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Woloshchuk CJ, Portillo C, Rodriguez-Crespo A, De Alba J, Amador NC, Cooper TV. Protective and risk factors for increased alcohol use in Latinx college students on the U.S./Mexico border. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2024; 23:287-304. [PMID: 35758062 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2089939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use is prevalent among undergraduates, however, limited research on drinking among Latinx college students exists. This study examined potential risk and protective factors of alcohol use and consequences. Participants (n = 382) completed multiple measures including alcohol use frequency and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI). Linear regression models identified predictors of monthly and yearly drinking days and RAPI. Findings indicated that alcohol use frequency was associated with increasing age, parental alcohol use disorder, greater anger, and lower self-efficacy. Alcohol-related consequences were positively associated with anxiety and adverse childhood experiences. Early alcohol prevention and intervention efforts appear warranted.
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Waldron KA, Wolfe E, Plisiewicz A, Turrisi RJ, Romano E. Long-term impact of familismo and ethnic identity on latinx college student drinking and high-risk consequences. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2024; 23:201-221. [PMID: 38768079 PMCID: PMC11106522 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2082618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Familismo, ethnic pride, and ethnic shame were examined as longitudinal predictors of Latinx college student alcohol use and high-risk alcohol-related consequences. Latinx students completed measures during the fall of their first (T1), second (T2), and fourth (T4) year of college. T1 familismo was positively associated with T2 ethnic pride and negatively associated with T2 ethnic shame. T2 ethnic pride was negatively associated with T4 drinking, while T2 ethnic shame was positively associated with T4 drinking. T4 drinking was positively associated with T4 consequences. Results suggest that Latinx ethnic pride and ethnic shame during the second-year of college act as mediators between first-year familismo and fourth-year drinking and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Wolfe
- Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Eduardo Romano
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland
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Sanchez-Garciaguirre AI, Najera SN, Portillo EM, Field CA. The indirect effects of self-regulation on the association of social support with increased protective drinking behavior and decreased alcohol problems in a predominantly Hispanic college student sample. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:409-419. [PMID: 38148672 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that self-regulation, which refers to one's ability to manage a behavior, and social support are related to alcohol use. Other research suggests that social support may serve as a precursor to self-regulation and health-promoting behaviors. We examined whether self-regulation has an indirect effect on the association between social support and both protective drinking behaviors and alcohol problems. METHODS A random sample of students at a Hispanic Serving Institution completed an online survey, which included sociodemographic questions, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire, the Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS) Scale, and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index. Undergraduate students (n = 192) who reported drinking in the last month were included in the analysis. A path analysis using Mplus8 was conducted to investigate the relationships among social support, self-regulation, PBS, and alcohol-related problems. RESULTS The sample was mostly female (58.9) and of Hispanic ethnicity (89.6). Analyses showed that social support had a significant positive association with PBS and a significant negative association with alcohol-related problems. When self-regulation was added to the models, these associations were no longer significant, and self-regulation had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between social support and both PBS and alcohol-related problems. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current cross-sectional study suggest that a viable hypothesis in future longitudinal studies is that self-regulation is a mechanism by which social support increases PBS and reduces alcohol problems. Future research should assess longitudinally both the mediating effects of self-regulation between social support and drinking outcomes and potential moderators, such as ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitiana I Sanchez-Garciaguirre
- The Latino Alcohol and Health Disparities Research and Training Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah N Najera
- The Latino Alcohol and Health Disparities Research and Training Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Erin M Portillo
- The Latino Alcohol and Health Disparities Research and Training Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Craig A Field
- The Latino Alcohol and Health Disparities Research and Training Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
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Hospital MM, Contreras-Pérez ME, Alessi SM, Langwerden RJ, Morris SL, Wagner EF. Mindfulness as an early intervention for hazardous alcohol use among non-treatment seeking Latine emerging adults: A mini-review. Addict Behav 2023; 145:107759. [PMID: 37276788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The age cohort referred to as emerging adults (ages 18-29 years old) demonstrates the most hazardous alcohol use in the United States (U.S.) Approximately one-third of emerging adults regularly engage in heavy episodic drinking (4/5 drinks in two hours females/males). Compared to their non-Latine White peers, Latine emerging adults in the U.S. report lower rates of heavy episodic drinking (HED) yet are at greater risk of developing a substance use disorder and experience more severe negative consequences from drinking alcohol. Despite their high-risk status, Latine emerging adults are less likely to seek treatment and have less access to innovative health-promoting resources, further exacerbating health inequities. Research has shown that practicing mindfulness can interrupt habituated cognitions, intrusive thinking, and automatic behaviors associated with hazardous drinking. However, Latine representation in MBI trials is minimal. This mini-review explores the potential value of mindfulness as an early intervention for hazardous alcohol use among Latine emerging adults. The review provides future directions for research, highlighting the need to design culturally and developmentally tailored MBIs that can provide a respectful, non-judgmental, and discrimination-free environment that appeals to Latine emerging adults. Additionally, conclusions are drawn regarding the possible benefits of pairing MBI with contingency management strategies to decrease attrition rates in MBI trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Hospital
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - María Eugenia Contreras-Pérez
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Sheila M Alessi
- Department of Medicine and the Calhoun Cardiology Center - Behavioral Health Division, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-3944, USA.
