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Xu D, Han S, Yue X, Xu X, Huang T. METTL14 Suppresses Tumor Stemness and Metastasis of Colon Cancer Cells by Modulating m6A-Modified SCD1. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:2095-2105. [PMID: 37592151 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is a malignant disease of the digestive tract, and its rising prevalence poses a grave threat to people's health. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is essential for various crucial life processes through modulating gene expression. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), the m6A methylation transferase core protein, and its aberrant expression is intimately correlated to tumor development. This study was conducted to probe the impacts and specific mechanisms of METTL14 on the biological process of CC. Bioinformatics data disclosed that METTL14 was significantly attenuated in CC. Functional assays were executed to ascertain how METTL14 affected CC tumorigenicity, and METTL14 overexpression caused a notable decline in viability, migration, invasion, and stemness phenotype of CC cells. Then, in-depth mechanistic studies displayed that stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) was a downstream target gene of METTL14-mediated m6A modification. METTL14 overexpression substantially augmented the m6A modification of SCD1 mRNA and diminished the SCD1 mRNA level. In addition, we revealed that YTHDF2 was the m6A reader to recognize METTL14 m6A-modified SCD1 mRNA and abolish its stability. Finally, we also validated that METTL14 might impede the tumorigenic process of CC through SCD1 mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Taken together, this study presented that METTL14 performed as a potential therapeutic target in CC with important implications for the prognosis amelioration of CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suzhou Xiangcheng Peoples' Hospital, No. 1060, Huayuan Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, 215131, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuguang Han
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suzhou Xiangcheng Peoples' Hospital, No. 1060, Huayuan Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, 215131, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yue
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suzhou Xiangcheng Peoples' Hospital, No. 1060, Huayuan Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, 215131, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suzhou Xiangcheng Peoples' Hospital, No. 1060, Huayuan Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, 215131, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tieao Huang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suzhou Xiangcheng Peoples' Hospital, No. 1060, Huayuan Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, 215131, Jiangsu, China.
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Gonçalves J, Feijó M, Socorro S, Luís Â, Gallardo E, Duarte AP. The Role of Ayahuasca in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Survival, Proliferation and Oxidative Stress. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:719. [PMID: 38931386 PMCID: PMC11207024 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The psychedelic beverage ayahuasca is originally obtained by Banisteriopsis caapi (B. caapi) (BC) and Psychotria viridis (P. viridis) (PV). However, sometimes these plant species are replaced by others that mimic the original effects, such as Mimosa hostilis (M. hostilis) (MH) and Peganum harmala (P. harmala) (PH). Its worldwide consumption and the number of studies on its potential therapeutic effects has increased. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer properties of ayahuasca in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Thus, the maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of decoctions of MH, PH, and a mixture of these (MHPH) was determined. The activities of caspases 3 and 9 were evaluated, and the cell proliferation index was determined through immunocytochemical analysis (Ki-67). Two fluorescent probes were used to evaluate the production of oxidative stress and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was also evaluated. It was demonstrated that exposure to the extracts significantly induced apoptosis in Caco-2 cells, while decreasing cell proliferation. MH and MHPH samples significantly reduced oxidative stress and significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity. No significant differences were found in SOD activity. Overall, it was demonstrated that the decoctions have a potential anticancer activity in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mariana Feijó
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Ângelo Luís
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
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Wu J, Li W, Su J, Zheng J, Liang Y, Lin J, Xu B, Liu Y. Integration of single-cell sequencing and bulk RNA-seq to identify and develop a prognostic signature related to colorectal cancer stem cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12270. [PMID: 38806611 PMCID: PMC11133358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains worse than expected due to metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy. Colorectal cancer stem cells (CRCSCs) play a vital role in tumor metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance. However, there are currently no prognostic markers based on CRCSCs-related genes available for clinical use. In this study, single-cell transcriptome sequencing was employed to distinguish cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the CRC microenvironment and analyze their properties at the single-cell level. Subsequently, data from TCGA and GEO databases were utilized to develop a prognostic risk model for CRCSCs-related genes and validate its diagnostic performance. Additionally, functional enrichment, immune response, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of the relevant genes in the risk model were investigated. Lastly, the key gene RPS17 in the risk model was identified as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for further comprehensive studies. Our findings provide new insights into the prognostic treatment of CRC and offer novel perspectives for a systematic and comprehensive understanding of CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanyu Li
- Well Lead Medical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 511434, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyu Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamin Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanwen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiansuo Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Bilian Xu
- School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
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Naser AN, Xing T, Tatum R, Lu Q, Boyer PJ, Chen YH. Colonic crypt stem cell functions are controlled by tight junction protein claudin-7 through Notch/Hippo signaling. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1535:92-108. [PMID: 38598500 PMCID: PMC11111361 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The tight junction protein claudin-7 is essential for tight junction function and intestinal homeostasis. Cldn7 deletion in mice leads to an inflammatory bowel disease-like phenotype exhibiting severe intestinal epithelial damage, weight loss, inflammation, mucosal ulcerations, and epithelial hyperplasia. Claudin-7 has also been shown to be involved in cancer metastasis and invasion. Here, we test our hypothesis that claudin-7 plays an important role in regulating colonic intestinal stem cell function. Conditional knockout of Cldn7 in the colon led to impaired epithelial cell differentiation, hyperproliferative epithelium, a decrease in active stem cells, and dramatically altered gene expression profiles. In 3D colonoid culture, claudin-7-deficient crypts were unable to survive and form spheroids, emphasizing the importance of claudin-7 in stem cell survival. Inhibition of the Hippo pathway or activation of Notch signaling partially rescued the defective stem cell behavior. Concurrent Notch activation and Hippo inhibition resulted in restored colonoid survival, growth, and differentiation to the level comparable to those of wild-type derived crypts. In this study, we highlight the essential role of claudin-7 in regulating Notch and Hippo signaling-dependent colonic stem cell functions, including survival, self-renewal, and differentiation. These new findings may shed light on potential avenues to explore for drug development in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna N. Naser
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tiaosi Xing
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Neural and Behavioral Science Department, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rodney Tatum
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Philip J. Boyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yan-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Radu P, Zurzu M, Tigora A, Paic V, Bratucu M, Garofil D, Surlin V, Munteanu AC, Coman IS, Popa F, Strambu V, Ramboiu S. The Impact of Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4140. [PMID: 38673727 PMCID: PMC11050141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite incessant research, colorectal cancer (CRC) is still one of the most common causes of fatality in both men and women worldwide. Over time, advancements in medical treatments have notably enhanced the survival rates of patients with colorectal cancer. Managing metastatic CRC involves a complex tradeoff between the potential benefits and adverse effects of treatment, considering factors like disease progression, treatment toxicity, drug resistance, and the overall impact on the patient's quality of life. An increasing body of evidence highlights the significance of the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept, proposing that CSCs occupy a central role in triggering cancer. CSCs have been a focal point of extensive research in a variety of cancer types, including CRC. Colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) play a crucial role in tumor initiation, metastasis, and therapy resistance, making them potential treatment targets. Various methods exist for isolating CCSCs, and understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance associated with them is crucial. This paper offers an overview of the current body of research pertaining to the comprehension of CSCs in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru Radu
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Mihai Zurzu
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Anca Tigora
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Vlad Paic
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Mircea Bratucu
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Dragos Garofil
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Valeriu Surlin
- Sixth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova Emergency Clinical 7 Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (V.S.); (A.C.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Alexandru Claudiu Munteanu
- Sixth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova Emergency Clinical 7 Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (V.S.); (A.C.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Ionut Simion Coman
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
- General Surgery Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni Road, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florian Popa
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Victor Strambu
- Tenth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (P.R.); (A.T.); (V.P.); (M.B.); (D.G.); (I.S.C.); (F.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Sandu Ramboiu
- Sixth Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova Emergency Clinical 7 Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (V.S.); (A.C.M.); (S.R.)
