1
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Biewenga L, Vermathen R, Rosier BJ, Merkx M. A Generic Antibody-Blocking Protein That Enables pH-Switchable Activation of Antibody Activity. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:48-57. [PMID: 38110237 PMCID: PMC10804362 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Molecular strategies that allow for reversible control of antibody activity have drawn considerable interest for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Protein M is a generic antibody-binding protein that binds to the Fv domain of IgGs and, in doing so, blocks antigen binding. However, the dissociation of protein M is essentially irreversible, which has precluded its use as an antibody affinity reagent and molecular mask to control antibody activity. Here, we show that introduction of 8 histidine residues on the Fv binding interface of protein M results in a variant that shows pH-switchable IgG binding. This protein M-8his variant provides an attractive and universal affinity resin for the purification of IgGs, antibody fragments (Fab and single-chain variable fragments (scFv)), and antibody conjugates. Moreover, protein M-8his enables the pH-dependent blocking of therapeutic antibodies, allowing the selective targeting of cells at pH 6.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieuwe Biewenga
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Vermathen
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas J.H.M. Rosier
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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2
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Nandal J, Mihooliya KN, Verma H, Kalidas N, Ashish F, Mishra RPN, Sahoo DK. Evaluation of physicochemical and functional similarity of a new CHO derived anti-EGFR antibody P-mAb to its reference medicinal product. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 50:17-28. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2022.2028284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Nandal
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kanti N. Mihooliya
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Himanshu Verma
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nidhi Kalidas
- GNR Advanced Protein Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Fnu Ashish
- GNR Advanced Protein Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravi P. N. Mishra
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Debendra K. Sahoo
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
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3
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Bouwstra R, van Meerten T, Bremer E. CD47‐SIRPα blocking‐based immunotherapy: Current and prospective therapeutic strategies. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e943. [PMID: 35908284 PMCID: PMC9339239 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The CD47‐signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) ‘don't eat me’ signalling axis is perhaps the most prominent innate immune checkpoint to date. However, from initial clinical trials, it is evident that monotherapy with CD47‐SIRPα blocking has a limited therapeutic effect at the maximum tolerated dose. Furthermore, treatment is associated with severe side effects, most notably anaemia, that are attributable to the ubiquitous expression of CD47. Nevertheless, promising clinical responses have been reported upon combination with the tumour‐targeting antibody rituximab or azacytidine, although toxicity issues still hamper clinical application. Main body Here, we discuss the current state of CD47‐SIRPα blocking therapy with a focus on limitations of current strategies, such as depletion of red blood cells. Subsequently, we focus on innovations designed to overcome these limitations. These include novel antibody formats designed to selectively target CD47 on tumour cells as well as tumour‐targeted bispecific antibodies with improved selectivity. In addition, the rationale and outcome of combinatorial approaches to improve the therapeutic effect of CD47 blockade are discussed. Such combinations include those with tumour‐targeted opsonizing antibodies, systemic therapy, epigenetic drugs, other immunomodulatory T‐cell‐targeted therapeutics or dual immunomodulatory CD47 bispecific antibodies. Conclusion With these advances in the design of CD47‐SIRPα‐targeting therapeutic strategies and increasing insight into the mechanism of action of this innate checkpoint, including the role of adaptive immunity, further advances in the clinical application of this checkpoint can be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Bouwstra
- Department of Hematology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Tom van Meerten
- Department of Hematology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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4