| | - Robbert J Langwerden
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Staci Leon Morris
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Eric F Wagner
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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Woloshchuk CJ, Frietze GA, Cooper TV. Cultural and psychosocial moderators of the association between adverse childhood experiences and alcohol and marijuana use among Latinx college students on the U.S./Mexico border. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 133:105859. [PMID: 36054999 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been historically associated with negative life outcomes among the general population. OBJECTIVE With limited research among Latinx college students, this study assessed how specific constructs moderate the association between ACEs and alcohol and marijuana use. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Latinx participants recruited from a large U.S./Mexico border region university (Females: N = 283, Males: N = 168) completed an online survey which included: demographics, the Center for Youth Wellness Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (CYW ACE-Q) Teen Self-Report, Drug Use Frequency (DUF), Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), Attitudinal Familism Scale (AFS), The Machismo Measure or The Marianismo Beliefs Scale (MBS), and The Bicultural Self-Efficacy Scale (BSE). METHODS Hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to test for main and interactive effects and to determine if the individual moderators (i.e., attachment style, self-efficacy, familism, traditional gender norms, bicultural self-efficacy) affect the relationship between ACEs and alcohol and marijuana use. RESULTS Results indicated that among females, attachment style (β = 0.04, p = .03), MBS (β = -65.57, p = .01), and BSE (β = 0.34, p = .04) moderate the relationship between ACEs and alcohol and marijuana use. No moderation analyses were statistically significant among males. CONCLUSIONS Clinical implications include, for both substance use and trauma treatment among Latinx college students, the assessment of ACEs and attachment style to promote greater insight into the client's inner struggles and emotional processing in relation to marianismo beliefs and bicultural self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia J Woloshchuk
- California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, 10455 Pomerado Rd, San Diego, CA 92131, USA
| | | | - Theodore V Cooper
- Prevention and Treatment of Clinical Health Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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Sanchez A, Gainza Perez M, Field CA. The role of resilience in alcohol use, drinking motives, and alcohol-related consequences among Hispanic college students. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:100-109. [PMID: 34843425 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2021.1996584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hispanic college students experience minority stressors and are therefore at greater risk of experiencing alcohol-related consequences. Resilience may protect against problem drinking and related consequences, yet its relationship to drinking motives remains unexplored. Given that drinking motives precede both alcohol use and its consequences, investigating the role of resilience in such associations may inform interventions to reduce alcohol-related health disparities.Objectives: The current study investigated whether greater resilience predicted fewer drinking motives, lower alcohol consumption, and reduced the negative impact of drinking motives on alcohol consequences among Hispanic college students.Methods: Resilience, drinking motives and alcohol consequences were assessed among 443 students living on the U.S./Mexico border recruited via e-mail (68% female; Mage = 22.6 years, SD = 5.09). Linear regressions assessed whether drinking motives (i.e., coping, conformity, social, enhancement) and resilience predicted alcohol consumption. A linear regression also assessed resilience, drinking motives, and alcohol consumption as potential predictors of alcohol consequences. Lastly, linear regressions tested the moderating effects of resilience between each drinking motive and alcohol consumption as well as alcohol consequences.Results: Greater resilience predicted fewer alcohol-related consequences (β = -.024, p = .028). Additionally, resilience moderated the relationships social (β = -.095, p = .050) and enhancement drinking motives (β = -.084, p = .050) had with alcohol consequences. Higher social and enhancement motives were not associated with alcohol consequences among resilient individuals.Conclusion: Strengthening resilience among Hispanic students whose drinking is motivated by a desire for socialization or mood enhancement may protect against alcohol-related consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitiana Sanchez
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | | | - Craig A Field
