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Zhang X, He Y, Zhang X, Fu B, Song Z, Wang L, Fu R, Lu X, Xing J, Lv J, Guo M, Huo X, Liu X, Lu J, Du X, Ge Z, Chen Z, Li C. Sustained exposure to Helicobacter pylori induces immune tolerance by desensitizing TLR6. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:324-342. [PMID: 38310631 PMCID: PMC10896808 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori, Hp) has been designated a class I carcinogen and is closely associated with severe gastric diseases. During colonization in the gastric mucosa, H. pylori develops immune escape by inducing host immune tolerance. The gastric epithelium acts as the first line of defense against H. pylori, with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in gastric epithelial cells being sensitive to H. pylori components and subsequently activating the innate immune system. However, the mechanism of immune tolerance induced by H. pylori through the TLR signalling pathway has not been fully elucidated. In this research, we detected the expression of TLRs and inflammatory cytokines in GES-1 cells upon sustained exposure to H. pylori or H. pylori lysate from 1 to 30 generations and in Mongolian gerbils infected with H. pylori for 5 to 90 weeks. We found that the levels of TLR6 and inflammatory cytokines first increased and then dropped during the course of H. pylori treatment in vitro and in vivo. The restoration of TLR6 potentiated the expression of IL-1β and IL-8 in GES-1 cells, which recruited neutrophils and reduced the colonization of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa of gerbils. Mechanistically, we found that persistent infection with H. pylori reduces the sensitivity of TLR6 to bacterial components and regulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in GES-1 cells through TLR6/JNK signaling. The TLR6 agonist obviously alleviated inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Promising results suggest that TLR6 may be a potential candidate immunotherapy drug for H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zidai Song
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Fu
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuancheng Lu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xing
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Lv
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyun Huo
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongming Ge
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlong Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion & Metastasis Research, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Liang X, Du W, Huang L, Xiang L, Pan W, Yang F, Zheng F, Xie Y, Geng L, Gong S, Xu W. Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric intestinal metaplasia through activation of IRF3-mediated kynurenine pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:141. [PMID: 37328804 PMCID: PMC10273570 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is a critical event for cell fate and function, making it an attractive target for clinical therapy. The function of metabolic reprogramming in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infected gastric intestinal metaplasia remained to be identified. METHODS Xanthurenic acid (XA) was measured in gastric cancer cells treated with H. pylori or H. pylori virulence factor, respectively, and qPCR and WB were performed to detect CDX2 and key metabolic enzymes expression. A subcellular fractionation approach, luciferase and ChIP combined with immunofluorescence were applied to reveal the mechanism underlying H. pylori mediated kynurenine pathway in intestinal metaplasia in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Herein, we, for the first time, demonstrated that H. pylori contributed to gastric intestinal metaplasia characterized by enhanced Caudal-related homeobox transcription factor-2 (CDX2) and mucin2 (MUC2) expression, which was attributed to activation of kynurenine pathway. H. pylori promoted kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT2)-mediated kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, leading to XA production, which further induced CDX2 expression in gastric epithelial cells. Mechanically, H. pylori activated cyclic guanylate adenylate synthase (cGAS)-interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) pathway in gastric epithelial cells, leading to enhance IRF3 nuclear translocation and the binding of IRF3 to KAT2 promoter. Inhibition of KAT2 could significantly reverse the effect of H. pylori on CDX2 expression. Also, the rescue phenomenon was observed in gastric epithelial cells treated with H. pylori after IRF3 inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Most importantly, phospho-IRF3 was confirmed to be a clinical positive relationship with CDX2. CONCLUSION These finding suggested H. pylori contributed to gastric intestinal metaplasia through KAT2-mediated kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism via cGAS-IRF3 signaling, targeting the kynurenine pathway could be a promising strategy to prevent gastric intestinal metaplasia caused by H. pylori infection. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wenxu Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Fangying Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Fengfeng Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Yongwu Xie
- Department of Hematology, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
