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Baumgartner NW, Kao SC. Size or Strength? how components of muscle relate to behavioral and neuroelectric measures of executive function independent of aerobic fitness. Brain Cogn 2024; 175:106139. [PMID: 38364518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
While previous research has linked cognitive function with resistance exercise, the nuanced links between muscle strength, mass, and neuroelectric function are less understood. Therefore, this study investigated the association of muscle strength and mass with inhibitory control (IC), working memory (WM), and related neuroelectric activity. A total of 123 18-50-year-old adults completed maximal aerobic capacity and strength tests, a body composition scan, and IC and WM tasks while the N2 and P3 components of event-related potentials were recorded. Bivariate correlations revealed aerobic fitness, strength, and mass were associated with behavioral and neuroelectric outcomes. After accounting for age, sex, and aerobic fitness, strength was associated with intra-individual response time variability, accuracy, and P3 latency during WM. Muscle mass was associated with N2 latency during IC. While relationships with behavioral outcomes did not persist after controlling for the opposite muscle outcome, greater strength and mass were related to shorter P3 latency during WM and shorter N2 latency during IC, respectively. These results provide initial evidence that muscle outcomes are associated with executive function and neuroelectric processing speed, suggesting distinct contributions of strength and mass to cognition. This work highlights the significance of maintaining muscle strength and mass alongside aerobic fitness for optimal cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Baumgartner
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Shih-Chun Kao
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States.
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Munnilari M, Bommasamudram T, Easow J, Tod D, Varamenti E, Edwards BJ, Ravindrakumar A, Gallagher C, Pullinger SA. Diurnal variation in variables related to cognitive performance: a systematic review. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:495-510. [PMID: 37589927 PMCID: PMC10955027 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review was to assess current evidence regarding changes in cognitive function according to time-of-day (TOD) and assess the key components of research design related to manuscripts of chronobiological nature. METHODS An English-language literature search revealed 523 articles through primary database searches, and 1868 via organization searches/citation searching. The inclusion criteria were met by eleven articles which were included in the review. The inclusion criteria set were healthy adult males, a minimum of two timepoints including morning and evening, cognitive measures of performance, and peer-reviewed academic paper. RESULTS It was established that cognitive performance varies with TOD and the degree of difference is highly dependent on the type of cognitive task with differences ranging from 9.0 to 34.2% for reaction time, 7.3% for alertness, and 7.8 to 40.3% for attention. The type of cognitive function was a determining factor as to whether the performance was better in the morning, evening, or afternoon. CONCLUSION Although some studies did not establish TOD differences, reaction time and levels of accuracy were highest in the evening. This implies that cognitive processes are complex, and existing research is contradictory. Some studies or cognitive variables did not show any measurable TOD effects, which may be due to differences in methodology, subjects involved, testing protocols, and confounding factors. No studies met all requirements related to chronobiological research, highlighting the issues around methodology. Therefore, future research must use a rigorous, approach, minimizing confounding factors that are specific to examinations of TOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Munnilari
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Tulasiram Bommasamudram
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Judy Easow
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - David Tod
- Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - Ben J Edwards
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Aishwarya Ravindrakumar
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Chloe Gallagher
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Samuel A Pullinger
- Sport Science Department, Inspire Institute of Sport, Vidyanagar, Dist, Bellary, 583275, India.
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The Objective Assessment of Event-Related Potentials: An Influence of Chronic Pain on ERP Parameters. Neurosci Bull 2023:10.1007/s12264-023-01035-8. [PMID: 36813952 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The article presents an original method for the automatic assessment of the quality of event-related potentials (ERPs), based on the calculation of the coefficient ε, which describes the compliance of recorded ERPs with some statistically significant parameters. This method was used to analyze the neuropsychological EEG monitoring of patients suffering from migraines. The frequency of migraine attacks was correlated with the spatial distribution of the coefficients ε, calculated for EEG channels. More than 15 migraine attacks per month was accompanied by an increase in calculated values in the occipital region. Patients with infrequent migraines exhibited maximum quality in the frontal areas. The automatic analysis of spatial maps of the coefficient ε demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the two analyzed groups with different means of migraine attack numbers per month.
