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de Winter N, Ji J, Sintou A, Forte E, Lee M, Noseda M, Li A, Koenig AL, Lavine KJ, Hayat S, Rosenthal N, Emanueli C, Srivastava PK, Sattler S. Persistent transcriptional changes in cardiac adaptive immune cells following myocardial infarction: New evidence from the re-analysis of publicly available single cell and nuclei RNA-sequencing data sets. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 192:48-64. [PMID: 38734060 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic immunopathology contributes to the development of heart failure after a myocardial infarction. Both T and B cells of the adaptive immune system are present in the myocardium and have been suggested to be involved in post-MI immunopathology. METHODS We analyzed the B and T cell populations isolated from previously published single cell RNA-sequencing data sets (PMID: 32130914, PMID: 35948637, PMID: 32971526 and PMID: 35926050), of the mouse and human heart, using differential expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, gene regulatory inferences, and integration with autoimmune and cardiovascular GWAS. RESULTS Already at baseline, mature effector B and T cells are present in the human and mouse heart, having increased activity in transcription factors maintaining tolerance (e.g. DEAF1, JDP2, SPI-B). Following MI, T cells upregulate pro-inflammatory transcript levels (e.g. Cd11, Gzmk, Prf1), while B cells upregulate activation markers (e.g. Il6, Il1rn, Ccl6) and collagen (e.g. Col5a2, Col4a1, Col1a2). Importantly, pro-inflammatory and fibrotic transcription factors (e.g. NFKB1, CREM, REL) remain active in T cells, while B cells maintain elevated activity in transcription factors related to immunoglobulin production (e.g. ERG, REL) in both mouse and human post-MI hearts. Notably, genes differentially expressed in post-MI T and B cells are associated with cardiovascular and autoimmune disease. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the varied and time-dependent dynamic roles of post-MI T and B cells. They appear ready-to-go and are activated immediately after MI, thus participate in the acute wound healing response. However, they subsequently remain in a state of pro-inflammatory activation contributing to persistent immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha de Winter
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Jiahui Ji
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Amalia Sintou
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Elvira Forte
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, United States
| | - Michael Lee
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Michela Noseda
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Centre For Research Excellence, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Aoxue Li
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew L Koenig
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kory J Lavine
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | | | - Nadia Rosenthal
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, United States
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Centre For Research Excellence, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Prashant K Srivastava
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Sattler
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria; Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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Liu J, He M. Construction and validation of a novel immunological model to predict prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112266. [PMID: 38761784 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer, with limited treatment options. In this study, we investigated the role of immune cell infiltration in PDAC progression and constructed an immune-related predictive model for patients with PDAC based on the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort. Related algorithms have been used to assess the immune microenvironment. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox analysis was used to construct the model, and receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analysis analyses were conducted to evaluate its diagnostic and prognostic efficacy. The results demonstrated a correlation between high immune infiltration and better prognosis in PDAC. The immune-related prognostic model (IPM) identified four genes through LASSO Cox analysis, with the high IPM group being associated with a worse prognosis. Cox regression analysis confirmed that IPM is an independent risk factor for PDAC. Validation through analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and our own individual tumor samples revealed a similar trend to that observed in the ICGC cohort. Finally, a nomogram incorporating age and IPM demonstrated efficacy in the prognostic evaluation of patients with PDAC. In conclusion, we developed a novel immune-related prognosis prediction model for PDAC that offers new possibilities for the measurement of immunotherapy and prognostic assessment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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Strum S, Andersen MH, Svane IM, Siu LL, Weber JS. State-Of-The-Art Advancements on Cancer Vaccines and Biomarkers. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2024; 44:e438592. [PMID: 38669611 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_438592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The origins of cancer vaccines date back to the 1800s. Since then, there have been significant efforts to generate vaccines against solid and hematologic malignancies using a variety of platforms. To date, these efforts have generally been met with minimal success. However, in the era of improved methods and technological advancements, supported by compelling preclinical and clinical data, a wave of renewed interest in the field offers the promise of discovering field-changing paradigms in the management of established and resected disease using cancer vaccines. These include novel approaches to personalized neoantigen vaccine development, as well as innovative immune-modulatory vaccines (IMVs) that facilitate activation of antiregulatory T cells to limit immunosuppression caused by regulatory immune cells. This article will introduce some of the limitations that have affected cancer vaccine development over the past several decades, followed by an introduction to the latest advancements in neoantigen vaccine and IMV therapy, and then conclude with a discussion of some of the newest technologies and progress that are occurring across the cancer vaccine space. Cancer vaccines are among the most promising frontiers for breakthrough innovations and strategies poised to make a measurable impact in the ongoing fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Strum
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lillian L Siu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S Weber
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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Ge S, Zhao Y, Liang J, He Z, Li K, Zhang G, Hua B, Zheng H, Guo Q, Qi R, Shi Z. Immune modulation in malignant pleural effusion: from microenvironment to therapeutic implications. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:105. [PMID: 38475858 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune microenvironment and immunotherapy have become the focus and frontier of tumor research, and the immune checkpoint inhibitors has provided novel strategies for tumor treatment. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common end-stage manifestation of lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma and other thoracic malignancies, which is invasive and often accompanied by poor prognosis, affecting the quality of life of affected patients. Currently, clinical therapy for MPE is limited to pleural puncture, pleural fixation, catheter drainage, and other palliative therapies. Immunization is a new direction for rehabilitation and treatment of MPE. The effusion caused by cancer cells establishes its own immune microenvironment during its formation. Immune cells, cytokines, signal pathways of microenvironment affect the MPE progress and prognosis of patients. The interaction between them have been proved. The relevant studies were obtained through a systematic search of PubMed database according to keywords search method. Then through screening and sorting and reading full-text, 300 literatures were screened out. Exclude irrelevant and poor quality articles, 238 literatures were cited in the references. In this study, the mechanism of immune microenvironment affecting malignant pleural effusion was discussed from the perspectives of adaptive immune cells, innate immune cells, cytokines and molecular targets. Meanwhile, this study focused on the clinical value of microenvironmental components in the immunotherapy and prognosis of malignant pleural effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ge
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiao Street, Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhongning He
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Kai Li
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, No.10 Yangfangdiantieyilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qiujun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Runzhi Qi
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Zhan Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiao Street, Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Wang M, Yu F, Li P. Noncoding RNAs as an emerging resistance mechanism to immunotherapies in cancer: basic evidence and therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268745. [PMID: 37767098 PMCID: PMC10520974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing knowledge in the field of oncoimmunology has led to extensive research into tumor immune landscape and a plethora of clinical immunotherapy trials in cancer patients. Immunotherapy has become a clinically beneficial alternative to traditional treatments by enhancing the power of the host immune system against cancer. However, it only works for a minority of cancers. Drug resistance continues to be a major obstacle to the success of immunotherapy in cancer. A fundamental understanding of the detailed mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance in cancer patients will provide new potential directions for further investigations of cancer treatment. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are tightly linked with cancer initiation and development due to their critical roles in gene expression and epigenetic modulation. The clear appreciation of the role of ncRNAs in tumor immunity has opened new frontiers in cancer research and therapy. Furthermore, ncRNAs are increasingly acknowledged as a key factor influencing immunotherapeutic treatment outcomes. Here, we review the available evidence on the roles of ncRNAs in immunotherapy resistance, with an emphasis on the associated mechanisms behind ncRNA-mediated immune resistance. The clinical implications of immune-related ncRNAs are also discussed, shedding light on the potential ncRNA-based therapies to overcome the resistance to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Arumi-Planas M, Rodriguez-Baena FJ, Cabello-Torres F, Gracia F, Lopez-Blau C, Nieto MA, Sanchez-Laorden B. Microenvironmental Snail1-induced immunosuppression promotes melanoma growth. Oncogene 2023; 42:2659-2672. [PMID: 37516803 PMCID: PMC10473961 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer due to its high metastatic abilities and resistance to therapies. Melanoma cells reside in a heterogeneous tumour microenvironment that acts as a crucial regulator of its progression. Snail1 is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition transcription factor expressed during development and reactivated in pathological situations including fibrosis and cancer. In this work, we show that Snail1 is activated in the melanoma microenvironment, particularly in fibroblasts. Analysis of mouse models that allow stromal Snail1 depletion and therapeutic Snail1 blockade indicate that targeting Snail1 in the tumour microenvironment decreases melanoma growth and lung metastatic burden, extending mice survival. Transcriptomic analysis of melanoma-associated fibroblasts and analysis of the tumours indicate that stromal Snail1 induces melanoma growth by promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment and a decrease in anti-tumour immunity. This study unveils a novel role of Snail1 in melanoma biology and supports its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisco Gracia
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | | | - M Angela Nieto
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Ono K, Sato J, Suzuki H, Sawada M. Distribution of Signal Peptides in Microvesicles from Activated Macrophage Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12131. [PMID: 37569508 PMCID: PMC10418841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, such as microvesicles (LEV) and exosomes (SEV), play an important role in intercellular signaling by encapsulating functional molecules and delivering them to specific cells. Recent studies showed that signal peptides (SPs), which are derived from sequences at the N-terminal of newly synthesized proteins, exhibited biological activity in the extracellular fluid. We previously reported that SPs were secreted into the extracellular fluid via SEV; however, it remains unclear whether the release of SPs occurs via LEV. In the present study, we demonstrated that SP fragments from human placental secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) were present in LEV as well as SEV released from RAW-Blue cells, which stably express an NF-κB-inducible SEAP reporter. When RAW-Blue cells were treated with LPS at 0-10,000 ng/mL, SEAP SP fragments per particle were more abundant in LEV than in SEV, with fragments in LEV and SEV reaching a maximum at 1000 and 100 ng/mL, respectively. The content of SEAP SP fragments in LEV from IFNγ-stimulated RAW-Blue cells was higher than those from TNFα-stimulated cells, whereas that in SEV from TNFα-stimulated RAW-Blue cells was higher than those from IFNγ-stimulated cells. Moreover, the content of SEAP SP fragments in LEV and SEV decreased in the presence of W13, a calmodulin inhibitor. Collectively, these results indicate that the transportation of SP fragments to extracellular vesicles was changed by cellular activation, and calmodulin was involved in their transportation to LEV and SEV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ono
