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Freitas-Ribeiro S, Moreira H, da Silva LP, Noro J, Sampaio-Marques B, Ludovico P, Jarnalo M, Horta R, Marques AP, Reis RL, Pirraco RP. Prevascularized spongy-like hydrogels maintain their angiogenic potential after prolonged hypothermic storage. Bioact Mater 2024; 37:253-268. [PMID: 38585489 PMCID: PMC10997873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The chronic shortage of organs and tissues for transplantation represents a dramatic burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Tissue engineering offers a potential solution to address these shortages, but several challenges remain, with prevascularization being a critical factor for in vivo survival and integration of tissue engineering products. Concurrently, a different challenge hindering the clinical implementation of such products, regards their efficient preservation from the fabrication site to the bedside. Hypothermia has emerged as a potential solution for this issue due to its milder effects on biologic systems in comparison with other cold preservation methodologies. Its impact on prevascularization, however, has not been well studied. In this work, 3D prevascularized constructs were fabricated using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells and preserved at 4 °C using Hypothermosol or basal culture media (α-MEM). Hypothermosol efficiently preserved the structural and cellular integrity of prevascular networks as compared to constructs before preservation. In contrast, the use of α-MEM led to a clear reduction in prevascular structures, with concurrent induction of high levels of apoptosis and autophagy at the cellular level. In vivo evaluation using a chorioallantoic membrane model demonstrated that, in opposition to α-MEM, Hypothermosol preservation retained the angiogenic potential of constructs before preservation by recruiting a similar number of blood vessels from the host and presenting similar integration with host tissue. These results emphasize the need of studying the impact of preservation techniques on key properties of tissue engineering constructs such as prevascularization, in order to validate and streamline their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freitas-Ribeiro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Lucília P. da Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jennifer Noro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paula Ludovico
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mariana Jarnalo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Burn Unity, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine - University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Horta
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Burn Unity, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine - University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra P. Marques
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P. Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Doherty EL, Krohn G, Warren EC, Patton A, Whitworth CP, Rathod M, Biehl A, Aw WY, Freytes DO, Polacheck WJ. Human Cell-Derived Matrix Composite Hydrogels with Diverse Composition for Use in Vasculature-on-chip Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400192. [PMID: 38518808 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Microphysiological and organ-on-chip platforms seek to address critical gaps in human disease models and drug development that underlie poor rates of clinical success for novel interventions. While the fabrication technology and model cells used to synthesize organs-on-chip have advanced considerably, most platforms rely on animal-derived or synthetic extracellular matrix as a cell substrate, limiting mimicry of human physiology and precluding use in modeling diseases in which matrix dynamics play a role in pathogenesis. Here, the development of human cell-derived matrix (hCDM) composite hydrogels for use in 3D microphysiologic models of the vasculature is reported. hCDM composite hydrogels are derived from human donor fibroblasts and maintain a complex milieu of basement membrane, proteoglycans, and nonfibrillar matrix components. The use of hCDM composite hydrogels as 2D and 3D cell culture substrates is demonstrated, and hCDM composite hydrogels are patterned to form engineered human microvessels. Interestingly, hCDM composite hydrogels are enriched in proteins associated with vascular morphogenesis as determined by mass spectrometry, and functional analysis demonstrates proangiogenic signatures in human endothelial cells cultured in these hydrogels. In conclusion, this study suggests that human donor-derived hCDM composite hydrogels could address technical gaps in human organs-on-chip development and serve as substrates to promote vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Doherty
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Grace Krohn
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Emily C Warren
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Alexandra Patton
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Chloe P Whitworth
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, Carolina, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mitesh Rathod
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Andreea Biehl
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Wen Yih Aw
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Donald O Freytes
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - William J Polacheck
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, 10010 Mary Ellen Jones Building, 116 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, 111 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, Carolina, NC 27599, USA
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3
