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García-Rico L, Valenzuela-Rodríguez MP, Meza-Montenegro MM, Lopez-Duarte AL. Arsenic in rice and rice products in Northwestern Mexico and health risk assessment. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2019; 13:25-33. [PMID: 31690242 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2019.1678672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the health risk of arsenic exposure by consumption of rice and its products marketed in northwestern Mexico. Sixty-six national and imported rice products were purchased in markets in northwestern Mexico, an endemic arsenic region. Total and inorganic arsenic in rice samples were analysed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and the risk assessment was evaluated according to the hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR). Total and inorganic arsenic in rice samples ranged from 0.06 to 0.29 mg/kg and from 0.03 to 0.13 mg/kg, respectively, and 40% of the analysed samples exceeded FAO/WHO arsenic recommended levels. The inorganic/total arsenic ratio ranged from 15% to 65%. The HQ and CR values for total and inorganic arsenic did not exceed safety levels. Therefore, rice supply in the northwestern of Mexico appears to be safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia García-Rico
- Coordinación de Ciencia de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, México
| | | | | | - Ana Lilia Lopez-Duarte
- Coordinación de Ciencia de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, México
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Medina-Pizzali M, Damián-Bastidas N, Vargas-Reyes M. Arsenic in baby foods: health effects and dietary exposure. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2018.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Medina-Pizzali
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Alameda San Marcos, Cuadra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú
| | - N. Damián-Bastidas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Alameda San Marcos, Cuadra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú
| | - M. Vargas-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Alameda San Marcos, Cuadra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú
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Tinggi U, Schoendorfer N. Analysis of lead and cadmium in cereal products and duplicate diets of a small group of selected Brisbane children for estimation of daily metal exposure. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:671-675. [PMID: 29970283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) from foods is a concern for young children. The aims of the study were to analyse the levels of Pb and Cd in breakfast cereals, rice products and diets of selected children, and to estimate the daily intakes of Pb and Cd in these children. The samples (n = 82) of ready-to-eat breakfast cereals and rice products (n = 36) were collected and obtained from various markets in Brisbane, Australia. The samples for a duplicate diet study were collected for 3 consecutive days from normal healthy children (n = 15). The analysis was performed using ICP-MS after microwave digestion. The levels of Pb and Cd found in breakfast cereals and rice products ranged from <0.01 to 0.25 mg/kg for Pb and <0.01 to 0.11 mg/kg for Cd. The estimated daily intakes of Pb and Cd in children varied widely and ranged from 0.90 to 11.7 (5.6 ± 3.5 μg/day) for Pb and 0.98 to 9.5 (4.0 ± 2.2 μg/day) for Cd. The study shows low intakes of Pb and Cd in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujang Tinggi
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD, 4108, Australia.
| | - Niikee Schoendorfer
- Discipline of Medical Education, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
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Akter S, Netzel ME, Fletcher MT, Tinggi U, Sultanbawa Y. Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source. Foods 2018; 7:foods7040060. [PMID: 29649154 PMCID: PMC5920425 DOI: 10.3390/foods7040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian fruit. Industrial processing of T. ferdinandiana fruits into puree generates seeds as a by-product, which are generally discarded. The aim of our present study was to process the seed to separate the kernel and determine its nutritional composition. The proximate, mineral and fatty acid compositions were analysed in this study. Kernels are composed of 35% fat, while proteins account for 32% dry weight (DW). The energy content and fiber were 2065 kJ/100 g and 21.2% DW, respectively. Furthermore, the study showed that kernels were a very rich source of minerals and trace elements, such as potassium (6693 mg/kg), calcium (5385 mg/kg), iron (61 mg/kg) and zinc (60 mg/kg) DW, and had low levels of heavy metals. The fatty acid composition of the kernels consisted of omega-6 fatty acid, linoleic acid (50.2%), monounsaturated oleic acid (29.3%) and two saturated fatty acids namely palmitic acid (12.0%) and stearic acid (7.2%). The results indicate that T. ferdinandiana kernels have the potential to be utilized as a novel protein source for dietary purposes and non-conventional supply of linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Akter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Michael E Netzel
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Mary T Fletcher
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Ujang Tinggi
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 594, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, Australia.