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Faghfuri E, Gholizadeh P. The role of Akkermansia muciniphila in colorectal cancer: A double-edged sword of treatment or disease progression? Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116416. [PMID: 38471272 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most cancer-related death worldwide. In recent years, probiotics have been used to reduce the potential risks of CRC and tumors with various mechanisms. Different bacteria have been suggested to play different roles in the progression, prevention, or treatment of CRC. Akkermansia muciniphila is considered a next-generation probiotic for preventing and treating some diseases. Therefore, in this review article, we aimed to describe and discuss different mechanisms of A. muciniphila as an intestinal microbiota or probiotic in CRC. Some studies suggested that the abundance of A. muciniphila was higher or increased in CRC patients compared to healthy individuals. However, the decreased abundance of A. muciniphila was associated with severe symptoms of CRC, indicating that A. muciniphila did not play a role in the development of CRC. In addition, A. muciniphila administration elevates gene expression of proliferation-associated molecules such as S100A9, Dbf4, and Snrpd1, or markers for cell proliferation. Some other studies suggested that inflammation and tumorigenesis in the intestine might promoted by A. muciniphila. Overall, the role of A. muciniphila in CRC development or inhibition is still unclear and controversial. Various methods of bacterial supplementation, such as viability, bacterial number, and abundance, could all influence the colonization effect of A. muciniphila administration and CRC progression. Overall, A. mucinipila has been revealed to modulate the therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Preliminary human data propose that oral consumption of A. muciniphila is safe, but its efficacy needs to be confirmed in more human clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Faghfuri
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Zhou T, Qian H, Zhang D, Fang W, Yao M, Shi H, Chen T, Chai C, Guo B. PGRN inhibits CD8 +T cell recruitment and promotes breast cancer progression by up-regulating ICAM-1 on TAM. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:76. [PMID: 38554213 PMCID: PMC10981592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironment actually reduces antitumor effect against the immune attack by exclusion of CD8+T cells. Progranulin (PGRN) is a multifunctional growth factor with significant pathological effects in multiple tumors; however, its role in immunity evasion of breast cancer (BCa) is not completely understood. METHODS We depleted GRN (PGRN gene) genetically in mice or specifically in PY8119 murine BCa cell line, and mouse models of orthotopic or subcutaneous transplantation were used. Chimeric mice-deficient of PGRN (Grn-/-) in bone marrow (BM) compartment was also generated. Association of PGRN expression with chemokine production or BCa development was investigated by histological and immunological assays. RESULTS We found PGRN was involved in exhaustion of cytotoxic CD8+T cell in BCa with the increasing expressions of M2 markers and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on macrophages. Specifically, ablation of PGRN in PY8119 cells reduced tumor burden, accompanied by the infiltrating of cytotoxic CD8+T cells into tumor nests. Moreover, our result revealed that blockade of PD-1 in PGRN-depleted tumors exhibited better antitumor effect in vivo and significantly decreased tumor burden. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that inhibition of PGRN may act as a potential immune-therapeutic strategy by recovering infiltration of CD8+T cell in BCa tissue and thereby enhancing the response to anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Husun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Fang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - MengLi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - He Shi
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengsen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bianqin Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
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Sah DK, Arjunan A, Park SY, Lee B, Jung YD. Sulforaphane Inhibits IL-1β-Induced IL-6 by Suppressing ROS Production, AP-1, and STAT3 in Colorectal Cancer HT-29 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:406. [PMID: 38671854 PMCID: PMC11047376 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as a major cause of cancer-related mortality globally, accounting for approximately 881,000 deaths each year. Traditional approaches such as chemotherapy and surgery have been the primary treatment modalities, yet the outcomes for patients with metastatic CRC are often unsatisfactory. Recent research has focused on targeting the pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metastasis to enhance the survival of CRC patients. Within this context, sulforaphane (SFN), a notable phytochemical found predominantly in cruciferous vegetables, has been recognized as a potential anticancer agent. However, the specific mechanisms through which SFN may exert its chemopreventive effects in CRC remain unclear. This study explores the impact of SFN on IL-1β-induced IL-6 activation and MAPK and AP-1 signaling in HT-29 cells. Our findings reveal that SFN treatment not only diminishes IL-1β-stimulated IL-6 expression but also reduces oxidative stress by curtailing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, it hinders the proliferation and invasiveness of HT-29 cells through the modulation of MAPK/AP-1 and STAT3 signaling pathways. These results indicate that SFN mitigates IL-1β-induced IL-6 expression in CRC cells by attenuating ROS production and disrupting MAPK/AP-1 signaling. This suggests that SFN holds significant potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for both treating and preventing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Archana Arjunan
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Seon Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bora Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Young Do Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
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9
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Hu Y, Luo M. Cinobufotalin regulates the USP36/c-Myc axis to suppress malignant phenotypes of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5526-5544. [PMID: 38517383 PMCID: PMC11006458 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 36 (USP36) has been reported to exhibit oncogenic effects in various malignancies, but the function of USP36 in colon cancer progression remains indefinite. Herein, we aimed to determine the role and mechanism of USP36 in malignant phenotypes of colon cancer cells and explore the potential drug targeting USP36. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that USP36 is highly expressed and significantly related to tumor stages in colon cancer. Besides, USP36 was further up-regulated in oxaliplatin (Oxa)-resistant colon cancer cells. Colony formation, Edu staining, Transwell, wound healing, sphere formation, and CCK-8 assays were conducted and showed that the proliferation, Oxa-resistance, migration, stemness, and invasion of HCT116 cells were promoted after overexpressing USP36, while suppressed by USP36 knockdown. Mechanically, USP36 enhances c-Myc protein stabilization in HCT116 cells via deubiquitination. AutoDock tool and ubiquitin-AMC hydrolysis assay identified cinobufotalin (CBF), an anti-tumor drug, maybe a USP36 inhibitor by inhibiting its deubiquitination activity. CBF significantly prohibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of HCT116 cells and reversed Oxa-resistance, whereas enforced expression of USP36 blocked these effects. Moreover, in vivo analyses confirmed the oncogenic role of USP36 and the therapeutic potential of CBF in the malignancy of colon cancer. In conclusion, CBF may be a promising therapeutic agent for colon cancer due to its regulation of the USP36/c-Myc axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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10
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Ke C, Zhou H, Xia T, Xie X, Jiang B. GTP binding protein 2 maintains the quiescence, self-renewal, and chemoresistance of mouse colorectal cancer stem cells via promoting Wnt signaling activation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27159. [PMID: 38468952 PMCID: PMC10926081 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and the second most deadly cancer across the globe. Colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) fuel CRC growth, metastasis, relapse, and chemoresistance. A complete understanding of the modulatory mechanisms of CCSC biology is essential for developing efficacious CRC treatment. In the current study, we characterized the expression and function of GTP binding protein 2 (GTPBP2) in a chemical-induced mouse CRC model. We found that GTPBP2 was expressed at a higher level in CD133+CD44+ CCSCs compared with other CRC cells. Using a lentivirus-based Cas9/sgRNA system, GTPBP2 expression was ablated in CRC cells in vitro. GTPBP2 deficiency caused the following effects on CCSCs: 1) Significantly accelerating proliferation and increasing the proportions of cells at G1, S, and G2/M phase; 2) Impairing resistance to 5-Fluorouracil; 3) Weakening self-renewal but not impacting cell migration. In addition, GTPBP2 deficiency remarkably decreased β-catenin expression while increasing β-catenin phosphorylation in CCSCs. These effects of GTPBP2 were present in CCSCs but not in other CRC cell populations. The Wnt agonist SKL2001 completely abolished these changes in GTPBP2-deficient CCSCs. When GTPBP2-deficient CCSCs were implanted in nude mice, they exhibited consistent changes compared with GTPBP2-expressing CCSCs. Collectively, this study indicates that GTPBP2 positively modulates Wnt signaling to reinforce the quiescence, self-renewal, and chemoresistance of mouse CCSCs. Therefore, we disclose a novel mechanism underlying CCSC biology and GTPBP2 could be a therapeutic target in future CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ke
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Hongjian Zhou
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Tian Xia
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Xingwang Xie
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
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11
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Luo R, Wan Y, Liu G, Chen J, Luo X, Li Z, Su D, Lu N, Luo Z. Engineering Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel to Enhance the Capacity of Dendritic Cells to Activate In Vivo T-Cell Immunity. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1408-1428. [PMID: 38236703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of the dendritic cell (DC) has failed to meet expectations thus far, and crucial problems such as the immature state of DCs, low targeting efficiency, insufficient number of dendritic cells, and microenvironment are still the current focus. To address these problems, we developed two self-assembling peptides, RLDI and RQDT, that mimic extracellular matrix (ECM). These peptides can be self-assembled into highly ordered three-dimensional nanofiber scaffold structures, where RLDI can form gelation immediately. In addition, we found that RLDI and RQDT enhance the biological function of DCs, including releasing antigens sustainably, adhering to DCs, promoting the maturation of DCs, and increasing the ability of DC antigen presentation. Moreover, peptide hydrogel-based DC treatment significantly achieved prophylactic and treatment effects on colon cancer. These results have certain implications for the design of new broad-spectrum vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Yuan Wan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Guicen Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jialei Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyi Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhaoxu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Di Su
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Na Lu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhongli Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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12
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Benedict A, Suresh V, Selvamani M, Jayaraman S, Hussein MA. Merremia emarginata Extract Potentiates the Inhibition of Human Colon Cancer Cells (HT-29) via the Modulation of Caspase-3/Bcl-2-Mediated Pathways. Cureus 2024; 16:e56300. [PMID: 38629020 PMCID: PMC11019472 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates Merremia emarginata's curative effectiveness against colon cancer cells. M. emarginata, often known as Elika jemudu, is a Convolvulaceae family plant. The inhibitory ability of anticancer herbal extracts against cancer cell growth and mediators is tested. Aim This study aims to evaluate the potent anticancer activity of M. emarginata against colon cancer cell line (HT-29). Materials and methods M. emarginata leaves were gathered and processed using solvent extraction. Anticancer activity on colon cancer cells was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and cysteine aspartic acid protease-3 (caspase 3), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) mRNA expressions. The data was reported as the mean ± SD of three separate experiments done in triplicate. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a p-value less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results The cell viability test showed a gradual decrease in cell growth and proliferation as the concentration increased. The ethanolic extract of M. emarginata was found to be cytotoxic against colon caller cell lines. The extract was able to induce apoptosis of cancer as revealed by Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and caspase-3 (p<0.05 and p<0.001) signaling pathways. Conclusion M. emarginata extracts showed good anticancer activity against colon cancer cell lines. Further work is required to establish and identify the chemical constituent responsible for its anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Benedict