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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Lui PP, Krantz SM, Madson MB. Ethnic/Racial Differences in Alcohol Use: Does Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Matter? Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1653-1662. [PMID: 35959555 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: College students-including those of Hispanic backgrounds-are at risk for hazardous drinking. Research has shown robust group differences between Hispanic and White individuals in alcohol use outcomes. The ability to resist alcohol consumption can be leveraged to reduce hazardous drinking; however, little research has examined Hispanic-White differences and whether drinking refusal self-efficacy accounts for group differences in hazardous drinking. Considering Hispanic individuals make up the largest ethnic/racial minority group in the United States, it is important to identify malleable psychological factors that prevent and reduce drinking problems. Method: Hispanic and White college students at two predominantly White institutions (N = 389; 58.6% women, Mage= 20.22) completed measures assessing drinking refusal self-efficacy, hazardous drinking, and negative drinking consequences. Results: Hispanic students reported lower levels of hazardous drinking, alcohol-related problems, and drinking refusal self-efficacy than White students. Drinking refusal self-efficacy was found to partially explain Hispanic-White differences in the levels of hazardous drinking and drinking-related problems. Specifically, drinking refusal self-efficacy was associated with alcohol use outcomes only among White students and not Hispanic students. Conclusion: The correspondence between drinking refusal self-efficacy and actual behaviors to turn down drinks, ethnic/racial distinctiveness in ratings of self-efficacy and cultural orientations, and situational contexts that surround drinking should be examined in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Priscilla Lui
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Savannah M Krantz
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael B Madson
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
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Garcia-Reid P, Lardier DT, Reid RJ, Opara I. Understanding the Influence of Sexual Risk Taking, Ethnic Identity, and Family and Peer Support on School Importance Among Hispanic Adolescents. EDUCATION AND URBAN SOCIETY 2020; 52:1011-1038. [PMID: 32742004 PMCID: PMC7394403 DOI: 10.1177/0013124518787827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the broader academic gains experienced by Hispanic students, who represent the largest minority group in the United States, they remain the least educated of all major ethnic groups, and our understanding of their academic needs and strengths remains woefully inadequate. Therefore, this study examined the risk (e.g., sexual risk taking) and protective factors (e.g., family support, supportive peer networks, and ethnic identity) associated with school importance among Hispanic teens (N = 587) residing in a high-risk, resource poor urban community and the ways in which these relationships vary between adolescent males (46.5%) and adolescent females (53.5%). Schools that are able to harness the numerous assets embedded within the Hispanic community are well positioned to create learning environments that are encouraging, are culturally responsive, and can potentially reduce risk involvement that may interfere with valuing the role of school importance. Implications for school-based personnel are discussed.
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Edwards KA, Vowles KE. Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – II: Confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance between Non-Hispanic White and Hispanic/Latinx undergraduates. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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López CI, Richards DK, Field CA. Perceived discrimination and alcohol-related problems among Hispanic college students: The protective role of serious harm reduction behaviors. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2020; 21:272-283. [PMID: 32281908 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2020.1747040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the use of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) as moderators of the association between perceived discrimination and alcohol-related problems among Hispanic college students. Participants who were between 18 and 24 years of age (n = 379) completed self-report measures. The results showed that greater perceived discrimination was associated with less frequent PBS use, more problematic alcohol use, and more alcohol-related problems, while greater use of PBS types was associated with fewer alcohol-related problems. Furthermore, serious harm-reduction behaviors moderated the association between perceived discrimination and alcohol-related problems. The findings suggest that serious harm-reduction behaviors may protect against the negative effects of perceived discrimination on alcohol-related problems among Hispanic college students.
