1
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Park MK, Shin DM, Choi YS. Comparison of volatile compound profiles derived from various livestock protein alternatives including edible-insect, and plant-based proteins. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101570. [PMID: 39022786 PMCID: PMC11252785 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the distinctive chemical fingerprints that contribute to the flavor characteristics of various protein materials, such as insects, plant-based protein, and livestock, were investigated. In edible-insects (Tenebrio molitor and Protaetia brevitarsis), aldehydes and cyclic volatile compounds were the predominant volatile components and had distinct flavor characteristics such as cheesy, sharp, green, floral, and sweet. In contrast, the relatively high levels of pyrazines and furans in plant-based protein materials, such as textured vegetable and pea protein. They included unique flavor properties characterized by sweet, fatty, grassy, creamy, and roasted. The primary volatile chemical group detected in livestock protein materials, such as a pork and a beef, was ketones. The pork sample showed specific flavors, such as alcoholic, green, and fruity, while a beef presented distinctive flavor, including creamy, fruity, and alcoholic. Based on the results, this research provided the understanding of the flavor aspects of diverse protein materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Park
- Food Processing Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Choi
- Food Processing Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kumar R, Guleria A, Padwad YS, Srivatsan V, Yadav SK. Smart proteins as a new paradigm for meeting dietary protein sufficiency of India: a critical review on the safety and sustainability of different protein sources. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-50. [PMID: 39011754 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2367564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
India, a global leader in agriculture, faces sustainability challenges in feeding its population. Although primarily a vegetarian population, the consumption of animal derived proteins has tremendously increased in recent years. Excessive dependency on animal proteins is not environmentally sustainable, necessitating the identification of alternative smart proteins. Smart proteins are environmentally benign and mimic the properties of animal proteins (dairy, egg and meat) and are derived from plant proteins, microbial fermentation, insects and cell culture meat (CCM) processes. This review critically evaluates the technological, safety, and sustainability challenges involved in production of smart proteins and their consumer acceptance from Indian context. Under current circumstances, plant-based proteins are most favorable; however, limited land availability and impending climate change makes them unsustainable in the long run. CCM is unaffordable with high input costs limiting its commercialization in near future. Microbial-derived proteins could be the most sustainable option for future owing to higher productivity and ability to grow on low-cost substrates. A circular economy approach integrating agri-horti waste valorization and C1 substrate synthesis with microbial biomass production offer economic viability. Considering the use of novel additives and processing techniques, evaluation of safety, allergenicity, and bioavailability of smart protein products is necessary before large-scale adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Kumar
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditi Guleria
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Yogendra S Padwad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Protein Processing Centre, Dietetics, and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vidyashankar Srivatsan
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudesh Kumar Yadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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3
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Purkayastha D, Khanal P. Moving towards fully circular insect production: A focus on insect-derived biowastes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174560. [PMID: 38972425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, commercialization of insects for food and feed has been exponentially increasing. Insect protein is emerging as a sustainable livestock feed and human food alternative due to its low land and carbon footprint. The principles of insect industry are deeply embedded in the core values of sustainability and circular economy. Black soldier fly (BSF) is the crown jewel of insect industry and is one of the most commercially farmed insects. However, this steadfast growth is accompanied by generation of insect based biowaste such as dead flies and pupae exuviae. This will be a major waste fraction from this industry. This study discusses the valorization potential of this waste into chitin (which finds application in cosmetics, bioplastics, and pesticides, among other industries), biogas, fertilizer, and biochar. There is need to conduct more explorative research on value proposition of insect based biowaste to ensure that this industry can comply fully with circular economy and sustainability principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasree Purkayastha
- Animal Science, Production and Welfare Division, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Skolegata 22, Steinkjer, Trøndelag 7713, Norway.
| | - Prabhat Khanal
- Animal Science, Production and Welfare Division, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Skolegata 22, Steinkjer, Trøndelag 7713, Norway.
