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Sun C, Huang J, Guo X, Zhang C, Wei L, Wong KI, Yang Z, Zhao G, Lu M, Yao W. An all-in-one therapeutic platform for the treatment of resistant Helicobacter pylori infection. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122540. [PMID: 38537343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major cause of gastric diseases. Currently, bismuth-based quadruple therapy is widely adopted for eradicating H. pylori infection. However, this first-line strategy faces several challenges such as drug resistance, intestinal dysbacteriosis, and patients' poor compliance. To overcome these problems, an all-in-one therapeutic platform (CLA-Bi-ZnO2@Lipo) that composed of liposomes loading clarithromycin (CLA), Bi, and ZnO2 hybrid nanoparticles was developed for eradicating multidrug-resistant (MDR) H. pylori. The in vitro and in vivo results showed that CLA-Bi-ZnO2@Lipo could target the infection-induced inflammatory mucosa through liposome mediated nanoparticle-tissue surface charge interaction and quickly respond to the gastric acid environment to release CLA, Bi3+, Zn2+, and H2O2. By oral administration per day, the acid triggered decomposition of CLA-Bi-ZnO2@Lipo could significantly increase intragastric pH to 6 within 30 min; The released CLA, Zn2+, and H2O2 further exerted synergistical anti-bacterial effects in which a ∼2 order higher efficacy in reducing MDR H. pylori burden was achieved in comparison with standard quadruple therapy (p < 0.05); The released Zn2+ and Bi3+ could also alleviate mucosal inflammation. Most importantly, the CLA-Bi-ZnO2@Lipo exhibited superior biosafety and nearly no side effects on intestinal flora. Overall, this study developed a highly integrated and safe anti-MDR H. pylori agent which had great potential to be used as an alternative treatment for MDR H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenli Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka Ioi Wong
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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Hu X, Feng J, Lu J, Pang R, Zhang A, Liu J, Gou X, Bai X, Wang J, Chang C, Yin J, Wang Y, Xiao H, Wang Q, Cheng H, Chang Y, Wang W. Effects of exoskeleton-assisted walking on bowel function in motor-complete spinal cord injury patients: involvement of the brain-gut axis, a pilot study. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1395671. [PMID: 38952922 PMCID: PMC11215087 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1395671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence has demonstrated that exoskeleton robots can improve intestinal function in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unelucidated. This study investigated the effects of exoskeleton-assisted walking (EAW) on intestinal function and intestinal flora structure in T2-L1 motor complete paraplegia patients. The results showed that five participants in the EAW group and three in the conventional group reported improvements in at least one bowel management index, including an increased frequency of bowel evacuations, less time spent on bowel management per day, and less external assistance (manual digital stimulation, medication, and enema usage). After 8 weeks of training, the amount of glycerol used in the EAW group decreased significantly (p <0.05). The EAW group showed an increasing trend in the neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) score after 8 weeks of training, while the conventional group showed a worsening trend. Patients who received the EAW intervention exhibited a decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia, while Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were upregulated. In addition, there were decreases in the abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Parabacteroides, Akkermansia, Blautia, Ruminococcus 2, and Megamonas. In contrast, Ruminococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG002, Faecalibacterium, Dialister, Ralstonia, Escherichia-Shigella, and Bifidobacterium showed upregulation among the top 15 genera. The abundance of Ralstonia was significantly higher in the EAW group than in the conventional group, and Dialister increased significantly in EAW individuals at 8 weeks. This study suggests that EAW can improve intestinal function of SCI patients in a limited way, and may be associated with changes in the abundance of intestinal flora, especially an increase in beneficial bacteria. In the future, we need to further understand the changes in microbial groups caused by EAW training and all related impact mechanisms, especially intestinal flora metabolites. Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China
| | - Rizhao Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Anren Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiancheng Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Gou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingang Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Chang
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Care Alliance Jinchen Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Youjun Chang
- Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of T.C.M., Chengdu, China
| | - Wenchun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
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3
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Ren J, Ren Y, Mu Y, Zhang L, Chen B, Li S, Fang Q, Zhang Z, Zhang K, Li S, Liu W, Cui Y, Li X. Microbial imbalance in Chinese children with diarrhea or constipation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13516. [PMID: 38866797 PMCID: PMC11169388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea and constipation are common health concerns in children. Numerous studies have identified strong association between gut microbiota and digestive-related diseases. But little is known about the gut microbiota that simultaneously affects both diarrhea and constipation or their potential regulatory mechanisms. Stool samples from 618 children (66 diarrhea, 138 constipation, 414 healthy controls) aged 0-3 years were collected to investigate gut microbiota changes using 16S rRNA sequencing. Compared with healthy, children with diarrhea exhibited a significant decrease in microbial diversity, while those with constipation showed a marked increase (p < 0.05). Significantly, our results firstly Ruminococcus increased in constipation (p = 0.03) and decreased in diarrhea (p < 0.01) compared to healthy controls. Pathway analysis revealed that Ruminococcus highly involved in the regulation of five common pathways (membrane transport, nervous system, energy metabolism, signal transduction and endocrine system pathways) between diarrhea and constipation, suggesting a potential shared regulatory mechanism. Our finding firstly reveals one core microorganisms that may affect the steady balance of the gut in children with diarrhea or constipation, providing an important reference for potential diagnosis and treatment of constipation and diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yu Mu
- Dr. Cuiyutao Healthcare Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Binghan Chen
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Qinyi Fang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Kejian Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Sabrina Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yutao Cui
- Dr. Cuiyutao Healthcare Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
