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Uboldi M, Gelain A, Buratti G, Chiappa A, Gazzaniga A, Melocchi A, Zema L. Polyvinyl alcohol-based capsule shells manufactured by injection molding as ready-to-use moisture barriers for the development of delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124373. [PMID: 38909921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
In this work, feasibility of injection molding was demonstrated for manufacturing capsule shells. 600 µm-thick prototypes were successfully molded with pharmaceutical-grade low-viscosity polyvinyl alcohols (PVAs), possibly added with a range of different fillers. They showed reproducible weight and thickness (CV < 2 and 5, respectively), compliant behavior upon piercing (holes diameter analogous to the reference), tunable release performance (immediate and pulsatile), and moisture protection capability. To assess the latter, an on-line method relying on near infrared spectroscopy measurements was set-up and validated. Based on the data collected and considering the versatility IM would provide for product shape/thickness/composition, PVA-based molded shells could help widening the portfolio of ready-to-use capsules, representing an interesting alternative to those commercially available. Indeed, these capsules could be filled with various formulations, even those with stability issues, and intended either for oral administration or for pulmonary delivery via single-dose dry powder inhalers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Uboldi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Andrea Gelain
- Freund-Vector Corporation European Lab, via E. Mattei 2, 20852, Villasanta, MB, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Buratti
- Freund-Vector Corporation European Lab, via E. Mattei 2, 20852, Villasanta, MB, Italy
| | - Arianna Chiappa
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy(1)
| | - Andrea Gazzaniga
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Alice Melocchi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy.
| | - Lucia Zema
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy
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Kumar S, Chatterjee N, Misra SK. Suitably Incorporated Hydrophobic, Redox-Active Drug in Poly Lactic Acid-Graphene Nanoplatelet Composite Generates 3D-Printed Medicinal Patch for Electrostimulatory Therapeutics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11858-11872. [PMID: 38801374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Polymer carbon composites have been reported for improved mechanical, thermal and electrical properties to provide reduced side effect by 3D printing personalized biomedical drug delivery devices. But control on homogeneity in loading and release of dopants like carbon allotropes and drugs, respectively, in the bulk and on the surface has always been a challenge. Herein, we are reporting a methodological cascade to achieve a model, customizable, 3D printed, homogeneously layered and electrically stimulatory, PLA-Graphene nanoplatelet (hl-PLGR) based drug delivery device, called 3D-est-MediPatch. The medicinal patch has been prepared by 3D-printing a Nic-hl-PLGR composite obtained by incorporating a redox active model drug, niclosamide (Nic) in hl-PLGR. The composite of Nic-hl-PLGR was characterized in three sequentially complex forms─composite film, hot melt extruded (HME) filament, and 3D printed (3DP) patches to understand the effect of filament extrusion and 3D-printing processes on Nic-hl-PLGR composite and overall drug incorporation efficiency and control. The incorporation of graphene was found to improve the homogeneity of the drug, and the hot melt extrusion improved the dispersion of drug and graphene fillers in the composite. The electroresponsive drug release from the Nic-hl-PLGR composite was found to be controllably accelerated compared to the drug release by diffusion, in simulated buffer condition. The released drug concentration was found to reach within the IC50 range for malignant melanoma cell (A375) and showed in vitro selectively, with reduced effects in noncancerous, fibroblast cells (NIH3T3). Further, the feasibility of application for this system was assessed in generating personalized 3D-est-MediPatch for skin, liver and spleen tissues in ex-vivo scenario. It showed excellent feasibility and efficacy of the 3D-est-MediPatch in controlled and personalized release of drugs during electrostimulation. Thus, a model platform, 3D-est-MediPatch, could be achieved by suitably incorporating a hydrophobic, redox-active drug (niclosamide) in poly lactic acid-graphene nanoplatelet composite for electrostimulatory therapeutics with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandarbh Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Niranjan Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Misra
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
- Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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Sanil K, Almotairy A, Uttreja P, Ashour EA. Formulation Development and Evaluation of Cannabidiol Hot-Melt Extruded Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Oral Applications. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:136. [PMID: 38862810 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a highly lipophilic compound with poor oral bioavailability, due to poor aqueous solubility and extensive pre-systemic metabolism. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of employing Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) technology for the continuous production of Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS) to improve the solubility and in vitro dissolution performance of CBD. Accordingly, different placebos were processed through HME in order to obtain a lead CBD loaded solid SEDDS. Two SEDDS were prepared with sesame oil, Poloxamer 188, Gelucire®59/14, PEO N80 and Soluplus®. Moreover, Vitamin E was added as an antioxidant. The SEDDS formulations demonstrated emulsification times of 9.19 and 9.30 min for F1 and F2 respectively. The formed emulsions showed smaller droplet size ranging from 150-400 nm that could improve lymphatic uptake of CBD and reduce first pass metabolism. Both formulations showed significantly faster in vitro dissolution rate (90% for F1 and 83% for F2) compared to 14% for the pure CBD within the first hour, giving an enhanced release profile. The formulations were tested for stability over a 60-day time period at 4°C, 25°C, and 40°C. Formulation F1 was stable over the 60-day time-period at 4°C. Therefore, the continuous HME technology could replace conventional methods for processing SEDDS and improve the oral delivery of CBD for better therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavish Sanil
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Ahmed Almotairy
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah AlMunawarah, 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prateek Uttreja
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Eman A Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA.
