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Gazder U, Almalki Y, Shah Alam M, Arifuzzaman M. The effect of different mobile uses on crash frequency among young drivers: application of statistical models and clustering analysis. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2023; 30:4-14. [PMID: 35763707 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2022.2092872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on investigating the use of mobile phones among young drivers by employing an online questionnaire survey data. Ordinal logistic regression model was used for modelling the probabilities of crashes due to different uses of mobile phone while driving. Moreover, binary logistic regression models were used for predicting the probabilities of different uses of mobile phone. Logistic regression models revealed that texting and internet use have the same likelihood of causing crashes. Drivers having prior experience of being fined for mobile phone use, also showed a higher tendency to be involved in 2 crashes. Moreover, these drivers had a higher likelihood of being involved in texting, as compared to other uses of mobile phones. Drivers with more education had a higher tendency for internet use during driving. Drivers who use mobile phone for long periods during driving have a lesser tendency to get involved in texting, internet use or GPS navigation. Moreover, drivers with a previous crash record have less likelihood of being involved in texting. The models of this study can be useful in developing effective road safety measures. Clustering was also applied in this study which reinforced the findings of the statistical analysis and models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uneb Gazder
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bahrain, Isa Town, Bahrain
| | - Yusuf Almalki
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bahrain, Isa Town, Bahrain
| | - Md Shah Alam
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bahrain, Isa Town, Bahrain
| | - Md Arifuzzaman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Montuori P, Sarnacchiaro P, Nubi R, Di Ruocco D, Belpiede A, Sacco A, De Rosa E, Triassi M. The use of mobile phone while driving: Behavior and determinant analysis in one of the largest metropolitan area of Italy. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2021; 157:106161. [PMID: 33971486 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of mobile phones while driving is one of the main causes of road accidents and it is a phenomenon in continuous growth. The key aim of this study is to analyse simultaneously knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward the use of mobile phones while driving in one of the largest and populous metropolitan areas of Italy, Naples. The data acquired from 774 questionnaires - administered to subjects evenly divided by gender and with an average age of 39 years - revealed that 69 % have used their mobile phone while driving at least once in their lifetime. Among those who used the phone, 63.6 % use it to make phone calls while 75.2 % only to answer them; 49.1 % read messages and only 33.3 % write them. It is also notable that 34.1 % do not stop to answer a call and only 10 % do not value the use of headsets while driving as fundamental. The results indicate that cell phone usage while driving is common in the study population, despite many having university-level education and satisfactory risks awareness. The multiple linear regression analysis shows how knowledge is not correlated to the behavior held. On the contrary, attitudes are strongly correlated to knowledge and behavior, meaning that good attitudes bring forth positive behavior. According to the collected data and statistical analysis, it is possible to identify factors that can greatly affect the use of mobile phone while driving and establish targeted prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Montuori
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Sarnacchiaro
- Department of Law and Economics, University of Roma "Unitelma Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 295, Rome, 0016, Italy
| | - Raffaele Nubi
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Di Ruocco
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Belpiede
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Sacco
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira De Rosa
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Via Sergio Pansini nº 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Adeyemi OJ. Mobile phone use while driving: Development and validation of knowledge, attitude, and practice survey instruments. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2021; 77:30-39. [PMID: 34092322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Instruments that assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of mobile phone use serve as a primary assessment tool on which mobile phone distracted driving interventions can be designed. The objective of this study is to develop and validate KAP-modeled survey instruments that measure the knowledge of mobile phone hazards while driving (KMPHD), the attitude of drivers towards mobile phone use while driving (AMPUD), and the practice of mobile phone use while driving (PMPUD). METHOD This study was a cross-sectional analytical survey conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria. Three instruments were designed to measure KMPHD, AMPUD, and PMPUD. Content validity, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis were conducted, and items were excluded based on the collective results of the analysis. The domains of the constructs and the reliability of the instruments are reported. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the regression weights of each item and the model fit. RESULTS From an original list of 13, 12, and 10 items in the KMPHD, AMPUD, and PMPUD instruments, a final list of 7, 5, and 7 items were generated in each survey instrument, respectively. Two domains of the knowledge of hazards and practice of mobile phone use were obtained, and attitude to phone use while driving was a single domain. The reliabilities (Cronbach alpha) of the KMPHD (0.881), AMPUD (0.954), and PMPUD (0.920) were sufficiently high. Also, all items in the three instruments had moderate-to-high regression coefficients, and the model fits of the instruments were good. CONCLUSIONS This study provides KAP-modeled survey instruments that can be used to assess a population-based knowledge, attitude, and practice of mobile phone use while driving. Practical Applications: This survey instrument can be used in assessing baseline knowledge, attitude, and practice of phone use while driving and determine the focus and effectiveness of mobile phone-induced distracted driving interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun John Adeyemi
