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Baba SM, Shafi T, Rasool R, Hameed A, Shafi S, Ahmad SF. Molecular investigation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) genetic variants and their impact on VDR mRNA and serum vitamin D levels in allergic rhinitis in an Indian population: A case-control study. Int J Immunogenet 2024. [PMID: 38809236 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is widespread and poses a significant health concern, as emerging research links it to allergic diseases owing to its immunomodulatory functions. The optimal functioning of vitamin D and its activation depend on its nuclear receptor, vitamin D receptor (VDR). Genetic variants of VDR have been explored as potential factors in autoimmune and allergic diseases, with limited studies on their association with allergic rhinitis (AR). The present investigation aims to analyse the role of three VDR genetic variants - TaqI, FokI and BsmI - in AR susceptibility and their impact on VDR mRNA and serum vitamin D levels. A total of 550 subjects, consisting of 250 AR cases and 300 age- and gender-matched controls, underwent genotyping by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). VDR mRNA and vitamin D levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and chemiluminescence, respectively. Although TaqI did not exhibit significant differences, FokI demonstrated a noteworthy association with AR, particularly with the CC genotype (odds ratio [OR]: 3.34; confidence interval [CI]: 1.79-6.23). Similarly, BsmI revealed an increased risk for AR, with the GA + AA genotypes showing a 2.2-fold elevated risk (OR: 2.20; CI: 1.53-3.16). VDR mRNA expression was threefold lower in AR patients (p < .0001), accompanied by reduced serum vitamin D levels (p < .0001). In addition, CC (p = .01) and AA (p = .02) genotypes of FokI and BsmI were associated with reduced VDR mRNA levels, whereas TaqI showed no such association. Similarly, heterozygous genotypes of TaqI and FokI, as well as homozygous AA of BsmI, correlated with lower serum vitamin D levels (p < .001). This study emphasizes the intricate relationship among VDR genetic variations, altered VDR activity, immune modulation and vitamin D metabolism in AR. Further research involving diverse populations is crucial for confirming and generalizing these findings, paving the way for personalized therapeutic interventions in vitamin D-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid M Baba
- Centre for Vocational Studies, Islamic University of Science & Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tabasum Shafi
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Roohi Rasool
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Afaq Hameed
- Department of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Saba Shafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Aud-in S, Juprasong Y, Pinkaew B, Talek K, Tantilipikorn P, Songnuan W. Incidence of grass and weed sensitization in Bangkok, Thailand: a clinical study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1301095. [PMID: 38605873 PMCID: PMC11007029 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1301095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent public health concern globally, significantly impacting quality of life. In Thailand, the prevalence of AR is rising, with grass and weed pollen identified as primary outdoor triggers. Objectives This study aimed to (1) assess patterns of pollen sensitization in Thai AR patients and (2) investigate correlations between demographics/clinical data and SPT results. Methods A total of 121 individuals aged ≥18 years with clinically diagnosed AR were recruited. Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed using a panel of commonly encountered tropical grass and weed pollen extracts. SPT wheal sizes and clinical symptom scores were recorded. Correlations between SPT outcomes and symptom scores were analyzed. Results Among the participants, 104 (85.95%) exhibited positive SPT reactions to at least one pollen type. Nutsedge (76/121), para grass (57/121), and Bermuda grass (48/121) were the most frequently identified allergens. Hurricane grass elicited the strongest reaction, evidenced by the highest average wheal size (6.2 mm). Poly-sensitization was observed in 77 (63.6%) of the SPT-positive individuals, with most cases involving two different pollen extracts (35/77). Notably, AR severity positively correlated with both average wheal size and the number of positive SPT tests. Conclusion This study highlights nutsedge, para grass, and Bermuda grass as major allergenic pollen sources for Thai AR patients. Including nutsedge, hurricane grass, and careless weed in clinical SPT panels is recommended for improved diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, the positive correlation between AR severity and pollen reaction strength emphasizes the importance of implementing patient education and avoidance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirirat Aud-in
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yotin Juprasong
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Graduate Program in Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bannapuch Pinkaew
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Rhinology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokporn Talek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Rhinology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Rhinology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Research Excellence in Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wisuwat Songnuan