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Gupta A, Dahima R, Panda SK, Gupta A, Singh GD, Wani TA, Hussain A, Rathore D. QbD-Based Development and Evaluation of Pazopanib Hydrochloride Extrudates Prepared by Hot-Melt Extrusion Technique: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:764. [PMID: 38931886 PMCID: PMC11206766 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pazopanib hydrochloride (PZB) is a protein kinase inhibitor approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and European agencies for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and other renal malignancies. However, it exhibits poor aqueous solubility and inconsistent oral drug absorption. In this regard, the current research work entails the development and evaluation of the extrudates of pazopanib hydrochloride by the hot-melt extrusion (HME) technique for solubility enhancement and augmenting oral bioavailability. RESULTS Solid dispersion of the drug was prepared using polymers such as Kollidon VA64, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), Eudragit EPO, and Affinisol 15LV in a 1:2 ratio by the HME process through a lab-scale 18 mm extruder. Systematic optimization of the formulation variables was carried out with the help of custom screening design (JMP Software by SAS, Version 14.0) to study the impact of polymer type and plasticizer level on the quality of extrudate processability by measuring the torque value, appearance, and disintegration time as the responses. The polymer blends containing Kollidon VA64 and Affinisol 15LV resulted in respective clear transparent extrudates, while Eudragit EPO and HPMC extrudates were found to be opaque white and brownish, respectively. Furthermore, evaluation of the impact of process parameters such as screw rpm and barrel temperature was measured using a definitive screening design on the extrude appearance, torque, disintegration time, and dissolution profile. Based on the statistical outcomes, it can be concluded that barrel temperature has a significant impact on torque, disintegration time, and dissolution at 30 min, while screw speed has an insignificant impact on the response variables. Affinisol extrudates showed less moisture uptake and faster dissolution in comparison to Kollidon VA64 extrudates. Affinisol extrudates were evaluated for polymorphic stability up to a 3-month accelerated condition and found no recrystallization. PZB-Extrudates using the Affinisol polymer (Test formulation A) revealed significantly higher bioavailability (AUC) in comparison to the free Pazopanib drug and marketed formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Takshashila Campus, Ring Road, Indore 452001, India; (R.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Rashmi Dahima
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Takshashila Campus, Ring Road, Indore 452001, India; (R.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Sunil K. Panda
- Research & Development, GM Pharmaceutical Inc., 0114 Tbilisi, Georgia;
| | - Annie Gupta
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Gaurav Deep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Radha Govind University, Ramgarh 829122, India
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Devashish Rathore
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Takshashila Campus, Ring Road, Indore 452001, India; (R.D.); (D.R.)
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Patil H, Vemula SK, Narala S, Lakkala P, Munnangi SR, Narala N, Jara MO, Williams RO, Terefe H, Repka MA. Hot-Melt Extrusion: from Theory to Application in Pharmaceutical Formulation-Where Are We Now? AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:37. [PMID: 38355916 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hot-melt extrusion (HME) is a globally recognized, robust, effective technology that enhances the bioavailability of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients and offers an efficient continuous manufacturing process. The twin-screw extruder (TSE) offers an extremely resourceful customizable mixer that is used for continuous compounding and granulation by using different combinations of conveying elements, kneading elements (forward and reverse configuration), and distributive mixing elements. TSE is thus efficiently utilized for dry, wet, or melt granulation not only to manufacture dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, or granule-filled sachets, but also for designing novel formulations such as dry powder inhalers, drying units for granules, nanoextrusion, 3D printing, complexation, and amorphous solid dispersions. Over the past decades, combined academic and pharmaceutical industry collaborations have driven novel innovations for HME technology, which has resulted in a substantial increase in published articles and patents. This article summarizes the challenges and models for executing HME scale-up. Additionally, it covers the benefits of continuous manufacturing, process analytical technology (PAT) considerations, and regulatory requirements. In summary, this well-designed review builds upon our earlier publication, probing deeper into the potential of twin-screw extruders (TSE) for various new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Patil
- Department of Product Development, Catalent Pharma Solutions, 14 Schoolhouse Road, Somerset, New Jersey, 08873, USA
| | - Sateesh Kumar Vemula
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Preethi Lakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Siva Ram Munnangi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Nagarjuna Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Miguel O Jara
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Robert O Williams
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Hibreniguss Terefe
- Department of Product Development, Catalent Pharma Solutions, 14 Schoolhouse Road, Somerset, New Jersey, 08873, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA.
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA.
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Uboldi M, Chiappa A, Rossi M, Briatico-Vangosa F, Melocchi A, Zema L. Development of a multi-component gastroretentive expandable drug delivery system (GREDDS) for personalized administration of metformin. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:131-149. [PMID: 38088371 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2294884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Efficacy and compliance of type II diabetes treatment would greatly benefit from dosage forms providing controlled release of metformin in the upper gastrointestinal tract. In this respect, the feasibility of a new system ensuring stomach-retention and personalized release of this drug at its absorption window for multiple days was investigated. METHODS The system proposed comprised of a drug-containing core and a viscoelastic umbrella-like skeleton, which were manufactured by melt-casting and 3D printing. Prototypes, alone or upon assembly and insertion into commercially-available capsules, were characterized for key parameters: thermo-mechanical properties, accelerated stability, degradation, drug release, deployment performance, and resistance to simulated gastric contractions. RESULTS Each part of the system was successfully manufactured using purposely-selected materials and the performance of final prototypes matched the desired one. This included: i) easy folding of the skeleton against the core in the collapsed administered shape, ii) rapid recovery of the cumbersome configuration at the target site, even upon storage, and iii) prolonged release of metformin. CONCLUSIONS Composition, geometry, and performance of the system developed in this work were deemed acceptable for stomach-retention and prolonged as well as customizable release of metformin in its absorption window, laying promising bases for further development steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Uboldi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Arianna Chiappa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Briatico-Vangosa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Melocchi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Lucia Zema
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Huzjak T, Jakasanovski O, Berginc K, Puž V, Zajc-Kreft K, Jeraj Ž, Janković B. Overcoming drug impurity challenges in amorphous solid dispersion with rational development of biorelevant dissolution-permeation method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106655. [PMID: 38016626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Hot-melt extrusion is often used to prepare amorphous solid dispersion to overcome low drug solubility and enhance bio-performance of the formulation. Due to the uniqueness of each drug - polymer combination and its physico-chemical properties, setting the appropriate HME barrel temperature, feed rate and screw speed ensures drug amorphization, absence of residual crystallinity, absence of water, and a suitable drug release profile. In this research, samples with BCS II/IV model drug and PVP/VA polymer were prepared to evaluate the impact of HME process parameters, incoming drug form (anhydrous vs. hydrate), and drug supplier (i.e., impurity profile), on biorelevant drug release. This study provides a relationship between observed in vitro supersaturation and precipitation behavior of amorphous solid dispersion formulation with in vivo results, on patients, by using the acceptor profile of side-by-side dissolution-permeation apparatus. An in vitro dissolution method, in small volumes, in an apparatus with paddles and dissolution-permeation side-by-side method was developed on the MicroFlux™ apparatus to assess if the differences observed in vitro bears relevance to the bioequivalence outcome in vivo. The former was used to guide the generic drug product development due to high discriminatory strength, while the latter was biorelevant, due to the inclusion of the second compartment assuring absorptive environment to capture the impact of supersaturation and subsequent precipitation on bioavailability. Bio-relevancy of the in vitro method was confirmed with the in vivo dog study and clinical study on patients, and an in vitro - in vivo correlation was established. For the investigated BCS II/IV drug, this research highlights the importance of considering supersaturation and formation of colloidal species during amorphous solid dispersion release testing to assure product quality, safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Huzjak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia; Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia.
