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Hussaini IM, Oyewole OA, Sulaiman MA, Dabban AI, Sulaiman AN, Tarek R. Microbial anti-biofilms: types and mechanism of action. Res Microbiol 2024; 175:104111. [PMID: 37844786 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms have been recognized as a serious threat to public health as it protects microbes from antimicrobials, immune defence mechanisms, chemical treatments and nutritional stress. Biofilms are also a source of concern in industries and water treatment because their presence compromises the integrity of equipment. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to identify novel anti-biofilm compounds. Products of microorganisms have been identified as promising broad-spectrum anti-biofilm agents. These natural products include biosurfactants, antimicrobial peptides, enzymes and bioactive compounds. Anti-biofilm products of microbial origin are chemically diverse and possess a broad spectrum of activities against biofilms. The objective of this review is to give an overview of the different types of microbial anti-biofilm products and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oluwafemi Adebayo Oyewole
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria; African Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Asmau Nna Sulaiman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Reham Tarek
- Department of Biotechnology, Cairo University, Egypt
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2
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Díaz-Navarro M, Samaniego R, Piqueras JC, Díez R, Hafian R, Manzano I, Muñoz P, Guembe M. Understanding the diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection: real-time monitoring of biofilm growth dynamics using time-lapse optical microscopy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1286527. [PMID: 38125909 PMCID: PMC10731284 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1286527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The differential time to positivity (DTTP) technique is recommended for the conservative diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection (C-RBSI). The technique is based on a 120-minute difference between microbial growth in blood drawn through the catheter and blood drawn through a peripheral vein. However, this cut-off has failed to confirm C-RBSI caused by Candida spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Objective We hypothesized that the biofilm of both microorganisms disperses faster than that of other microorganisms and that microbial load is rapidly equalized between catheter and peripheral blood. Therefore, our aim was to compare the biofilm dynamics of various microorganisms. Methods Biofilm of ATCC strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans was grown on silicon disks and analyzed using time-lapse optical microscopy. The time-lapse images of biofilms were processed using ImageJ2 software. Cell dispersal time and biofilm thickness were calculated. Results The mean (standard deviation) dispersal time in C. albicans and S. aureus biofilms was at least nearly 3 hours lower than in biofilm of S. epidermidis, and at least 15 minutes than in E. faecalis and E. coli biofilms. Conclusion Our findings could explain why early dissemination of cells in C. albicans and S. aureus prevents us from confirming or ruling out the catheter as the source of the bloodstream infection using the cut-off of 120 minutes in the DTTP technique. In addition, DTTP may not be sufficiently reliable for E. coli since their dispersion time is less than the cut-off of 120 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Díaz-Navarro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Samaniego
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Confocal Microscopy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Díez
- School of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rama Hafian
- School of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Manzano
- School of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Guembe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Contreras Martínez OI, Angulo Ortíz A, Santafé Patiño G, Peñata-Taborda A, Berrio Soto R. Isoespintanol Antifungal Activity Involves Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inhibition of Biofilm Formation, and Damage to Cell Wall Integrity in Candida tropicalis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10187. [PMID: 37373346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing increase in infections caused by C. tropicalis, associated with its drug resistance and consequent high mortality, especially in immunosuppressed people, today generates a serious global public health problem. In the search for new potential drug candidates that can be used as treatments or adjuvants in the control of infections by these pathogenic yeasts, the objective of this research was to evaluate the action of isoespintanol (ISO) against the formation of fungal biofilms, the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and its effect on the integrity of the cell wall. We report the ability of ISO to inhibit the formation of biofilms by up to 89.35%, in all cases higher than the values expressed by amphotericin B (AFB). Flow cytometric experiments using rhodamine 123 (Rh123) showed the ability of ISO to cause mitochondrial dysfunction in these cells. Likewise, experiments using calcofluor white (CFW) and analyzed by flow cytometry showed the ability of ISO to affect the integrity of the cell wall by stimulating chitin synthesis; these changes in the integrity of the wall were also observed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These mechanisms are involved in the antifungal action of this monoterpene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Angulo Ortíz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Gilmar Santafé Patiño
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Ana Peñata-Taborda
- Biomedical and Molecular Biology Research Group, Universidad del Sinú E.B.Z., Montería 230001, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Berrio Soto
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