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthamizh Selvamani
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Mohammed Asif Hussein
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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13
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Li Y, Shi J, Liu Z, Lin Y, Xie A, Sun W, Liu J, Liang J. Regulation of the migration of colorectal cancer stem cells via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway by the novel surface marker CD14 following LPS stimulation. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:60. [PMID: 38192670 PMCID: PMC10773188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell surface markers are most widely used in the study of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, cell surface markers that are safely and stably expressed in CSCs have yet to be identified. Colonic CSCs express leukocyte CD14. CD14 binding to the ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is involved in the inflammatory response via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway. TLR4 and MyD88 have been reported to promote the proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenicity of colon cancer cells, which is consistent with the characteristics of CSCs. In the present study, the proposed experimental method to detect cell proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis was used to confirm that, under LPS stimulation, CD14 promoted the proliferation, migration and tumorigenesis of colonic CSCs via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays were used to assess the proliferation and migration of the cells. Colony formation and nude mouse xenograft assays were used to assess the capacity of cells to form tumors. Using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, the mRNA and protein levels of CD14, TLR4 and MyD88 were examined. It was confirmed that CD14 promoted the proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis of colon CSCs in response to LPS stimulation via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, and CD14+ colon cancer cells were successfully isolated and sorted. According to the results of proliferation assay, it was determined that CD14 regulated the LPS-induced proliferation of colon CSCs. CD14, TLR4 and MyD88 protein and mRNA expression was upregulated in colon CSCs in response to LPS stimulation. This indicates a potential novel target for colon CSC-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Li
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Lin
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Mudanjiang Cardiovascular Disease Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - An Xie
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liang
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
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14
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Song Y, Li X, Wu H, Xu Y, Jin D, Ping S, Jia J, Han C. RNF183 Promotes Colon Cancer Cell Stemness through Fatty Acid Oxidation. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:215-225. [PMID: 38044546 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2286700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer (COAD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal tumor, composed of a few cancer stem cells (CSCs). High expression of RNF183 drives colorectal cancer metastasis, but its role in COAD cell stemness is still unclear. Bioinformatics analyzed expression and enriched pathway of RNF183 in COAD tissue. IHC analyzed RNF183 protein expression in tumor tissue. CD133 + CD44+ CSCs were sorted by flow cytometry, and RNF183 expression in COAD cells or CSCs was detected by qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. CCK-8 assay assessed cell viability, and sphere formation assay tested cell sphere-forming ability. Western blot measured protein expression of stem cell markers. qPCR assayed expression of fatty acid oxidation genes. The ability of fatty acid oxidation was analyzed by detecting fatty acid metabolism. RNF183 was highly expressed in COAD and CD133 + CD44+ CSCs, and was enriched in fatty acid metabolism pathway. RNF183 expression was positively correlated with enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation. RNF183 could promote COAD stemness and fatty acid oxidation. Rescue experiments showed that Orlistat (a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor) reversed stimulative impact of RNF183 overexpression on COAD stemness. RNF183 promoted COAD stemness by affecting fatty acid oxidation, which may be a new therapeutic target for inhibiting COAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingming Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Huiping Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Elderly Nursing Home YingKang, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Dayi Jin
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Shimin Ping
- Department of Medical Oncology, Elderly Nursing Home YingKang, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Junling Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Elderly Nursing Home YingKang, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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15
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Gui Y, Qian X, Ding Y, Chen Q, Fangyu Ye, Ye Y, Hou Y, Yu J, Zhao L. c-Fos regulated by TMPO/ERK axis promotes 5-FU resistance via inducing NANOG transcription in colon cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:61. [PMID: 38233377 PMCID: PMC10794174 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance is one of the most common limitations for the clinical response of colon cancer to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy. The relevant molecular mechanisms might be diversity, but still not be elucidated clearly. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of c-Fos, a subfamily of activator protein-1, in 5-FU chemoresistance. We determined that phosphorylated c-Fos promoted colon cancer cells resistance to 5-FU by facilitating the cancer stemness. Mechanically, 5-FU treatment induced autolysosome-dependent degradation of TMPO, which subsequently triggered ERK-mediated phosphorylation of c-Fos. Additionally, c-Fos was found to bind to the promoter of NANOG and phosphorylation of c-Fos at Ser 374 was required for its regulation of NANOG expression. NANOG ablation impaired c-Fos/p-c-Fos induced 5-FU resistance and stemness. Taken together, these findings revealed that TMPO-mediated phosphorylation of c-Fos conferred 5-FU resistance by regulating NANOG expression and promoting cell stemness in colon cancer cells. c-Fos could be as a therapeutic target for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Gui
- Public Experimental Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215153, China
| | - Youxiang Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated to Medical College of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Public Experimental Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Fangyu Ye
- Public Experimental Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- Public Experimental Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yingjian Hou
- Public Experimental Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Public Experimental Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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16
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Sun Y, Han L, Sun D. Comprehensive analysis of EML2 as a prognostic biomarker in colon cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2024; 17:1-12. [PMID: 38322176 PMCID: PMC10839246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 2 (EML2), a gene located on 19q13.32, is overexpressed in various cancers and has been identified as a prognostic factor. However, the function and carcinogenic mechanism of EML2 in colon cancer is yet to be explored. METHODS This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between EML2 expression and colon cancer using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The EML2 expression, including GSE33113 and GSE39923, was validated in colon cancer in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the feasibility of EML2 as a distinguishing factor from the area under the curve (AUC) scores. In addition, Cox regression and logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the factors linked to the prognosis of colon cancer. Moreover, the STRING tool was used to establish the EML2 binding protein network. The enrichment analysis cluster Profiler of the R package was utilized to investigate the function of EML2. The relationship between the immune infiltration and EML2 expression level in colon cancer was investigated by the R package Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and the single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) method in the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. RESULTS Pan-cancer data analysis revealed that EML2 expression was higher in most cancers, including colon cancer. This outcome was in line with the findings of the GEO database. The ROC curve demonstrated that EML2 can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for colon cancer (AUC = 0.738). High EML2 expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS; P = 0.004). Moreover, the results of the enrichment and immune infiltration analysis revealed that high EML2 expression correlated with regulation of the infiltration level of GTPase binding and some immune cell types like NK cells and NK CD56 bright cells. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that colon cancer tissues had a higher EML2 expression than normal colon epithelial tissues. This phenomenon was significantly associated with poor prognosis and altered immune cell infiltration. Consequently, EML2 has shown the capacity to serve as a prognostic biomarker for patients diagnosed with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Armed Police Corps Hospital of Anhui Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Armed Police Corps Hospital of Anhui Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dengqun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Armed Police Corps Hospital of Anhui Hefei, Anhui, China
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17
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Omran MM, Fouda MS, Mekkawy SA, Tabll AA, Abdelaziz AG, Omran AM, Emran TM. Molecular Biomarkers and Signaling Pathways of Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241254061. [PMID: 38794896 PMCID: PMC11128179 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241254061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently found cancer in the world, and it is frequently discovered when it is already far along in its development. About 20% of cases of CRC are metastatic and incurable. There is more and more evidence that colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs), which are in charge of tumor growth, recurrence, and resistance to treatment, are what make CRC so different. Because we know more about stem cell biology, we quickly learned about the molecular processes and possible cross-talk between signaling pathways that affect the balance of cells in the gut and cancer. Wnt, Notch, TGF-β, and Hedgehog are examples of signaling pathway members whose genes may change to produce CCSCs. These genes control self-renewal and pluripotency in SCs and then decide the function and phenotype of CCSCs. However, in terms of their ability to create tumors and susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drugs, CSCs differ from normal stem cells and the bulk of tumor cells. This may be the reason for the higher rate of cancer recurrence in patients who underwent both surgery and chemotherapy treatment. Scientists have found that a group of uncontrolled miRNAs related to CCSCs affect stemness properties. These miRNAs control CCSC functions like changing the expression of cell cycle genes, metastasis, and drug resistance mechanisms. CCSC-related miRNAs mostly control signal pathways that are known to be important for CCSC biology. The biomarkers (CD markers and miRNA) for CCSCs and their diagnostic roles are the main topics of this review study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Omran
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar S. Fouda
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A. Mekkawy
- Molecular Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. Tabll
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed G. Abdelaziz
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza M. Omran
- Clinical Pharma Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Tarek M. Emran
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt
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18
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Zhong C, Wang G, Guo M, Zhu N, Chen X, Yan Y, Li N, Yu W. The Role of Tumor Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer Drug Resistance. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241274196. [PMID: 39215442 PMCID: PMC11367616 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241274196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of mortality among the prevalent malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Although chemotherapy is a standard treatment for colorectal cancer, its efficacy is limited by chemoresistance. Recent studies have investigated targeting tumor stem cells as a potential new therapeutic approach for addressing chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer frequently relapses, with tumor stem cells often representing one of the leading causes of treatment failure. Purpose: Understanding drug resistance in colorectal cancer stem cells is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. By focusing on developing targeted therapies that specifically address drug resistance in colorectal cancer stem cells, there is potential to make significant advancements in the treatment of colorectal cancer.This approach may lead to more effective and lasting outcomes in patients battling colorectal cancer. Research Design: In this review, a comprehensive overview of recent research on colorectal cancer stem cell treatment resistance is presented.Results: Elucidating the key underlying mechanisms. This review also highlights the potential benefits of targeted therapies in overcoming colorectal cancer resistance to treatment. Conclusions: CCSCs are key players in drug resistance of CRC, indicating their potential as targets for effective therapy. Elucidating their role in this process could aid in discovering tailored treatment strategies.The significance of signaling pathways, TME, and miRNA in regulating drug resistance in CCSCs is been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhong
