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Kataoka N. Ketogluconate production by Gluconobacter strains: enzymes and biotechnological applications. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:499-508. [PMID: 38323387 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Gluconobacter strains perform incomplete oxidation of various sugars and alcohols, employing regio- and stereoselective membrane-bound dehydrogenases oriented toward the periplasmic space. This oxidative fermentation process is utilized industrially. The ketogluconate production pathway, characteristic of these strains, begins with the conversion of d-glucose to d-gluconate, which then diverges and splits into 2 pathways producing 5-keto-d-gluconate and 2-keto-d-gluconate and subsequently 2,5-diketo-d-gluconate. These transformations are facilitated by membrane-bound d-glucose dehydrogenase, glycerol dehydrogenase, d-gluconate dehydrogenase, and 2-keto-d-gluconate dehydrogenase. The variance in end products across Gluconobacter strains stems from the diversity of enzymes and their activities. This review synthesizes biochemical and genetic knowledge with biotechnological applications, highlighting recent advances in metabolic engineering and the development of an efficient production process focusing on enzymes relevant to the ketogluconate production pathway in Gluconobacter strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kataoka
- Organization for Research Initiatives, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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2
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New perspectives into Gluconobacter-catalysed biotransformations. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108127. [PMID: 36924811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Different from other aerobic microorganisms that oxidise carbon sources to water and carbon dioxide, Gluconobacter catalyses the incomplete oxidation of various substrates with regio- and stereoselectivity. This ability, as well as its capacity to release the resulting products into the reaction media, place Gluconobacter as a privileged member of a non-model microorganism class that may boost industrial biotechnology. Knowledge of new technologies applied to Gluconobacter has been piling up in recent years. Advancements in its genetic modification, application of immobilisation tools and careful designs of the transformations, have improved productivities and stabilities of Gluconobacter strains or enabled new bioconversions for the production of valuable marketable chemicals. In this work, the latest advancements applied to Gluconobacter-catalysed biotransformations are summarised with a special focus on recent available tools to improve them. From genetic and metabolic engineering to bioreactor design, the most recent works on the topic are analysed in depth to provide a comprehensive resource not only for scientists and technologists working on/with Gluconobacter, but for the general biotechnologist.
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Hua X, Han J, Zhou X, Xu Y. Gas pressure intensifying oxygen transfer to significantly improving the bio‐oxidation productivity of whole‐cell catalysis. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.18005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hua
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
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Battling S, Engel T, Herweg E, Niehoff PJ, Pesch M, Scholand T, Schöpping M, Sonntag N, Büchs J. Highly efficient fermentation of 5-keto-D-fructose with Gluconobacter oxydans at different scales. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:255. [PMID: 36496372 PMCID: PMC9741787 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global market for sweeteners is increasing, and the food industry is constantly looking for new low-caloric sweeteners. The natural sweetener 5-keto-D-fructose is one such candidate. 5-Keto-D-fructose has a similar sweet taste quality as fructose. Developing a highly efficient 5-keto-D-fructose production process is key to being competitive with established sweeteners. Hence, the 5-keto-D-fructose production process was optimised regarding titre, yield, and productivity. RESULTS For production of 5-keto-D-fructose with G. oxydans 621H ΔhsdR pBBR1-p264-fdhSCL-ST an extended-batch fermentation was conducted. During fructose feeding, a decreasing respiratory activity occurred, despite sufficient carbon supply. Oxygen and second substrate limitation could be excluded as reasons for the decreasing respiration. It was demonstrated that a short period of oxygen limitation has no significant influence on 5-keto-D-fructose production, showing the robustness of this process. Increasing the medium concentration increased initial biomass formation. Applying a fructose feeding solution with a concentration of approx. 1200 g/L, a titre of 545 g/L 5-keto-D-fructose was reached. The yield was with 0.98 g5-keto-d-fructose/gfructose close to the theoretical maximum. A 1200 g/L fructose solution has a viscosity of 450 mPa∙s at a temperature of 55 °C. Hence, the solution itself and the whole peripheral feeding system need to be heated, to apply such a highly concentrated feeding solution. Thermal treatment of highly concentrated fructose solutions led to the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which inhibited the 5-keto-D-fructose production. Therefore, fructose solutions were only heated to about 100 °C for approx. 10 min. An alternative feeding strategy was investigated using solid fructose cubes, reaching the highest productivities above 10 g5-keto-d-fructose/L/h during feeding. Moreover, the scale-up of the 5-keto-D-fructose production to a 150 L pressurised fermenter was successfully demonstrated using liquid fructose solutions (745 g/L). CONCLUSION We optimised the 5-keto-D-fructose production process and successfully increased titre, yield and productivity. By using solid fructose, we presented a second feeding strategy, which can be of great interest for further scale-up experiments. A first scale-up of this process was performed, showing the possibility for an industrial production of 5-keto-D-fructose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Battling
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Engel
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elena Herweg
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul-Joachim Niehoff
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Pesch
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa Scholand
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie Schöpping
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nina Sonntag
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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5
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Battling S, Pastoors J, Deitert A, Götzen T, Hartmann L, Schröder E, Yordanov S, Büchs J. Development of a novel defined minimal medium for Gluconobacter oxydans 621H by systematic investigation of metabolic demands. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:31. [DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Historically, complex media are used for the cultivation of Gluconobacter oxydans in industry and research. Using complex media has different drawbacks like higher costs for downstream processing and significant variations in fermentation performances. Synthetic media can overcome those drawbacks, lead to reproducible fermentation performances. However, the development of a synthetic medium is time and labour consuming. Detailed knowledge about auxotrophies and metabolic requirements of G. oxydans is necessary. In this work, we use a systematic approach applying the in-house developed μRAMOS technology to identify auxotrophies and develop a defined minimal medium for cultivation of G. oxydans fdh, improving the production process of the natural sweetener 5-ketofructose.
Results
A rich, defined synthetic medium, consisting of 48 components, including vitamins, amino acids and trace elements, was used as a basis for medium development. In a comprehensive series of experiments, component groups and single media components were individually omitted from or supplemented to the medium and analysed regarding their performance. Main components like salts and trace elements were necessary for the growth of G. oxydans fdh, whereas nucleotides were shown to be non-essential. Moreover, results indicated that the amino acids isoleucine, glutamate and glycine and the vitamins nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid are necessary for the growth of G. oxydans fdh. The glutamate concentration was increased three-fold, functioning as a precursor for amino acid synthesis. Finally, a defined minimal medium called ‘Gluconobacter minimal medium’ was developed. The performance of this medium was tested in comparison with commonly used media for Gluconobacter. Similar/competitive results regarding cultivation time, yield and productivity were obtained. Moreover, the application of the medium in a fed-batch fermentation process was successfully demonstrated.