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Spoladori LFDA, Andriani GM, Castro IMD, Suzukawa HT, Gimenes ACR, Bartolomeu-Gonçalves G, Ishida K, Nakazato G, Pinge-Filho P, Machado RRB, Nakamura CV, Andrade G, Tavares ER, Yamauchi LM, Yamada-Ogatta SF. Synergistic Antifungal Interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain Metabolites and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles against Candida auris. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050861. [PMID: 37237764 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida auris has been found to be a persistent colonizer of human skin and a successful pathogen capable of causing potentially fatal infection, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This fungal species is usually resistant to most antifungal agents and has the ability to form biofilms on different surfaces, representing a significant therapeutic challenge. Herein, the effect of metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV strain, alone and combined with biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (bioAgNP), was evaluated in planktonic and sessile (biofilm) cells of C. auris. First, the minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentration values of 3.12 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively, were determined for F4a, a semi-purified bacterial fraction. Fluopsin C and indolin-3-one seem to be the active components of F4a. Like the semi-purified fraction, they showed a time- and dose-dependent fungicidal activity. F4a and bioAgNP caused severe changes in the morphology and ultrastructure of fungal cells. F4a and indolin-3-one combined with bioAgNP exhibited synergistic fungicidal activity against planktonic cells. F4a, alone or combined with bioAgNP, also caused a significant decrease in the number of viable cells within the biofilms. No cytotoxicity to mammalian cells was detected for bacterial metabolites combined with bioAgNP at synergistic concentrations that presented antifungal activity. These results indicate the potential of F4a combined with bioAgNP as a new strategy for controlling C. auris infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Maria Andriani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Isabela Madeira de Castro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Helena Tiemi Suzukawa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ramos Gimenes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bartolomeu-Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Laboratorial, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86038-350, Brazil
| | - Kelly Ishida
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia Antifúngica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Rayanne Regina Beltrame Machado
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Eliandro Reis Tavares
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Lucy Megumi Yamauchi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86057-970, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Laboratorial, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina CEP 86038-350, Brazil
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Rodríguez-Temporal D, Díez R, Díaz-Navarro M, Escribano P, Guinea J, Muñoz P, Rodríguez-Sánchez B, Guembe M. Determination of the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify high-biofilm-producing strains. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1104405. [PMID: 36704568 PMCID: PMC9871577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1104405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The traditional method for assessing the capacity of a microorganism to produce biofilm is generally a static in vitro model in a multi-well plate using the crystal violet (CV) binding assay, which takes 96 h. Furthermore, while the method is simple to perform, its reproducibility is poor. Objective We evaluated whether matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) could make it possible to differentiate between high-and low-biofilm-producing microorganisms on 24-h cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Methods We included 157 strains of S. aureus and 91 strains of C. albicans obtained from the blood cultures of patients with bacteremia/candidemia. We tested biofilm production using the CV binding assay as the gold standard to classify strains as low or high biofilm producers. We then applied MALDI-TOF MS to create a machine learning-based predictive model using 40 strains of S. aureus and C. albicans, each with extreme absorbance values, and validated this approach with the remaining 117 and 51 strains using the random forest algorithm and the support vector machine algorithm, respectively. Results Overall, 81.2% of the S. aureus strains (95/117) and 74.5% of the C. albicans strains (38/51) used for validation were correctly categorized, respectively, as low and high-biofilm-producing. Conclusion Classification based on MALDI-TOF MS protein spectra enables us to predict acceptable information about the capacity of 24-h cultures of S. aureus and C. albicans to form biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rodríguez-Temporal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Díez
- School of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Díaz-Navarro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Escribano
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Guinea
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Guembe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: María Guembe,
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6
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Contreras Martínez OI, Angulo Ortíz A, Santafé Patiño G. Mechanism of Antifungal Action of Monoterpene Isoespintanol against Clinical Isolates of Candida tropicalis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185808. [PMID: 36144544 PMCID: PMC9505055 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing increase in infections by Candida spp., non-albicans, coupled with expressed drug resistance and high mortality, especially in immunocompromised patients, have made candidemia a great challenge. The efficacy of compounds of plant origin with antifungal potential has recently been reported as an alternative to be used. Our objective was to evaluate the mechanism of the antifungal action of isoespintanol (ISO) against clinical isolates of Candida tropicalis. Microdilution assays revealed fungal growth inhibition, showing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 326.6 and 500 µg/mL. The eradication of mature biofilms by ISO was between 20.3 and 25.8% after 1 h of exposure, being in all cases higher than the effect caused by amphotericin B (AFB), with values between 7.2 and 12.4%. Flow cytometry showed changes in the permeability of the plasma membrane, causing loss of intracellular material and osmotic balance; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the damage to the integrity of the plasma membrane. Furthermore, ISO induced the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS). This indicates that the antifungal action of ISO is associated with damage to membrane integrity and the induction of iROS production, causing cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Angulo Ortíz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Gilmar Santafé Patiño