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Cui M, Li Y, Zheng T, Chen H, Wang J, Feng Y, Ye H, Dong Z, Li G. Efficacy and Molecular Mechanism of Quercetin on Constipation Induced by Berberine via Regulating Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6228. [PMID: 38892414 PMCID: PMC11173111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is used to treat cancer, inflammatory conditions, and so on. But the side effects of BBR causing constipation should not be ignored. In clinical application, the combination of Amomum villosum Lour. (AVL) and BBR can relieve it. However, the effective ingredients and molecular mechanism of AVL in relieving constipation are not clear. A small intestine propulsion experiment was conducted in constipated mice to screen active ingredients of AVL. We further confirmed the molecular mechanism of action of the active ingredient on BBR-induced constipation. Quercetin (QR) was found to be the effective ingredient of AVL in terms of relieving constipation. QR can efficiently regulate the microbiota in mice suffering from constipation. Moreover, QR significantly raised the levels of substance P and motilin while lowering those of 5-hydroxytryptamine and vasoactive intestinal peptide; furthermore, it also increased the protein expression levels of calmodulin, myosin light-chain kinase, and myosin light chain. The use of QR in combination with BBR has an adverse effect-reducing efficacy. The study provides new ideas and possibilities for the treatment of constipation induced by BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
| | - Huan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
| | - Jinrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
| | - Yifan Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
| | - Hanyi Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Geng Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China
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Zhang T, Lu H, Cheng T, Wang L, Wang G, Zhang H, Chen W. Bifidobacterium longum S3 alleviates loperamide-induced constipation by modulating intestinal acetic acid and stearic acid levels in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:6118-6133. [PMID: 38764333 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00695j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Constipation is a major gastrointestinal (GI) symptom worldwide, with diverse causes of formation, and requires effective and safe therapeutic measures. In the present study, we used loperamide hydrochloride to establish a constipation model and assessed the effect of Bifidobacterium on constipation and its possible mechanism of relief. The results showed that B. longum S3 exerted a constipation-relieving effect primarily by improving the gut microbiota, enriching genera including Lactobacillus, Alistipes, and Ruminococcaceae UCG-007, and decreasing the bacteria Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group. These changes may thereby increase acetic acid and stearic acid (C18:0) levels, which significantly increase the expression levels of ZO-1 and MUC-2, repair intestinal barrier damage and reduce inflammation (IL-6). Furthermore, it also inhibited oxidative stress levels (SOD and CAT), decreased the expression of water channel proteins (AQP4 and AQP8), significantly elevated the Gas, 5-HT, PGE2, and Ach levels, and reduced nNOS and VIP levels to improve the intestinal luminal transit time and fecal water content. Collectively, these changes resulted in the alleviation of constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Yangzhou Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Yangzhou Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Yangzhou Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Han YL, Kang ZX, Jin SW, Pan XL, Zhang HX, Zhang LY, Tang L. Electroacupuncture improves low-grade duodenal inflammation in FD rats by reshaping intestinal flora through the NF-κB p65/NLRP3 pyroptosis pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31197. [PMID: 38807876 PMCID: PMC11131961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) is an effective alternative for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). It reduces low-grade duodenal inflammation and improves the symptoms of FD by downregulating the expression of NF-κB p65 and NLRP3, but its mechanism needs to be elucidated. To examine the regulatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on intestinal flora and NF-κB p65/NLRP3 pyroptosis pathway in FD rats. The FD rat model was established via multi-factor stress intervention for two weeks. The rats were randomly divided into the NC group, model group, NF-kB inhibitor group (NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 was administered), EA group, and EA + NF-kB inhibitor group. After 14 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and the protein and mRNA levels of NF-κB p65, IκB, and NLRP3 in the duodenum were evaluated by Western blotting assays and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform was used to analyze the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of intestinal flora and predict functional genes. The concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces was assessed by metabolomics. EA can decrease low-grade duodenal inflammation and promote gastrointestinal motility in FD rats. This effect is mediated by inhibition of the NF-κB p65/NLRP3 pyroptosis pathway, an increase in the alpha and beta diversity of gut microbiota in the duodenum, an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria at the phylum and genus levels, and an increase in the content of SCFAs. The protective effect of EA against FD might involve multiple hierarchy and pathways. EA may remodel intestinal flora by inhibiting the NF-κB p65/NLRP3 pyroptosis pathway, thereby improving low-grade duodenal inflammation in FD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Han
- Acupuncture Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Kang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, GuiZhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, GuiYang, GuiZhou, 550025, China
| | - Shu-Wen Jin
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430061, China
| | - Xiao-Li Pan
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430061, China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430061, China
- Jianghan University Health Science Center, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Liang-Yu Zhang
- Digestive Endoscopy Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210017, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Rehabilitation Department, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430014, China