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Research Excellence in Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Licari A, Magri P, De Silvestri A, Giannetti A, Indolfi C, Mori F, Marseglia GL, Peroni D. Epidemiology of Allergic Rhinitis in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:2547-2556. [PMID: 37236349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is associated with significant clinical and socioeconomic burdens. It is a frequent risk factor for other atopic diseases, such as asthma. Thus, a comprehensive updated description of the epidemiology of AR in the pediatric population is needed to understand its implications better. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence, prevalence, and epidemiology of AR among children over the past 10 years. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using a protocol registered and published with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Register No. CRD42022332667). We searched databases, registers, and Web sites for cohort or cross-sectional studies published between 2012 and 2022, evaluating the epidemiology (incidence or prevalence) of AR in the pediatric population. We assessed study quality of and risk for bias using items derived from the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of physician-diagnosed AR was 10.48%, the overall prevalence of self-reported current (past 12 months) AR was 18.12%, and the overall prevalence of self-reported lifetime AR was 19.93%. The incidence could not be determined. The analysis of prevalence of AR over time showed a rising trend in physician-diagnosed AR over the years (8.39% in 2012 to 2015 vs 19.87% in 2016 to 2022). CONCLUSIONS Allergic rhinitis has significant impacts on the pediatric population, with an increasing trend for diagnosed AR over the years. Further investigations concerning the incidence, comorbidities, diagnosis, and treatment are needed to provide a complete overview of the disease as well as its burden and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Licari
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Magri
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Silvestri
- Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Arianna Giannetti
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Indolfi
- Department of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Mori
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Zwierz A, Masna K, Domagalski K, Burduk P. 150th Anniversary of global adenoid investigations: unanswered questions and unsolved problems. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1179218. [PMID: 37520046 PMCID: PMC10375715 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1179218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the problem of adenoid hypertrophy (AH) has been diagnosed and treated by doctors and scientists from around the world for the last 150 years, there is still no consensus regarding appropriate diagnosis, conservative treatment options, and qualification for surgery. This manuscript presents current knowledge on these issues and compares diagnostic methods and the effectiveness of treatment options. Factors that may influence the obtained treatment results are also described, and a questionnaire is proposed to compare the results of treatment. The objective of drawing attention to this problem is to obtain better results from conservative treatment in the future and better-qualified patients for surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Zwierz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krystyna Masna
- Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Domagalski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Paweł Burduk
- Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Pate CA, Zahran HS, Malilay J, Hsu J. The shifting prevalence of asthma and allergic disease in US children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 129:481-489. [PMID: 35842086 PMCID: PMC9901425 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affected 5 million children. Allergy is a common comorbidity of asthma. Having both conditions is associated with unfavorable health outcomes and impaired quality of life. OBJECTIVE Purpose of this study was to assess allergy and its association with asthma by select characteristics among children to determine differences by populations. METHODS National Health Interview Survey data (2007-2018) were used to assess asthma and allergy status, trends, and the association between allergy and asthma by select characteristics among US children (aged 0-17 years). RESULTS Prevalence of asthma decreased among all children (slope [-] P < .001) and among those with allergy (slope [-] P = .002). More children had respiratory allergy (14.7%), followed by skin allergy (12.7%) and food allergy (6.4%). Prevalence of respiratory allergy significantly decreased among White non-Hispanic children (slope [-] P = .002), food allergy increased among White non-Hispanic (slope [+] P < .001) and Hispanic children (slope [+] P = .003), and skin allergy increased among Hispanic children (slope [+] P = .04). Depending on number and type, children with allergy were 2 to 8 times (skin allergy only and having all 3 allergies, respectively) more likely to have current asthma than were children without allergy. Among children with current asthma, having any allergy was significantly associated with missed school days (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.33 [1.03-1.72]; P = .02) and taking preventive medication daily (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.89 [1.32-2.71]; P < .001). CONCLUSION Trends in allergies across years differed by race and ethnicity. Strength of association between asthma and allergy differed by type and number of allergies, being highest among children having all 3 types of allergies. Having both asthma and allergy was associated with unfavorable asthma outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Pate
