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Huang M, Zheng H, Tan W, Xiang C, Fang N, Xie W, Wen L, Liu D, Chen R. Molecular Signatures in Swine Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to African Swine Fever Virus Antigens p30/p54/CD2v Expressed Using a Highly Efficient Semliki Forest Virus Replicon System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119316. [PMID: 37298266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a devastating viral hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs and Eurasian wild boars, posing a foremost threat to the swine industry and pig farming. The development of an effective vaccine is urgently needed, but has been hampered by the lack of an in-depth, mechanistic understanding of the host immune response to ASFV infection and the induction of protective immunity. In this study, we report that immunization of pigs with Semliki Forest Virus (SFV) replicon-based vaccine candidates expressing ASFV p30, p54, and CD2v, as well as their ubiquitin-fused derivatives, elicits T cell differentiation and expansion, promoting specific T cell and humoral immunity. Due to significant variations in the individual non-inbred pigs in response to the vaccination, a personalized analysis was conducted. Using integrated analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Venn, KEGG and WGCNA, Toll-like receptor, C-type lectin receptor, IL17 receptor, NOD-like receptor and nucleic acid sensor-mediated signaling pathways were demonstrated to be positively correlated to the antigen-stimulated antibody production and inversely correlated to the IFN-γ secreting cell counts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). An up-regulation of CIQA, CIQB, CIQC, C4BPA, SOSC3, S100A8 and S100A9, and down-regulation of CTLA4, CXCL2, CXCL8, FOS, RGS1, EGR1 and SNAI1 are general in the innate immune response post-the second boost. This study reveals that pattern recognition receptors TLR4, DHX58/DDX58 and ZBP1, and chemokines CXCL2, CXCL8 and CXCL10 may play important roles in regulating this vaccination-stimulated adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Hanghui Zheng
- Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Weixiong Tan
- Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Chengwei Xiang
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526000, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Niran Fang
- Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Wenting Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lianghai Wen
- Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Dingxiang Liu
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526000, China
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ruiai Chen
- Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526000, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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2
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Hadiloo K, Tahmasebi S, Esmaeilzadeh A. CAR-NKT cell therapy: a new promising paradigm of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:86. [PMID: 37158883 PMCID: PMC10165596 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, cancer treatment is one of the fundamental problems facing clinicians and researchers worldwide. Efforts to find an excellent way to treat this illness continue, and new therapeutic strategies are developed quickly. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a practical approach that has been emerged to improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients. In the ACT, one of the best ways to arm the immune cells against tumors is by employing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) via genetic engineering. CAR equips cells to target specific antigens on tumor cells and selectively eradicate them. Researchers have achieved promising preclinical and clinical outcomes with different cells by using CARs. One of the potent immune cells that seems to be a good candidate for CAR-immune cell therapy is the Natural Killer-T (NKT) cell. NKT cells have multiple features that make them potent cells against tumors and would be a powerful replacement for T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. NKT cells are cytotoxic immune cells with various capabilities and no notable side effects on normal cells. The current study aimed to comprehensively provide the latest advances in CAR-NKT cell therapy for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Hadiloo
- Student Research Committee, Department of immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Student Research Committee, Department of immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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3
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Palakurthi B, Fross SR, Guldner IH, Aleksandrovic E, Liu X, Martino AK, Wang Q, Neff RA, Golomb SM, Lewis C, Peng Y, Howe EN, Zhang S. Targeting CXCL16 and STAT1 augments immune checkpoint blockade therapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2109. [PMID: 37055410 PMCID: PMC10101955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy prior to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment appears to improve ICB efficacy but resistance to ICB remains a clinical challenge and is attributed to highly plastic myeloid cells associating with the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Here we show by CITE-seq single-cell transcriptomic and trajectory analyses that neoadjuvant low-dose metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) leads to a characteristic co-evolution of divergent myeloid cell subsets in female triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Specifically, we identify that the proportion of CXCL16 + myeloid cells increase and a high STAT1 regulon activity distinguishes Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressing immature myeloid cells. Chemical inhibition of STAT1 signaling in MCT-primed breast cancer sensitizes TNBC to ICB treatment, which underscores the STAT1's role in modulating TIME. In summary, we leverage single-cell analyses to dissect the cellular dynamics in the tumor microenvironment (TME) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and provide a pre-clinical rationale for modulating STAT1 in combination with anti-PD-1 for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Palakurthi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Shaneann R Fross
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Ian H Guldner
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Emilija Aleksandrovic
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Xiyu Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Anna K Martino
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Ryan A Neff
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Samantha M Golomb
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Cheryl Lewis
- Department of Pathology and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Pathology and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Erin N Howe
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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4