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Guojuan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Guo
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Naicheng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiudan Chen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuwei Yan
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Nanxin Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenyan Yu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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19
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Thapa R, Gupta G, Bhat AA, Almalki WH, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Saleem S, Khan R, Altwaijry N, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K. A review of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibitors for cancers therapies. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127375. [PMID: 37839597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The intricate molecular pathways governing cancer development and progression have spurred intensive investigations into novel therapeutic targets. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3), a complex serine/threonine kinase, has emerged as a key player with intricate roles in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Harnessing GSK3 inhibitors as potential candidates for cancer therapy has garnered significant interest due to their ability to modulate key signalling pathways that drive oncogenesis. The review encompasses a thorough examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying GSK3's involvement in cancer progression, shedding light on its interaction with critical pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB. Through these interactions, GSK3 exerts influence over tumour growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis, rendering it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The discussion includes preclinical and clinical studies, showcasing the inhibitors efficacy across a spectrum of cancer types, including pancreatic, ovarian, lung, and other malignancies. Insights from recent studies highlight the potential synergistic effects of combining GSK3 inhibitors with conventional chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies, opening avenues for innovative combinatorial approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research surrounding GSK3 inhibitors as promising agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Saleem
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaiyah Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year for the Health Colleges, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Altwaijry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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20
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Han M, Sun H, Zhou Q, Liu J, Hu J, Yuan W, Sun Z. Effects of RNA methylation on Tumor angiogenesis and cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:198. [PMID: 38053093 PMCID: PMC10698974 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays vital roles in the growth and metastasis of cancer. RNA methylation is one of the most common modifications and is widely observed in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Accumulating studies have revealed that RNA methylation affects the occurrence and development of various tumors. In recent years, RNA methylation has been shown to play an important role in regulating tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we mainly elucidate the mechanisms and functions of RNA methylation on angiogenesis and progression in several cancers. We then shed light on the role of RNA methylation-associated factors and pathways in tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we describe the role of RNA methylation as potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Junhong Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Henan Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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21
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Chang Y, Chen L, Tang J, Chen G, Ji J, Xu M. USP7-mediated JUND suppresses RCAN2 transcription and elevates NFATC1 to enhance stem cell property in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:3121-3140. [PMID: 37535148 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) encompass a subset of highly aggressive tumor cells that are involved in tumor initiation and progression. This study investigates the function of regulator of calcineurin 2 (RCAN2) in the stem cell property in colorectal cancer (CRC). By analyzing four GEO datasets, we obtained RCAN2 as a stemness-related gene in CRC. RCAN2 was poorly expressed in CRC tissues and cells, especially in CSCs. RCAN2 restoration reduced calcineurin activity and promoted phosphorylation and degradation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATC1) protein, leading to reduced stemness of CSCs. JunD proto-oncogene (JUND), whose protein level was increased in CRC samples and CRC stem cells, bound to RCAN2 and suppressed its transcription. The abundant ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (USP7) in CSCs enhanced JUND protein stability through deubiquitination modification. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of USP7 or JUND also blocked the calcineurin-NFATC1 signaling and reduced the protein levels of stemness-related proteins. Moreover, the USP7 knockdown weakened the colony/sphere formation ability as well as the tumorigenicity of CSCs, and it reduced the CSC content in xenograft tumors. However, further restoration of JUND rescued the stemness of the CSCs. Overall, this study demonstrates that USP7-mediated JUND suppresses RCAN2 transcription and activates NFATC1 to enhance stem cell property in CRC. 1. RCAN2 is poorly expressed in CRC tissues and cells and especially in CSCs. 2. RCAN2 reduces stemness of CSCs by blocking calcineurin-NFATC1 signal transduction. 3. JUND binds to RCAN2 promoter to suppresses RCAN2 transcription. 4. USP7 enhances JUND protein stability via deubiquitination modification. 5. Downregulation of USP7 or JUND restores RCAN2 level and suppresses stemness of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490, Chuanhuan South Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201299, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490, Chuanhuan South Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201299, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490, Chuanhuan South Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201299, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490, Chuanhuan South Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201299, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieru Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490, Chuanhuan South Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201299, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490, Chuanhuan South Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201299, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Jalil AT, Abdulhadi MA, Al Jawadri AMH, Talib HA, Al-Azzawi AKJ, Zabibah RS, Ali A. Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Targeted Immunotherapies. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:1046-1057. [PMID: 37247115 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancers are composed of heterogeneous cell populations in the concepts of genetic and functional degrees that among them cancer stem cells are identified with their self-renewal and stemness capability mediating primary tumorigenesis, metastasize, therapeutic resistance, and tumor recurrence. Therefore, understanding the key mechanisms of stemness in colorectal cancer stem cells (CRCSCs) provides opportunities to discover new treatments or improve existing therapeutic regimens. METHODS We review the biological significance of stemness and the results of potential CRCSC-based targeted immunotherapies. Then, we pointed out the barriers to targeting CRCSCs in vivo and highlight new strategies based on synthetic and biogenic nanocarriers for the development of future anti-CRCSC trials. RESULTS The CSCs' surface markers, antigens, neoantigens, and signaling pathways supportive CRCSCs or immune cells that are interacted with CRCSCs could be targeted by immune monotherapy or in formulation with developed nanocarriers to overcome the resistant mechanisms in immune evader CRCSCs. CONCLUSION Identification molecular and cellular cues supporting stemness in CRCSCs and their targeting by nanoimmunotherpy can improve the efficacy of existed therapies or explore novel therapeutic options in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | | | | | - Hayder Abdullah Talib
- College of Agriculture, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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23
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Bhat AA, Goyal A, Thapa R, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Singh M, Rohilla S, Saini TK, Kukreti N, Meenakshi DU, Fuloria NK, Sekar M, Gupta G. Uncovering the complex role of interferon-gamma in suppressing type 2 immunity to cancer. Cytokine 2023; 171:156376. [PMID: 37748333 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer involves cells' abnormal growth and ability to invade or metastasize to different body parts. Cancerous cells can divide uncontrollably and spread to other areas through the lymphatic or circulatory systems. Tumors form when malignant cells clump together in an uncontrolled manner. In this context, the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is crucial in regulating immunological responses, particularly malignancy. While IFN-γ is well-known for its potent anti-tumor effects by activating type 1 immunity, recent research has revealed its ability to suppress type 2 immunity, associated with allergy and inflammatory responses. This review aims to elucidate the intricate function of IFN-γ in inhibiting type 2 immune responses to cancer. We explore how IFN-γ influences the development and function of immune cells involved in type 2 immunity, such as mast cells, eosinophils, and T-helper 2 (Th2) cells. Additionally, we investigate the impact of IFN-mediated reduction of type 2 immunity on tumor development, metastasis, and the response to immunotherapeutic interventions. To develop successful cancer immunotherapies, it is crucial to comprehend the complex interplay between type 2 and type 1 immune response and the regulatory role of IFN-γ. This understanding holds tremendous promise for the development of innovative treatment approaches that harness the abilities of both immune response types to combat cancer. However, unraveling the intricate interplay between IFN-γ and type 2 immunity in the tumor microenvironment will be essential for achieving this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, U. P., India
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahaveer Singh
- Swami Keshvanand Institute of Pharmacy (SKIP), Raiser, Bikaner, 334022, India
| | - Suman Rohilla
- SGT College of Pharmacy, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, 122505, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Saini
- Dept. Of Neurosurgery ICU, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi (Govt. Of NCT Of Delhi), New Delhi, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | | | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India.
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24
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Singh I, Das R, Kumar A. Network pharmacology-based anti-colorectal cancer activity of piperlonguminine in the ethanolic root extract of Piper longum L. Med Oncol 2023; 40:320. [PMID: 37796360 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the second highest incidence and fatality rates of any malignancy, at 10.2 and 9.2%, respectively. Plants and plants-based products for thousands of years have been utilized to treat cancer along with other associated health issues. Alkaloids are a valuable class of chemical compounds with great potential as new medicine possibilities. Piper longum Linn contains various types of alkaloids. In this research, the ethanolic root extract of P. longum (EREPL) is the subject of study based on network pharmacology. Two alkaloids were chosen from the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. However, only piperlonguminine received preference because it adhered to Lipinski's rule and depicted no toxicity. Web tools which are available online, like, Swiss ADME, pkCSMand ProTox-II were used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and physiochemical properties of piperlonguminine. The database that SwissTargetPrediction and TCMSP maintain contains the targets for piperlonguminine. Using DisGeNET, GeneCards and Open Targets Platform databases, we were able to identify targets of CRC. The top four hub genes identified by Cytoscape are SRC, MTOR, EZH2, and MAPK3. The participation of hub genes in colorectal cancer-related pathways was examined using the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. The colorectal cancer pathway, the ErbB signaling pathway and the mTOR signaling pathway emerged to be important. Our findings show that the hub genes are involved in the aforementioned pathways for tumor growth, which calls for their downregulation. Additionally, piperlonguminine has the potential to become a successful medicine in the future for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, G.T. Road, Mandhana, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209217, India
| | - Richa Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Science, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, G.T. Road, Mandhana, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209217, India.