Conclusion
The systematic investigation of a wide range of media components allowed the successful development of the Gluconobacter minimal medium. This chemically defined medium contains only 14 ingredients, customised for the cultivation of G. oxydans fdh and 5-ketofructose production. This enables a more straightforward process development regarding upstream and downstream processing. Moreover, metabolic demands of G. oxydans were identified, which further can be used in media or strain development for different processes.
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Metabolic flux modeling of Gluconobacter oxydans enables improved production of bioleaching organic acids. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Characterization of Two Dehydrogenases from Gluconobacter oxydans Involved in the Transformation of Patulin to Ascladiol. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070423. [PMID: 35878161 PMCID: PMC9323132 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Patulin is a mycotoxin that primarily contaminate apples and apple products. Whole cell or cell-free extracts of Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621 were able to transform patulin to E-ascladiol. Proteins from cell-free extracts were separated by anion exchange chromatography and fractions with patulin transformation activity were subjected to peptide mass fingerprinting, enabling the identification of two NADPH dependent short chain dehydrogenases, GOX0525 and GOX1899, with the requisite activity. The genes encoding these enzymes were expressed in E. coli and purified. Kinetic parameters for patulin reduction, as well as pH profiles and thermostability were established to provide further insight on the potential application of these enzymes for patulin detoxification.
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Ma Y, Li B, Zhang X, Wang C, Chen W. Production of Gluconic Acid and Its Derivatives by Microbial Fermentation: Process Improvement Based on Integrated Routes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:864787. [PMID: 35651548 PMCID: PMC9149244 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.864787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluconic acid (GA) and its derivatives, as multifunctional biological chassis compounds, have been widely used in the food, medicine, textile, beverage and construction industries. For the past few decades, the favored production means of GA and its derivatives are microbial fermentation using various carbon sources containing glucose hydrolysates due to high-yield GA production and mature fermentation processes. Advancements in improving fermentation process are thriving which enable more efficient and economical industrial fermentation to produce GA and its derivatives, such as the replacement of carbon sources with agro-industrial byproducts and integrated routes involving genetically modified strains, cascade hydrolysis or micro- and nanofiltration in a membrane unit. These efforts pave the way for cheaper industrial fermentation process of GA and its derivatives, which would expand the application and widen the market of them. This review summarizes the recent advances, points out the existing challenges and provides an outlook on future development regarding the production of GA and its derivatives by microbial fermentation, aiming to promote the combination of innovative production of GA and its derivatives with industrial fermentation in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wei Chen,
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wei Chen,
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9
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Kataoka N, Saichana N, Matsutani M, Toyama H, Matsushita K, Yakushi T. Characterization of 3 phylogenetically distinct membrane-bound d-gluconate dehydrogenases of Gluconobacter spp. and their biotechnological application for efficient 2-keto-d-gluconate production. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:681-690. [PMID: 35150230 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We identified a novel flavoprotein-cytochrome c complex d-gluconate dehydrogenase (GADH) encoded by gndXYZ of Gluconobacter oxydans NBRC 3293, which is phylogenetically distinct from previously reported GADHs encoded by gndFGH and gndSLC of Gluconobacter spp. To analyze the biochemical properties of respective GADHs, Gluconobacter japonicus NBRC 3271 mutant strain lacking membranous d-gluconate dehydrogenase activity was constructed. All GADHs (GndFGH, GndSLC, and GndXYZ) were successfully overexpressed in the constructed strain. The optimal pH and KM value at that pH of GndFGH, GndSLC, and GndXYZ were 5, 6, and 4, and 8.82 ± 1.15, 22.9 ± 5.0, and 11.3 ± 1.5 m m, respectively. When the mutants overexpressing respective GADHs were cultured in d-glucose-containing medium, all of them produced 2-keto-d-gluconate, revealing that GndXYZ converts d-gluconate to 2-keto-d-gluconate as well as other GADHs. Among the recombinants, the gndXYZ-overexpressing strain accumulated the highest level of 2-keto-d-gluconate, suggesting its potential for 2-keto-d-gluconate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kataoka
- Division of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Natsaran Saichana
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,Microbial Products and Innovation Research Group, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | | | - Hirohide Toyama
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Matsushita
- Division of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yakushi
- Division of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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10
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Clearwater MJ, Noe ST, Manley-Harris M, Truman GL, Gardyne S, Murray J, Obeng-Darko SA, Richardson SJ. Nectary photosynthesis contributes to the production of mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium) floral nectar. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:1703-1717. [PMID: 34287899 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current models of floral nectar production do not include a contribution from photosynthesis by green nectary tissue, even though many species have green nectaries. Mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium) floral nectaries are green, and in addition to sugars, their nectar contains dihydroxyacetone (DHA), the precursor of the antimicrobial agent in the honey. We investigated causes of variation in mānuka floral nectar production, particularly the effect of light incident on the nectary. Flower gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and the effects on nectar of age, temperature, light, sucrose, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), pyridoxal phosphate, and 13 CO2 , were measured for attached and excised flowers. Flower age affected all nectar traits, whilst temperature affected total nectar sugar only. Increased light reduced floral CO2 efflux, increased nectar sugar production, and affected the ratio of DHA to other nectar sugars. DCMU, an inhibitor of photosystem II, reduced nectar sugar production. Pyridoxal phosphate, an inhibitor of the chloroplast envelope triose phosphate transporter, reduced nectar DHA content. Incubation of excised flowers with 13 CO2 in the light resulted in enrichment of nectar sugars, including DHA. Photosynthesis within green nectaries contributes to nectar sugars and influences nectar composition. Mānuka nectar DHA arises from pools of triose phosphate that are modulated by nectary photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Clearwater
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
| | - Stevie T Noe
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
| | - Merilyn Manley-Harris
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
| | - Georgia-Leigh Truman
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Gardyne
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
| | - Jessica Murray
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
| | - Sylvester A Obeng-Darko
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3216, New Zealand
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand
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11
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Li G, Wang L, Deng Y, Wei Q. Research progress of the biosynthetic strains and pathways of bacterial cellulose. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 49:6373448. [PMID: 34549273 PMCID: PMC9113090 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose is a glucose biopolymer produced by microorganisms and widely used as a natural renewable and sustainable resource in the world. However, few bacterial cellulose-producing strains and low yield of cellulose greatly limited the development of bacterial cellulose. In this review, we summarized the 30 cellulose-producing bacteria reported so far, including the physiological functions and the metabolic synthesis mechanism of bacterial cellulose, and the involved three kinds of cellulose synthases (type I, type II, and type III), which are expected to provide a reference for the exploration of new cellulose-producing microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yu Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Qufu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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12
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Qin Z, Yu S, Liu L, Wang L, Chen J, Zhou J. A SacB-based system for diverse and multiple genome editing in Gluconobacter oxydans. J Biotechnol 2021; 338:31-39. [PMID: 34246659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans is an important industrial bacterial strain widely used to produce a lot of useful products. However, very few gene editing tools are available for G. oxydans. This study aimed to develop an efficient genome editing method for G. oxydans using SacB as a counter-selectable marker. A plasmid that could express the kanamycin resistance gene in both E. coli and G. oxydans was constructed using the screened shuttle promoter P116. After optimizing the genome editing conditions, the derivative plasmids could be effectively utilized for diverse genome editing, such as gene deletion, insertion, replacement, and in situ modification in G. oxydans WSH-003. In addition, the SacB-based system also achieved multiple gene editing in G. oxydans. Moreover, the genome of the industrial strain G. oxydans WSH-003 was modified and the growth rate and substrate conversion rate of the strain successfully increased using this system. The system could also have potential to be applied in different G. oxydans strains. The process established in this study also provides a reference for constructing genetic tools for many other genetically recalcitrant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Li Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
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13
