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Vojtek I, van Wouw M, Thomson A. Impact of COVID-19 on vaccine confidence and uptake: A systematic literature review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2384180. [PMID: 39106971 PMCID: PMC11305033 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2384180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, scheduled vaccinations were postponed, mass vaccination programmes were suspended and opportunities for healthcare workers to administer vaccines ad hoc decreased. The aims of this systematic literature review were to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vaccine confidence, intent and uptake in preexisting routine childhood or adult vaccination programmes, and to identify factors associated with changes in acceptance, intent and uptake of preexisting vaccines. Medline and Embase were searched for studies in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, the USA, and European countries, published between 1 January 2021 and 4 August 2022. A complementary gray literature search was conducted between 11 and 13 October 2022, and supplemented with additional gray research in October 2023. In total, 54 citations were included in the review. Study design and geography were heterogeneous. The number of adults who received or intended to receive an influenza or pneumococcal vaccine was higher during the pandemic than in previous seasons (n = 28 studies). In addition, increased acceptance of adult vaccinations was observed during 2020-21 compared with 2019-20 (n = 12 studies). The rates of childhood vaccinations decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic across several countries (n = 11 studies). Factors associated with changes in intention to receive a vaccination, or uptake of influenza vaccine, included previous vaccination, older age, higher perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, anxiety regarding the pandemic and fear of contracting COVID-19. Acceptance and uptake of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines generally increased after onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Vojtek
- GSK K.K, Japan Medical Affairs, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Angus Thomson
- Irimi Company, Lyon, France
- Department of Communication Studies and Global Health Communication Center, Indiana University School of Liberal Arts at Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Sangeda RZ, James D, Mariki H, Mbwambo ME, Mwenesi ME, Nyaki H, Tinuga F, Manyanga DP. Childhood vaccination trends during 2019 to 2022 in Tanzania and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2356342. [PMID: 38780570 PMCID: PMC11123454 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2356342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted healthcare systems at all levels globally, notably affecting routine healthcare services, such as childhood vaccination. This study examined the impact of these disruptions on routine childhood vaccination programmes in Tanzania. We conducted a longitudinal study over four years in five Tanzanian regions: Mwanza, Dar es Salaam, Mtwara, Arusha, and Dodoma. This study analyzed the trends in the use of six essential vaccines: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV), Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis, Hepatitis-B and Hib (DTP-HepB-Hib), measles-rubella (MR), Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV), and Rota vaccines. We evaluated annual and monthly vaccination trends using time-series and regression analyses. Predictive modeling was performed using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. A total of 32,602,734 vaccination events were recorded across the regions from 2019 to 2022. Despite declining vaccination rates in 2020, there was a notable rebound in 2021, indicating the resilience of Tanzania's immunization program. The analysis also highlighted regional differences in vaccination rates when standardized per 1000 people. Seasonal fluctuations were observed in monthly vaccination rates, with BCG showing the most stable trend. Predictive modeling of BCG indicated stable and increasing vaccination coverage by 2023. These findings underscore the robustness of Tanzania's childhood immunization infrastructure in overcoming the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, as indicated by the strong recovery of vaccination rates post-2020. We provide valuable insights into the dynamics of vaccination during a global health crisis and highlight the importance of sustained immunization efforts to maintain public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Zozimus Sangeda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Daniel James
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Harrison Mariki
- Department of Research and Development, Afya Intelligence, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Mbonea Erick Mbwambo
- Department of Research and Development, Afya Intelligence, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Mwendwa E. Mwenesi
- Immunization and Vaccine Development, Ministry of Health Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Honesti Nyaki
- Immunization and Vaccine Development, Ministry of Health Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Florian Tinuga
- Immunization and Vaccine Development, Ministry of Health Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Daudi Peter Manyanga
- Department of Universal Health Coverage, Communicable & Non-Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization Inter-Country Support Team for East and Southern African Countries, Harare, Zimbabwe
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Graham KA, Arciuolo RJ, Matalka O, Isaac BM, Jean A, Majid N, Seifu L, Croft J, Crouch B, Macaraig M, Lemkin A, Caceres GT, Lall R, Lawrence C, Silverman E, Laraque F, Bouscaren A, Rosen JB. Varicella Outbreak Among Recent Arrivals to New York City, 2022-2024. MMWR. MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT 2024; 73:478-483. [PMID: 38814821 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7321a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