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Hu J, Zou H, Qiao X, Wang Y, Lv M, Zhang K, Wang F. The relationship between oxidative balance scores and chronic diarrhea and constipation: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1366. [PMID: 38773415 PMCID: PMC11106991 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is closely related to gut health. Exposures to oxidative stress in one's diet and lifestyle can be evaluated by the oxidative balance score (OBS). However, the relationship between OBS and intestinal habits is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between OBS and intestinal habits (chronic diarrhea and chronic constipation) and the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005 to 2010, we included a total of 8065 participants. Twenty dietary and lifestyle factors were selected for the OBS calculates. Chronic constipation and chronic diarrhea were defined using the Bristol stool form scale (BSFS) types 1 and 2 and the BSFS 6 and 7, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between OBS and defecation habits. Finally, we used mediation analysis to explore the indirect effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers on these associations. RESULTS After adjusting for all the covariates, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that OBS was negatively correlated with diarrhea (OR = 0.57; 95%CI = 0.39-0.83; P = 0.008)and positively correlated with constipation (OR = 1.75; 95%CI = 1.19-2.25; P = 0.008). The RCS showed a nonlinear relationship between OBS and diarrhea (P for nonlinearity = 0.02) and a linear relationship between OBS and constipation (P for nonlinearity = 0.19). Mediation analysis showed that the C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and white blood cell (WBC) count mediated the correlation between OBS and diarrhea by 6.28% and 6.53%, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS OBS is closely related to changes in patients' defecation habits. Oxidative stress and inflammation may play a role in the relationship between the two. This result emphasizes the importance of the public adjusting their lifestyle and dietary habits according to their own situation. However, further prospective studies are needed to analyze the relationship between oxidative stress and changes in defecation habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Hu
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hede Zou
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiyun Qiao
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Lv
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunli Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Huang YP, Shi JY, Luo XT, Luo SC, Cheung PCK, Corke H, Yang QQ, Zhang BB. How do probiotics alleviate constipation? A narrative review of mechanisms. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38710624 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2336531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition, which may occur at any age and affects countless people. The search for new treatments for constipation is ongoing as current drug treatments fail to provide fully satisfactory results. In recent years, probiotics have attracted much attention because of their demonstrated therapeutic efficacy and fewer side effects than pharmaceutical products. Many studies attempted to answer the question of how probiotics can alleviate constipation. It has been shown that different probiotic strains can alleviate constipation by different mechanisms. The mechanisms on probiotics in relieving constipation were associated with various aspects, including regulation of the gut microbiota composition, the level of short-chain fatty acids, aquaporin expression levels, neurotransmitters and hormone levels, inflammation, the intestinal environmental metabolic status, neurotrophic factor levels and the body's antioxidant levels. This paper summarizes the perception of the mechanisms on probiotics in relieving constipation and provides some suggestions on new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Huang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Yan Shi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Tao Luo
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Si-Chen Luo
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Peter C K Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, P.R. China
| | - Harold Corke
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, P.R. China
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Qiong-Qiong Yang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Bo Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, P.R. China
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Zhou P, Wang X, Sun M, Yan S. Effects of natural products on functional constipation: analysis of active ingredient and mechanism. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2083-2103. [PMID: 37870581 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Constipation is a prevalent clinical ailment of the gastrointestinal system, yet its pathogenesis remains ambiguous. Despite the availability of numerous treatment modalities, they are insufficient in resolving the issue for patients. This work conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature pertaining to the utilization of natural products for the treatment of constipation, with a focus on the efficacy of natural products in treating constipation, and to provide a comprehensive summary of their underlying mechanisms of action. Upon conducting a thorough review of the extant literature, we found that natural products can effectively treat constipation as modern synthetic drugs and compounded drugs with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) effects, rich in fiber and mucus, and the effects of increasing the tension of the ileum and gastrointestinal tract muscle, mediating signaling pathways, cytokine, excitability of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract, and regulating the homeostasis of intestinal flora. However, there is a wide variety of natural products, and there are still relatively few studies; the composition of natural products is complex, and the mechanism of action of natural products cannot be clarified. In the future, we need to further improve the detailed mechanism of natural products for the treatment of constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Anorectal surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Department of Anorectal surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yan
- Department of Anorectal surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China.
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10
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Xia R, Peng HF, Zhang X, Zhang HS. Comprehensive review of amino acid transporters as therapeutic targets. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129646. [PMID: 38272411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The solute carrier (SLC) family, with more than 400 membrane-bound proteins, facilitates the transport of a wide array of substrates such as nutrients, ions, metabolites, and drugs across biological membranes. Amino acid transporters (AATs) are membrane transport proteins that mediate transfer of amino acids into and out of cells or cellular organelles. AATs participate in many important physiological functions including nutrient supply, metabolic transformation, energy homeostasis, redox regulation, and neurological regulation. Several AATs have been found to significantly impact the progression of human malignancies, and dysregulation of AATs results in metabolic reprogramming affecting tumor growth and progression. However, current clinical therapies that directly target AATs have not been developed. The purpose of this review is to highlight the structural and functional diversity of AATs, the molecular mechanisms in human diseases such as tumors, kidney diseases, and emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting AATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xia
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hai-Feng Peng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100(#), District of Chaoyang, Beijing 100124, China.