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Wein S, Schemmer C, Al Enezy-Ulbrich MA, Jung SA, Rütten S, Kühnel M, Jonigk D, Jahnen-Dechent W, Pich A, Neuss S. Fibrin-Based Hydrogels with Reactive Amphiphilic Copolymers for Mechanical Adjustments Allow for Capillary Formation in 2D and 3D Environments. Gels 2024; 10:182. [PMID: 38534600 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on enhancing controllable fibrin-based hydrogels for tissue engineering, addressing existing weaknesses. By integrating a novel copolymer, we improved the foundation for cell-based angiogenesis with adaptable structural features. Tissue engineering often faces challenges like waste disposal and nutrient supply beyond the 200 µm diffusion limit. Angiogenesis breaks through this limitation, allowing the construction of larger constructs. Our innovative scaffold combination significantly boosts angiogenesis, resulting in longer branches and more capillary network junctions. The copolymer attached to fibrin fibers enables precise adjustment of hydrogel mechanical dynamic properties for specific applications. Our material proves effective for angiogenesis, even under suppression factors like suramin. In our study, we prepared fibrin-based hydrogels with and without the copolymer PVP12400-co-GMA10mol%. Using a co-culture system of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), we analyzed angiogenetic behavior on and within the modified hydrogels. Capillary-like structures were reproducibly formed on different surfaces, demonstrating the general feasibility of three-dimensional endothelial cell networks in fibrin-based hydrogels. This highlights the biomaterial's suitability for in vitro pre-vascularization of biohybrid implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Wein
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carina Schemmer
- Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Aischa Al Enezy-Ulbrich
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Shannon Anna Jung
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Rütten
- Electron Microscopic Facility, University Clinics, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Jahnen-Dechent
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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4
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Werner MP, Kučikas V, Voß K, Abel D, Jockenhoevel S, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Schmitz-Rode T. Multiphoton Imaging of Maturation in Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024; 30:38-48. [PMID: 38115629 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Donor cell-specific tissue-engineered (TE) implants are a promising therapy for personalized treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but current development protocols lack a stable longitudinal assessment of tissue development at subcellular resolution. As a first step toward such an assessment approach, in this study we establish a generalized labeling and imaging protocol to obtain quantified maturation parameters of TE constructs in three dimensions (3D) without the need of histological slicing, thus leaving the tissue intact. Focusing on intracellular matrix (ICM) and extracellular matrix (ECM) networks, multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM) was used to investigate TE patches of different conditioning durations of up to 21 days. We show here that with a straightforward labeling procedure of whole-mount samples (so without slicing into thin histological sections), followed by an easy-to-use multiphoton imaging process, we obtained high-quality images of the tissue in 3D at various time points during development. The stacks of images could then be further analyzed to visualize and quantify the volume of cell coverage as well as the volume fraction and network of structural proteins. We showed that collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) volume fractions increased as normalized to full tissue volume and proportional to the cell count, with a converging trend to the final density of (4.0% ± 0.6%) and (7.6% ± 0.7%), respectively. The image analysis of ICM and ECM revealed a developing and widely branched interconnected matrix. We are currently working on the second step, that is, to integrate MPLSM endoscopy into a dynamic bioreactor system to monitor the maturation of intact TE constructs over time, thus without the need to take them out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian P Werner
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht-Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Vytautas Kučikas
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Voß
- Institute of Automatic Control (IRT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Abel
- Institute of Automatic Control (IRT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht-Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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5
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Lê H, Deforges J, Hua G, Idoux-Gillet Y, Ponté C, Lindner V, Olland A, Falcoz PE, Zaupa C, Jain S, Quéméneur E, Benkirane-Jessel N, Balloul JM. In vitro vascularized immunocompetent patient-derived model to test cancer therapies. iScience 2023; 26:108094. [PMID: 37860774 PMCID: PMC10582498 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This work describes a patient-derived tumoroid model (PDTs) to support precision medicine in lung oncology. The use of human adipose tissue-derived microvasculature and patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) permits to achieve a physiologically relevant tumor microenvironment. This study involved ten patients at various stages of tumor progression. The vascularized, immune-infiltrated PDT model could be obtained within two weeks, matching the requirements of the therapeutic decision. Histological and transcriptomic analyses confirmed that the main features from the original tumor were reproduced. The 3D tumor model could be used to determine the dynamics of response to antiangiogenic therapy and platinum-based chemotherapy. Antiangiogenic therapy showed a significant decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A expression, reflecting its therapeutic effect in the model. In an immune-infiltrated PDT model, chemotherapy showed the ability to decrease the levels of lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG-3), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), and inhibitory receptors of T cells functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Lê
