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Song P, Zhang W, Guo S, Wang G, Gao T, Li C, Liu L. Membranal Expression of Calreticulin Induced by Unfolded Protein Response in Melanocytes: A Mechanism Underlying Oxidative Stress-Induced Autoimmunity in Vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1622-1632.e5. [PMID: 38246583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT), a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, is reported to translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum to the membrane in melanocytes under oxidative stress. To investigate the potential role of CRT in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, we analyzed the correlation between CRT and ROS in serum and lesions of vitiligo, detected CRT and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) expression in vitiligo lesions, and studied the production of CRT and mediators of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and then tested the chemotactic migration of CD8+ T cells or CD11c+ CD86+ cells. Initially, we verified the overexpression of CRT in perilesional epidermis that was positively correlated with the disease severity of vitiligo. Furthermore, the PERK branch of UPR was confirmed to be responsible for the overexpression and membranal translocation of CRT in melanocytes under oxidative stress. We also found that oxidative stress-induced membranal translocation of CRT promoted the activation and migration of CD8+ T cells in vitiligo. In addition, dendritic cells from patients with vitiligo were also prone to maturation with the coincubation of melanocytes harboring membranal CRT. CRT could be induced on the membrane of melanocytes through UPR and might play a role in oxidative stress-triggered CD8+ T-cell response in vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weigang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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2
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Arimoto KI, Miyauchi S, Liu M, Zhang DE. Emerging role of immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1390263. [PMID: 38799433 PMCID: PMC11116615 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1390263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has emerged as a groundbreaking approach for effective cancer treatment. Despite its considerable potential, clinical studies have indicated that the current response rate to cancer immunotherapy is suboptimal, primarily attributed to low immunogenicity in certain types of malignant tumors. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) represents a form of regulated cell death (RCD) capable of enhancing tumor immunogenicity and activating tumor-specific innate and adaptive immune responses in immunocompetent hosts. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of ICD and its evolution is crucial for developing more effective cancer therapeutic strategies. This review focuses exclusively on both historical and recent discoveries related to ICD modes and their mechanistic insights, particularly within the context of cancer immunotherapy. Our recent findings are also highlighted, revealing a mode of ICD induction facilitated by atypical interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs), including polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2), during hyperactive type I IFN signaling. The review concludes by discussing the therapeutic potential of ICD, with special attention to its relevance in both preclinical and clinical settings within the field of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichiro Arimoto
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sayuri Miyauchi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mengdan Liu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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3
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Pan H, Liu P, Zhao L, Pan Y, Mao M, Kroemer G, Kepp O. Immunogenic cell stress and death in the treatment of cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:11-21. [PMID: 37977108 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The successful treatment of oncological malignancies which results in long-term disease control or the complete eradication of cancerous cells necessitates the onset of adaptive immune responses targeting tumor-specific antigens. Such desirable anticancer immunity can be triggered via the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) of cancer cells, thus converting malignant cells into an in situ vaccine that elicits T cell mediated adaptive immune responses and establishes durable immunological memory. The exploration of ICD for cancer treatment has been subject to extensive research. However, functional heterogeneity among ICD activating therapies in many cases requires specific co-medications to achieve full-blown efficacy. Here, we described the hallmarks of ICD and classify ICD activators into three distinct functional categories namely, according to their mode of action: (i) ICD inducers, which increase the immunogenicity of malignant cells, (ii) ICD sensitizers, which prime cellular circuitries for ICD induction by conventional cytotoxic agents, and (iii) ICD enhancers, which improve the perception of ICD signals by antigen presenting dendritic cells. Altogether, ICD induction, sensitization and enhancement offer the possibility to convert well-established conventional anticancer therapies into immunotherapeutic approaches that activate T cell-mediated anticancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Yuhong Pan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Misha Mao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France; Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France.
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4
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Kepp O, Kroemer G. Immunogenic Cell Stress and Death Sensitize Tumors to Immunotherapy. Cells 2023; 12:2843. [PMID: 38132163 PMCID: PMC10741481 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapy with cytotoxicants and that of targeted therapies with more sophisticated agents is limited due to the plasticity of malignant cells, which leads to the inevitable development of resistance [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75015 Paris, France
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5
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Liu P, Zhao L, Kroemer G, Kepp O. Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) in cancer immunity. Biol Direct 2023; 18:71. [PMID: 37907944 PMCID: PMC10619282 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, alone or in combination with conventional therapies, has revolutionized the landscape of antineoplastic treatments, with dendritic cells (DC) emerging as key orchestrators of anti-tumor immune responses. Among the distinct DC subsets, conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) have gained prominence due to their unique ability to cross-present antigens and activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This review summarizes the distinctive characteristics of cDC1, their pivotal role in anticancer immunity, and the potential applications of cDC1-based strategies in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800, Villejuif, France.
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800, Villejuif, France.
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6
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Tan L, Li W, Su Q. The comprehensive analysis of the prognostic and functional role of N-terminal methyltransferases 1 in pan-cancer. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16263. [PMID: 37901469 PMCID: PMC10607204 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background NTMT1, a transfer methylase that adds methyl groups to the N-terminus of proteins, has been identified as a critical player in tumor development and progression. However, its precise function in pan-cancer is still unclear. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of its role in cancer, we performed a thorough bioinformatics analysis. Methods To conduct our analysis, we gathered data from multiple sources, including RNA sequencing and clinical data from the TCGA database, protein expression data from the UALCAN and HPA databases, and single-cell expression data from the CancerSEA database. Additionally, we utilized TISIDB to investigate the interaction between the tumor and the immune system. To assess the impact of NTMT1 on the proliferation of SNU1076 cells, we performed a CCK8 assay. We also employed cellular immunofluorescence to detect DNA damage and used flow cytometry to measure tumor cell apoptosis. Results Our analysis revealed that NTMT1 was significantly overexpressed in various types of tumors and that high levels of NTMT1 were associated with poor survival outcomes. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that NTMT1 may contribute to tumor development and progression by regulating pathways involved in cell proliferation and immune response. In addition, we found that knockdown of NTMT1 expression led to reduced cell proliferation, increased DNA damage, and enhanced apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Conclusion High expression of NTMT1 in tumors is associated with poor prognosis. The underlying regulatory mechanism of NTMT1 in cancer is complex, and it may be involved in both the promotion of tumor development and the inhibition of the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifan Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, West China-Guang’an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Wensong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, West China-Guang’an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, The People’s Hospital of Dujiangyan, Dujiangyan, Sichuan, China
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7
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Amiri M, Molavi O, Sabetkam S, Jafari S, Montazersaheb S. Stimulators of immunogenic cell death for cancer therapy: focusing on natural compounds. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:200. [PMID: 37705051 PMCID: PMC10500939 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that the anticancer effect of the immune system can be activated by the immunogenic modulation of dying cancer cells. Cancer cell death, as a result of the activation of an immunomodulatory response, is called immunogenic cell death (ICD). This regulated cell death occurs because of increased immunogenicity of cancer cells undergoing ICD. ICD plays a crucial role in stimulating immune system activity in cancer therapy. ICD can therefore be an innovative route to improve anticancer immune responses associated with releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Several conventional and chemotherapeutics, as well as preclinically investigated compounds from natural sources, possess immunostimulatory properties by ICD induction. Natural compounds have gained much interest in cancer therapy owing to their low toxicity, low cost, and inhibiting cancer cells by interfering with different mechanisms, which are critical in cancer progression. Therefore, identifying natural compounds with ICD-inducing potency presents agents with promising potential in cancer immunotherapy. Naturally derived compounds are believed to act as immunoadjuvants because they elicit cancer stress responses and DAMPs. Acute exposure to DAMP molecules can activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs), which leads to downstream events by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer cells (NKs). Natural compounds as inducers of ICD may be an interesting approach to ICD induction; however, parameters that determine whether a compound can be used as an ICD inducer should be elucidated. Here, we aimed to discuss the impact of multiple ICD inducers, mainly focusing on natural agents, including plant-derived, marine molecules, and bacterial-based compounds, on the release of DAMP molecules and the activation of the corresponding signaling cascades triggering immune responses. In addition, the potential of synthetic agents for triggering ICD is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Amiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Sabetkam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, university of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Northern Cyprus