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Liu X, Ali A, Liu C, Liu Y, Zhang P. The first in-depth exploration of the genome of the engineered bacterium, Gluconobacter thailandicus. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1190-1198. [PMID: 34009642 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol is an abundant byproduct of biodiesel production that has significant industrial value and can be converted into dihydroxyacetone (DHA). DHA is widely used for the production of various chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and food additives. Gluconobacter can convert glycerol to DHA through two different pathways, including membrane-bound dehydrogenases with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and NAD(P)+ -dependent enzymes. Previous work has indicated that membrane-bound dehydrogenases are present in Gluconobacter oxydans and Gluconobacter frateurii, but the metabolic mechanism of Gluconobacter thailandicus's glycerol conversion is still not clear. Through in-depth analysis of the G. thailandicus genome and annotation of its metabolic pathways, we revealed the existence of both PQQ and NAD(P)+ -dependent enzymes in G. thailandicus. In addition, this study provides important information related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycerol dehydrogenase level, and phylogenetic relationships of this important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Liu
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, Laboratory of Bioresource and Applied Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
| | - Afsana Ali
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, Laboratory of Bioresource and Applied Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chenyi Liu
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, Laboratory of Bioresource and Applied Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, Laboratory of Bioresource and Applied Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
| | - Pengpai Zhang
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, Laboratory of Bioresource and Applied Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
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14
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Battistelli N, Perpetuini G, Piva A, Pepe A, Sidari R, Wache Y, Tofalo R. Cultivable microbial ecology and aromatic profile of "mothers" for Vino cotto wine production. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110311. [PMID: 33992330 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the cultivable microbiota of "mothers" of Vino cotto collected from production of different years 1890, 1895, 1920, 1975, 2008. A total of 73 yeasts and 81 bacteria were isolated. Starmerella lactis-condensi, Starmerella bacillaris, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hanseniaspora guillermondi and Metschnikowia pulcherrima were identified. Bacteria isolates belonged to lactic acid bacteria (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus) and acetic acid bacteria (Gluconobacter oxydans). Remarkable biodiversity was observed for Starm. bacillaris, as well as L. plantarum and G. oxydans. Organic acids and volatile compounds were also determined. Malic and succinic acids were the main ones with values ranging from 8.49 g/L to 11.76 g/L and from 4.15 g/L to 7.73 g/L respectively, while citric acid was present at low concentrations (<0.2 g/L) in all samples. Esters and higher alcohols were the main volatile compounds detected followed by alkanes. This study permits to better understand the microbial communities associated to this product and could be considered a starting point for the definition of tailored starter cultures to improve the quality of Vino cotto preserving its typical traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Battistelli
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini, 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giorgia Perpetuini
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini, 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrea Piva
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini, 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessia Pepe
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini, 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Rossana Sidari
- Department of Agraria, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Yves Wache
- Tropical Fermentation Network, France; International Joint Laboratory, Tropical Bioresources & Biotechnology, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102 and School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Dijon, France; School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand
| | - Rosanna Tofalo
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini, 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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15
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Tarasov SE, Plekhanova YV, Bykov AG, Kazakov AS, Vishnevskaya MV, Parunova YM, Gotovtsev PM, Reshetilov AN. Perspective of Using Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentas VKPM B-11267 in Biofuel Cells. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Azi F, Tu C, Rasheed HA, Dong M. Comparative study of the phenolics, antioxidant and metagenomic composition of novel soy whey‐based beverages produced using three different water kefir microbiota. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fidelis Azi
- College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210095 China
- Department of Food Science & Technology Ebonyi State University, EBSU Abakaliki Ebonyi State P.M.B 053 Nigeria
| | - Chuanhai Tu
- College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210095 China
| | - Hafiz Abdul Rasheed
- College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210095 China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210095 China
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17
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Liu L, Zeng W, Du G, Chen J, Zhou J. Identification of NAD-Dependent Xylitol Dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15074-15080. [PMID: 31552350 PMCID: PMC6751703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans plays an important role in the conversion of d-sorbitol to l-sorbose, which is an essential intermediate for the industrial-scale production of vitamin C. In the fermentation process, some d-sorbitol could be converted to d-fructose and other byproducts by uncertain dehydrogenases. Genome sequencing has revealed the presence of diverse genes encoding dehydrogenases in G. oxydans. However, the characteristics of most of these dehydrogenases remain unclear. Therefore, the analyses of these unknown dehydrogenases could be useful for identifying those related to the production of d-fructose and other byproducts. Accordingly, dehydrogenases in G. oxydans WSH-003, an industrial strain used for vitamin C production, were examined. A nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent dehydrogenase, which was annotated as xylitol dehydrogenase 2, was identified, codon-optimized, and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The enzyme exhibited a high preference for NAD+ as the cofactor, while no activity with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, flavin adenine dinucleotide, or pyrroloquinoline quinone was noted. Although this enzyme presented high similarity with NAD-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase, it showed high activity to catalyze d-sorbitol to d-fructose. Unlike the optimum temperature and pH for most of the known NAD-dependent xylitol dehydrogenases (30-40 °C and about 6-8, respectively), those for the identified enzyme were 57 °C and 12, respectively. The values of K m and V max of the identified dehydrogenase toward l-sorbitol were 4.92 μM and 196.08 μM/min, respectively. Thus, xylitol dehydrogenase 2 can be useful for the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide regeneration under alkaline conditions, or its knockout can improve the conversion ratio of d-sorbitol to l-sorbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School
of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry
of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, and Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for
Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weizhu Zeng
- School
of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry
of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, and Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for
Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- School
of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry
of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, and Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for
Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School
of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry
of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, and Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for
Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- School
of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry
of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, and Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for
Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- E-mail: . Tel/Fax: +86-510-85914317
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18
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Efficient biosynthesis of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid by fed-batch culture of metabolically engineered Gluconobacter japonicus. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2019; 4:134-141. [PMID: 31384676 PMCID: PMC6661466 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
2-keto-d-gluconic acid (2-KGA) is a key precursor for synthesising vitamin C and isovitamin C. However, phage contamination is as constant problem in industrial production of 2-KGA using Pseudomonas fluorescens. Gluconobacter holds promise for producing 2-KGA due to impressive resistance to hypertonicity and acids, and high utilisation of glucose. In this study, the 2-KGA synthesis pathway was regulated to enhance production of 2-KGA and reduce accumulation of the by-products 5-keto-d-gluconic acid (5-KGA) and d-gluconic acid (D-GA) in the 2-KGA producer Gluconobacter japonicus CGMCC 1.49. Knocking out the ga5dh-1 gene from a competitive pathway and overexpressing the ga2dh-A gene from the 2-KGA synthesis pathway via homologous recombination increased the titre of 2-KGA by 63.81% in shake flasks. Additionally, accumulation of 5-KGA was decreased by 63.52% with the resulting G. japonicas-Δga5dh-1-ga2dh-A strain. Using an intermittent fed-batch mode in a 3 L fermenter, 2-KGA reached 235.3 g L−1 with a 91.1% glucose conversion rate. Scaling up in a 15 L fermenter led to stable 2-KGA titre with productivity of 2.99 g L−1 h−1, 11.99% higher than in the 3 L fermenter, and D-GA and 5-KGA by-products were completely converted to 2-KGA.
