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Dattilo A, Ceccarini G, Scabia G, Magno S, Quintino L, Pelosini C, Salvetti G, Cusano R, Massidda M, Montanelli L, Gilio D, Gatti G, Giacomina A, Costa M, Santini F, Maffei M. Circulating Levels of MiRNAs From 320 Family in Subjects With Lipodystrophy: Disclosing Novel Signatures of the Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:866679. [PMID: 35733784 PMCID: PMC9207177 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.866679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophy (LD) indicates a group of rare disorders, with generalized or partial loss of white adipose tissue (WAT) often associated with metabolic derangements. Heterogeneity/wide spectrum of the disease and lack of biomarkers make diagnosis often difficult. MicroRNAs are important to maintain a correct WAT function and WAT is a source of circulating miRNAs (cmiRs). miRNAs from 320 family were previously detected in the WAT and variably associated to the metabolic syndrome. Our aim was then to investigate if LD can result in altered abundance of cmiRs-320. We collected samples from a cohort of LD subjects of various subtypes and from age matched controls. Use of quantitative PCR determined that cmiRs- 320a-3p, 320b, 320c, 320e are upregulated, while 320d is downregulated in LD. CmiRs-320 power as classifiers was more powerful in the most extreme and defined forms of LD, including the generalized and the Dunnigan subtypes. cmiR-320a-3p showed significant inverse relationships with plasma leptin (P < 0.0001), typically low in LD. The hepatic enzymes gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the marker of inflammation C-reactive protein (CRP) were inversely related to cmiR 320d (P < 0.05, for CRP and GGT; P < 0.01, for AST and ALT). Gene ontology analysis revealed cell-cell adhesion as a process regulated by 320 miRNAs targets, thus disclosing a novel route to investigate origin of WAT loss/dysfunction. In conclusion, cmiRs-320 constitute novel biomarkers of LD, abundance of miR320a-3p is inversely associated to indicators related to WAT function, while downregulation of cmiR-320d predicts an altered hepatic profile and higher inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Dattilo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ceccarini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaia Scabia
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Magno
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lara Quintino
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Pelosini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Salvetti
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Cusano
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia, Pula (CA), Italy
| | - Matteo Massidda
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia, Pula (CA), Italy
| | - Lucia Montanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Donatella Gilio
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gatti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Mario Costa
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Pisano Flash Radiotherapy, Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CPFR@CISUP), Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Margherita Maffei
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Margherita Maffei,
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Huang K, Shi X, Wang J, Yao Y, Peng Y, Chen X, Li X, Yang G. Upregulated microRNA-106a Promotes Porcine Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation by Targeting Different Genes. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100805. [PMID: 31615047 PMCID: PMC6826363 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is one of the main organs for the energy storage and supply of organisms. Adipose deposition and metabolism are controlled by a cascade of transcription factors and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. Previous studies have also shown that miR-106a plays a considerable role in the development of organisms. The regulatory mechanism of miR-106a on porcine preadipocytes is still not clear. In this study, preadipocytes were isolated from the neck subcutaneous deposits of 3–5-day old Chinese native Guanzhong black pigs using 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining and a CCK-8 assay to detect the number of proliferous cells and real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis to detect gene expression, as well as Oil Red O and BODIPY staining dye lipid droplets and flow cytometry (FCM) to detect cell cycles. We also used the double luciferase method to detect the relative luciferase activities. Upregulated miR-106a increased the number of proliferous cells and enhanced the expression of cell proliferation-related genes in porcine adipocytes. The double luciferase reporter vector confirmed that p21 was a target gene of miR-106a in the cell proliferation phase. miR-106a upregulation increased the number of lipid droplets and the expression of lipogenic genes and directly targeted BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) in the process of differentiation. Our results indicated that miR-106a promotes porcine preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation by targeting p21 and BAMBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuilong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xin'e Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Ying Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Ying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaochang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China.