| | - O Jakasanovski
- Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia
| | - K Berginc
- Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia
| | - V Puž
- Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia
| | - K Zajc-Kreft
- Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia
| | - Ž Jeraj
- Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia
| | - B Janković
- Product Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova 57, Ljubljana 1526, Slovenia
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8
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Yoshida T, Kojima H. Oral Drug Delivery Systems Applied to Launched Products: Value for the Patients and Industrial Considerations. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5312-5331. [PMID: 37856863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDS) control the amount, rate, and site of administration of drug substances in the body as well as their release and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion). Among the various types of DDS, amount-controlled DDS for solubilization and absorption increase the bioavailability. Time- and amount-controlled DDS are controlled release formulations classified as (1) membrane-type, (2) matrix-type, (3) osmotic-type, and (4) ion-exchange type. Timed-release formulations also control the time and amount of release and the absorption of drugs. Site- and amount-controlled DDS are characterized by colonic delivery and intestinal lymph-targeting to improve release and ADME of drug substances. Finally, site-, time-, and amount-controlled DDS are gastroretentive formulations and local delivery in the oral cavity to improve site retention, release, and ADME of drugs. DDS can enhance efficacy, reduce adverse effects, and optimize the dosing frequency of various drug products to increase patient value. This review focuses on patient value and industrial considerations of launched oral DDS. We provide a technological overview of candidate and marketed DDS, as well as the pros/cons of the technologies for industrialization with consideration to excipients, manufacturing, and storage stability. Moreover, to demonstrate the usefulness of the technology and support the selection and development of the best technologies for patients, we also describe patient value from clinical studies and analyses, particularly with regard to increased new medical options, higher efficacy, reduced adverse effects, reduced number of doses and clinic visits, easier administration, higher quality of life, greater adherence, and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Yoshida
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc, 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc, 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
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9
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Chen H, Li X, Gong Y, Bu T, Wang X, Pan H. Unidirectional drug release from 3D printed personalized buccal patches using FDM technology. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123382. [PMID: 37683982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Oromucosal delivery of active ingredients of drugs provides a superior administration route for the treatment of oral diseases, due to avoidance of the first pass effect. In the present work, in view of the characteristics of large differences between oral ulcer symptoms and different lesion sizes, dexamethasone acetate unidirectional drug release buccal patches has been prepared based on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Unidirectional drug release was achieved by covering the top and side with ethyl cellulose. Polyvinyl alcohol as a drug carrier, xylitol as a plasticizer. First, the protection effect of different thicknesses of the protective layer is investigated to determine the thickness of the protective layer. Co-extrusion printing method was adapted, utilizing blank filament to regulate preparations with different areas' drug loading. The results show that co-extrusion had no significant impact on the overall patches' drug release and adhesion properties. The physicochemical properties of the patches were also characterized. Evaluation of irritation is showed that these patches do not cause irritation to the oral mucosa of rats. Pharmacodynamic evaluation results showed that the preparation could promote the reduction of ulcer area. The results showed that FDM printing is a convenient and practical approach in manufacturing buccal patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China; School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ye Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Tianshi Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
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10
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Ravasi E, Melocchi A, Arrigoni A, Chiappa A, Gennari CGM, Uboldi M, Bertarelli C, Zema L, Briatico Vangosa F. Electrospinning of pullulan-based orodispersible films containing sildenafil. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123258. [PMID: 37479102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Feasibility of electrospinning in the manufacturing of sildenafil-containing orodispersible films (ODFs) intended to enhance oxygenation and to reduce pulmonary arterial pressure in pediatric patients was evaluated. Given the targeted subjects, the simplest and safest formulation was chosen, using water as the only solvent and pullulan, a natural polymer, as the sole fiber-forming agent. A systematic characterization in terms of shear and extensional viscosity as well as surface tension of solutions containing different amounts of pullulan and sildenafil was carried out. Accordingly, electrospinning parameters enabling the continuous production, at the highest possible rate, of defect-free fibers with uniform diameter in the nanometer range were assessed. Morphology, microstructure, drug content and relevant solid state as well as ability of the resulting non-woven films to interact with aqueous fluids were evaluated. To better define the role of the fibrous nanostructure on the performance of ODFs, analogous films were produced by spin- and blade-coating and tested. Interestingly, the disintegration process of electrospun products turned out to be the fastest (i.e. occurring within few s) and compliant with Ph. Eur. and USP limits, making relevant ODFs particularly promising for increasing sildenafil bioavailability, thus lowering its dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Ravasi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Melocchi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessia Arrigoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Arianna Chiappa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Grazia Milena Gennari
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Uboldi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Bertarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lucia Zema
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Francesco Briatico Vangosa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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11
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Matadh AV, Echanur A, Suresh S, Chede L, Maibach H, Kulkarni V, Murthy SN, H N S. Can Continuous Manufacturing of Topical Semisolids by Hot Melt Extrusion Soon Be a Reality? Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3779-3790. [PMID: 37421361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