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11
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Wang X, Guo R, Yu Z, Zikela L, Li J, Li S, Han Q. Torreya grandis Kernel Oil Alleviates Loperamide-Induced Slow Transit Constipation via Up-Regulating the Colonic Expressions of Occludin/Claudin-1/ZO-1 and 5-HT3R/5-HT4R in BALB/c Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300615. [PMID: 38152983 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Torreya grandis kernel has traditionally been used to remove intestinal parasites and increases intestinal motility. However, the effect of Torreya grandis kernel oil (TKO) on constipation has not yet been investigated. Therefore, mouse model is used to investigate the effect of TKO on slow transit constipation (STC) and its possible mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of TKO on intestinal motility of STC mice are evaluated by fecal weight, fecal water content, colon length, defecation test, and intestinal propulsion test. The mechanism of TKO alleviating STC is explored by detecting biochemical analysis, histological analysis, western blot, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and gut microbiota analysis. The results reveal that TKO effectively promotes defecation and intestinal motility, increases the level of endothelin-1, and restores the histopathological morphology of the colon under LOP pretreatment. The expression levels of occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA and protein are up-regulated in mice receiving TKO treatment. The colonic 5-hydroxytryptamine 3R/4R (5-HT3R/5-HT4R) expressions are also increased by TKO supplementation. Additionally, TKO rescues LOP-caused disorders of the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Consumption of TKO is beneficial to STC recovery, and it can alleviate LOP-induced STC by up-regulating the colonic expressions of Occludin/Claudin-1/ZO-1 and 5-HT3R/5-HT4R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Zhuoli Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Lalai Zikela
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Jiaomei Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Songtao Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Qiang Han
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
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12
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Cheng S, Cui H, Zhang J, Wang Q, Duan Z. Probiotic potential of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus VHProbi M15 on sucralfate-induced constipation in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1131. [PMID: 38212429 PMCID: PMC10784533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51497-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential probiotic properties of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus VHProbi®M15 (M15). This study examined the effects of M15 on sucralfate-induced constipation in a mouse model. The BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: the normal group (NOR) was without any treatment, while the constipation (CON), phenolphthalein (PHE), and probiotic (PRO) treatment groups were fed with sucralfate until the appearance of constipation symptoms. Afterward, the NOR and CON groups were given 1 ml saline orally every day until the end of the experiment; the PHE and PRO groups were given phenolphthalein or M15 suspension in 1 ml orally, respectively. Compared with the CON group, the fecal water content and intestinal peristalsis improved in the PRO group. Here, intake of M15 effectively attenuated sucralfate-induced constipation, recuperated colonic epithelial integrity, and increased serum levels of gastrointestinal excitatory neurotransmitters (motilin, gastrin, substance P). Analysis of the intestinal microbiota of mice by 16S rRNA metagenomic revealed an increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroides and a decrease in Sclerotinia, Verrucosa and Proteus in the PRO group. Compared with the CON group, the constipation-induced intestinal microecological changes were partially recovered in the PHE and PRO groups. These results demonstrate that M15 enhanced gastrointestinal transit and alleviated in mice with sucralfate-induced constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Cheng
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Hongchang Cui
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi Duan
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China.
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Yang M, Gan J, Liu S, Yang Y, Han J, Meng Q, Yang F, Ji Y. Associations Between Plasma Orexin-A Level and Constipation in Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:409-419. [PMID: 38143347 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation is a common symptom in dementia, and the cause is controversial. Rare clinical studies focused on plasma orexin-A levels and constipation in dementia. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between orexin-A and constipation in patients with cognitive impairment. METHODS A total of 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 142 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 57 with Lewy body dementia (LBD) were conducted. Besides informant-based history, neurological examinations or neuropsychological assessments, plasma levels of orexin-A, and constipation were assessed. The associations between orexin-A and constipation were evaluated by logistic regression models. RESULTS There were 47/220 (21.36%) cognitive impairment patients having constipation, and the proportion of constipation in LBD (61.40%) was significantly higher than AD (5.63%) and MCI (19.05%). No significant age or sex differences in the prevalence of constipation were found in the MCI, AD, and LBD groups. We found the cognitive impairment patients with constipation had lower levels of plasma orexin-A [1.00 (0.86, 1.28) versus 1.29 (1.01, 1.50) ng/ml, p < 0.001] than those without. And the plasma levels of orexin-A were significantly associated with the occurrence of constipation after adjusting for all variables in all patients with cognitive impairment (OR = 0.151, 95% CI: 0.042-0.537, p = 0.003). And the same finding was more prominent in the LBD group (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS The decrease of plasma level of orexin-A is closely associated with the occurrence of constipation. Orexin-A has an intestinal protective effect and is involved in the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Yang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Nursing, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiuyan Han
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fan Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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14
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Blonska A, Chojnacki M, Macieja A, Blasiak J, Majsterek I, Chojnacki J, Poplawski T. Tryptophan Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women with Functional Constipation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:273. [PMID: 38203444 PMCID: PMC10778582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation belongs to conditions commonly reported by postmenopausal women, but the mechanism behind this association is not fully known. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between some metabolites of tryptophan (TRP) and the occurrence and severity of abdominal symptoms (Rome IV) in postmenopausal women with functional constipation (FC, n = 40) as compared with age-adjusted postmenopausal women without FC. All women controlled their TRP intake in their daily diet. Urinary levels of TRP and its metabolites, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN), and 3-indoxyl sulfate (indican, 3-IS), were determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Dysbiosis was assessed by a hydrogen-methane breath test. Women with FC consumed less TRP and had a lower urinary level of 5-HIAA, but higher levels of KYN and 3-IS compared with controls. The severity of symptoms showed a negative correlation with the 5-HIAA level, and a positive correlation with the 3-IS level. In conclusion, changes in TRP metabolism may contribute to FC in postmenopausal women, and dysbiosis may underlie this contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Blonska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcin Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Anna Macieja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Plock, 09-402 Plock, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Tomasz Poplawski