- Department of Anatomy and histopathology, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Jafari
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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Zhang M, Xiao J, Liu J, Bai X, Zeng X, Zhang Z, Liu F. Calreticulin as a marker and therapeutic target for cancer. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1393-1404. [PMID: 36335525 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is a multifunctional protein found within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In addition, CRT participates in the formation and development of tumors and promotes the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. When a malignant tumor occurs in the human body, cancer cells that die from immunogenic cell death (ICD) expose CRT on their surface, and CRT that is transferred to the cell surface represents an "eat me" signal, which promotes dendritic cells to phagocytose the tumor cells, thereby increasing the sensitivity of tumors to anticancer immunotherapy. Expression of CRT in tumor tissues is higher than in normal tissues and is associated with disease progression in many malignant tumors. Thus, the dysfunctional production of CRT can promote tumorigenesis because it disturbs not only the balance of healthy cells but also the body's immune surveillance. CRT may be a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for cancer, which is discussed extensively in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangrong Liu
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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9
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Eggleton P, De Alba J, Weinreich M, Calias P, Foulkes R, Corrigall VM. The therapeutic mavericks: Potent immunomodulating chaperones capable of treating human diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:322-339. [PMID: 36651415 PMCID: PMC9889696 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two major chaperones, calreticulin (CRT) and binding immunoglobulin protein (GRP78/BiP) dependent on their location, have immunoregulatory or anti-inflammatory functions respectively. CRT induces pro-inflammatory cytokines, dendritic cell (DC) maturation and activates cytotoxic T cells against tumours. By contrast, GRP78/BiP induces anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibits DC maturation and heightens T-regulatory cell responses. These latter functions rebalance immune homeostasis in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Both chaperones are therapeutically relevant agents acting primarily on monocytes/DCs. Endogenous exposure of CRT on cancer cell surfaces acts as an 'eat-me' signal and facilitates improved elimination of stressed and dying tumour cells by DCs. Therefore, therapeutics that promote endogenous CRT translocation to the cell surface can improve the removal of cancer cells. However, infused recombinant CRT dampens this cancer cell eradication by binding directly to the DCs. Low levels of endogenous BiP appear as a surface biomarker of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in some types of tumour cells, a reflection of cells undergoing proliferation, in which resulting hypoxia and nutrient deprivation perturb ER homeostasis triggering the unfolded protein response, leading to increased expression of GRP78/BiP and altered cellular location. Conversely, infusion of an analogue of GRP78/BiP (IRL201805) can lead to long-term immune resetting and restoration of immune homeostasis. The therapeutic potential of both chaperones relies on them being relocated from their intracellular ER environment. Ongoing clinical trials are employing therapeutic interventions to either enhance endogenous cell surface CRT or infuse IRL201805, thereby triggering several disease-relevant immune responses leading to a beneficial clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Eggleton
- Revolo BiotherapeuticsNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeterUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Valerie M. Corrigall
- Revolo BiotherapeuticsNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, New Hunts HouseGuy' HospitalLondonUK
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10
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Voronova V, Vislobokova A, Mutig K, Samsonov M, Peskov K, Sekacheva M, Materenchuk M, Bunyatyan N, Lebedeva S. Combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors with radiation therapy in cancer: A hammer breaking the wall of resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1035884. [PMID: 36544712 PMCID: PMC9760959 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1035884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immuno-oncology is an emerging field in the treatment of oncological diseases, that is based on recruitment of the host immune system to attack the tumor. Radiation exposure may help to unlock the potential of the immune activating agents by enhancing the antigen release and presentation, attraction of immunocompetent cells to the inflammation site, and eliminating the tumor cells by phagocytosis, thereby leading to an overall enhancement of the immune response. Numerous preclinical studies in mouse models of glioma, murine melanoma, extracranial cancer, or colorectal cancer have contributed to determination of the optimal radiotherapy fractionation, as well as the radio- and immunotherapy sequencing strategies for maximizing the antitumor activity of the treatment regimen. At the same time, efficacy of combined radio- and immunotherapy has been actively investigated in clinical trials of metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma. The present review summarizes the current advancements and challenges related to the aforementioned treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Voronova
- Department of Pharmacological Modeling, M&S Decisions LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Vislobokova
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kerim Mutig
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Samsonov
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Peskov
- Department of Pharmacological Modeling, M&S Decisions LLC, Moscow, Russia,MID3 Research Center, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,Artificial Intelligence Research Center, STU Sirius, Sochi, Russia
| | - Marina Sekacheva
- World-Class Research Center “Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Materenchuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya Bunyatyan
- Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Lebedeva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Svetlana Lebedeva,
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11
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Serrano Del Valle A, Beltrán-Visiedo M, de Poo-Rodríguez V, Jiménez-Alduán N, Azaceta G, Díez R, Martínez-Lázaro B, Izquierdo I, Palomera L, Naval J, Anel A, Marzo I. Ecto-calreticulin expression in multiple myeloma correlates with a failed anti-tumoral immune response and bad prognosis. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2141973. [PMID: 36338146 PMCID: PMC9629093 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2141973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been proposed to be a crucial process for antitumor immunosurveillance. ICD is characterized by the exposure and emission of Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMP), including calreticulin (CRT). A positive correlation between CRT exposure or total expression and improved anticancer immunosurveillance has been found in certain cancers, usually accompanied by favorable patient prognosis. In the present study, we sought to evaluate CRT levels in the plasma membrane of CD38+ bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) isolated from 71 patients with varying degrees of multiple myeloma (MM) disease and examine the possible relationship between basal CRT exposure and the bone marrow immune microenvironment, as well as its connection with different clinical markers. Data show that increased levels of cell surface-CRT were associated with more aggressive clinical features and with worse clinical prognosis in MM. High CRT expression in MM cells was associated with increased infiltration of NK cells, CD8+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC), indicative of an active anti-tumoral immune response, but also with a significantly higher presence of immunosuppressive Treg cells and increased expression of PD-L1 in myeloma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Beltrán-Visiedo
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Victoria de Poo-Rodríguez
- Hematology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,HCU-Lozano Blesa-Hematology Research Group, IIS Aragón, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nelia Jiménez-Alduán
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gemma Azaceta
- Hematology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,HCU-Lozano Blesa-Hematology Research Group, IIS Aragón, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosana Díez
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Lázaro
- Hematology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,HCU-Lozano Blesa-Hematology Research Group, IIS Aragón, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Izquierdo
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Palomera
- Hematology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,HCU-Lozano Blesa-Hematology Research Group, IIS Aragón, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Naval
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alberto Anel
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Marzo
- Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain,CONTACT Isabel Marzo Apoptosis, Immunity & Cancer Group, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50009Zaragoza, Spain
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12