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Deng X, Yang S, Li Q, Xie Z, Hong L, Cao M, Yi G, Fu M. Single-cell transcriptomics-based multidisease analysis revealing the molecular dynamics of retinal neurovascular units under inflammatory and hypoxic conditions. Exp Neurol 2023; 362:114345. [PMID: 36736650 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is paramount to maintaining the homeostasis of the retina and determines the progression of various diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Although some studies have investigated these diseases, a combined analysis of disease-wide etiology in the NUV at the single-cell level is lacking. Herein, we constructed an atlas of the NVU under inflammatory and hypoxic conditions by integrating single-cell transcriptome data from retinas from wild-type, AireKO, and NdpKO mice. Based on the heterogeneity of the NVU structure and transcriptome diversity under normal and pathological conditions, we discovered two subpopulations of Müller cells: Aqp4hi and Aqp4lo cells. Specifically, Aqp4lo cells expresses phototransduction genes and represent a special type of Müller cell distinct from Aqp4hi cells, classical Müller cells. AireKO mice exhibit experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) with severe damage to the NVU structure, mainly degeneration of Aqp4hi cells. NdpKO mice exhibited familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), with damage to the endothelial barrier, endothelial cell tight junction destruction and basement membrane thickening, accompanied by the reactive secretion of proangiogenic factors by Aqp4hi cells. In both EAU and FEVR, Aqp4hi cells are a key factor leading to NVU damage, and the mechanism by which they are generated is regulated by different transcription factors. By studying the pattern of immune cell infiltration in AireKO mice, we constructed a regulatory loop of "inflammatory cells/NVU - monocytes - APCs - Ifng+ T cells", providing a new target for blocking the inflammatory cascade. Our elucidation of the cell-specific molecular changes, cell-cell interactions and transcriptional mechanisms of the retinal NVU provides new insights to support the development of multipurpose drugs to block or even reverse NVU damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhang
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiongyi Yang
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Deng
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qiumo Li
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhuohang Xie
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Libing Hong
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mingzhe Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Guoguo Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 26, Erheng Road, Yuancun, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Min Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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5
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Lacotte S, Slits F, Moeckli B, Peloso A, Koenig S, Tihy M, El Hajji S, Gex Q, Rubbia-Brandt L, Toso C. Anti-CD122 antibody restores specific CD8 + T cell response in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and prevents hepatocellular carcinoma growth. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2184991. [PMID: 36891258 PMCID: PMC9988345 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2184991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although immunotherapy is used as first-line treatment for advanced HCC, the impact of NASH on anticancer immunity is only partially characterized. We assessed the tumor-specific T cell immune response in the context of NASH. In a mouse model of NASH, we observed an expansion of the CD44+CXCR6+PD-1+CD8+ T cells in the liver. After intra-hepatic injection of RIL-175-LV-OVA-GFP HCC cells, NASH mice had a higher percentage of peripheral OVA-specific CD8+ T cells than control mice, but these cells did not prevent HCC growth. In the tumor, the expression of PD-1 on OVA-specific CD44+CXCR6+CD8+ cells was higher in NASH mice suggesting lowered immune activity. Treating mice with an anti-CD122 antibody, which reduced the number of CXCR6+PD-1+ cells, we restored OVA-specific CD8 activity, and reduced HCC growth compared to untreated NASH mice. Human dataset confirmed that NASH-affected livers, NASH tissues adjacent to HCC and HCC in patients with NASH exhibited gene expression patterns supporting mouse observations. Our findings demonstrate the immune system fails to prevent HCC growth in NASH, primarily linked to a higher representation of CD44+CXCR6+PD-1+CD8+ T cells. Treatment with an anti-CD122 antibody reduces the number of these cells and prevents HCC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Lacotte
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florence Slits
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Beat Moeckli
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Abdominal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Peloso
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Abdominal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Koenig
- Department of Physiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Tihy
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sofia El Hajji
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Gex
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Rubbia-Brandt
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Toso
- Transplantation and Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Abdominal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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6
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Xiong A, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Yang F. Integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal that GPNMB-high macrophages promote PN-MES transition and impede T cell activation in GBM. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104239. [PMID: 36054938 PMCID: PMC9437813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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7
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Relationship between Intestinal Microflora and Hepatocellular Cancer Based on Gut-Liver Axis Theory. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:6533628. [PMID: 35965618 PMCID: PMC9359835 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6533628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microflora is a bacterial group that lives in the human digestive tract and has a long-term interdependence with the host. Due to the close anatomical and functional relationship between the liver and the intestine, the intestinal flora affects liver metabolism via the intestinal-hepatic circulation, thereby playing an extremely important role in the pathological process of liver inflammation, chronic fibrosis, and liver cancer. In recent years, the rapid development of technologies in high-throughput sequencing and genomics has opened up possibilities for a broader and deeper understanding of the crosstalk between the intestinal flora and the occurrence and development of liver cancer. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota changes the body's metabolism, through the gut-liver axis, thereby affecting the occurrence and development of primary liver cancer. In addition, the potential regulation of intestinal microflora in the treatment of liver cancer is discussed.