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25
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Singh AK, Prajapati KS, Kumar S. Hesperidin potentially interacts with the catalytic site of gamma-secretase and modifies notch sensitive genes and cancer stemness marker expression in colon cancer cells and colonosphere. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8432-8444. [PMID: 36239003 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2134213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Gamma secretase (GS) produces Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD) by trans-membrane cleavage of notch receptor. The NICD enters the nucleus and activates the notch signaling pathway (NSP) by activating notch-responsive gene transcription. Hyperactivation of NSP is related to cancer aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and poor therapy outcome, and decreased overall disease-free survival in patients. Till date, none of the GS inhibitors (GSI) has been clinically approved due to their toxicity in patients. Thus in the present study, we explored the GS catalytic site binding potential of hesperidin (natural flavone glycoside) and its effect on notch responsive gene expression in HCT-116 cells. Molecular docking, MM-GBSA binding energy calculations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation experiments were performed to study the GS catalytic site binding potential of hesperidin. The compound showed better GS catalytic site binding potential at the active site compared to experimentally validated GSI, N-N-(3, 5-Difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT) in molecular docking and MM-GBSA experiments. MD simulation results showed that hesperidin forms stable and energetically favorable complex with gamma secretase in comparison to standard inhibitor (DAPT)-GS complex. Further, in vitro experiments showed that hesperidin inhibited cell growth and sphere formation potential in HCT-116 cells. Further, hesperidin treatment altered notch responsive genes (Hes1, Hey1, and E-cad) and cancer stemness/self-renewal markers expression at transcription levels. In conclusion, hesperidin produces toxicity in HCT-116 cells and decreases colonosphere formation by inhibiting transcription of notch signaling pathway target genes and stemness markers.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar Singh
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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26
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Bakand A, Moghaddam SV, Naseroleslami M, André H, Mousavi-Niri N, Alizadeh E. Efficient targeting of HIF-1α mediated by YC-1 and PX-12 encapsulated niosomes: potential application in colon cancer therapy. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:58. [PMID: 37749603 PMCID: PMC10521571 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of molecular biofactors have been documented in pathogenesis and poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Among them, the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF-1a) is frequently reported to become over-expressed, and its targeting could restrict and control a variety of essential hallmarks of CRC. Niosomes are innovative drug delivery vehicles with the encapsulating capacity for co-loading both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs at the same time. Also, they can enhance the local accumulation while minimizing the dose and side effects of drugs. YC-1 and PX-12 are two inhibitors of HIF-1a. The purpose of this work was to synthesize dual-loaded YC-1 and PX-12 niosomes to efficiently target HIF-1α in CRC, HT-29 cells. The niosomes were prepared by the thin-film hydration method, then the niosomal formulation of YC-1 and PX-12 (NIO/PX-YC) was developed and optimized by the central composition method (CCD) using the Box-Behnken design in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficiency (EE). Also, they are characterized by DLS, FESEM, and TEM microscopy, as well as FTIR spectroscopy. Additionally, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release kinetics, and stability were assessed. Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle studies were performed after the treatment of HT-29 cells with NIO/PX-YC. The expression of HIF-1αat both mRNA and protein levels were studied after NIO/PX-YC treatment. The prepared NIO/PX-YC showed a mean particle size of 185 nm with a zeta potential of about-7.10 mv and a spherical morphology. Also, PX-12 and YC-1 represented the entrapment efficiency of about %78 and %91, respectively, with a sustainable and controllable release. The greater effect of NIO/PX-YC than the free state of PX-YC on the cell survival rate, cell apoptosis, and HIF-1α gene/protein expression were detected (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dual loading of niosomes with YC-1 and PX-12 enhanced the effect of drugs on HIF-1α inhibition, thus boosting their anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Bakand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevil Vaghefi Moghaddam
- Clinical Research Development, Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helder André
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institute, 11282, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neda Mousavi-Niri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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27
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Jiang Y, Tang Y. SALL4 advances the proliferation and tumor cell stemness of colon cancer cells through the transcription and regulation of ROBO2. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 43:249-263. [PMID: 37660281 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2023.2253279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
SALL4 is a transcription factor highly expressed in diverse cancers and is implicated in the development of cancer. SALL4 has been implied to play a cancer-promoting role in colon cancer (CC), but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase assay were conducted to verify the binding relationship of SALL4 and ROBO2. qRT-PCR detected the mRNA expression levels of SALL4 and ROBO2, and the flow cytometry analyzed the cell cycle distribution. Western blot examined SALL4 expression, and cell cycle/cell stemness-related proteins. The impact of SALL4 and ROBO2 on the proliferation capacity of cells and tumor cell stemness was elucidated by MTT, colony formation, and sphere-forming assays. SALL4 and ROBO2 were up-regulated in CC, and SALL4 could activate the transcription of ROBO2. Down-regulated SALL4 was able to significantly restrain the proliferation capacity of CC cells and arrest the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase by repressing the expression of cyclin B, cyclin E, and cyclin D1. Besides, the rescue assay results indicated that up-regulated ROBO2 could reverse the repressive impact of down-regulated SALL4 on the proliferation of CC cells and accelerate the progression of the cell cycle, thus promoting the sphere-forming of tumor stem cells. SALL4 advanced the proliferation of CC and cell stemness through direct activation of ROBO2 expression, implied the novel mechanism of SALL4 in CC, and pointed out that SALL4/ROBO2 axis was likely to be a potential target for clinical treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhao Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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28
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Wang Y, Yang Z, Zhu W, Chen Y, He X, Li J, Han Z, Yang Y, Liu W, Zhang K. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited stem cell-like properties and enhanced oxaliplatin sensitivity of colorectal cancer via AKT/mTOR signaling. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:988-998. [PMID: 37132439 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor with high morbidity and mortality. The use of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) as a first-line treatment for CRC is limited due to chemoresistance. Growing evidence have revealed that the existence of cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) is one of the important reasons for drug resistance and recurrence of cancers. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, has showed anticancer effects on a variety of malignancies, in addition to its antimalarial effects. However, the effect and mechanism of DHA on CSLCs and chemosensitivity in CRC cells remains unclear. In this study, we found that DHA inhibited cell viability in HCT116 and SW620 cells. Moreover, DHA decreased cell clonogenicity, and improved L-OHP sensitivity. Furthermore, DHA treatment attenuated tumor sphere formation, and the expressions of stem cell surface marker (CD133 and CD44) and stemness-associated transcription factor (Nanog, c-Myc, and OCT4). Mechanistically, the present findings showed that DHA inhibited of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The activation of AKT/mTOR signaling reversed DHA-decreased cell viability, clonogenicity, L-OHP resistance, tumor sphere, and expressions of stemness-associated protein in CRC. The inhibitory effect of DHA on tumorigenicity of CRC cells has also been demonstrated in BALB/c nude mice. In conclusion, this study revealed that DHA inhibited CSLCs properties in CRC via AKT/mTOR signaling, suggesting that DHA may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Pathology Department, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
| | - Wanglong Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhuo Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingqiang He
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaofeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyu Han
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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29
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Suman S, Hota SK, Misra P, Sahu N, Sahu S. Immunohistochemical Expression of the Stem Cell Marker CD133 in Colorectal Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e41242. [PMID: 37529823 PMCID: PMC10387822 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite the combined (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy) modalities of treatment, the prognosis remains poor, mostly because of recurrence and distant metastasis. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are thought to be responsible for the development and spread of tumors. Hence, targeted therapy against these cells hopes to reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasis and improve the prognosis. Many immune markers have been identified to detect CSC in CRC. Here, we tried to assess the immunohistochemical expression of the stem cell marker CD133 in colorectal carcinoma and its correlation with various pathological parameters. Methodology A total of 51 cases of CRC were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry for CD133 was done after standardization in our laboratory. Expression status was decided based on the total score obtained by multiplying the intensity score by the percentage score. CD133 expression was correlated with the age and gender of the patient, tumor location, histological grade, extent of invasion, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), and nodal status. Results High CD133 expression was seen in 21 (41.17%) cases. There was no significant association between CD133 expression and the pathological parameters except the tumor site. CD133 expression was significantly higher as we moved from the proximal colon to the rectum. Conclusions CD133 expression was significantly higher in the distal part of the large intestine as compared to the proximal part. But there was no linear correlation between CD133 expression and histological grade, extent of invasion, or nodal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Suman
- Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | | | - Pranati Misra
- Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Nageswar Sahu
- Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Subrat Sahu
- Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
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30
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Zhang T, Liu Z, Lin Q. Clinical effect and safety of targeted therapy combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced colon cancer. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:1074-1079. [PMID: 37492316 PMCID: PMC10364270 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.4.7105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced colon cancer. Methods This is a retrospective study. The subjects of this study were 120 patients with advanced colon cancer who were admitted to The No.2 Hospital of Baoding from November 30, 2019 to November 30, 2021. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 60 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given F0LF0X4 regimen, while those in the study group were provided with Bevacizumab therapy on the basis of the method in the control group. All patients were evaluated after two cycles of treatment. The comparison of outcome measures included the curative effects, adverse drug reactions, improvement of quality-of-life scores and changes in tumor markers between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups. After treatment, the study group had a significantly higher rate of improved quality of life score, while the obviously lower rate of the aggravated score than those in the control group. The levels of CEA, CA19-9 and CA125 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment. Conclusion Targeted therapy combined with chemotherapy is a safe and effective therapeutic option that has a definite curative effect in the treatment of patients with advanced colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Tao Zhang, Department of General Surgery, The No.2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding 071051, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Zhi Liu, Department of General Surgery, The No.2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding 071051, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Qian Lin
- Qian Lin, Department of Nursing, The No.2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding 071051, Hebei, P.R. China
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31
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Ponomarev AS, Gilazieva ZE, Solovyova VV, Rizvanov AA. Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Cell Stemness Modulation during Formation of Spheroids. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:979-994. [PMID: 37751868 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923070106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), their properties and interaction with microenvironment are of interest in modern medicine and biology. There are many studies on the emergence of CSCs and their involvement in tumor pathogenesis. The most important property inherent to CSCs is their stemness. Stemness combines ability of the cell to maintain its pluripotency, give rise to differentiated cells, and interact with environment to maintain a balance between dormancy, proliferation, and regeneration. While adult stem cells exhibit these properties by participating in tissue homeostasis, CSCs behave as their malignant equivalents. High tumor resistance to therapy, ability to differentiate, activate angiogenesis and metastasis arise precisely due to the stemness of CSCs. These cells can be used as a target for therapy of different types of cancer. Laboratory models are needed to study cancer biology and find new therapeutic strategies. A promising direction is three-dimensional tumor models or spheroids. Such models exhibit properties resembling stemness in a natural tumor. By modifying spheroids, it becomes possible to investigate the effect of therapy on CSCs, thus contributing to the development of anti-tumor drug test systems. The review examines the niche of CSCs, the possibility of their study using three-dimensional spheroids, and existing markers for assessing stemness of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei S Ponomarev
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Russia
| | - Zarema E Gilazieva
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Russia
| | - Valeriya V Solovyova
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Russia
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Russia.