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
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7
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Wang S, Wang P, Liu J, Yang C, Wang Q, Su M, Wei M, Gu L. Antibiofilm Activity of Essential Fatty Acids Against Candida albicans from Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Bloodstream Infections. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4181-4193. [PMID: 35946033 PMCID: PMC9357398 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s373991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiangyi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingze Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ming Wei; Li Gu, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-10-85231513, Email ;
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Di Domenico EG, Oliva A, Guembe M. The Current Knowledge on the Pathogenesis of Tissue and Medical Device-Related Biofilm Infections. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071259. [PMID: 35888978 PMCID: PMC9322301 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm is the trigger for the majority of infections caused by the ability of microorganisms to adhere to tissues and medical devices. Microbial cells embedded in the biofilm matrix are highly tolerant to antimicrobials and escape the host immune system. Thus, the refractory nature of biofilm-related infections (BRIs) still represents a great challenge for physicians and is a serious health threat worldwide. Despite its importance, the microbiological diagnosis of a BRI is still difficult and not routinely assessed in clinical microbiology. Moreover, biofilm bacteria are up to 100–1000 times less susceptible to antibiotics than their planktonic counterpart. Consequently, conventional antibiograms might not be representative of the bacterial drug susceptibility in vivo. The timely recognition of a BRI is a crucial step to directing the most appropriate biofilm-targeted antimicrobial strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - María Guembe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-914-269-595
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9
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:1645-1654. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Khona DK, Roy S, Ghatak S, Huang K, Jagdale G, Baker LA, Sen CK. Ketoconazole resistant Candida albicans is sensitive to a wireless electroceutical wound care dressing. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 142:107921. [PMID: 34419917 PMCID: PMC8788813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Wireless electroceutical dressing (WED) fabric kills bacteria and disrupts bacterial biofilm. This work tested, comparing with standard of care topical antibiotic ketoconazole, whether the weak electric field generated by WED is effective to manage infection caused by ketoconazole-resistant yeast Candida albicans. WED inhibited Candida albicans biofilm formation and planktonic growth. Unlike ketoconazole, WED inhibited yeast to hyphal transition and downregulated EAP1 curbing cell attachment. In response to WED-dependent down-regulation of biofilm-forming BRG1 and ROB1, BCR1 expression was markedly induced in what seems to be a futile compensatory response. WED induced NRG1 and TUP1, negative regulators of filamentation; it down-regulated EFG1, a positive regulator of hyphal pathway. Consistent with the anti-hyphal properties of WED, the expression of ALS3 and HWP1 were diminished. Ketoconazole failed to reproduce the effects of WED on NRG1, TUP1 and EFG1. WED blunted efflux pump activity; this effect was in direct contrast to that of ketoconazole. WED exposure compromised cellular metabolism. In the presence of ketoconazole, the effect was synergistic. Unlike ketoconazole, WED caused membrane depolarization, changes in cell wall composition and loss of membrane integrity. This work presents first evidence that weak electric field is useful in managing pathogens which are otherwise known to be antibiotic resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly K Khona
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Subhadip Ghatak
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Kaixiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Gargi Jagdale
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Chandan K Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
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Reginatto P, Joaquim AR, Rocha DA, Berlitz SJ, Külkamp-Guerreiro IC, De Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM. 8-hydroxyquinoline and quinazoline derivatives as potential new alternatives to combat Candida spp. biofilm. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 74:395-404. [PMID: 34822194 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Often associated to the colonization by Candida spp. biofilm, the catheter-related infections are a serious health problem since the absence of a specific therapy. Hence, the main objective of this work was to evaluate the activity of 8-hydroxyquinoline and quinazoline derivatives on Candida spp. biofilms. A quinazoline derivative (PH100) and an 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative (PH157) were tested against nine strains of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis, and their biofilms in polystyrene microtitre plates and on polyurethane central venous catheter. The PH157 compound was incorporated into a film-forming system-type formulation and its capacity to inhibit biofilm formation on catheters was evaluated. The compounds were active against planktonic and sessile cells, as well as against the tested biofilms. PH157 compound performed better