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8
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Heng AHS, Han CW, Abbott C, McColl SR, Comerford I. Chemokine-Driven Migration of Pro-Inflammatory CD4 + T Cells in CNS Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:817473. [PMID: 35250997 PMCID: PMC8889115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory CD4+ T helper (Th) cells drive the pathogenesis of many autoimmune conditions. Recent advances have modified views of the phenotype of pro-inflammatory Th cells in autoimmunity, extending the breadth of known Th cell subsets that operate as drivers of these responses. Heterogeneity and plasticity within Th1 and Th17 cells, and the discovery of subsets of Th cells dedicated to production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as GM-CSF have led to these advances. Here, we review recent progress in this area and focus specifically upon evidence for chemokine receptors that drive recruitment of these various pro-inflammatory Th cell subsets to sites of autoimmune inflammation in the CNS. We discuss expression of specific chemokine receptors by subsets of pro-inflammatory Th cells and highlight which receptors may be tractable targets of therapeutic interventions to limit pathogenic Th cell recruitment in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H S Heng
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Caleb W Han
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Caitlin Abbott
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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9
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Zhang J, Li Z, Chandrasekar A, Li S, Ludolph A, Boeckers TM, Huber-Lang M, Roselli F, Olde Heuvel F. Fast Maturation of Splenic Dendritic Cells Upon TBI Is Associated With FLT3/FLT3L Signaling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:824459. [PMID: 35281004 PMCID: PMC8907149 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.824459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The consequences of systemic inflammation are a significant burden after traumatic brain injury (TBI), with almost all organs affected. This response consists of inflammation and concurrent immunosuppression after injury. One of the main immune regulatory organs, the spleen, is highly interactive with the brain. Along this brain–spleen axis, both nerve fibers as well as brain-derived circulating mediators have been shown to interact directly with splenic immune cells. One of the most significant comorbidities in TBI is acute ethanol intoxication (EI), with almost 40% of patients showing a positive blood alcohol level (BAL) upon injury. EI by itself has been shown to reduce proinflammatory mediators dose-dependently and enhance anti-inflammatory mediators in the spleen. However, how the splenic immune modulatory effect reacts to EI in TBI remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated early splenic immune responses after TBI with and without EI, using gene expression screening of cytokines and chemokines and fluorescence staining of thin spleen sections to investigate cellular mechanisms in immune cells. We found a strong FLT3/FLT3L induction 3 h after TBI, which was enhanced by EI. The FLT3L induction resulted in phosphorylation of FLT3 in CD11c+ dendritic cells, which enhanced protein synthesis, maturation process, and the immunity of dendritic cells, shown by pS6, peIF2A, MHC-II, LAMP1, and CD68 by immunostaining and TNF-α expression by in-situ hybridization. In conclusion, these data indicate that TBI induces a fast maturation and immunity of dendritic cells which is associated with FLT3/FLT3L signaling and which is enhanced by EI prior to TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Zhenghui Li
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Akila Chandrasekar
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Albert Ludolph
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Maria Boeckers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Francesco Roselli
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Olde Heuvel
- Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research (ZBMF), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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10
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Chen Y, Huang H, Li Y, Xiao W, Liu Y, Chen R, Zhu Y, Zheng X, Wu C, Chen L. TIGIT Blockade Exerts Synergistic Effects on Microwave Ablation Against Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:832230. [PMID: 35320940 PMCID: PMC8935077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Combination immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown great success in the treatment of many types of cancers and has become the mainstream in the comprehensive treatment of cancers. Ablation in combination with immunotherapy has achieved tremendous efficacy in some preclinical and clinical studies. To date, our team proved that ablation in combination with ICIs was a promising antitumor therapeutic strategy for the liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, we found that the expression of T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) expression was up-regulated after microwave ablation (MWA), indicating that TIGIT was involved in immunosuppression, and the combination of MWA and TIGIT blockade represented a potential clinical treatment strategy. Methods In the present study, we examined the expression of TIGIT using a preclinical mouse model treated with MWA. Moreover, we evaluated the antitumor functions of MWA alone or in combination with TIGIT blockade by monitoring tumor growth and survival of the mice. Besides, we also detected the numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and effector molecules of CD8+ T cells using flow cytometry. Finally, we analyzed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from the MWA and MWA plus anti-TIGIT groups. Results The expression of TIGIT in various immune cells was up-regulated after MWA, and the addition of TIGIT blockade to MWA prolonged survival and delayed tumor growth in the MC38 tumor model. Taken together, our findings showed that TIGIT blockade in combination with MWA significantly promoted the expansion and functions of CD8+ TILs and reshaped myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) using flow cytometry and scRNA-seq analysis. Conclusions TIGIT blockade in combination with MWA was a novel treatment strategy for the liver metastasis of CRC, and this combination therapy could reprogram the TME toward an antitumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenlu Xiao