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4
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Huang Z, Li Y, Fan M, Qian H, Wang L. Recent advances in mung bean protein: From structure, function to application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133210. [PMID: 38897499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
With the surge in protein demand, the application of plant proteins has ushered in a new wave of research. Mung bean is a potential source of protein due to its high protein content (20-30 %). The nutrition, structure, function, and application of mung bean protein have always been a focus of attention. In this paper, these highlighted points have been reviewed to explore the potential application value of mung bean protein. Mung bean protein contains a higher content of essential amino acids than soybean protein, which can meet the amino acid values recommended by FAO/WHO for adults. Mung bean protein also can promote human health due to its bioactivity, such as the antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity. Meanwhile, mung bean protein also has well solubility, foaming, emulsification and gelation properties. Therefore, mung bean protein can be used as an antioxidant edible film additive, emulsion-based food, active substance carrier, and meat analogue in the food industry. It is understood there are still relatively few commercial applications of mung bean protein. This paper highlights the potential application of mung bean proteins, and aims to provide a reference for future commercial applications of mung bean proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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5
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Turchi B, Mancini S, Pedonese F, Resci I, Torracca B, Marconi F, Barone C, Nuvoloni R, Fratini F. Antibiotic Resistance in Enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae from Laboratory-Reared Fresh Mealworm Larvae ( Tenebrio molitor L.) and Their Frass. Pathogens 2024; 13:456. [PMID: 38921754 PMCID: PMC11206916 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in foodstuff involves a human health risk. Edible insects are a precious resource; however, their consumption raises food safety issues. In this study, the occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in laboratory-reared fresh mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor L.) and frass was assessed. Antibiotics were not used during the rearing. Enterobacteriaceae and enterococci were isolated from 17 larvae and eight frass samples. In total, 62 and 69 isolates presumed to belong to Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp., respectively, were obtained and tested for antibiotic susceptibility via disk diffusion. Based on the results, isolates were grouped, and representative resistant isolates were identified at species level through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. For enterococci resistance, percentages higher than 15% were observed for vancomycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin, whereas Enterobacteriaceae resistance higher than 25% was found against cefoxitin, ampicillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Based on the species identification, the observed resistances seemed to be intrinsic both for enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae, except for some β-lactams resistance in Shigella boydii (cefoxitin and aztreonam). These could be due to transferable genetic elements. This study suggests the need for further investigations to clarify the role of edible insects in the spreading of antibiotic resistance determinants through the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- Interdepartmental Center ‘NUTRAFOOD’, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- Interdepartmental Center ‘NUTRAFOOD’, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- Interdepartmental Center ‘NUTRAFOOD’, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Resci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Beatrice Torracca
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesca Marconi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Chiara Barone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- Interdepartmental Center ‘NUTRAFOOD’, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.T.); (S.M.); (I.R.); (B.T.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- Interdepartmental Center ‘NUTRAFOOD’, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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6
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Rajput SD, Pandey N, Sahu K. A comprehensive report on valorization of waste to single cell protein: strategies, challenges, and future prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26378-26414. [PMID: 38536571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The food insecurity due to a vertical increase in the global population urgently demands substantial advancements in the agricultural sector and to identify sustainable affordable sources of nutrition, particularly proteins. Single-cell protein (SCP) has been revealed as the dried biomass of microorganisms such as algae, yeast, and bacteria cultivated in a controlled environment. Production of SCP is a promising alternative to conventional protein sources like soy and meat, due to quicker production, minimal land requirement, and flexibility to various climatic conditions. In addition to protein production, it also contributes to waste management by converting it into food and feed for both human and animal consumption. This article provides an overview of SCP production, including its benefits, safety, acceptability, and cost, as well as limitations that constrains its maximum use. Furthermore, this review criticizes the downstream processing of SCP, encompassing cell wall disruption, removal of nucleic acid, harvesting of biomass, drying, packaging, storage, and transportation. The potential applications of SCP, such as in food and feed as well as in the production of bioplastics, emulsifiers, and as flavoring agents for baked food, soup, and salad, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharda Devi Rajput
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492 010, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492 010, India
| | - Keshavkant Sahu
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492 010, India.