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Rombini MF, Mauas RP, Katz N, Urueña A. [Ranking of immunization programs in Latin America, 2020 Ranking dos programas de vacinação na América Latina, 2020]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2024; 48:e15. [PMID: 38464876 PMCID: PMC10921906 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2024.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Construct a ranking of national immunization programs in Latin America in 2020 and compare it with the previous year. Methods Eighteen national immunization programs were evaluated on the basis of public information obtained from official sites of the countries' ministries of health, the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund, and local sources. The ranking was based on the 2020 vaccination schedule for different life stages, special situations, vaccination against influenza, 2019 vaccination coverage, and programmatic aspects. Results Vaccination coverage decreased in most countries. The average regional declined in 2020, as did the scores for most countries, except Chile and Colombia. Chile leads the ranking, followed by Uruguay, Panama, and Costa Rica. Chile stands out for its full calendar, higher vaccination coverage rates, and programmatic achievements. Conclusions The lower overall score in 2020 highlights the need to recover the Region's vaccination coverage rates. This analysis seeks to motivate countries to address pending challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Rombini
- Centro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades TransmisiblesUniversidad I-SaludCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentinaCentro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Universidad I-Salud, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Romina Paola Mauas
- Centro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades TransmisiblesUniversidad I-SaludCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentinaCentro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Universidad I-Salud, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Nathalia Katz
- Centro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades TransmisiblesUniversidad I-SaludCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentinaCentro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Universidad I-Salud, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Analía Urueña
- Centro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades TransmisiblesUniversidad I-SaludCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentinaCentro de Estudios para la Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Universidad I-Salud, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Paula Martins J, Almeida Alatzatianos G, Mendes Camargo T, Augusto Lima Marson F. Overview of childhood vaccination coverage in Brazil and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Is our children's health at risk? A review of pre-COVID-19 periods and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine X 2024; 17:100430. [PMID: 38299202 PMCID: PMC10825611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 has had a great impact on several aspects related to the population's health, including the vaccination adherence rate. This study describes how childhood vaccination coverage (CVC) in Brazil was affected by the pandemic in the period from 2020 to 2022 and explores the relationship between this data and the Human Development Index (HDI), and the number of votes received in the government with a right-wing political ideology. Methods An ecological analysis of CVC was carried out including 12 vaccines. The HDI was evaluated considering the HDI-General, HDI-Income, HDI-Longevity, and HDI-Education. The percentage of valid votes received by the former president (right-wing political ideology) was also obtained. Spearman correlation tests were applied to compare markers. Results During the period analyzed, it was observed a linear growth trend in CVC between 2015 and 2018 regarding all vaccines. However, from 2018 onwards, after the presidential elections in Brazil, the CVC reduced significantly, showing an even more pronounced decrease with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. This reduction in CVC observed for some vaccines was related to the higher percentage of votes for the government with a right-wing political ideology, especially in relation to the BCG (bacillus Calmette and Guerin) and pentavalent (protecting against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria) vaccines. In addition, when analyzing the HDI, it was observed that the lowest values of this indicator were associated with a more expressive reduction in CVC, mainly related to yellow fever, pentavalent, 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate, Human rotavirus, and triple viral (protecting against measles, mumps, and rubella - MMR) vaccines. Conclusion Although Brazil has a successful and exemplary record in combating several diseases, mainly due to the high rate of CVC, the continuous reduction in this coverage must be thoroughly evaluated by health managers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fernando Augusto Lima Marson
- Corresponding author at: São Francisco University, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics. Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218. Jardim São José, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lo Vecchio A, Scarano SM, Palladino R, Del Bene M, Trama U, Affinito G, Buono P, Guarino A. Co-administration with Men-B vaccine increases Rotavirus vaccination coverage: A 5-year regionwide retrospective cohort study (STORM study). Vaccine 2024; 42:287-294. [PMID: 38072758 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Italy Rotavirus vaccination (RVV) is provided free of charge from 2018, however, the coverage is scattered and suboptimal. The narrow time frame to complete the schedule is a barrier to uptake, and co-administration with other vaccines may potentially increase the coverage. Although the co-administration of RV vaccine and Meningococcal Group B vaccine (MenB) is not included in the product labels, we aimed at studying its impact on RVV coverage. METHODS This Surveillance study on Timing and cOverage of Rotavirus and MenB vaccine co-administration (STORM