For more than five decades, pharmaceutical manufacturers have been relying heavily on batch manufacturing that is a sequential, multistep, laborious, and time-consuming process. However, late advances in manufacturing technologies have prompted manufacturers to consider continuous manufacturing (CM) is a feasible manufacturing process that encompasses fewer steps and is less tedious and quick. Global regulatory agencies are taking a proactive role to facilitate pharmaceutical industries to adopt CM that assures product quality by employing robust manufacturing technologies encountering fewer interruptions, thereby substantially reducing product failures and recalls. However, adopting innovative CM is known to pose technical and regulatory challenges. Hot melt extrusion (HME) is one such state-of-the-art enabling technology that facilitates CM of diverse pharmaceutical dosage forms, including topical semisolids. Efforts have been made to continuously manufacture semisolids by HME integrating the principles of Quality by Design (QbD) and Quality Risk Management (QRM) and deploying Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) tools. Attempts have been made to systematically elucidate the effect of critical material attributes (CMA) and critical process parameters (CPP) on product critical quality attributes (CQA) and Quality Target Product Profiles (QTPP) deploying PAT tools. The article critically reviews the feasibility of one of the enabling technologies such as HME in CM of topical semisolids. The review highlights the benefits of the CM process and challenges ahead to implement the technology to topical semisolids. Once the CM of semisolids adopting melt extrusion integrated with PAT tools becomes a reality, the process can be extended to manufacture sterile semisolids that usually involve more critical processing steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha V Matadh
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Mahalaxmipuram, Bengaluru 560086, Karnataka, India
| | - Anusha Echanur
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Mahalaxmipuram, Bengaluru 560086, Karnataka, India
| | - Sarasija Suresh
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Mahalaxmipuram, Bengaluru 560086, Karnataka, India
| | - Laxmishanthi Chede
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Howard Maibach
- University of California, 2340 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California 94115, United States
| | - Vijay Kulkarni
- Steer Life Sciences, Fourth Phase, Peenya, Industrial Area, Bengaluru 560058, Karnataka, India
| | - S Narasimha Murthy
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Mahalaxmipuram, Bengaluru 560086, Karnataka, India
- Topical Products Testing, LLC, 9, Industrial Park Drive, Oxford, Mississippi 38655, United States
| | - Shivakumar H N
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Mahalaxmipuram, Bengaluru 560086, Karnataka, India
- KLE College of Pharmacy, Second Block, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru 560010, Karnataka, India
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12
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Controlled delivery via hot-melt extrusion: A focus on non-biodegradable carriers for non-oral applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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13
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Aikawa S, Tanaka H, Ueda H, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Formation of a Stable Co-Amorphous System for a Brick Dust Molecule by Utilizing Sodium Taurocholate with High Glass Transition Temperature. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:84. [PMID: 36678713 PMCID: PMC9864160 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brick dust molecules are usually poorly soluble in water and lipoidal components, making it difficult to formulate them in dosage forms that provide efficient pharmacological effects. A co-amorphous system is an effective strategy to resolve these issues. However, their glass transition temperatures (Tg) are relatively lower than those of polymeric amorphous solid dispersions, suggesting the instability of the co-amorphous system. This study aimed to formulate a stable co-amorphous system for brick dust molecules by utilizing sodium taurocholate (NaTC) with a higher Tg. A novel neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonist (AntiY5R) and NaTC with Tg of 155 °C were used as the brick dust model and coformer, respectively. Ball milling formed a co-amorphous system for AntiY5R and NaTC (AntiY5R-NaTC) at various molar ratios. Deviation from the theoretical Tg value and peak shifts in Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated intermolecular interactions between AntiY5R and NaTC. AntiY5R-NaTC at equal molar ratios resulting in an 8.5-fold increase in AntiY5R solubility over its crystalline form. The co-amorphous system remained amorphous for 1 month at 25 °C and 40 °C. These results suggest that the co-amorphous system formed by utilizing NaTC as a coformer could stably maintain the amorphous state and enhance the solubility of brick dust molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hironori Tanaka
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Bioanalytical, Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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14
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Expandable Drug Delivery Systems Based on Shape Memory Polymers: Impact of Film Coating on Mechanical Properties and Release and Recovery Performance. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122814. [PMID: 36559306 PMCID: PMC9786903 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Retentive drug delivery systems (DDSs) are intended for prolonged residence and release inside hollow muscular organs, to achieve either local or systemic therapeutic goals. Recently, formulations based on shape memory polymers (SMPs) have gained attention in view of their special ability to recover a shape with greater spatial encumbrance at the target organ (e.g., urinary bladder or stomach), triggered by contact with biological fluids at body temperature. In this work, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), a pharmaceutical-grade SMP previously shown to be an interesting 4D printing candidate, was employed to fabricate expandable organ-retentive prototypes by hot melt extrusion. With the aim of improving the mechanical resistance of the expandable DDS and slowing down relevant drug release, the application of insoluble permeable coatings based on either Eudragit® RS/RL or Eudragit® NE was evaluated using simple I-shaped specimens. The impact of the composition and thickness of the coating on the shape memory, swelling, and release behavior as well as on the mechanical properties of these specimens was thoroughly investigated and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy was demonstrated by the results obtained.
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15
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SEDEX-Self-Emulsifying Delivery Via Hot Melt Extrusion: A Continuous Pilot-Scale Feasibility Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122617. [PMID: 36559111 PMCID: PMC9783592 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a continuous pilot-scale solidification and characterization of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) via hot melt extrusion (HME) using Soluplus® and Kollidon® VA-64. First, an oil-binding capacity study was performed to estimate the maximal amount of SEDDSs that the polymers could bind. Then, HME was conducted using a Coperion 18 mm ZSK18 pilot plant-scale extruder with split-feeding of polymer and SEDDS in 10, 20, and 30% w/w SEDDSs was conducted. The prepared extrudates were characterized depending on appearance, differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, emulsification time, droplet size, polydispersity index, and cloud point. The oil-binding studies showed that the polymers were able to bind up to 50% w/w of liquid SEDDSs. The polymers were processed via HME in a temperature range between 110 and 160 °C, where a plasticizing effect of the SEDDSs was observed. The extrudates were found to be stable in the amorphous state and self-emulsified in demineralized water at 37 °C with mean droplet sizes between 50 and 300 nm. A cloud point and phase inversion were evident in the Soluplus® samples. In conclusion, processing SEDDSs with HME could be considered a promising alternative to the established solidification techniques as well as classic amorphous solid dispersions for drug delivery.