- Transgene S.A, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jules Deforges
- Transgene S.A, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Guoqiang Hua
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ysia Idoux-Gillet
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Charlotte Ponté
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Lindner
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Olland
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre-Emanuel Falcoz
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Cécile Zaupa
- Boehringer Ingelheim, 29 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Shreyansh Jain
- Transgene S.A, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Eric Quéméneur
- Transgene S.A, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marc Balloul
- Transgene S.A, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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6
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Masson-Meyers DS, Tabatabaei F, Steinhaus L, Toth JM, Tayebi L. Development of fibroblast/endothelial cell-seeded collagen scaffolds for in vitro prevascularization. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:633-645. [PMID: 36262080 PMCID: PMC10585651 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of vascularized scaffolds remains one of the major challenges in tissue engineering, and co-culturing with endothelial cells is known as one of the possible approaches for this purpose. In this approach, optimization of cell culture conditions, scaffolds, and fabrication techniques is needed to develop tissue equivalents that will enable in vitro formation of a capillary network. Prevascularized equivalents will be more physiologically comparable to the native tissues and potentially prevent insufficient vascularization after implantation. This study aimed to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), alone or in co-culture with fibroblasts, on collagen scaffolds prepared by simple fabrication approaches for in vitro prevascularization. Different concentrations and ratios of HUVECs and fibroblasts seeded on collagen gel and sponge scaffolds under several culture conditions were examined. Cell viability, scaffolds morphology, and structure were analyzed. Collagen gel scaffolds showed good cell proliferation and viability, with higher proliferation rates for cells cultured in a 2:1 (fibroblasts: HUVECs) ratio and kept in endothelial cell growth medium. However, these matrices were unable to support endothelial cell sprouting. Collagen sponges were highly porous and showed good cell viability. However, they became fragile over time in culture, and they still lack signs of vascularization. Collagen scaffolds were a good platform for cell growth and viability. However, under the experimental conditions of this study, the HUVEC/fibroblast-seeded scaffolds were not suitable platforms to generate in vitro prevascularized equivalents. Our findings will be a valuable starting point to optimize culture microenvironments and scaffolds during fabrication of prevascularized scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lane Steinhaus
- Marquette University School of Dentistry. Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Toth
- Marquette University School of Dentistry. Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry. Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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7
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Shaik R, Xu J, Wang Y, Hong Y, Zhang G. Fibrin-Enriched Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Promotes In Vitro Angiogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:877-888. [PMID: 36630688 PMCID: PMC10064974 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. Promoting angiogenesis has been demonstrated as an effective approach for myocardial infarction treatment. Several different strategies for inducing myocardial angiogenesis have been explored, including exogenous delivery of angiogenic genes, proteins, microRNAs, cells, and extracellular vesicles. Various types of injectable hydrogels have been investigated for cardiac tissue repair. One of the most promising injectable hydrogels in cardiac regeneration is a cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel that is derived from decellularized porcine myocardium. It can be delivered minimally invasively via transendocardial delivery. The safety and efficacy of cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels have been shown in small and large animal myocardial infarction models as well as clinical trials. The main mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefits of cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels have been elucidated and involved in the modulation of the immune response, downregulation of pathways related to heart failure progression and fibrosis, upregulation of genes important for cardiac muscle contraction, and enhancing cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation from stem cells. However, no potent capillary network formation induced by cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels has been reported. In this study, we tested the feasibility of incorporating a fibrin matrix into cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels to improve the angiogenic properties of the hydrogel. Our in vitro results demonstrate that fibrin-enriched cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels can induce robust endothelial cell tube formation from human umbilical vein endothelial cells and promote the sprouting of human mesenchymal stem cell spheroids. The obtained information from this study is very critical toward the future in vivo evaluation of fibrin-enriched cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels in promoting myocardial angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubia Shaik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jiazhu Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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8