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Liu W, Xie A, Xiong J, Li S, Yang L, Liu W. WDR3 promotes stem cell-like properties in prostate cancer by inhibiting USF2-mediated transcription of RASSF1A. J Gene Med 2023; 25:e3498. [PMID: 36905106 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND WD repeat domain 3 (WDR3) is involved in tumor growth and proliferation, but its role in the pathological mechanism of prostate cancer (PCa) is still unclear. METHODS WDR3 gene expression levels were obtained by analyzing databases and our clinical specimens. The expression levels of genes and proteins were determined by a real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Cell-counting kit-8 assays were used to measure the proliferation of PCa cells. Cell transfection was used to investigate the role of WDR3 and USF2 in PCa. Fluorescence reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect USF2 binding to the promoter region of RASSF1A. Mouse experiments were used to confirm the mechanism in vivo. RESULTS By analyzing the database and our clinical specimens, we found that WDR3 expression was significantly increased in PCa tissues. Overexpression of WDR3 enhanced PCa cell proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis rate, increased spherical cell number and increased indicators of stem cell-like properties. However, these effects were reversed by WDR3 knockdown. WDR3 was negatively correlated with USF2, which was degraded by promoting ubiquitination of USF2, and USF2 interacted with promoter region-binding elements of RASSF1A to depress PCa stemness and growth. In vivo studies showed that WDR3 knockdown reduced tumor size and weight, reduced cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS WDR3 ubiquitinated USF2 and inhibited its stability, whereas USF2 interacted with promoter region-binding elements of RASSF1A. USF2 transcriptionally activated RASSF1A, which inhibited the carcinogenic effect of WDR3 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hexian Memorial Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - An Xie
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Słoka J, Madej M, Strzalka-Mrozik B. Molecular Mechanisms of the Antitumor Effects of Mesalazine and Its Preventive Potential in Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:5081. [PMID: 37446747 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention is one of the ways to fight colorectal cancer, which is a huge challenge in oncology. Numerous pieces of evidence indicate that chronic inflammation in the course of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (UC) is a significant cancer risk factor. Epidemiologic studies suggest that long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including mesalazine, has beneficial effects on colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Mesalazine is a first-line therapy for UC and is also widely used for maintaining remission in UC. Data showed that mesalazine has antiproliferative properties associated with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition but can also act through COX-independent pathways. This review summarizes knowledge about mesalazine's molecular mechanisms of action and chemopreventive effect by which it could interfere with colorectal cancer cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Słoka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcel Madej
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Strzalka-Mrozik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Chen P, Li Z, Liang Y, Wei M, Jiang H, Chen S, Zhao Z. Identification of Hypoxia-Associated Signature in Colon Cancer to Assess Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predict Prognosis Based on 14 Hypoxia-Associated Genes. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2503-2518. [PMID: 37346810 PMCID: PMC10281280 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s407005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colon cancer is the main malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Hypoxia is highly related to the occurrence, progression and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of cancer. The aim of this study was to identify a hypoxia-associated signature with high accuracy for predicting the prognosis and TIME of colon cancer. Methods Download colon cancer data from the GEO and TCGA databases. A novel hypoxia risk model was identified to predict the prognosis of colon cancer patients. Subsequently, GSEA, TIME and mutation analysis were performed in the hypoxia high and low risk score groups. Finally, the signature gene ANKZF1 was selected for functional verification at the cellular level. Results A novel hypoxia risk model was identified. The risk score was significantly associated with poorer overall survival in colon cancer, and could be used as an independent prognostic factor for colon cancer. GSEA analysis found that the processes related to stimulate tumor proliferation and anti-apoptosis were significantly enriched in the hypoxia high risk score group. The expression of immunosuppressive cells and most immune checkpoints in the high risk score group was significantly higher than that in the low risk score group. In vitro cell experiments showed that knockdown the expression of ANKZF1 could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. Conclusion Hypoxia plays an important role in evaluating the TIME and predicting the prognosis of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
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Chang YF, Wang HH, Shu CW, Tsai WL, Lee CH, Chen CL, Liu PF. TMEM211 Promotes Tumor Progression and Metastasis in Colon Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4529-4543. [PMID: 37367036 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third most important cancer type, leading to a remarkable number of deaths, indicating the necessity of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colon cancer patients. Several transmembrane proteins (TMEMs) are associated with tumor progression and cancer malignancy. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of TMEM211 in cancer, especially in colon cancer, are still unknown. In this study, we found that TMEM211 was highly expressed in tumor tissues and the increased TMEM211 was associated with poor prognosis in colon cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We also showed that abilities regarding migration and invasion were reduced in TMEM211-silenced colon cancer cells (HCT116 and DLD-1). Moreover, TMEM211-silenced colon cancer cells showed decreased levels of Twist1, N-cadherin, Snail and Slug but increased levels of E-cadherin. Levels of phosphorylated ERK, AKT and RelA (NF-κB p65) were also decreased in TMEM211-silenced colon cancer cells. Our findings indicate that TMEM211 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition for metastasis through coactivating the ERK, AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways, which might provide a potential prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target for colon cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Translational Research Center of Neuromuscular Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hsang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Chang H, Sun W, Zhao Y, Sun T, Zhao Z. Targeting Pokemon is a novel strategy to suppress cancer aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer: Identification of Pokemon as ideal target for developing anti-NSCLC drugs. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 742:109637. [PMID: 37182800 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Although it is widely reported that Pokemon acts as an oncogene in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers, but its role and detailed molecular mechanisms in regulating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression have not been fully delineated. Here, by performing Real-Time qPCR analysis, we verified that Pokemon was high-expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells, compared to the corresponding normal lung tissues and epithelial cells. Then, the small interfering RNA (siRNA) for Pokemon was transfected into the NSCLC cells to verify its biological functions, and our results suggested that silencing of Pokemon suppressed the malignant phenotypes, including cell viability, mitosis, colony formation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mobility and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we confirmed that knockdown of Pokemon decreased the expression levels of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) and Snail to inactivate the oncogenic Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signal pathway, and deletion of Snail also had similar effects to hamper the development of NSCLC. Next, our rescuing experiments validated that Pokemon ablation-induced suppressing effects on NSCLC cell malignancy were all abrogated by overexpressing Snail. Finally, the in vivo experiments confirmed that silencing of Pokemon downregulated Snail to hamper tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells in xenograft tumor-bearing mice models. Taken together, we firstly uncovered the underlying mechanisms by which the Pokemon/Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signal pathway contributed to the development of NSCLC, and this signal pathway could be potentially used as therapeutic targets for the development of personalized anti-NSCLC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Tianhao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Zhihong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Huang F, Wang Z, Zhu L, Lin C, Wang JX. Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression, Prognostic Value, and Immune Infiltration Activities of GABRD in Colon Adenocarcinoma. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:8709458. [PMID: 37181811 PMCID: PMC10169248 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8709458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the tumors with the highest mortality rates. It is of the utmost significance to make an accurate prognostic assessment and to tailor one's treatment to the specific needs of the patient. Multiple lines of evidence point to the possibility that genetic variables and clinicopathological traits are connected to the onset and development of cancer. In the past, a number of studies have revealed that gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit delta (GABRD) plays a role in the advancement of a number of different cancers. However, its function in COAD was rarely reported. In this study, we analyzed TCGA datasets and identified 29 survival-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COAD patients. In particular, GABRD expression was noticeably elevated in COAD specimens. There was a correlation between high GABRD expression and an advanced clinical stage. According to the results of the survival tests, patients whose GABRD expression was high had a lower overall survival time and progression-free survival time than those whose GABRD expression was low. GABRD expression was found to be an independent predictive predictor for overall survival, as determined by multivariate COX regression analysis. Additionally, the predictive nomogram model can accurately predict the fate of individuals with COAD. In addition, we observed that GABRD expressions were positively associated with the expression of T cells regulatory (Tregs), macrophages M0, while negatively associated with the expression of T cells CD8, T cells follicular helper, macrophages M1, dendritic cells activated, eosinophils, and T cells CD4 memory activated. The IC50 of BI-2536, bleomycin, embelin, FR-180204, GW843682X, LY317615, NSC-207895, rTRAIL, and VX-11e was higher in the GABRD high-expression group. In conclusion, we have shown evidence that GABRD is a novel biomarker that is connected with immune cell infiltration in COAD and may be utilized to predict the prognosis of COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakun Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | | | - Liyue Zhu
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | | | - Jia-xing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
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Wang MY, Wang XW, Zhao WX, Li Y, Cai ML, Wang KX, Xi XM, Zhao C, Zhou HM, Shao RG, Xia GM, Zhang YF, Zhao WL. Enhanced binding of β-catenin and β-TrCP mediates LMPt's anti-CSCs activity in colorectal cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115577. [PMID: 37137416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of tumor cells with the features of self-renewal, tumor initiation, and insensitivity to common physical and chemical agents, are the key to cancer relapses, metastasis, and resistance. Accessible CSCs inhibitory strategies are primarily based on small molecule drugs, yet toxicity limits their application. Here, we report a liposome loaded with low toxicity and high effectiveness of miriplatin, lipo-miriplatin (LMPt) with high miriplatin loading, and robust stability, exhibiting a superior inhibitory effect on CSCs and non-CSCs. LMPt predominantly inhibits the survival of oxaliplatin-resistant (OXA-resistant) cells composed of CSCs. Furthermore, LMPt directly blocks stemness features of self-renewal, tumor initiation, unlimited proliferation, metastasis, and insensitivity. In mechanistic exploration, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed that LMPt downregulates the levels of pro-stemness proteins and that the β-catenin-mediated stemness pathway is enriched. Further research shows that either in adherent cells or 3D-spheres, the β-catenin-OCT4/NANOG axis, the vital pathway to maintain stemness, is depressed by LMPt. The consecutive activation of the β-catenin pathway induced by mutant β-catenin (S33Y) and OCT4/NANOG overexpression restores LMPt's anti-CSCs effect, elucidating the key role of the β-catenin-OCT4/NANOG axis. Further studies revealed that the strengthened binding of β-catenin and β-TrCP initiates ubiquitination and degradation of β-catenin induced by LMPt. In addition,the ApcMin/+transgenicmouse model, in which colon tumors are spontaneously formed, demonstrates LMPt's potent anti-non-CSCs activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yan Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xia Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Lian Cai
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Xin Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xi
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Guang Shao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.
| | - Gui-Min Xia
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.
| | - Ye-Fan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery/National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Wu-Li Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Tiantanxili #1, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.