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16
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Nyavanandi D, Mandati P, Narala S, Alzahrani A, Kolimi P, Pradhan A, Bandari S, Repka MA. Feasibility of high melting point hydrochlorothiazide processing via cocrystal formation by hot melt extrusion paired fused filament fabrication as a 3D-printed cocrystal tablet. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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17
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Spoerk M, Koutsamanis I, Kottlan A, Makert C, Piller M, Rajkovaca M, Paudel A, Khinast J. Continuous Processing of Micropellets via Hot-Melt Extrusion. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:264. [PMID: 36163535 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticulate drug delivery systems, e.g., micropellets (MPs), are used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations such as suspensions, injectable systems, and capsules. MPs are currently manufactured mainly via batch, solvent-based processes, e.g., spray-drying and solvent evaporation-extraction. In this paper, we present a novel, solvent-free, continuous hot-melt extrusion-based approach with an inline cold pelletization step and the potential of unprecedented on-the-fly formulation changes, aiming at producing the smallest particles usable for injectable applications. A biodegradable, crystalline dispersion consisting of poly(DL-lactic acid) (PLA) filled with metformin as the model drug was chosen on purpose to elucidate the broad applicability of the process also to formulations with limited stretchability and complex pelletizability. Next to optical/statistical particle analyses and in-line high-speed camera investigations providing insights into the pelletization process, the injectability of the most promising micropellets was compared to that of one marketed formulation. Fast extrudate haul-off speeds and high numbers of pelletizer knives resulted in particles with a narrow and small particle size distribution with a d50 below 270 µm and aspect ratios close to 1. To omit protruding drug particles to ensure sufficient extrudate stretchability and allow for the smallest MPs, it was found that the d90 of the embedded drug must be significantly below the extrudate diameter. Upon adapting the syringe diameter, the produced micropellets revealed similar injectability parameters to the marketed formulation, showcasing the potential that the proposed setup has for the manufacturing of novel microparticulate formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Ioannis Koutsamanis
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Kottlan
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Michael Piller
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Manuel Rajkovaca
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
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18
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Zupančič O, Spoerk M, Paudel A. Lipid-based solubilization technology via hot melt extrusion: promises and challenges. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1013-1032. [PMID: 35943158 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) are a promising strategy to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs (PWSD). The excipients of SEDDS enable permeation through the mucus and gastro-intestinal barrier, inhibiting efflux transporters (e.g. P-glycoprotein) of drugs. Poor drug loading capacity and formulation instability are the main setbacks of traditional SEDDS. The use of polymeric precipitation inhibitors was shown to create supersaturable SEDDS with increased drug payload, and their solidification can help to overcome the instability challenge. As an alternative to several existing SEDDS solidification technologies, hot melt extrusion (HME) holds the potential for lean and continuous manufacturing of supersaturable solid-SEDDS. Despite being ubiquitously applied in solid lipid and polymeric processing, HME has not yet been widely considered for the preparation of SEDDS. AREAS COVERED The review begins with the rationale why SEDDS as the preferred lipid-based delivery systems (LBDS) is suitable for the oral delivery of PWSD and discusses the common barriers to oral administration. The potential of LBDS to surmount them is discussed. SEDDS as the flagship of LBDS for PWSD is proposed with a special emphasis on solid-SEDDS. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of HME from the lipid-based excipient (LBE) processing and product performance standpoint are highlighted. EXPERT OPINION HME can be a continuous, solvent-free, cost-effective, and scalable technology for manufacturing solid supersaturable SEDDS. Several critical formulations and process parameters in successfully preparing SEDDS via HME are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ožbej Zupančič
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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19
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Sainaga Jyothi VG, Ghouse SM, Khatri DK, Nanduri S, Singh SB, Madan J. Lipid nanoparticles in topical dermal drug delivery: Does chemistry of lipid persuade skin penetration? J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Kalkal A, Allawadhi P, Kumar P, Sehgal A, Verma A, Pawar K, Pradhan R, Paital B, Packirisamy G. Sensing and 3D printing technologies in personalized healthcare for the management of health crises including the COVID-19 outbreak. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2022; 3:100180. [PMID: 35601184 PMCID: PMC9107332 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A major threat that has surrounded human civilization since the beginning of the year 2020 is the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and significantly affected populations globally, causing medical and economic despair. Healthcare chains across the globe have been under grave stress owing to shortages of medical equipments necessary to address a pandemic. Furthermore, personal protective equipment supplies, mandatory for healthcare staff for treating severely ill patients, have been in short supply. To address the necessary requisites during the pandemic, several researchers, hospitals, and industries collaborated to meet the demand for these medical equipments in an economically viable manner. In this context, 3D printing technologies have provided enormous potential in creating personalized healthcare equipment, including face masks, face shields, rapid detection kits, testing swabs, biosensors, and various ventilator components. This has been made possible by capitalizing on centralized large-scale manufacturing using 3D printing and local distribution of verified and tested computer-aided design files. The primary focus of this study is, "How 3D printing is helpful in developing these equipments, and how it can be helpful in the development and deployment of various sensing and point-of-care-testing (POCTs) devices for the commercialization?" Further, the present study also takes care of patient safety by implementing novel 3D printed health equipment used for COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the study helps identify and highlight the efforts made by various organizations toward the usage of 3D printing technologies, which are helpful in combating the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kalkal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Institute Instrumentation Center, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Abhishek Sehgal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Ashmit Verma
- Divyasampark iHUB Roorkee for Devices, Materials and Technology Foundation, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Kaustubh Pawar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Rangadhar Pradhan
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Gopinath Packirisamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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21
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Rao RR, Pandey A, Hegde AR, Kulkarni VI, Chincholi C, Rao V, Bhushan I, Mutalik S. Metamorphosis of Twin Screw Extruder-Based Granulation Technology: Applications Focusing on Its Impact on Conventional Granulation Technology. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:24. [PMID: 34907508 PMCID: PMC8816530 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to be at pace with the market requirements of solid dosage forms and regulatory standards, a transformation towards systematic processing using continuous manufacturing (CM) and automated model-based control is being thought through for its fundamental advantages over conventional batch manufacturing. CM eliminates the key gaps through the integration of various processes while preserving quality attributes via the use of process analytical technology (PAT). The twin screw extruder (TSE) is one such equipment adopted by the pharmaceutical industry as a substitute for the traditional batch granulation process. Various types of granulation techniques using twin screw extrusion technology have been explored in the article. Furthermore, individual components of a TSE and their conjugation with PAT tools and the advancements and applications in the field of nutraceuticals and nanotechnology have also been discussed. Thus, the future of granulation lies on the shoulders of continuous TSE, where it can be coupled with computational mathematical studies to mitigate its complications.