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El Filaly H, Desterke C, Outlioua A, Badre W, Rabhi M, Karkouri M, Riyad M, Khalil A, Arnoult D, Akarid K. CXCL-8 as a signature of severe Helicobacter pylori infection and a stimulator of stomach region-dependent immune response. Clin Immunol 2023; 252:109648. [PMID: 37209806 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is involved in development of diverse gastro-pathologies. Our aim is to investigate potential signature of cytokines-chemokine levels (IL-17A, IL-1β, and CXCL-8) in H. pylori-infected patients and their impact on immune response in both corpus and antrum. Multivariate level analysis with machine learning model were carried out using cytokines/chemokine levels of infected Moroccan patients. In addition, Geo dataset was used to run enrichment analysis following CXCL-8 upregulation. Our analysis showed that combination of cytokines-chemokine levels allowed prediction of positive H. pylori density score with <5% of miss-classification error, with fundus CXCL-8 being the most important variable for this discrimination. Furthermore, CXCL-8 dependent expression profile was mainly associated to IL6/JAK/STAT3 signaling in the antrum, interferons alpha and gamma responses in the corpus and commonly induced transcriptional /proliferative activities. To conclude, CXCL-8 level might be a signature of Moroccan H. pylori-infected patients and an inducer of regional-dependent immune response at the gastric level. Larger trials must be carried out to validate the relevance of these results for diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar El Filaly
- Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Ain Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Christophe Desterke
- INSERM UMRS-1311, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Ain Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Outlioua
- Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Ain Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Gastroenterology Department, CHU IbnRochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Moncef Rabhi
- Diagnostic Center, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, CHU Ibn Rochd/Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, UH2C, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Myriam Riyad
- Research Team on Immunopathology of Infectious and Systemic Diseases, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, UH2C, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien Arnoult
- INSERM, UMR_S 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Khadija Akarid
- Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Ain Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco.
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Jin D, Huang K, Xu M, Hua H, Ye F, Yan J, Zhang G, Wang Y. Deoxycholic acid induces gastric intestinal metaplasia by activating STAT3 signaling and disturbing gastric bile acids metabolism and microbiota. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2120744. [PMID: 36067404 PMCID: PMC9467587 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2120744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is the inevitable precancerous stage to develop intestinal-type gastric cancer (GC). Deoxycholic acid (DCA) is the main bile acid (BA) component of duodenogastric reflux and has shown an increased concentration during the transition from chronic gastritis to IM associated with continued STAT3 activation. However, the mechanisms underlying how DCA facilitates IM in the gastric epithelium need exploration. We evaluated IM and bile reflux in corpus tissues from 161 subjects undergoing GC screening. Cell survival and proliferation, proinflammatory cytokine expression and TGR5/STAT3/KLF5 axis activity were measured in normal human gastric cells, cancer cells, and organoid lines derived from C57BL/6, FVB/N and insulin-gastrin (INS-GAS) mice treated with DCA. The effects of DCA on IM development were determined in INS-GAS mice with long-term DCA supplementation, after which the gastric bacterial and BA metabolic profiles were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS. We revealed a BA-triggered TGR5/STAT3/KLF5 pathway in human gastric IM tissues. In gastric epithelial cells, DCA promoted proliferation and apoptotic resistance, upregulated proinflammatory cytokines and IM markers, and facilitated STAT3 phosphorylation, nuclear accumulation and DNA binding to the KLF5 promoter. DCA triggered STAT3 signaling and the downstream IM marker KLF5 in mouse gastric organoids in vitro and in vivo. In INS-GAS mice, DCA promoted the accumulation of serum total BAs and accelerated the stepwise development of gastric IM and dysplasia. DCA induced gastric environmental alterations involving abnormal BA metabolism and microbial dysbiosis, in which the Gemmobacter and Lactobacillus genera were specifically enriched. Lactobacillus genus enrichment was positively correlated with increased levels of GCA, CA, T-α-MCA, TCA and β-MCA in DCA-administrated INS-GAS mice. DCA promotes nuclear STAT3 phosphorylation, which mediates KLF5 upregulation associated with gastric inflammation and IM development. DCA disturbs the gastric microbiome and BA metabolism homeostasis during IM induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duochen Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Keting Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjin Hua
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina
| | - Jin Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina,First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,CONTACT Guoxin Zhang