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Chua HS, Miller KJI, Sayyeda NA, AttaAlla MRYI, Babikir EOE, Kremláček J, Kuba M. Evaluation of Diurnal Changes of Mental Fatigue Using a New Portable Device for Visual Cognitive Evoked Potentials. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2023; 66:55-60. [PMID: 37930094 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2023.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In the age homogenous group of 13 healthy volunteers, we examined visual evoked potentials (VEP) visually evoked cognitive potentials (event-related potentials - ERP) and choice reaction time (CRT) five times during the day (from 10.00 a.m. up to midnight) to verify whether there are significant changes of the measured parameters of the cortical evoked potentials and CRT which might reflect the level of the mental fatigue. The electrophysiological testing was done with the use of a new portable VEP device named "VEPpeak" enabling to perform the examination outside standard labs in almost any conditions. It was found that the latency of ERP (P300 peak time) and CRT displayed significant prolongation toward midnight while VEP latency and all amplitudes did not change significantly. This pilot study supports our idea that the portable VEP device possibly might be used for the objective examination of mental fatigue that is needed in many situations. This should be confirmed in a larger study also including a comparison with non-electrophysiological fatigue testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey Shin Chua
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Dept. of Pathophysiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Katrin Ji-In Miller
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Dept. of Pathophysiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Niha Akhtar Sayyeda
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Dept. of Pathophysiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | - Eithar Osama Eltayeb Babikir
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Dept. of Pathophysiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kremláček
- Charles University - Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Dept. of Medical Biophysics, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kuba
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Dept. of Pathophysiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Kaduk SI, Roberts APJ, Stanton NA. The circadian effect on psychophysiological driver state monitoring. THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1463922x.2020.1842548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia I. Kaduk
- Human Factors Engineering, Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron P. J. Roberts
- Human Factors Engineering, Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Neville A. Stanton
- Human Factors Engineering, Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Venkat N, Sinha M, Sinha R, Ghate J, Pande B. Neuro-Cognitive Profile of Morning and Evening Chronotypes at Different Times of Day. Ann Neurosci 2020; 27:257-265. [PMID: 34556966 PMCID: PMC8455015 DOI: 10.1177/0972753121990280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronotype is the circadian time preference for sleep-wake timings. However, its impact on cognitive performance is least explored. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the effect of chronotype (morning "M" vs. evening "E") on cognitive measures as a function of time of the day. In addition, the correlation between electroencephalogram (EEG) waves and subjective/objective cognitive measures were investigated. METHOD Cognitive status of 28 adult male subjects (15 "M" and 13 "E") was assessed objectively through event-related potential (ERP) by administering visual odd ball paradigm test and subjectively through Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire. In addition, 20 to 30 min of resting EEG was recorded. Recordings were done from 8 to 10 am and from 4 to 6 pm on a single day. Power spectral analysis of EEG for alpha and beta waves at PZ and FZ cortical sites was done after subjecting selected epochs to fast Fourier transformation. Also, latency and amplitude of P300 potential from event-related potential record were measured. Appropriate statistical tests were applied for analysis. RESULTS Higher alpha and beta power was observed in "E" at PZ in the evening. "M" showed increased P300 latency and amplitude during evening session for frequent and rare stimuli and vice versa in "E."' Significant negative correlation was seen between latency of rare stimuli and alpha and beta power at FZ site during evening in "E" chronotype only. CONCLUSION Result indicates better attention and alertness during evening hours in evening chronotypes and vice versa in morning chronotypes. The findings could be implemented to schedule the mental performance/cognitive load according to individual chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanditha Venkat