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22
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Granados PA, Pinho LA, Sa-Barreto LL, Gratieri T, Gelfuso GM, Cunha-Filho M. Application of hot-melt extrusion in the complexation of naringenin with cyclodextrin using hydrophilic polymers. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Fraile-Martínez O, García-Montero C, Coca A, Álvarez-Mon MA, Monserrat J, Gómez-Lahoz AM, Coca S, Álvarez-Mon M, Acero J, Bujan J, García-Honduvilla N, Asúnsolo Á, Ortega MA. Applications of Polymeric Composites in Bone Tissue Engineering and Jawbone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193429. [PMID: 34641243 PMCID: PMC8512420 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based composites are a group of biomaterials that exert synergic and combined activity. There are multiple reported uses of these composites in multiple biomedical areas, such as drug carriers, in wound dressings, and, more prominently, in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Bone grafting is a promising field in the use of polymeric composites, as this is the second most frequently transplanted organ in the United States. Advances in novel biomaterials, such as polymeric composites, will undoubtedly be of great aid in bone tissue engineering and regeneration. In this paper, a general view of bone structure and polymeric composites will be given, discussing the potential role of these components in bone tissue. Moreover, the most relevant jawbone and maxillofacial applications of polymeric composites will be revised in this article, collecting the main knowledge about this topic and emphasizing the need of further clinical studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Miguel Angel Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Gómez-Lahoz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Julio Acero
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, University of Alcalá, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (A.C.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (J.M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.O.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Wen X, Deng Z, Xu Y, Yan G, Deng X, Wu L, Liang Q, Fang F, Feng X, Yu M, He J. Preparation and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating/Modified-Release Praziquantel Tablets. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101567. [PMID: 34683860 PMCID: PMC8538324 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to develop orally disintegrating/sustained-release praziquantel (PZQ) tablets using the hot-melt extrusion (HME) technique and direct compression, and subsequently evaluate their release in in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics. For the extrusion process, hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMCAS)-LG was the carrier of pure PZQ, with a standard screw configuration used at an extrusion temperature of 140 °C and a screw rotation speed of 100 rpm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed to characterize the extrudate. Orally disintegrating/sustained-release praziquantel tablets (PZQ ODSRTs) were prepared by direct compression after appropriate excipients were blended with the extrudate. The release amount was 5.10% in pH 1.0 hydrochloric acid at 2 h and over 90% in phosphoric acid buffer at 45 min, indicating the enteric-coating character of PZQ ODSRTs. Compared with the pharmacokinetics of marketed PZQ tablets (Aipuruike®) in dogs, the times to peak (Tmax), elimination half-life (t1/2λ) and mean residence time (MRT) were extended in PZQ ODSRTs, and the relative bioavailability of PZQ ODSRTs was up to 184.48% of that of Aipuruike®. This study suggested that PZQ ODSRTs may have potential for the clinical treatment of parasitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Zhaoyou Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Yangfeng Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Guoqing Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Liqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Qiuling Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Xin Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Meiling Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-771-3235635 (M.Y. & J.H.); Fax: +86-771-3270149 (M.Y. & J.H.)
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.W.); (Z.D.); (Y.X.); (G.Y.); (X.D.); (L.W.); (Q.L.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-771-3235635 (M.Y. & J.H.); Fax: +86-771-3270149 (M.Y. & J.H.)
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Narkhede RG, Athawale RB. Screening of Selective C16 to C18 Lipids and Process Optimization Based on Design of Experiments in Formulating Solid Lipid Microparticles by Twin Screw Hot Melt Dispersion Process. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kapourani A, Palamidi A, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Bikiaris ND, Barmpalexis P. Drug Amorphous Solid Dispersions Based on Poly(vinyl Alcohol): Evaluating the Effect of Poly(propylene Succinate) as Plasticizer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172922. [PMID: 34502962 PMCID: PMC8434550 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although significant actions have been taken towards the utilization of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the preparation of drug amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) using fusion-based techniques (such as melt-quench cooling and hot-melt extrusion), several drawbacks regarding its rather high melting temperature and its thermal degradation profile make the use of the polymer extremely challenging. This is especially important when the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) has a lower melting temperature (than PVA) or when it is thermally labile. In this vein, a previous study showed that newly synthesized polyester-based plasticizers may improve the processability and the thermal properties of PVA. However, the effects of such polyester-based plasticizers on the drug’s physicochemical and pharmaco-technical properties are yet unknown. Hence, the aim of the present study is to extend our previous findings and evaluate the use of poly(propylene succinate) (PPSu, i.e., the most promising plasticizer in regard to PVA) in the preparation of drug-loaded PVA-based ASDs. Dronedarone (DRN), a poorly water-soluble API, was selected as a model drug, and drug ASDs (using either neat PVA or PVA-PPSu) were prepared using the melt-mixing/quench cooling approach at low melting temperatures (i.e., 170 °C). DSC and pXRD analysis showed that a portion of the API remained crystalline in the ASDs prepared only with the use of neat PVA, while the samples having PPSu as a plasticizer were completely amorphous. Further evaluation with ATR-FTIR spectroscopy revealed the formation of significant intermolecular interactions between the API and the PVA-PPSu matrix, which could explain the system’s physical stability during storage. Finally, dissolution studies, conducted under nonsink conditions, revealed that the use of PVA-PPSu is able to maintain DRN’s sustained supersaturation for up to 8 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Kapourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (A.P.); (K.N.K.)
| | - Artemis Palamidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (A.P.); (K.N.K.)
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos N. Kontogiannopoulos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (A.P.); (K.N.K.)
| | - Nikolaos D. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Barmpalexis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (A.P.); (K.N.K.)
- Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence-AUTH (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Melocchi A, Uboldi M, Cerea M, Foppoli A, Maroni A, Moutaharrik S, Palugan L, Zema L, Gazzaniga A. Shape memory materials and 4D printing in pharmaceutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:216-237. [PMID: 33774118 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Shape memory materials (SMMs), including alloys and polymers, can be programmed into a temporary configuration and then recover the original shape in which they were processed in response to a triggering external stimulus (e.g. change in temperature or pH, contact with water). For this behavior, SMMs are currently raising a lot of attention in the pharmaceutical field where they could bring about important innovations in the current treatments. 4D printing involves processing of SMMs by 3D printing, thus adding shape evolution over time to the already numerous customization possibilities of this new manufacturing technology. SMM-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) proposed in the scientific literature were here reviewed and classified according to the target pursued through the shape recovery process. Administration route, therapeutic goal, temporary and original shape, triggering stimulus, main innovation features and possible room for improvement of the DDSs were especially highlighted.