than the PH100 compound. The formulation containing PH157 presented results very similar to those of the compound in solution, which indicates that its activity was preserved. Both compounds showed activity against Candida spp. strains and their biofilm, with better PH157 activity. The formulation preserved the action of the PH157 compound, in addition, it facilitates its application on the catheter. The structural modifications that these compounds allow can generate compounds that are even more active, both against planktonic cells and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Reginatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A R Joaquim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - D A Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - S J Berlitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - I C Külkamp-Guerreiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - S F De Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A M Fuentefria
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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12
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Kirchhoff L, Dittmer S, Weisner AK, Buer J, Rath PM, Steinmann J. Antibiofilm activity of antifungal drugs, including the novel drug olorofim, against Lomentospora prolificans. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 75:2133-2140. [PMID: 32386411 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with immunodeficiency or cystic fibrosis frequently suffer from respiratory fungal infections. In particular, biofilm-associated fungi cause refractory infection manifestations, linked to increased resistance to anti-infective agents. One emerging filamentous fungus is Lomentospora prolificans. Here, the biofilm-formation capabilities of L. prolificans isolates were investigated and the susceptibility of biofilms to various antifungal agents was analysed. METHODS Biofilm formation of L. prolificans (n = 11) was estimated by crystal violet stain and antibiofilm activity was additionally determined via detection of metabolically active biofilm using an XTT assay. Amphotericin B, micafungin, voriconazole and olorofim were compared with regard to their antibiofilm effects when added prior to adhesion, after adhesion and on mature and preformed fungal biofilms. Imaging via confocal laser scanning microscopy was carried out to demonstrate the effect of drug treatment on the fungal biofilm. RESULTS Antibiofilm activities of the tested antifungal agents were shown to be most effective on adherent cells whilst mature biofilm was the most resistant. The most promising antibiofilm effects were detected with voriconazole and olorofim. Olorofim showed an average minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of 0.06 mg/L, when added prior to and after adhesion. The MBECs of voriconazole were ≤4 mg/L. On mature biofilm the MBECs of olorofim and voriconazole were higher than the previously determined MICs against planktonic cultures. In contrast, amphotericin B and especially micafungin did not exhibit sufficient antibiofilm activity against L. prolificans. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the antibiofilm potential of olorofim against the human pathogenic fungus L. prolificans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kirchhoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Silke Dittmer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Weisner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Buer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter-Michael Rath
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joerg Steinmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Infectiology, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
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13
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Malchikova A, Klyasova G. In vitro activity of anidulafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole and amphotericin B against biofilms and planktonic forms of Candida species isolated from blood culture in patients with hematological malignancies. J Mycol Med 2021; 31:101162. [PMID: 34147758 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of anidulafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole and conventional amphotericin B against biofilms and planktonic forms of Candida species isolated from blood culture in patients with hematological malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antifungal susceptibility for planktonic forms and biofilms of Candida was determined by broth microdilution method as described by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27 methodology and metabolic XTT-based [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] reduction assay, respectively. RESULTS A total of 75 Candida isolates were evaluated between 2006-2018 yy at the National Research Center for Hematology, Russia, Moscow. Biofilm production was detected in 34 (45.3%) Candida species. Antifungal susceptibility was tested for 27 common species of Candida forming biofilms (8 C.krusei, 7 C.tropicalis, 7 C.albicans, 5 C.parapsilosis). MICs below the susceptibility breakpoints were found for 100% of planktonic forms of Candida species for anidulafungin, 85.2% for caspofungin, and 66.7% for fluconazole. Amphotericin B MIC90 for Candida species were less than or equal to 1 μg/ml. Candida biofilms were susceptible in vitro for both tested echinocandins, but MIC80 of anidulafungin were lower compared to caspofungin. The highest MIC80 against Candida biofilms was found for fluconazole (>1,024 μg/ml for all tested isolates) and for conventional amphotericin B (range 4-16 μg/ml). CONCLUSION The majority of Candida isolates grown as planktonic forms were susceptible to anidulafungin, caspofungin, conventional amphotericin B and fluconazole. Anidulafungin displayed higher activity against Candida biofilms than caspofungin. All Candida biofilms were resistant to fluconazole and conventional amphotericin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Malchikova
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Mycology and Antibiotic Therapy, National Research Center for Hematology, Noviy Zykovskiy proezd 4A, Moscow, 125167, Russian Federation.
| | - Galina Klyasova
- Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Mycology and Antibiotic Therapy, National Research Center for Hematology Moscow, Russian Federation.