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Liu T, Xu J, Guo Q, Zhang D, Li J, Qian W, Guo H, Zhou X, Hou S. Identification, Efficacy, and Stability Evaluation of Succinimide Modification With a High Abundance in the Framework Region of Golimumab. Front Chem 2022; 10:826923. [PMID: 35449588 PMCID: PMC9017650 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.826923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinimide (Asu) is the intermediate for asparagine deamidation in therapeutic proteins, and it can be readily hydrolyzed to form aspartate and iso-aspartate residues. Moreover, Asu plays an important role in the protein degradation pathways, asparagine deamidation, and aspartic acid isomerization. Here, Asu modification with a high abundance in the framework region (FR) of golimumab was first reported, the effect of denaturing buffer pH on the Asu modification homeostasis was studied, and the results revealed that it was relatively stable over a pH range of 6.0–7.0 whereas a rapid decrease at pH 8.0. Then, the peptide-based multi-attribute method (MAM) analyses showed that the Asu formation was at Asn 43 in the FR of the heavy chain. Meanwhile, the efficacy [affinity, binding and bioactivity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activity, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity] and stability of the Asu modification of golimumab were evaluated, and the current results demonstrated comparable efficacy and stability between the Asu low- and high-abundance groups. Our findings provide valuable insights into Asu modification and its effect on efficacy and stability, and this study also demonstrates that there is a need to develop a broad-spectrum, rapid, and accurate platform to identify and characterize new peaks in the development of therapeutic proteins, particularly for antibody drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Qingcheng Guo
- Taizhou Mabtech Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huaizu Guo, ; Xinli Zhou, ; Sheng Hou,
| | - Xinli Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huaizu Guo, ; Xinli Zhou, ; Sheng Hou,
| | - Sheng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- *Correspondence: Huaizu Guo, ; Xinli Zhou, ; Sheng Hou,
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5
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Yang T, Mochida Y, Liu X, Zhou H, Xie J, Anraku Y, Kinoh H, Cabral H, Kataoka K. Conjugation of glucosylated polymer chains to checkpoint blockade antibodies augments their efficacy and specificity for glioblastoma. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:1274-1287. [PMID: 34635819 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of the blood-tumour barrier and cross-reactivity with healthy tissues, immune checkpoint blockade therapy against glioblastoma has inadequate efficacy and is associated with a high risk of immune-related adverse events. Here we show that anti-programmed death-ligand 1 antibodies conjugated with multiple poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains functionalized to target glucose transporter 1 (which is overexpressed in brain capillaries) and detaching in the reductive tumour microenvironment augment the potency and safety of checkpoint blockade therapy against glioblastoma. In mice bearing orthotopic glioblastoma tumours, a single dose of glucosylated and multi-PEGylated antibodies reinvigorated antitumour immune responses, induced immunological memory that protected the animals against rechallenge with tumour cells, and suppressed autoimmune responses in the animals' healthy tissues. Drug-delivery formulations leveraging multivalent ligand interactions and the properties of the tumour microenvironment to facilitate the crossing of blood-tumour barriers and increase drug specificity may enhance the efficacy and safety of other antibody-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Mochida
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Xueying Liu
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hang Zhou
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Jinbing Xie
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Anraku
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kinoh
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan. .,Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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6
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Lin WW, Lu YC, Huang BC, Chuang CH, Cheng YA, Chen IJ, Liu HJ, Ho KW, Liao TY, Liu ES, Wu TY, Chang LS, Hong ST, Cheng TL. Selective activation of pro-anti-IL-1β antibody enhances specificity for autoinflammatory disorder therapy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14846. [PMID: 34290297 PMCID: PMC8295355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Canakinumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that specifically neutralizes human interleukin (IL)-1β and has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating different types of autoinflammatory disorders such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. However, long-term systemic neutralization of IL-1β by Canakinumab may cause severe adverse events such as serious upper respiratory tract infections and inflammation, thereby decreasing the quality of life of patients. Here, we used an IgG1 hinge as an Ab lock to cover the IL-1β-binding site of Canakinumab by linking with matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) substrate to generate pro-Canakinumab that can be specifically activated in the inflamed regions in autoinflammatory diseases to enhance the selectivity and safety of treatment. The Ab lock significantly inhibited the IL-1β-binding by 68-fold compared with Canakinumab, and MMP-9 completely restored the IL-1β neutralizing ability of pro-Canakinumab within 60 min and blocked IL-1β-downstream signaling and IL-1β-regulated genes (i.e., IL-6). It is expected that MMP-9 cleavable and efficient Ab lock will be able to significantly enhance the selective reaction of Canakinumab at the disease site and reduce the on-target toxicities of Canakinumab during systemic circulation, thereby showing potential for development to improve the safety and quality of life of patients with autoinflammatory disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chi Lu