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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15
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Li YQ, Yan XY, Xiao XJ, Ma PT, Wang SQ, Liu HL, Zhang W, Chen M, Yao JP, Li Y. The gut microbiome and metabolites are altered and interrelated in patients with functional constipation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1320567. [PMID: 38125567 PMCID: PMC10731029 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1320567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gut microbiota and metabolites have been identified to contribute to the pathogenesis of functional constipation (FC); however, the underlying mechanism(s) have not been elucidated, and the relationship between the gut microbiota and metabolites in FC has received limited attention in the literature. Methods 16S rDNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomic detection based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technologies were combined to analyze the altered gut microbiome and metabolic profile of fecal samples from FC patients and healthy individuals (healthy control; HC). Results The richness and diversity of gut microbiota significantly (p < 0.01) increased in FC patients. Compared to the HC group, 18 genera, including Intestinibacter, Klebsiella, and Akkermansia, exhibited statistically significant changes (p < 0.05). Metabolic analysis showed that metabolic profiles were also markedly altered with 79 metabolites, such as (-)-caryophyllene oxide, chenodeoxycholic acid, and biliverdin, indicating significant inter-group differences (p < 0.05). Besides, the primary bile acid biosynthesis, as well as the metabolic profile of porphyrin and chlorophyll, were the most dominant enriched pathways (FDR < 0.01), in which chenodeoxycholic acid and biliverdin were significantly enriched, respectively. Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong relationship between 10 genera and 19 metabolites (r > 0.6, FDR < 0.05), and notably, Intestinibacter showed a negative correlation with biliverdin (FDR < 0.001), which highlighted the interplay of the gut microbiota and metabolites in the pathogenesis of FC. Conclusion Our research describes the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles and the correlation between the gut microbiota and metabolites in FC patients. This may contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in FC pathogenesis and may provide novel insights into therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-qiu Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang-yun Yan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-jun Xiao
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei-tao Ma
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Si-qi Wang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui-lin Liu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Anorectal Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun-peng Yao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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16
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Zhang T, Liu W, Lu H, Cheng T, Wang L, Wang G, Zhang H, Chen W. Lactic acid bacteria in relieving constipation: mechanism, clinical application, challenge, and opportunity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37971876 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2278155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal symptom that can considerably affect a patients' quality of life. Although several drugs have been used to treat constipation, they are associated with high costs, side effects, and low universality. Therefore, alternative intervention strategies are urgently needed. Traditional lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, play a vital role in regulating intestinal microecology and have demonstrated favorable effects in constipation; however, a comprehensive review of their constipation relief mechanisms is limited. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of constipation and the relationship between intestinal motility and gut microbiota, elucidates the possible mechanism by which LAB alleviates of constipation through a systematic summary of animal and clinical research, and highlights the challenges and applications of LAB in the treatment of constipation. Our review can improve our understanding of constipation, and advance targeted microecological therapeutic agents, such as LAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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17
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Yan XY, Yao JP, Li YQ, Xiao XJ, Yang WQ, Chen SJ, Tang TC, Yang YQ, Qu L, Hou YJ, Chen M, Li Y. Effects of acupuncture on gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in patients with functional constipation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1223742. [PMID: 37719865 PMCID: PMC10502303 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1223742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the effect of acupuncture on gut microbiota, identify specific microbes closely related to the clinical efficacy of acupuncture, and explored the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Methods: A randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 80 FC patients and 28 healthy controls (HCs). FC patients randomly received 16 acupuncture (n = 40) or sham acupuncture (n = 40) sessions over 4 weeks; HCs received no treatment. The change in the proportion of patients with mean weekly complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) was considered as the primary outcome measure. Moreover, the composition and the predictive metabolic function of the gut microbiota from feceal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while feceal SCFAs were identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: Compared to sham acupuncture, acupuncture significantly increased the proportion of CSBM responders, and improved spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs), straining, stool consistency, and quality of life. Moreover, Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that acupuncture improved β-diversity and restored the composition of gut microbiota. Specifically, the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as g_Lactobacillus increased while that of pathogenic bacteria such as g_Pseudomonas decreased after acupuncture, which were significantly correlated with alleviated symptoms. Moreover, ten microbes including g_Coprobacter, g_Lactobacillus, and g_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group might be considered acupuncture-specific microbes, and formed a stable interaction network. Additionally, GC-MS analysis indicated that acupuncture increased the content of butyrate acid in the gut, which was positively correlated with an increase in defecation frequency and a decrease in acupuncture-related pathogens. Finally, acupuncture specific-microbes including g_Coprobacter, g_Lactobacillus, g_Pseudomonas, g_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, g_Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG.003, g_Prevotellaceae_UCG.001, and g_Rolstonia could accurately predict the clinical efficacy of acupuncture (AUC = 0.918). Conclusion: Acupuncture could effectively improve clinical symptoms in FC patients, and was associated with gut microbiota reshaping and increased butyrate acid levels. Moreover, key microbial genera such as g_Coprobacter and g_Lactobacillus was predictive of acupuncture efficacy in treating FC. Future studies are required to validate the causal relationship between key microbial genera and acupuncture clinical efficacy, and should explore further metabolic pathways for designing personalized treatment strategies. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn, Identifier: ChiCTR2100048831.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yun Yan
