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Li Y, Chen H. Does childhood parental death impact late life health directly and indirectly? Evidence from a National Survey in China. DEATH STUDIES 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38270435 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2024.2306471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in understanding the impact of childhood parental death, less is known about its long-term effects on older adults. We investigated the mediating role of poor health perception in the relationship between childhood parental loss and late life health. A cross-sectional study using data from the 2016 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey was conducted. Our final sample featured 8,547 older adults. The prevalence of childhood parental death was 9.8%. Results indicated a significant direct impact of childhood parental death on depression and cognitive function. Mediating effects were observed, with older adults who experienced childhood parental loss perceiving their health status as significantly worse. This, in turn, predicted higher levels of objective physical impairment, greater depression, and lower levels of cognitive function. Our study offers the first empirical evidence of the enduring negative effects of childhood parental death as well as the pivotal mediating role of poor health perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjun Li
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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2
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Self-rated health and risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cohort study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3826. [PMID: 32123241 PMCID: PMC7052149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60823-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although self-rated health (SRH), a subjective measure of overall health status, associates with metabolic abnormalities, studies on the relationship between SRH and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, are limited. In this study, we evaluated whether or not SRH predicts the risk of incident NAFLD. This cohort study was performed in a sample of 148,313 Korean adults free of ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD at baseline with annual or biennial follow-up for a median of 3.7 years. SRH and NAFLD were measured at baseline and follow-up visits. NAFLD was determined based on the ultrasound-diagnosed fatty liver without excessive alcohol consumption or any other cause. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated via a parametric proportional hazards model. During 522,696.1 person-years of follow-up, 23,855 individuals with new-onset NAFLD were identified (incidence rate, 45.6 per 1,000 person-years). After adjustments for possible confounders including total calorie intake, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD comparing good, fair, and poor or very poor SRH to very good SRH were 1.06 (0.97–1.14), 1.18 (1.09–1.27), and 1.24 (1.13–1.37), respectively. This association of SRH with incident NAFLD remained significant after accounting for changes in SRH and confounders during follow-up and was similar across clinically relevant subgroups. In a large-scale cohort study of apparently healthy Korean adults, poor SRH was independently and positively associated with incident NAFLD risk, indicating a predictive role of SRH as a health measure in NAFLD.
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Stewart KL, Farris SG, Jackson KM, Borsari B, Metrik J. Cannabis Use and Anxiety Sensitivity in Relation to Physical Health and Functioning in post-9/11 Veterans. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2019; 43:45-54. [PMID: 33583981 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-018-9950-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Frequency of cannabis use and cognitive vulnerabilities such as anxiety sensitivity (i.e., the fear of bodily sensations), have been independently linked with poor physical health, however the interplay between these health-mental health processes may compound poor physical health and functioning in cannabis users. Thus, the current study evaluated the direct and interactive effects of cannabis use frequency and anxiety sensitivity on physical health and functioning among cannabis-using veterans. Participants (N = 138) were post-9/11 United States veterans recruited from a Veterans Affairs hospital who reported cannabis use in the past six months. Cannabis use frequency in the past month and anxiety sensitivity were significantly negatively correlated with perceived overall physical health. There was a significant interaction between cannabis use frequency and anxiety sensitivity, such that more frequent cannabis use was associated with poorer overall health and role functioning due to health problems among veterans with higher anxiety sensitivity (but not lower). Findings suggest that anxiety sensitivity is a cognitive vulnerability linked to poor perceived physical health and impairment among frequent cannabis users and could be targeted, along with cannabis use, for health-promotion in cannabis users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Stewart
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Samantha G Farris
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.,The Miriam Hospital, Centers for Behavioral and Preventative Medicine, Providence, RI 02903 USA.,Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Kristina M Jackson
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Brian Borsari
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA
| | - Jane Metrik
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.,Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA.,Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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4
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Predictors of Heart-Focused Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Genetic Investigation and Counseling of Long QT Syndrome or Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A One Year Follow-up. J Genet Couns 2011; 21:72-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10897-011-9393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Leyro TM, Zvolensky MJ, Vujanovic AA, Johnson K, Gregor K. Perceived Physical Health and Heart-Focused Anxiety Among Daily Adult Cigarette Smokers: Associations with Affect-Relevant Smoking Motives and Outcome Expectancies. Cogn Behav Ther 2009; 39:11-23. [DOI: 10.1080/16506070902767621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M. Leyro