- Department of Brain Function, Division of Stress Adaptation and Protection, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junpei Sato
- Department of Brain Function, Division of Stress Adaptation and Protection, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiromi Suzuki
- Department of Brain Function, Division of Stress Adaptation and Protection, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sawada
- Department of Brain Function, Division of Stress Adaptation and Protection, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi, Japan
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Mortensen REJ, Holmström MO, Lisle TL, Hasselby JP, Willemoe GL, Met Ö, Marie Svane I, Johansen J, Nielsen DL, Chen IM, Andersen MH. Pre-existing TGF-β-specific T-cell immunity in patients with pancreatic cancer predicts survival after checkpoint inhibitors combined with radiotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006432. [PMID: 36948507 PMCID: PMC10040073 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-specific T cells that recognize TGF-β-expressing immune regulatory cells have been described in patients with cancer. TGF-β-derived peptide vaccination modulates the tumor microenvironment and has shown clinical effects in animal models of pancreatic cancer (PC). TGF-β-expressing regulatory cells are especially elevated in PC and may prevent the clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Thus, in the present study we investigated the significance of TGF-β-specific T-cell immunity in patients with PC treated with ICI combined with radiotherapy in a randomized phase 2 study (CheckPAC). METHODS Immune responses to a TGF-β-derived epitope entitled TGF-β-15 as well as epitopes from Clostridium tetani (tetanus) and influenza were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with interferon-ɣ enzyme-linked immunospot assays. PBMCs were isolated before and after treatment. Correlations between immune response data and clinical data were evaluated with parametric and non-parametric statistical methods. Survival was analyzed with univariate and multivariate Cox-regression. TGF-β-15 specific T cells were isolated and expanded and examined for recognition of autologous regulatory immune cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS PBMCs from 32 patients were analyzed for immune responses to the TGF-β-derived epitope entitled TGF-β-15. Patients with a strong TGF-β-specific immune response at treatment initiation had longer progression-free and overall survival, compared with patients with a weak or no TGF-β-specific immune response. This remained significant in multivariate analysis. Patients with weak and strong TGF-β-specific responses displayed similar responses towards viral antigens. Furthermore, we show that TGF-β-specific T cells from a clinical responder specifically reacted to and lysed autologous, regulatory immune cells. Finally, mimicking a TGF-β-15 vaccination, we showed that repeated stimulations with the TGF-β-15 epitope in vitro enhanced the immune response to TGF-β-15. CONCLUSION A strong TGF-β-15 specific immune response was associated with clinical benefit and improved survival after ICI/radiotherapy for patients with PC. Importantly, the lack of TGF-β-specific T cells in some patients was not caused by a general immune dysfunction. TGF-β-specific T cells recognized regulatory immune cells and could be introduced in vitro in patients without spontaneous responses. Taken together, our data suggest that combining TGF-β-based vaccination with ICI/radiotherapy will be beneficial for patients with PC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morten Orebo Holmström
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jane P Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro L Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Julia Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Dorte L Nielsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inna M Chen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Habanjar O, Bingula R, Decombat C, Diab-Assaf M, Caldefie-Chezet F, Delort L. Crosstalk of Inflammatory Cytokines within the Breast Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044002. [PMID: 36835413 PMCID: PMC9964711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several immune and immunocompetent cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, adipocytes, natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells, are significantly correlated with the complex discipline of oncology. Cytotoxic innate and adaptive immune cells can block tumor proliferation, and others can prevent the immune system from rejecting malignant cells and provide a favorable environment for tumor progression. These cells communicate with the microenvironment through cytokines, a chemical messenger, in an endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine manner. These cytokines play an important role in health and disease, particularly in host immune responses to infection and inflammation. They include chemokines, interleukins (ILs), adipokines, interferons, colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which are produced by a wide range of cells, including immune cells, such as macrophages, B-cells, T-cells, and mast cells, as well as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, a variety of stromal cells, and some cancer cells. Cytokines play a crucial role in cancer and cancer-related inflammation, with direct and indirect effects on tumor antagonistic or tumor promoting functions. They have been extensively researched as immunostimulatory mediators to promote the generation, migration and recruitment of immune cells that contribute to an effective antitumor immune response or pro-tumor microenvironment. Thus, in many cancers such as breast cancer, cytokines including leptin, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, IL-17, and IL-10 stimulate while others including IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ, inhibit cancer proliferation and/or invasion and enhance the body's anti-tumor defense. Indeed, the multifactorial functions of cytokines in tumorigenesis will advance our understanding of cytokine crosstalk pathways in the tumor microenvironment, such as JAK/STAT, PI3K, AKT, Rac, MAPK, NF-κB, JunB, cFos, and mTOR, which are involved in angiogenesis, cancer proliferation and metastasis. Accordingly, targeting and blocking tumor-promoting cytokines or activating and amplifying tumor-inhibiting cytokines are considered cancer-directed therapies. Here, we focus on the role of the inflammatory cytokine system in pro- and anti-tumor immune responses, discuss cytokine pathways involved in immune responses to cancer and some anti-cancer therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Habanjar
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rea Bingula
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Caroline Decombat
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Equipe Tumorigénèse Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Anticancéreuse, Faculté des Sciences II, Université Libanaise Fanar, Beyrouth 1500, Lebanon
| | - Florence Caldefie-Chezet
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laetitia Delort
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence:
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Duan W, Dong Z, Huang Y. TRIM33/RORγt signaling pathway promoted immune inflammation in mice of AE through miR-338-3p/Circ RNA 001076. Minerva Med 2023; 114:121-123. [PMID: 32683853 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Duan
- Department of Neurology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Department of Neurology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Yudiao Huang
- Department of Neurology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China -
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Bogacka J, Pawlik K, Ciapała K, Ciechanowska A, Mika J. CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415638. [PMID: 36555280 PMCID: PMC9779674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors participate in many biological processes, including the modulation of neuroimmune interactions. Approximately fifty chemokines are distinguished in humans, which are classified into four subfamilies based on the N-terminal conserved cysteine motifs: CXC, CC, C, and CX3C. Chemokines activate specific receptors localized on the surface of various immune and nervous cells. Approximately twenty chemokine receptors have been identified, and each of these receptors is a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor. Recent studies provide new evidence that CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is important in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, asthma, dermatitis, and cancer. This review briefly characterizes CCR4 and its ligands (CCL17, CCL22, and CCL2), and their contributions to immunological and neoplastic diseases. The review notes a significant role of CCR4 in nociceptive transmission, especially in painful neuropathy, which accompanies many diseases. The pharmacological blockade of CCR4 seems beneficial because of its pain-relieving effects and its influence on opioid efficacy. The possibilities of using the CCL2/CCL17/CCL22/CCR4 axis as a target in new therapies for many diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Mika
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-12-6623-298; Fax: +48-12-6374-500
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12
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Weis-Banke SE, Lisle TL, Perez-Penco M, Schina A, Hübbe ML, Siersbæk M, Holmström MO, Jørgensen MA, Marie Svane I, Met Ö, Ødum N, Madsen DH, Donia M, Grøntved L, Andersen MH. Arginase-2-specific cytotoxic T cells specifically recognize functional regulatory T cells. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005326. [PMID: 36316062 PMCID: PMC9628693 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High expression of the metabolic enzyme arginase-2 (ARG2) by cancer cells, regulatory immune cells, or cells of the tumor stroma can reduce the availability of arginine (L-Arg) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Depletion of L-Arg has detrimental consequences for T cells and leads to T-cell dysfunction and suppression of anticancer immune responses. Previous work from our group has demonstrated the presence of proinflammatory ARG2-specific CD4 T cells that inhibited tumor growth in murine models on activation with ARG2-derived peptides. In this study, we investigated the natural occurrence of ARG2-specific CD8 T cells in both healthy donors (HDs) and patients with cancer, along with their immunomodulatory capabilities in the context of the TME. Materials and methods A library of 15 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted ARG2-derived peptides were screened in HD peripheral blood mononuclear cells using interferon gamma (IFN-γ) ELISPOT. ARG2-specific CD8 T-cell responses were identified using intracellular cytokine staining and ARG2-specific CD8 T-cell cultures were established by enrichment and rapid expansion following in vitro peptide stimulation. The reactivity of the cultures toward ARG2-expressing cells, including cancer cell lines and activated regulatory T cells (Tregs), was assessed using IFN-γ ELISPOT and a chromium release assay. The Treg signature was validated based on proliferation suppression assays, flow cytometry and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). In addition, vaccinations with ARG2-derived epitopes were performed in the murine Pan02 tumor model, and induction of ARG2-specific T-cell responses was evaluated with IFN-γ ELISPOT. RNAseq and subsequent GO-term and ImmuCC analysis was performed on the tumor tissue. Results We describe the existence of ARG2-specific CD8+ T cells and demonstrate these CD8+ T-cell responses in both HDs and patients with cancer. ARG2-specific T cells recognize and react to an ARG2-derived peptide presented in the context of HLA-B8 and exert their cytotoxic function against cancer cells with endogenous ARG2 expression. We demonstrate that ARG2-specific T cells can specifically recognize and react to activated Tregs with high ARG2 expression. Finally, we observe tumor growth suppression and antitumorigenic immunomodulation following ARG2 vaccination in an in vivo setting. Conclusion These findings highlight the ability of ARG2-specific T cells to modulate the immunosuppressive TME and suggest that ARG2-based immunomodulatory vaccines may be an interesting option for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Thomas Landkildehus Lisle
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maria Perez-Penco
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Aimilia Schina
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mie Linder Hübbe
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Majken Siersbæk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Orebo Holmström
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe Jørgensen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Hargbøl Madsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Donia
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lars Grøntved
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Herlev, Denmark .,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