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Peng Yao
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Li
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian-Jun Xiao
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan-Qing Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Si-Jue Chen
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tai-Chun Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Qing Yang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Qu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Jun Hou
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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18
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Gonzalez-Mercado VJ, Lim J, Aouizerat B. Insights from Bacterial 16S rRNA Gene into Bacterial Genera and Predicted Metabolic Pathways Associated with Stool Consistency in Rectal Cancer Patients: A Proof of Concept. Biol Res Nurs 2023; 25:491-500. [PMID: 36859821 PMCID: PMC10404905 DOI: 10.1177/10998004231159623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine if gut microbial taxa abundances and predicted functional pathways correlate with Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) classification at the end of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CRT) for rectal cancer. METHODS Rectal cancer patients (n = 39) provided stool samples for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Stool consistency was evaluated using the BSFS. Gut microbiome data were analyzed using QIIME2. Correlation analysis were performed in R. RESULTS At the genus level, Staphylococcus positively correlates (Spearman's rho = 0.26), while Anaerofustis, Roseburia, Peptostreptococcaceae unclassified, Ruminococcaceae UBA1819, Shuttleworthia, Ca. Soleaferrea, Anaerostignum, Oscillibacter, and Akkermansia negatively correlate with BSFS scores (Spearman's rho -0.20 to -0.42). Predicted pathways, including mycothiol biosynthesis and sucrose degradation III (sucrose invertase), were positively correlated with BSFS (Spearman's rho = 0.03-0.21). CONCLUSION The data support that in rectal cancer patients, stool consistency is an important factor to include in microbiome studies. Loose/liquid stools may be linked to Staphylococcus abundance and to mycothiol biosynthesis and sucrose degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Lim
- University of South Florida Tampa Campus, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bradley Aouizerat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Yi X, Zhou K, Jiang P, Deng N, Peng X, Tan Z. Brain-bacteria-gut axis and oxidative stress mediated by intestinal mucosal microbiota might be an important mechanism for constipation in mice. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:192. [PMID: 37205176 PMCID: PMC10185723 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota disorder was associated with constipation. This study investigated the microbiota-gut-brain axis and oxidative stress mediated by intestinal mucosal microbiota in mice with spleen deficiency constipation. The Kunming mice were randomly divided into the control (MC) group and the constipation (MM) group. The spleen deficiency constipation model was established by gavage with Folium sennae decoction and controlled diet and water intake. The body weight, spleen and thymus index, 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) content were significantly lower in the MM group than the MC group, the content of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly higher than the MC group. The Alpha diversity of intestinal mucosal bacteria was not changed but beta diversity was changed in mice with spleen deficiency constipation. Compared to the MC group, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was an upward trend and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) value was a downward trend in the MM group. There was a significant difference in the characteristic microbiota between the two groups. In the MM group, Brevinema, Akkermansia, Parasutterella, Faecalibaculum, Aeromonas, Sphingobium, Actinobacillus, and other pathogenic bacteria were enriched. Meanwhile, there was a certain relationship between the microbiota and gastrointestinal neuropeptide and oxidative stress indicators. The community structure of intestinal mucosal bacteria in mice with spleen deficiency constipation was changed, which was characterized by the reduction of F/B value and enrichment of Proteobacteria. Microbiota-gut-brain axis may be important for spleen deficiency constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- The Domestic First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
| | - Kang Zhou
- The Domestic First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
| | - Ping Jiang
- The Domestic First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007 China
| | - Na Deng
- The Domestic First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
| | - Xinxin Peng
- The Domestic First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007 China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- The Domestic First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
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20
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Anthocyanin extract from black rice attenuates chronic inflammation in DSS-induced colitis mouse model by modulating the gut microbiota. OPEN CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
There is substantial evidence for the probiotic activity of anthocyanins, but the relationship between anthocyanins involved in the regulation of microbiota and intestinal inflammation has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of black rice anthocyanin extract (BRAE) on intestinal microbiota imbalance in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis. DSS was added into drinking water to induce a mouse model of chronic experimental colitis, and BRAE was given by gavage (200 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Body weight, fecal viscosity, and hematochezia were monitored during administration. After mice were sacrificed, the serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the composition of intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that BRAE significantly suppressed DSS-induced colonic inflammatory phenotypes and maintained colon length in mice. In addition, BRAE reduced intestinal permeability and improved intestinal barrier dysfunction in mice with colitis. Gut microbiota analysis showed that BRAE significantly improved the imbalance of intestinal microecological diversity caused by DSS, inhibited the increase in the relative abundance of inflammatory bacteria, and promoted the abundance of anti-inflammatory probiotics including Akkermansia spp.
