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Tangcharoensathien V, Adulyanon S, Supaka N, Munkong R, Viriyathorn S, Sirithienthong S, Kanhachon S, Marten R. The Thai Health Promotion Foundation: Two Decades of Joint Contributions to Addressing Noncommunicable Diseases and Creating Healthy Populations. GLOBAL HEALTH, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2024; 12:e2300311. [PMID: 38448166 PMCID: PMC11057797 DOI: 10.9745/ghsp-d-23-00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Globally, the current investment in preventive care is inadequate and ineffective for addressing noncommunicable diseases and their causes. The Thai Health Promotion Foundation, with its sustainable funding from 2% levies on tobacco and alcohol, together with partners, has been used to address noncommunicable diseases effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shaheda Viriyathorn
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Siriya Sirithienthong
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Siriyaporn Kanhachon
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Robert Marten
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Martín-Turrero I, Sureda X, Escobar F, Bilal U, Berasaluce M, Valiente R. How Can We Measure Alcohol Outlet Density Around Schools? A Comparison Between Two Buffer-Based Methods. J Urban Health 2023:10.1007/s11524-023-00740-z. [PMID: 37351726 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the density of alcohol outlets around schools is a critical step towards understanding the drivers of drinking among adolescents. Different methodologies have been used in the literature for this purpose, but the implications of using one methodology or another have not been clearly assessed. Our aim was to compare different methods to measure alcohol outlet density and highlight under which characteristics of the environment might be best using each approach. We used Geographic Information Systems to geolocate schools (n = 576) and alcohol outlets (n = 21,732) in Madrid. We defined the density of alcohol outlets as the number of establishments within an area of 400 m around schools measured using two buffering methods: crow flies' and street network distances. We evaluated the agreement between both methods visually and through regression models, including street connectivity, population density, and density of recreational venues as predictors of disagreement. The density of alcohol outlets around schools was higher using crow flies' distances compared to street network distances. The differences between methodologies were wider in areas of higher density of outlets, especially in the downtown areas, where there are higher population density and street connectivity. Our results suggest that the spatial characteristics and morphology of the study area (e.g., street connectivity and population density) should be considered when deciding the methodology to be used to measure alcohol outlet density. Future studies should explore the implications of different exposure measures in their association with drinking prevalence and consumption patterns among different geographical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martín-Turrero
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Campus Universitario - Crta. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600. Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xisca Sureda
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Campus Universitario - Crta. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600. Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco Escobar
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Usama Bilal
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maitane Berasaluce
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Campus Universitario - Crta. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600. Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Valiente
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Campus Universitario - Crta. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600. Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- SPECTRUM Consortium, London, UK
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Pitt H, McCarthy S, Thomas SL, Randle M, Marko S, Cowlishaw S, Kairouz S, Daube M. Older adults' perceptions of the risks associated with contemporary gambling environments: Implications for public health policy and practice. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2023; 8:1061872. [PMID: 37006633 PMCID: PMC10060892 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2023.1061872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rapid changes in the Australian gambling environment have amplified the risks for gamblers and pose significant threats to public health. Technological advances, saturation of marketing, and the embedding of gambling in sport have all contributed to significant changes in the gambling risk environment. Older adults have witnessed the changes to the way gambling is provided and promoted in public spaces, but little is known about how these changes have shaped the way they conceptualize the risks associated with gambling. METHOD Guided by critical qualitative inquiry, semi structured interviews were conducted with 40 Australian adults aged 55 years and older, who had gambled at least once in the last 12 months. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to interpret the data. RESULTS Participants discussed gambling environments in Australia and how they had changed through the proliferation of gambling products, environments, and opportunities; the risks posed through the embedding of gambling in community and media environments; the role of technology in gambling environments; and the role of marketing and promotions in the changing gambling environments. Participants recognized that these factors had contributed to gambling environments becoming increasingly risky over time. However, despite the perception of increased risk, many participants had engaged with new gambling technologies, products, and environments. DISCUSSION This research supports the adoption of public health responses that include consideration of the environmental, commercial, and political factors that may contribute to risky gambling environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pitt
- Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Simone McCarthy
- Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha L. Thomas
- Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie Randle
- Faculty of Business and Law, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Marko
- Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sean Cowlishaw
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sylvia Kairouz
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mike Daube