- MBBS Intern, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tatibandh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Meenakshi Sinha
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tatibandh, Raipur (C.G), India
| | - Ramanjan Sinha
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tatibandh, Raipur (C.G), India
| | - Jayshri Ghate
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tatibandh, Raipur (C.G), India
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tatibandh, Raipur (C.G), India
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Aseem A, Hussain ME. Circadian variation in cognition: a comparative study between sleep-disturbed and healthy participants. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1627656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anam Aseem
- Sleep Research Group, Neurophysiology Lab, Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed Ejaz Hussain
- Sleep Research Group, Neurophysiology Lab, Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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Pang MYC, Yang L, Ouyang H, Lam FMH, Huang M, Jehu DA. Dual-Task Exercise Reduces Cognitive-Motor Interference in Walking and Falls After Stroke. Stroke 2019; 49:2990-2998. [PMID: 30571419 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.022157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Functional community ambulation requires the ability to perform mobility and cognitive task simultaneously (dual-tasking). This single-blinded randomized controlled study aimed to examine the effects of dual-task exercise in chronic stroke patients. Methods- Eighty-four chronic stroke patients (24 women; age, 61.2±6.4 years; time since stroke onset, 75.3±64.9 months) with mild to moderate motor impairment (Chedoke-McMaster leg motor score: median, 5; interquartile range, 4-6) were randomly allocated to the dual-task balance/mobility training group, single-task balance/mobility group, or upper-limb exercise (control) group. Each group exercised for three 60-minute sessions per week for 8 weeks. The dual-task interference effect was measured for the time to completion of 3 mobility tests (forward walking, timed-up-and-go, and obstacle crossing) and for the correct response rate during serial-3-subtractions and verbal fluency task. Secondary outcomes included the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, Frenchay Activities Index, and Stroke-specific Quality of Life Scale. The above outcomes were measured at baseline, immediately after, and 8 weeks after training. Fall incidence was recorded for a 6-month period posttraining. Results- Only the dual-task group exhibited reduced dual-task interference in walking time posttraining (forward walking combined with verbal fluency [9.5%, P=0.014], forward walking with serial-3-subtractions [9.6%, P=0.035], and the timed-up-and-go with verbal fluency [16.8%, P=0.001]). The improvements in dual-task walking were largely maintained at the 8-week follow-up. The dual-task cognitive performance showed no significant changes. The dual-task program reduced the risk of falls and injurious falls by 25.0% (95% CI, 3.1%-46.9%; P=0.037) and 22.2% (95% CI, 4.0%-38.4%; P=0.023), respectively, during the 6-month follow-up period compared with controls. There was no significant effect on other secondary outcomes ( P>0.05). Conclusions- The dual-task program was effective in improving dual-task mobility, reducing falls and fall-related injuries in ambulatory chronic stroke patients with intact cognition. It had no significant effect on activity participation or quality of life. Clinical trial registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02270398.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Yiu Chung Pang
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China (M.Y.C.P., L.Y., H.O., F.M.H.L., M.H.)
| | - Lei Yang
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China (M.Y.C.P., L.Y., H.O., F.M.H.L., M.H.).,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province, China (L.Y.).,Institute of Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China (L.Y.)
| | - Huixi Ouyang
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China (M.Y.C.P., L.Y., H.O., F.M.H.L., M.H.).,Department of Physical Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.O.)
| | - Freddy Man Hin Lam
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China (M.Y.C.P., L.Y., H.O., F.M.H.L., M.H.).,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, China (F.M.H.L.)
| | - Meizhen Huang
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China (M.Y.C.P., L.Y., H.O., F.M.H.L., M.H.)
| | - Deborah Ann Jehu
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (D.A.J.)