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21
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Yi X, Zhou K, Deng N, Cai Y, Peng X, Tan Z. Simo decoction curing spleen deficiency constipation was associated with brain-bacteria-gut axis by intestinal mucosal microbiota. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1090302. [PMID: 36846756 PMCID: PMC9947565 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1090302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Simo decoction (SMD) is a traditional prescription for treating gastrointestinal diseases. More and more evidences prove that SMD can treat constipation by regulating intestinal microbiota and related oxidative stress indicators, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. Methods A network pharmacological analysis was used to predict the medicinal substances and potential targets of SMD to alleviate constipation. Then, 15 male mice were randomly divided into normal group (MN group), natural recovery group (MR group), and SMD treatment group (MT group). Constipation model mice were constructed by gavage of Folium sennae decoction and control of diet and drinking water, and SMD was used for intervention after successful modeling. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and fecal microbial activities were measured, and the intestinal mucosal microbiota was sequenced. Result Network pharmacology analysis showed that a total of 24 potential active components were obtained from SMD, and 226 target proteins were obtained after conversion. Meanwhile, we obtained 1,273 and 424 disease-related targets in the GeneCards database and the DisGeNET database, respectively. After combination and deduplication, the disease targets shared 101 targets with the potential active components of SMD. When the mice were intervened with SMD, the 5-HT, VIP, MDA, SOD content, and microbial activity in MT group were close to MN group, and Chao 1 and ACE in MT group were significantly higher than that in MR group. In the Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis, the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Alistipes, Subdoligranulum, Lactiplantibacillus, and Phascolarctobacterium in MT group increased. At the same time, there were some associations between microbiota and brain-gut peptides and oxidative stress indicators. Conclusion SMD can promote intestinal health and relieve constipation through brain-bacteria-gut axis associating with intestinal mucosal microbiota and alleviate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Na Deng
- The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Cai
- The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Peng
- The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Xinxin Peng, ✉
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Zhoujin Tan, ✉
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22
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Wu JX, He Q, Zhou Y, Xu JY, Zhang Z, Chen CL, Wu YH, Chen Y, Qin LQ, Li YH. Protective effect and mechanism of lactoferrin combined with hypoxia against high-fat diet induced obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:839-850. [PMID: 36563804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic, it can induce glucose and lipid metabolism disorder and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study explored a new way to control weight and improve fatty liver, namely, living in hypoxia environment and supplement with lactoferrin (Lf). Sixty male C57BL/6J mice were divided into six groups, namely, control, hypoxia, high-fat diet, hypoxia + high-fat diet, hypoxia + high-fat diet + low dose Lf intervention, and hypoxia + high-fat diet + high-dose Lf intervention. Mice in the hypoxia treatment groups were treated with approximately 11.5 % oxygen for 6 h every day for 8 weeks. Results showed that interventions combining Lf and hypoxia treatments showed better effect against obesity and NAFLD than hypoxia treatment alone. The interventions controlled weight gain in mice, improved glucolipid metabolism in mice. The combination intervention reduced cholesterol absorption by reducing the level of hydrophobic bile acids, and elevating the level of hydrophilic bile acids. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that the combination intervention considerably elevated short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria level, and reduced the Desulfovibrionaceae_unclassified level. Thus, Lf combined with hypoxia intervention effectively prevents obesity and NAFLD by restoring gut microbiota composition and bile acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Xue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Center of Child Health Management, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai-Long Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Center of Child Health Management, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Food Science School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yun-Hong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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23
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Liu X, Li M, Jian C, Wei F, Liu H, Li K, Qin X. Astragalus Polysaccharide Alleviates Constipation in the Elderly Via Modification of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolism. Rejuvenation Res 2022; 25:275-290. [PMID: 36205566 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, whose incidence increasing with age. As one of the main components, Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been used to treat a variety of diseases. This study aimed to explore the effects of APS on the improvement of gastrointestinal functions and learning memory in elderly rats with constipation. In this study, both 16S rRNA sequencing-based microbiome and 1H NMR-based metabolomics were applied to demonstrate the effects of APS on host metabolism and gut microbiota of the elderly rats with constipation. On top of this, we constructed both inter- and inner-layer networks, intuitively showing the correlations among behavioral indicators, intestinal bacteria, and differential metabolites. Our results showed that APS significantly ameliorated the constipation and the cognitive dysfunctions of rats. Microbiome analysis revealed that APS raised the relative abundance of Blautia, whereas decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the elderly rats with constipation. In addition, APS decreased the levels of acetate, butyrate, and propionate in the fecal samples, correspondingly regulating glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabolism and pyruvate metabolism. These findings lay solid foundations for understanding the pathogenesis of constipation in the elderly, and also offer a promising new treatment strategy for constipation in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fuxiao Wei
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huanle Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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24
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Neoagaro-Oligosaccharides Ameliorate Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depression by Increasing 5-HT and BDNF in the Brain and Remodeling the Gut Microbiota of Mice. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20110725. [PMID: 36422003 PMCID: PMC9693468 DOI: 10.3390/md20110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoagaro-oligosaccharides (NAOs) belong to the algae oligosaccharides. NAOs have been found to have diverse biological activities. However, the effects of NAOs on depression and their underlying mechanism have not been thoroughly studied. A chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced C57BL/6J mouse model was used to assess the antidepressant effects of NAOs. Anxiety and depression behaviors were assessed by open field tests (OFT) and forced swimming tests (FST), while interleukin 18 (IL-18), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were the molecular biomarkers of depression. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed. The results showed that NAO treatment significantly improved the body weight of depressed mice and reduced the central area time in the OFT and immobility time in the FST. NAO treatment decreased the levels of IL-18 in the serum and increased the levels of 5-HT in the serum and whole brain and of BDNF in the whole brain. NAO treatment mitigated the gut microbiota dysbiosis in the depressed mice and reversed the decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the cecum of the depressed mice. FMT indicated that the gut microbiota is, indeed, linked to depression, which was reflected in the changes in weight gain and behaviors. In a word, NAOs effectively reversed the CRS-induced mice model of depression, which depended on the changes in the gut microbiota and SCFAs, as well as its modulation of 5-HT and BDNF.