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14
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Faria DR, Melo RC, Arita GS, Sakita KM, Rodrigues-Vendramini FAV, Capoci IRG, Becker TCA, Bonfim-Mendonça PDS, Felipe MSS, Svidzinski TIE, Kioshima ES. Fungicidal Activity of a Safe 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivative Against Candida albicans. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10030314. [PMID: 33800117 PMCID: PMC8001722 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common species isolated from nosocomial bloodstream infections. Due to limited therapeutic arsenal and increase of drug resistance, there is an urgent need for new antifungals. Therefore, the antifungal activity against C. albicans and in vivo toxicity of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole compound (LMM6) was evaluated. This compound was selected by in silico approach based on chemical similarity. LMM6 was highly effective against several clinical C. albicans isolates, with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 8 to 32 µg/mL. This compound also showed synergic effect with amphotericin B and caspofungin. In addition, quantitative assay showed that LMM6 exhibited a fungicidal profile and a promising anti-biofilm activity, pointing to its therapeutic potential. The evaluation of acute toxicity indicated that LMM6 is safe for preclinical trials. No mortality and no alterations in the investigated parameters were observed. In addition, no substantial alteration was found in Hippocratic screening, biochemical or hematological analyzes. LMM6 (5 mg/kg twice a day) was able to reduce both spleen and kidneys fungal burden and further, promoted the suppresses of inflammatory cytokines, resulting in infection control. These preclinical findings support future application of LMM6 as potential antifungal in the treatment of invasive candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Renata Faria
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Raquel Cabral Melo
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Glaucia Sayuri Arita
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Karina Mayumi Sakita
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Franciele Abigail Vilugron Rodrigues-Vendramini
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Isis Regina Grenier Capoci
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Tania Cristina Alexandrino Becker
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Maria Sueli Soares Felipe
- Program of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília 70790-160, Brazil;
| | - Terezinha Inez Estivalet Svidzinski
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
| | - Erika Seki Kioshima
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; (D.R.F.); (R.C.M.); (G.S.A.); (K.M.S.); (F.A.V.R.-V.); (I.R.G.C.); (P.d.S.B.-M.); (T.I.E.S.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-44-3011-4810
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15
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Adequate duration of therapy in severe fungal infections. Curr Opin Crit Care 2021; 26:466-472. [PMID: 32773617 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight recent findings on the adequate duration of antifungal therapy in patients with invasive fungal disease (IFD). RECENT FINDINGS Plenty of published data available suggest that there is no additional clinical benefit at a certain point after initiation of antifungal treatment in patients with confirmed IFD. Moreover, the prolonged antifungal exposure can be associated with an increased risk of side effects and toxicity as well as striking risk for developing antifungal resistance or rising unnecessary healthcare costs. Recent data suggest that, in the presence of an adequate initial antifungal therapy and adequate source control of the infection, new stratified approaches integrating clinical judgment, biomarkers and microbiological eradication, should be considered as an alternative to the 'one-size-fits-all' treatment duration currently used worldwide. SUMMARY The optimal duration of antifungal therapy is still an unresolved issue that depends by many key elements including the host; the pathogen and its microbiological eradication, the adequateness of initial antifungal therapy and the promptness of source control of the infection. In general, many patients with invasive candidiasis can be treated with a 2 weeks course of antifungal therapy. Longer antifungal course (6 weeks or more) is generally required for patients with invasive aspergilosis.