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Hatice S Zahran
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Josephine Malilay
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joy Hsu
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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[Translated article] With the Torch in the Mist of the United Airway Disease: Atopic March and Other Arguments in the Search for Evidence. Arch Bronconeumol 2022. [PMID: 35523627 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nur Husna SM, Tan HTT, Md Shukri N, Mohd Ashari NS, Wong KK. Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:874114. [PMID: 35463011 PMCID: PMC9021509 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.874114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) represents a global health concern where it affects approximately 400 million people worldwide. The prevalence of AR has increased over the years along with increased urbanization and environmental pollutants thought to be some of the leading causes of the disease. Understanding the pathophysiology of AR is crucial in the development of novel therapies to treat this incurable disease that often comorbids with other airway diseases. Hence in this mini review, we summarize the well-established yet vital aspects of AR. These include the epidemiology, clinical and laboratory diagnostic criteria, AR in pediatrics, pathophysiology of AR, Th2 responses in the disease, as well as pharmacological and immunomodulating therapies for AR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Muhamad Nur Husna
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Hern-Tze Tina Tan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Norasnieda Md Shukri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Noor Suryani Mohd Ashari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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González-Barcala FJ, Martínez-Torres AE, Méndez-Brea P, García-Marcos L. With the Torch in the Mist of the United Airway Disease: Atopic March and Other Arguments in the Search for Evidence. Arch Bronconeumol 2021; 58:386-387. [PMID: 35312546 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco-Javier González-Barcala
- Servicio de Neumología-Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en Enfermedades de la Vía Aérea (TRIAD), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
| | - A-Elena Martínez-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación en Alergia, Neumología y Enfermería Pediátricas, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria,Red ARADyAL. Edificio Departamental-Laib, El Palmar, Murcia, España
| | - Paula Méndez-Brea
- Servicio de Alergia-Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Grupo de Investigación en Alergia, Neumología y Enfermería Pediátricas, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria,Red ARADyAL. Edificio Departamental-Laib, El Palmar, Murcia, España
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Tiotiu A, Novakova P, Guillermo G, Correira de Sousa J, Braido F. Management of adult asthma and chronic rhinitis as one airway disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:1135-1147. [PMID: 34030569 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1932470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic rhinitis is defined as nasal inflammation with the presence of minimum two symptoms such as nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing and/or itching one hour daily for a minimum of 12 weeks/year. According their etiology, four groups of rhinitis are described: allergic, infectious, non-allergic non-infectious and mixed.Chronic rhinitis is frequently associated with asthma, shares similar mechanisms of the pathogenesis and has a negative impact of its outcomes sustaining the concept of unified airways disease.Areas covered: The present review summarizes the complex relationship between chronic rhinitis and asthma on the basis of recent epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and therapeutic management. All four groups are discussed with the impact of their specific treatment on asthma outcomes. Some medications are common for chronic rhinitis and asthma while others are more specific but able to treat the associated comorbidity.Expert opinion: The systematic assessment of chronic rhinitis in patients with asthma and its specific treatment improves both disease outcomes. Conversely, several therapies of asthma demonstrated beneficial effects on chronic rhinitis. Treating both diseases at the same time by only one medication is an interesting option to explore in the future in order to limit drugs administration, related costs and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Tiotiu
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Nancy, France; 9 Rue Du Morvan, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Development, Adaptation and Disadvantage. Cardiorespiratory Regulations and Motor Control (EA 3450 DevAH), University of Lorraine, - Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Plamena Novakova
- ;department of Allergology, Medical University of Sofia, University Hospital "Alexandrovska"; 1, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Guidos Guillermo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad De México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Jaime Correira de Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Campus De, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fulvio Braido
- Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Department, University of Genoa, Genova GE, Italy
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