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25
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Feng Y, Hang L, Zhou Y, Jiang FR, Yuan JY. Gut microbiota plays a role in irritable bowel syndrome by regulating 5-HT metabolism. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:941-949. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i21.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. Brain-gut-microbiota axis dysfunction is an important pathogenic factor for IBS, in which neurotransmitters and gut microbes play key roles. The gastrointestinal tract contains large amounts of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), a neurotransmitter that has been strongly linked to IBS-related symptoms. More than 90% of serotonin is synthesized in the gut by enterochromaffin cells (ECs), and certain intestinal flora can affect the occurrence and development of IBS by regulating 5-HT and its metabolism. In this review, we will discuss the role of gut microbiota in IBS by regulating 5-HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Feng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Hang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ru Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Ye Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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26
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Song T, Qin Y, Ke L, Wang X, Wang K, Sun Y, Ye J. Dietary Lactoferrin Supplementation Improves Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Orange-Spotted Groupers ( Epinephelus coioides). Metabolites 2022; 12:915. [PMID: 36295817 PMCID: PMC9607261 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary lactoferrin (LF) supplementation on the growth performance and intestinal health of juvenile orange-spotted groupers fed high-soybean-meal (SBM) diets. The control diet (FM) and high-soybean-meal diet (SBM60) were prepared to contain 480 g/kg protein and 110 g/kg fat. Three inclusion levels of 2, 6, and 10 g/kg LF were added into the SBM60 to prepare three diets (recorded as LF2, LF6, and LF10, respectively). The results showed that the supplementation of LF in SBM60 increased the growth rate in a dose-dependent manner. However, the feed utilization, hepatosomatic index, whole-body proximate composition, and the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota did not vary across the dietary treatments (p > 0.05). After the dietary intervention with LF, the contents of the intestinal malondialdehyde, endotoxin, and d-lactic acid, as well as the plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol were lower, and the intestinal activities of the glutathione peroxidase, lipase, trypsin, and protease were higher in the LF2-LF10 groups than that in the SBM60 group (p < 0.05). The supplementation of LF in SBM60 increased the muscle layer thickness of the middle and distal intestine and the mucosal fold length of the middle intestine vs. the SBM60 diet (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the supplementation of LF in SBM60 resulted in an up-regulation of the mRNA levels for the IL-10 and TGF-β1 genes and a down-regulation of the mRNA levels of the IL-1β, IL-12, IL-8, and TNF-α genes vs. the SBM60 diet (p < 0.05). The above results showed that a dietary LF intervention improves the growth and alleviates soybean meal-induced enteritis in juvenile orange-spotted groupers. The dietary appropriate level of LF was at 5.8 g/kg, through the regression analysis of the percent weight gain against the dietary LF inclusion levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yingmei Qin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Liner Ke
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yunzhang Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jidan Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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27
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Dysregulation of the Enteric Nervous System in the Mid Colon of Complement Component 3 Knockout Mice with Constipation Phenotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126862. [PMID: 35743302 PMCID: PMC9225043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement component 3 (C3) contributes to neurogenesis, neural migration, and synaptic elimination under normal and disease conditions of the brain, even though it has not been studied in the enteric nervous system (ENS). To determine the role of C3 in the regulatory mechanism of ENS during C3 deficiency-induced constipation, the changes in the markers of neuronal and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), the markers for excitatory and inhibitory transmission of ENS, and expression of C3 receptors were analyzed in the mid colon of C3 knockout (KO) mice at 16 weeks of age. Prominent constipation phenotypes, including the decrease in stool parameters, changes in the histological structure, and suppression of mucin secretion, were detected in C3 KO mice compared to wildtype (WT) mice. The expression levels of the neuron specific enolase (NSE), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), and C-kit markers for myenteric neurons and ICCs were lower in the mid colon of C3 KO mice than WT mice. Excitatory transmission analysis revealed similar suppression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentration, expression of 5-HT receptors, acetylcholine (ACh) concentration, ACh esterase (AChE) activity, and expression of muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs), despite the mAChRs downstream signaling pathway being activated in the mid colon of C3 KO mice. In inhibitory transmission analysis, C3 KO mice showed an increase in the nitric oxide (NO) concentration and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, while neuronal NOS (nNOS) expression, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastrin concentration were decreased in the same mice. Furthermore, the levels of C3a receptor (C3aR) and C3bR expression were enhanced in the mid colon of C3 KO mice compared to the WT mice during C3 deficiency-induced constipation. Overall, these results indicate that a dysregulation of the ENS may play an important role in C3 deficiency-induced constipation in the mid colon of C3 KO mice.
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