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7
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McClements DJ. Designing healthier and more sustainable ultraprocessed foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13331. [PMID: 38517032 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The food industry has been extremely successful in creating a broad range of delicious, affordable, convenient, and safe food and beverage products. However, many of these products are considered to be ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) that contain ingredients and are processed in a manner that may cause adverse health effects. This review article introduces the concept of UPFs and briefly discusses food products that fall into this category, including beverages, baked goods, snacks, confectionary, prepared meals, dressings, sauces, spreads, and processed meat and meat analogs. It then discusses correlations between consumption levels of UPFs and diet-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. The different reasons for the proposed ability of UPFs to increase the risk of these chronic diseases are then critically assessed, including displacement of whole foods, high energy densities, missing phytochemicals, contamination with packaging chemicals, hyperpalatability, harmful additives, rapid ingestion and digestion, and toxic reaction products. Then, potential strategies to overcome the current problems with UPFs are presented, including reducing energy density, balancing nutritional profile, fortification, increasing satiety response, modulating mastication and digestion, reengineering food structure, and precision processing. The central argument is that it may be possible to reformulate and reengineer many UPFs to improve their healthiness and sustainability, although this still needs to be proved using rigorous scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Pasqualin Cavalheiro C, Ruiz-Capillas C, Herrero AM, Pintado T, Avelar de Sousa CC, Sant’Ana Falcão Leite J, Costa Alves da Silva M. Potential of Cricket ( Acheta domesticus) Flour as a Lean Meat Replacer in the Development of Beef Patties. Foods 2024; 13:286. [PMID: 38254586 PMCID: PMC10815164 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the incorporation of cricket (Acheta domesticus) flour (CF) (0, control; 5.0%, CF5.0; 7.5%, CF7.5; and 10.0%, CF10.0) as a lean meat replacer in beef patties and its impact on composition, microbiological, sensory, and technological properties, as well as its influence on the cooking process. The inclusion of CF led to beef patties with significantly higher protein levels than the control group. Additionally, an elevation in total viable (TVC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts was observed. However, Enterobacteriaceae counts remained at safe levels. CF5.0 demonstrated similar sensory scores and purchase intention to the control treatment. CF7.5 and CF10.0 showed comparable sensory scores to the control except for texture attributes. The inclusion of CF significantly reduced cooking loss and diameter reduction values. Beef patties with CF were notably firmer and had a browner color than the control. In general, the cooking process impacted the technological properties similarly in both the control and beef patties with CF. In all cooked samples, no significant differences in pH, redness (a*), or texture were observed. This study demonstrated that incorporating up to 5.0% CF into beef patties is optimal in terms of composition, technological, sensorial, and cooking properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pasqualin Cavalheiro
- INDMEAT Group, Department of Meat and Fish Products, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.H.)
- Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Carnes e Derivados (LabCarne), Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ruiz-Capillas
- INDMEAT Group, Department of Meat and Fish Products, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.H.)
| | - Ana M. Herrero
- INDMEAT Group, Department of Meat and Fish Products, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.H.)
| | - Tatiana Pintado
- INDMEAT Group, Department of Meat and Fish Products, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.H.)
| | - Camila Cristina Avelar de Sousa
- INDMEAT Group, Department of Meat and Fish Products, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.H.)
- Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Carnes e Derivados (LabCarne), Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sant’Ana Falcão Leite
- Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Carnes e Derivados (LabCarne), Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Maurício Costa Alves da Silva
- Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Carnes e Derivados (LabCarne), Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil
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Ahmad F, Sultan A, Khan S, Ali M, Ali I, Abdullah H, Suliman GM, Swelum AA. Effect of citrus peeling (Citrus sinensis) on production performance, humoral immunity, nutrients, and energy utilization of broiler quails. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103207. [PMID: 37931398 PMCID: PMC10654238 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus citrus peeling has a wide range of vitamins and trace minerals that have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. It is hypothesized that the addition of citrus peeling to broiler quail diets can improve their production performance, humoral immunity, nutrients, and energy utilization. A trial was performed to study the impact of a methanolic extract of citrus peeling (Citrus sinensis) on production performance, humoral immunity, nutrients, and energy utilization of broiler quails. A healthy day-old 300 quails were randomly assigned with 5 replicates each replicate had 15 birds and used CRD for the trial. Different dietary supplementations were presented to different groups. The control group was not supplemented with any supplementation in their feed. While, the 3 other groups were supplemented by 0.5 mL/kg, 1 mL/kg, and 1.5 mL/kg of methanolic extract of dried Citrus sinensis peel (DCSP) in the basal diet (DCSP0.5, DCSP1, and DCSP1.5 groups, respectively). All the birds were allowed ad libitum feeding and water. The feed intake and FCR were significantly higher in the control group, followed by DCSP0.5, and then DCSP1. The significantly lowest feed intake and FCR were observed in the DCSP1.5 group. The weight gain and dressing % were significantly improved with the increasing level of methanolic extract of Citrus sinensis. The significantly highest weights of thymus, spleen, and bursa were recorded in the DCSP1.5 group, followed by the DCSP1. The antibody titers against infectious bursal disease, New Castle disease, and infectious bronchitis disease were significantly higher in the DCSP1.5, DCSP1, and DCSP0.5 groups than in the control group. It was concluded from the study that supplementation of quails with methanolic extract of citrus at a dose rate of 0.5 to 1.5 mL/kg of feed can improve feed intake, weight gain, FCR, dressing percentage, relative weight of lymphoid organs, and digestibility coefficient. Supplementation of Citrus sinensis has also concluded positive impacts on antibody titers against various viral diseases. The best improvement in the evaluated parameters was observed at a dose of extract of citrus was 1.5 mL/kg of feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Ahmad
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asad Sultan
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sarzamin Khan
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Majid Ali
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ali
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Abdullah
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gamaleldin M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Calcinai L, Prandi B, Faccini A, Puxeddu I, Tedeschi T. Molecular characterization and allergenicity assessment of different samples of Mung Bean. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100980. [PMID: 38144835 PMCID: PMC10740012 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumes represent a promising nutritional alternative source of proteins to meat and dairy products. Additionally, Novel Foods (Regulation EU 2015/2283) can help meet the rising protein demand. However, despite their benefits, emerging allergenicity risks must be considered. The aim of this work is the molecular characterization of the Novel Food Mung bean protein isolate for allergenicity prediction with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry analysis. The assessment of the allergenicity was evaluated in silico by comparing protein sequences of the Novel Food with other known legume allergens, using bioinformatic databases. The results highlighted similarity higher than 60 % of the protein structure of Mung bean with two known allergens of soybean and pea. Furthermore, enzymatic hydrolysis effects on allergenic potential was evaluated by immunoblotting analysis using sera of patients allergic to legumes. The protein hydrolysates obtained showed a high nutritional quality and a reduced allergenic potential, making them suitable for hypoallergenic food formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Calcinai
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Prandi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Faccini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Misure, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 25/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Puxeddu
- Immuno-allergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Tullia Tedeschi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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11