The identification and characterization of tumor antigens are central objectives in developing anti-cancer immunotherapy. Traditionally, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are considered relatively restricted to tumor cells (i.e., overexpressed proteins in tumor cells), whereas tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) are considered unique to tumor cells. Recent studies have focused on identifying patient-specific neoantigens, which might be highly immunogenic because they are not expressed in normal tissues. The opposite strategy has emerged with the discovery of anti-regulatory T cells (anti-Tregs) that recognize and attack many cell types in the tumor microenvironment, such as regulatory immune cells, in addition to tumor cells. The term proposed in this review is "tumor microenvironment antigens" (TMAs) to describe the antigens that draw this attack. As therapeutic targets, TMAs offer several advantages that differentiate them from more traditional tumor antigens. Targeting TMAs leads not only to a direct attack on tumor cells but also to modulation of the tumor microenvironment, rendering it immunocompetent and tumor-hostile. Of note, in contrast to TAAs and TSAs, TMAs also are expressed in non-transformed cells with consistent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression. Inflammation often induces HLA expression in malignant cells, so that targeting TMAs could additionally affect tumors with no or very low levels of surface HLA expression. This review defines the characteristics, differences, and advantages of TMAs compared with traditional tumor antigens and discusses the use of these antigens in immune modulatory vaccines as an attractive approach to immunotherapy. Different TMAs are expressed by different cells and could be combined in anti-cancer immunotherapies to attack tumor cells directly and modulate local immune cells to create a tumor-hostile microenvironment and inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Immune modulatory vaccines offer an approach for combinatorial therapy with additional immunotherapy including checkpoint blockade, cellular therapy, or traditional cancer vaccines. These combinations would increase the number of patients who can benefit from such therapeutic measures, which all have optimal efficiency in inflamed tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 5th floor, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Lecoq I, Kopp KL, Chapellier M, Mantas P, Martinenaite E, Perez-Penco M, Rønn Olsen L, Zocca MB, Wakatsuki Pedersen A, Andersen MH. CCL22-based peptide vaccines induce anti-cancer immunity by modulating tumor microenvironment. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2115655. [PMID: 36052217 PMCID: PMC9427044 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2115655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CCL22 is a macrophage-derived immunosuppressive chemokine that recruits regulatory T cells through the CCL22:CCR4 axis. CCL22 was shown to play a key role in suppressing anti-cancer immune responses in different cancer types. Recently, we showed that CCL22-specific T cells generated from cancer patients could kill CCL22-expressing tumor cells and directly influence the levels of CCL22 in vitro. The present study aimed to provide a rationale for developing a CCL22-targeting immunotherapy. Vaccination with CCL22-derived peptides induced CCL22-specific T-cell responses in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, assessed by interferon-γ secretion ex vivo. Anti-tumor efficacy of the peptides was evaluated in mouse models engrafted with syngeneic tumor models showing a reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival of the treated mice. Vaccination induced changes in the cellular composition of immune cells that infiltrated the tumor microenvironment assessed with multicolor flow cytometry. In particular, the infiltration of CD8+ cells and M1 macrophages increased, which increased the CD8/Treg and the M1/M2 macrophage ratio. This study provided preclinical evidence that targeting CCL22 with CCL22 peptide vaccines modulated the immune milieu in the tumor microenvironment. This modulation led to an augmentation of anti-tumor responses. This study provided a rationale for developing a novel immunotherapeutic modality in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Lecoq
- Department of Research and Development, IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Katharina L Kopp
- Department of Research and Development, IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marion Chapellier
- Department of Research and Development, IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Panagiotis Mantas
- Section for Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- Department of Research and Development, IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maria Perez-Penco
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lars Rønn Olsen
- Section for Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mai-Britt Zocca
- Department of Research and Development, IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Guo Y, Guo H, Zhang Y, Cui J. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-special immunity and immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:908894. [PMID: 35958559 PMCID: PMC9359062 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.908894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene play a key role in the development of various human tumors, and targeted therapy has transformed the treatment paradigm for these oncogene-driven tumors. However, primary or acquired resistance remains a challenge. ALK gene variants (such as gene rearrangements and mutations) also play a key role in the tumor immune microenvironment. Immunotherapy targeting the ALK gene has potential clinical applications. Here, we review the results of recent studies on the immunological relevance of ALK-altered tumors, which provides important insights into the development of tumor immunotherapies targeting this large class of tumors.
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16
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Wu X, Li S, Chen D, Zheng G, Zhang Z, Li Z, Sun X, Zhao Q, Xu J. An inflammatory response-related gene signature associated with immune status and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4898-4917. [PMID: 35958446 PMCID: PMC9360836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prognostic significance of inflammatory response-associated genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS Transcriptomic profiles and related clinical information of AML patients were acquired from a public database. To establish a multi-gene prognosis signature, we performed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox analysis for the TCGA cohort and evaluated the ICGC cohort for verification. Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier analysis was carried out to compare the overall survival (OS) rates between high- and low-risk groups. Biological function and single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) analyses were employed to investigate the association of risk score with immune status and the tumor microenvironment. Prognostic gene expression levels in AML samples and normal controls were confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. RESULTS We identified a potential inflammatory response-related signature comprising 11 differentially expressed genes, including ACVR2A, CCL22, EBI3, EDN1, FFAR2, HRH1, ICOSLG, IL-10, INHBA, ITGB3, and LAMP3, and found that AML patients with high expression levels in the high-risk group had poor OS rates. Biological function analyses revealed that prognostic genes mainly participated in inflammation and immunity signaling pathways. Analyses of cancer-infiltrating immunocytes indicated that in high-risk patients, the immune suppressive microenvironment was significantly affected. The expression of the inflammation reaction-associated signature was found to be associated with susceptibility to chemotherapy. There was a significant difference in prognostic gene expression between AML and control tissues. CONCLUSION A novel inflammatory response-related signature was developed with 11 candidate genes to predict prognosis and immune status in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shiqin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Dongjie Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Guiping Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007, Qinghai, China
| | - Zian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Qinghai Provincial People’s HospitalXining 810007, Qinghai, China
| | - Jingjuan Xu
- Department of Outpatient, The First People’s Hospital of ChangzhouChangzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Gong B, Guo D, Zheng C, Ma Z, Zhang J, Qu Y, Li X, Li G, Zhang L, Wang Y. Complement C3a activates astrocytes to promote medulloblastoma progression through TNF-α. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:159. [PMID: 35725556 PMCID: PMC9208237 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Approximately one-third of MB patients remain incurable. Understanding the molecular mechanism of MB tumorigenesis is, therefore, critical for developing specific and effective treatment strategies. Our previous work demonstrated that astrocytes constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME) of MB and play an indispensable role in MB progression. However, the underlying mechanisms by which astrocytes are regulated and activated to promote MB remain elusive. Methods By taking advantage of Math1-Cre/Ptch1loxp/loxp mice, which spontaneously develop MB, primary MB cells and astrocytes were isolated and then subjected to administration and coculture in vitro. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to determine the presence of C3a in MB sections. MB cell proliferation was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. GFAP and cytokine expression levels in C3a-stimulated astrocytes were assessed by immunofluorescent staining, western blotting, q-PCR and ELISA. C3a receptor and TNF-α receptor expression was determined by PCR and immunofluorescent staining. p38 MAPK pathway activation was detected by western blotting. Transplanted MB mice were treated with a C3a receptor antagonist or TNF-α receptor antagonist to investigate their role in MB progression in vivo. Results We found that complement C3a, a fragment released from intact complement C3 following complement activation, was enriched in both human and murine MB tumor tissue, and its receptor was highly expressed on tumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs). We demonstrated that C3a activated astrocytes and promoted MB cell proliferation via the p38 MAPK pathway. Moreover, we discovered that C3a upregulated the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α in astrocytes. Application of the conditioned medium of C3a-stimulated astrocytes promoted MB cell proliferation, which was abolished by preincubation with a TNF-α receptor antagonist, indicating a TNF-α-dependent event. Indeed, we further demonstrated that administration of a selective C3a receptor or TNF-α receptor antagonist to mice subcutaneously transplanted with MB suppressed tumor progression in vivo. Conclusions C3a was released during MB development. C3a triggered astrocyte activation and TNF-α production via the p38 pathway, which promoted MB cell proliferation. Our findings revealed the novel role of C3a-mediated TNF-α production by astrocytes in MB progression. These findings imply that targeting C3a and TNF-α may represent a potential novel therapeutic approach for human MB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02516-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Gong
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Duancheng Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chaonan Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanghui Qu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gen Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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18
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Zhang W, Xiang L, Yin Z, Xu H, Lu P, Ma Y, Xiong L, Zhang X, Liang X, Luo J, Liang X. circ_0004140 promotes LUAD tumor progression and immune resistance through circ_0004140/miR-1184/CCL22 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:181. [PMID: 35396377 PMCID: PMC8993797 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00983-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly prevalent cancer with high mortality. Immune resistance and tumor metastasis are the pivotal factors for the promotion of LUAD. CircRNAs have been revealed a crucial pre-clinical diagnostic and therapeutic potentials in LUAD. Herein, we identify a novel circRNA (circ_0004140), derived from the oncogene YAP1, which is up-regulated in LUAD. The high expression of circ_0004140 is correlated with poor prognosis and CTL cells dysfunction in LUAD patients. Knockdown of circ_0004140 regulated LUAD cells proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Mechanistically, circ_0004140 served as a sponge of miR-1184 targeting C-C motif chemokine ligand 22(CCL22). Overexpression of CCL22 reversed the inhibitory effect induced by si-circ_0004140 on cells proliferation and migration. Moreover, we also revealed that elevated circ_ooo4140 was related to cytotoxic lymphocyte exhaustion, and a combination therapy of C-021 (CCL22/CCR4 axis inhibitor) and anti-PD-1 attenuated LUAD promotion and immune resistance. In conclusion, circ_0004140 may drive resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, providing a novel potential therapeutic target for LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- School of life science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wangli Zhang
- School of life science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lanxin Xiang
- School of life science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhucheng Yin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiangchen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinjun Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, Hongshan District, 430079, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
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19