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Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Candidemia Caused by Meyerozyma guilliermondii Complex in Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:975-982. [PMID: 32989583 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although Meyerozyma guilliermondii complex is an uncommon cause of invasive candidiasis worldwide, reported cases, mainly regarding bloodstream infections, increased over years, and patients with cancer who have undergone recent surgery are most commonly affected. However, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of candidemia caused by M. guilliermondii complex remain poorly understood. A retrospective case-control study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mortality of candidemia caused by M. guilliermondii complex in cancer patients undergoing surgery. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the hospital medical records system with a standardized data collection form and were analyzed with SPSS 20.0. Sixty-six cancer patients who have undergone recent surgery and were diagnosed with candidemia caused by M. guilliermondii complex were included in the study. Regarding the clinical manifestations, most patients' body temperatures ranged from 38 to 40 °C, with a median fever duration of 4 (IQR: 3-6) days. Multivariate analysis indicated that the presence of central venous catheter (OR: 6.68; 95% CI 2.80-15.94) and gastric tube (OR: 3.55; 95% CI 1.22-10.34) were independent risk factors for M. guilliermondii complex fungemia. The 30-day crude mortality of candidemia caused by M. guilliermondii complex was 12.1%, twice that of the control group. Moreover, increased WBC count, age ≥ 60 years, septic shock, and ICU admission were identified as predictors of mortality through univariate analysis. These findings will provide a foundation for the clinical management of candidemia caused by M. guilliermondii complex in post-surgical cancer patients.
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Zhang K, Li X, Yu C, Wang Y. Promising Therapeutic Strategies Against Microbial Biofilm Challenges. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:359. [PMID: 32850471 PMCID: PMC7399198 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are attached to a biological or abiotic surface and are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix. Cells within a biofilm have intrinsic characteristics that are different from those of planktonic cells. Biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents has drawn increasing attention. It is well-known that medical device- and tissue-associated biofilms may be the leading cause for the failure of antibiotic treatments and can cause many chronic infections. The eradication of biofilms is very challenging. Many researchers are working to address biofilm-related infections, and some novel strategies have been developed and identified as being effective and promising. Nevertheless, more preclinical studies and well-designed multicenter clinical trials are critically needed to evaluate the prospects of these strategies. Here, we review information about the mechanisms underlying the drug resistance of biofilms and discuss recent progress in alternative therapies and promising strategies against microbial biofilms. We also summarize the strengths and weaknesses of these strategies in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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18
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Carannante N, Fiorentino G, Corcione A, Di Sarno R, Spatarella M, Maturo N, Fragranza F, Di Micco P. Administration of Immunoglobulins in SARS-CoV-2-Positive Patient Is Associated With Fast Clinical and Radiological Healing: Case Report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:388. [PMID: 32766266 PMCID: PMC7378528 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal preparation of IgM as an adjuvant therapy has been reported as a relevant immunomodulant therapy in several infectious diseases, exhibiting, in most cases, improvement of the clinical course. No drug has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy for COVID-19. Immunomodulatory treatment with hydroxychloroquine and biologics as tocilizumab, in fact, has not proven to show satisfactory results in several reports. We therefore treated a selected patient with interstitial multifocal pneumonia, positive to COVID-19, with polyclonal preparation of immunoglobulins as an adjuvant therapy, obtaining in few days clinical remission and improvements in radiological findings. Based on this case report, we suggest that clinical trials are conducted to test the efficacy and safety of polyclonal immunoglobulins for adjunctive therapy of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novella Carannante
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Corcione
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Di Sarno
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Micaela Spatarella
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Maturo
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fiorentino Fragranza
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Di Micco
- Emergency Infectious Disease p.o. Cotugno-Monaldi, A.O. dei Colli, Naples, Italy.,UOC Medicina, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Naples, Naples, Italy
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Vitális E, Nagy F, Tóth Z, Forgács L, Bozó A, Kardos G, Majoros L, Kovács R. Candida
biofilm production is associated with higher mortality in patients with candidaemia. Mycoses 2020; 63:352-360. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Vitális
- Hospital Hygiene Ward Clinical Centre University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Nagy
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Zoltán Tóth
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Lajos Forgács
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Aliz Bozó
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Gábor Kardos
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - László Majoros
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Renátó Kovács
- Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