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19
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Streptophyta and Acetic Acid Bacteria Succession Promoted by Brass in Slow Sand Filter System Schmutzdeckes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7021. [PMID: 31065033 PMCID: PMC6504865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Macro- and microorganism activities are important for the effectiveness of the slow sand filtration (SSF), where native microorganisms remove contaminants mainly by substrate competition, predation, and antagonism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the addition of the oligodynamic metals iron, copper, and brass, inserted separately into SSF to enhance pollutant removal in water samples. Four laboratory-scale SSFs were built and tested: control, iron, copper, and brass. Water analysis included physicochemical evaluation, total and fecal coliform quantification. An analysis on microbial communities in the SSFs schmutzdecke was achieved by using 16S rRNA amplification, the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the QIIME bioinformatics software. The results demonstrated that inorganic and organic contaminants such as coliforms were removed up to 90%. The addition of metals had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the other parameters. The microbial community analysis demonstrated different compositions of the SSF with brass-influent, where the eukaryote Streptophyta was predominant (31.4%), followed by the acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter (24.6%), and Acetobacteraceae (7.7%), these genera were absent in the other SSF treatments. In conclusion, the use of a SSF system can be a low cost alternative to reduce microbial contamination in water and thus reduce gastrointestinal diseases in rural areas.
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20
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Dihydroxyacetone as a definitive treatment for aluminium phosphide poisoning in rats. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2018; 69:169-177. [PMID: 29990298 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2018-69-3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminium phosphide (AlP), a very toxic pesticide also known as the rice tablet, releases phosphine gas upon contact with water, moisture, or gastric acid. Its mortality rate in humans is 70-100 % due to cardiogenic shock and refractory hypotension. Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is a simple ketonic carbohydrate, mainly used for sunless skin tanning. It also plays a beneficial role in the treatment of hypotension and cardiogenic shock by restoring blood volume and cellular respiration. The aim of this study was to investigate the its effect on the haemodynamics and electrocardiogram (ECG) in male rats poisoned with AlP. The animals were divided into the following groups: control (received 1 mL corn oil, orally), AlP (received 15 mg kg-1 AlP solved in corn oil, orally), AlP plus DHA (treated with 50 mg kg-1 of DHA 30 min after receiving AlP), and AlP plus N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (treated with 200 mg kg-1 of NAC 30 min after receiving AlP). The animals were then anaesthetised and ECG, blood pressure, and heart rate were recorded for 120 min. Treatment with AlP alone and in combination with NAC was associated with progressive hypotension, tachycardia, and ECG disturbances in rats, resulting in 100 % mortality 3 h after poisoning. However, DHA achieved 100 % survival in the poisoned rats and prevented AlP-induced ECG and haemodynamic abnormalities. The main mechanism of DHA in the treatment of AlP poisoning is unclear, but the findings suggest the promising therapeutic potential of DHA against AlP poisoning.
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21
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Plekhanova Y, Tarasov S, Kolesov V, Kuznetsova I, Signore M, Quaranta F, Reshetilov A. Effects of Polymer Matrices and Carbon Nanotubes on the Generation of Electric Energy in a Microbial Fuel Cell. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:E99. [PMID: 30366368 PMCID: PMC6315946 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The anode of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) was formed on a graphite electrode and immobilized Gluconobacter oxydans VKM-1280 bacterial cells. Immobilization was performed in chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) or N-vinylpyrrolidone-modified poly(vinyl alcohol). Ethanol was used as substrate. The anode was modified using multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The aim of the modification was to create a conductive network between cell lipid membranes, containing exposed pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent alcoholdehydrogenases, and the electrode to facilitate electron transfer in the system. The bioelectrochemical characteristics of modified anodes at various cell/polymer ratios were assessed via current density, power density, polarization curves and impedance spectres. Microbial fuel cells based on chitosan at a matrix/cell volume ratio of 5:1 produced maximal power characteristics of the system (8.3 μW/cm²) at a minimal resistance (1111 Ohm cm²). Modification of the anode by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) led to a slight decrease of internal resistance (down to 1078 Ohm cm²) and to an increase of generated power density up to 10.6 μW/cm². We explored the possibility of accumulating electric energy from an MFC on a 6800-μF capacitor via a boost converter. Generated voltage was increased from 0.3 V up to 3.2 V. Accumulated energy was used to power a Clark-type biosensor and a Bluetooth transmitter with three sensors, a miniature electric motor and a light-emitting diode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Plekhanova
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Sergei Tarasov
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Kolesov
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Iren Kuznetsova
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Maria Signore
- CNR, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Fabio Quaranta
- CNR, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Anatoly Reshetilov
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
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La China S, Zanichelli G, De Vero L, Gullo M. Oxidative fermentations and exopolysaccharides production by acetic acid bacteria: a mini review. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:1289-1302. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms. Mol Biol Evol 2018; 35:1547-1549. [PMID: 29722887 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-30745-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (Mega) software implements many analytical methods and tools for phylogenomics and phylomedicine. Here, we report a transformation of Mega to enable cross-platform use on Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems. Mega X does not require virtualization or emulation software and provides a uniform user experience across platforms. Mega X has additionally been upgraded to use multiple computing cores for many molecular evolutionary analyses. Mega X is available in two interfaces (graphical and command line) and can be downloaded from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kumar
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Excellence in Genome Medicine and Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glen Stecher
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael Li
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christina Knyaz
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Koichiro Tamura
- Research Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Japan
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24