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Liang H, Peng J. LncRNA HOTAIR promotes proliferation, invasion and migration in NSCLC cells via the CCL22 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263997. [PMID: 35176085 PMCID: PMC8853541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a new type of regulatory RNA. LncRNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is one of the key determinants of tumor progression. However, its possible molecular mechanism and the immunomodulatory pathway involved in NSCLC are still unclear. This study aims to explore whether HOTAIR promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of the NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 22 (CCL22). We collected 30 clinical samples of cancer and adjacent normal tissues from the patients with NSCLC, using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to detect the LncRNA HOTAIR and CCL22 mRNA expression in tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of CCL22 in cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Cell experiments were conducted to verify that LncRNA HOTAIR regulates the expression of CCL22 and participates in the progress of NSCLC. The antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) probe interfering with LncRNA HOTAIR and the interference fragment of CCL22 (si-CCL22) were constructed. A549 cells were co-transfected with ASO-HOTAIR and si-CCL22. We used RT-qPCR to detect the expression of LncRNA HOTAIR and CCL22 mRNA in the cells, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used to detect the CCL22 protein level in the cell supernatant. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay was applied to detect cell proliferation, the Flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis. Finally, the Transwell test was utilized to detect cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, this study suggests that HOTAIR may promote proliferation, migration and invasion of the NSCLC cells by inhibiting CCL22 expression, which may play a key role in NSCLC cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Liang
- Chemotherapy Department, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jiewen Peng
- Chemotherapy Department, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Wang H, Luo K, Guan Z, Li Z, Xiang J, Ou S, Tao Y, Ran S, Ye J, Ma T, Qiao T, Zhang Z, Jin Y, Song Y, Huang R. Identification of the Crucial Role of CCL22 in F. nucleatum-Related Colorectal Tumorigenesis that Correlates With Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Checkpoint Therapy. Front Genet 2022; 13:811900. [PMID: 35295948 PMCID: PMC8918684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.811900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant cancer worldwide with the second highest mortality. Gut microbiota can educate the tumor microenvironment (TME), consequently influencing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most crucial bacteria contributing to colorectal tumorigenesis, but the molecular mechanisms between F. nucleatum and TME or ICIs are poorly investigated. In the present study, we firstly analyzed differentially expressed genes and the biological functions between F. nucleatum-infected and uninfected CRC cell lines, with the findings that CCL22 mRNA expression was markedly upregulated after F. nucleatum infection. Moreover, the survival analysis showed that CCL22 was significantly associated with the overall survival of CRC patients. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis suggested that CCL22 was related to immune-related terms. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE analysis indicated that the high-CCL22-expression subgroup had a higher immune/stromal/estimate score and lower tumor purity. The CIBERSORT analysis indicated that the high-CCL22-expression group had more immune-suppressive cells and less antitumor immune cells. In addition, immune checkpoint genes and cytotoxic genes were positively correlated with CCL22 expression. The immunophenoscore analysis suggested that CCL22 was associated with the IPS-CTLA4 and PD1/PD-L1/PD-L2 score. Interestingly, CCL22 expression in the KRAS and APC mutation groups was markedly reduced compared to that of the wild groups. In summary, our study provided evidence that CCL22 might play a crucial role in F. nucleatum-related colorectal tumorigenesis and correlate with TME and ICIs, which deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hufei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kangjia Luo
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Guan
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Suwen Ou
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangbao Tao
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Songlin Ran
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhua Ye
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyu Qiao
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinghu Jin
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yanni Song, ; Yinghu Jin,
| | - Yanni Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yanni Song, ; Yinghu Jin,
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yanni Song, ; Yinghu Jin,
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21
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Codrici E, Popescu ID, Tanase C, Enciu AM. Friends with Benefits: Chemokines, Glioblastoma-Associated Microglia/Macrophages, and Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052509. [PMID: 35269652 PMCID: PMC8910233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and has the greatest prevalence of all brain tumors. Treatment resistance and tumor recurrence in GBM are mostly explained by considerable alterations within the tumor microenvironment, as well as extraordinary cellular and molecular heterogeneity. Soluble factors, extracellular matrix components, tissue-resident cell types, resident or newly recruited immune cells together make up the GBM microenvironment. Regardless of many immune cells, a profound state of tumor immunosuppression is supported and developed, posing a considerable hurdle to cancer cells' immune-mediated destruction. Several studies have suggested that various GBM subtypes present different modifications in their microenvironment, although the importance of the microenvironment in treatment response has yet to be determined. Understanding the microenvironment and how it changes after therapies is critical because it can influence the remaining invasive GSCs and lead to recurrence. This review article sheds light on the various components of the GBM microenvironment and their roles in tumoral development, as well as immune-related biological processes that support the interconnection/interrelationship between different cell types. Also, we summarize the current understanding of the modulation of soluble factors and highlight the dysregulated inflammatory chemokine/specific receptors cascades/networks and their significance in tumorigenesis, cancer-related inflammation, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Codrici
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (I.-D.P.); (A.-M.E.)
| | - Ionela-Daniela Popescu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (I.-D.P.); (A.-M.E.)
| | - Cristiana Tanase
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (I.-D.P.); (A.-M.E.)
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22
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Peckert-Maier K, Schönberg A, Wild AB, Royzman D, Braun G, Stich L, Hadrian K, Tripal P, Cursiefen C, Steinkasserer A, Zinser E, Bock F. Pre-incubation of corneal donor tissue with sCD83 improves graft survival via the induction of alternatively activated macrophages and tolerogenic dendritic cells. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:438-454. [PMID: 34467638 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses reflect a complex interplay of cellular and extracellular components which define the microenvironment of a tissue. Therefore, factors that locally influence the microenvironment and re-establish tolerance might be beneficial to mitigate immune-mediated reactions, including the rejection of a transplant. In this study, we demonstrate that pre-incubation of donor tissue with the immune modulator soluble CD83 (sCD83) significantly improves graft survival using a high-risk corneal transplantation model. The induction of tolerogenic mechanisms in graft recipients was achieved by a significant upregulation of Tgfb, Foxp3, Il27, and Il10 in the transplant and an increase of regulatory dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages (Mφ), and T cells (Tregs) in eye-draining lymph nodes. The presence of sCD83 during in vitro DC and Mφ generation directed these cells toward a tolerogenic phenotype leading to reduced proliferation-stimulating activity in MLRs. Mechanistically, sCD83 induced a tolerogenic Mφ and DC phenotype, which favors Treg induction and significantly increased transplant survival after adoptive cell transfer. Conclusively, pre-incubation of corneal grafts with sCD83 significantly prolongs graft survival by modulating recipient Mφ and DCs toward tolerance and thereby establishing a tolerogenic microenvironment. This functional strategy of donor graft pre-treatment paves the way for new therapeutic options in the field of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Peckert-Maier
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfrun Schönberg
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas B Wild
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmytro Royzman
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Braun
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karina Hadrian
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Tripal
- Optical Imaging Centre, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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Bendtsen SK, Perez-Penco M, Hübbe ML, Martinenaite E, Orebo Holmström M, Weis-Banke SE, Grønne Dahlager Jørgensen N, Jørgensen MA, Munir Ahmad S, Jensen KM, Friese C, Lundsager MT, Johansen AZ, Carretta M, Ødum N, Met Ö, Svane IM, Madsen DH, Andersen MH. Peptide vaccination activating Galectin-3-specific T cells offers a novel means to target Galectin-3-expressing cells in the tumor microenvironment. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2026020. [PMID: 35111385 PMCID: PMC8802901 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2026020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal3) can be expressed by many cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, and regulatory T cells (Tregs). In addition to immunosuppression, Gal3 expression has been connected to malignant cell transformation, tumor progression, and metastasis. In the present study, we found spontaneous T-cell responses against Gal3-derived peptides in PBMCs from both healthy donors and cancer patients. We isolated and expanded these Gal3-specific T cells in vitro and showed that they could directly recognize target cells that expressed Gal3. Finally, therapeutic vaccination with a long Gal3-derived peptide epitope, which induced the expansion of Gal3-specific CD8+ T cells in vivo, showed a significant tumor-growth delay in mice inoculated with EO771.LMB metastatic mammary tumor cells. This was associated with a significantly lower percentage of both Tregs and tumor-infiltrating Gal3+ cells in the non-myeloid CD45+CD11b− compartment and with an alteration of the T-cell memory populations in the spleens of Gal3-vaccinated mice. These results suggest that by activating Gal3-specific T cells by an immune-modulatory vaccination, we can target Gal3-producing cells in the TME, and thereby induce a more immune permissive TME. This indicates that Gal3 could be a novel target for therapeutic cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kloch Bendtsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maria Perez-Penco
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mie Linder Hübbe
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Morten Orebo Holmström
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Grønne Dahlager Jørgensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe Jørgensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Shamaila Munir Ahmad
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kasper Mølgaard Jensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Christina Friese
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mia Thorup Lundsager
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Astrid Zedlitz Johansen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Carretta
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Daniel Hargbøl Madsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Payload Delivery: Engineering Immune Cells to Disrupt the Tumour Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236000. [PMID: 34885108 PMCID: PMC8657158 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown impressive clinical success against haematological malignancies such as B cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, their efficacy against non-haematological solid malignancies has been largely disappointing. Solid tumours pose many additional challenges for CAR T cells that have severely blunted their potency, including homing to the sites of disease, survival and persistence within the adverse conditions of the tumour microenvironment, and above all, the highly immunosuppressive nature of the tumour milieu. Gene engineering approaches for generating immune cells capable of overcoming these hurdles remain an unmet therapeutic need and ongoing area of research. Recent advances have involved gene constructs for membrane-bound and/or secretable proteins that provide added effector cell function over and above the benefits of classical CAR-mediated cytotoxicity, rendering immune cells not only as direct cytotoxic effectors against tumours, but also as vessels for payload delivery capable of both modulating the tumour microenvironment and orchestrating innate and adaptive anti-tumour immunity. We discuss here the novel concept of engineered immune cells as vessels for payload delivery into the tumour microenvironment, how these cells are better adapted to overcome the challenges faced in a solid tumour, and importantly, the novel gene engineering approaches required to deliver these more complex polycistronic gene constructs.