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Reginatto P, Bergamo VZ, Berlitz SJ, Guerreiro ICK, de Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM. Rational selection of antifungal drugs to propose a new formulation strategy to control Candida biofilm formation on venous catheters. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:1037-1049. [PMID: 32077074 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infections associated with medical devices are often related to colonization by Candida spp. biofilm; in this way, numerous strategies have been developed and studied, mainly in order to prevent this type of fungal growth. AIM Considering the above, the main objective of the present study is to make a rational choice of the best antifungal therapy for the in vitro treatment of the biofilm on venous catheters, proposing an innovative formulation of a film-forming system to coat the surface in order to prevent the formation of biofilms. METHODOLOGY Anidulafungin, fluconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin B, and the association of anidulafungin and amphotericin B were tested against biofilms of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis strains in microtiter plates and in a polyurethane catheter. Besides, anidulafungin, amphotericin B, and the combination of both were incorporated in a film-forming system and were evaluated against biofilm. RESULTS The superior activity of anidulafungin was demonstrated in relation to the other antifungal agents. Although amphotericin B showed good activity, high concentrations were required. The combination showed a synergistic action, in solution and in the formulation, showing excellent results, with activity above 90%. CONCLUSION Due to the superiority of anidulafungin and the synergistic activity of the combination, these alternatives were the most promising options for use in a formulation proposal as a new strategy to combat the Candida spp. biofilm. These formulations demonstrated high in vitro performance in the prevention of biofilms, indicating that they are candidates with great potential for in vivo tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Reginatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Micologia Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Zafanelli Bergamo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Simone Jacobus Berlitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Irene Clemes Kulkamp Guerreiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Saulo Fernandes de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Selection of potential anti-adhesion drugs by in silico approaches targeted to ALS3 from Candida albicans. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:1391-1401. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Rajkowska K, Nowicka-Krawczyk P, Kunicka-Styczyńska A. Effect of Clove and Thyme Essential Oils on Candida Biofilm Formation and the Oil Distribution in Yeast Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101954. [PMID: 31117281 PMCID: PMC6572016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida biofilm structure is particularly difficult to eradicate, since biofilm is much more resistant to antifungal agents than planktonic cells. In this context, a more effective strategy seems to be the prevention of biofilm formation than its eradication. The aim of the study was to examine whether the process of initial colonization of materials (glass, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene) by food-borne Candida sp. can be impeded by clove and thyme essential oils, used at their minimal inhibitory concentrations. In the presence of clove oil, 68.4–84.2% of the yeast tested showed a statistically significant reduction in biofilm formation, depending on the material. After treatment with thyme oil, statistically significant decrease in biofilm cell numbers was observed for 63.2–73.7% of yeasts. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed diverse compounds of clove and thyme oils that were disparately located in C. albicans cell, on a cell wall and a cell membrane, in cytoplasm, and in vacuoles, depicting the multidirectional action of essential oils. However, essential oils that were used in sub-inhibitory concentration were sequestrated in the yeast vacuoles, which indicate the activation of Candida defense mechanisms by cell detoxification. Clove and thyme essential oils due to their anti-biofilm activity can be efficiently used in the prevention of the tested abiotic surfaces colonization by Candida sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rajkowska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska Str. 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Paulina Nowicka-Krawczyk
- Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha Str. 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Alina Kunicka-Styczyńska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska Str. 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
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Zhang Q, Gao HY, Li D, Li Z, Qi SS, Zheng S, Bai CS, Zhang SH. Clinical outcome of Escherichia coli bloodstream infection in cancer patients with/without biofilm formation: a single-center retrospective study. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:359-371. [PMID: 30809097 PMCID: PMC6377049 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s192072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) is one of the main antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Little data are available on how biofilm formation (BF) contributes to EC-caused bloodstream infection (BSI) in cancer patients. This study investigated the impact of BF on clinical outcomes of cancer patients with EC-caused BSI. Methods Clinical outcome and microbiological characteristics including the presence of bla genes in ESBL-EC isolates were retrospectively collected from BSI cancer patients. Patients infected with ESBL-EC were compared with patients infected with third-generation cephalosporin-susceptible strains. Survival curves were generated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and the survival difference was assessed by the log-rank test. Risk factors for ESBL-EC infection, predictors of mortality, and outcome differences were determined by multivariate logistic regression and Cox regression analysis, respectively. Results A high prevalence of ESBL-EC with dominant blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-15 plus blaTEM-52 genotype was found in BSI cancer patients. Independent risk factors for infection with ESBL-EC were cephalosporins, chemotherapy, and BF. Metastasis, ICU admission, BF-positive ESBL-EC, organ failure, and the presence of septic shock were revealed as predictors for mortality. The ESBL characteristic was associated with the BF phenotype, and the overall mortality was significantly higher in cancer patients with BF-positive ESBL-EC-caused BSI. Conclusion blaCTX-M-15 type ESBL-EC is highly endemic among cancer patients with BSI. BF is associated with multi-drug resistance by ESBL-EC and is also an independent risk factor of mortality for cancer patients with BSI. Our findings suggest that the combination of BF-positive ESBL-EC isolates with other appropriate laboratory indicators might benefit infection control and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Medical Laboratory Department, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao-Yang Gao