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Mierke CT. Physical and biological advances in endothelial cell-based engineered co-culture model systems. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 147:58-69. [PMID: 36732105 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Scientific knowledge in the field of cell biology and mechanobiology heavily leans on cell-based in vitro experiments and models that favor the examination and comprehension of certain biological processes and occurrences across a variety of environments. Cell culture assays are an invaluable instrument for a vast spectrum of biomedical and biophysical investigations. The quality of experimental models in terms of simplicity, reproducibility, and combinability with other methods, and in particular the scale at which they depict cell fate in native tissues, is critical to advancing the knowledge of the comprehension of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in tissues and organs. Typically, in vitro models are centered on the experimental tinkering of mammalian cells, most often cultured as monolayers on planar, two-dimensional (2D) materials. Notwithstanding the significant advances and numerous findings that have been accomplished with flat biology models, their usefulness for generating further new biological understanding is constrained because the simple 2D setting does not reproduce the physiological response of cells in natural living tissues. In addition, the co-culture systems in a 2D stetting weakly mirror their natural environment of tissues and organs. Significant advances in 3D cell biology and matrix engineering have resulted in the creation and establishment of a new type of cell culture shapes that more accurately represents the in vivo microenvironment and allows cells and their interactions to be analyzed in a biomimetic approach. Contemporary biomedical and biophysical science has novel advances in technology that permit the design of more challenging and resilient in vitro models for tissue engineering, with a particular focus on scaffold- or hydrogel-based formats, organotypic cultures, and organs-on-chips, which cover the purposes of co-cultures. Even these complex systems must be kept as simplified as possible in order to grasp a particular section of physiology too very precisely. In particular, it is highly appreciated that they bridge the space between conventional animal research and human (patho)physiology. In this review, the recent progress in 3D biomimetic culturation is presented with a special focus on co-cultures, with an emphasis on the technological building blocks and endothelium-based co-culture models in cancer research that are available for the development of more physiologically relevant in vitro models of human tissues under normal and diseased conditions. Through applications and samples of various physiological and disease models, it is possible to identify the frontiers and future engagement issues that will have to be tackled to integrate synthetic biomimetic culture systems far more successfully into biomedical and biophysical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tanja Mierke
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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9
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Thiebes AL, Klein S, Zingsheim J, Möller GH, Gürzing S, Reddemann MA, Behbahani M, Jockenhoevel S, Cornelissen CG. Effervescent Atomizer as Novel Cell Spray Technology to Decrease the Gas-to-Liquid Ratio. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112421. [PMID: 36365239 PMCID: PMC9697195 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell spraying has become a feasible application method for cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches. Different devices have been used with varying success. Often, twin-fluid atomizers are used, which require a high gas velocity for optimal aerosolization characteristics. To decrease the amount and velocity of required air, a custom-made atomizer was designed based on the effervescent principle. Different designs were evaluated regarding spray characteristics and their influence on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. The arithmetic mean diameters of the droplets were 15.4−33.5 µm with decreasing diameters for increasing gas-to-liquid ratios. The survival rate was >90% of the control for the lowest gas-to-liquid ratio. For higher ratios, cell survival decreased to approximately 50%. Further experiments were performed with the design, which had shown the highest survival rates. After seven days, no significant differences in metabolic activity were observed. The apoptosis rates were not influenced by aerosolization, while high gas-to-liquid ratios caused increased necrosis levels. Tri-lineage differentiation potential into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts was not negatively influenced by aerosolization. Thus, the effervescent aerosolization principle was proven suitable for cell applications requiring reduced amounts of supplied air. This is the first time an effervescent atomizer was used for cell processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.L.T.); (S.J.); Tel.: +49-241-80-47472 (A.L.T.); +49-241-80-47478 (S.J.)
| | - Sarah Klein
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas Zingsheim
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory Biomaterial, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Georg H. Möller
- Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer (WSA), RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gürzing
- Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer (WSA), RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Manuel A. Reddemann
- Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer (WSA), RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mehdi Behbahani
- Laboratory Biomaterial, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.L.T.); (S.J.); Tel.: +49-241-80-47472 (A.L.T.); +49-241-80-47478 (S.J.)