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Becerra-Báez EI, Meza-Toledo SE, Muñoz-López P, Flores-Martínez LF, Fraga-Pérez K, Magaño-Bocanegra KJ, Juárez-Hernández U, Mateos-Chávez AA, Luria-Pérez R. Recombinant Attenuated Salmonella enterica as a Delivery System of Heterologous Molecules in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174224. [PMID: 36077761 PMCID: PMC9454573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is among the main causes of death of millions of individuals worldwide. Although survival has improved with conventional treatments, the appearance of resistant cancer cells leads to patient relapses. It is, therefore, necessary to find new antitumor therapies that can completely eradicate transformed cells. Bacteria-based tumor therapy represents a promising alternative treatment, particularly the use of live-attenuated Salmonella enterica, with its potential use as a delivery system of antitumor heterologous molecules such as tumor-associated antigens, cytotoxic molecules, immunomodulatory molecules, pro-apoptotic proteins, nucleic acids, and nanoparticles. In this review, we present the state of the art of current preclinical and clinical research on the use of Salmonella enterica as a potential therapeutic ally in the war against cancer. Abstract Over a century ago, bacterial extracts were found to be useful in cancer therapy, but this treatment modality was obviated for decades. Currently, in spite of the development and advances in chemotherapies and radiotherapy, failure of these conventional treatments still represents a major issue in the complete eradication of tumor cells and has led to renewed approaches with bacteria-based tumor therapy as an alternative treatment. In this context, live-attenuated bacteria, particularly Salmonella enterica, have demonstrated tumor selectivity, intrinsic oncolytic activity, and the ability to induce innate or specific antitumor immune responses. Moreover, Salmonella enterica also has strong potential as a delivery system of tumor-associated antigens, cytotoxic molecules, immunomodulatory molecules, pro-apoptotic proteins, and nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells, in a process known as bactofection and antitumor nanoparticles. In this review, we present the state of the art of current preclinical and clinical research on the use of Salmonella enterica as a potential therapeutic ally in the war against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elayne Irene Becerra-Báez
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Sergio Enrique Meza-Toledo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Paola Muñoz-López
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernando Flores-Martínez
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Karla Fraga-Pérez
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Kevin Jorge Magaño-Bocanegra
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Uriel Juárez-Hernández
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Armando Alfredo Mateos-Chávez
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosendo Luria-Pérez
- Unit of Investigative Research on Hemato-Oncological Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-52289917 (ext. 4401)
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13
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Aramini B, Masciale V, Samarelli AV, Dubini A, Gaudio M, Stella F, Morandi U, Dominici M, De Biasi S, Gibellini L, Cossarizza A. Phenotypic, functional, and metabolic heterogeneity of immune cells infiltrating non–small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:959114. [PMID: 36032082 PMCID: PMC9399732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.959114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cancer in the world, accounting for 1.2 million of new cases annually, being responsible for 17.8% of all cancer deaths. In particular, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is involved in approximately 85% of all lung cancers with a high lethality probably due to the asymptomatic evolution, leading patients to be diagnosed when the tumor has already spread to other organs. Despite the introduction of new therapies, which have improved the long-term survival of these patients, this disease is still not well cured and under controlled. Over the past two decades, single-cell technologies allowed to deeply profile both the phenotypic and metabolic aspects of the immune cells infiltrating the TME, thus fostering the identification of predictive biomarkers of prognosis and supporting the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss phenotypic and functional characteristics of the main subsets of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs) that contribute to promote or suppress NSCLC development and progression. We also address two emerging aspects of TIL and TIM biology, i.e., their metabolism, which affects their effector functions, proliferation, and differentiation, and their capacity to interact with cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni—L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Valentina Masciale
- Division of Oncology and Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Division of Oncology and Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dubini
- Division of Pathology, G.B. Morgagni—L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Michele Gaudio
- Division of Pathology, G.B. Morgagni—L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Franco Stella
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni—L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Uliano Morandi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology and Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Cossarizza,
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14
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Gao F, Mu X, Wu H, Chen L, Liu J, Zhao Y. Calreticulin (CALR)-induced activation of NF-ĸB signaling pathway boosts lung cancer cell proliferation. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6856-6865. [PMID: 35264066 PMCID: PMC8974040 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) is known to be aberrantly expressed in lung though the etiology underlying this phenomenon remains undetermined. The (Cancer Genome Atlas) databases were adopted to evaluate the expression status of CALR in pan-cancer, including Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accompanied with Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GETx) database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were plotted to assess its clinical significance in lung cancer. CCK8 and colony formation assays were conducted in addition to in vivo assays. The impact of CALR expression on NF-ĸB-mediated luciferase activity was detected by Luciferase assays. The regulatory relationship between CALR and NF-ĸB was further verified by NF-ĸB inhibitor treatment. LUAD and LUSC tissues reflected marked elevation in the mRNA levels of CALR. ROC analysis showed that CALR expression had a diagnostic value for LUAD or LUSC patients. High-CARL patients demonstrated inferior survival compared to that of Low-CALR patients. Functional assays revealed increased proliferative behaviors of A549 and H1299 cells associated with highly amplified while CALR gene inactivation could reduce the proliferation of both cells. CALR depletion decreased xenograft tumor growth. NF-ĸB transcriptional activity was found to be stimulated with CALR overexpression and reduced in CALR-deficient lung cancer cells, thereby clearly indicating CALR-dependent NF-ĸB activation. NF-ĸB specific inhibitors further validated enhanced NF-ĸB activity mediated by CALR overexpression. Conclusively, our results the role of CALR in lung cancer cells, indicating that highly expressed CALR proliferation at least by activation of NF-ĸB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Xiaoqian Mu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
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15
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Rezaei M, Danilova ND, Soltani M, Savvateeva LV, V Tarasov V, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, V Bazhinf A, A Zamyatnin A. Cancer Vaccine in Cold Tumors: Clinical Landscape, Challenges, and Opportunities. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:437-453. [PMID: 35156572 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220214103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The idea of cancer immunotherapy is to stimulate the immune system to fight tumors without destroying normal cells. One of the anticancer therapy methods, among many, is based on the use of cancer vaccines that contain tumor antigens in order to induce immune responses against tumors. However, clinical trials have shown that the use of such vaccines as a monotherapy is ineffective in many cases, since they do not cause a strong immune response. Particular tumors are resistant to immunotherapy due to the absence or insufficient infiltration of tumors with CD8+ T cells, and hence, they are called cold or non-inflamed tumors. Cold tumors are characterized by a lack of CD8+ T cell infiltration, the presence of anti-inflammatory myeloid cells, tumor-associated M2 macrophages, and regulatory T cells. It is very important to understand which stage of the antitumor response does not work properly in order to use the right strategy for the treatment of patients. Applying other therapeutic methods alongside cancer vaccines can be more rational for cold tumors which do not provoke the immune system strongly. Herein, we indicate some combinational therapies that have been used or are in progress for cold tumor treatment alongside vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mozhdeh Soltani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alexandr V Bazhinf
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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16
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Identification of a Novel PPAR Signature for Predicting Prognosis, Immune Microenvironment, and Chemotherapy Response in Bladder Cancer. PPAR Res 2022; 2021:7056506. [PMID: 35027921 PMCID: PMC8749226 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7056506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mounting evidence has confirmed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) played a crucial role in the development and progression of bladder cancer (BLCA). The purpose of this study is to comprehensively investigate the function and prognostic value of PPAR-targeted genes in BLCA. Methods The RNA sequencing data and clinical information of BLCA patients were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The differentially expressed PPAR-targeted genes were investigated. Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis were performed for screening prognostic PPAR-targeted genes and constructing the prognostic PPAR signature and then validated by GSE13507 cohort and GSE32894 cohort. A nomogram was constructed to predict the outcomes of BLCA patients in combination with PPAR signature and clinical factors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell infiltration were implemented to explore the molecular characteristics of the signature. The Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database was used to predict the chemotherapy responses of the prognostic signature. The candidate small molecule drugs targeting PPAR-targeted genes were screened by the CMAP database. Results We constructed and validated the prognostic signature comprising of 4 PPAR-targeted genes (CPT1B, CALR, AHNAK, and FADS2), which was an independent prognostic biomarker in BLCA patients. A nomogram based on the signature and clinical factors was established in the TCGA set, and the calibration plots displayed the excellent predictive capacity. GSEA analysis indicated that PPAR signature was implicated in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways and correlated with tumor immune cell infiltration. Patients in the high-risk groups showed greater sensitivity to chemotherapy than those in the low-risk groups. Moreover, 11 candidate small molecule drugs were identified for the treatment of BLCA. Conclusion We constructed and validated a novel PPAR signature, which showed the excellent performance in predicting prognosis and chemotherapy sensitivity of BLCA patients.