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chuang
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Cheng
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ju Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - En-Shuo Liu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ting Hong
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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7
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Lucchi R, Bentanachs J, Oller-Salvia B. The Masking Game: Design of Activatable Antibodies and Mimetics for Selective Therapeutics and Cell Control. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:724-738. [PMID: 34079893 PMCID: PMC8161478 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The high selectivity and affinity of antibody binding have made antibodies all-pervasive tools in therapy, diagnosis, and basic science. A plethora of chemogenetic approaches has been devised to make antibodies responsive to stimuli ranging from light to enzymatic activity, temperature, pH, ions, and effector molecules. Within a single decade, the field of activatable antibodies has yielded marketed therapeutics capable of engaging antigens that could not be targeted with traditional antibodies, as well as new tools to control intracellular protein location and investigate biological processes. Many opportunities remain untapped, waiting for more efficient and generally applicable masking strategies to be developed at the interface between chemistry and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lucchi
- Grup d’Enginyeria
de Materials, Institut Químic de
Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bentanachs
- Grup d’Enginyeria
de Materials, Institut Químic de
Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benjamí Oller-Salvia
- Grup d’Enginyeria
de Materials, Institut Químic de
Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Lin WW, Lu YC, Chuang CH, Cheng TL. Ab locks for improving the selectivity and safety of antibody drugs. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:76. [PMID: 32586313 PMCID: PMC7318374 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a major targeted therapy for malignancies, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and chronic inflammatory diseases due to their antigen specificity and longer half-life than conventional drugs. However, long-term systemic antigen neutralization by mAbs may cause severe adverse events. Improving the selectivity of mAbs to distinguish target antigens at the disease site from normal healthy tissue and reducing severe adverse events caused by the mechanisms-of-action of mAbs is still a pressing need. Development of pro-antibodies (pro-Abs) by installing a protease-cleavable Ab lock is a novel and advanced recombinant Ab-based strategy that efficiently masks the antigen binding ability of mAbs in the normal state and selectively "turns on" the mAb activity when the pro-Ab reaches the proteolytic protease-overexpressed diseased tissue. In this review, we discuss the design and advantages/disadvantages of different Ab lock strategies, focusing particularly on spatial-hindrance-based and affinity peptide-based approaches. We expect that the development of different masking strategies for mAbs will benefit the local reactivity of mAbs at the disease site, increase the therapeutic efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with mAbs in chronic diseases and even permit scientists to develop Ab drugs for formerly undruggable targets and satisfy the unmet medical needs of mAb therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chi Lu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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9
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Abstract
Introduction: The toxicity of potent new biological therapies for cancer has limited their utility. By improving tumor specificity, antibody prodrugs can widen or even create a therapeutic window for anticancer agents that are difficult or impossible to use otherwise because of poor tolerability.Areas covered: This review will describe the current status of the field of antibody prodrugs, focusing on ProbodyTM therapeutics, including the principles behind their design, application to a variety of different antibody-based therapies, preclinical examples of their activity and safety, and early results of Phase 1 trials.Expert opinion: Proof of concept for the antibody prodrug approach, which is defined as demonstration of potent antitumor activity with improved safety, has been extensively established preclinically as well as preliminarily in early clinical trials in human patients. However, experience with antibody prodrugs is limited, and important challenges remain. Principal among them are how to design the molecules to provide the most effective protection from toxicities while preserving efficacy, how to optimize clinical pharmacology, and how to determine which among the many possible clinical applications is the best use of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Michael Kavanaugh