| | - Christian G. Cornelissen
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pneumology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Clinic V, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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10
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Freitas-Ribeiro S, Diogo GS, Oliveira C, Martins A, Silva TH, Jarnalo M, Horta R, Reis RL, Pirraco RP. Growth Factor-Free Vascularization of Marine-Origin Collagen Sponges Using Cryopreserved Stromal Vascular Fractions from Human Adipose Tissue. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20100623. [PMID: 36286447 PMCID: PMC9604698 DOI: 10.3390/md20100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful integration of transplanted three-dimensional tissue engineering (TE) constructs depends greatly on their rapid vascularization. Therefore, it is essential to address this vascularization issue in the initial design of constructs for perfused tissues. Two of the most important variables in this regard are scaffold composition and cell sourcing. Collagens with marine origins overcome some issues associated with mammal-derived collagen while maintaining their advantages in terms of biocompatibility. Concurrently, the freshly isolated stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue has been proposed as an advantageous cell fraction for vascularization purposes due to its highly angiogenic properties, allowing extrinsic angiogenic growth factor-free vascularization strategies for TE applications. In this study, we aimed at understanding whether marine collagen 3D matrices could support cryopreserved human SVF in maintaining intrinsic angiogenic properties observed for fresh SVF. For this, cryopreserved human SVF was seeded on blue shark collagen sponges and cultured up to 7 days in a basal medium. The secretome profile of several angiogenesis-related factors was studied throughout culture times and correlated with the expression pattern of CD31 and CD146, which showed the formation of a prevascular network. Upon in ovo implantation, increased vessel recruitment was observed in prevascularized sponges when compared with sponges without SVF cells. Immunohistochemistry for CD31 demonstrated the improved integration of prevascularized sponges within chick chorioalantoic membrane (CAM) tissues, while in situ hybridization showed human cells lining blood vessels. These results demonstrate the potential of using cryopreserved SVF combined with marine collagen as a streamlined approach to improve the vascularization of TE constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freitas-Ribeiro
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Gabriela S. Diogo
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Albino Martins
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H. Silva
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mariana Jarnalo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Burn Unity, Centro Hospitalar de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Horta
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Burn Unity, Centro Hospitalar de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P. Pirraco
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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11
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Luengen AE, Cheremkhina M, Gonzalez-Rubio J, Weckauf J, Kniebs C, Uebner H, Buhl EM, Taube C, Cornelissen CG, Schmitz-Rode T, Jockenhoevel S, Thiebes AL. Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promote Vascularization and Ciliation in Airway Mucosa Tri-Culture Models in Vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:872275. [PMID: 35782511 PMCID: PMC9247357 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.872275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from irresectable tracheal stenosis often face limited treatment options associated with low quality of life. To date, an optimal tracheal replacement strategy does not exist. A tissue-engineered tracheal substitute promises to overcome limitations such as implant vascularization, functional mucociliary clearance and mechanical stability. In order to advance a tracheal mucosa model recently developed by our group, we examined different supporting cell types in fibrin-based tri-culture with primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and primary human respiratory epithelial cells (HRE). Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC), adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) and human nasal fibroblasts (HNF) were compared regarding their ability to promote mucociliary differentiation and vascularization in vitro. Three-dimensional co-cultures of the supporting cell types with either HRE or HUVEC were used as controls. Mucociliary differentiation and formation of vascular-like structures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), periodic acid Schiff’s reaction (PAS reaction), two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) and immunohistochemistry. Cytokine levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-8 (IL8), angiopoietin 1, angiopoietin 2, fibroblast growth factor basic (FGF-b) and placenta growth factor (PIGF) in media supernatant were investigated using LEGENDplex™ bead-based immunoassay. Epithelial morphology of tri-cultures with BM-MSC most closely resembled native respiratory epithelium with respect to ciliation, mucus production as well as expression and localization of epithelial cell markers pan-cytokeratin, claudin-1, α-tubulin and mucin5AC. This was followed by tri-cultures with HNF, while ASC-supported tri-cultures lacked mucociliary differentiation. For all supporting cell types, a reduced ciliation was observed in tri-cultures compared to the corresponding co-cultures. Although formation of vascular-like structures was confirmed in all cultures, vascular networks in BM-MSC-tri-cultures were found to be more branched and extended. Concentrations of pro-angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines, in particular VEGF and angiopoietin 2, revealed to be reduced in tri-cultures compared to co-cultures. With these results, our study provides an important step towards a vascularized and ciliated tissue-engineered tracheal replacement. Additionally, our tri-culture model may in the future contribute to an improved understanding of cell-cell interactions in diseases associated with impaired mucosal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja E. Luengen
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Maria Cheremkhina
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Julian Gonzalez-Rubio
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Weckauf
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Kniebs
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Uebner
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen—Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - E. Miriam Buhl