study) used the Regional Vaccination Registry to collect data about children born in Campania Region between January 2016 and December 2020, and receiving vaccines scheduled in the first year of life. RESULTS Among the 224,110 children enrolled, 60,614 (27.0%) completed the RVV schedule, with a vaccination rate that increased over time from 1.15% in 2016 to 56.92% in 2020. The first and last dose of RVV schedule were administered beyond the recommended time in 6% of the study population, respectively. Co-administration of RV vaccine with MenB vaccine increased from 0.7 % in 2016 to 46.85 % in 2020. Children receiving RV/MenB vaccines concomitantly had a significantly higher chance of completing the RV schedule compared to those receiving RVV alone during a specific appointment (94.78 % vs 72.26 %, Prevalence Ratio -PR- 1.275, 95 %CI 1.245-1.295p < 0.00001). The positive driving effect of RV/MenB co-administration was more evident for children receiving pentavalent (PR 1.288) than monovalent RVV (PR 1.115) which was confirmed when adjusted for confounding variables (i.e., year of vaccination, local district, gender). CONCLUSIONS Although still far from the target, RVV coverage has increased in recent years in Campania Region. Co-administration with MenB vaccine may aid in increasing RVV coverage, especially for pentavalent RVV. Further safety data are needed to support co-administration as a key tool to increase coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lo Vecchio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Sara Maria Scarano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palladino
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Del Bene
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Trama
- Drug Policy and Devices Unit, Regione Campania Health Department, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Affinito
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Buono
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, General Directorate for Health, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Guarino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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King L, Alexander-Gabbadon K, Chin N, Hammond-Gabbadon C, Simmonds-Brooks P, Harris J, Martin H, Witter K, Bartlett R, Knight-Madden J, Asnani M. Telehealth: Navigating the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: The Sickle Cell Unit Experience. Telemed J E Health 2023; 29:1781-1791. [PMID: 37092975 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2023.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: To examine the use of telehealth for delivery of health care in persons with sickle cell disease in a resource-constrained country during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of patient encounters at the Sickle Cell Unit (SCU), Jamaica during a 3-year period, March 10, 2019 to March 9, 2022 and a comparison of endpoints between 1 year before and 2 years during the pandemic. Primary endpoints of registration numbers, day-care admissions, and study visits were obtained from logbooks and the electronic medical records. Additional endpoints included well visits, hydroxyurea (HU) visits, and bone pain crisis. Results: Patients registered at the clinic on 17,295 occasions, with 7,820 in the pre-pandemic year decreasing by 43.8% and 35% in the 2 subsequent pandemic years. Overall, study visits increased by 4.9% and 1.3% in the pandemic years. They increased in adults by 13.1% and 8.9% but fell by 3.2% and 6.2% in children. Fewer people were seen in the pandemic years, with children showing a 20.7% decline in numbers. Tele-visits accounted for 31.4% of all study visits during the pandemic years and increased by 23.6% between the pandemic years. There were more well-visits and HU visits, but fewer pain visits and day-care admissions in the pandemic years. Conclusions: The SCU maintained health care delivery for a high-risk population during the pandemic, with tele-visits mitigating the short-fall from in-person visits. Tele-visits may be more acceptable to adults with a chronic illness and may be a suitable alternative for delivering health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley King
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Kesha Alexander-Gabbadon
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Nicki Chin
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Christine Hammond-Gabbadon
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Patrice Simmonds-Brooks
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - June Harris
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Hopelyn Martin
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Krystal Witter
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Rachel Bartlett
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Jennifer Knight-Madden
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Monika Asnani
- Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
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Díaz FE, Arruvito L, Geffner J. The future of vaccination in Latin America: learning from the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 85:102390. [PMID: 37806096 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused millions of deaths around the world. This dramatic balance requires governments, international organizations, vaccine manufacturers, and the scientific community itself to take stock of what has been done and what could have been done better. In this sense, the tremendous inequity in access to vaccines, the main tool to deal with the pandemic, deserves deep reflection and a set of actions to be carried out by low- and middle-income countries. Among them, the construction of a joint effort to produce their own vaccines and the reconsideration of the bases that govern the intellectual property rights of vaccines and medicines, which harmed equitable access to health, with the consequent loss of many lives that could have been saved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando E Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina
| | - Lourdes Arruvito
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina
| | - Jorge Geffner
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina.