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Ua-Arak T, Jakob F, Vogel RF. Influence of levan-producing acetic acid bacteria on buckwheat-sourdough breads. Food Microbiol 2017; 65:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Kiefler I, Bringer S, Bott M. Metabolic engineering of Gluconobacter oxydans 621H for increased biomass yield. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5453-5467. [PMID: 28484812 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The obligatory aerobic acetic acid bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans incompletely oxidizes carbon sources regio- and stereoselectively in the periplasm and therefore is used industrially for oxidative biotransformations, e. g., in vitamin C production. However, it has a very low biomass yield as the oxidized products largely remain in the medium and cannot be used for anabolism. Cytoplasmic carbon metabolism occurs via the pentose phosphate pathway and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, whereas glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle are incomplete. Acetate is formed as an end product via pyruvate decarboxylase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. In order to increase the biomass yield from glucose, we sequentially replaced (i) gdhS encoding the cytoplasmic NADP-dependent glucose dehydrogenase by the Acetobacter pasteurianus sdhCDABE genes for succinate dehydrogenase and the flavinylation factor SdhE (strain IK001), (ii) pdc encoding pyruvate decarboxylase by a second ndh gene encoding a type II NADH dehydrogenase (strain IK002.1), and (iii) gdhM encoding the membrane-bound PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase by sucCD from Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus encoding succinyl-CoA synthetase (strain IK003.1). Analysis of the strains under controlled cultivation conditions in bioreactors revealed for IK003.1 that neither gluconate nor 2-ketogluconate was formed, but some 5-ketogluconate. Acetate formation was eliminated, and comparable amounts of pyruvate were formed instead. CO2 formation by IK003.1 was more than doubled compared to the reference strain. Growth of IK003.1 was retarded, but the biomass yield of this strain was raised by 60%. IK003.1 serves as suitable host for oxidative biotransformations and for further metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Kiefler
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, D-52425, Jülich, Germany.,The Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Bringer
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, D-52425, Jülich, Germany.,The Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Bott
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, D-52425, Jülich, Germany. .,The Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany.
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26
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Reshetilov AN, Plekhanova YV, Tarasov SE, Arlyapov VA, Kolesov VV, Gutorov MA, Gotovtsev PM, Vasilov RG. Effect of some carbon nanomaterials on ethanol oxidation by Gluconobacter oxydans bacterial cells. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683817010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Ua-Arak T, Jakob F, Vogel RF. Characterization of growth and exopolysaccharide production of selected acetic acid bacteria in buckwheat sourdoughs. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 239:103-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Sainz F, Jesús Torija M, Matsutani M, Kataoka N, Yakushi T, Matsushita K, Mas A. Determination of Dehydrogenase Activities Involved in D-Glucose Oxidation in Gluconobacter and Acetobacter Strains. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1358. [PMID: 27625643 PMCID: PMC5003925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are known for rapid and incomplete oxidation of an extensively variety of alcohols and carbohydrates, resulting in the accumulation of organic acids as the final products. These oxidative fermentations in AAB are catalyzed by PQQ- or FAD- dependent membrane-bound dehydrogenases. In the present study, the enzyme activity of the membrane-bound dehydrogenases [membrane-bound PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase (mGDH), D-gluconate dehydrogenase (GADH) and membrane-bound glycerol dehydrogenase (GLDH)] involved in the oxidation of D-glucose and D-gluconic acid (GA) was determined in six strains of three different species of AAB (three natural and three type strains). Moreover, the effect of these activities on the production of related metabolites [GA, 2-keto-D-gluconic acid (2KGA) and 5-keto-D-gluconic acid (5KGA)] was analyzed. The natural strains belonging to Gluconobacter showed a high mGDH activity and low activity in GADH and GLDH, whereas the Acetobacter malorum strain presented low activity in the three enzymes. Nevertheless, no correlation was observed between the activity of these enzymes and the concentration of the corresponding metabolites. In fact, all the tested strains were able to oxidize D-glucose to GA, being maximal at the late exponential phase of the AAB growth (24 h), which coincided with D-glucose exhaustion and the maximum mGDH activity. Instead, only some of the tested strains were capable of producing 2KGA and/or 5KGA. In the case of Gluconobacter oxydans strains, no 2KGA production was detected which is related to the absence of GADH activity after 24 h, while in the remaining strains, detection of GADH activity after 24 h resulted in a high accumulation of 2KGA. Therefore, it is possible to choose the best strain depending on the desired product composition. Moreover, the sequences of these genes were used to construct phylogenetic trees. According to the sequence of gcd, gene coding for mGDH, Acetobacter and Komagataeibacter were phylogenetically more closely related each other than with Gluconobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Sainz
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Jesús Torija
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona, Spain
| | - Minenosuke Matsutani
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Naoya Kataoka
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yakushi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Matsushita
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Albert Mas
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona, Spain
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Li K, Mao X, Liu L, Lin J, Sun M, Wei D, Yang S. Overexpression of membrane-bound gluconate-2-dehydrogenase to enhance the production of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid by Gluconobacter oxydans. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:121. [PMID: 27392695 PMCID: PMC4939059 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0521-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 2-keto-d-gluconic acid (2KGA) is widely used as a chemical intermediate in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and environmental industries. Several microbial fermentation processes have been developed for production of 2KGA but these suffer from substrate/product inhibition, byproduct formation and low productivity. In previous work, we showed that 2KGA can be specifically produced from glucose (Glu) or gluconic acid (GA) by resting wild-type Gluconobacter oxydans DSM2003 cells, although substrate concentration was relatively low. In this study, we attempted to improve 2KGA productivity by G. oxydans DSM2003 by overexpressing the ga2dh gene, which encodes the membrane-bound gluconate-2-dehydrogenase enzyme (GA2DH). Results The ga2dh gene was overexpressed in G. oxydans DSM2003 under the control of three promoters, PtufB, Pga2dh or Pghp0169, respectively. Among the recombinant strains obtained, G. oxydans_tufB_ga2dh showed a similar growth rate to that of the control strain and displayed the highest specific productivity of 2KGA from GA, which was increased nearly twofold compared with that of the control strain during batch biotransformation. When biocatalysis conditions were optimized, with provision of sufficient oxygen during biotransformation, up to 480 g/L GA was completely utilized over 45 h by resting cells of G. oxydans_tufB_ga2dh and 453.3 g/L 2KGA was produced. A productivity of 10.07 g/L/h and a yield of 95.3 % were obtained. Overexpression of the ga2dh gene also significantly improved the conversion of Glu to 2KGA. Under optimized conditions, 270 g/L Glu was converted to 321 g/L 2KGA over 18 h, with a yield of 99.1 % and a productivity of 17.83 g/L/h. The glucose concentrations during the batch biotransformation and the 2KGA productivities achieved in this study were relatively high compared with the results of previous studies. Conclusions This study developed an efficient bacterial strain (G. oxydans_tufB_ga2dh) for the production of 2KGA by overexpressing the ga2dh gene in G. oxydans. Supply of sufficient oxygen enhanced the positive effect of gene overexpression on 2KGA production. Gluconobacter oxydans_tufB_ga2dh is thus a