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Sadler RC, Trangenstein P, Harris A, Buchalski Z, Wojciechowski TW, Furr-Holden CD. Establishing the Relative Accuracy of Using City Directories as Proxies to Define and Reconstruct Historical Alcohol Environments. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2023; 84:158-170. [PMID: 36799686 PMCID: PMC9948143 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.21-00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research on alcohol environments has established that poorer and minoritized communities are frequently overburdened by off-premise outlets (e.g., liquor stores). These outlets have more associated harms, including increased alcohol consumption and crime rates. Little, if any, research has shown how these socio-spatial disparities in exposure have grown or shifted over time, and no studies have established a method for re-creating historical alcohol environments. METHOD Our results suggest that in our study city of Flint, MI, disparities in the alcohol environment have narrowed since 1950. Although liquor stores are still more likely to be located in poorer and more heavily African American neighborhoods, the pattern has become insignificant over time. Furthermore, the number of alcohol outlets per capita has declined. Thus, although the city remains more overburdened with alcohol outlets than its suburbs, the disparity has shrunk. CONCLUSIONS This work has implications for those working in alcohol prevention and policy, as well as in urban planning. Practitioners and researchers can use this method to model alcohol availability over time in their own communities, which helps better inform the discussion on disparities experienced in poor and minoritized neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Casey Sadler
- Department of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, Michigan
| | | | - Alan Harris
- Department of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, Michigan
| | - Zachary Buchalski
- Department of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, Michigan
| | | | - C. Debra Furr-Holden
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Beauchamp AM, Weerakoon SM, Ponder WN, Jetelina KK. Possible substance use disorders among first responders during the COVID-19 era: a quasi-experimental study of personal and residential vulnerability. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:724-733. [PMID: 35867134 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2088376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic possible substance use disorders (SUD) were exacerbated from increased stress and isolation. Experiences of symptomology differ widely by occupations.Objectives: The objectives were to determine if there is a temporal relationship between COVID-19 vulnerability and possible SUDs among first responders, and to examine the association with neighborhood vulnerability.Methods: We conducted an analysis with two distinct cohorts dependent on time of entry: 1) First responders that began counseling prior to COVID-19 and 2) First responders that began counseling after the start of COVID-19. Data were collected at intake from first responders seeking mental health services between 2017 and 2021 at an organization in Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas. The study sample included 195 mostly male (75%) first responders (51% law enforcement officers; 49% emergency medical technicians/firefighters). Bivariate models tested unadjusted relationships between covariates and possible SUD. Adjusted models consisted of a two-level multivariable logistic regression models.Results: Nearly 40% (n = 77) screened positive for a possible SUD. Those beginning counseling after COVID-19 did not have higher odds of SUDs. For every unit increase in neighborhood Severe COVID-19 Health Risk Index at a first responder's residential location there was an increase in the odds of a possible SUD (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.47, 6.75).Conclusions: Our study highlights the degree to which personal and residential vulnerability to COVID-19 impacted first responders. The increased occupational stress of this population, and an established pattern of maladaptive coping, elucidates the need for preventative and clinical approaches to strengthen the resilience of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina M Beauchamp
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sitara M Weerakoon
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA.,Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Warren N Ponder
- Outcomes and Evaluation, One Tribe Foundation, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Katelyn K Jetelina
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA
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Puértolas-Gracia B, Barbaglia MG, Gotsens M, Parés-Badell O, Brugal MT, Torrens M, Treviño L, Rodríguez-Díaz C, Vázquez-Vázquez JM, Pascual A, Coromina-Gimferrer M, Jiménez-Dueñas M, Oliva I, González E, Mestre N, Bartroli M. Lifetime Dual Disorder Screening and Treatment Retention: A Pilot Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133760. [PMID: 35807045 PMCID: PMC9267195 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The coexistence of a substance use disorder and another mental disorder in the same individual has been called dual disorder or dual diagnosis. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of lifetime dual disorder in individuals with alcohol or cocaine use disorder and their retention in treatment. We conducted a pilot cohort study of individuals (n = 1356) with alcohol or cocaine use disorder admitted to treatment in the public outpatient services of Barcelona (Spain) from January 2015 to August 2017 (followed-up until February 2018). Descriptive statistics, Kaplan−Meier survival curves and a multivariable Cox regression model were estimated. The lifetime prevalence of screening positive for dual disorder was 74%. At 1 year of follow-up, >75% of the cohort remained in treatment. On multivariable analysis, the factors associated with treatment dropout were a positive screening for lifetime dual disorder (HR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.00−1.60), alcohol use (HR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.04−1.77), polysubstance use (alcohol or cocaine and cannabis use) (HR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.03−2.49) and living alone (HR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.04−1.72). Lifetime dual disorder is a prevalent issue among individuals with alcohol or cocaine use disorders and could influence their dropout from treatment in public outpatient drug dependence care centres, along with alcohol use, polysubstance use and social conditions, such as living alone. We need a large-scale study with prolonged follow-up to confirm these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Puértolas-Gracia
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
- Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gabriela Barbaglia
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
- Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria en Adicciones (RIAPAd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93202-7702
| | - Mercè Gotsens
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Oleguer Parés-Badell
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - María Teresa Brugal
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Torrens
- Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria en Adicciones (RIAPAd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic i Catalunya Central, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Treviño
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Concepción Rodríguez-Díaz
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - José María Vázquez-Vázquez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Alicia Pascual
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Marcela Coromina-Gimferrer
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Míriam Jiménez-Dueñas
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Israel Oliva
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Erick González
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Nicanor Mestre
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Montse Bartroli
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (B.P.-G.); (M.G.); (O.P.-B.); (M.T.B.); (L.T.); (C.R.-D.); (J.M.V.-V.); (A.P.); (M.C.-G.); (M.J.-D.); (I.O.); (E.G.); (N.M.); (M.B.)