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25
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Toxoplasma gondii GRA28 Is Required for Placenta-Specific Induction of the Regulatory Chemokine CCL22 in Human and Mouse. mBio 2021; 12:e0159121. [PMID: 34781732 PMCID: PMC8593671 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01591-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan pathogen of humans that can cross the placenta and result in adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term birth defects. The mechanisms used by T. gondii to cross the placenta are unknown, but complex interactions with the host immune response are likely to play a role in dictating infection outcomes during pregnancy. Prior work showed that T. gondii infection dramatically and specifically increases the secretion of the immunomodulatory chemokine CCL22 in human placental cells during infection. Given the important role of this chemokine during pregnancy, we hypothesized that CCL22 induction was driven by a specific T. gondii-secreted effector. Using a combination of bioinformatics and molecular genetics, we have now identified T. gondii GRA28 as the gene product required for CCL22 induction. GRA28 is secreted into the host cell, where it localizes to the nucleus, and deletion of the GRA28 gene results in reduced CCL22 placental cells as well as a human monocyte cell line. The impact of GRA28 on CCL22 production is also conserved in mouse immune and placental cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, parasites lacking GRA28 are impaired in their ability to disseminate throughout the animal, suggesting a link between CCL22 induction and the ability of the parasite to cause disease. Overall, these data demonstrate a clear function for GRA28 in altering the immunomodulatory landscape during infection of both placental and peripheral immune cells and show a clear impact of this immunomodulation on infection outcome. IMPORTANCE Toxoplasma gondii is a globally ubiquitous pathogen that can cause severe disease in HIV/AIDS patients and can also cross the placenta and infect the developing fetus. We have found that placental and immune cells infected with T. gondii secrete significant amounts of a chemokine (called CCL22) that is critical for immune tolerance during pregnancy. In order to better understand whether this is a response by the host or a process that is driven by the parasite, we have identified a T. gondii gene that is absolutely required to induce CCL22 production in human cells, indicating that CCL22 production is a process driven almost entirely by the parasite rather than the host. Consistent with its role in immune tolerance, we also found that T. gondii parasites lacking this gene are less able to proliferate and disseminate throughout the host. Taken together, these data illustrate a direct relationship between CCL22 levels in the infected host and a key parasite effector and provide an interesting example of how T. gondii can directly modulate host signaling pathways in order to facilitate its growth and dissemination.
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26
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Ideta T, Li B, Flynn C, Igarashi Y, Lowman G, Looney T, Devers TJ, Birk J, Forouhar F, Giardina C, Rosenberg DW. The Epithelial-Stromal Microenvironment in Early Colonic Neoplasia. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:56-61. [PMID: 34670862 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cells play a central role in promoting the progression of colorectal cancer. Here, we analyze molecular changes within the epithelial and stromal compartments of dysplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formed in the ascending colon, where rapidly developing interval cancers occur. We found strong activation of numerous neutrophil/monocyte chemokines, consistent with localized inflammation. The data also indicated a decrease in interferon signaling and cell-based immunity. The immune checkpoint and T-cell exhaustion gene PDCD1 was one of the most significantly upregulated genes, which was accompanied by a decrease in cytotoxic T-cell effector gene expression. In addition, CDKN2A expression was strongly upregulated in the stroma and downregulated in the epithelium, consistent with diverse changes in senescence-associated signaling on the two tissue compartments. IMPLICATIONS: Decreased CD8 T-cell infiltration within proximal colon ACF occurs within the context of a robust inflammatory response and potential stromal cell senescence, thus providing new insight into potential promotional drivers for tumors in the proximal colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayasu Ideta
- Center for Molecular Oncology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Boyang Li
- Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Christopher Flynn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Yuichi Igarashi
- Center for Molecular Oncology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | | | - Tim Looney
- ThermoFisher Scientific, South San Francisco, California
| | - Thomas J Devers
- Division of Gastroenterology, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - John Birk
- Division of Gastroenterology, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Faripour Forouhar
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, John Dempsey Hospital, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Charles Giardina
- Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Daniel W Rosenberg
- Center for Molecular Oncology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
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27
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Aaboe Jørgensen M, Ugel S, Linder Hübbe M, Carretta M, Perez-Penco M, Weis-Banke SE, Martinenaite E, Kopp K, Chapellier M, Adamo A, De Sanctis F, Frusteri C, Iezzi M, Zocca MB, Hargbøll Madsen D, Wakatsuki Pedersen A, Bronte V, Andersen MH. Arginase 1-Based Immune Modulatory Vaccines Induce Anticancer Immunity and Synergize with Anti-PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:1316-1326. [PMID: 34518197 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the L-arginine catabolizing enzyme arginase 1 (ARG1) is a central immunosuppressive mechanism mediated by tumor-educated myeloid cells. Increased activity of ARG1 promotes the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment and leads to a more aggressive phenotype in many cancers. Intrinsic T-cell immunity against ARG1-derived epitopes in the peripheral blood of cancer patients and healthy subjects has previously been demonstrated. To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of ARG1-derived peptide vaccines as a monotherapy and as a combinational therapy with checkpoint blockade, different in vivo syngeneic mouse tumor models were utilized. To evaluate the antitumor effects, flow cytometry analysis and IHC were performed on tumors, and ELISPOT assays were performed to characterize immune responses. We show that ARG1-targeting therapeutic vaccines were able to activate endogenous antitumor immunity in several in vivo syngeneic mouse tumor models and to modulate the cell composition of the tumor microenvironment without causing any associated side effects or systemic toxicity. ARG1-targeting vaccines in combination with anti-PD-1 also resulted in increased T-cell infiltration, decreased ARG1 expression, reduced suppressive function of tumor-educated myeloid cells, and a shift in the M1/M2 ratio of tumor-infiltrating macrophages. These results indicated that the induced shift toward a more proinflammatory microenvironment by ARG1-targeting immunotherapy favors effective tumor control when combined with anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade. Our data illustrate the ability of ARG1-based immune modulatory vaccination to elicit antigen-specific immunosurveillance and imply the feasibility of this novel immunotherapeutic approach for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Aaboe Jørgensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mie Linder Hübbe
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Carretta
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maria Perez-Penco
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Annalisa Adamo
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Frusteri
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Neurosciences Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Daniel Hargbøll Madsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark. .,IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Budczies J, Kirchner M, Kluck K, Kazdal D, Glade J, Allgäuer M, Kriegsmann M, Heußel CP, Herth FJ, Winter H, Meister M, Muley T, Goldmann T, Fröhling S, Wermke M, Waller CF, Tufman A, Reck M, Peters S, Schirmacher P, Thomas M, Christopoulos P, Stenzinger A. Deciphering the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in ALK- and EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:251-265. [PMID: 34125345 PMCID: PMC8783861 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02981-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The advent of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has led to significantly improved disease outcome in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), but response of ALK/EGFR-positive tumors to immune therapy is limited. The underlying immune biology is incompletely understood. Methods We performed comparative mRNA expression profiling of 31 ALK-positive, 40 EGFR-positive and 43 ALK/EGFR-negative lung ADC focused on immune gene expression. The presence and levels of tumor infiltration lymphocytes (TILs) as well as fourteen specific immune cell populations were estimated from the gene expression profiles. Results While total TILs were not lower in ALK-positive and EGFR-positive tumors compared to ALK/EGFR-negative tumors, specific immunosuppressive characteristics were detected in both subgroups: In ALK-positive tumors, regulatory T cells were significantly higher compared to EGFR-positive (fold change: FC = 1.9, p = 0.0013) and ALK/EGFR-negative tumors (FC = 2.1, p = 0.00047). In EGFR-positive tumors, cytotoxic cells were significantly lower compared to ALK-positive (FC = − 1.7, p = 0.016) and to ALK/EGFR-negative tumors (FC = − 2.1, p = 2.0E-05). A total number of 289 genes, 40 part of cytokine–cytokine receptor signaling, were differentially expressed between the three subgroups. Among the latter, five genes were differently expressed in both ALK-positive and EGFR-positive tumors, while twelve genes showed differential expression solely in ALK-positive tumors and eleven genes solely in EGFR-positive tumors. Conclusion Targeted gene expression profiling is a promising tool to read out tumor microenvironment characteristics from routine diagnostic lung cancer biopsies. Significant immune reactivity including specific immunosuppressive characteristics in ALK- and EGFR-positive lung ADC, but not a total absence of immune infiltration supports further clinical evaluation of immune-modulators as partners of ICB in such tumors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00262-021-02981-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Budczies
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Martina Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kluck
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kazdal
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Glade
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Allgäuer
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus-Peter Heußel
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology With Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix J Herth
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pneumology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hauke Winter
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Meister
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wermke
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cornelius F Waller
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amanda Tufman
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V and Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Reck
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Thomas
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik At Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petros Christopoulos
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik At Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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29
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Nicolay JP, Albrecht JD, Alberti-Violetti S, Berti E. CCR4 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Therapeutic targeting of a pathogenic driver. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1660-1671. [PMID: 33811642 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New treatments are needed for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), particularly for advanced mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS). The immunopathology of MF and SS is complex, but recent advances in tumor microenvironment understanding have identified CCR4 as a promising therapeutic target. CCR4 is widely expressed on malignant T cells and Tregs in the skin and peripheral blood of patients with MF and SS. The interaction of CCR4 with its dominant ligands CCL17 and CCL22 plays a critical role in the development and progression of CTCL, facilitating the movement into, and accumulation of, CCR4-expressing T cells in the skin, and recruiting CCR4-expressing Tregs into the tumor microenvironment. Expression of CCR4 is upregulated at all stages of MF and in SS, increasing with advancing disease. Several CCR4-targeted therapies are being evaluated, including "chemotoxins" targeting CCR4 via CCL17, CCR4-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapies, small-molecule CCR4 antagonists, and anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibodies. Only one is currently approved: mogamulizumab, a defucosylated, fully humanized, anti-CCR4, monoclonal antibody for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MF and SS. Clinical trial da1ta confirm that mogamulizumab is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for relapsed/refractory MF or SS, demonstrating the clinical value of targeting CCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Nicolay
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jana D Albrecht
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Silvia Alberti-Violetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, UOC Dermatologia, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Berti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, UOC Dermatologia, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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30