- Chief Scientific Officer and Head, Research and Non-clinical Development CytomX Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Wouters SFA, Wijker E, Merkx M. Optical Control of Antibody Activity by Using Photocleavable Bivalent Peptide-DNA Locks. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2463-2466. [PMID: 31074548 PMCID: PMC6790702 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibody‐based molecular recognition plays a central role in today's life sciences, ranging from immunoassays to molecular imaging and antibody‐based therapeutics. Control over antibody activity by using external triggers such as light could further increase the specificity of antibody‐based targeting. Here we present bivalent peptide–DNA ligands containing photocleavable linkers as a noncovalent approach by which to allow photoactivation of antibody activity. Light‐triggered cleavage of the 3‐amino‐3‐(2‐nitrophenyl)propionic acid peptide linker converted the high‐affinity bivalent peptide–DNA lock into weakly binding monovalent ligands, effectively restoring antibody targeting of cell‐surface receptors. In this work, a proof of principle was provided with an anti‐hemagglutinin antibody, but the molecular design of the lock is generic and applicable to any monoclonal antibody for which an epitope or mimotope of sufficient affinity is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone F A Wouters
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 4500 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Elvira Wijker
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 4500 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 4500 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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11
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Trang VH, Zhang X, Yumul RC, Zeng W, Stone IJ, Wo SW, Dominguez MM, Cochran JH, Simmons JK, Ryan MC, Lyon RP, Senter PD, Levengood MR. A coiled-coil masking domain for selective activation of therapeutic antibodies. Nat Biotechnol 2019; 37:761-765. [PMID: 31133742 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The use of monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy is limited by their cross-reactivity to healthy tissue. Tumor targeting has been improved by generating masked antibodies that are selectively activated in the tumor microenvironment, but each such antibody necessitates a custom design. Here, we present a generalizable approach for masking the binding domains of antibodies with a heterodimeric coiled-coil domain that sterically occludes the complementarity-determining regions. On exposure to tumor-associated proteases, such as matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, the coiled-coil peptides are cleaved and antigen binding is restored. We test multiple coiled-coil formats and show that the optimized masking domain is broadly applicable to antibodies of interest. Our approach prevents anti-CD3-associated cytokine release in mice and substantially improves circulation half-life by protecting the antibody from an antigen sink. When applied to antibody-drug conjugates, our masked antibodies are preferentially unmasked at the tumor site and have increased anti-tumor efficacy compared with unmasked antibodies in mouse models of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian H Trang
- Department of Protein Sciences, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Xinqun Zhang
- Department of Protein Sciences, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Roma C Yumul
- Department of Nonclinical Science, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Weiping Zeng
- Department of Nonclinical Science, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Ivan J Stone
- Department of Nonclinical Science, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Serena W Wo
- Department of Protein Sciences, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | | | - Julia H Cochran
- Department of Protein Sciences, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Jessica K Simmons
- Department of Nonclinical Science, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Maureen C Ryan
- Department of Antibody Discovery, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Robert P Lyon
- Department of Protein Sciences, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Peter D Senter
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle Genetics Inc., Bothell, WA, USA
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12
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Yang Y, Tian Z, Ding Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Yang L, Zhao F, Ren F, Guo R. EGFR-Targeted Immunotoxin Exerts Antitumor Effects on Esophageal Cancers by Increasing ROS Accumulation and Inducing Apoptosis via Inhibition of the Nrf2-Keap1 Pathway. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1090287. [PMID: 30596104 PMCID: PMC6286775 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1090287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we developed a novel EGFR-targeted antibody (denoted as Pan), which has superior antitumor activity against EGFR-overexpressed tumors. However, it shows marginal effect on the growth of esophageal cancers. Therefore, the variable region of Pan was fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38) to create the immunotoxin, denoted as Ptoxin (PT). Results indicated that PT shows more effective antitumor activity as compared with Pan both on EGFR-overexpressed KYSE-450 and KYSE-150 esophageal cancer cells, especially on KYSE-450 cells. Moreover, treatment of PT induces regression of KYSE-450 tumor xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, we investigated the potential mechanism involved in the enhanced antitumor effects of PT. Data showed that PT was more potent in reducing the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2. More importantly, we for the first time found that PT was more effective than Pan in inducing ROS accumulation by suppression of the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant pathway, and then induced apoptosis in KYSE-450 esophageal cancer cells, which may partly explain the more sensitive response of KYSE-450 to PT treatment. To conclude, our study provides a promising therapeutic approach for immunotoxin-based esophageal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyin Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanke Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Feng Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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13