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Debbag R, Torres JR, Falleiros-Arlant LH, Avila-Aguero ML, Brea-del Castillo J, Gentile A, Saez-Llorens X, Mascarenas A, Munoz FM, Torres JP, Vazquez L, Safadi MA, Espinal C, Ulloa-Gutierrez R, Pujadas M, Lopez P, López-Medina E, Ramilo O. Are the first 1,000 days of life a neglected vital period to prevent the impact on maternal and infant morbimortality of infectious diseases in Latin America? Proceedings of a workshop of experts from the Latin American Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, SLIPE. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1297177. [PMID: 38098643 PMCID: PMC10720332 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1297177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While the first 1,000 days of life are a critical period in child's development, limited information on the main determinants affecting this period in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region is available. Therefore, the Latin American Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SLIPE) held an ad hoc workshop in May 2022 with an expert panel designed to analyze the main factors impacting the development of childhood in the region during this period and the main causes of maternal infant morbimortality. The aim was to identify priorities, generate recommendations, and advise practical actions to improve this situation. Considerations were made about the challenges involved in bridging the gap that separates the region from more developed countries regarding an optimal early childhood and maternal care. Extensive discussion was conducted to reach consensus recommendations on general strategies intended to reduce maternal and infant mortality associated with infections and immune-preventable diseases during the first 1,000 days of life in LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Debbag
- President of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica, SLIPE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jaime R. Torres
- Infectious Diseases Section, Tropical Medicine Institute, Universidad Central De Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Luiza H. Falleiros-Arlant
- Department of Children’s Health, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade Metropolitana De Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Maria L. Avila-Aguero
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Nacional De Niños “Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera”, Caja Costarricense De Seguro Social (CCSS), San José, Costa Rica
- Affiliated Researcher Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis (CIDMA) at Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jose Brea-del Castillo
- Associated Researcher, Investigador Asociado Hospital Dr. Hugo Mendoza, Santo Domingo, Republic Dominicana
| | - Angela Gentile
- Epidemiology Department, Hospital de Niños “Ricardo Gutiérrez”, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xavier Saez-Llorens
- Head of Infectious Diseases and Director of Clinical Research, Hospital del Niño “Dr. José Renán Esquivel”, Panama City, Panama
| | - Abiel Mascarenas
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “José E. Gonzalez”, Universidad Autónoma De Nuevo León, Nuevo Leon, México
| | - Flor M. Munoz
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Juan P. Torres
- Department of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Liliana Vazquez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Clinica y Maternidad Suizo Argentina, Sanatorio Finochietto, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco A. Safadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculda de de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Espinal
- Global Health Consortium, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Nacional De Niños “Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera”, Caja Costarricense De Seguro Social (CCSS), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Monica Pujadas
- Department of Epidemiology and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pio Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Eduardo López-Medina
- Centro de Estudios en Infectología Pediátrica CEIP, Department of Pediatrics, Universidad del Valle, Clinica Imbanaco Grupo Quironsalud, Cali, Colombia
| | - Octavio Ramilo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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Barakat M, Abdaljaleel M, Atawneh N, Alkhazaleh R, Aburumman D, Hamed E, Sallam M. Pervasive Parental Hesitancy and Resistance towards Measles Rubella Vaccination in Jordan. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1672. [PMID: 38006004 PMCID: PMC10674877 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Measles remains a highly contagious and potentially severe infectious disease, necessitating high vaccine coverage. However, misinformation and measles vaccine hesitancy/resistance have posed significant challenges to achieving this goal. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these challenges, leading to a measles outbreak in Jordan in 2023. This study aimed to investigate the acceptance of the measles rubella (MR) vaccine among parents in Jordan and to identify its associated determinants. This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted using a previously Arabic-validated version of the Parental Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccines (PACV) survey instrument. Data collection took place in October 2023, and the final study sample comprised a total of 391 parents, with mothers representing 69.8% of the participants (n = 273). The majority of participating parents expressed either resistance (n = 169, 43.2%) or hesitancy (n = 168, 43.0%) towards MR vaccination, while only 54 participants (13.8%) expressed MR vaccine acceptance. Multivariate analysis revealed that trust in vaccine safety/efficacy, behavior, and having fewer offspring were significantly associated with MR vaccine acceptance. The current study revealed a concerning level of MR vaccine hesitancy/resistance among parents in Jordan, which could signal a public health alarm in the country. Urgent and targeted interventions are strongly recommended to address this issue, including mass campaigns aimed at building trust in the MR vaccine's safety/efficacy. Additionally, there is an urgent need for effective public health initiatives to ensure sufficient measles vaccine coverage to prevent future outbreaks of this serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Maram Abdaljaleel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Nada Atawneh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rawan Alkhazaleh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Aburumman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Eman Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Zhang C, Hu W, Li Y, Lv Y, Zhang S. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine vaccination services in Shaanxi province, Northwest China: Non-pharmaceutical intervention period and mass COVID-19 vaccination period. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2251826. [PMID: 37665634 PMCID: PMC10478737 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2251826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on routine vaccination, a cross-sectional study was carried out during non-pharmaceutical intervention period (2020) and mass COVID-19 vaccination period (2021) in Shaanxi province. Data on NIP (National Immunization Program, Free), nNIP (non-National Immunization Program, Paid), and COVID-19 vaccines inoculated and vaccination clinics were collected. At the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, the rate of routine vaccination clinics providing vaccination services was only 20.0%, rabies vaccination clinics was 89.9% and obstetric vaccination clinics was 95.9%. Compared with 2019 (as baseline), NIP vaccines inoculated in 2020 and 2021 decreased by 3.5% and 19.2%, respectively, on the contrary, nNIP vaccines increased by 25.8% and 34.7%, respectively. In 2021, 74.9% of vaccination clinics were involved in mass COVID-19 vaccination, and there was not a significant impact of mass COVID-19 vaccination on the number of other vaccines inoculated. Vaccination coverage of all NIP vaccines was not different from that in previous years. COVID-19 epidemic had a short-term impact on routine vaccination at beginning. The impact of mass COVID-19 vaccination on routine vaccination could even be ignored. The COVID-19 epidemic has once again made people realize the great harm of infectious diseases, and has improved everyone's willingness to receive routine vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an, China
| | - Weijun Hu
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an, China
| | - Yake Lv
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an, China
| | - Shaobai Zhang
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an, China
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Marinho CV, Queiroz RCDS, Araujo WRM, Tonello AS, Thomaz EBAF. Indicators of the National Immunization Program for children under one year old: time trend in Maranhão, Brazil, 2010 to 2021. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:2335-2346. [PMID: 37531541 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023288.07312023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the trend of indicators of the National Immunization Program (acronym in Portuguese. PNI) in children under one-year-old and classify municipalities regarding the risk of transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases (RTVPD) in Maranhão from 2010 to 2021. This ecological time series study was based on secondary data on vaccination coverage (VC). vaccination coverage homogeneity (VCH). proportion of abandonment (PA). and RTVPD. with state coverage for vaccines in the national children's calendar. Prais-Winsten regression estimated trends (α=5%) and the indicators' annual percentage change (APC). We identified fluctuating and discrepant VC between vaccines. with a decreasing trend (p < 0.01). except those against Hepatitis B (p = 0.709) and oral human rotavirus (p = 0.143). The sharpest falls were for Yellow Fever (APC = 12.24%) and BCG (APC = 12.25%) vaccines. All VCH rates were lower than expected. with a drop from 2014 and APC between 5.75% (Pneumococcal 10; p = 0.033) and 14.02% (Poliomyelitis; p < 0.01). We observed an increasing trend in PA for Pentavalent (APC = 4.91%; p < 0.01) and Poliomyelitis (APC = 3.55%; p < 0.01). We identified an increase of 52.54% in the proportion of municipalities in Maranhão from 2015 to 2021. with extremely high (p = 0.025) and high (p = 0.028) RTVPD. The PNI indicators deteriorated. reaffirming the susceptibility to the emergence of vaccine-preventable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleia Varão Marinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Família, Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Centro Pedagógico Paulo Freire, Campus do Bacanga, Sala de Tutoria, 1º andar, Asa Norte. 65080-805 São Luís MA Brasil.