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Cavalcante RS, Ishikawa U, Silva ES, Silva-Júnior AA, Araújo AA, Cruz LJ, Chan AB, de Araújo Júnior RF. STAT3/NF-κB signalling disruption in M2 tumour-associated macrophages is a major target of PLGA nanocarriers/PD-L1 antibody immunomodulatory therapy in breast cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:2284-2304. [PMID: 33434950 PMCID: PMC8251773 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Inflammation associated with the tumour microenvironment (TME) is critical for cancer development, and immunotherapeutic strategies modulating the immune response in cancer have been crucial. In this study, a methotrexate‐loaded (MTX) poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)‐based (PLGA) drug nanocarrier covered with polyethyleneimine (Pei) and hyaluronic acid (HA) was developed and combined with an PD‐L1 antibody to investigate anti‐cancer and immunomodulatory effects in breast cancer TME. Experimental Approach Naked or HA‐coated PeiPLGA‐MTX nanoparticles (NPs) were assessed on 4T1 breast cancer cells grown in culture and in a mouse model of orthotopic tumour growth. Tumours were evaluated by qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. The cell death profile and cell migration were analysed in vitro in 4T1 cells. Polarization of murine macrophages (RAW cells) was also carried out. Key Results Naked or HA‐coated PeiPLGA‐MTX NPs used alone or combined with PD‐L1 antibody modified the tumourigenic course by TME immunomodulation, leading to reduction of primary tumour size and metastases. STAT3 and NF‐κB were the major genes downregulated by NPs. In tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) such regulation switched M2 phenotype (CD163) towards M1 (CD68) and reduced levels of IL‐10, TGF‐β and CCL22. Moreover, malignant cells showed overexpression of FADD, APAF‐1, caspase‐3 and E‐cadherin, and decreased expression of Bcl‐2, MDR‐1, survivin, vimentin, CXCR4 and PD‐L1 after treatment with NPs. Conclusion and Implications NPs‐mediated STAT3/NF‐κB signalling axis suppression disrupted crosstalk between immune and malignant cells, reducing immunosuppression and critical pro‐tumour events. These findings provide a promising therapeutic approach capable of guiding the immune TME to suppress the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo S Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Uta Ishikawa
- Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Emanuell S Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Arnóbio A Silva-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aurigena A Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alan B Chan
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Biotechnology Company, Percuros B. V, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raimundo F de Araújo Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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31
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Decipher the Glioblastoma Microenvironment: The First Milestone for New Groundbreaking Therapeutic Strategies. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030445. [PMID: 33804731 PMCID: PMC8003887 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumour in adults. Despite the combination of novel therapeutical approaches, it remains a deadly malignancy with an abysmal prognosis. GBM is a polymorphic tumour from both molecular and histological points of view. It consists of different malignant cells and various stromal cells, contributing to tumour initiation, progression, and treatment response. GBM’s microenvironment is multifaceted and is made up of soluble factors, extracellular matrix components, tissue-resident cell types (e.g., neurons, astrocytes, endothelial cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts) together with resident (e.g., microglia) or recruited (e.g., bone marrow-derived macrophages) immune cells. These latter constitute the so-called immune microenvironment, accounting for a substantial GBM’s tumour volume. Despite the abundance of immune cells, an intense state of tumour immunosuppression is promoted and developed; this represents the significant challenge for cancer cells’ immune-mediated destruction. Though literature data suggest that distinct GBM’s subtypes harbour differences in their microenvironment, its role in treatment response remains obscure. However, an in-depth investigation of GBM’s microenvironment may lead to novel therapeutic opportunities to improve patients’ outcomes. This review will elucidate the GBM’s microenvironment composition, highlighting the current state of the art in immunotherapy approaches. We will focus on novel strategies of active and passive immunotherapies, including vaccination, gene therapy, checkpoint blockade, and adoptive T-cell therapies.
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32
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da Costa Gonçalves F, Korevaar SS, Ortiz Virumbrales M, Baan CC, Reinders MEJ, Merino A, Lombardo E, Hoogduijn MJ. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Derived Membrane Particles Are Internalized by Macrophages and Endothelial Cells Through Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis and Phagocytosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:651109. [PMID: 33790914 PMCID: PMC8005704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are a promising therapy for inflammatory diseases. However, MSC are large and become trapped in the lungs after intravenous infusion, where they have a short survival time. To steer MSC immunoregulatory therapy beyond the lungs, we generated nm-sized particles from MSC membranes (membrane particles, MP), which have immunomodulatory properties, and investigated their internalization and mode of interaction in macrophages subtypes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) under control and inflammatory conditions. We found that macrophages and HUVEC take up MP in a dose, time, and temperature-dependent manner. Specific inhibitors for endocytotic pathways revealed that MP internalization depends on heparan sulfate proteoglycan-, dynamin-, and clathrin-mediated endocytosis but does not involve caveolin-mediated endocytosis. MP uptake also involved the actin cytoskeleton and phosphoinositide 3-kinase, which are implicated in macropinocytosis and phagocytosis. Anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages take up more MP than pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. In contrast, inflammatory conditions did not affect the MP uptake by HUVEC. Moreover, MP induced both anti- and pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and HUVEC by affecting gene expression and cell surface proteins. Our findings on the mechanisms of uptake of MP under different conditions help the development of target-cell specific MP therapy to modulate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiany da Costa Gonçalves
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander S Korevaar
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Carla C Baan
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marlies E J Reinders
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana Merino
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Transplantation Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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33
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Chen XT, Li ZW, Zhao X, Li ML, Hou PF, Chu SF, Zheng JN, Bai J. Role of Circular RNA in Kidney-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:615882. [PMID: 33776764 PMCID: PMC7990792 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.615882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is vital in maintaining fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base balance. Kidney-related diseases, which are an increasing public health issue, can happen to people of any age and at any time. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNA that are produced by selective RNA splicing and are involved in progression of various diseases. Studies have shown that various kidney diseases, including renal cell carcinoma, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease, are linked to circRNAs. This review outlines the characteristics and biological functions of circRNAs and discusses specific studies that provide insights into the function and potential of circRNAs for application in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tian Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Min-Le Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ping-Fu Hou
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Su-Fang Chu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun-Nian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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34
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Holmström MO, Mortensen REJ, Pavlidis AM, Martinenaite E, Weis-Banke SE, Aaboe-Jørgensen M, Bendtsen SK, Met Ö, Pedersen AW, Donia M, Svane IM, Andersen MH. Cytotoxic T cells isolated from healthy donors and cancer patients kill TGFβ-expressing cancer cells in a TGFβ-dependent manner. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:415-426. [PMID: 33408343 PMCID: PMC8027197 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a highly potent immunosuppressive cytokine. Although TGFβ is a tumor suppressor in early/premalignant cancer lesions, the cytokine has several tumor-promoting effects in advanced cancer; abrogation of the antitumor immune response is one of the most important tumor-promoting effects. As several immunoregulatory mechanisms have recently been shown to be targets of specific T cells, we hypothesized that TGFβ is targeted by naturally occurring specific T cells and thus could be a potential target for immunomodulatory cancer vaccination. Hence, we tested healthy donor and cancer patient T cells for spontaneous T-cell responses specifically targeting 38 20-mer epitopes derived from TGFβ1. We identified numerous CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against several epitopes in TGFβ. Additionally, several ex vivo responses were identified. By enriching specific T cells from different donors, we produced highly specific cultures specific to several TGFβ-derived epitopes. Cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell clones specific for both a 20-mer epitope and a 9-mer HLA-A2 restricted killed epitope peptide were pulsed in HLA-A2+ target cells and killed the HLA-A2+ cancer cell lines THP-1 and UKE-1. Additionally, stimulation of THP-1 cancer cells with cytokines that increased TGFβ expression increased the fraction of killed cells. In conclusion, we have shown that healthy donors and cancer patients harbor CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific for TGFβ-derived epitopes and that cytotoxic T cells with specificity toward TGFβ-derived epitopes are able to recognize and kill cancer cell lines in a TGFβ-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Orebo Holmström
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Angelos Michail Pavlidis
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe-Jørgensen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Simone Kloch Bendtsen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Marco Donia
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
- Institute for Immunology and Microbiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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35
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Mirlekar B, Pylayeva-Gupta Y. IL-12 Family Cytokines in Cancer and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E167. [PMID: 33418929 PMCID: PMC7825035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-12 family cytokines are a group of unique heterodimeric cytokines that include IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35 and, most recently, IL-39. Recent studies have solidified the importance of IL-12 cytokines in shaping innate and adaptive immune responses in cancer and identified multipronged roles for distinct IL-12 family members, ranging from effector to regulatory immune functions. These cytokines could serve as promising candidates for the development of immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches. Overall, IL-12 can be considered an effector cytokine and has been found to engage anti-tumor immunity by activating the effector Th1 response, which is required for the activation of cytotoxic T and NK cells and tumor clearance. IL-23 and IL-27 play dual roles in tumor immunity, as they can both activate effector immune responses and promote tumor growth by favoring immune suppression. IL-35 is a potent regulatory cytokine and plays a largely pro-tumorigenic role by inhibiting effector T cells. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on IL-12 family cytokines in the control of tumor growth with an emphasis primarily on immune regulation. We underscore the clinical implications for the use of these cytokines either in the setting of monotherapy or in combination with other conventional therapies for the more effective treatment of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhalchandra Mirlekar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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36
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Donlon NE, Sheppard A, Davern M, O’Connell F, Phelan JJ, Power R, Nugent T, Dinneen K, Aird J, Greene J, Nevins Selvadurai P, Bhardwaj A, Foley EK, Ravi N, Donohoe CL, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, O’Sullivan J, Dunne MR. Linking Circulating Serum Proteins with Clinical Outcomes in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma-An Emerging Role for Chemokines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113356. [PMID: 33202734 PMCID: PMC7698106 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer of the esophagus (food pipe) is an aggressive type of cancer with poor prognosis and rates are increasing. Current treatments help to prolong survival but only for a minority of patients, therefore there is an urgent need to discover why some people do not respond and to develop new and improved treatments. Newer treatments targeting the immune system show promise but the anti-tumor immune response in esophageal cancer is not well understood. This study measured levels of 54 immune markers in serum of patients with esophageal cancer and evaluated a link with patient clinical outcomes, e.g., survival time, response to treatment, and adverse events. We found that certain chemokines, proteins which control immune cell trafficking, were particularly high in patients who survived longer (CCL22 and CCL26) and responded to treatment (CCL4), suggesting the importance of immune cell movement in orchestrating an effective immune response to esophageal cancer. Abstract Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and incidence is increasing rapidly in the Western world. Multi-modal treatment has improved survival outcomes but only for a minority of patients. Currently no markers have been identified to predict treatment response. This study investigated the association between clinical outcomes and pre-treatment levels of 54 serum proteins in n = 80 patients with EAC. Low tumor regression grade (TRG), corresponding to a favorable treatment response, was linked to prolonged overall survival (OS). CCL4 was higher in patients with a favorable treatment response, while Tie2 and CRP were higher in poor responders. Elevated CCL22 and CCL26 was associated with improved OS, while elevated IL-10 showed a negative association. CCL3, CCL4, IL-1α and IL-12/IL23p40 were highest in individuals with no adverse features of tumor biology, whereas levels of Tie2 and VEGF were lowest in this cohort. CCL4 was also elevated in patients with high tumor lymphocyte infiltration. Comparison of matched pre- and post-treatment serum (n = 28) showed a large reduction in VEGFC, and a concomitant increase in other cytokines, including CCL4. These data link several serum markers with clinical outcomes, highlighting an important role for immune cell trafficking in the EAC antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel E. Donlon
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Andrew Sheppard
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Fiona O’Connell
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - James J. Phelan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Robert Power
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Timothy Nugent
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Kate Dinneen
- Department of Histopathology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (K.D.); (J.A.)