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17
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Abdullah TM, Whatmore J, Bremer E, Slibinskas R, Michalak M, Eggleton P. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced release and binding of calreticulin from human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:1655-1669. [PMID: 34800147 PMCID: PMC9188521 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calreticulin (CRT) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, but can appear surface bound on cancers cells, including ovarian cancers (OC). We investigated at what stage of cell viability, CRT appeared associated with surface of human OC cells. CRT on pre-apoptotic tumour cells is thought to initiate their eradication via a process termed immunogenic cell death (ICD). METHODS We treated OC cells with the chemotherapeutic-doxorubicin (DX) known to induce translocation of CRT to some tumour cell surfaces, with and without the ER stressor-thapsigargin (TG)-and/or an ER stress inhibitor-TUDCA. We monitored translocation/release of CRT in pre-apoptotic cells by flow cytometry, immunoblotting and ELISA. We investigated the difference in binding of FITC-CRT to pre-apoptotic, apoptotic and necrotic cells and the ability of extracellular CRT to generate immature dendritic cells from THP-1 monocytes. RESULTS Dx-treatment increased endogenously released CRT and extracellular FITC_CRT binding to human pre-apoptotic OC cells. DX and TG also promoted cell death in OC cells which also increased CRT release. These cellular responses were significantly inhibited by TUDCA, suggesting that ER stress is partially responsible for the changes in CRT cellular distribution. Extracellular CRT induces maturation of THP-1 towards a imDC phenotype, an important component of ICD. CONCLUSION Collectively, these cellular responses suggest that ER stress is partially responsible for the changes in CRT cellular distribution. ER-stress regulates in part the release and binding of CRT to human OC cells where it may play a role in ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trefa M Abdullah
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,College of Pharmacy, Department Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, University of Sulaimani, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Jacqueline Whatmore
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Department of Experimental Hematology, Section Immunohematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen (CRCG), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Department of Eukaryote Gene Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marek Michalak
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Paul Eggleton
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Revolo Biotherapeutics, New Orleans, LA, 70130, USA
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18
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Wang D, Wei X, Kalvakolanu DV, Guo B, Zhang L. Perspectives on Oncolytic Salmonella in Cancer Immunotherapy-A Promising Strategy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:615930. [PMID: 33717106 PMCID: PMC7949470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.615930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first reported spontaneous regression of tumors in patients with streptococcus infection, cancer biological therapy was born and it evolved into today's immunotherapy over the last century. Although the original strategy was unable to impart maximal therapeutic benefit at the beginning, it laid the foundations for the development of immune checkpoint blockade and CAR-T which are currently used for cancer treatment in the clinics. However, clinical applications have shown that current cancer immunotherapy can cause a series of adverse reactions and are captious for patients with preexisting autoimmune disorders. Salmonellae was first reported to exert antitumor effect in 1935. Until now, numerous studies have proved its potency as an antitumor agent in the near future. In this review, we summarize the currently available data on the antitumor effects of Salmonella, and discussed a possibility of integrating Salmonella into cancer immunotherapy to overcome current obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodong Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dhan V. Kalvakolanu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Baofeng Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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19
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Ye J, Qi L, Du Z, Yu L, Chen K, Li R, Feng R, Zhai W. Calreticulin: a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in gallbladder cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5607-5620. [PMID: 33591948 PMCID: PMC7950265 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggested that calreticulin (CRT) has an important role in the progression of various types of cancer. Our previous study suggested that CRT was upregulated and acted as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of CRT in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unclear. The expression level of CRT was upregulated in GBC tissues in comparison with adjacent non-tumor tissues and chronic cholecystitis tissues. Moreover, CRT expression was found to be correlated with the tumor size. Knockdown of CRT inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, arrested cell cycle and resulted in decreased resistance to gemcitabine, which was mediated by the inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Collectively, the present results suggested a potential role of CRT in GBC progression and provided novel insights into the mechanism underlying the CRT-mediated chemosensitivity in GBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Kunlun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Renfeng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruo Feng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenlong Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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20
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Kielbik M, Szulc-Kielbik I, Klink M. Calreticulin-Multifunctional Chaperone in Immunogenic Cell Death: Potential Significance as a Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer Patients. Cells 2021; 10:130. [PMID: 33440842 PMCID: PMC7827772 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of death, which has the hallmarks of necroptosis and apoptosis, and is best characterized in malignant diseases. Chemotherapeutics, radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy induce intracellular stress response pathways in tumor cells, leading to a secretion of various factors belonging to a family of damage-associated molecular patterns molecules, capable of inducing the adaptive immune response. One of them is calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-associated chaperone. Its presence on the surface of dying tumor cells serves as an "eat me" signal for antigen presenting cells (APC). Engulfment of tumor cells by APCs results in the presentation of tumor's antigens to cytotoxic T-cells and production of cytokines/chemokines, which activate immune cells responsible for tumor cells killing. Thus, the development of ICD and the expression of CRT can help standard therapy to eradicate tumor cells. Here, we review the physiological functions of CRT and its involvement in the ICD appearance in malignant disease. Moreover, we also focus on the ability of various anti-cancer drugs to induce expression of surface CRT on ovarian cancer cells. The second aim of this work is to discuss and summarize the prognostic/predictive value of CRT in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kielbik
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232 Lodz, Poland; (I.S.-K.); (M.K.)
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21
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Lam STT, Lim CJ. Cancer Biology of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Lectin Chaperones Calreticulin, Calnexin and PDIA3/ERp57. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 59:181-196. [PMID: 34050867 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67696-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lectin chaperones calreticulin (CALR) and calnexin (CANX), together with their co-chaperone PDIA3, are increasingly implicated in studies of human cancers in roles that extend beyond their primary function as quality control facilitators of protein folding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Led by the discovery that cell surface CALR functions as an immunogen that promotes anti-tumour immunity, studies have now expanded to include their potential uses as prognostic markers for cancers, and in regulation of oncogenic signaling that regulate such diverse processes including integrin-dependent cell adhesion and migration, proliferation, cell death and chemotherapeutic resistance. The diversity stems from the increasing recognition that these proteins have an equally diverse spectrum of subcellular and extracellular localization, and which are aberrantly expressed in tumour cells. This review describes key foundational discoveries and highlight recent findings that further our understanding of the plethora of activities mediated by CALR, CANX and PDIA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Tat Theodore Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chinten James Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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22
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Kepp O, Liu P, Zhao L, Plo I, Kroemer G. Surface-exposed and soluble calreticulin: conflicting biomarkers for cancer prognosis. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1792037. [PMID: 32923154 PMCID: PMC7458660 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1792037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased exposure of calreticulin (CALR) on malignant cells is associated with therapy-relevant adaptive immune responses and superior therapeutic outcome in solid tumors and haemato-oncological diseases, because surface-exposed CALR acts as an ‘eat-me’ signal facilitating the phagocytosis of stressed and dying cancer cells by immature dendritic cells, thus favoring antitumor immune responses. On the contrary, mutations of the CALR gene that cause the omission of the C-terminal KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retention motif from CALR protein, resulting in its secretion from cells, act as oncogenic drivers in myeloproliferative neoplasms via the autocrine activation of the thrombopoietin receptor. We recently showed that soluble CALR inhibited the phagocytosis of cancer cells by dendritic cells, thus dampening anticancer immune responses. Furthermore, systemic elevations of soluble CALR that is secreted from tumors or that is artificially supplied by injection of the recombinant protein decreased the efficacy of immunotherapy. Thus, depending on its location, CALR can have immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Kepp
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Rafoxanide Induces Immunogenic Death of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051314. [PMID: 32455811 PMCID: PMC7281008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death in the world. Emerging evidence suggests that the clinical success of conventional chemotherapy does not merely rely on cell toxicity, but also results from the restoration of tumor immune surveillance. Anti-tumor immune response can be primed by immunogenic cell death (ICD), a form of apoptosis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induction and the expression/release of specific damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Unfortunately, a limited number of ICD inducers have been identified so far. The anti-helmintic drug rafoxanide has recently showed anti-tumor activity in different cancer types, including CRC. As such latter effects relied on ERS activation, we here investigated whether rafoxanide could promote ICD of CRC cells. The potential of rafoxanide to induce ICD-related DAMPs in both human and mouse CRC cells was assessed by flow-cytometry, chemiluminescent assay and ELISA. In addition, the immunogenic potential of rafoxanide was assessed in vivo using a vaccination assay. Rafoxanide induced all the main DAMPs (ecto-calreticulin exposure, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release) required for ICD. We observed a marked increase of tumor-free survival among immunocompetent mice immunized with rafoxanide-treated dying tumor cells as compared with sham. Altogether, our data indicate rafoxanide as a bona fide ICD inducer.
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24
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Asadzadeh Z, Safarzadeh E, Safaei S, Baradaran A, Mohammadi A, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Derakhshani A, Argentiero A, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. Current Approaches for Combination Therapy of Cancer: The Role of Immunogenic Cell Death. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1047. [PMID: 32340275 PMCID: PMC7226590 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12041047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death resistance is a key feature of tumor cells. One of the main anticancer therapies is increasing the susceptibility of cells to death. Cancer cells have developed a capability of tumor immune escape. Hence, restoring the immunogenicity of cancer cells can be suggested as an effective approach against cancer. Accumulating evidence proposes that several anticancer agents provoke the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are determinants of immunogenicity and stimulate immunogenic cell death (ICD). It has been suggested that ICD inducers are two different types according to their various activities. Here, we review the well-characterized DAMPs and focus on the different types of ICD inducers and recent combination therapies that can augment the immunogenicity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (Z.A.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil 5618985991, Iran;
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (Z.A.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Ali Baradaran
- Research & Development Lab, BSD Robotics, 4500 Brisbane, Australia;
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Khalil Hajiasgharzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (Z.A.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (A.D.)
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (Z.A.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (A.D.)
| | | | - Nicola Silvestris
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (Z.A.); (S.S.); (K.H.); (A.D.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
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25
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Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is a pleiotropic and highly conserved molecule that is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Recently, CRT has gained special interest for its functions outside the endoplasmic reticulum where it has immunomodulatory properties. CRT translocation to the cell membrane serves as an "eat me" signal and promotes efferocytosis of apoptotic cells and cancer cell removal with completely opposite outcomes. Efferocytosis results in a silenced immune response and homeostasis, while removal of dying cancer cells brought about by anthracycline treatment, ionizing-irradiation or photodynamic therapy results in immunogenic cell death with activation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition, CRT impacts phagocyte activation and cytokine production. The effects of CRT on cytokine production depend on its conformation, species specificity, degree of oligomerization and/or glycosylation, as well as its cellular localization and the molecular partners involved. The controversial roles of CRT in cancer progression and the possible role of the CALR gene mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms are also addressed. The release of CRT and its influence on the different cells involved during efferocytosis and immunogenic cell death points to additional roles of CRT besides merely acting as an "eat me" signal during apoptosis. Understanding the contribution of CRT in physiological and pathological processes could give us some insight into the potential of CRT as a therapeutic target.