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Qiu Y, Wang P, Guo Y, Zhang L, Lu J, Ren L. Enhancing food waste reduction efficiency and high-value biomass production in Hermetia illucens rearing through bioaugmentation with gut bacterial agent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166488. [PMID: 37611705 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The black soldier fly (BSF) rearing technology has been a promising bioconversion method for food waste (FW) disposal. However, when used independently, it currently only achieves low efficiency and biomass transformation rates (BTR). This study screened and identified two strains of gut beneficial bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacterium YC-LK-LKJ45. The efficiency of a complex culture formulated by these strains was investigated, focusing on enhancing FW reduction and high-value biomass production during the rearing of BSF larvae. The coculture agent group (G1-10%, with two strains in 1:1 volume ratio at a 10 % dosage) exhibited higher larval yield (627.67 g·kg-1), BTR (47.90 %), FW reduction efficiency (80.67 %), and total protein and fat yield (261.99 g·kg-1and 46.24 g·kg-1) compared to the control and the monoculture agent group (which added a single gut beneficial bacteria agent, either Bacillus cereus or Bacterium YC-LK-LKJ45). The bacterial agent altered the richness and diversity of the gut microbial community of BSF, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus, Oceano bacillus, and Akkermansia, while decreasing pathogenic bacteria, such as Acinetobacter and Escherichia-Shigella. Structural equation model quantification revealed that α-diversity (λ = 0.897, p < 0.001) and BTR (λ = 0.747, p < 0.001) are crucial drivers for enhancing high-value biomass during bioaugmentation rearing. This investigation provides a theoretical framework for the effective management of food waste using BSF, enhancing its decomposition and transformation into higher-value biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhan Qiu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuwen Guo
- AnronX Technology (Beijing) Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Beijing 100086, China
| | - Luxi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiaxin Lu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Lianhai Ren
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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12
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Rai A, Sharma VK, Sharma M, Singh SM, Singh BN, Pandey A, Nguyen QD, Gupta VK. A global perspective on a new paradigm shift in bio-based meat alternatives for healthy diet. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112935. [PMID: 37254360 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A meat analogue is a casserole in which the primary ingredient is something other than meat. It goes by various other names, such as meat substitute, fake meat, alternative meat, and imitation meat. Consumers growing interest in improving their diets and the future of the planet have contributed to the move towards meat substitutes. This change is due to the growing popularity of low-fat and low-calorie diets, the rise of flexitarians, the spread of animal diseases, the loss of natural resources, and the need to cut down on carbon emissions, which lead to greenhouse effects. Plant-based meat, cultured meat, algal protein-based meat, and insect-based meat substitutes are available on the market with qualities like appearance and flavor similar to those of traditional meat. Novel ingredients like mycoprotein and soybean leg haemoglobin are mixed in with the more traditional soy proteins, cereals, green peas, etc. Plant-based meat is currently more popular in the West, but the growing interest in this product in Asian markets indicates the industry in this region will expand rapidly in the near future. Future growth in the food sector can be anticipated from technologies like lab-grown meat and its equivalents that do not require livestock breeding. Insect-based products also hold great potential as a new source of protein for human consumption. However, product safety and quality should be considered along with other factors such as marketability and affordability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Rai
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Vivek K Sharma
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut- Condorcet, 7800 ATH, Belgium
| | - Shiv M Singh
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Brahma N Singh
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
| | - Anita Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Quang D Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-1118 Budapest, Ménesi út 45, Hungary
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefiningand Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Centerfor Safe and Improved Foods, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
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13
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Kababu M, Mweresa CK, Subramanian S, Egonyu JP, Tanga CM. Variability in nutrient composition of the edible long-horned grasshopper ( Ruspolia differens) in Uganda and its potential in alleviating food insecurity. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3558-3574. [PMID: 37324836 PMCID: PMC10261792 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruspolia differens Serville (Orthoptera: Tettigonidae) is a highly nutritious and luxurious insect delicacy that is consumed as a food source in many African countries. However, the nutrient profile of R. differens in different geographical regions have received limited research interest. Here, we provide comprehensive evidence of geographical impact on the nutrient profile of R. differens and its potential to meet the recommended dietary intake of the population. Our results demonstrated that proximate composition, fatty acids, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and flavonoid contents of R. differens collected from five districts in Uganda varied considerably. The crude protein (28-45%), crude fat (41-54%), and energy (582-644 Kj/100 g) contents of R. differens exceed that reported from animal origins. The highest crude protein, crude fat, and carbohydrate contents of R. differens were recorded in Kabale, Masaka, and Kampala, respectively. A total of 37 fatty acids were identified with linoleic acid (omega-6 fatty acid) being the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in R. differens from Kabale, Masaka, and Mbarara. All essential amino acids were recorded in R. differens, particularly histidine with values exceeding the daily requirement for adults. Mineral and vitamin content differed significantly across the five districts. The highest quantity of flavonoids was recorded in R. differens from Hoima (484 mg/100 g). Our findings revealed that R. differens could be considered as functional food ingredients capable of supplying essential macro- and micronutrients that are critical in curbing the rising food insecurity and malnutrition in the regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Kababu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)NairobiKenya
- School of Agricultural and Food SciencesJaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST)BondoKenya
| | - Collins K. Mweresa
- School of Agricultural and Food SciencesJaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST)BondoKenya
| | - Sevgan Subramanian
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)NairobiKenya
| | - James P. Egonyu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)NairobiKenya
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14
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Kumar P, Sharma N, Ahmed MA, Verma AK, Umaraw P, Mehta N, Abubakar AA, Hayat MN, Kaka U, Lee SJ, Sazili AQ. Technological interventions in improving the functionality of proteins during processing of meat analogs. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1044024. [PMID: 36601080 PMCID: PMC9807037 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1044024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat analogs have opened a new horizon of opportunities for developing a sustainable alternative for meat and meat products. Proteins are an integral part of meat analogs and their functionalities have been extensively studied to mimic meat-like appearance and texture. Proteins have a vital role in imparting texture, nutritive value, and organoleptic attributes to meat analogs. Processing of suitable proteins from vegetable, mycoproteins, algal, and single-cell protein sources remains a challenge and several technological interventions ranging from the isolation of proteins to the processing of products are required. The present paper reviews and discusses in detail various proteins (soy proteins, wheat gluten, zein, algal proteins, mycoproteins, pulses, potato, oilseeds, pseudo-cereals, and grass) and their suitability for meat analog production. The review also discusses other associated aspects such as processing interventions that can be adapted to improve the functional and textural attributes of proteins in the processing of meat analogs (extrusion, spinning, Couette shear cell, additive manufacturing/3D printing, and freeze structuring). '.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Neelesh Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Muideen Adewale Ahmed
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, India
| | - Pramila Umaraw
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, India
| | - Nitin Mehta
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Ahmed Abubakar Abubakar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Nizam Hayat
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Ubedullah Kaka
- Department of Companion Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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15
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Kumar P, Abubakar AA, Sazili AQ, Kaka U, Goh YM. Application of Electroencephalography in Preslaughter Management: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2857. [PMID: 36290243 PMCID: PMC9597730 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) can be reliable for assessing the brain's electrical activity of preslaughter stress and pain. The duration between the ventral neck cut and induction of a state of unconsciousness/insensibility is crucial in the slaughtering of animals, reducing pain, fear, and distress. Various EEG variables, such as median frequency (F50), the total power of EEG spectrum (Ptot), waves patterns (amplitude and frequencies), epileptiform EEG, index of consciousness, and isoelectric EEG, are used to identify a valid indicator of the state of unconsciousness. Association among various behavioral, physiological, and hematological parameters with EEG variables could provide an overall assessment and deep insights into the animal stress levels or welfare status during various managemental and preslaughter operations, such as transport, stunning, and slaughtering operations. The application of EEG could help in further refining the stunning technologies and slaughter protocols in livestock, poultry, and fish. The present review analyzed the application of EEG as a neurophysiological tool for assessing animal welfare during the critical state of preslaughter handling and slaughter, thus ensuring proper compliance with animal welfare principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Ahmed A. Abubakar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ubedullah Kaka
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Department of Companion Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Yong-Meng Goh
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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