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Anka A. Vujanovic
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kirsten Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kristin Gregor
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont , Burlington, VT, USA
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Starcevic V, Berle D, Fenech P, Milicevic D, Lamplugh C, Hannan A. Distinctiveness of Perceived Health in Panic Disorder and Relation to Panic Disorder Severity. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-007-9181-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Bonn-Miller MO, Zvolensky MJ, Bernstein A, Stickle TR. Marijuana coping motives interact with marijuana use frequency to predict anxious arousal, panic related catastrophic thinking, and worry among current marijuana users. Depress Anxiety 2009; 25:862-73. [PMID: 17849459 DOI: 10.1002/da.20370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation evaluated whether coping motives for marijuana use interacted with past 30-day frequency of marijuana use in relation to anxiety-relevant variables among community-recruited young adult marijuana users (n=149). As expected, after covarying cigarettes per day, alcohol use, and total years of marijuana use, the interaction between frequency of past 30-day marijuana use and coping motives predicted anxious arousal symptoms, agoraphobic cognitions, and worry. Marijuana users who demonstrated high use frequency and high coping motives demonstrated the highest levels of anxiety across these anxiety-relevant criterion variables. No such effects were evident, as expected, for depressive symptoms, offering explanatory specificity for anxiety relative to depressive factors. These results are discussed in relation to better understanding the role of marijuana use and coping motives in regard to anxiety vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel O Bonn-Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0134, USA
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8
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Bernstein A, Zvolensky MJ, Sandin B, Chorot P, Stickle TR. Body vigilance: bi-national examination of the construct. Depress Anxiety 2009; 25:E81-91. [PMID: 17405161 DOI: 10.1002/da.20330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Two inter-related studies evaluated the measurement model and construct validity of body vigilance, as indexed by the body vigilance scale [BVS; Schmidt et al., 1997: J Consulting Clin Psychol 65:214-220]. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and convergent, discriminant, and incremental tests of validity of body vigilance were conducted among separate nonclinical samples from the United States (US) (study 1) and Spain (study 2). In both the US and Spanish samples, poor fit for the four-item unidimensional measurement model of body vigilance was observed; good fit, however, was found for a unidimensional, three-item measurement model. Subsequent analyses demonstrated both theoretically predicted as well as a number of unexpected associations between body vigilance and a variety of theoretically relevant external criterion variables. Results are discussed in terms of their clinical implications for advancing assessment of body vigilance and theoretical implications for better understanding the nomological nature of the construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bernstein
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA.
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Marshall EC, Zvolensky MJ, Sachs-Ericsson N, Schmidt NB, Bernstein A. Panic attacks and physical health problems in a representative sample: singular and interactive associations with psychological problems, and interpersonal and physical disability. J Anxiety Disord 2008; 22:78-87. [PMID: 17275252 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic attacks may be a risk marker for a variety of psychological problems and are associated with increased impairment in a host of domains. However, previous studies have not investigated the role of physical illness in the panic attack-disability relations, which is striking due to findings that physical illness is linked to both panic attacks and disability. The present investigation examined the singular and interactive effects of panic attacks and physical illness in relation to psychological, interpersonal, and physical types of impairment. METHOD Adult participants (4,745) recruited from the statewide Colorado Social Health Survey were administered the diagnostic interview schedule. RESULTS As predicted, main effects of panic attacks and physical illness were significantly related to psychiatric comorbidity, depressive symptoms, interpersonal functioning, physical functioning, and perceived general health (p<.05 for all associations). Also as predicted, interaction of panic attacks and physical illness was significantly related to all of the outcome variables (p<.05 for all associations). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that individuals with both panic attacks and physical illness experience elevated disability across a variety of dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C Marshall
- University of Vermont, Department of Psychology, United States
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10
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Zvolensky MJ, Kotov R, Bonn-Miller MO, Schmidt NB, Antipova AV. Anxiety sensitivity as a moderator of association between smoking status and panic-related processes in a representative sample of adults. J Psychiatr Res 2008; 42:69-77. [PMID: 17098257 PMCID: PMC2219200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2006] [Revised: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation evaluated a moderational role of anxiety sensitivity (fear of anxiety and anxiety-related states; [McNally RJ. Anxiety sensitivity and panic disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2002; 52:938-946.]) in the relation between smoking status and anxiety/depressive symptoms in a Russian epidemiological sample (n = 390; 197 females, Mean age = 43.55). Consistent with prediction, anxiety sensitivity moderated the association of smoking status with indices of anxiety and depressive symptoms; the effects were evident after controlling for the variance accounted for by alcohol use problems, environmental stress (past month), and gender. These findings are discussed with regard to the role of anxiety sensitivity in etiologic connection between smoking and panic-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, The University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Avenue, John Dewey Hall, Burlington, VT 05405-0134, USA.