- Institute of Pathology, Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Taube
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen—Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian G. Cornelissen
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Clinic for Pneumology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine (Medical Clinic V), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Stefan Jockenhoevel, ; Anja Lena Thiebes,
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Stefan Jockenhoevel, ; Anja Lena Thiebes,
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12
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Mykuliak A, Yrjänäinen A, Mäki AJ, Gebraad A, Lampela E, Kääriäinen M, Pakarinen TK, Kallio P, Miettinen S, Vuorenpää H. Vasculogenic Potency of Bone Marrow- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Results in Differing Vascular Network Phenotypes in a Microfluidic Chip. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:764237. [PMID: 35211462 PMCID: PMC8861308 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.764237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The vasculature is an essential, physiological element in virtually all human tissues. Formation of perfusable vasculature is therefore crucial for reliable tissue modeling. Three-dimensional vascular networks can be formed through the co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) with stromal cells embedded in hydrogel. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose tissue (ASCs) are an attractive choice as stromal cells due to their natural perivascular localization and ability to support formation of mature and stable microvessels in vitro. So far, BMSCs and ASCs have been compared as vasculature-supporting cells in static cultures. In this study, BMSCs and ASCs were co-cultured with endothelial cells in a fibrin hydrogel in a perfusable microfluidic chip. We demonstrated that using MSCs of different origin resulted in vascular networks with distinct phenotypes. Both types of MSCs supported formation of mature and interconnected microvascular networks-on-a-chip. However, BMSCs induced formation of fully perfusable microvasculature with larger vessel area and length whereas ASCs resulted in partially perfusable microvascular networks. Immunostainings revealed that BMSCs outperformed ASCs in pericytic characteristics. Moreover, co-culture with BMSCs resulted in significantly higher expression levels of endothelial and pericyte-specific genes, as well as genes involved in vasculature maturation. Overall, our study provides valuable knowledge on the properties of MSCs as vasculature-supporting cells and highlights the importance of choosing the application-specific stromal cell source for vascularized organotypic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Mykuliak
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alma Yrjänäinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti-Juhana Mäki
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arjen Gebraad
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ella Lampela
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kääriäinen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Pasi Kallio
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna Vuorenpää
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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13
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Shafiee S, Shariatzadeh S, Zafari A, Majd A, Niknejad H. Recent Advances on Cell-Based Co-Culture Strategies for Prevascularization in Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:745314. [PMID: 34900955 PMCID: PMC8655789 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the fabrication of a functional vascular network to maintain the viability of engineered tissues is a major bottleneck in the way of developing a more advanced engineered construct. Inspired by vasculogenesis during the embryonic period, the in vitro prevascularization strategies have focused on optimizing communications and interactions of cells, biomaterial and culture conditions to develop a capillary-like network to tackle the aforementioned issue. Many of these studies employ a combination of endothelial lineage cells and supporting cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, and perivascular cells to create a lumenized endothelial network. These supporting cells are necessary for the stabilization of the newly developed endothelial network. Moreover, to optimize endothelial network development without impairing biomechanical properties of scaffolds or differentiation of target tissue cells, several other factors, including target tissue, endothelial cell origins, the choice of supporting cell, culture condition, incorporated pro-angiogenic factors, and choice of biomaterial must be taken into account. The prevascularization method can also influence the endothelial lineage cell/supporting cell co-culture system to vascularize the bioengineered constructs. This review aims to investigate the recent advances on standard cells used in in vitro prevascularization methods, their co-culture systems, and conditions in which they form an organized and functional vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Shafiee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zafari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Majd
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Kniebs C, Luengen AE, Guenther D, Cornelissen CG, Schmitz-Rode T, Jockenhoevel S, Thiebes AL. Establishment of a Pre-vascularized 3D Lung Cancer Model in Fibrin Gel-Influence of Hypoxia and Cancer-Specific Therapeutics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:761846. [PMID: 34722481 PMCID: PMC8551668 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.761846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide and the one that causes the highest mortality. In order to understand the disease and to develop new treatments, in vitro human lung cancer model systems which imitate the physiological conditions is of high significance. In this study, a human 3D lung cancer model was established that features the organization of a tumor with focus on tumor angiogenesis. Vascular networks were formed by co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) for 14 days in fibrin. A part of the pre-vascularized fibrin gel was replaced by fibrin gel containing lung cancer cells (A549) to form tri-cultures. This 3D cancer model system was cultured under different culture conditions and its behaviour after treatment with different concentrations of tumor-specific therapeutics was evaluated. The evaluation was performed by measurement of metabolic activity, viability, quantification of two-photon laser scanning microscopy and measurement of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor in the supernatant. Hypoxic conditions promoted vascularization compared to normoxic cultured controls in co- and tri-cultures as shown by significantly increased vascular structures, longer structures with a higher area and volume, and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. Cancer cells also promoted vascularization. Treatment with 50 µM gefitinib or 50 nM paclitaxel decreased the vascularization significantly. VEGF secretion was only reduced after treatment with gefitinib, while in contrast secretion remained constant during medication with paclitaxel. The findings suggest that the herein described 3D lung cancer model provides a novel platform to investigate the angiogenic potential of cancer cells and its responses to therapeutics. Thus, it can serve as a promising approach for the development and patient-specific pre-selection of anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Kniebs