competitive species for use in 2KGA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xinlei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jinping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shengli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Biotechnology Institute, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Kosciow K, Domin C, Schweiger P, Deppenmeier U. Extracellular targeting of an active endoxylanase by a TolB negative mutant of Gluconobacter oxydans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:989-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gluconobacter (G.) oxydans strains have great industrial potential due to their ability to incompletely oxidize a wide range of carbohydrates. But there is one major limitation preventing their full production potential. Hydrolysis of polysaccharides is not possible because extracellular hydrolases are not encoded in the genome of Gluconobacter species. Therefore, as a first step for the generation of exoenzyme producing G. oxydans, a leaky outer membrane mutant was created by deleting the TolB encoding gene gox1687. As a second step the xynA gene encoding an endo-1,4-β-xylanase from Bacillus subtilis was expressed in G. oxydans ΔtolB. More than 70 % of the total XynA activity (0.91 mmol h−1 l culture−1) was detected in the culture supernatant of the TolB mutant and only 10 % of endoxylanase activity was observed in the supernatant of G. oxydans xynA. These results showed that a G. oxydans strain with an increased substrate spectrum that is able to use the renewable polysaccharide xylan as a substrate to produce the prebiotic compounds xylobiose and xylooligosaccharides was generated. This is the first report about the combination of the process of incomplete oxidation with the degradation of renewable organic materials from plants for the production of value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kosciow
- grid.10388.32 0000000122403300 Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Claudia Domin
- grid.10388.32 0000000122403300 Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Paul Schweiger
- grid.260126.1 0000000107458995 Biology Department Missouri State University 901 S. National Ave 65897 Springfield MO USA
| | - Uwe Deppenmeier
- grid.10388.32 0000000122403300 Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
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Draft Genome Sequences of Gluconobacter cerinus CECT 9110 and Gluconobacter japonicus CECT 8443, Acetic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Grape Must. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/3/e00621-16. [PMID: 27365351 PMCID: PMC4929514 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00621-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We report here the draft genome sequences of Gluconobacter cerinus strain CECT9110 and Gluconobacter japonicus CECT8443, acetic acid bacteria isolated from grape must. Gluconobacter species are well known for their ability to oxidize sugar alcohols into the corresponding acids. Our objective was to select strains to oxidize effectively d-glucose.
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Draft Genome Sequence of Acetobacter malorum CECT 7742, a Strain Isolated from Strawberry Vinegar. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/3/e00620-16. [PMID: 27340078 PMCID: PMC4919417 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00620-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present article reports the draft genome sequence of the strain Acetobacter malorum CECT 7742, an acetic acid bacterium isolated from strawberry vinegar. This species is characterized by the production of d-gluconic acid from d-glucose, which it further metabolizes to keto-d-gluconic acids.
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Zahid N, Deppenmeier U. Role of mannitol dehydrogenases in osmoprotection of Gluconobacter oxydans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:9967-9978. [PMID: 27338577 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter (G.) oxydans is able to incompletely oxidize various sugars and polyols for the production of biotechnologically important compound. Recently, we have shown that the organism produces and accumulates mannitol as compatible solute under osmotic stress conditions. The present study describes the role of two cytoplasmic mannitol dehydrogenases for osmotolerance of G. oxydans. It was shown that Gox1432 is a NADP+-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.138), while Gox0849 uses NAD+ as cofactor (EC 1.1.1.67). The corresponding genes were deleted and the mutants were analyzed for growth under osmotic stress and non-stress conditions. A severe growth defect was detected for Δgox1432 when grown in high osmotic media, while the deletion of gox0849 had no effect when cells were exposed to 450 mM sucrose in the medium. Furthermore, the intracellular mannitol content was reduced in the mutant lacking the NADP+-dependent enzyme Gox1432 in comparison to the parental strain and the Δgox0849 mutant under stress conditions. In addition, transcriptional analysis revealed that Gox1432 is more important for mannitol production in G. oxydans than Gox0849 as the transcript abundance of gene gox1432 was 30-fold higher than of gox0849. In accordance, the activity of the NADH-dependent enzyme Gox0849 in the cell cytoplasm was 10-fold lower in comparison to the NADPH-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase Gox1432. Overexpression of gox1432 in the corresponding deletion mutant restored growth of the cells under osmotic stress, further strengthening the importance of the NADP+-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase for osmotolerance in G. oxydans. These findings provide detailed insights into the molecular mechanism of mannitol-mediated osmoprotection in G. oxydans and are helpful engineering strains with improved osmotolerance for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageena Zahid
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Deppenmeier
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Gimkiewicz C, Hunger S, Harnisch F. Evaluating the Feasibility of Microbial Electrosynthesis Based onGluconobacter oxydans. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Gimkiewicz
- UFZ-Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research; Department of Environmental Microbiology; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Steffi Hunger
- UFZ-Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research; Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Falk Harnisch
- UFZ-Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research; Department of Environmental Microbiology; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
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35
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Yuan J, Wu M, Lin J, Yang L. Enhancement of 5-keto-d-gluconate production by a recombinant Gluconobacter oxydans using a dissolved oxygen control strategy. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:10-6. [PMID: 26896860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The rapid and incomplete oxidation of sugars, alcohols, and polyols by the gram-negative bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans facilitates a wide variety of biological applications. For the conversion of glucose to 5-keto-d-gluconate (5-KGA), a promising precursor of the industrial substance L-(+)-tartaric acid, G. oxydans DSM2343 was genetically engineered to strain ZJU2, in which the GOX1231 and GOX1081 genes were knocked out in a markerless fashion. Then, a secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (GCD) from Xanthomonas campestris DSM3586 was heterologously expressed in G. oxydans ZJU2. The 5-KGA production and cell yield were increased by 10% and 24.5%, respectively. The specific activity of GCD towards gluconate was 1.75±0.02 U/mg protein, which was 7-fold higher than that of the sldAB in G. oxydans. Based on the analysis of kinetic parameters including specific cell growth rate (μ), specific glucose consumption rate (qs) and specific 5-KGA production rate (qp), a dissolved oxygen (DO) control strategy was proposed. Finally, batch fermentation was carried out in a 15-L bioreactor using an initial agitation speed of 600 rpm to obtain a high μ for cell growth. Subsequently, DO was continuously maintained above 20% to achieve a high qp to ensure a high accumulation of 5-KGA. Under these conditions, the maximum concentration of 5-KGA reached 117.75 g/L with a productivity of 2.10 g/(L·h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Mianbin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jianping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Lirong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Sainz F, Navarro D, Mateo E, Torija MJ, Mas A. Comparison of D-gluconic acid production in selected strains of acetic acid bacteria. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 222:40-7. [PMID: 26848948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative metabolism of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) can be exploited for the production of several compounds, including D-gluconic acid. The production of D-gluconic acid in fermented beverages could be useful for the development of new products without glucose. In the present study, we analyzed nineteen strains belonging to eight different species of AAB to select those that could produce D-gluconic acid from D-glucose without consuming D-fructose. We tested their performance in three different media and analyzed the changes in the levels of D-glucose, D-fructose, D-gluconic acid and the derived gluconates. D-Glucose and D-fructose consumption and D-gluconic acid production were heavily dependent on the strain and the media. The most suitable strains for our purpose were Gluconobacter japonicus CECT 8443 and Gluconobacter oxydans Po5. The strawberry isolate Acetobacter malorum (CECT 7749) also produced D-gluconic acid; however, it further oxidized D-gluconic acid to keto-D-gluconates.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sainz
- Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - D Navarro
- Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - E Mateo
- Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - M J Torija
- Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - A Mas
- Biotecnologia Enológica, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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37
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SdhE-dependent formation of a functional Acetobacter pasteurianus succinate dehydrogenase in Gluconobacter oxydans—a first step toward a complete tricarboxylic acid cycle. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:9147-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Shi YY, Li KF, Lin JP, Yang SL, Wei DZ. Engineered Expression Vectors Significantly Enhanced the Production of 2-Keto-D-gluconic Acid by Gluconobacter oxidans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5492-8. [PMID: 26009934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
2-Keto-D-gluconic acid (2KGA), a precursor of the important food antioxidant erythorbic acid, can be produced by Gluconobacter oxidans. To genetically engineer G. oxidans for improved 2KGA production, six new expression vectors with increased copy numbers based on pBBR1MCS-5 were constructed via rational mutagenesis. The utility of the mutant vectors was demonstrated by the increased ga2dh mRNA abundance, enzyme activity, and 2KGA production when the ga2dh gene was overexpressed using these vectors. Among the obtained constructs, G. oxidans/pBBR-3510-ga2dh displayed the highest oxidative activity toward gluconic acid (GA). In a batch biotransformation process, the G. oxidans/pBBR-3510-ga2dh strain exhibited 2KGA productivity (0.63 g/g CWW/h) higher than that obtained using strain G. oxidans/pBBR-ga2dh (0.40 g/g CWW/h). When sufficient oxygen was supplied during the biotransformation, up to 480 g/L GA was exhausted in 45 h by the G. oxidans/pBBR-3510-ga2dh strain and approximately 486 g/L 2KGA was produced, generating the productivity of 0.54 g/g CWW/h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ke-fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin-ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Sheng-li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dong-zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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39
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Yin B, Deng J, Lim L, Yuan YA, Wei D. Structural insights into stereospecific reduction of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl substrates by old yellow enzyme from Gluconobacter oxydans. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:410-21. [PMID: 25561169 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.993355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the crystal structure of old yellow enzyme (OYE) family protein Gox0502 (a.a 1-315) in free form at 3.3 Å. Detailed structural analysis revealed the key residues involved in stereospecific determination of Gox0502, such as Trp66 and Trp100. Structure-based computational analysis suggested the bulky side chains of these tryptophan residues may play important roles in product stereoselectivity. The introduction of Ile or Phe or Tyr mutation significantly reduced the product diastereoselectivity. We hypothesized that less bulky side chains at these critical residues could create additional free space to accommodate intermediates with different conformations. Notably, the introduction of Phe mutation at residue Trp100 increased catalytic activity compared to wild-type Gox0502 toward a set of substrates tested, which suggests that a less bulky Phe side chain at residue W100F may facilitate product release. Therefore, Gox0502 structure could provide useful information to generate desirable OYEs suitable for biotechnological applications in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yin
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
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Yildirim N, Demirkol DO, Timur S. Modified Gold Surfaces with Gold Nanoparticles and 6-(Ferrocenyl)hexanethiol: Design of a Mediated Microbial Sensor. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Kosciow K, Zahid N, Schweiger P, Deppenmeier U. Production of a periplasmic trehalase in Gluconobacter oxydans and growth on trehalose. J Biotechnol 2014; 189:27-35. [PMID: 25179874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter strains are specialized in the incomplete oxidation of monosaccharides. In contrast, growth and product formation from disaccharides is either very low or impossible. A pathway that allows growth on trehalose was rationally designed to broaden the substrate range of Gluconobacter oxydans. Expression vectors containing different signal sequences and the gene encoding alkaline phosphatase, phoA, from Escherichia coli were constructed. The signal peptide that exhibited the strongest periplasmic PhoA activity was used to generate a G. oxydans strain able to utilize the model disaccharide trehalose as a carbon and energy source by expressing the periplasmic trehalase TreA from E. coli. The strain had a doubling time of 3.7h and reached a final optical density of 1.7 when trehalose was used as a growth substrate. In comparison, the wild-type harboring the empty vector and the strain expressing treA without a signal sequence grew slowly to a final OD of only 0.15. The trehalose concentration in treA expressing cultures decreased continuously during the exponential growth phase indicating that the substrate was hydrolyzed to glucose by TreA. In contrast to the wild-type growing on glucose, the treA expression strain mainly formed acetate and 5-ketogluconate as end products rather than gluconate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kosciow
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, 168 Meckenheimer Allee, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - N Zahid
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, 168 Meckenheimer Allee, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - P Schweiger
- Missouri State University, Biology Department, 901 S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO 65897, United States
| | - U Deppenmeier