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11
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Incremental Validity of Coping-oriented Marijuana Use Motives in the Prediction of Affect-based Psychological Vulnerability. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-007-9047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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McLeish AC, Zvolensky MJ, Smits JAJ, Bonn-Miller MO, Gregor KL. Concurrent associations between anxiety sensitivity and perceived health and health disability among young adult daily smokers. Cogn Behav Ther 2007; 36:1-11. [PMID: 17364647 DOI: 10.1080/16506070600794653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the incremental validity of anxiety sensitivity (fear of arousal-related physical and psychological sensations) relative to health factors (smoking variables, alcohol use and exercise level), in predicting perceived health and disability among a sample of 225 young adult daily smokers (102 females; M(age) = 23.9 years, SD = 8.8). Consistent with prediction, anxiety sensitivity, relative to smoking-relevant variables, alcohol consumption (a single frequency by quantity composite) and exercise activity, predicted lower perceived general health and impairments in mental health and social functioning; no incremental effects were evident for anxiety sensitivity for predicting impairments in physical functioning, role functioning, or increased healthcare usage. These findings are discussed with respect to better understanding cognitive factors that affect perceptions of health status and functioning among daily smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C McLeish
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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13
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Gastrointestinal-focused panic attacks among Cambodian refugees: associated psychopathology, flashbacks, and catastrophic cognitions. J Anxiety Disord 2007; 21:42-58. [PMID: 16650726 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Revised: 09/15/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Among Cambodian refugees attending a psychiatric clinic, we assessed psychopathology associated with gastrointestinal panic (GIP), and investigated possible causal mechanisms, including "fear of fear" and GIP-associated flashbacks and catastrophic cognitions. GIP (n=46) patients had greater psychopathology (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS] and Symptom Checklist-90-R [SCL]) and "fear of fear" (Anxiety Sensitivity Index [ASI]) than did non-GIP patients (n=84). Logistic regression revealed that general psychopathology (SCL; odds ratio=4.1) and fear of anxiety-related sensations (ASI; odds ratio=2.4) predicted the presence of GIP. Among GIP patients, a hierarchical regression revealed that GIP-associated trauma recall and catastrophic cognitions explained variance in GIP severity beyond a measure of general psychopathology (SCL). A mediational analysis indicated that SCL's effect on GIP severity was mediated by GIP-associated flashbacks and catastrophic cognitions.
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McLeish AC, Zvolensky MJ, Bonn-Miller MO, Bernstein A. Perceived health moderates the association between smoking rate and panic vulnerability variables among daily smokers. Depress Anxiety 2007; 23:257-65. [PMID: 16688733 DOI: 10.1002/da.20170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim in this investigation was to evaluate the moderating role of perceived health in the relation between smoking rate and panic variables in a community-based sample of 220 daily smokers (98 females; M(age)=23.76 years, SD=8.76). As hypothesized, the interaction between smoking and perceived health incrementally predicted anxiety sensitivity (fear of anxiety) and anxious arousal symptoms, but not depressive symptoms. Individuals who had higher smoking rates and lower perceived health reported higher levels of anxiety sensitivity and anxious arousal, but not depressive symptoms. The primary implication of these findings is that there may be segments of the cigarette smoking population who are at relatively greater risk for anxiety symptoms and fear of bodily sensations by virtue of individual differences in perceived health. The identification of such moderating effects is clinically important, because it helps to refine our understanding of complex associations between drug behavior and panic vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C McLeish
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Gregor K, Zvolensky MJ, Leen-Feldner EW, Yartz AR, Feldner MT. Perceived Health: A Test of Incremental Validity in Relation to Smoking Outcome Expectancies, Motivation to Smoke and Desire to Quit Smoking. Cogn Behav Ther 2007; 35:28-42. [PMID: 16500775 DOI: 10.1080/16506070510010666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the role of perceived health in predicting theoretically-relevant aspects of smoking behavior among 161 young adult regular smokers (67 females; mean age = 21.9 years (SD = 7.2), cigarettes per day (M) = 12.2 (SD = 5.7)) recruited from the general community. Consistent with prediction, results indicated that relative to anxiety sensitivity, gender, number of cigarettes smoked per day and nicotine dependence, perceived physical health uniquely and significantly predicted expectancies for negative affect reduction and expectancies that smoking would lead to negative personal consequences. Additionally, perceived health incrementally predicted motivation to smoke to reduce negative affect. In contrast to expectation, perceived health was unrelated to motivation to quit smoking. Results are discussed in relation to the role of perceived health as a cognitive vulnerability factor for specific types of smoking patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Gregor