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yingting Liu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Rongzhang Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yulan Zhu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Zheng, ; Changping Wu, ; Lujun Chen,
| | - Changping Wu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Zheng, ; Changping Wu, ; Lujun Chen,
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Zheng, ; Changping Wu, ; Lujun Chen,
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Nelson A, Lukacs JD, Johnston B. The Current Landscape of NKT Cell Immunotherapy and the Hills Ahead. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205174. [PMID: 34680322 PMCID: PMC8533824 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a subset of lipid-reactive T cells that enhance anti-tumor immunity. While preclinical studies have shown NKT cell immunotherapy to be safe and effective, clinical studies lack predictable therapeutic efficacy and no approved treatments exist. In this review, we outline the current strategies, challenges, and outlook for NKT cell immunotherapy. Abstract NKT cells are a specialized subset of lipid-reactive T lymphocytes that play direct and indirect roles in immunosurveillance and anti-tumor immunity. Preclinical studies have shown that NKT cell activation via delivery of exogenous glycolipids elicits a significant anti-tumor immune response. Furthermore, infiltration of NKT cells is associated with a good prognosis in several cancers. In this review, we aim to summarize the role of NKT cells in cancer as well as the current strategies and status of NKT cell immunotherapy. This review also examines challenges and future directions for improving the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (A.N.); (J.D.L.)
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jordan D. Lukacs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (A.N.); (J.D.L.)
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (A.N.); (J.D.L.)
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Pedrero-Prieto CM, Frontiñán-Rubio J, Alcaín FJ, Durán-Prado M, Peinado JR, Rabanal-Ruiz Y. Biological Significance of the Protein Changes Occurring in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: Getting Clues from Proteomic Studies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1655. [PMID: 34573996 PMCID: PMC8467255 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fact that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) deeply irrigates the brain together with the relative simplicity of sample extraction from patients make this biological fluid the best target for biomarker discovery in neurodegenerative diseases. During the last decade, biomarker discovery has been especially fruitful for the identification new proteins that appear in the CSF of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients together with amyloid-β (Aβ42), total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau). Thus, several proteins have been already stablished as important biomarkers, due to an increase (i.e., CHI3L1) or a decrease (i.e., VGF) in AD patients' CSF. Notwithstanding this, only a deep analysis of a database generated with all the changes observed in CSF across multiple proteomic studies, and especially those using state-of-the-art methodologies, may expose those components or metabolic pathways disrupted at different levels in AD. Deep comparative analysis of all the up- and down-regulated proteins across these studies revealed that 66% of the most consistent protein changes in CSF correspond to intracellular proteins. Interestingly, processes such as those associated to glucose metabolism or RXR signaling appeared inversely represented in CSF from AD patients in a significant manner. Herein, we discuss whether certain cellular processes constitute accurate indicators of AD progression by examining CSF. Furthermore, we uncover new CSF AD markers, such as ITAM, PTPRZ or CXL16, identified by this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Pedrero-Prieto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Ciudad Real Medical School, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Frontiñán-Rubio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Francisco J. Alcaín
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Mario Durán-Prado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Juan R. Peinado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
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13
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The Role of CXCL16 in the Pathogenesis of Cancer and Other Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073490. [PMID: 33800554 PMCID: PMC8036711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL16 is a chemotactic cytokine belonging to the α-chemokine subfamily. It plays a significant role in the progression of cancer, as well as the course of atherosclerosis, renal fibrosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Since there has been no review paper discussing the importance of this chemokine in various diseases, we have collected all available knowledge about CXCL16 in this review. In the first part of the paper, we discuss background information about CXCL16 and its receptor, CXCR6. Next, we focus on the importance of CXCL16 in a variety of diseases, with an emphasis on cancer. We discuss the role of CXCL16 in tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Next, we describe the role of CXCL16 in the tumor microenvironment, including involvement in angiogenesis, and its significance in tumor-associated cells (cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF), microglia, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), myeloid suppressor cells (MDSC), and regulatory T cells (Treg)). Finally, we focus on the antitumor properties of CXCL16, which are mainly caused by natural killer T (NKT) cells. At the end of the article, we summarize the importance of CXCL16 in cancer therapy.