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Field C, Oviedo Ramirez S, Juarez P, Castro Y. Process for developing a culturally informed brief motivational intervention. Addict Behav 2019; 95:129-137. [PMID: 30909079 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study culturally enhances a standard brief intervention for alcohol use. Through an iterative process engaging key stakeholders; including patients, and expert consultants, this research sought to enhance current evidence based interventions. Five culturally informed enhancements consistent with Motivational Interviewing were introduced into standard brief interventions. These culturally informed enhancements can be refined to address the cultural risk and protective factors of other priority populations. The distinctions and advantages of this approach over prior cultural adapted interventions is discussed. Importantly, the present study outlines a process for refining the culturally informed brief intervention to other target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Field
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at El Paso, USA.
| | | | - Patricia Juarez
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at El Paso, USA
| | - Yessenia Castro
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
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12
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Cadigan JM, Duckworth JC, Parker ME, Lee CM. Influence of developmental social role transitions on young adult substance use. Curr Opin Psychol 2019; 30:87-91. [PMID: 31048248 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Young adulthood (ages 18-25) is a developmental period characterized by numerous transitions in social roles. This period is also associated with increased risk of substance use and negative-consequences. Changes in developmental social role status can be related to changes in substance use. In this review, we discuss key developmental transitions and social roles associated with young adult substance use, including changes in educational status, employment, intimate partner relationships, friendships, and living status. We include important differences in substance use among groups defined by race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. We conclude with implications for developmentally tailored prevention/intervention approaches targeting social role transitions associated with at-risk substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Cadigan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Jennifer C Duckworth
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Myra E Parker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Christine M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Lardier DT, Barrios VR, Garcia-Reid P, Reid RJ. Preventing Substance Use Among Hispanic Urban Youth: Valuing the Role of Family, Social Support Networks, School Importance, and Community Engagement. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2018.1466748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Escobedo P, Allem JP, Baezconde-Garbanati L, Unger JB. Cultural values associated with substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California. Addict Behav 2018; 77:267-271. [PMID: 28755765 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hispanic emerging adults are a priority population for substance use prevention, yet few studies have examined whether traditional Hispanic cultural values serve as risk or protective factors for substance use among emerging adults. This study examined the relationship between familism, respeto, fatalism, and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults. METHODS Participants (ages 18 to 25) completed surveys indicating identification with familism, respeto, and fatalism, past month use of tobacco, marijuana, hard drugs and binge drinking. Separate logistic regression models examined the association between cultural values and each substance use outcome, controlling for acculturation, age and gender. RESULTS Among participants (n=1445, mean age=23, 60% female), 21% reported past month cigarette use, 18% reported past month alternative tobacco product (ATP) use, 25% reported past month marijuana use, 44% reported past month binge drinking, and 7% reported past month hard drug use. Higher fatalism scores were associated with increased ATP use. Higher familism scores were associated with binge drinking, while higher respeto scores were associated with decreased binge drinking, marijuana, and hard drug use. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that substance use prevention and intervention programs should emphasize how substance use interferes with caring and honoring parents (respeto) and family cohesion and functioning (familism). Programs that highlight these cultural values and beliefs may be beneficial for Hispanic emerging adults and members of other collectivistic cultures.
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Lardier DT, MacDonnell M, Barrios VR, Garcia-Reid P, Reid RJ. The moderating effect of neighborhood sense of community on predictors of substance use among Hispanic urban youth. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2017. [PMID: 28632097 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2016.1273810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic adolescents represent a disproportionate number of youth living in urban communities. These youth confront significant social problems that increase their likelihood for substance use. However, youth that have a greater neighborhood sense of community are postulated, through empowerment theory, to be less influenced by negative environmental experiences and less inclined to engage in drug and alcohol use. We examine the moderating effect neighborhood SOC has on predictors of substance use among Hispanic (N = 538) urban youth in low- (n = 246) and high-conflict homes (n = 292). Using logistic regression analysis and a plotting technique to examine interaction effects, we explore these relationships and provide recommendations for practice and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robert J Reid
- a Montclair State University , Montclair , New Jersey
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