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Dumpa N, Butreddy A, Wang H, Komanduri N, Bandari S, Repka MA. 3D printing in personalized drug delivery: An overview of hot-melt extrusion-based fused deposition modeling. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120501. [PMID: 33746011 PMCID: PMC8089048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in pharmaceutical technologies have led to the personalization of therapies over the last decade. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is an emerging technique in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical dosage forms because of its potential to create complex and customized dosage forms according to the patient's needs. Among the various 3DP techniques based on different functioning mechanisms, fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing is a versatile and widely used method with advantages such as precision of quantity and the ability to incorporate different fill densities. This method is also economical and easily produces complex designs. Hot-melt extrusion (HME) is an established technique in pharmaceutical manufacturing that is utilized in the development of filaments which are used as "ink roll" or feedstock material in FDM 3D printing. This review discusses the various stages involved in FDM 3D printing, including feedstock filament preparation using HME, digital dosage form designs, filament characterization, and various novel applications, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagireddy Dumpa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Arun Butreddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Honghe Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Neeraja Komanduri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Bandari S, Nyavanandi D, Dumpa N, Repka MA. Coupling hot melt extrusion and fused deposition modeling: Critical properties for successful performance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:52-63. [PMID: 33571550 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interest in 3D printing for pharmaceutical applications has increased in recent years. Compared to other 3D printing techniques, hot melt extrusion (HME)-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing has been the most extensively investigated for patient-focused dosage. HME technology can be coupled with FDM 3D printing as a continuous manufacturing process. However, the crucial pharmaceutical polymers, formulation and process parameters must be investigated to establish HME-coupled FDM 3D printing. These advancements will lead the way towards developing continuous drug delivery systems for personalized therapy. This brief overview classifies pharmaceutical additive manufacturing, Hot Melt Extrusion, and Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printing techniques with a focus on coupling HME and FDM 3D printing processes. It also provides insights on the critical material properties, process and equipment parameters and limitations of successful HME-coupled FDM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Nagireddy Dumpa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Butreddy A, Bandari S, Repka MA. Quality-by-design in hot melt extrusion based amorphous solid dispersions: An industrial perspective on product development. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 158:105655. [PMID: 33253883 PMCID: PMC7855693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An industrially feasible approach to overcome the solubility and bioavailability limitations of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients is the development of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) using hot-melt extrusion (HME) technique. The application of Quality by Design (QbD) had a profound impact on the development of HME-based ASDs. The formulation and process optimization of ASDs manufactured via HME techniques require an understanding of critical quality attributes, critical material attributes, critical process parameters, risk assessment tools, and experimental designs. The knowledge gained from each of these QbD elements helps ensure the consistency of product quality. The selection and implementation of appropriate Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology to screen and optimize the formulation and process variables remain a major challenge. This review provides a comprehensive overview on QbD concepts in HME-based ASDs with an emphasis on DoE methodologies. Further, the information provided in this review can assist researchers in selecting a suitable design with optimal experimental conditions. Specifically, this review has focused on the prediction of drug-polymer miscibility, the elements and sequence of QbD, and various screening and optimization designs, to provide insights into the formulation and process variables that are encountered routinely in the production of HME-based ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Butreddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Sarabu S, Kallakunta VR, Butreddy A, Janga KY, Ajjarapu S, Bandari S, Zhang F, Murthy SN, Repka MA. A One-Step Twin-Screw Melt Granulation with Gelucire 48/16 and Surface Adsorbent to Improve the Solubility of Poorly Soluble Drugs: Effect of Formulation Variables on Dissolution and Stability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:79. [PMID: 33606113 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate is an effective lipid-lowering drug; however, its poor solubility and high log p (5.2) result in insufficient absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, leading to poor bioavailability. In this study, a one-step continuous twin-screw melt granulation process was investigated to improve the solubility and dissolution of fenofibrate using Gelucire® 48/16 and Neusilin® US2 as the solubilizer and surface adsorbent, respectively. The formulations (granules) were prepared at different ratios of fenofibrate, Gelucire® 48/16, and Neusilin® US2 based on phase-solubility studies and characterized using dissolution, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy analyses and studies on flow properties. In the phase-solubility studies, a linear relation was observed between Gelucire® 48/16 concentration and the amount of fenofibrate dissolved. In contrast, the dissolution rate of the prepared formulations was independent of the fenofibrate: Gelucire® 48/16 ratio and dependent on the Neusilin® US2 levels in the formulation. Increasing Neusilin® US2 levels decreased the rate of dissolution of the granules but improved the stability of the tablets under storage at accelerated stability conditions. Interestingly, higher Gelucire® 48/16 levels in the granules resulted in tablets with a hard matrix, which slowed disintegration and dissolution. All formulations exhibited improved dissolution compared to pure fenofibrate.