- Medical Laboratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, China
| | - Ding Li
- Medical Laboratory Department, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Medical Laboratory Department, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan-Shan Qi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China,
| | - Shan Zheng
- Medical Laboratory Department, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang-Sen Bai
- Medical Laboratory Department, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Si-He Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China,
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Chatrath A, Gangwar R, Kumari P, Prasad R. In Vitro Anti-Biofilm Activities of Citral and Thymol Against Candida Tropicalis. J Fungi (Basel) 2019; 5:jof5010013. [PMID: 30717454 PMCID: PMC6462931 DOI: 10.3390/jof5010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida tropicalis is an emerging non-albicans Candida species which is pathogenic to the immune-compromised humans, especially in tropical countries, including India. The acquired resistance of Candida species towards antifungal therapies is of major concern. Moreover, limited efficacy and dosage constraint of synthetic drugs have indicated the prerequisite of finding new and natural drugs for treatment. In the present study, we have compared the influence of citral and thymol on C. tropicalis and its biofilm along with expression levels of certain antifungal tolerance genes. The antifungal and anti-biofilm activities of the both were studied using 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide sodium salt (XTT) reduction assay, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Citral and thymol have damaged the cells with distorted surface and less viability. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed augmented expression of the cell membrane biosynthesis genes including ERG11/CYT450 against citral and the cell wall related tolerance genes involving CNB1 against thymol thus, depicting their differential mode of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Chatrath
- Molecular Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667 Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Rashmi Gangwar
- Molecular Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667 Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Poonam Kumari
- Molecular Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667 Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Ramasare Prasad
- Molecular Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247667 Uttarakhand, India.
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Yeoh SF, Lee TJ, Chew KL, Lin S, Yeo D, Setia S. Echinocandins for management of invasive candidiasis in patients with liver disease and liver transplantation. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:805-819. [PMID: 29881298 PMCID: PMC5985852 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s165676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida species remains one of the most important causes of opportunistic infections worldwide. Invasive candidiasis (IC) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in liver disease (LD) patients if not treated promptly. Echinocandins are often recommended as a first-line empirical treatment for managing IC and can especially play a critical role in managing IC in LD patients. However, advanced LD patients are often immunocompromised and critically ill. Hence altered pharmacokinetics, drug interactions as well as tolerance issues of antifungal treatments are a concern in these patients. This comprehensive review examines the epidemiology, risk factors and diagnosis of IC in patients with LD and evaluates differences between three available echinocandins for treating this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siang Fei Yeoh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ka Lip Chew
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Lin
- Global Medical Affairs, Asia-Pacific region, Pfizer, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dennis Yeo
- Medical Affairs, Pfizer Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sajita Setia
- Medical Affairs, Pfizer Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:jof4010012. [PMID: 29371505 PMCID: PMC5872315 DOI: 10.3390/jof4010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their clinical significance and substantial human health burden, fungal infections remain relatively under-appreciated. The widespread overuse of antibiotics and the increasing requirement for indwelling medical devices provides an opportunistic potential for the overgrowth and colonization of pathogenic Candida species on both biological and inert substrates. Indeed, it is now widely recognized that biofilms are a highly important part of their virulence repertoire. Candida albicans is regarded as the primary fungal biofilm forming species, yet there is also increasing interest and growing body of evidence for non-Candida albicans species (NCAS) biofilms, and interkingdom biofilm interactions. C. albicans biofilms are heterogeneous structures by definition, existing as three-dimensional populations of yeast, pseudo-hyphae, and hyphae, embedded within a self-produced extracellular matrix. Classical molecular approaches, driven by extensive studies of laboratory strains and mutants, have enhanced our knowledge and understanding of how these complex communities develop, thrive, and cause host-mediated damage. Yet our clinical observations tell a different story, with differential patient responses potentially due to inherent biological heterogeneity from specific clinical isolates associated with their infections. This review explores some of the recent advances made in an attempt to explore the importance of working with clinical isolates, and what this has taught us.
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