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26
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Serrano-Del Valle A, Naval J, Anel A, Marzo I. Novel Forms of Immunomodulation for Cancer Therapy. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:518-532. [PMID: 32460005 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years immunotherapy has provided new hope for cancer patients. However, some patients eventually relapse. Immunological responses are thought to underlie the long-term effects of conventional or targeted therapies. Whether this influence emerges from direct effects on cancer cells through immunogenic cell death (ICD) or by modulating the immune environment requires further clarification. ICD-related molecular mechanisms are also shared by cell-intrinsic defense responses that combat foreign intrusions. Indeed, we could potentially mimic and harness these processes to improve cancer immunogenicity. In addition, the microbiome is materializing as a missing factor in the cancer-immune therapy axis. The emerging idea of manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to anticancer therapy is becoming increasingly popular, but further clinical authentication is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Serrano-Del Valle
- Apoptosis, Immunity, and Cancer Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, and Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
| | - Javier Naval
- Apoptosis, Immunity, and Cancer Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, and Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Alberto Anel
- Apoptosis, Immunity, and Cancer Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, and Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Isabel Marzo
- Apoptosis, Immunity, and Cancer Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, and Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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27
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Lamberti MJ, Nigro A, Mentucci FM, Rumie Vittar NB, Casolaro V, Dal Col J. Dendritic Cells and Immunogenic Cancer Cell Death: A Combination for Improving Antitumor Immunity. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030256. [PMID: 32178288 PMCID: PMC7151083 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety and feasibility of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapies in cancer management have been well documented after more than twenty-five years of experimentation, and, by now, undeniably accepted. On the other hand, it is equally evident that DC-based vaccination as monotherapy did not achieve the clinical benefits that were predicted in a number of promising preclinical studies. The current availability of several immune modulatory and targeting approaches opens the way to many potential therapeutic combinations. In particular, the evidence that the immune-related effects that are elicited by immunogenic cell death (ICD)-inducing therapies are strictly associated with DC engagement and activation strongly support the combination of ICD-inducing and DC-based immunotherapies. In this review, we examine the data in recent studies employing tumor cells, killed through ICD induction, in the formulation of anticancer DC-based vaccines. In addition, we discuss the opportunity to combine pharmacologic or physical therapeutic approaches that can promote ICD in vivo with in situ DC vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Julia Lamberti
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; (M.J.L.); (F.M.M.)
- INBIAS, CONICET-UNRC, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (A.N.); (V.C.)
| | - Fátima María Mentucci
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; (M.J.L.); (F.M.M.)
- INBIAS, CONICET-UNRC, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia Belén Rumie Vittar
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; (M.J.L.); (F.M.M.)
- INBIAS, CONICET-UNRC, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
- Correspondence: (N.B.R.V.); (J.D.C.); Tel.: +39-089-965-210 (J.D.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (A.N.); (V.C.)
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (A.N.); (V.C.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.R.V.); (J.D.C.); Tel.: +39-089-965-210 (J.D.C.)
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28
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Jiang Z, Chen Z, Hu L, Qiu L, Zhu L. Calreticulin Blockade Attenuates Murine Acute Lung Injury by Inducing Polarization of M2 Subtype Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:11. [PMID: 32082309 PMCID: PMC7002388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) has anti-tumor effects by increasing dendritic cell maturation and tumor antigen presentation. However, whether CALR affects macrophages and modulates progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury (ARDS/ALI) remains unknown. In this study, we discovered that CALR protein was highly expressed in the mice with LPS-induced ALI and CALR expression level was positively correlated to the severity of ALI. Commercial anti-CALR antibody (aCALR) can neutralize recombinant CALR (rCALR) and suppress the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the rCALR-treated macrophages. Blocking CALR activity by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of aCALR significantly suppressed ALI, accompanied with lower total cell counts, neutrophil and T cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissues. The expression of CXCL15, IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and CALR were significantly reduced, in association with more polarization of Siglec F+CD206+M2 subtype macrophages in the aCALR-treated mice. Pre-depletion of circulating monocytes did not abolish the aCALR-mediated suppression of ALI. Further analysis in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) showed that aCALR suppressed the expression of CD80, IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-18, NLRP3, and p-p38 MAPK; but enhanced the expression of CD206 and IL-10. In addition, we observed more expression and phosphorylation of STAT6 in the aCALR-treated BMDM. Lack of STAT6 resulted in comparable and slightly higher expression of CALR, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the aCALR-treated STAT6-/- BMDMs than the untreated cells. Therefore, we conclude that CALR is a novel biomarker in the evaluation of ALI. Blocking CALR activity by aCALR effectively suppressed ALI independent of circulating monocytes. Siglec F+CD206+M2 subtype macrophages and p38 MAPK/STAT6 signaling pathway played important role in the immune regulation of aCALR. Blocking CALR activity is a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of ARDS/ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Hu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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29
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Yamazaki T, Vanpouille-Box C, Demaria S, Galluzzi L. Immunogenic Cell Death Driven by Radiation-Impact on the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Treat Res 2020; 180:281-296. [PMID: 32215874 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38862-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a particular form of cell death that can initiate adaptive immunity against antigens expressed by dying cells in the absence of exogenous adjuvants. This implies that cells undergoing ICD not only express antigens that are not covered by thymic tolerance, but also deliver adjuvant-like signals that enable the recruitment and maturation of antigen-presenting cells toward an immunostimulatory phenotype, culminating with robust cross-priming of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Such damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which encompass cellular proteins, small metabolites and cytokines, are emitted in a spatiotemporally defined manner in the context of failing adaptation to stress. Radiation therapy (RT) is a bona fide inducer of ICD, at least when employed according to specific doses and fractionation schedules. Here, we discuss the mechanisms whereby DAMPs emitted by cancer cells undergoing RT-driven ICD alter the functional configuration of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Vanpouille-Box
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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30
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Kasikova L, Hensler M, Truxova I, Skapa P, Laco J, Belicova L, Praznovec I, Vosahlikova S, Halaska MJ, Brtnicky T, Rob L, Presl J, Kostun J, Cremer I, Ryska A, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Spisek R, Fucikova J. Calreticulin exposure correlates with robust adaptive antitumor immunity and favorable prognosis in ovarian carcinoma patients. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:312. [PMID: 31747968 PMCID: PMC6868694 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvanticity, which is the ability of neoplastic cells to deliver danger signals, is critical for the host immune system to mount spontaneous and therapy-driven anticancer immune responses. One of such signals, i.e., the exposure of calreticulin (CALR) on the membrane of malignant cells experiencing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, is well known for its role in the activation of immune responses to dying cancer cells. However, the potential impact of CALR on the immune contexture of primary and metastatic high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) and its prognostic value for patients with HGSC remains unclear. METHOD We harnessed a retrospective cohort of primary (no = 152) and metastatic (no = 74) tumor samples from HGSC patients to investigate the CALR expression in relation with prognosis and function orientation of the tumor microenvironment. IHC data were complemented with transcriptomic and functional studies on second prospective cohort of freshly resected HGSC samples. In silico analysis of publicly available RNA expression data from 302 HGSC samples was used as a confirmatory approach. RESULTS We demonstrate that CALR exposure on the surface of primary and metastatic HGSC cells is driven by a chemotherapy-independent ER stress response and culminates with the establishment of a local immune contexture characterized by TH1 polarization and cytotoxic activity that enables superior clinical benefits. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that CALR levels in primary and metastatic HGSC samples have robust prognostic value linked to the activation of clinically-relevant innate and adaptive anticancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kasikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Iva Truxova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skapa
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ivan Praznovec
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Michael J Halaska
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brtnicky
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Rob
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Presl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kostun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Isabelle Cremer
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer, INSERM, U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France, Paris, France
| | - Ales Ryska
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France, Paris, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Radek Spisek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic.
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.