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanjingChina,Yun Wang Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing China
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Abstract
Like most solid tumours, the microenvironment of epithelial-derived gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) consists of a variety of stromal cell types, including fibroblasts, and neuronal, endothelial and immune cells. In this article, we review the role of the immune microenvironment in the progression of chronic inflammation to GAC, primarily the immune microenvironment driven by the gram-negative bacterial species Helicobacter pylori. The infection-driven nature of most GACs has renewed awareness of the immune microenvironment and its effect on tumour development and progression. About 75-90% of GACs are associated with prior H. pylori infection and 5-10% with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Although 50% of the world's population is infected with H. pylori, only 1-3% will progress to GAC, with progression the result of a combination of the H. pylori strain, host susceptibility and composition of the chronic inflammatory response. Other environmental risk factors include exposure to a high-salt diet and nitrates. Genetically, chromosome instability occurs in ~50% of GACs and 21% of GACs are microsatellite instability-high tumours. Here, we review the timeline and pathogenesis of the events triggered by H. pylori that can create an immunosuppressive microenvironment by modulating the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, and subsequently favour GAC development.
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Koide T, Koyanagi-Aoi M, Uehara K, Kakeji Y, Aoi T. CDX2-induced intestinal metaplasia in human gastric organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. iScience 2022; 25:104314. [PMID: 35602937 PMCID: PMC9118752 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal metaplasia is related to gastric carcinogenesis. Previous studies have suggested the important role of CDX2 in intestinal metaplasia, and several reports have shown that the overexpression of CDX2 in mouse gastric mucosa caused intestinal metaplasia. However, no study has examined the induction of intestinal metaplasia using human gastric mucosa. In the present study, to produce an intestinal metaplasia model in human gastric mucosa in vitro, we differentiated human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) to gastric organoids, followed by the overexpression of CDX2 using a tet-on system. The overexpression of CDX2 induced, although not completely, intestinal phenotypes and the enhanced expression of many, but not all, intestinal genes and previously reported intestinal metaplasia-related genes in the gastric organoids. This model can help clarify the mechanisms underlying intestinal metaplasia and carcinogenesis in human gastric mucosa and develop therapies to restitute precursor conditions of gastric cancer to normal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Koide
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS Cell Applications, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Michiyo Koyanagi-Aoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS Cell Applications, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Human Resource Development for Regenerative Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Uehara
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS Cell Applications, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Aoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS Cell Applications, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Human Resource Development for Regenerative Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Lario S, Ramírez-Lázaro MJ, Brunet-Vega A, Vila-Casadesús M, Aransay AM, Lozano JJ, Calvet X. Coding and non-coding co-expression network analysis identifies key modules and driver genes associated with precursor lesions of gastric cancer. Genomics 2022; 114:110370. [PMID: 35430283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). Human gastric adenocarcinoma develops after long-term H. pylori infection via the Correa cascade. This carcinogenic pathway describes the progression from gastritis to atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia and GC. Patients with atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are considered to have precancerous lesions of GC (PLGC). H. pylori eradication and endoscopy surveillance are currently the only interventions for preventing GC. Better knowledge of the biology of human PLGC may help find stratification markers and contribute to better understanding of biological mechanisms. One way to achieve this is by using co-expression network analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is often used to identify modules from co-expression networks and relate them to clinical traits. It also allows identification of driver genes that may be critical for PLGC. AIM The purpose of this study was to identify co-expression modules and differential gene expression in dyspeptic patients at different stages of the Correa pathway. METHODS We studied 96 gastric biopsies from 78 patients that were clinically classified as: non-active (n = 10) and chronic-active gastritis (n = 20), atrophy (n = 12), and IM (n = 36). Gene expression of coding RNAs was determined by microarrays and non-coding RNAs by RNA-seq. The WGCNA package was used for network construction, module detection, module preservation and hub and driver gene selection. RESULTS WGCNA identified 20 