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Yang Y, Guo R, Chen Q, Liu Y, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wang T. A novel bispecific antibody fusion protein co-targeting EGFR and CD47 with enhanced therapeutic index. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:789-795. [PMID: 29600425 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To promote targeting specificity of anti-CD47 agents, we have constructed a novel bispecific antibody fusion protein against EGFR and CD47, which may minimize the "off-target" effects caused by CD47 expression on red blood cells. RESULTS The novel bispecific antibody fusion protein, denoted as Bi-SP could simultaneously bind to EGFR and CD47 and exhibited potent phagocytosis-stimulation effects in vitro. Bi-SP treatment with a low dose more effectively inhibited tumor growth than either EGFR-targeting antibody, Pan or the SIRPα variant-Fc (SIRPαV-Fc) in the A431 xenograft tumor model. In addition, the treatment with Bi-SP produced less red blood cell (RBC) losses than the SIRPαV-Fc treatment, suggesting its potential use for minimizing RBC toxicity in therapy. CONCLUSIONS Bi-SP with improved therapeutic index has the potential to treat CD47+ and EGFR+ cancers in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Youxun Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Liu B, Guo H, Xu J, Qin T, Guo Q, Gu N, Zhang D, Qian W, Dai J, Hou S, Wang H, Guo Y. Elimination of tumor by CD47/PD-L1 dual-targeting fusion protein that engages innate and adaptive immune responses. MAbs 2017; 10:315-324. [PMID: 29182441 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2017.1409319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The host immune system generally serves as a barrier against tumor formation. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a critical "don't find me" signal to the adaptive immune system, whereas CD47 transmits an anti-phagocytic signal, known as the "don't eat me" signal, to the innate immune system. These and similar immune checkpoints are often overexpressed on human tumors. Thus, dual targeting both innate and adaptive immune checkpoints would likely maximize anti-tumor therapeutic effect and elicit more durable responses. Herein, based on the variable region of atezolizumab and consensus variant 1 (CV1) monomer, we constructed a dual-targeting fusion protein targeting both CD47 and PD-L1 using "Knobs-into-holes" technology, denoted as IAB. It was effective in inducing phagocytosis of tumor cells, stimulating T-cell activation and mediating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. No obvious sign of hematological toxicity was observed in mice administered IAB at a dose of 100 mg/kg, and IAB exhibited potent antitumor activity in an immune-competent mouse model of MC38. Additionally, the anti-tumor effect of IAB was impaired by anti-CD8 antibody or clodronate liposomes, which implied that both CD8+ T cells and macrophages were required for the anti-tumor efficacy of IAB and IAB plays an essential role in the engagement of innate and adaptive immune responses. Collectively, these results demonstrate the capacity of an elicited endogenous immune response against tumors and elucidate essential characteristics of synergistic innate and adaptive immune response, and indicate dual blockade of CD47 and PD-L1 by IAB may be a synergistic therapy that activates both innate and adaptive immune response against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boning Liu
- a Department of Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Molecular Biology, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China.,f Department of Pharmacy for Biologics , Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration , Beijing , China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- c R&D Department , Shanghai Sinomab Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Jin Xu
- c R&D Department , Shanghai Sinomab Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Ting Qin
- a Department of Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Molecular Biology, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qingcheng Guo
- c R&D Department , Shanghai Sinomab Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Nana Gu
- d R&D Department , Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- a Department of Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,d R&D Department , Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- a Department of Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,g Department of AIMBL , Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , Proteos , Singapore
| | - Jianxin Dai
- c R&D Department , Shanghai Sinomab Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Sheng Hou
- c R&D Department , Shanghai Sinomab Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Hao Wang