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States; University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Almansoor LA, Jahan S. Mobile phone use while driving: Prevalence, task management strategies, risk perception and attitude among Qassim University students. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:1856-1862. [PMID: 34195116 PMCID: PMC8208204 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2351_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Globally, motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) cause around 1.35 million deaths annually. Distracted driving, a risk factor for MVA, includes diversion of attention from driving because of use of mobile phone. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of mobile phone use and to explore task management strategies, risk perception and attitude towards mobile phone use while driving among Qassim University students. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey among 212 randomly selected medical (n = 83) and engineering students (n = 129) of Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, through semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, designed using Google forms. The survey was conducted from February to March 2020. Results: The overall prevalence of mobile phone use while driving was 93.4% (medical students: 96.4%; engineering students: 91.5%). Around 49.5% participants 'often' or 'always' used mobile phone while driving. Among task management strategies, 169 (79.7%) participants were 'likely' or 'very likely' to lower their driving speed while 90 (42.5%) were 'likely' or 'very likely' to increase control over the steering while using mobile phone during driving. Regarding risk perception, 173 (81.6%) participants thought that they were 'unlikely' or 'very unlikely' to have MVA on looking at phone continuously for more than 2 s, and 185 (87.3%) participants thought that they were 'unlikely' or 'very unlikely' to have MVA by texting or browsing while driving. Thirty-six (17%) participants reported MVA because of distraction by mobile phone use while driving. Conclusion: High prevalence of mobile phone use during driving and low perceived risk of experiencing MVA because of mobile phone use was found among Qassim University students. Creating awareness on risks of mobile phone use while driving is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saulat Jahan
- Research and Innovation Unit, Family Medicine Academy, Qassim Health Cluster, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Jameel T, Baig M, Gazzaz ZJ, Tashkandi JM, Al Alhareth NS, Khan SA, Butt NS. Approaches Towards Professional Studies and Spare-time Activities Among Preclinical and Clinical Year Medical Students. Cureus 2019; 11:e4905. [PMID: 31423383 PMCID: PMC6689483 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims at a recognition of the differences in the study habits, approach to teaching resources, and spare-time activities of medical students in the preclinical and clinical training periods at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods Study sampling was carried out in 2017 at the Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, SA. Students from both genders were included and further subdivided to preclinical (2nd and 3rd years) and clinical groups (4th, 5th, and 6th years). Students were asked to respond to an online questionnaire. SPSS-Version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US) was utilized for statistical analysis of the collected data, Results Of the 347/500 (response rate 69.4%) medical students, 85 (24.5%) were from the preclinical students (2nd and 3rd years), and 262 (64.5%) were enrolled in the clinical group (4th to 6th years of MBBS). The majority of students 330 (94.1%) were unmarried, only 17 of them, i.e., 4.9%, were married. Analysis of the data revealed that medical textbooks, essential versions of basic medical books, online resources, and online version of books were used more frequently by the clinical group as compared to the preclinical students. Teacher-provided lecture handouts and lecture notes taken during classes were being equally used by both groups. There was a significant difference in the opinion on the usefulness of different resources between both groups. Students faced difficulty in understanding the English language, observed more in the pre-clinical years as compared to relatively groomed clinical students. The preclinical group could not understand the teaching material in books due to a weaker understanding of the English language. Social media software was used for keeping both groups busy, but clinical students also used social media for academic purposes. More than half of the participants from the preclinical and almost one-third from the clinical years admitted that their teachers recommended them for relevant medical textbooks. An encouraging trend was observed in most preclinical group students: they found teaching modalities, such as problem-based learning (PBL) and other academic activities, as a trigger to promote book reading. Conclusion Our results show that the students in the clinical phase had a more methodical approach to professional studies and a difference in spare-time activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Jameel
- Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Jawad M Tashkandi
- Miscellaneous, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Shahida A Khan
- Community Medicine, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Nadeem S Butt
- Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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Forjuoh SN. Hazards of using mobile devices while in motion. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2019; 25:339-340. [PMID: 30917757 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2018.1521103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel N Forjuoh
- a Department of Family & Community Medicine , Baylor Scott & White Health Texas A&M HSC College of Medicine , 1402 West Ave H , Temple , TX 76504 , USA
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Alhazmi AA, Alzahrani SH, Baig M, Salawati EM, Alkatheri A. Prevalence and factors associated with smartphone addiction among medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34:984-988. [PMID: 30190766 PMCID: PMC6115587 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.344.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate smartphone addiction among medical students and to determine factors associated with smartphone addiction among sixth-year medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 203 sixth-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during July 2017. Data analysis was done using SPSS-20. Results The number of completed questionnaires received was181 out of 203, making a response rate of 89%. There were 87 male respondents (48.1%) and 94 female respondents (51.9%). The overall prevalence of smartphone addiction was 66 (36.5%). There is a statistically significant relationship between daily hours of smartphone usage and smartphone addiction (p<0.02). Out of 66 addicted students, 24 (55.8%) students reported using their smartphone more than five hours daily, 17(34.7%) students were using it 4 to 5 hours daily, 13 (27.7%) students were using it 2 to 3 hours daily and 12(28.6%) students were using it less than two hours daily. The study showed no statistically significant relationship between smartphone addiction and smoking statusor degree of obesity. There was a significant association between the total score on the smartphone addiction scale and daily usage hours (p-value<0.005). Conclusion The overall prevalence of smartphone addiction was high among our study participants. The smartphone addiction was associated with daily hours of smartphone usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Aziz Alhazmi
- Alaa Aziz Alhazmi, Public Health Administration, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami H Alzahrani
- Sami H. Alzahrani, Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Mukhtiar Baig, Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M Salawati
- Emad M. Salawati, Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alkatheri
- Ahmad alkatheri, Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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