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Nishizawa Y, Thompson KC, Yamanashi T, Wahba NE, Saito T, Marra PS, Nagao T, Nishiguchi T, Shibata K, Yamanishi K, Hughes CG, Pandharipande P, Cho H, Howard MA, Kawasaki H, Toda H, Kanazawa T, Iwata M, Shinozaki G. Epigenetic signals associated with delirium replicated across four independent cohorts. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:275. [PMID: 38965205 PMCID: PMC11224347 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Delirium is risky and indicates poor outcomes for patients. Therefore, it is crucial to create an effective delirium detection method. However, the epigenetic pathophysiology of delirium remains largely unknown. We aimed to discover reliable and replicable epigenetic (DNA methylation: DNAm) markers that are associated with delirium including post-operative delirium (POD) in blood obtained from patients among four independent cohorts. Blood DNA from four independent cohorts (two inpatient cohorts and two surgery cohorts; 16 to 88 patients each) were analyzed using the Illumina EPIC array platform for genome-wide DNAm analysis. We examined DNAm differences in blood between patients with and without delirium including POD. When we compared top CpG sites previously identified from the initial inpatient cohort with three additional cohorts (one inpatient and two surgery cohorts), 11 of the top 13 CpG sites showed statistically significant differences in DNAm values between the delirium group and non-delirium group in the same directions as found in the initial cohort. This study demonstrated the potential value of epigenetic biomarkers as future diagnostic tools. Furthermore, our findings provide additional evidence of the potential role of epigenetics in the pathophysiology of delirium including POD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Nishizawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaitlyn C Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Takehiko Yamanashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago-shi, Tottori, Japan
| | - Nadia E Wahba
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Taku Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College School of Medicine, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Pedro S Marra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Takaaki Nagao
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery (Sakura), Toho University School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Sakura-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nishiguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago-shi, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kazuki Shibata
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Sumitomo Pharma Co, Ltd, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Yamanishi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo Medical University, College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Christopher G Hughes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pratik Pandharipande
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hyunkeun Cho
- University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Matthew A Howard
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Toda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College School of Medicine, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsufumi Kanazawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago-shi, Tottori, Japan
| | - Gen Shinozaki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Childhood adversity predicts black young adults' DNA methylation-based accelerated aging: A dual pathway model. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:689-703. [PMID: 34924087 PMCID: PMC9207155 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421001541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We expand upon prior work (Gibbons et al., ) relating childhood stressor effects, particularly harsh childhood environments, to risky behavior and ultimately physical health by adding longer-term outcomes - deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation-based measures of accelerated aging (DNAm-aging). Further, following work on the effects of early exposure to danger (McLaughlin et al., ), we also identify an additional pathway from harsh childhood environments to DNAm-aging that we label the danger/FKBP5 pathway, which includes early exposure to dangerous community conditions that are thought to impact glucocorticoid regulation and pro-inflammatory mechanisms. Because different DNAm-aging indices provide different windows on accelerated aging, we contrast effects on early indices of DNAm-aging based on chronological age with later indices that focused on predicting biological outcomes. We utilize data from Family and Community Health Study participants (N = 449) from age 10 to 29. We find that harshness influences parenting, which, in turn, influences accelerated DNAm-aging through the risky cognitions and substance use (i.e., behavioral) pathway outlined by Gibbons et al. (). Harshness is also associated with increased exposure to threat/danger, which, in turn, leads to accelerated DNAm-aging through effects on FKBP5 activity and enhanced pro-inflammatory tendencies (i.e., the danger/FKBP5 pathway).
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Philibert R, Mills JA, Long JD, Salisbury SE, Comellas A, Gerke A, Dawes K, Vander Weg M, Hoffman EA. The Reversion of cg05575921 Methylation in Smoking Cessation: A Potential Tool for Incentivizing Healthy Aging. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1415. [PMID: 33260961 PMCID: PMC7760261 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is the largest preventable cause of mortality and the largest environmental driver of epigenetic aging. Contingency management-based strategies can be used to treat smoking but require objective methods of verifying quitting status. Prior studies have suggested that cg05575921 methylation reverts as a function of smoking cessation, but that it can be used to verify the success of smoking cessation has not been unequivocally demonstrated. To test whether methylation can be used to verify cessation, we determined monthly cg05575921 levels in a group of 67 self-reported smokers undergoing biochemically monitored contingency management-based smoking cessation therapy, as part of a lung imaging protocol. A total of 20 subjects in this protocol completed three months of cotinine verified smoking cessation. In these 20 quitters, the reversion of cg05575921 methylation was dependent on their initial smoking intensity, with methylation levels in the heaviest smokers reverting to an average of 0.12% per day over the 3-month treatment period. In addition, we found suggestive evidence that some individuals may have embellished their smoking history to gain entry to the study. Given the prominent effect of smoking on longevity, we conclude that DNA methylation may be a useful tool for guiding and incentivizing contingency management-based approaches for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.A.M.); (J.D.L.); (K.D.)
- Behavioral Diagnostics LLC, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - James A. Mills
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.A.M.); (J.D.L.); (K.D.)
| | - Jeffrey D. Long
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.A.M.); (J.D.L.); (K.D.)
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sue Ellen Salisbury
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (S.E.S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Alejandro Comellas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.C.); (A.G.); (M.V.W.)
| | - Alicia Gerke
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.C.); (A.G.); (M.V.W.)
| | - Kelsey Dawes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.A.M.); (J.D.L.); (K.D.)
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mark Vander Weg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.C.); (A.G.); (M.V.W.)
- Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation, Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (S.E.S.); (E.A.H.)
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