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Clements-Nolle KD, Lensch T, Drake CS, Pearson JL. Adverse childhood experiences and past 30-day cannabis use among middle and high school students: The protective influence of families and schools. Addict Behav 2022; 130:107280. [PMID: 35279622 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is a risk factor for adolescent cannabis use (CU). We explored whether family communication and school connectedness can offer direct protection (the compensatory model of resiliency) or moderating protection (the protective factors model of resiliency). Using cluster random sampling, a Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) was conducted with 5,341 middle school and 4,980 high school students in 2019. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate whether family communication and school connectedness offered independent direct protection (multiple regression) or moderating protection (multiplicative interaction) in the relationship between ACEs and past 30-day CU. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. There was a graded relationship between ACEs and past 30-day CU for all students that was particularly strong among middle school students: 1 ACE (APR = 2.37, 95% CI = 2.16, 2.62), 2 ACEs (APR = 2.89, 95% CI = 2.60, 3.23), 3 ACEs (APR = 5.30, 95% CI = 4.75, 5.90), 4 + ACEs (APR = 7.86, 95% CI = 7.13, 8.67). Results supported the compensatory model of resiliency with both family communication (middle school APR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.88, 0.93; high school APR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.87, 0.93) and school connectedness (middle school APR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.72, 0.79; high school APR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.68, 0.77) demonstrating a direct, independent protective relationship with past 30-day CU. There was no consistent evidence supporting the protective factors resiliency model.
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Madkour AS, Clum G, Green J, Latimer J, Schmidt N, Johnson C, Kissinger P. Patterns and correlates of substance use among young adult African American women. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2022; 21:197-215. [PMID: 32052710 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2020.1725708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patterns and correlates of substance use among urban African American young women (ages 18-19, n = 459) were examined. Four patterns were identified: no/infrequent alcohol and marijuana use (64.9%); recent alcohol only use (18.2%); recent marijuana only use (7.9%); and recent alcohol and marijuana use (9.0%). Having a recent male sexual partner and a history of sexual coercion were associated with increased odds of marijuana-only and dual use. Greater family support and childhood sexual abuse were associated with increased odds of alcohol-only use. Results suggest that sexual relationships and history of abuse/coercion are important factors in young African American women's substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey Spriggs Madkour
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gretchen Clum
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jakevia Green
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jen Latimer
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Norine Schmidt
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Carolyn Johnson
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Patricia Kissinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Vidourek RA, Yockey RA, King KA, Oliver A. Recent Marijuana Use Among Young Adults, 2015–2018, USA. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Zapolski TCB, Yu T, Brody GH, Banks DE, Barton AW. Why now? Examining antecedents for substance use initiation among African American adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 32:719-734. [PMID: 31452473 PMCID: PMC7044022 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Current adolescent substance use risk models have inadequately predicted use for African Americans, offering limited knowledge about differential predictability as a function of developmental period. Among a sample of 500 African American youth (ages 11-21), four risk indices (i.e., social risk, attitudinal risk, intrapersonal risk, and racial discrimination risk) were examined in the prediction of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette initiation during early (ages 11-13), mid (ages 16-18), and late (ages 19-21) adolescence. Results showed that when developmental periods were combined, racial discrimination was the only index that predicted initiation for all three substances. However, when risk models were stratified based on developmental period, variation was found within and across substance types. Results highlight the importance of racial discrimination in understanding substance use initiation among African American youth and the need for tailored interventions based on developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamika C. B. Zapolski
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 420 University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Devin E. Banks
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 420 University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Allen W. Barton
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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King KA, Vidourek RA, Yockey RA. Does the association of school experiences and marijuana use differ based on age of African American high school students? JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2019.1620887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith A. King
- Center for Prevention Science, Health Promotion and Education, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Vidourek
- Center for Prevention Science, Health Promotion and Education, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R. Andrew Yockey
- Health Promotion and Education Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Vidourek RA, King KA. Sex Differences in the Association Between School Experiences and Marijuana Use Among African American Adolescents. J Community Health 2019; 44:534-543. [PMID: 30968261 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-019-00652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether past month marijuana use among African American adolescents differed based on school experiences and individual feelings toward school. A secondary analysis of the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health was conducted to answer research questions. Results from the multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that female students at highest risk for recent use included those who held negative feelings toward school (OR 2.723, CI 1.683, 4.406, p < .001), felt courses were not interesting (OR 2.695, CI 1.513, 4.798, p < .01), and received mostly C's/D's/ F's in the last semester (OR 2.520, CI 1.614, 6.711,p < .001). For males, results indicated that male students at highest risk included those who held negative feelings toward school (OR 2.364, CI 1.365, 4.094, p < .01), felt things learned in school would not be important later in life (OR 3.470, CI 1.951, 6.173, p < .001), and received mostly C's/ D's/F's in the last semester (OR 2.733, CI 1.734, 4.309, p < .001). In the final model, of those who felt that most or all students in their grade used marijuana, males were 3 ½ times (OR 3.418, CI 1.741, 6.711, p < .001) and females were 8 times (OR 8.288, CI 3.526, 19.480, p < .001) more likely to have recently used marijuana. Such findings can be used by prevention specialists and health educators to develop and implement marijuana prevention programs and interventions specifically tailored to African American adolescents. Recommendations for future research are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Vidourek
- Center for Prevention Science, Health Promotion and Education, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0068, USA.
| | - Keith A King
- Center for Prevention Science, Health Promotion and Education, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0068, USA
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Wright CL, Ball T, Kambour K, Machado L, Defrancesco T, Hamilton C, Hyatt J, Dauk J. Music and substance use: A meta-analytic review. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2018; 19:208-237. [PMID: 30183541 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2018.1494657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
While previous research has documented a relation between music and substance use among consumers, to date, there are no meta-analytic reviews of the literature, making our meta-analysis the first in this area. Results from 31 studies, yielding a total of 330,652, indicated that music had a significant effect on substance use, with both music format and genre being significant contributors. The effect of music on substance use also varied by substance type. In addition, participant biological sex and location of data collection were found to moderate the effect of music on substance use. Theoretical implications are discussed along with directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tia Ball
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | - Lygia Machado
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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