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Godfrey C, Bremer A, Alba D, Apovian C, Koethe JR, Koliwad S, Lewis D, Lo J, McComsey GA, Eckard A, Srinivasa S, Trevillyan J, Palmer C, Grinspoon S. Obesity and Fat Metabolism in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals: Immunopathogenic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications. J Infect Dis 2019; 220:420-431. [PMID: 30893434 PMCID: PMC6941618 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic complications relating to complex effects of viral and immune-mediated mechanisms are now a focus of clinical care among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), and obesity is emerging as a critical problem. To address knowledge gaps, the US National Institutes of Health sponsored a symposium in May 2018 entitled "Obesity and Fat Metabolism in HIV-infected Individuals." Mechanisms relating to adipose dysfunction and fibrosis, immune function, inflammation, and gastrointestinal integrity were highlighted as contributors to obesity among PLHIV. Fibrotic subcutaneous adipose tissue is metabolically dysfunctional and loses its capacity to expand, leading to fat redistribution, including visceral obesity and ectopic fat accumulation, promoting insulin resistance. Viral proteins, including viral protein R and negative regulatory factor, have effects on adipogenic pathways and cellular metabolism in resident macrophages and T cells. HIV also affects immune cell trafficking into the adipose compartments, with effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and ectopic fat accumulation. Key cellular metabolic functions are likely to be affected in PLHIV by gut-derived cytokines and altered microbiota. There are limited strategies to reduce obesity specifically in PLHIV. Enhancing our understanding of critical pathogenic mechanisms will enable the development of novel therapeutics that may normalize adipose tissue function and distribution, reduce inflammation, and improve insulin sensitivity in PLHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Godfrey
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew Bremer
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Diana Alba
- University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
| | - Caroline Apovian
- Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts
| | | | - Suneil Koliwad
- University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
| | - Dorothy Lewis
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Janet Lo
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Grace A McComsey
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve, Ohio
| | | | - Suman Srinivasa
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | | | - Steven Grinspoon
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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Bresciani E, Saletti C, Squillace N, Rizzi L, Molteni L, Meanti R, Omeljaniuk RJ, Biagini G, Gori A, Locatelli V, Torsello A. miRNA-218 Targets Lipin-1 and Glucose Transporter Type 4 Genes in 3T3-L1 Cells Treated With Lopinavir/Ritonavir. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:461. [PMID: 31133852 PMCID: PMC6524698 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic complications represent a common and serious problem associated with HIV infection and combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART). Alterations in body fat distribution are associated with significantly increased risks of (i) metabolic derangements, (ii) cardiovascular pathologies, and (iii) insulin resistance. A case control study showed that in subcutaneous adipose tissue from HIV-infected patients on cART presenting lipodystrophy (LS), the levels of miRNA-218 were upregulated and those of lipin-1, a putative target gene of miRNA-218, were downregulated compared with HIV-negative subjects. Lipin-1 is one of the most important factors linked to development of LS. Lipin-1, by controlling PPARγ2, regulates the expression of specific genes, such as that of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), required for maturation and maintenance of adipocytes. Objectives: To determine whether lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) can modulate lipogenesis in adipocytes affecting miRNA-218 and lipin-1 mRNA expression, and to investigate the functional link between miRNA-218 and GLUT-4 mRNA expression. Methods: Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were treated with various combinations of LPV/RTV, followed by measurements of cell viability, lipid accumulation, lipin-1 and GLUT-4 mRNA and miRNA-218 levels. Transfection of anti-miR-218 or a miRNA-218 mimic were used to investigate the role of miRNA-218 in lipogenesis. Results: LPV/RTV treatment of 3T3-L1 cells did not affect the viability of differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, but caused (i) a significant decrease of lipid accumulation, (ii) an overexpression of miRNA-218, and (iii) a reduction of lipin-1 and GLUT-4 mRNA levels. The anti-miR-218 transfection of 3T3-L1 cells significantly ameliorated the adipogenic dysfunction and restored mRNA levels of lipin-1 and GLUT-4 consequent to LPV/RTV treatment. By contrast, 3T3-L1 cells transfected with a specific miRNA-218 mimic showed (i) an overexpression of miRNA-218, (ii) a reduced cellular lipid fraction, and (iii) decreased levels of mRNA for lipin-1 and GLUT-4. Conclusion: 3T3-L1 cells, treated with LPV/RTV, show altered lipid content due to increased miRNA-218 levels, which affects lipin-1 mRNA. Moreover, increased miRNA-218 levels were inversely correlated with changes in GLUT-4 expression, which suggests a role for miRNA-218 in mediating the insulin resistance consequent to cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bresciani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Cecilia Saletti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Nicola Squillace
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Rizzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Molteni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Ramona Meanti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Biagini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Gori
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Locatelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Antonio Torsello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Ludwig RG, Rocha AL, Mori MA. Circulating molecules that control brown/beige adipocyte differentiation and thermogenic capacity. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:701-710. [PMID: 29384242 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity may be counteracted by increased energy expenditure. Circulating molecules act in the adipose tissue to influence brown and beige adipocyte function, differentiation, and thermogenic capacity, which in turn affects substrate utilization and impacts energy balance at the organismal level. These molecules have been envisioned as biomarkers and potential candidates for pharmacological interventions to treat obesity. Here we summarize studies that demonstrate the roles of endogenous circulating molecules of a wide variety in regulating the thermogenic potential of brown and beige fat cells. This review describes the state-of-the-art in the field and helps researchers to prioritize their targets in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa G Ludwig
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andréa L Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Reid DW, Xu D, Chen P, Yang H, Sun L. Integrative analyses of translatome and transcriptome reveal important translational controls in brown and white adipose regulated by microRNAs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5681. [PMID: 28720757 PMCID: PMC5515893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity and diabetes has markedly spurred the research interest in adipocyte biology. Brown adipocytes are specialized for energy expenditure and of therapeutic interest for treatment of metabolic diseases, but how brown adipocytes are distinguished from white adipocytes at the level of translational regulation remains poorly understood. To systemically determine the translational control of gene expression in adipose tissue, we performed ribosome profiling and RNA-seq in parallel to depict the translatome and transcriptome changes during primary brown and white adipogenesis, and between brown and white adipose tissue. The most prominent layer of translational regulation was the increased translation efficiency of genes encoding mitochondria components in brown adipocytes relative to white. Systemic analysis of the regulatory interactions between microRNAs and their targets revealed that microRNAs were more active in repressing targets’ mRNA abundance and translation in brown fat. Together, our data comprehensively delineated a landscape integrating transcriptome and translatome in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Reid
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Dan Xu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Division of Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Lei Sun
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
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