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31
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Kepp O, Sauvat A, Leduc M, Forveille S, Liu P, Zhao L, Bezu L, Xie W, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. A fluorescent biosensor-based platform for the discovery of immunogenic cancer cell death inducers. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1606665. [PMID: 31413915 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1606665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic anticancer immunity can be reinstated via the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in malignant cells. Thus, certain classes of cytotoxic compounds, for example, anthracyclines, oxaliplatin and taxanes are endowed with the capacity to act on cancer cells to ignite premortem stress pathways that lead to the surface exposure of calreticulin (CALR) and the cellular release of adenosine triphosphate, annexin A1, high mobility group B1 and type-1 interferons. Altogether, these alterations constitute the hallmarks of ICD. Here we report the design of a discovery pipeline for the identification of novel ICD inducers by means of a phenotypic screening platform. The use of fluorescent biosensors as proxies for the manifestation of ICD hallmarks has enabled the exploration of large collections of chemical compounds by automatized screening routines. Imaging-based assessment and phenotypic selection led to the identification of potential ICD inducers that could be validated further in vitro and in vivo, confirming that bona fide ICD inducers possess the capacity to induce immunological long-term memory and to confer resistance against rechallenge with syngeneic tumors. Machine learning algorithms analyzing the physicochemical properties of ICD inducers can assist in the preselection of compounds with potential ICD-stimulatory properties, further accelerating the screening efforts designed to develop new immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Allan Sauvat
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marion Leduc
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sabrina Forveille
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lucillia Bezu
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Service anesthésie-réanimation, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Wei Xie
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Institut de Cancérologie, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Serrano-Del Valle A, Anel A, Naval J, Marzo I. Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:50. [PMID: 31041312 PMCID: PMC6476910 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, immunotherapy has demonstrated a prominent clinical efficacy in a wide variety of human tumors. For many years, apoptosis has been considered a non-immunogenic or tolerogenic process whereas necrosis or necroptosis has long been acknowledged to play a key role in inflammation and immune-related processes. However, the new concept of “immunogenic cell death” (ICD) has challenged this traditional view and has granted apoptosis with immunogenic abilities. This paradigm shift offers clear implications in designing novel anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. To date, several screening studies have been carried out to discover bona fide ICD inducers and reveal the inherent capacity of a wide variety of drugs to induce cell death-associated exposure of danger signals and to bring about in vivo anti-cancer immune responses. Recent shreds of evidence place ER stress at the core of all the scenarios where ICD occur. Furthermore, ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have emerged as important targets in different human cancers. Notably, in multiple myeloma (MM), a lethal plasma cell disorder, the elevated production of immunoglobulins leaves these cells heavily reliant on the survival arm of the UPR. For that reason, drugs that disrupt ER homeostasis and engage ER stress-associated cell death, such as proteasome inhibitors, which are currently used for the treatment of MM, as well as novel ER stressors are intended to be promising therapeutic agents in MM. This not only holds true for their capacity to induce cell death, but also to their potential ability to activate the immunogenic arm of the ER stress response, with the ensuing exposure of danger signals. We provide here an overview of the up-to-date knowledge regarding the cell death mechanisms involved in situations of ER stress with a special focus on the connections with the drug-induced ER stress pathways that evoke ICD. We will also discuss how this could assist in optimizing and developing better immunotherapeutic approaches, especially in MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Anel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Naval
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Marzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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33
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Liu P, Zhao L, Pol J, Levesque S, Petrazzuolo A, Pfirschke C, Engblom C, Rickelt S, Yamazaki T, Iribarren K, Senovilla L, Bezu L, Vacchelli E, Sica V, Melis A, Martin T, Xia L, Yang H, Li Q, Chen J, Durand S, Aprahamian F, Lefevre D, Broutin S, Paci A, Bongers A, Minard-Colin V, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Apetoh L, Ma Y, Pittet MJ, Kepp O, Kroemer G. Crizotinib-induced immunogenic cell death in non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1486. [PMID: 30940805 PMCID: PMC6445096 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) converts dying cancer cells into a therapeutic vaccine and stimulates antitumor immune responses. Here we unravel the results of an unbiased screen identifying high-dose (10 µM) crizotinib as an ICD-inducing tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has exceptional antineoplastic activity when combined with non-ICD inducing chemotherapeutics like cisplatin. The combination of cisplatin and high-dose crizotinib induces ICD in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells and effectively controls the growth of distinct (transplantable, carcinogen- or oncogene induced) orthotopic NSCLC models. These anticancer effects are linked to increased T lymphocyte infiltration and are abolished by T cell depletion or interferon-γ neutralization. Crizotinib plus cisplatin leads to an increase in the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in tumors, coupled to a strong sensitization of NSCLC to immunotherapy with PD-1 antibodies. Hence, a sequential combination treatment consisting in conventional chemotherapy together with crizotinib, followed by immune checkpoint blockade may be active against NSCLC. Certain chemotherapeutic agents can exert their anticancer effect through indirect immune-dependent mechanism. Here, the authors screen a library of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and show that crizotinib is an effective stimulator of immunogenic cell death and can potentiate the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Jonathan Pol
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Sarah Levesque
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Adriana Petrazzuolo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Christina Pfirschke
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02139, MA, USA
| | - Camilla Engblom
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02139, MA, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02238, MA, USA
| | - Steffen Rickelt
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, 14853, NY, USA
| | - Kristina Iribarren
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Laura Senovilla
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Lucillia Bezu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France.,Department of Anaesthesiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Erika Vacchelli
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Valentina Sica
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Andréa Melis
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Tiffany Martin
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Lin Xia
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Fanny Aprahamian
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Deborah Lefevre
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Sophie Broutin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Angelo Paci
- Department of Pharmacology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94805, France.,School of Pharmacy, Université Paris Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, 92 296, France
| | - Amaury Bongers
- Department of Pharmacology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | | | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, 75006, France.,Department of Immunology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.,Institut de Cancérologie, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, 94805, France.,INSERM U1015, Villejuif, 94805, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations CIC1428, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Lionel Apetoh
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Yuting Ma
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mikael J Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France. .,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France. .,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France. .,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France. .,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, 75006, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1138, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, 75006, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75006, France. .,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75006, France. .,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China. .,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, 75015, France. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 141 86, Sweden.
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34
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Stoll G, Kremer M, Bloy N, Joseph A, Castedo M, Meurice G, Klein C, Galluzzi L, Michels J, Kroemer G. Metabolic enzymes expressed by cancer cells impact the immune infiltrate. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1571389. [PMID: 31069148 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1571389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of two metabolic enzymes, i.e., aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family, member A1 (ALDH7A1) and lipase C, hepatic type (LIPC) by malignant cells, has been measured by immunohistochemical methods in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) biopsies, and has been attributed negative and positive prognostic value, respectively. Here, we demonstrate that the protein levels of ALDH7A1 and LIPC correlate with the levels of the corresponding mRNAs. Bioinformatic analyses of gene expression data from 4921 cancer patients revealed that the expression of LIPC positively correlates with abundant tumor infiltration by myeloid and lymphoid cells in NSCLC, breast carcinoma, colorectal cancer and melanoma samples. In contrast, high levels of ALDH7A1 were associated with a paucity of immune effectors within the tumor bed. These data reinforce the notion that the metabolism of cancer cells has a major impact on immune and inflammatory processes in the tumor microenvironment, pointing to hitherto unsuspected intersections between oncometabolism and immunometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Stoll
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Margerie Kremer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Normal Bloy
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Adrien Joseph
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Castedo
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Guillaume Meurice
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Christophe Klein
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Centre d'Histologie, Imagerie cellulaire et Cytométrie (CHIC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Michels
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Altorki NK, Markowitz GJ, Gao D, Port JL, Saxena A, Stiles B, McGraw T, Mittal V. The lung microenvironment: an important regulator of tumour growth and metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:9-31. [PMID: 30532012 PMCID: PMC6749995 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 624] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major global health problem, as it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Major advances in the identification of key mutational alterations have led to the development of molecularly targeted therapies, whose efficacy has been limited by emergence of resistance mechanisms. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapies targeting angiogenesis and more recently immune checkpoints have reinvigorated enthusiasm in elucidating the prognostic and pathophysiological roles of the tumour microenvironment in lung cancer. In this Review, we highlight recent advances and emerging concepts for how the tumour-reprogrammed lung microenvironment promotes both primary lung tumours and lung metastasis from extrapulmonary neoplasms by contributing to inflammation, angiogenesis, immune modulation and response to therapies. We also discuss the potential of understanding tumour microenvironmental processes to identify biomarkers of clinical utility and to develop novel targeted therapies against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser K Altorki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey J Markowitz
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dingcheng Gao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Port
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashish Saxena
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brendon Stiles
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy McGraw
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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36
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Chraa D, Naim A, Olive D, Badou A. T lymphocyte subsets in cancer immunity: Friends or foes. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:243-255. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0318-097r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dounia Chraa
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology LaboratoryFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of CasablancaHassan II University Casablanca Morocco
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258Institut Paoli‐CalmettesAix‐Marseille University, UM 105 Marseille France
| | - Asmaa Naim
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology LaboratoryFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of CasablancaHassan II University Casablanca Morocco
- University Mohammed VI for Health ScienceCheick Khalifa Hospital Casablanca Morocco
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258Institut Paoli‐CalmettesAix‐Marseille University, UM 105 Marseille France
| | - Abdallah Badou
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology LaboratoryFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of CasablancaHassan II University Casablanca Morocco
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Cancer Immunotherapy: Priming the Host Immune Response with Live Attenuated Salmonella enterica. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:2984247. [PMID: 30302344 PMCID: PMC6158935 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2984247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has undergone great advances because of our understanding of the immune response and the mechanisms through which tumor cells evade it. A century after the first immunotherapy attempt based on bacterial products described by William Coley, the use of live attenuated bacterial vectors has become a promising alternative in the fight against cancer. This review describes the role of live attenuated Salmonella enterica as an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic agent, due to its high affinity for tumor tissue and its ability to activate innate and adaptive antitumor immune response. Furthermore, its potential use as delivery system of tumor antigens and immunomodulatory molecules that induce tumor regression is also reviewed.