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14
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Gebremeskel S, Nelson A, Walker B, Oliphant T, Lobert L, Mahoney D, Johnston B. Natural killer T cell immunotherapy combined with oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus or reovirus treatments differentially increases survival in mouse models of ovarian and breast cancer metastasis. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002096. [PMID: 33722907 PMCID: PMC7970295 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncolytic viruses reduce tumor burden in animal models and have generated promising results in clinical trials. However, it is likely that oncolytic viruses will be more effective when used in combination with other therapies. Current therapeutic approaches, including chemotherapeutics, come with dose-limiting toxicities. Another option is to combine oncolytic viruses with immunotherapeutic approaches. METHODS Using experimental models of metastatic 4T1 breast cancer and ID8 ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis, we examined natural killer T (NKT) cell-based immunotherapy in combination with recombinant oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or reovirus. 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells or ID8 ovarian cancer cells were injected into syngeneic mice. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with VSV or reovirus followed by activation of NKT cells via the intravenous administration of autologous dendritic cells loaded with the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide. The effects of VSV and reovirus on immunogenic cell death (ICD), cell viability and immunogenicity were tested in vitro. RESULTS VSV or reovirus treatments followed by NKT cell activation mediated greater survival in the ID8 model than individual therapies. The regimen was less effective when the treatment order was reversed, delivering virus treatments after NKT cell activation. In the 4T1 model, VSV combined with NKT cell activation increased overall survival and decreased metastatic burden better than individual treatments. In contrast, reovirus was not effective on its own or in combination with NKT cell activation. In vitro, VSV killed a panel of tumor lines better than reovirus. VSV infection also elicited greater increases in mRNA transcripts for proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and antigen presentation machinery compared with reovirus. Oncolytic VSV also induced the key hallmarks of ICD (calreticulin mobilization, plus release of ATP and HMGB1), while reovirus only mobilized calreticulin. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results demonstrate that oncolytic VSV and NKT cell immunotherapy can be effectively combined to decrease tumor burden in models of metastatic breast and ovarian cancers. Oncolytic VSV and reovirus induced differential responses in our models which may relate to differences in virus activity or tumor susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gebremeskel
- Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Adam Nelson
- Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brynn Walker
- Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tora Oliphant
- Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lynnea Lobert
- Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Douglas Mahoney
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Abstract
The mechanistic (or mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR) is considered as a critical regulatory enzyme involved in essential signaling pathways affecting cell growth, cell proliferation, protein translation, regulation of cellular metabolism, and cytoskeletal structure. Also, mTOR signaling has crucial roles in cell homeostasis via processes such as autophagy. Autophagy prevents many pathogen infections and is involved on immunosurveillance and pathogenesis. Immune responses and autophagy are therefore key host responses and both are linked by complex mTOR regulatory mechanisms. In recent years, the mTOR pathway has been highlighted in different diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and infectious and parasitic diseases including leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis, and malaria. The current review underlines the implications of mTOR signals and intricate networks on pathogen infections and the modulation of this master regulator by parasites. Parasitic infections are able to induce dynamic metabolic reprogramming leading to mTOR alterations in spite of many other ways impacting this regulatory network. Accordingly, the identification of parasite effects and interactions over such a complex modulation might reveal novel information regarding the biology of the abovementioned parasites and might allow the development of therapeutic strategies against parasitic diseases. In this sense, the effects of inhibiting the mTOR pathways are also considered in this context in the light of their potential for the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases.
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Banu N, Panikar SS, Leal LR, Leal AR. Protective role of ACE2 and its downregulation in SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Therapeutic implications. Life Sci 2020; 256:117905. [PMID: 32504757 PMCID: PMC7832382 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In light of the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the international scientific community has joined forces to develop effective treatment strategies. The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) 2, is an essential receptor for cell fusion and engulfs the SARS coronavirus infections. ACE2 plays an important physiological role, practically in all the organs and systems. Also, ACE2 exerts protective functions in various models of pathologies with acute and chronic inflammation. While ACE2 downregulation by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein leads to an overactivation of Angiotensin (Ang) II/AT1R axis and the deleterious effects of Ang II may explain the multiorgan dysfunction seen in patients. Specifically, the role of Ang II leading to the appearance of Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) and the cytokine storm in COVID-19 is discussed below. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress in the strategies of treatments that mainly focus on reducing the Ang II-induced deleterious effects rather than attenuating the virus replication. Protective role of ACE2 in the organs and system Downregulation of ACE2 expression by SARS-CoV-2 leads to Ang II-induced organ damage. The appearance of MAS in COVID-19 patient Suggested treatment to diminish the deleterious effect of Ang II or appearance of MAS
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehla Banu
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sandeep Surendra Panikar
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 1-1010, Queretaro, Queretaro 76000, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth Riera Leal
- Hospital General Regional número 45, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Annie Riera Leal
- UC DAVIS Institute for Regenerative Cure, Department of Dermatology, University of California, 2921 Stockton Blvd, Rm 1630, 95817 Sacramento, CA, USA.