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria en Adicciones (RIAPAd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Haithcoat T, Liu D, Young T, Shyu CR. Investigating Health Context: Using Geospatial Big Data Ecosystem (Preprint). JMIR Med Inform 2021; 10:e35073. [PMID: 35311683 PMCID: PMC9021952 DOI: 10.2196/35073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Haithcoat
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Danlu Liu
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Tiffany Young
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Chi-Ren Shyu
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Akhter N, Fairbairn RS, Pearce M, Warren J, Kasim A, Bambra C. Local Inequalities in Health Behaviours: Longitudinal Findings from the Stockton-On-Tees Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111018. [PMID: 34769536 PMCID: PMC8582866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a longitudinal examination of local inequalities in health behaviours during a period of austerity, exploring the role of ‘place’ in explaining these inequalities. Data from the Stockton-on-Tees prospective cohort study of 836 individuals were analysed and followed over 18 months (37% follow-up). Generalised estimating equation models estimated the deprivation gap in health behaviours (smoking status, alcohol use, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity practices) between the 20% most- and least-deprived neighborhoods (LSOAs), explored any temporal changes during austerity, and examined the underpinning role of compositional and contextual determinants. All health behaviours, except for frequent physical activity, varied significantly by deprivation (p ≤ 0.001). Smoking was lower in the least-deprived areas (OR 0.21, CI 0.14 to 0.30), while alcohol use (OR 2.75, CI 1.98 to 3.82) and fruit and vegetable consumption (OR 2.55, CI 1.80 to 3.62) were higher in the least-deprived areas. The inequalities were relatively stable throughout the study period. Material factors (such as employment, education and housing tenure) were the most-important and environmental factors the least-important explanatory factors. This study suggests that material factors are the most important ‘place’ determinants of health behaviours. Health promotion activities should better reflect these drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Akhter
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Dawson Building, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1913340716
| | - Ross Stewart Fairbairn
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.S.F.); (M.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Mark Pearce
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.S.F.); (M.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Jon Warren
- St. Cuthberts Society, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
- Department of Sociology, Durham University, 32 Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HN, UK
| | - Adetayo Kasim
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Dawson Building, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
- Durham Research Methods Center, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Clare Bambra
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.S.F.); (M.P.); (C.B.)
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Pearson AL, Clevenger KA, Horton TH, Gardiner JC, Asana V, Dougherty BV, Pfeiffer KA. Feelings of safety during daytime walking: associations with mental health, physical activity and cardiometabolic health in high vacancy, low-income neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. Int J Health Geogr 2021; 20:19. [PMID: 33941196 PMCID: PMC8091672 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-021-00271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals living in low-income neighborhoods have disproportionately high rates of obesity, Type-2 diabetes, and cardiometabolic conditions. Perceived safety in one's neighborhood may influence stress and physical activity, with cascading effects on cardiometabolic health. METHODS In this study, we examined relationships among feelings of safety while walking during the day and mental health [perceived stress (PSS), depression score], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), Body Mass Index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) in low-income, high-vacancy neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. We recruited 69 adults who wore accelerometers for one week and completed a survey on demographics, mental health, and neighborhood perceptions. Anthropometrics were collected and A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips. We compiled spatial data on vacant buildings and lots across the city. We fitted conventional and multilevel regression models to predict each outcome, using perceived safety during daytime walking as the independent variable of interest and individual or both individual and neighborhood-level covariates (e.g., number of vacant lots). Last, we examined trends in neighborhood features according to perceived safety. RESULTS In this predominantly African American sample (91%), 47% felt unsafe during daytime walking. Feelings of perceived safety significantly predicted PSS (β = - 2.34, p = 0.017), depression scores (β = - 4.22, p = 0.006), and BMI (β = - 2.87, p = 0.01), after full adjustment. For PA, we detected a significant association for sex only. For A1C we detected significant associations with blighted lots near the home. Those feeling unsafe lived in neighborhoods with higher park area and number of blighted lots. CONCLUSION Future research is needed to assess a critical pathway through which neighborhood features, including vacant or poor-quality green spaces, may affect obesity-via stress reduction and concomitant effects on cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment & Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Teresa H Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Joseph C Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Benjamin V Dougherty
- Department of Geography, Environment & Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karin A Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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10