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Zhang H, Xie L, Zhang N, Qi X, Lu T, Xing J, Akhtar MF, Li L, Liu G. Donkey Oil-Based Ketogenic Diet Prevents Tumor Progression by Regulating Intratumor Inflammation, Metastasis and Angiogenesis in CT26 Tumor-Bearing Mice. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051024. [PMID: 37239383 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the typical malignant tumors, and its prevalence has increased yearly. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a low-carbohydrate and high-fat dietary regimen that inhibits tumor growth. Donkey oil (DO) is a product with a high nutrient content and a high bioavailability of unsaturated fatty acids. Current research investigated the impact of the DO-based KD (DOKD) on CT26 colon cancer in vivo. Our findings revealed that DOKD administration significantly lowered CT26+ tumor cell growth in mice, and the blood β-hydroxybutyrate levels in the DOKD group was significantly higher than those in the natural diet group. Western blot results showed that DOKD significantly down-regulated Src, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), extracellular signal-related kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2), snail, neural cadherin (N-cadherin), vimentin, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and it significantly up-regulated the expressions of Sirt3, S100a9, interleukin (IL)-17, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Meanwhile, in vitro validation results showed that LW6 (a HIF-1α inhibitor) significantly down-regulated the expressions of HIF-1α, N-cadherin, vimentin, MMP9, and VEGFA, which supported those of the in vivo findings. Furthermore, we found that DOKD inhibited CT26+ tumor cell growth by regulating inflammation, metastasis, and angiogenesis by activating the IL-17/TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway and inhibiting the activation of the Src/HIF-1α/Erk1/2/Snail/N-cadherin/Vimentin/MMP9 and Erk1/2/HIF-1α/STAT3/VEGFA pathways. Our findings suggest that DOKD may suppress colon cancer progression and help prevent colon cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachen Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Lan Xie
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xingzhen Qi
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Ting Lu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jingya Xing
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Akhtar
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Lanjie Li
- Office of International Programs, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Guiqin Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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Park SM, Jee W, Park YR, Kim H, Na YC, Jung JH, Jang HJ. Euonymus sachalinensis Induces Apoptosis by Inhibiting the Expression of c-Myc in Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083473. [PMID: 37110707 PMCID: PMC10140968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that Euonymus sachalinensis (ES) induces apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of c-Myc in colon cancer cells, and this study proved that the methanol extract of ES has anticancer effects in colon cancer cells. ES belongs to the Celastraceae family and is well known for its medicinal properties. Extracts of species belonging to this family have been used to treat diverse diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, chronic nephritis, allergic conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and asthma. However, ES has been targeted because there are currently few studies on the efficacy of ES for various diseases, including cancer. ES lowers cell viability in colon cancer cells and reduces the expression of c-Myc protein. We confirm that the protein level of apoptotic factors such as PARP and Caspase 3 decrease when ES is treated with Western blot, and confirm that DNA fragments occur through TUNEL assay. In addition, it is confirmed that the protein level of oncogenes CNOT2 and MID1IP1 decrease when ES is treated. We have also found that ES enhances the chemo-sensitivity of 5-FU in 5-FU-resistant cells. Therefore, we confirm that ES has anticancer effects by inducing apoptotic cell death and regulating the oncogenes CNOT2 and MID1IP1, suggesting its potential for use in the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Mi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Rin Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsuk Kim
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Cheol Na
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Kang KT, Shin MJ, Moon HJ, Choi KU, Suh DS, Kim JH. TRRAP Enhances Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics by Regulating NANOG Protein Stability in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076260. [PMID: 37047234 PMCID: PMC10094283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NANOG, a stemness-associated transcription factor, is highly expressed in many cancers and plays a critical role in regulating tumorigenicity. Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein (TRRAP) has been reported to stimulate the tumorigenic potential of cancer cells and induce the gene transcription of NANOG. This study aimed to investigate the role of the TRRAP-NANOG signaling pathway in the tumorigenicity of cancer stem cells. We found that TRRAP overexpression specifically increases NANOG protein stability by interfering with NANOG ubiquitination mediated by FBXW8, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Mapping of NANOG-binding sites using deletion mutants of TRRAP revealed that a domain of TRRAP (amino acids 1898–2400) is responsible for binding to NANOG and that the overexpression of this TRRAP domain abrogated the FBXW8-mediated ubiquitination of NANOG. TRRAP knockdown decreased the expression of CD44, a cancer stem cell marker, and increased the expression of P53, a tumor suppressor gene, in HCT-15 colon cancer cells. TRRAP depletion attenuated spheroid-forming ability and cisplatin resistance in HCT-15 cells, which could be rescued by NANOG overexpression. Furthermore, TRRAP knockdown significantly reduced tumor growth in a murine xenograft transplantation model, which could be reversed by NANOG overexpression. Together, these results suggest that TRRAP plays a pivotal role in the regulation of the tumorigenic potential of colon cancer cells by modulating NANOG protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Taek Kang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Joo Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ji Moon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Un Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8073; Fax: +82-51-510-8076
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Deng Z, Xu Y, Cai Y, Lin W, Zhang L, Jiang A, Zhou Y, Zhao R, Zhao H, Liu Z, Yan T. Inhibition of Ribosomal RNA Processing 15 Homolog (RRP15) Suppressed Tumor Growth, Invasion and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3528. [PMID: 36834940 PMCID: PMC9965612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ribosomal RNA processing 15 Homolog (RRP15) has been implicated in the occurrence of various cancers and is considered a potential target for cancer treatment, its significance in colon cancer (CC) is unclear. Thus, this present study aims to determine RRP15 expression and biological function in CC. The results demonstrated a strong expression of RRP15 in CC compared to normal colon specimens, which was correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients. Among the nine investigated CC cell lines, RRP15 demonstrated the highest and lowest expression in HCT15 and HCT116 cells, respectively. In vitro assays demonstrated that the knockdown of RRP15 inhibited the growth, colony-forming ability and invasive ability of the CC cells whereas its overexpression enhanced the above oncogenic function. Moreover, subcutaneous tumors in nude mice showed that RRP15 knockdown inhibited the CC growth while its overexpression enhanced their growth. Additionally, the knockdown of RRP15 inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas overexpression of RRP15 promoted the EMT process in CC. Collectively, inhibition of RRP15 suppressed tumor growth, invasion and EMT of CC, and might be considered a promising therapeutic target for treating CC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhaoguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Tingdong Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Zhu S, Yin J, Ye Q, Xiang J, Zhang Z, Yan B. Combined preoperative prognostic nutritional index and D-dimer score predicts outcome in colorectal cancer. BMC Surg 2023; 23:30. [PMID: 36750842 PMCID: PMC9903491 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-01925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and D-dimer (DD) levels represent useful prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, a combination of these indicators, namely, the PNI and DD score (PDS) was less addressed. METHODS A retrospective study with 183 patients after curative surgery was conducted. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups: PDS 0, decreased PNI and increased DD levels; PDS 1, decreased or increased PNI and DD levels; PDS 2, increased PNI and decreased DD levels. The differences in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared among these subgroups, and risk factors for outcome were determined. RESULTS A total of 56, 65 and 62 patients were assigned to the PDS 0, 1 and 2 subgroups, respectively. PDS was significant in predicting both the DFS (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.68, P < 0.001) and OS (AUC = 0.74, P < 0.001). PDS 0 patients were more likely to be associated with old age (P = 0.032), laparotomy (P < 0.001), elevated CEA (P = 0.001), T3 + T4 (P = 0.001) and advanced TNM stage (P = 0.031). PDS 0 patients had significantly inferior DFS (log rank = 18.35, P < 0.001) and OS (log rank = 28.34, P < 0.001) than PDS 1 or 2 patients. PDS was identified as an independent risk factor for both DFS (PDS 1: HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.30-1.00, P = 0.049; PDS 2: HR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.20-0.79, P = 0.009) and OS (PDS 1: HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.22-0.88, P = 0.020; PDS 2: HR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06-0.45, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The PDS is a useful prognostic indicator for CRC patients after curative surgery, and PDS 0 patients have inferior survival. Additional future studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Ye
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 80 of Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, Hainan 572000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 80 of Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, Hainan 572000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 80 of Jianglin Road, Haitang District, Sanya, Hainan, 572000, People's Republic of China.