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Shi JW, Yang HL, Fan DX, Yang SL, Qiu XM, Wang Y, Lai ZZ, Ha SY, Ruan LY, Shen HH, Zhou WJ, Li MQ. The role of CXC chemokine ligand 16 in physiological and pathological pregnancies. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 83:e13223. [PMID: 31972050 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival and development of a semi-allogeneic fetus during pregnancy require the involvement of a series of cytokines and immune cells. Chemokines are a type of special cytokine those were originally described as having a role in leukocyte trafficking. CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 16 is a member of the chemokine family, and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 6 is its sole receptor. Emerging evidence has shown that CXCL16/CXCR6 is expressed at the maternal-fetal interface, by cell types that include trophoblast cells, decidual stroma cells, and decidual immune cells (eg, monocytes, γδT cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells). The regulation of expression of CXCL16 is quite complex, and this process involves a multitude of factors. CXCL16 exerts a critical role in the establishment of a successful pregnancy through a series of molecular interactions at the maternal-fetal interface. However, an abnormal expression of CXCL16 is associated with certain pathological states associated with pregnancy, including recurrent miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In the present review, the expression and pleiotropic roles of CXCL16 under conditions of physiological and pathological pregnancy are systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Shi
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng-Xuan Fan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Liang Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Min Qiu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Lai
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yao Ha
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Yu Ruan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Hui Shen
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhou
- Center of Reproductive Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Leishmania donovani Lipophosphoglycan Increases Macrophage-Dependent Chemotaxis of CXCR6-Expressing Cells via CXCL16 Induction. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00064-19. [PMID: 30804103 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00064-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL16 is a multifunctional chemokine that is highly expressed by macrophages and other immune cells in response to bacterial and viral pathogens; however, little is known regarding the role of CXCL16 during parasitic infections. The protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. Even though chemokine production is a host defense mechanism during infection, subversion of the host chemokine system constitutes a survival strategy adopted by the parasite. Here, we report that L. donovani promastigotes upregulate CXCL16 synthesis and secretion by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). In contrast to wild-type parasites, a strain deficient in the virulence factor lipophosphoglycan (LPG) failed to induce CXCL16 production. Consistent with this, cell treatment with purified L. donovani LPG augmented CXCL16 expression and secretion. Notably, the ability of BMDM to promote migration of cells expressing CXCR6, the cognate receptor of CXCL16, was augmented upon L. donovani infection in a CXCL16- and LPG-dependent manner. Mechanistically, CXCL16 induction by L. donovani required the activity of AKT and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) but was independent of Toll-like receptor signaling. Collectively, these data provide evidence that CXCL16 is part of the inflammatory response elicited by L. donovani LPG in vitro Further investigation using CXCL16 knockout mice is required to determine whether this chemokine contributes to the pathogenesis of visceral leishmaniasis and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Sebrell TA, Hashimi M, Sidar B, Wilkinson RA, Kirpotina L, Quinn MT, Malkoç Z, Taylor PJ, Wilking JN, Bimczok D. A Novel Gastric Spheroid Co-culture Model Reveals Chemokine-Dependent Recruitment of Human Dendritic Cells to the Gastric Epithelium. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:157-171.e3. [PMID: 30878664 PMCID: PMC6599165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastric dendritic cells (DCs) control the adaptive response to infection with Helicobacter pylori, a major risk factor for peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. We hypothesize that DC interactions with the gastric epithelium position gastric DCs for uptake of luminal H pylori and promote DC responses to epithelial-derived mediators. The aim of this study was to determine whether the gastric epithelium actively recruits DCs using a novel co-culture model of human gastric epithelial spheroids and monocyte-derived DCs. METHODS Spheroid cultures of primary gastric epithelial cells were infected with H pylori by microinjection. Co-cultures were established by adding human monocyte-derived DCs to the spheroid cultures and were analyzed for DC recruitment and antigen uptake by confocal microscopy. Protein array, gene expression polymerase chain reaction array, and chemotaxis assays were used to identify epithelial-derived chemotactic factors that attract DCs. Data from the co-culture model were confirmed using human gastric tissue samples. RESULTS Human monocyte-derived DCs co-cultured with gastric spheroids spontaneously migrated to the gastric epithelium, established tight interactions with the epithelial cells, and phagocytosed luminally applied H pylori. DC recruitment was increased upon H pylori infection of the spheroids and involved the activity of multiple chemokines including CXCL1, CXCL16, CXCL17, and CCL20. Enhanced chemokine expression and DC recruitment to the gastric epithelium also was observed in H pylori-infected human gastric tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the gastric epithelium actively recruits DCs for immunosurveillance and pathogen sampling through chemokine-dependent mechanisms, with increased recruitment upon active H pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Sebrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Marziah Hashimi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Barkan Sidar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Royce A Wilkinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Liliya Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Zeynep Malkoç