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Anja Elisabeth Luengen
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Guenther
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Gabriel Cornelissen
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Clinic for Pneumology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine (Medical Clinic V), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, Netherlands
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15
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Rebuilding the hematopoietic stem cell niche: Recent developments and future prospects. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:129-148. [PMID: 33813090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have proven their clinical relevance in stem cell transplantation to cure patients with hematological disorders. Key to their regenerative potential is their natural microenvironment - their niche - in the bone marrow (BM). Developments in the field of biomaterials enable the recreation of such environments with increasing preciseness in the laboratory. Such artificial niches help to gain a fundamental understanding of the biophysical and biochemical processes underlying the interaction of HSCs with the materials in their environment and the disturbance of this interplay during diseases affecting the BM. Artificial niches also have the potential to multiply HSCs in vitro, to enable the targeted differentiation of HSCs into mature blood cells or to serve as drug-testing platforms. In this review, we will introduce the importance of artificial niches followed by the biology and biophysics of the natural archetype. We will outline how 2D biomaterials can be used to dissect the complexity of the natural niche into individual parameters for fundamental research and how 3D systems evolved from them. We will present commonly used biomaterials for HSC research and their applications. Finally, we will highlight two areas in the field of HSC research, which just started to unlock the possibilities provided by novel biomaterials, in vitro blood production and studying the pathophysiology of the niche in vitro. With these contents, the review aims to give a broad overview of the different biomaterials applied for HSC research and to discuss their potentials, challenges and future directions in the field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells responsible for maintaining the turnover of all blood cells. They are routinely applied to treat patients with hematological diseases. This high clinical relevance explains the necessity of multiplication or differentiation of HSCs in the laboratory, which is hampered by the missing natural microenvironment - the so called niche. Biomaterials offer the possibility to mimic the niche and thus overcome this hurdle. The review introduces the HSC niche in the bone marrow and discusses the utility of biomaterials in creating artificial niches. It outlines how 2D systems evolved into sophisticated 3D platforms, which opened the gateway to applications such as, expansion of clinically relevant HSCs, in vitro blood production, studying niche pathologies and drug testing.
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16
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Kreimendahl F, Kniebs C, Tavares Sobreiro AM, Schmitz-Rode T, Jockenhoevel S, Thiebes AL. FRESH bioprinting technology for tissue engineering - the influence of printing process and bioink composition on cell behavior and vascularization. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211028808. [PMID: 34282976 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211028808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and tailored biofabrication of natural materials is of high interest for the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Scaffolds require both high biocompatibility and tissue-dependent mechanical strength to function as basis for tissue-engineered implants. Thus, natural hydrogels such as fibrin are promising but their rapid biofabrication remains challenging. Printing of low viscosity and slow polymerizing solutions with good spatial resolution can be achieved by freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting of cell-laden natural hydrogels. In this study, fibrin and hyaluronic acid were used as single components as well as blended ink mixtures for the FRESH bioprinting. Rheometry revealed that single materials were less viscous than the blended bioink showing higher values for viscosity over a shear rate of 10-1000 s-1. While fibrin showed viscosities between 0.1624 and 0.0017 Pa·s, the blended ink containing fibrin and hyaluronic acid were found to be in a range of 0.1-1 Pa·s. In 3D vascularization assays, formation of vascular structures within the printed constructs was investigated indicating that the printing process did not harm cells and allowed formation of vasculature comparable to moulded control samples. Best values for vascularization were achieved in bioinks consisting of 1.0% fibrin-0.5% hyaluronic acid. The vascular structure area and length were three times higher compared to other tested bioinks, and structure volume as well as number of branches revealed almost four times higher values. In this study, we combined the benefits of the FRESH printing technique with in vitro vascularization, showing that it is possible to achieve a mechanically stable small-scale hydrogel construct incorporating vascular network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kreimendahl
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Kniebs
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Margarida Tavares Sobreiro
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
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17