- a Department of Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,d R&D Department , Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , Shanghai , China
| | - Yajun Guo
- a Department of Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,e Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng , China.,g Department of AIMBL , Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , Proteos , Singapore
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15
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Chen IJ, Chuang CH, Hsieh YC, Lu YC, Lin WW, Huang CC, Cheng TC, Cheng YA, Cheng KW, Wang YT, Chen FM, Cheng TL, Tzou SC. Selective antibody activation through protease-activated pro-antibodies that mask binding sites with inhibitory domains. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11587. [PMID: 28912497 PMCID: PMC5599682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic injection of therapeutic antibodies may cause serious adverse effects due to on-target toxicity to the antigens expressed in normal tissues. To improve the targeting selectivity to the region of disease sites, we developed protease-activated pro-antibodies by masking the binding sites of antibodies with inhibitory domains that can be removed by proteases that are highly expressed at the disease sites. The latency-associated peptide (LAP), C2b or CBa of complement factor 2/B were linked, through a substrate peptide of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), to an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody and an anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antibody. Results showed that all the inhibitory domains could be removed by MMP-2 to restore the binding activities of the antibodies. LAP substantially reduced (53.8%) the binding activity of the anti-EGFR antibody on EGFR-expressing cells, whereas C2b and CBa were ineffective (21% and 9.3% reduction, respectively). Similarly, LAP also blocked 53.9% of the binding activity of the anti-TNF-α antibody. Finally, molecular dynamic simulation showed that the masking efficiency of LAP, C2b and CBa was 33.7%, 10.3% and −5.4%, respectively, over the binding sites of the antibodies. This strategy may aid in designing new protease-activated pro-antibodies that attain high therapeutic potency yet reduced systemic on-target toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chuang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chi Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chiao Huang
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chun Cheng
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yeng-Tseng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ming Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
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16
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Yang Y, Guo Q, Chen X, Zhang J, Guo H, Qian W, Hou S, Dai J, Li B, Guo Y, Wang H. Preclinical studies of a Pro-antibody-drug conjugate designed to selectively target EGFR-overexpressing tumors with improved therapeutic efficacy. MAbs 2016; 8:405-13. [PMID: 26760045 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1127491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have exhibited potent clinical benefits in cancer therapy. However, development of ADCs against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has limitations because of wide expression of EGFR in both normal and tumor tissues. Previously, we developed an anti-EGFR protease-activated antibody (pro-antibody), termed as PanP, which remains inert against EGFR until activated by tumor-specific protease. Herein, we for the first time report a new class of pro-antibody-drug conjugate (PDC) against EGFR, denoted as PanP-DM1. It has been designed to selectively target the EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells and exert greater anti-tumor activity compared with PanP. Our data showed that PanP-DM1 also could be selectively activated by tumor-specific protease 'uPA'. Furthermore, activated PanP-DM1 was potently cytotoxic against EGFR-overexpressing tumor cell lines in vitro. Crucially, our data indicated that PanP-DM1 was significantly more effective in eradicating EGFR-overexpressing tumors in vivo. Additionally, toxicity was preliminarily evaluated in mice as measured by body weight loss. In summary, our study suggests that PanP-DM1, a novel pro-antibody-drug conjugate, has cancer-selectivity, efficacy and safety profile that supports its potential use for EGFR-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China
| | - Qingcheng Guo
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China
| | - Xi Chen
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,f School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,d Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. Ltd , Shanghai , China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,d Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. Ltd , Shanghai , China
| | - Sheng Hou
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China
| | - Jianxin Dai
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China
| | - Bohua Li
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China
| | - Yajun Guo
- c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,e School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng , China.,f School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Hao Wang
- a International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China.,c State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy , Shanghai , China.,e School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng , China