| | - John Aird
- Department of Histopathology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (K.D.); (J.A.)
| | - John Greene
- Department of Medical Oncology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (J.G.); (P.N.S.)
| | - Paul Nevins Selvadurai
- Department of Medical Oncology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (J.G.); (P.N.S.)
| | - Anshul Bhardwaj
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Emma K. Foley
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Narayanasamy Ravi
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Claire L. Donohoe
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John V. Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O’Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Margaret R. Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (N.E.D.); (A.S.); (M.D.); (F.O.); (J.J.P.); (R.P.); (T.N.); (A.B.); (E.K.F.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.); (J.O.)
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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37
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Oliveira ALCDSL, Zerillo L, Cruz LJ, Schomann T, Chan AB, de Carvalho TG, Souza SVDP, Araújo AA, de Geus-Oei LF, de Araújo Júnior RF. Maximizing the potency of oxaliplatin coated nanoparticles with folic acid for modulating tumor progression in colorectal cancer. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111678. [PMID: 33545840 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges of nanotechnology is to improve the efficacy of treatments for diseases, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. Following this line of study, we made a nanoparticle formulation with a small size, uniform surfaces, and a satisfactory encapsulation coefficient as a target for colorectal cancer cells. The results of binding and uptake prove that using the target system with folic acid works: Using this system, cytotoxicity and cell death are increased when compared to using free oxaliplatin. The data show that the system maximized the efficiency of oxaliplatin in modulating tumor progression, increasing apoptosis and decreasing resistance to the drug. Thus, for the first time, our findings suggest that PLGA-PEG-FA increases the antitumor effectiveness of oxaliplatin by functioning as a facilitator of drug delivery in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza C de S L Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands; Percuros B. V, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Luana Zerillo
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands; Percuros B. V, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Timo Schomann
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands; Percuros B. V, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Thaís Gomes de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands; Percuros B. V, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shirley Vitória de P Souza
- Graduation Student at Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aurigena A Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health and Pharmaceutical Science and Pharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Farmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Raimundo F de Araújo Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands; Percuros B. V, Leiden, the Netherlands; Graduation Student at Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59064 741 Natal, RN, Brazil.
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38
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Robles O, Jackson JJ, Marshall L, Talay O, Chian D, Cutler G, Diokno R, Hu DX, Jacobson S, Karbarz E, Kassner PD, Ketcham JM, McKinnell J, Meleza C, Reilly MK, Riegler E, Shunatona HP, Wadsworth A, Younai A, Brockstedt DG, Wustrow DJ, Zibinsky M. Novel Piperidinyl-Azetidines as Potent and Selective CCR4 Antagonists Elicit Antitumor Response as a Single Agent and in Combination with Checkpoint Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8584-8607. [PMID: 32667798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is broadly expressed on regulatory T cells (Treg) as well as other circulating and tissue-resident T cells. Treg can be recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME) through the C-C chemokines CCL17 and CCL22. Treg accumulation in the TME has been shown to dampen the antitumor immune response and is thought to be an important driver in tumor immune evasion. Preclinical and clinical data suggest that reducing the Treg population in the TME can potentiate the antitumor immune response of checkpoint inhibitors. We have developed small-molecule antagonists of CCR4, featuring a novel piperidinyl-azetidine motif, that inhibit the recruitment of Treg into the TME and elicit antitumor responses as a single agent or in combination with an immune checkpoint blockade. The discovery of these potent, selective, and orally bioavailable CCR4 antagonists, and their activity in in vitro and in vivo models, is described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Robles
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Jackson
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lisa Marshall
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Oezcan Talay
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David Chian
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Gene Cutler
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Raymond Diokno
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dennis X Hu
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Scott Jacobson
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Emily Karbarz
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paul D Kassner
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - John M Ketcham
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jenny McKinnell
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Cesar Meleza
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Maureen K Reilly
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Erin Riegler
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hunter P Shunatona
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Angela Wadsworth
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ashkaan Younai
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dirk G Brockstedt
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David J Wustrow
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mikhail Zibinsky
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Weis-Banke SE, Hübbe ML, Holmström MO, Jørgensen MA, Bendtsen SK, Martinenaite E, Carretta M, Svane IM, Ødum N, Pedersen AW, Met Ö, Madsen DH, Andersen MH. The metabolic enzyme arginase-2 is a potential target for novel immune modulatory vaccines. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1771142. [PMID: 32923127 PMCID: PMC7458644 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1771142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
One way that tumors evade immune destruction is through tumor and stromal cell expression of arginine-degrading enzyme arginase-2 (ARG2). Here we describe the existence of pro-inflammatory effector T-cells that recognize ARG2 and can directly target tumor and tumor-infiltrating cells. Using a library of 34 peptides covering the entire ARG2 sequence, we examined reactivity toward these peptides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cancer patients and healthy individuals. Interferon-γ ELISPOT revealed frequent immune responses against several of the peptides, indicating that ARG2–specific self-reactive T-cells are natural components of the human T-cell repertoire. Based on this, the most immunogenic ARG2 protein region was further characterized. By identifying conditions in the microenvironment that induce ARG2 expression in myeloid cells, we showed that ARG2-specific CD4T-cells isolated and expanded from a peripheral pool from a prostate cancer patient could recognize target cells in an ARG2-dependent manner. In the ‘cold’ in vivo tumor model Lewis lung carcinoma, we found that activation of ARG2-specific T-cells by vaccination significantly inhibited tumor growth. Immune-modulatory vaccines targeting ARG2 thus are a candidate strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mie Linder Hübbe
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Orebo Holmström
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe Jørgensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone Kloch Bendtsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.,IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Carretta
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Özcan Met
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Hargbøl Madsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.,IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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40
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Labani-Motlagh A, Ashja-Mahdavi M, Loskog A. The Tumor Microenvironment: A Milieu Hindering and Obstructing Antitumor Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:940. [PMID: 32499786 PMCID: PMC7243284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of cancer immunotherapy relies on the knowledge of the tumor microenvironment and the immune evasion mechanisms in which the tumor, stroma, and infiltrating immune cells function in a complex network. The potential barriers that profoundly challenge the overall clinical outcome of promising therapies need to be fully identified and counteracted. Although cancer immunotherapy has increasingly been applied, we are far from understanding how to utilize different strategies in the best way and how to combine therapeutic options to optimize clinical benefit. This review intends to give a contemporary and detailed overview of the different roles of immune cells, exosomes, and molecules acting in the tumor microenvironment and how they relate to immune activation and escape. Further, current and novel immunotherapeutic options will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angelica Loskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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41
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Li ZQ, Wang HY, Zeng QL, Yan JY, Hu YS, Li H, Yu ZJ. p65/miR-23a/CCL22 axis regulated regulatory T cells recruitment in hepatitis B virus positive hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2019; 9:711-723. [PMID: 31769216 PMCID: PMC6970059 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CCL22 played critical roles in Tregs recruitment. The upstream regulators modulating CCL22 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were not clearly understood. METHODS MiR-23a, p-p65, p65, CCL22, and Foxp3 levels were monitored by RT-qPCR and western blotting. Immunofluorescence assay was used to perform the costaining of Foxp3 and CD4 on liver tissues. Transwell assay was applied to evaluate the migration ability of Tregs. Dual-luciferase assay was performed to determine relationship of miR-23a/CCL22 and p65/miR-23a. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was applied to detect the direct binding of p65 to miR-23a promoter. Xenograft tumor models were developed to investigate the functions of p65 and miR-23a in vivo. RESULTS HBV infection was associated with reduced survival and increased Tregs recruitment in HCC patients. MiR-23a was decreased, whereas p65, CCL22, and Foxp3 were increased in HBV+ tumors. MiR-23a was inversely correlated with CCL22 and Foxp3 expression in HCC. MiR-23a directly targeted CCL22 3'UTR, leading to CCL22 reduction and attenuated Tregs recruitment. Meanwhile, p65 functioned as a transcription repressor of miR-23a by directly binding to its promoter. Inhibition of p65 induced miR-23 expression, leading to less CCL22 expression and Tregs recruitment in vitro. CCL22 was the indispensable effector underlying p65/miR-23a axis and Tregs recruitment. MiR-23a inhibitor promoted xenografted tumor growth accompanying with upregulation of CCL22, whereas p65 inhibition exerted opposite effects. CONCLUSION Blockage of p65 disinhibited miR-23a expression, leading to CCL22 reduction and repress Tregs recruitment. Targeting p65/miR-23a/CCL22 axis was a novel approach for HBV+ HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qin Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Lei Zeng
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Ya Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Shu Hu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zu-Jiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
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42
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Martinenaite E, Ahmad SM, Bendtsen SK, Jørgensen MA, Weis-Banke SE, Svane IM, Andersen MH. Arginase-1-based vaccination against the tumor microenvironment: the identification of an optimal T-cell epitope. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1901-1907. [PMID: 31690955 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
L-arginine depletion by regulatory cells and cancer cells expressing arginase-1 (Arg-1) is a vital contributor to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in patients with cancer. We have recently described the existence of pro-inflammatory effector T cells that recognize Arg-1. Hence, Arg-1-specific self-reactive T cells are a naturally occurring part of the memory T-cell repertoire of the human immune system. Here, we further characterize a highly immunogenic epitope from Arg-1. We describe frequent T-cell-based immune responses against this epitope in patients with cancer, as well as in healthy donors. Furthermore, we show that Arg-1-specific T cells expand in response to the TH2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-4 without any specific stimulation. Arg-1-specific memory TH1 cells that respond to increased IL-4 concentration may, therefore, drive the immune response back into the TH1 pathway. Arg-1-specific T cells thus appear to have an important function in immune regulation. Because Arg-1 plays an important role in the immunosuppressive microenvironment in most cancers, an immune modulatory vaccination approach can readily be employed to tilt the balance away from immune suppression in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Martinenaite
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- IO Biotech ApS, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shamaila Munir Ahmad
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Simone Kloch Bendtsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe Jørgensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-dk), Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