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Sadiq N, Huang L, Kaveh F, Beauchemin D. Solid sampling ETV-ICPOES coupled to a nebulization/pre-evaporation system for direct elemental analysis of glutinous rice by external calibration with standard solutions. Food Chem 2017; 237:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Škrbić BD, Ji Y, Živančev JR, Jovanović GG, Jie Z. Mycotoxins, trace elements, and phthalates in marketed rice of different origin and exposure assessment. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS. PART B, SURVEILLANCE 2017; 10:256-267. [PMID: 28618849 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2017.1342701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine levels of 11 mycotoxins, 10 trace elements, and 6 phthalates in rice samples from Serbian and Chinese market. Mycotoxins were not detected in any of the analysed rice samples. Results revealed similar median levels for following elements: Mn, 17.5 and 15.7 mg kg-1; Fe, 2.47 and 2.12 mg kg-1; Cu, 1.95 and 1.59 mg kg-1 in marketed samples from Serbia and China, respectively. Median concentration of Ni in Serbian marketed samples was 1.9 times higher than in Chinese ones. The median levels (µg kg-1) of phthalates ranged from 1.2 (benzylbutyl phthalate [BBP]) - 566 (di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate [DEHP]) and 1.7 (BBP) - 348 (DEHP) in Serbian and Chinese marketed samples, respectively. The results were used to assess daily exposure of Serbian and Chinese adult consumers. The calculated target hazard quotients indicated that the potential risk attributable to the analysed contaminants in rice samples should not be of concern neither for the Serbian nor the Chinese consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana D Škrbić
- a Faculty of Technology, Centre of Excellence in Food Safety and Emerging Risks , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Republic of Serbia
| | - Yaqin Ji
- b College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Jelena R Živančev
- a Faculty of Technology, Centre of Excellence in Food Safety and Emerging Risks , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Republic of Serbia
| | | | - Zhao Jie
- b College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
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Ciminelli VST, Gasparon M, Ng JC, Silva GC, Caldeira CL. Dietary arsenic exposure in Brazil: The contribution of rice and beans. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:996-1003. [PMID: 27836272 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The human health risk associated with arsenic in food in Southeast Brazil was quantified. Based on the most commonly consumed food types in the Brazilian diet, the maximum inorganic As (iAs) daily intake from food (0.255 μg kg-1 body weight per day) is approximately 9% of the Benchmark Dose Lower Limit (BMDL0.5) of 3 μg kg-1 body weight per day set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Joint Expert Committee in Food Additives (JECFA). When water is included, the contribution of food to the total intake varies from 96.9% to 39.7%. Rice and beans, the main Brazilian staple food, contribute between 67 and 90% of the total As intake from food (46-79% from rice and 11-23% from beans). The substantial contribution of beans to total As food intake is reported for the first time. The broad range of As concentrations in rice and beans highlights the variable and potentially large contribution of both to As food intake in places where diet consists largely of these two food categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia S T Ciminelli
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil.
| | - Massimo Gasparon
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil; The University of Queensland, School of Earth Sciences, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Jack C Ng
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil; The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Member of Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), Brisbane 4108, Australia.
| | - Gabriela C Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil
| | - Claudia L Caldeira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil
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Škrbić B, Živančev J, Jovanović G, Farre M. Essential and toxic elements in commercial baby food on the Spanish and Serbian market. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 10:27-38. [PMID: 27719509 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1242661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
About 10 heavy elements were determined in 90 samples of baby food collected from Spanish and Serbian market. The results indicated that iron, manganese and copper were most frequently detected. Tin was the predominant toxic element in both Spanish and Serbian samples, with occurrence frequencies of 12.5% and 10.0%, respectively. Element intake for Spanish and Serbian infants were estimated and compared with the recommended reference values, for the majority of elements being lower than one. However, iron and manganese intake through consumption of infant/follow-on formulas were assessed to be higher than the respective daily intakes. Particular attention should be paid to the exposure of infants who consume porridges made of vegetables and fish or chicken, because they may ingest certain elements, particularly arsenic and lead, at levels that exceed the reference toxicological values. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to classify and distinguish the different types of baby food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Škrbić
- a Faculty of Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Jelena Živančev
- a Faculty of Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | | | - Marinella Farre
- c Department of Environmental Chemistry , Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona , Spain
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