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | | | - James N Wilking
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
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20
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Significance of Frequencies, Compositions, and/or Antileukemic Activity of (DC-stimulated) Invariant NKT, NK and CIK Cells on the Outcome of Patients With AML, ALL and CLL. J Immunother 2018; 40:224-248. [PMID: 28557814 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT)/natural killer (NK)/cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are important for immune surveillance. (I) Novel combinations of antibody 6B11 (targeting the Vα24-Jα18-invariant T-cell receptor) with CD4/CD8/CD1d/Vα24 for iNKT subset detection and "T/NK cell-like"-iNKT subsets were defined. Compared with healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) (significantly) lower proportions of iNKT cells (6B11/6B11CD3/6B11CD161), NK cells (CD3CD56/CD3CD161), and CIK cells (CD3CD56/CD3CD161) were found in peripheral blood MNC from acute myeloid (AML)/acute myeloid, lymphoid (ALL)/chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) patients in acute disease stages. Subtyping of iNKT cells revealed (significantly) higher proportions of CD3 T cells and CD161 NK cells in AML/ALL/CLL expressing 6B11 compared with healthy MNC. Prognostic evaluations showed higher proportions of iNKT/NK/CIK cells in favorable AML subgroups (younger age, primary, no extramedullary disease, achievement/maintenance of complete remission) or adult ALL and CLL patients. (II) iNKT/NK/CIK cell frequencies increased after (vs. before) mixed lymphocyte cultures of T-cell-enriched immune reactive cells stimulated with MNC/whole blood with or without pretreatment with "cocktails" (dendritic cells generating methods/kits inducing blasts' conversion to leukemia-derived dendritic cells from AML patients). Individual "cocktails" leading to "highest" iNKT cell frequencies could be defined. Antileukemic blast lytic activity correlated significantly with frequencies of iNKT/NK/CIK cells. In summary healthy MNC show significantly more iNKT/NK/CIK cells compared with AML/ALL/CLL MNC, a shift in the iNKT cell composition is seen in healthy versus leukemic samples and iNKT/NK/CIK cell-proportions in AML/ALL/CLL MNC samples correlate with prognosis. "Cocktail"-treated AML blasts lead to higher iNKT/NK/CIK cell frequencies and samples with antileukemic activity show significantly higher frequencies of iNKT/NK/CIK cells. Proportions of iNKT/NK/CIK cells should regularly be evaluated in AML/ALL/CLL diagnosis panels for quantitative/prognostic estimation of individual patients' antileukemic potential and their role in dendritic cells/leukemia-derived dendritic cells triggered immune surveillance.
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Deng J, Wang ES, Jenkins RW, Li S, Dries R, Yates K, Chhabra S, Huang W, Liu H, Aref AR, Ivanova E, Paweletz CP, Bowden M, Zhou CW, Herter-Sprie GS, Sorrentino JA, Bisi JE, Lizotte PH, Merlino AA, Quinn MM, Bufe LE, Yang A, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Gao P, Chen T, Cavanaugh ME, Rode AJ, Haines E, Roberts PJ, Strum JC, Richards WG, Lorch JH, Parangi S, Gunda V, Boland GM, Bueno R, Palakurthi S, Freeman GJ, Ritz J, Haining WN, Sharpless NE, Arthanari H, Shapiro GI, Barbie DA, Gray NS, Wong KK. CDK4/6 Inhibition Augments Antitumor Immunity by Enhancing T-cell Activation. Cancer Discov 2017; 8:216-233. [PMID: 29101163 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 463] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade, exemplified by antibodies targeting the PD-1 receptor, can induce durable tumor regressions in some patients. To enhance the efficacy of existing immunotherapies, we screened for small molecules capable of increasing the activity of T cells suppressed by PD-1. Here, we show that short-term exposure to small-molecule inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) significantly enhances T-cell activation, contributing to antitumor effects in vivo, due in part to the derepression of NFAT family proteins and their target genes, critical regulators of T-cell function. Although CDK4/6 inhibitors decrease T-cell proliferation, they increase tumor infiltration and activation of effector T cells. Moreover, CDK4/6 inhibition augments the response to PD-1 blockade in a novel ex vivo organotypic tumor spheroid culture system and in multiple in vivo murine syngeneic models, thereby providing a rationale for combining CDK4/6 inhibitors and immunotherapies.Significance: Our results define previously unrecognized immunomodulatory functions of CDK4/6 and suggest that combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with immune checkpoint blockade may increase treatment efficacy in patients. Furthermore, our study highlights the critical importance of identifying complementary strategies to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for patients with cancer. Cancer Discov; 8(2); 216-33. ©2017 AACR.See related commentary by Balko and Sosman, p. 143See related article by Jenkins et al., p. 196This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehui Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Eric S Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Russell W Jenkins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ruben Dries
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathleen Yates
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandeep Chhabra
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amir R Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elena Ivanova
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cloud P Paweletz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michaela Bowden
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chensheng W Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Grit S Herter-Sprie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - John E Bisi
- G1 Therapeutics, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Patrick H Lizotte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ashley A Merlino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Max M Quinn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren E Bufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yanxi Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan E Cavanaugh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda J Rode
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric Haines
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jay C Strum
- G1 Therapeutics, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - William G Richards
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jochen H Lorch