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38
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Stoll G, Pol J, Soumelis V, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Impact of chemotactic factors and receptors on the cancer immune infiltrate: a bioinformatics study revealing homogeneity and heterogeneity among patient cohorts. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1484980. [PMID: 30288345 PMCID: PMC6169589 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1484980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple soluble factors including proteins (in particular chemokines), non-proteinaceous factors released by dead cells, as well as receptors for such factors (in particular chemokine receptors, formyl peptide receptors and purinergic receptors), influence the recruitment of distinct cell subsets into the tumor microenvironment. We performed an extensive bioinformatic analysis on tumor specimens from 5953 cancer patients to correlate the mRNA expression levels of chemotactic factors/receptors with the density of immune cell types infiltrating the malignant lesions. This meta-analysis, which included specimens from breast, colorectal, lung, ovary and head and neck carcinomas as well as melanomas, revealed that a subset of chemotactic factors/receptors exhibited a positive and reproducible correlation with several infiltrating cell types across various solid cancers, revealing a universal pattern of association. Hence, this meta-analysis distinguishes between homogeneous associations that occur across different cancer types and heterogeneous correlations, that are specific of one organ. Importantly, in four out of five breast cancer cohorts for which clinical data were available, the levels of expression of chemotactic factors/receptors that exhibited universal (rather than organ-specific) positive correlations with the immune infiltrate had a positive impact on the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These results support the notion that general (rather than organ-specific) rules governing the recruitment of immune cells into the tumor bed are particularly important in determining local immunosurveillance and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Stoll
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Pol
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- pôle de biopathologie, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U932, Paris, France.,CIC IGR-Curie 1428, Paris, France.,PSL, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Villejuif, France.,Institut Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT), Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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39
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Laengle J, Stift J, Bilecz A, Wolf B, Beer A, Hegedus B, Stremitzer S, Starlinger P, Tamandl D, Pils D, Bergmann M. DNA damage predicts prognosis and treatment response in colorectal liver metastases superior to immunogenic cell death and T cells. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:3198-3213. [PMID: 29930723 PMCID: PMC6010984 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical models indicate that DNA damage induces type I interferon (IFN), which is crucial for the induction of an anti-tumor immune response. In human cancers, however, the association between DNA damage and an immunogenic cell death (ICD), including the release and sensing of danger signals, the subsequent ER stress response and a functional IFN system, is less clear. Methods: Neoadjuvant-treated colorectal liver metastases (CLM) patients, undergoing liver resection in with a curative intent, were retrospectively enrolled in this study (n=33). DNA damage (γH2AX), RNA and DNA sensors (RIG-I, DDX41, cGAS, STING), ER stress response (p-PKR, p-eIF2α, CALR), type I and type II IFN- induced proteins (MxA, GBP1), mature dendritic cells (CD208), and cytotoxic and memory T cells (CD3, CD8, CD45RO) were investigated by an immunohistochemistry whole-slide tissue scanning approach and further correlated with recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), radiographic and pathologic therapy response. Results: γH2AX is a negative prognostic marker for RFS (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.69, p=0.023) and OS (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.23-2.11, p<0.001). A model comprising of DDX41, STING and p-PKR predicts radiographic therapy response (AUC=0.785, p=0.002). γH2AX predicts prognosis superior to the prognostic value of CD8. CALR positively correlates with GBP1, CD8 and cGAS. A model consisting of γH2AX, p-eIF2α, DDX41, cGAS, CD208 and CD45RO predicts pathological therapy response (AUC=0.944, p<0.001). Conclusion: In contrast to preclinical models, DNA damage inversely correlated with ICD and its associated T cell infiltrate and potentially serves as a therapeutic target in CLM.
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40
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Montico B, Nigro A, Casolaro V, Dal Col J. Immunogenic Apoptosis as a Novel Tool for Anticancer Vaccine Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020594. [PMID: 29462947 PMCID: PMC5855816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic apoptosis, or more appropriately called immunogenic cell death (ICD), is a recently described form of apoptosis induced by a specific set of chemotherapeutic drugs or by physical therapeutic modalities, such as ionizing irradiation and photodynamic therapy. The peculiar characteristic of ICD is the ability to favor recognition and elimination of dying tumor cells by phagocytes in association with the release of pro-inflammatory molecules (such as cytokines and high-mobility group box-1). While in vitro and animal models pointed to ICD as one of the molecular mechanisms mediating the clinical efficacy of some anticancer agents, it is hard to clearly demonstrate its contribution in cancer patients. Clinical evidence suggests that the induction of ICD alone is possibly not sufficient to fully subvert the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, interesting results from recent studies contemplate the exploitation of ICD for improving the immunogenicity of cancer cells to use them as an antigen cargo in the development of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. Herein, we discuss the effects of danger signals expressed or released by cancer cells undergoing ICD on the maturation and activation of immature and mature DC, highlighting the potential added value of ICD in adoptive immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Montico
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Department of Translational Research, Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.
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41
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Dexamethasone-Mediated Upregulation of Calreticulin Inhibits Primary Human Glioblastoma Dispersal Ex Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020572. [PMID: 29443896 PMCID: PMC5855794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal of Glioblastoma (GBM) renders localized therapy ineffective and is a major cause of recurrence. Previous studies have demonstrated that Dexamethasone (Dex), a drug currently used to treat brain tumor-related edema, can also significantly reduce dispersal of human primary GBM cells from neurospheres. It does so by triggering α5 integrin activity, leading to restoration of fibronectin matrix assembly (FNMA), increased neurosphere cohesion, and reduction of neurosphere dispersal velocity (DV). How Dex specifically activates α5 integrin in these GBM lines is unknown. Several chaperone proteins are known to activate integrins, including calreticulin (CALR). We explore the role of CALR as a potential mediator of Dex-dependent induction of α5 integrin activity in primary human GBM cells. We use CALR knock-down and knock-in strategies to explore the effects on FNMA, aggregate compaction, and dispersal velocity in vitro, as well as dispersal ex vivo on extirpated mouse retina and brain slices. We show that Dex increases CALR expression and that siRNA knockdown suppresses Dex-mediated FNMA. Overexpression of CALR in GBM cells activates FNMA, increases compaction, and decreases DV in vitro and on explants of mouse retina and brain slices. Our results define a novel interaction between Dex, CALR, and FNMA as inhibitors of GBM dispersal.
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42
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Wang G, Jiang Z, He S, Zhang M. Two novel calreticulin-related molecules with microbial binding and phagocytosis enhancing capacity in the half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 72:174-180. [PMID: 29104090 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is highly conserved chaperone located in the endoplasmic reticulum. It plays important roles in innate immunity. Although various immune-related functions of CRT have been reported in vertebrates and invertebrates, information on the potential functions of teleost CRT is very limited. In the present study, we characterized two calreticulin-related molecules from tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), calreticulin-like1 and calreticulin-like2 (CsCRTL1 and CsCRTL2). CsCRTL1and CsCRTL2 contain signature CRT motifs that are highly conserved in different species. CsCRTL1and CsCRTL2 were expressed in liver, head kidney, brain, spleen, heart, muscle, skin, intestine and gills. The expression levels of CsCRTL1and CsCRTL2 were highest in liver and spleen, respectively. After stimulation by Vibrio anguillarum and Streptococcus agalactiae, CsCRTL1 and CsCRTL2 were significantly up-regulated. The expression patterns depended on the tissue type, pathogen type, and infection time. The recombinant proteins rCsCRTL1and rCsCRTL2 bound to different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including LPS and PGN, and to different bacteria, such as Gram-negative bacteria V. anguillarum and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, rCsCRTL1and rCsCRTL2 significantly enhanced the killing of V. anguillarum by tongue sole macrophages. Our results indicate that CsCRTL1and CsCRTL2 play important roles in antibacterial immunity of tongue sole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zengjie Jiang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shuwen He
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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43
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Immunogenic Stress and Death of Cancer Cells in Natural and Therapy-Induced Immunosurveillance. Oncoimmunology 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62431-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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44
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Fucikova J, Kasikova L, Truxova I, Laco J, Skapa P, Ryska A, Spisek R. Relevance of the chaperone-like protein calreticulin for the biological behavior and clinical outcome of cancer. Immunol Lett 2017; 193:25-34. [PMID: 29175313 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The death of cancer cells can be categorized as either immunogenic (ICD) or nonimmunogenic, depending on the initiating stimulus. The immunogenic processes of immunogenic cell death are mainly mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which include surface exposure of calreticulin (CRT), secretion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), release of non-histone chromatin protein high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the production of type I interferons (IFNs). DAMPs are recognized by various receptors that are expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and potentiate the presentation of tumor antigens to T lymphocytes. Accumulating evidence indicates that CRT exposure constitutes one of the major checkpoints, that determines the immunogenicity of cell death both in vitro and in vivo in mouse models. Moreover, recent studies have identified CRT expression on tumor cells not only as a marker of ICD and active anti-tumor immune reactions but also as a major predictor of a better prognosis in various cancers. Here, we discuss the recent information on the CRT capacity to activate anticancer immune response as well as its prognostic and predictive role for the clinical outcome in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Fucikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kasikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Truxova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skapa
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Ryska
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.