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17
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Liu B, Guo H, Zhang J, Xue J, Yang Y, Qin T, Xu J, Guo Q, Zhang D, Qian W, Li B, Hou S, Dai J, Guo Y, Wang H. In-Depth Characterization of a Pro-Antibody-Drug Conjugate by LC-MS. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2702-10. [PMID: 27377124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pro-antibody-drug conjugate (PDC) is a hybrid structural format of immunoconjugate, where the structural complexity of pro-antibody and intrinsic heterogeneity of ADCs impose a prominent analytical challenge to the in-depth characterization of PDCs. In the present study, we successfully prepared and characterized PanP-DM1 as a model of PDCs, which is an anti-EGFR pro-antibody following conjugation with DM1 at lysine residues. The drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) of PanP-DM1 was determined by LC-MS after deglycosylation, and verified by UV/vis spectroscopy. Following reduction or IdeS digestion, the pro-antibody fragments linked with DM1 were investigated by middle-down mass spectrometry. Furthermore, more than 20 modified lysine conjugation sites were determined by peptide mapping after trypsin digestion. Additionally, more than ten glycoforms of PanP-DM1 were also identified and quantified. In summary, critical quality attributes (CQAs) of PDCs including DAR, drug load distribution, and conjugation sites were fully characterized, which would contribute to the development of other PDCs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boning Liu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China.,International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China.,International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingya Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Life Sciences, Fudan University , 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Life Basic Medical Sciences, Xin Xiang Medical University , 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ting Qin
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China.,International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingcheng Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Biotechnology Co. , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bohua Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sheng Hou
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianxin Dai
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yajun Guo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University , 1 Hunan Road, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Hao Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University , 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering , 99 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University , 1 Hunan Road, Liaocheng 252000, China
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18
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Lehmann A, Wixted JHF, Shapovalov MV, Roder H, Dunbrack RL, Robinson MK. Stability engineering of anti-EGFR scFv antibodies by rational design of a lambda-to-kappa swap of the VL framework using a structure-guided approach. MAbs 2015; 7:1058-71. [PMID: 26337947 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1088618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage-display technology facilitates rapid selection of antigen-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies from large recombinant libraries. ScFv antibodies, composed of a VH and VL domain, are readily engineered into multimeric formats for the development of diagnostics and targeted therapies. However, the recombinant nature of the selection strategy can result in VH and VL domains with sub-optimal biophysical properties, such as reduced thermodynamic stability and enhanced aggregation propensity, which lead to poor production and limited application. We found that the C10 anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) scFv, and its affinity mutant, P2224, exhibit weak production from E. coli. Interestingly, these scFv contain a fusion of lambda3 and lambda1 V-region (LV3 and LV1) genes, most likely the result of a PCR aberration during library construction. To enhance the biophysical properties of these scFvs, we utilized a structure-based approach to replace and redesign the pre-existing framework of the VL domain to one that best pairs with the existing VH. We describe a method to exchange lambda sequences with a more stable kappa3 framework (KV3) within the VL domain that incorporates the original lambda DE-loop. The resulting scFvs, C10KV3_LV1DE and P2224KV3_LV1DE, are more thermodynamically stable and easier to produce from bacterial culture. Additionally, C10KV3_LV1DE and P2224KV3_LV1DE retain binding affinity to EGFR, suggesting that such a dramatic framework swap does not significantly affect scFv binding. We provide here a novel strategy for redesigning the light chain of problematic scFvs to enhance their stability and therapeutic applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lehmann
- a Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA.,b Current address: Biogen , Cambridge MA
| | | | - Maxim V Shapovalov
- a Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA
| | - Heinrich Roder
- a Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA
| | - Roland L Dunbrack
- a Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA
| | - Matthew K Robinson
- a Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA
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