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, 168 Meckenheimer Allee, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Yin B, Cui D, Zhang L, Jiang S, Machida S, Yuan YA, Wei D. Structural insights into substrate and coenzyme preference by SDR family protein Gox2253 from Gluconobater oxydans. Proteins 2014; 82:2925-35. [PMID: 24825769 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gox2253 from Gluconobacter oxydans belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases family, and catalyzes the reduction of heptanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal with NADPH. To develop a robust working platform to engineer novel G. oxydans oxidoreductases with designed coenzyme preference, we adopted a structure based rational design strategy using computational predictions that considers the number of hydrogen bonds formed between enzyme and docked coenzyme. We report the crystal structure of Gox2253 at 2.6 Å resolution, ternary models of Gox2253 mutants in complex with NADH/short-chain aldehydes, and propose a structural mechanism of substrate selection. Molecular dynamics simulation shows that hydrogen bonds could form between 2'-hydroxyl group in the adenosine moiety of NADH and the side chain of Gox2253 mutant after arginine at position 42 is replaced with tyrosine or lysine. Consistent with the molecular dynamics prediction, Gox2253-R42Y/K mutants can use both NADH and NADPH as a coenzyme. Hence, the strategies here could provide a practical platform to engineer coenzyme selectivity for any given oxidoreductase and could serve as an additional consideration to engineer substrate-binding pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Demir B, Seleci M, Ag D, Cevik S, Yalcinkaya EE, Demirkol DO, Anik U, Timur S. Amine intercalated clay surfaces for microbial cell immobilization and biosensing applications. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Zou W, Liu L, Chen J. Structure, mechanism and regulation of an artificial microbial ecosystem for vitamin C production. Crit Rev Microbiol 2012; 39:247-55. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2012.706250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Indzhgiya EY, Ponamoreva ON, Alferov VA, Reshetilov AN, Gorton L. Interaction of Ferrocene Mediators with Gluconobacter oxydans Immobilized Whole Cells and Membrane Fractions in Oxidation of Ethanol. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhou J, Liu J, Chen K, Liu L, Chen J. Development of chemically defined media supporting high cell density growth of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus megaterium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4807-4814. [PMID: 21296571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 10/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The immediate precursor of L-ascorbic acid, or vitamin C, is 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG). This is commonly produced commercially by Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus megaterium, using corn steep liquor powder (CSLP) as an organic nitrogen source. In this study, the effects of the individual CSLP components (amino acids, vitamins, and metal elements) on 2-KLG production were evaluated, with the aim of developing a complete, chemically defined medium for 2-KLG production. Forty components of CSLP were analyzed, and key components were correlated to biomass, 2-KLG productivity, and consumption rate of L-sorbose. Glycine had the greatest effect, followed by serine, biotin, proline, nicotinic acid, and threonine. The combination of 0.28 g L(-1) serine, 0.36 g L(-1) glycine, 0.18 g L(-1) threonine, 0.28 g L(-1) proline, 0.19 g L(-1) nicotinic acid, and 0.62 mg L(-1)biotin in a chemically defined medium produced the highest maximum biomass concentration (4.2 × 10(9) cfu mL(-1)), 2-KLG concentration (58 g L(-1)), and yield (0.76 g g(-1)) after culturing for 28 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Tkac J, Svitel J, Vostiar I, Navratil M, Gemeiner P. Membrane-bound dehydrogenases from Gluconobacter sp.: Interfacial electrochemistry and direct bioelectrocatalysis. Bioelectrochemistry 2009; 76:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Odaci D, Timur S, Telefoncu A. A microbial biosensor based on bacterial cells immobilized on chitosan matrix. Bioelectrochemistry 2009; 75:77-82. [PMID: 19196553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A bio-electrochemical system consisting of Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2343 cells as a biological material and carbon nanotube (CNT)-free and CNT-modified chitosan as immobilizing matrices has been developed. The measurement was based on the respiratory activity of the cells estimated by the oxygen consumption at -0.7 V (versus the Ag|AgCl reference electrode) due to the metabolic activity in the presence of substrates. The system was calibrated and dependence of signal amplitude on the measuring conditions and cell amount was studied as well as the substrate specificity, pH, temperature and working potential. The biosensors (CNT-modified and unmodified) were demonstrated for the quantification of glucose in the range of 0.05-1.0 mM, at 30 degrees C and pH 7.0 with the 40 s of response time. The linear relationships between sensor response (y; microA/cm(2)) and substrate concentration (x; mM) were defined by the equations of y=1.160x+0.151 (R(2)=0.990) and y=1.261x+0.197 (R(2)=0.982), respectively. All other data were also given as comparison of two systems one with CNT-modified and CNT-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Odaci
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
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Technological and microbiological aspects of traditional balsamic vinegar and their influence on quality and sensorial properties. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2009; 58:137-82. [PMID: 19878859 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-4526(09)58004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The term "balsamic" is widespread and popular all over the world of vinegar and fancy foods; it is used generally to refer to vinegars and sauces with a sweet and sour taste. However, the original is the European Protected Denomination, registered as "Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale of Modena, or of Reggio Emilia" that should not be confused with the "Aceto Balsamico di Modena" very similar in the name, but completely different for technology, raw material, quality, and sensorial properties. Traditional balsamic vinegar is made by a peculiar procedure, that starts with a thermal concentration of freshly squeezed grape juice, followed by alcoholic and acetic fermentations and, finally, long aging in a wooden barrel set, by a procedure which requires a partial transfer of vinegar from cask to cask with the consequential blending of vinegars of different ages. In addition, water transfer occurs across the wood of the barrels, the result being an increase of solute concentration of the vinegar. The chemical and physical transformations of the vinegar are mainly directed by the low water activity of the vinegar. High-molecular polymeric compounds are the main and characteristic constituents of original and old traditional balsamic vinegar, and the major cause of its rheological and sensorial properties.
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De Muynck C, Pereira CSS, Naessens M, Parmentier S, Soetaert W, Vandamme EJ. The GenusGluconobacter Oxydans: Comprehensive Overview of Biochemistry and Biotechnological Applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008; 27:147-71. [PMID: 17849259 DOI: 10.1080/07388550701503584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The genus Gluconobacter comprises some of the most frequently used microorganisms when it comes to biotechnological applications. Not only has it been involved in "historical" production processes, such as vinegar production, but in the last decades many bioconversion routes for special and rare sugars involving Gluconobacter have been developed. Among the most recent are the biotransformations involved in the production of L-ribose and miglitol, both very promising pharmaceutical lead molecules. Most of these processes make use of Gluconobacter's membrane-bound polyol dehydrogenases. However, recently other enzymes have also caught the eye of industrial biotechnology. Among them are dextran dextrinase, capable of transglucosylating substrate molecules, and intracellular NAD-dependent polyol dehydrogenases, of interest for co-enzyme regeneration. As such, Gluconobacter is an important industrial microbial strain, but it also finds use in other fields of biotechnology, such as biosensor-technology. This review aims to give an overview of the myriad of applications for Gluconobacter, with a special focus on some recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra De Muynck
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
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