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Masson-Meyers DS, Tayebi L. Vascularization strategies in tissue engineering approaches for soft tissue repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:747-762. [PMID: 34058083 DOI: 10.1002/term.3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization during tissue repair is often associated with poor clinical outcomes. This is a concern especially when patients have critical-sized injuries, where the size of the defect restricts vascularity, or even in small defects that have to be treated under special conditions, such as after radiation therapy (relevant to tumor resection) that hinders vascularity. In fact, poor vascularization is one of the major obstacles for clinical application of tissue engineering methods in soft tissue repair. As a key issue, lack of graft integration, caused by inadequate vascularization after implantation, can lead to graft failure. Moreover, poor vascularization compromises the viability of cells seeded in deep portions of scaffolds/graft materials, due to hypoxia and insufficient nutrient supply. In this article we aim to review vascularization strategies employed in tissue engineering techniques to repair soft tissues. For this purpose, we start by providing a brief overview of the main events during the physiological wound healing process in soft tissues. Then, we discuss how tissue repair can be achieved through tissue engineering, and considerations with regards to the choice of scaffold materials, culture conditions, and vascularization techniques. Next, we highlight the importance of vascularization, along with strategies and methods of prevascularization of soft tissue equivalents, particularly cell-based prevascularization. Lastly, we present a summary of commonly used in vitro methods during the vascularization of tissue-engineered soft tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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18
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Biotherapeutic-loaded injectable hydrogels as a synergistic strategy to support myocardial repair after myocardial infarction. J Control Release 2021; 335:216-236. [PMID: 34022323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) has been considered as the leading cause of cardiovascular-related deaths worldwide. Although traditional therapeutic agents including various bioactive species such as growth factors, stem cells, and nucleic acids have demonstrated somewhat usefulness for the restoration of cardiac functions, the therapeutic efficiency remains unsatisfactory most likely due to the off-target-associated side effects and low localized retention of the used therapeutic agents in the infarcted myocardium, which constitutes a substantial barrier for the effective treatment of MI. Injectable hydrogels are regarded as a minimally invasive technology that can overcome the clinical and surgical limitations of traditional stenting by a modulated sol-gel transition and localized transport of a variety of encapsulated cargoes, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficiency and improved patient comfort and compliance. However, the design of injectable hydrogels for myocardial repair and the mechanism of action of bioactive substance-loaded hydrogels for MI repair remain unclear. To elucidate these points, we summarized the recent progresses made on the use of injectable hydrogels for encapsulation of various therapeutic substances for MI treatment with an emphasis on the mechanism of action of hydrogel systems for myocardial repair. Specifically, the pathogenesis of MI and the rational design of injectable hydrogels for myocardial repair were presented. Next, the mechanisms of various biotherapeutic substance-loaded injectable hydrogels for myocardial repair was discussed. Finally, the potential challenges and future prospects for the use of injectable hydrogels for MI treatment were proposed for the purpose of drawing theoretical guidance on the development of novel therapeutic strategies for efficient treatment of MI.
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19
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Xu P, Luo H, Kong Y, Lai WF, Cui L, Zhu X. Cancer neoantigen: Boosting immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110640. [PMID: 32836075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor neoantigen has a high degree of immunogenicity. As one of the emerging methods of tumor immunotherapy, the vaccine developed against it has served to clinical trials of various solid tumors, especially in the treatment of melanoma. Currently, a variety of immunotherapy methods have been applied to the treatment of the tumor. However, other therapeutic methods have the disadvantages of low specificity and prominent side effects. Treatments require tumor antigen with higher immunogenicity as the target of immune attack. This review will recommend the identification of neoantigen, the influencing factors of neoantigen, and the application of personalized vaccines for neoantigen in metastatic tumors such as malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Haiqing Luo
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hubei No. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Wing-Fu Lai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
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20
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Abdul Sisak MA, Louis F, Hyeok Lee S, Chang YT, Matsusaki M. Fabrication of Blood Capillary Models for Live Imaging Microarray Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E727. [PMID: 32727054 PMCID: PMC7464508 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Conventional microarray analysis usually deals with the monolayer or two-dimensional (2D) assays for the high-throughput screening applications. Even though these cell-based assays are effective for preliminary screening at least to have information on cytotoxicity, they do not adequately re-create the in vivo complexity of three-dimensional (3D) tissues. In this study, 3D-blood capillary models were constructed by using physiological collagen microfibers (CMF), which provide the extracellular matrix in the complex tissue. Micro-droplets of fibrin gels containing CMF, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts were cultured for five days in 48-wells plate to provide a medium-throughput system for screening applications. Blood capillaries networks were formed by optimizing the concentration of CMF used and the number of cells. Finally, this screening method was a powerful assay for the application on the selection of not only a specific chemical probe for blood capillary live-imaging, but also a drug, aptamer, and peptide with potential blood vessel targeting property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asri Abdul Sisak
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fiona Louis
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sun Hyeok Lee
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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