modules for coding RNAs and 4 for each miRNA and small RNA class. Modules were associated with antrum and corpus gastric locations, chronic gastritis and IM. Notably, coding RNA modules correlated with the Correa cascade. One was associated with the presence of H. pylori. In three modules, the module eigengene (ME) gradually increased in the stages toward IM, while in three others the inverse relationship was found. One miRNA module was negatively correlated to IM and was used for a mRNA-miRNA integration analysis. WGCNA also uncovered driver genes. Driver genes show both high connectivity within a module and are significantly associated with clinical traits. Some of those genes have been previously involved in H. pylori carcinogenesis, but others are new. Lastly, using similar external transcriptomic data, we confirmed that the discovered mRNA modules were highly preserved. CONCLUSION Our analysis captured co-expression modules that provide valuable information to understand the pathogenesis of the progression of PLGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lario
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.
| | - María J Ramírez-Lázaro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Anna Brunet-Vega
- Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Maria Vila-Casadesús
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Aransay
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Genome Analysis Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Juan J Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain; Departament de Medicina, UAB, Sabadell, Spain
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8
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Ma S, Wu Q, Zhao Z, Xiong J, Niu J, Liu C, Liu T, Chai Y, Qu X, Ma Z, Zhang L, Pu X. Mechanisms of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides in repairing gastric mucosal injuries based on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 13:71-82. [PMID: 34898361 PMCID: PMC8805811 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2006951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides on gastric mucosal injuries. Following one week of continuous intragastric administration, a gastric mucosal injury model was established using intragastric administration of anhydrous ethanol. The area of gastric ulcer was measured, the contents of interleukin- 6 (IL-6), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TFF-1) in serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expressions of EGFR, TFF-1, IL-6, Raf-2, MAP kinase kinase 1 (MEK1), MEK2, and ERK1 in the gastric tissue were determined utilizing qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Simultaneously, Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides and anhydrous ethanol were added to the gastric mucosal cells (GES1) cultured in vitro, and the protective effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides on cell viability was detected using Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8. The addition of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides markedly improved the gastric epithelial defect, inflammatory cell infiltration, and redness and swelling stemmed from gastric mucosal injuries and greatly reduced the area of gastric ulcer. The inhibition rates of gastric ulcer were 48.12 ± 2.98, 42.95 ± 1.52, and 27.96 ± 2.05% in the high, medium, and low concentration Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide groups, respectively. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides could increase the expressions of EGFR and TFF-1 and decrease the expressions of IL-6, Raf-2, MEK1, MEK2, and ERK1. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides could reduce the level of inflammatory factors and protect gastric mucosa by inhibiting the expression of MAPK pathway genes and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibu Ma
- College of Humanities and Management, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zelin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jiangyan Xiong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jianjun Niu
- Dejiang Nation Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dejiang County, Tongren City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Dejiang Nation Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dejiang County, Tongren City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Tingjiang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yihui Chai
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiangling Qu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zili Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiang Pu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Chen HY, Hu Y, Xu XB, Zhou YA, Li NS, He C, Xie C, Lu NH, Zhu Y. Upregulation of oncogene Activin A receptor type I by Helicobacter pylori infection promotes gastric intestinal metaplasia via regulating CDX2. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12849. [PMID: 34490965 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1) is involved in tumorigenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ACVR1 in gastric cancer (GC) and its association with Helicobacter pylori remained unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database were utilized to explore the ACVR1 expression in GC and normal control and its association with survival. The ACVR1 was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas-9; RNA sequencing analysis was performed in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout and normal control. Functional experiments (CCK-8, colony-forming, and transwell assays) were conducted to demonstrate the role of ACVR1 in cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. H. pylori-infected C57/BL6 models were established. ACVR1, p-Smad1/5, and CDX2 were detected in AGS cells cocultured with H. pylori strains. The CDX2 and key elements of BMP signaling pathway were detected in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout and normal control. In addition, Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the ACVR1 and CDX2 expression in gastric samples. RESULTS ACVR1 expression was higher in GC than normal control from TCGA, GEPIA, and samples collected from our hospital (p < 0.05). ACVR1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Both cagA+ and cagA- H. pylori could upregulate the expression ACVR1 (p < 0.05). Downregulation of ACVR1 inhibited the H. pylori-induced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (p < 0.05). H. pylori increased the expression of p-Smad 1/5 and CDX2. The CDX2 and key elements of BMP signaling pathway were downregulated in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout. ACVR1 and CDX2 were upregulated in the stage of intestinal metaplasia (IM). Moreover, ACVR1 and CDX2 expressions were higher in H. pylori-positive group than H. pylori-negative group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that H. pylori infection increases ACVR1 expression, promoting gastric IM via regulating CDX2, which is an essential step in H. pylori carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Bo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-An Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nian-Shuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nong-Hua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Lu H, Wang Q, Liu W, Wen Z, Li Y. Precision strategies for cancer treatment by modifying the tumor-related bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6183-6197. [PMID: 34402938 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research on the roles of the bacteria in tumor development and progression is a rapidly emerging field. Increasing evidence links bacteria with the modification of the tumor immune microenvironment, which greatly influences the antitumor response. In view of the individual immune effects of various bacteria in various tumors, developing personalized bacteria-modulating therapy may be a key to successful antitumor treatment. This review emphasizes the critical role of the bacteria in immune regulation, including both the tumor bacteria and gut bacteria. Aiming at tumor-related bacteria, we focus on various precise modulation strategies and discuss their impact and potential for tumor suppression. Finally, engineered bacteria with tumor-targeting ability could achieve precise delivery of various payloads into tumors, acting as a precision tool. Therefore, a precise tumor-related bacteria therapy may be a promising approach to suppress the development of tumors, as well as an adjuvant therapy to improve the antitumor efficacy of other approaches. KEY POINTS: • The mini-review updates the knowledge on complex effect of bacteria in TME. • Insight into the interaction and adjustment of bacteria in gut for TME. • Prospects and limitations of bacteria-related personalized therapy in the clinical anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhen Lu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhuo Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzheng Liu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wen Y, Chen H, Luo F, Zhou H, Li Z. Roles of long noncoding RNAs in bacterial infection. Life Sci 2020; 263:118579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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12
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Genomics and Proteomics Analyses Revealed Novel Candidate Pesticidal Proteins in a Lepidopteran-Toxic Bacillus thuringiensis Strain. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12110673. [PMID: 33114565 PMCID: PMC7693509 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12110673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery and identification of novel insecticidal proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains are of crucial importance for efficient biological control of pests and better management of insect resistance. In this study, the Bt strain KhF, toxic for Plodia interpunctella and Grapholita molesta larvae, underwent genomics and proteomics analyses to achieve a better understanding of the bases of its pathogenicity. The whole-genome sequencing results revealed that the KhF strain contained nine coding sequences with homologies to Bt insecticidal genes. The lepidopteran toxic mixture of spores and crystals of this Bt strain was subjected to liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to assess the protein composition. The results of the proteomic analyses, combined with the toxin gene sequences, revealed that two of the main components of the crystals were two new candidate pesticidal proteins, named KhFA and KhFB. These proteins showed a similarity lower than 36% to the other known Bt toxins. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the KhFA and KhFB grouped with the newly denominated Xpp and Mpp (former ETX/Mtx) pesticidal protein groups, respectively. Altogether, this study has led to the discovery of two novel candidate pesticidal toxins in the lepidopteran toxic KhF strain.
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