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0134, USA
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Feldner MT, Babson KA, Zvolensky MJ, Vujanovic AA, Lewis SF, Gibson LE, Monson CM, Bernstein A. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and smoking to reduce negative affect: an investigation of trauma-exposed daily smokers. Addict Behav 2007; 32:214-27. [PMID: 16644135 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Revised: 03/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation examined the relations among posttraumatic stress symptoms and smoking motives. Participants included 100 daily smokers recruited from the community and university settings who reported exposure to at least one traumatic event that met criterion A for posttraumatic stress disorder. Consistent with prediction, higher levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with smoking to reduce negative affect; this relation was observed after controlling for variance accounted for by number of cigarettes smoked per day and gender. Results are discussed in terms of the implications of smoking to regulate affect among daily smokers who have been exposed to traumatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Feldner
- Prevention Sciences Division of the Intervention Sciences Laboratory, University of Arkansas, Department of Psychology, 216 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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Zvolensky MJ, Solomon SE, McLeish AC, Cassidy D, Bernstein A, Bowman CJ, Yartz AR. Incremental validity of mindfulness-based attention in relation to the concurrent prediction of anxiety and depressive symptomatology and perceptions of health. Cogn Behav Ther 2006; 35:148-58. [PMID: 16952898 DOI: 10.1080/16506070600674087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This investigation evaluated the role of mindfulness-based attention in concurrently predicting anxiety and depressive symptomatology and perceived health functioning in a community sample of 170 young adults (95 females; mean age (Mage) = 22.2 years, SD = 7.6). Partially consistent with prediction, results indicated that, relative to negative and positive affectivity and emotional expression and processing associated with approach-oriented coping, mindfulness-based attention incrementally predicted anhedonic depressive, but not anxious arousal, symptoms. Additionally, consistent with prediction, mindfulness-based attention demonstrated incremental validity in relation to perceived health, and the degree of impairment of health in terms of physical and mental functioning. Results are discussed in relation to the construct development of mindfulness-based attention, and specifically, the role(s) of this factor in emotional and physical health processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0134, USA.
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Zvolensky MJ, Bonn-Miller MO, Bernstein A, McLeish AC, Feldner MT, Leen-Feldner EW. Anxiety sensitivity interacts with marijuana use in the prediction of anxiety symptoms and panic-related catastrophic thinking among daily tobacco users. Behav Res Ther 2006; 44:907-24. [PMID: 16122698 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Revised: 06/26/2005] [Accepted: 06/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation evaluated whether anxiety sensitivity interacted with marijuana use in relation to the prediction of panic-relevant variables among young adult tobacco smokers (n=265). Approximately 73% of the sample was composed of current marijuana smokers, with 78.5% of this sub-sample using marijuana more than once per week. As expected, after covarying cigarettes per day, alcohol use, and negative affectivity, the interaction between marijuana use and anxiety sensitivity predicted anxiety symptoms and agoraphobic cognitions. Partially consistent with prediction, the interaction between frequency of marijuana use and anxiety sensitivity predicted only anxiety symptoms. These results are discussed in relation to better understanding the potential role of regular marijuana use and anxiety sensitivity for panic-relevant emotional vulnerability among regular tobacco smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, John Dewey Hall, 2 Colchester Avenue, Room 202, Burlington, 05405 0134, USA.
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Gregor KL, Zvolensky MJ, Yartz AR. Perceived health among individuals with panic disorder: associations with affective vulnerability and psychiatric disability. J Nerv Ment Dis 2005; 193:697-9. [PMID: 16208168 DOI: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000180745.36974.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation evaluated the predictive nature of perceived physical health in relation to affective vulnerability and psychiatric disability among individuals with panic disorder. Participants included 39 individuals (Mage = 25.86; 69% female) with a primary diagnosis of panic disorder (with and without agoraphobia) recruited through the general community. As expected, poor physical health perceptions are significantly related to greater panic disorder severity and higher levels of anxiety sensitivity (fear of anxiety). Poorer perceived health also predicted higher levels of negative affectivity and increased impairment in both family/home responsibilities and social functioning. These findings are discussed with respect to understanding better how perceptions of health may influence the nature of panic disorder.
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