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Lunnay B, Foley K, Meyer SB, Warin M, Wilson C, Olver I, Miller ER, Thomas J, Ward PR. Alcohol Consumption and Perceptions of Health Risks During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study of Middle-Aged Women in South Australia. Front Public Health 2021; 9:616870. [PMID: 33981661 PMCID: PMC8107353 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.616870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Australian women's alcohol consumption has increased in frequency during COVID-19. Research suggests this is to cope with stress resulting from the pandemic and COVID-19 countermeasures that require social distancing. This is a critical public health concern because increased alcohol consumption, even for a short period, increases the myriad longer-term health risks associated with cumulative exposure to alcohol. This paper provides unique qualitative evidence of how health risk perceptions are re-focused toward the shorter-term during the pandemic, through analysis of interviews with 40 middle-aged Australian women (aged 45-64) representing a range of self-perceived drinking status' ("occasional"/"light"/"moderate"/"heavy") before and then during the pandemic (n = 80 interviews). Our analysis captures women's risk horizons drifting away from the uncertain longer-term during COVID-19, toward the immediate need to "get through" the pandemic. We show how COVID-19 has increased the perceived value of consuming alcohol among women, particularly when weighed up against the social and emotional "costs" of reducing consumption. Our findings have implications for the delivery of alcohol-related health risk messages designed for middle-aged women both during, and into the recovery phases of the pandemic, who already consume more alcohol and experience more alcohol-related health risk than women in other age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Lunnay
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kristen Foley
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Samantha B Meyer
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Warin
- School of Social Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Fay Gale Centre for Research on Gender, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carlene Wilson
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ian Olver
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emma R Miller
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jessica Thomas
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul R Ward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Marteau
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Michael Marmot
- Institute of Health Equity, University College London, UK
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12
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Martin G, Inchley J, Currie C. Do Drinking Motives Mediate the Relationship between Neighborhood Characteristics and Alcohol Use among Adolescents? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E853. [PMID: 30857214 PMCID: PMC6427383 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents not only vary in their alcohol use behavior but also in their motivations for drinking. Young people living in different neighborhoods may drink for different reasons. The aims of this study were to determine if neighborhood characteristics were associated with adolescent drinking motives, and whether drinking motives mediate the relationship between neighborhood context and regular alcohol use. Data from the Scottish Health Behaviours in School-aged Children 2010 survey of students in their 4th year of secondary school were used. The study included 1119 participants who had data on neighborhood characteristics and had used alcohol in the past year. Students were asked questions about the local area where they lived, their alcohol use, and their motives for drinking alcohol, based on the Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised Short Form (DMQR-SF). Multilevel multivariable models and structural equation models were used in this study. Coping motives showed significant variation across neighborhoods. Structural equation models showed coping motives mediated the relationships between neighborhood deprivation, living in an accessible small-town, and neighborhood-level disorder with regular alcohol use. Public health policies that improve neighborhood conditions and develop adaptive strategies, aimed at improving alcohol-free methods for young people to cope better with life's stresses, may be particularly effective in reducing inequalities in adolescent alcohol use if targeted at small towns and areas of increased deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Martin
- Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
- Department of Geography, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Joanna Inchley
- Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G2 3AX, UK.
| | - Candace Currie
- Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK.
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13
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O'Brolcháin F. Autonomy Benefits and Risks of Assistive Technologies for Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Front Public Health 2018; 6:296. [PMID: 30450353 PMCID: PMC6224426 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the ways in which assistive technologies (ATs) can both promote and undermine the autonomy of Persons with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (PIDD). Following an initial discussion of ATs for PIDD, I examine the specific issues of autonomy for PIDD. I outline the ways in which ATs can boost autonomy, of PIDD, focusing on knowledge, authenticity, and liberty. Following that I suggest that ATs are not necessarily beneficial in terms of autonomy and examine ways that they might be used to undermine the autonomy of PIDD, specifically the categories of knowledge, authenticity, and liberty. I conclude by suggesting that the development of ATs requires ethical oversight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiachra O'Brolcháin
- School of Theology, Philosophy and Music, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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