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Viswanath Gunda
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Genevieve M Boland
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sangeetha Palakurthi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jerome Ritz
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - W Nicholas Haining
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Norman E Sharpless
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Haribabu Arthanari
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey I Shapiro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Gebremeskel S, Lobert L, Tanner K, Walker B, Oliphant T, Clarke LE, Dellaire G, Johnston B. Natural Killer T-cell Immunotherapy in Combination with Chemotherapy-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death Targets Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 5:1086-1097. [PMID: 29054890 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are glycolipid-reactive lymphocytes that promote cancer control. In previous studies, NKT-cell activation improved survival and antitumor immunity in a postsurgical mouse model of metastatic breast cancer. Herein, we investigated whether NKT-cell activation could be combined with chemotherapeutic agents to augment therapeutic outcomes. Gemcitabine and cyclophosphamide analogues enhanced the potential immunogenicity of 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells by increasing the expression of antigen-presenting molecules (MHC-I, MHC-II, and CD1d) and promoting exposure or release of immunogenic cell death markers (calreticulin, HMGB1, and ATP). In 4T1 primary tumor and postsurgical metastasis models, BALB/c mice were treated with cyclophosphamide or gemcitabine. NKT cells were then activated by transfer of dendritic cells loaded with the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). Chemotherapeutic treatments did not impact NKT-cell activation but enhanced recruitment into primary tumors. Cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine, or α-GalCer-loaded dendritic cell monotherapies decreased tumor growth in the primary tumor model and reduced metastatic burden and prolonged survival in the metastasis model. Combining chemotherapeutics with NKT-cell activation therapy significantly enhanced survival, with surviving mice exhibiting attenuated tumor growth following a second tumor challenge. The frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells was reduced by gemcitabine, cyclophosphamide, or α-GalCer-loaded dendritic cell treatments; cyclophosphamide also reduced the frequency of regulatory T cells. Individual treatments increased immune cell activation, cytokine polarization, and cytotoxic responses, although these readouts were not enhanced further by combining therapies. These findings demonstrate that NKT-cell activation therapy can be combined with gemcitabine or cyclophosphamide to target tumor burden and enhance protection against tumor recurrence. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(12); 1086-97. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gebremeskel
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lynnea Lobert
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn Tanner
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brynn Walker
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tora Oliphant
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Livia E Clarke
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. .,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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23
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Nair S, Dhodapkar MV. Natural Killer T Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1178. [PMID: 29018445 PMCID: PMC5614937 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are specialized CD1d-restricted T cells that recognize lipid antigens. Following stimulation, NKT cells lead to downstream activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. This has impelled the development of NKT cell-targeted immunotherapies for treating cancer. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the stimulatory and regulatory functions of NKT cells in tumor immunity as well as highlight preclinical and clinical studies based on NKT cells. Finally, we discuss future perspectives to better harness the potential of NKT cells for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiny Nair
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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24
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The Chemokine Receptor CXCR6 Evokes Reverse Signaling via the Transmembrane Chemokine CXCL16. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071468. [PMID: 28698473 PMCID: PMC5535959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse signaling is a signaling mechanism where transmembrane or membrane-bound ligands transduce signals and exert biological effects upon binding of their specific receptors, enabling a bidirectional signaling between ligand and receptor-expressing cells. In this study, we address the question of whether the transmembrane chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16, CXCL16 is able to transduce reverse signaling and investigate the biological consequences. For this, we used human glioblastoma cell lines and a melanoma cell line as in vitro models to show that stimulation with recombinant C-X-C chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) or CXCR6-containing membrane preparations induces intracellular (reverse) signaling. Specificity was verified by RNAi experiments and by transfection with expression vectors for the intact CXCL16 and an intracellularly-truncated form of CXCL16. We showed that reverse signaling via CXCL16 promotes migration in CXCL16-expressing melanoma and glioblastoma cells, but does not affect proliferation or protection from chemically-induced apoptosis. Additionally, fast migrating cells isolated from freshly surgically-resected gliomas show a differential expression pattern for CXCL16 in comparison to slowly-migrating cells, enabling a possible functional role of the reverse signaling of the CXCL16/CXCR6 pair in human brain tumor progression in vivo.
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25
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Shahjahan Miah SM, Erick TK, Emerich DF. Dendritic Cell-Based Cancer Therapies: Current Status and Future Directions. CELL THERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57153-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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