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Ngilirabanga JB, Samsodien H. Pharmaceutical co‐crystal: An alternative strategy for enhanced physicochemical properties and drug synergy. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Halima Samsodien
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science University of the Western Cape Bellville South Africa
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Emam MF, Taha NF, Mursi NM, Emara LH. Preparation, characterization and in-Vitro/in-Vivo evaluation of meloxicam extruded pellets with enhanced bioavailability and stability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 47:163-175. [PMID: 33297790 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1862175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study involved enhancement of Meloxicam (MX) oral absorption for rapid onset of therapeutic action. A challenging approach using hot-melt-extrusion technique (HME) for production of stable novel preparation of MX pellets was successfully proposed. METHODS Manipulating HME processing parameters (barrel-temperatures and screw-speed) and proper polymer(s) selection (Soluplus, a combination of Soluplus/Poloxamar and Polyethylene Glycol 6000) were the main strategies involved for productive extrusion of MX. Evaluation of MX solid-state (TGA, DSC and PLM), absolute percent crystallinity, in-vitro dissolution (in acidic/aqueous pHs), and stability testing in accelerated conditions up to 6-months as well as a long-term shelf for 36-months were performed. A comparative bioavailability study of selected MX-Pellets was carried-out against the innovator product (Mobic®) in 6 healthy volunteers under fed-conditions. RESULTS TGA, DSC and PLM analyses proved the dispersion of MX in amorphous-state within polymeric matrix by HME. MX/Soluplus pellets exhibited the lowest crystallinity % and best dissolution performance among other polymers in both pHs. In addition, presence of Soluplus safeguards final pellets stability under different storage conditions. MX rate of absorption (Tmax) from Soluplus-based pellets attained a value of 45 min, which was 6-times faster than Mobic® (4.5 hr). CONCLUSION A promising oral MX formula prepared by HME was successfully developed with a rapid onset of analgesic action (Tmax of 45 mins; almost 2-times faster than reported intramuscular injection), hence appropriate in the early relief of pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Moreover, the proposed formula was physico-chemically stable up to 36 months of shelf-life storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha F Emam
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nesrin F Taha
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Mursi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila H Emara
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Deshkar S, Rathi M, Zambad S, Gandhi K. Hot Melt Extrusion and its Application in 3D Printing of Pharmaceuticals. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 18:387-407. [PMID: 33176646 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817999201110193655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) is a continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing process that has been extensively investigated for solubility improvement and taste masking of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Recently, it is being explored for its application in 3D printing. 3D printing of pharmaceuticals allows flexibility of dosage form design, customization of dosage form for personalized therapy and the possibility of complex designs with the inclusion of multiple actives in a single unit dosage form. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a 3D printing technique with a variety of applications in pharmaceutical dosage form development. FDM process requires a polymer filament as the starting material that can be obtained by hot melt extrusion. Recent reports suggest enormous applications of a combination of hot melt extrusion and FDM technology in 3D printing of pharmaceuticals and need to be investigated further. This review in detail describes the HME process, along with its application in 3D printing. The review also summarizes the published reports on the application of HME coupled with 3D printing technology in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevani Deshkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharamceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | - Mrunali Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharamceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | - Shital Zambad
- ThinCR Technologies India Pvt Ltd, Rahatani, Pune, Maharashtra 411017, India
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Tan DK, Davis DA, Miller DA, Williams RO, Nokhodchi A. Innovations in Thermal Processing: Hot-Melt Extrusion and KinetiSol® Dispersing. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:312. [PMID: 33161479 PMCID: PMC7649167 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01854-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal processing has gained much interest in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly for the enhancement of solubility, bioavailability, and dissolution of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with poor aqueous solubility. Formulation scientists have developed various techniques which may include physical and chemical modifications to achieve solubility enhancement. One of the most commonly used methods for solubility enhancement is through the use of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Examples of commercialized ASDs include Kaletra®, Kalydeco®, and Onmel®. Various technologies produce ASDs; some of the approaches, such as spray-drying, solvent evaporation, and lyophilization, involve the use of solvents, whereas thermal approaches often do not require solvents. Processes that do not require solvents are usually preferred, as some solvents may induce toxicity due to residual solvents and are often considered to be damaging to the environment. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on recent innovations reported for using hot-melt extrusion and KinetiSol® Dispersing technologies to formulate poorly water-soluble APIs in amorphous solid dispersions. We will address development challenges for poorly water-soluble APIs and how these two processes meet these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deck Khong Tan
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Arundel Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Daniel A Davis
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Dave A Miller
- DisperSol Technologies, LLC, 111 W. Cooperative Way, Building 3, Suite 300, Georgetown, Texas, 78626, USA
| | - Robert O Williams
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Arundel Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK.
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36
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Hot Melt Extrusion: an Emerging Green Technique for the Synthesis of High-Quality Pharmaceutical Cocrystals. J Pharm Innov 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-020-09512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Polymer Selection for Hot-Melt Extrusion Coupled to Fused Deposition Modelling in Pharmaceutics. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090795. [PMID: 32842703 PMCID: PMC7558966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers the greatest potential to revolutionize the future of pharmaceutical manufacturing by overcoming challenges of conventional pharmaceutical operations and focusing design and production of dosage forms on the patient’s needs. Of the many technologies available, fusion deposition modelling (FDM) is considered of the lowest cost and higher reproducibility and accessibility, offering clear advantages in drug delivery. FDM requires in-house production of filaments of drug-containing thermoplastic polymers by hot-melt extrusion (HME), and the prospect of connecting the two technologies has been under investigation. The ability to integrate HME and FDM and predict and tailor the filaments’ properties will extend the range of printable polymers/formulations. Hence, this work revises the properties of the most common pharmaceutical-grade polymers used and their effect on extrudability, printability, and printing outcome, providing suitable processing windows for different raw materials. As a result, formulation selection will be more straightforward (considering the characteristics of drug and desired dosage form or release profile) and the processes setup will be more expedite (avoiding or mitigating typical processing issues), thus guaranteeing the success of both HME and FDM. Relevant techniques used to characterize filaments and 3D-printed dosage forms as an essential component for the evaluation of the quality output are also presented.
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3D printing by fused deposition modeling of single- and multi-compartment hollow systems for oral delivery – A review. Int J Pharm 2020; 579:119155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sarabu S, Kallakunta VR, Bandari S, Batra A, Bi V, Durig T, Zhang F, Repka MA. Hypromellose acetate succinate based amorphous solid dispersions via hot melt extrusion: Effect of drug physicochemical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115828. [PMID: 32059882 PMCID: PMC7082948 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of drug and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) grades physicochemical properties on extrusion process, dissolution and stability of the hot melt extruded amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) of nifedipine and efavirenz was investigated. Incorporation of drugs affected the extrusion temperature required for solid dispersion preparation. Differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the amorphous conversion of the drugs in the prepared formulations. The amorphous nature of ASDs was unchanged after 3 months of stability testing at 40 °C and 75% relative humidity. The dissolution efficiency of the ASDs was dependent on the log P of the drug. The inhibitory effect of HPMCAS on drug precipitation was dependent on the hydrophobic interactions between drug and polymer, polymer grade, and dose of the drug. The dissolution efficiency and dissolution rate of the ASDs were dependent on the log P of the drug and solubility and hydrophilicity of the polymer grade respectively. The inhibitory effect of HPMCAS on drug precipitation was dependent on the hydrophobic interactions between drug and polymer, polymer grade, and the dissolution dose of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sarabu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Mississippi University, 38677, USA.
| | - Venkata Raman Kallakunta
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Mississippi University, 38677, USA.
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Mississippi University, 38677, USA.
| | - Amol Batra
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA.
| | - Vivian Bi
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA.
| | - Thomas Durig
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA.
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Mississippi University, 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Innovation and Instruction, The University of Mississippi University 38677, USA.
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