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45
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Abstract
Immunotherapy is currently the most rapidly advancing area of clinical oncology, and provides the unprecedented opportunity to effectively treat, and even cure, several previously untreatable malignancies. A growing awareness exists of the fact that the success of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, in which the patient's disease can be stabilized well beyond discontinuation of treatment (and occasionally is cured), also relies on the induction of a durable anticancer immune response. Indeed, the local immune infiltrate undergoes dynamic changes that accompany a shift from a pre-existing immune response to a therapy-induced immune response. As a result, the immune contexture, which is determined by the density, composition, functional state and organization of the leukocyte infiltrate of the tumour, can yield information that is relevant to prognosis, prediction of a treatment response and various other pharmacodynamic parameters. Several complementary technologies can be used to explore the immune contexture of tumours, and to derive biomarkers that could enable the adaptation of individual treatment approaches for each patient, as well as monitoring a response to anticancer therapies.
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46
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Garg AD, Vara Perez M, Schaaf M, Agostinis P, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Dendritic cell-based anticancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1328341. [PMID: 28811970 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1328341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines against cancer have been extensively developed over the past two decades. Typically DC-based cancer immunotherapy entails loading patient-derived DCs with an appropriate source of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and efficient DC stimulation through a so-called "maturation cocktail" (typically a combination of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor agonists), followed by DC reintroduction into patients. DC vaccines have been documented to (re)activate tumor-specific T cells in both preclinical and clinical settings. There is considerable clinical interest in combining DC-based anticancer vaccines with T cell-targeting immunotherapies. This reflects the established capacity of DC-based vaccines to generate a pool of TAA-specific effector T cells and facilitate their infiltration into the tumor bed. In this Trial Watch, we survey the latest trends in the preclinical and clinical development of DC-based anticancer therapeutics. We also highlight how the emergence of immune checkpoint blockers and adoptive T-cell transfer-based approaches has modified the clinical niche for DC-based vaccines within the wide cancer immunotherapy landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Monica Vara Perez
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Schaaf
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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47
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated membrane expression of CRT/ERp57 induces immunogenic apoptosis in drug-resistant endometrial cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58754-58764. [PMID: 28938593 PMCID: PMC5601689 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated CRT/ERp57 complex expression underlying the mechanism of resistance to doxorubicin (DOX) in endometrial carcinoma (EC) in vivo and in vitro. METHODS The expression of CRT, ERp57, p-PERK, eIF2α, p-eIF2α in EC patients and EC cells was detected by Western blots and by immunofluorescence assay. MTT assay was used to determine the LC50 of EC cells to DOX and cell viability. Apoptosis was assayed using flow cytometer. The protein expression of PERK, cleaved-caspase-8, p-eIF2α and CHOP were detected by Western blot, and the expression of VAMP-1, SNAP23 and PERK was knockdown by siRNA and/or shRNA. The expression of CRT/ERp57 complex was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of eIF2α and p-eIF2α was detected by Western blot analysis after drug-resistant EC cells were transfected with lentivirus overexpressing CRT, treated with GADD34 inhibitor and ES stress inducer. MTT assay was used to detect the phagocytic activity of T cells induced by maturation of dendritic cells in drug-resistant EC cells. RESULTS The expression of CRT, ERp57, p-PERK and p-eIF2α was significantly decreased in the drug-resistant patients in EC patients. The IC50 of the drug-resistant EC cells was 10 times higher than that of the wild type cells. In the drug-resistant EC cells the expression of CRT, ERp57, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, caspase-8 and CHOP was significantly lower than in the wild type cells. After treatment with DOX, CRT and ER stress-related proteins p-PERK, p-eIF2α, caspase-8 and apoptosis were significantly increased in wild-type EC cells, but not in drug-resistant EC cells. The increased expressions led to inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. The knockdown of PERK gene and addition of DOX resulted in significant decrease of cleaved-caspase 8 and p-eIF2α in sensitive EC cells. The expression of CRT/ERp57 in sensitive EC cells was further significantly decreased by blocking VAMP and SNAP23. In addition, transfection with CRT overexpressing lentivirus and addition of GADD34 inhibitor and ER stress inducer in drug-resistant EC cells revealed a significant increase in the expression of CRT/ERp57 complex and p-eIF2α when DOX was added simultaneously, which promoted the maturation and chemotaxis of T lymphocytes to phagocytose drug-resistant EC cells. CONCLUSION DOX can induce the death of tumor cells by ER stress-mediated CRT/ERp57 expression in EC cells. Induction of ER stress in drug-resistant EC cells up-regulates the membrane expression of CRT/ERp57, enhances phagocytosis, induces immunogenic apoptosisand sensitizes the cells to DOX.
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48
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Stoll G, Ma Y, Yang H, Kepp O, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Pro-necrotic molecules impact local immunosurveillance in human breast cancer. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1299302. [PMID: 28507808 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1299302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrosis culminates in spilling cellular content through the permeabilized plasma membrane, thereby releasing potentially immunostimulatory molecules in the pericellular space of dead cells. Accordingly, molecules involved in necroptotic signaling, such as receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase-like (MLKL) have been found to stimulate anticancer immune responses in mouse models of chemotherapy. mRNAs encoding prominent pro-necrotic gene products (RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, PGAM5 and DFNA5) were correlated with immune-related metagenes in several cancer types (breast, colorectal, lung, ovary, melanoma), revealing the strongest associations in breast cancer. In two independent breast cancer cohorts, the expression of MLKL and DFNA5 was decreased at the mRNA levels in tumor as compared with normal tissues. Moreover, MLKL expression exhibited a strong positive correlation with genes reflecting the presence of B, NK and T lymphocytes in the tumor bed, in multiple distinct breast cancer subtypes. In contrast, the positive correlation between RIPK3 and lymphoid cells was restricted to HER2+ and triple negative/basal-like breast cancer. Moreover, the expression of DFNA5, which mediates post-apoptotic secondary necrosis, mostly correlated with the monocytic lineage and macrophages in ER+/luminal A breast cancers. MLKL (and to some extent RIPK1 and RIPK3) was strongly associated with the local expression of genes involved in interferon-α and interferon-γ responses. Altogether, these results support the idea that pro-necrotic signaling facilitates intratumoral immune responses in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Stoll
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Yuting Ma
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.,Institut Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT), Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Chen X, Fosco D, Kline DE, Kline J. Calreticulin promotes immunity and type I interferon-dependent survival in mice with acute myeloid leukemia. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1278332. [PMID: 28507789 PMCID: PMC5414882 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1278332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of cancer cells to particular chemotherapeutic agents or γ-irradiation induces a form of cell death that stimulates an immune response in mice. This “immunogenic cell death” requires calreticulin (CRT) translocation to the plasma membrane, which has been shown to promote cancer cell phagocytosis. However, it remains unclear whether the effect of CRT on cancer cell phagocytosis is alone sufficient to affect tumor immunity. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells expressing cell-surface CRT were generated in order to characterize the mechanism(s) through which CRT activates tumor immune responses. Potent immune-mediated control or rejection of AML was observed in mice with CRT-expressing leukemia. The “CRT effect” was ultimately T-cell dependent, but dendritic cells (DCs), and CD8α+ DCs in particular, were also necessary, indicating that CRT might act directly on these DCs. CRT-expressing AML cells were slightly more susceptible to phagocytosis by DCs in vivo, but this effect was unlikely to explain the potent immunity observed. CRT did not affect classical DC maturation markers, but induced expression of type I interferon (IFN), which was critical for its positive effect on survival. In conclusion, CRT functions as a “danger signal” that promotes a host type I IFN response associated with the induction of potent leukemia-specific T-cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dominick Fosco
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Douglas E Kline
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Justin Kline
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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