| | | | - Waleska Regina Machado Araujo
- Superintendência de Epidemiologia e Controle de Doenças, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Maranhão. São Luís MA Brasil
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Stefanizzi P, Provenzano S, Santangelo OE, Dallagiacoma G, Gianfredi V. Past and Future Influenza Vaccine Uptake Motivation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis among Italian Health Sciences Students. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040717. [PMID: 37112629 PMCID: PMC10143571 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its effectiveness in the prevention of seasonal flu, influenza vaccination uptake remains low, even among healthcare workers (HCWs), despite their occupational risk. The aim of this study was to explore the association between main reasons for accepting or refusing influenza vaccination and the decision to receive the vaccination during both previous and following year among health sciences students. A multi-center, cross-sectional study was performed using a validated online questionnaire. Data were analyzed by performing univariable and multivariable logistic analysis. Data from over 3000 participants showed that avoiding the spread of infection to family members and the general population (aOR: 43.55), as well as to patients (aOR: 16.56) were the main reasons associated with the highest probability of taking the influenza vaccination the following year. On the contrary, not considering influenza as a severe disease was the reason associated with the lowest probability for past (aOR: 0.17) and future vaccination (aOR: 0.01). Therefore, the importance of vaccination to protect others should always be the core of vaccination campaigns for health sciences students, together with tools to increase their awareness of the severity of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Omar Enzo Santangelo
- Regional Health Care and Social Agency of Lodi, ASST Lodi, Piazza Ospitale 10, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Giulia Dallagiacoma
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB) and Extensively Drug-Resistant TB (XDR-TB) Among Children: Where We Stand Now. Cureus 2023; 15:e35154. [PMID: 36819973 PMCID: PMC9938784 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has continued to be a global health cataclysm. It is an arduous condition to tackle but is curable with the proper choice of drug and adherence to the drug therapy. WHO has introduced newer drugs with all-oral shorter regimens, but the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the achievements and raised the severity. The COVID-19 controlling mechanism is based on social distancing, using face masks, personal protective equipment, medical glove, head shoe cover, face shield, goggles, hand hygiene, and many more. Around the globe, national and international health authorities impose lockdown and movement control orders to ensure social distancing and prevent transmission of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, WHO proposed a TB control program impaired during a pandemic. Children, the most vulnerable group, suffer more from the drug-resistant form and act as the storehouse of future fatal cases. It has dire effects on physical health and hampers their mental health and academic career. Treatment of drug-resistant cases has more success stories in children than adults, but enrollment for treatment has been persistently low in this age group. Despite that, drug-resistant childhood tuberculosis has been neglected, and proper surveillance has not yet been achieved. Insufficient reporting, lack of appropriate screening tools for children, less accessibility to the treatment facility, inadequate awareness, and reduced funding for TB have worsened the situation. All these have resulted in jeopardizing our dream to terminate this deadly condition. So, it is high time to focus on this issue to achieve our Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the goal of ending TB by 2030, as planned by WHO. This review explores childhood TB's current position and areas to improve. This review utilized electronic-based data searched through PubMed, Google Scholar, Google Search Engine, Science Direct, and Embase.
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