- IO Biotech ApS, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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43
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Rani A, Dasgupta P, Murphy JJ. Prostate Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:2119-2137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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44
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Li X, Xiang Y, Li F, Yin C, Li B, Ke X. WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Regulating T Cell-Inflammation in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2293. [PMID: 31616443 PMCID: PMC6775198 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has greatly prolonged the overall survival of cancer patients in melanoma and many other cancer types. However, only a subset of patients shows clinical responses from these interventions, which was predicated by the T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment. T cell-inflamed phenotype is characterized by the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, CD8α/CD103-lineage dendritic cells (DCs), as well as high density of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) that are associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. A number of regulators has been associated with T cell-inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, and WNT/β-catenin signaling is one of the best characterized. The tumor-intrinsic WNT/β-catenin signaling activation is frequently associated with poor spontaneous T cell infiltration across most human cancers. In this article, we review the essential roles of WNT/β-catenin signaling in the T cell-inflamed and non-T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment, including the development and function of immune cells, activation of immune exclusion of tumor cells, and cancer immunosurveillance. We also discuss the impact of this pathway in driving the non-T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment in other tumor types. To improve immunotherapy efficacy, we argue that targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling should be a high priority for combinational cancer therapy to restore T cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanwei Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fulun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengqian Yin
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xisong Ke
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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45
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Jin C, Shi L, Li Z, Liu W, Zhao B, Qiu Y, Zhao Y, Li K, Li Y, Zhu Q. Circ_0039569 promotes renal cell carcinoma growth and metastasis by regulating miR-34a-5p/CCL22. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4935-4945. [PMID: 31497210 PMCID: PMC6731413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to non-coding RNAs and are known as key regulators in gene regulation. CircRNAs involve in the various biological processes of cancer. However, the functions of circRNAs in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are still not clear. In this study, the circRNA expression profile was performed in the RCC tissues by microarray. There were 35 significantly expressed circRNAs with more than 5 folds from microarray analysis. Hsa_circ_0039569 (circ_0039569) was verified to be up-regulated in RCC and cells compared with the controls by real time RT-PCR. The assays of cellular functions showed that circ_0039569 down-regulation suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of RCC cells. The molecular mechanism of circ_0039569 in RCC cells showed that circ_0039569 promoted RCC progression by up-regulating CCL22 expression via down-regulating miR-34a-5p. Taken together, the study indicated that circ_0039569 played an important role in RCC cell survival and metastasis, which suggested that an oncogenic role of circ_0039569 in RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengluo Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Linmei Shi
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Zhexun Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Bai Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yakun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Qingguo Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliate Hospital, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
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46
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Melo AM, O'Brien AM, Phelan JJ, Kennedy SA, Wood NAW, Veerapen N, Besra GS, Clarke NE, Foley EK, Ravi A, MacCarthy F, O'Toole D, Ravi N, Reynolds JV, Conroy MJ, Hogan AE, O'Sullivan J, Dunne MR. Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Display Diminished Effector Capacity in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1580. [PMID: 31354725 PMCID: PMC6635552 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, and incidence is increasing rapidly in the Western world. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells recognize bacterial metabolites and kill infected cells, yet their role in OAC is unknown. We aimed to elucidate the role of MAIT cells during cancer development by characterizing the frequency, phenotype, and function of MAIT cells in human blood and tissues, from OAC and its pre-malignant inflammatory condition Barrett's oesophagus (BO). Blood and tissues were phenotyped by flow cytometry and conditioned media from explanted tissue was used to model the effects of the tumor microenvironment on MAIT cell function. Associations were assessed between MAIT cell frequency, circulating inflammatory markers, and clinical parameters to elucidate the role of MAIT cells in inflammation driven cancer. MAIT cells were decreased in BO and OAC blood compared to healthy controls, but were increased in oesophageal tissues, compared to BO-adjacent tissue, and remained detectable after neo-adjuvant treatment. MAIT cells in tumors expressed CD8, PD-1, and NKG2A but lower NKG2D than BO cohorts. MAIT cells produced less IFN-γ and TNF-α in the presence of tumor-conditioned media. OAC cell line viability was reduced upon exposure to expanded MAIT cells. Serum levels of chemokine IP-10 were inversely correlated with MAIT cell frequency in both tumors and blood. MAIT cells were higher in the tumors of node-negative patients, but were not significantly associated with other clinical parameters. This study demonstrates that OAC tumors are infiltrated by MAIT cells, a type of CD8 T cell featuring immune checkpoint expression and cytotoxic potential. These findings may have implications for immunotherapy and immune scoring approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanty M Melo
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling M O'Brien
- Childhood Obesity Research Group, National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James J Phelan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan A Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicole A W Wood
- Childhood Obesity Research Group, National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Natacha Veerapen
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gurdyal S Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Niamh E Clarke
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma K Foley
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Akshaya Ravi
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Finbar MacCarthy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot O'Toole
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Narayamasami Ravi
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,National Oesophageal and Gastric Centre, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,National Oesophageal and Gastric Centre, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew E Hogan
- Childhood Obesity Research Group, National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.,Obesity Immunology Research Group, Human Health Institute, Maynooth University, Co Kildare, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Margaret R Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Jackson JJ, Ketcham JM, Younai A, Abraham B, Biannic B, Beck HP, Bui MHT, Chian D, Cutler G, Diokno R, Hu DX, Jacobson S, Karbarz E, Kassner PD, Marshall L, McKinnell J, Meleza C, Okal A, Pookot D, Reilly MK, Robles O, Shunatona HP, Talay O, Walker JR, Wadsworth A, Wustrow DJ, Zibinsky M. Discovery of a Potent and Selective CCR4 Antagonist That Inhibits Treg Trafficking into the Tumor Microenvironment. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6190-6213. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J. Jackson
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - John M. Ketcham
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ashkaan Younai
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Betty Abraham
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Berenger Biannic
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hilary P. Beck
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Minna H. T. Bui
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David Chian
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Gene Cutler
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Raymond Diokno
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dennis X. Hu
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Scott Jacobson
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Emily Karbarz
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paul D. Kassner
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lisa Marshall
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jenny McKinnell
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Cesar Meleza
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Abood Okal
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Deepa Pookot
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Maureen K. Reilly
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Omar Robles
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hunter P. Shunatona
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Oezcan Talay
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James R. Walker
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Angela Wadsworth
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David J. Wustrow
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mikhail Zibinsky
- RAPT Therapeutics, 561 Eccles Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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48
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Wang D, Yang L, Yue D, Cao L, Li L, Wang D, Ping Y, Shen Z, Zheng Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. Macrophage-derived CCL22 promotes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via IL-8 in malignant pleural effusion. Cancer Lett 2019; 452:244-253. [PMID: 30928379 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immune dysfunction often occurs in malignant pleural effusion (MPE). In our previous study, TGF-β derived predominantly from macrophages plays an important role in impairing T cell cytotoxicity in MPE. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether other immunoregulatory cells and factors mediated TGF-β secretion from macrophages, involved in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of MPE, and to provide clues for potential immune therapy for MPE as well. We found that CCL22 level in MPE was significantly higher than that in non-malignant pleural effusion. The high level of CCL22 was closely associated with poor survival in MPE patients with lung cancer. CCL22 was dominantly produced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in MPE. Meanwhile, TAM-derived TGF-β mediated CCL22 expression in TAMs via c-Fos. CCL22 promoted the recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in MPE. Lastly, Treg-secreted high level of IL-8 further induced TGF-β production from TAMs, and promoted the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in MPE. Our results indicate that macrophage-derived CCL22 plays an important role in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via IL-8 in MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Dongli Yue
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Ling Cao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Zhibo Shen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China.
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49
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Andersen MH. The T-win® technology: immune-modulating vaccines. Semin Immunopathol 2018; 41:87-95. [PMID: 29968045 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-018-0695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The T-win® technology is an innovative investigational approach designed to activate the body's endogenous anti-regulatory T cells (anti-Tregs) to target regulatory as well as malignant cells. Anti-Tregs are naturally occurring T cells that can directly react against regulatory immune cells because they recognize proteins that these targets express, including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), tryptophan 2,6-dioxygenase, arginase, and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The T-win® technology is characterized by therapeutic vaccination with long peptide epitopes derived from these antigens and therefore offers a novel way to target genetically stable cells with regular human leukocyte antigen expression in the tumor microenvironment. The T-win® technology thus also represents a novel way to attract pro-inflammatory cells to the tumor microenvironment where they can directly affect immune inhibitory pathways, potentially altering tolerance to tumor antigens. The modification of an immune regulatory environment into a pro-inflammatory milieu potentiates effective anti-tumor T cell responses. Many regulatory immune cells may be reverted into effector cells given the right stimulus. Because T-win® technology is based on the immune-modulatory function of the vaccines, the vaccines activate both CD4 and CD8 anti-Tregs. Of importance, in clinical trials, vaccinations against IDO or PD-L1 to potentiate anti-Tregs have so far proved to be safe, with minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Hald Andersen
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark. .,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,IO Biotech ApS, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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50
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Andersen MH. The Balance Players of the Adaptive Immune System. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1379-1382. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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