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Feng X, Li Z, Guo W, Hu Y. The effects of traditional Chinese medicine and dietary compounds on digestive cancer immunotherapy and gut microbiota modulation: A review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1087755. [PMID: 36845103 PMCID: PMC9945322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1087755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract-related cancers account for four of the top ten high-risk cancers worldwide. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy, which exploits the innate immune system to attack tumors, has led to a paradigm shifts in cancer treatment. Gut microbiota modification has been widely used to regulate cancer immunotherapy. Dietary compounds and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can alter the gut microbiota and its influence on toxic metabolite production, such as the effect of iprindole on lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and involvement in various metabolic pathways that are closely associated with immune reactions. Therefore, it is an effective strategy to explore new immunotherapies for gastrointestinal cancer to clarify the immunoregulatory effects of different dietary compounds/TCMs on intestinal microbiota. In this review, we have summarized recent progress regarding the effects of dietary compounds/TCMs on gut microbiota and their metabolites, as well as the relationship between digestive cancer immunotherapy and gut microbiota. We hope that this review will act as reference, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical immunotherapy of digestive cancer via gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Feng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihong Guo, ; Yanfeng Hu,
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihong Guo, ; Yanfeng Hu,
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Zhou G, Lv X, Zhong X, Ying W, Li W, Feng Y, Xia Q, Li J, Jian S, Leng Z. Suspension culture strategies to enrich colon cancer stem cells. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:116. [PMID: 36844615 PMCID: PMC9950343 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
How to efficiently obtain high-purity cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been the basis of CSC research, but the optimal conditions for serum-free suspension culture of CSCs are still unclear. The present study aimed to define the optimal culture medium composition and culture time for the enrichment of colon CSCs via suspension culture. Suspension cell cultures of colon cancer DLD-1 cells were prepared using serum-free medium (SFM) containing variable concentrations of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to produce spheroids. Culture times were set at 10, 20 and 30 days. A total of nine different concentrations of EGF and bFGF were added to SFM to generate nine experimental groups. The proportions of CD44+, CD133+, and CD44+CD133+ double-positive spheroid cells were detected via flow cytometry. mRNA expression of stemness-, epithelial-mesenchymal transition- and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-associated genes was determined via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Self-renewal ability was evaluated by a sphere-forming assay. Tumorigenesis was studied in vitro using a colony formation assay and in vivo via subcutaneous cell injection in nude mice. It was found that the highest expression proportions of CD133+ and CD44+ spheroid cells were observed in group (G)9 (20 ng/ml EGF + 20 ng/ml bFGF) at 30 days (F=123.554 and 99.528, respectively, P<0.001), CD133+CD44+ cells were also observed in G9 at 30 days (and at 10 days in G3 and 20 days in G6; F=57.897, P<0.001). G9 at 30 days also displayed the highest expression of Krüppel-like factor 4, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5, CD44, CD133, Vimentin and Wnt-3a (F=22.682, 25.401, 3.272, 7.852, 13.331 and 17.445, respectively, P<0.001) and the lowest expression of E-cadherin (F=10.851, P<0.001). G9 at 30 days produced the highest yield of cell spheroids, as determined by a sphere forming assay (F=19.147, P<0.001); colony formation assays also exhibited the greatest number of colonies derived from G9 spheroids at 30 days (F=60.767, P<0.01), which also generated the largest mean tumor volume in the subcutaneous tumorigenesis xenograft model (F=12.539, P<0.01). In conclusion, 20 ng/ml EGF + 20 ng/ml bFGF effectively enriched colon CSCs when added to suspension culture for 30 days, and conferred the highest efficiency compared with other combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Lv
- Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ying
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Yanchao Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Jianshui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Shunhai Jian
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Professor Shunhai Jian, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Zhengwei Leng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Cancer Stem Cells Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Zhengwei Leng, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 234, Fujiang Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Clark AG, Bertrand FE, Sigounas G. A potential requirement for Smad3 phosphorylation in Notch-mediated EMT in colon cancer. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 88:100957. [PMID: 36739740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a challenging disease to treat due to several factors including stemness and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Dysfunctional signaling pathways such as Notch and TGF-β contribute to these phenomena. We previously found that cells expressing constitutively active Notch1 also had increased expression of Smad3, an important member of the TGF-β signaling pathway. We hypothesized that Smad3, mediates the Notch-induced stemness and EMT observed in CRC cells. The human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT-116, stably transduced with constitutively active Notch-1 (ICN) or a GFP-vector control was treated with different combinations of TGF-β1, DAPT (a Notch inhibitor), or SIS3 (a Smad3 inhibitor). Western blot analysis was performed to determine the effects of Smad3 stimulation and inhibition on Notch and potential downstream EMT-related targets, CD44, Slug and Snail. Smad3 inhibition induced a decrease in Notch1 and Notch3 receptor expression and effectively inhibited CD44, Slug, and Snail expression. Colosphere forming ability was also reduced in cells with inhibited Smad3. These results indicate a key role of TGF-β signaling in Notch1-induced tumorigenesis, and suggest a potential use for Smad3 inhibitors in combination with Notch1 inhibitors that are already in use for CRC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Clark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Fred E Bertrand
- Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - George Sigounas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
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Miao Z, Zhao X, Liu X. Hypoxia induced β-catenin lactylation promotes the cell proliferation and stemness of colorectal cancer through the wnt signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2023; 422:113439. [PMID: 36464122 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of digestive system. Its incidence rate and mortality rate ranks the third among all the malignant tumors. The objective of this study was to explore the role of β-catenin in the CRC progression. The CRC tissues were collected to analyze the β-catenin levels. The CRC cells (SW620 and RRKO) were treated with hypoxia to simulate the hypoxic microenvironment of tumor in vitro. The β-catenin levels in the CRC cells were assessed with RT-qPCR, Western blot and Immunofluorescence. The cell biological behaviors were determined with CCK-8, flow cytometry and sphere formation assays. Besides, the glucose uptake, lactate production, ECAR and OCR was detected by seahorse. For the β-catenin lactylation determination, the IP and Western blot assay was performed. Then the protein stability of β-catenin was measured after cycloheximide treatment. The results showed that β-catenin was highly expressed in the CRC tissues and cells. Hypoxia treatment dramatically increased the protein levels and lactylation of β-catenin in the CRC cells. In addition, β-catenin knockdown dramatically inhibited the cell growth and stemness of the CRC cells. Besides, activation of Wnt signaling pathway neutralized the role of sh-β-catenin in the hypoxia treated CRC cells. In conclusion, this study confirmed that hypoxia induced the glycolysis promoted the β-catenin lactylation, which further enhanced the protein stability and expression of β-catenin, thus aggravating the malignant behaviors of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Miao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Zhao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China; The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Investigation of Three Morchella Species for Anticancer Activity Against Colon Cancer Cell Lines by UPLC-MS-Based Chemical Analysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:486-504. [PMID: 36094647 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In search of new anticancer agents, natural products including fungal compounds had been used as potential anticancer agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity of Morchella extracts against colon cancer cell line and UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis for the identification of compounds. The cytotoxic activity of the three Morchella species was examined for their anti-carcinogenic properties against the colon cancer cell lines. Phytochemical analyses were performed to screen Morchella for the presence of anti-cancerous compounds. All the fungal extracts inhibited the viability of colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Major compounds identified in Morchella included amino acid, fatty acid, sterol, flavonoid, peptide, glutamic acid, alkaloid, terpenoid, cyclopyrrolones, and coumarin. Several new compounds were detected among all the three Morchella extracts. In conclusion, all the fungal extracts showed potential inhibition of colon cancer cells and actively arrested the cell viability. It was concluded that the identified bioactive compounds might be the main constituents contributing to the anticancer activity of Morchella against human colon cancer cell lines. Thus, Morchella extracts are a potential source of bioactive compounds with cytotoxicity and could potentially be used as functional food supplements. Due to the nature of impressive findings, this investigation should be undertaken further to allow the studies to explore and develop a potential cytotoxic agents against colon cancer.
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Tao W, Liu F, Cheng YX, Zhang B, Liu XY, Zhang W, Peng D. Comparison of Postoperative Outcome and Prognosis Among Laparoscopic Left Colectomy and Laparoscopic Sigmoidectomy in Sigmoid Colon Cancer Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Study. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231210676. [PMID: 37982606 PMCID: PMC10664434 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231210676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laparoscopic left colectomy (LLC) and laparoscopic sigmoidectomy (LSD) on short-term outcomes and prognosis of sigmoid colon cancer (SCC) patients using propensity score matching (PSM). METHODS In this retrospective study, the SCC patients who underwent LLC or LSD surgery were collected from a single clinical center from Jan 2011 to Dec 2019. Short-term outcomes and prognosis were compared between patients who received LSD surgery and LLC surgery. RESULTS A total of 356 patients were included in this study. After 1:1 PSM analysis, there were 50 patients who underwent LLC surgery and 50 patients who underwent LSD surgery left in this study. No significant difference was found in baseline characteristics after PSM (P > .05). In comparison with the LLC surgery group, the LSD surgery group had shorter operation time (P = .003) after PSM. Moreover, the surgical procedure was not an independent predictor for overall survival (OS) (P = .918, 95% CI = .333-2.688) and disease-free survival DFS (P = .730, 95% CI = .335-2.150), but age (OS: P = .009, 95% CI = 1.010-1.075; DFS: P = .014, 95% CI = 1.007-1.061) and tumor stage (OS: P = .004, 95% CI = 1.302-3.844; DFS: P < .01, 95% CI = 1.572-4.171) were the independent risk factors for OS and DFS in SCC patients. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference between the two surgical procedures for prognosis of SCC patients. However, the possible reasons for changing the surgical procedures should be cautious by surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Xi Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Dai X, Xie Y, Dong M. Cancer-associated fibroblasts derived extracellular vesicles promote angiogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells through miR-135b-5p/FOXO1 axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:76-88. [PMID: 35100092 PMCID: PMC8812748 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.2017222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a prevalent malignant tumor. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) (CAFs-EVs) are implicated in COAD treatment. This study explored the mechanism of CAFs-EVs in COAD. CAFs and normal fibroblast (NFs) were isolated from COAD tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Vimentin, α-SMA, and FAP expressions were detected. EVs were isolated from CAFs and identified. SW480 and HCT116 cells were co-incubated with EVs. The EV uptake and COAD cell malignant behaviors were assessed. EV-treated SW480 and HCT116 cells were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Extensive analyses were conducted to examine HUVEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, and miR-135b-5p expression in COAD cells, and SW480 and HCT116 cells. CAFs were transfected with the miR-135b-5p inhibitor. miR-135b-5p downstream targets were predicted. FOXO1 expression in the co-culture system was determined and then overexpressed to evaluate its role in HUVECs mediated by COAD cells. COAD mouse model was established by transplanting SW480 cells into nude mice and injecting with EVs. Tumor growth rate, volume, and weight were examined. Ki67, VEGF, CD34, FOXO1 expressions, and VEGF content were detected. CAFs-EVs promoted COAD cell malignant behaviors and COAD cells-mediated HUVEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. CAFs-EVs delivered miR-135b-5p into COAD cells. miR-135b-5p targeted FOXO1. Inhibition of miR-135b-5p in EVs or overexpression of FOXO1 partially reversed the effect of EVs on promoting COAD-induced angiogenesis. CAFs-EVs promoted tumor proliferation and angiogenesis of COAD in vivo. CAFs-EVs delivered miR-135b-5p into COAD cells to downregulate FOXO1 and promote HUVECs proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dai
- Department of Anus & Intestine Sugery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangyang Xie
- Pharmacy Department, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjun Dong
- Department of Anus & Intestine Sugery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, China
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