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Kao S, Cadenas‐Sanchez C, Shigeta TT, Walk AM, Chang Y, Pontifex MB, Hillman CH. A systematic review of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on P3b. Psychophysiology 2019; 57:e13425. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shih‐Chun Kao
- Department of Health and Kinesiology Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
| | | | | | - Anne M. Walk
- Department of Psychology Eastern Illinois University Charleston Illinois
| | - Yu‐Kai Chang
- Department of Physical Education National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | | | - Charles H. Hillman
- Department of Psychology Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts
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10
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Hernández OH. Circadian rhythms of omitted stimulus potentials in the crayfish brain. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1336885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hernando Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, México
- Hospital General de Especialidades “Dr. Javier Buenfil Osorio”, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, México
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Erlbeck H, Mochty U, Kübler A, Real RGL. Circadian course of the P300 ERP in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - implications for brain-computer interfaces (BCI). BMC Neurol 2017; 17:3. [PMID: 28061886 PMCID: PMC5219734 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-016-0782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accidents or neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) can lead to progressing, extensive, and complete paralysis leaving patients aware but unable to communicate (locked-in state). Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) based on electroencephalography represent an important approach to establish communication with these patients. The most common BCI for communication rely on the P300, a positive deflection arising in response to rare events. To foster broader application of BCIs for restoring lost function, also for end-users with impaired vision, we explored whether there were specific time windows during the day in which a P300 driven BCI should be preferably applied. Methods The present study investigated the influence of time of the day and modality (visual vs. auditory) on P300 amplitude and latency. A sample of 14 patients (end-users) with ALS and 14 healthy age matched volunteers participated in the study and P300 event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded at four different times (10, 12 am, 2, & 4 pm) during the day. Results Results indicated no differences in P300 amplitudes or latencies between groups (ALS patients v. healthy participants) or time of measurement. In the auditory condition, latencies were shorter and amplitudes smaller as compared to the visual condition. Conclusion Our findings suggest applicability of EEG/BCI sessions in patients with ALS throughout normal waking hours. Future studies using actual BCI systems are needed to generalize these findings with regard to BCI effectiveness/efficiency and other times of day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Erlbeck
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Mochty
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Kübler
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ruben G L Real
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 37, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
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Dziadkowiak E, Sebastian A, Wiland P, Waliszewska-Prosół M, Wieczorek M, Zagrajek M, Ejma M. Endogenous event-related potentials in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome without central nervous system involvement. Scand J Rheumatol 2015; 44:487-94. [PMID: 26271272 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2015.1032345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endogenous cognitive event-related potentials (CERPs) reflect higher-level processing of sensory information and can be used to evaluate cognitive functions. The aim of this paper was to determine whether there are any abnormalities in the electrophysiological parameters of CERPs in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) but without symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) involvement or mental disorder. The analysis of CERP parameters was then correlated with the clinical status of the patients and with some of the immunological parameters in the patient group. METHOD Thirty consecutive patients with pSS (29 females, one male) were included in the study. All the patients underwent CERP examination. RESULTS There was a significant prolongation of the latency of P300 and N200 potentials in patients with pSS. Abnormalities in electrophysiological parameters of CERPs correlated with the duration of the disease, salivary gland abnormalities, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values. Patients with coexisting chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) had larger P300 amplitudes. There were no statistically significant changes in the electrophysiological parameters of CERPs in patients with pSS dependent on the presence of peripheral nervous system (PNS) lesions, skin changes, arthritis, abnormalities in white blood cells and the immune system or the levels of blood lipids. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study suggest the presence of a minor cognitive dysfunction in patients with pSS without symptoms of CNS involvement or mental disorder. Cognitive dysfunction correlated with the disease duration time and the severity of inflammatory changes (salivary gland abnormalities and inflammatory markers in the blood). Further and larger longitudinal studies are necessary for confirmation of this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dziadkowiak
- a Department of Neurology , Wrocław Medical University , Poland
| | - A Sebastian
- b Department of Rheumatology , Wrocław Medical University , Poland
| | - P Wiland
- b Department of Rheumatology , Wrocław Medical University , Poland
| | | | - M Wieczorek
- c Department of Geography and Regional Development , University of Wrocław , Poland
| | - M Zagrajek
- a Department of Neurology , Wrocław Medical University , Poland
| | - M Ejma
- a Department of Neurology , Wrocław Medical University , Poland
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Campos LMG, Osório EC, Santos GLDS, Nogueira MI, Cruz-Rizzolo RJ, Pinato L. Temporal changes in calcium-binding proteins in the medial geniculate nucleus of the monkey Sapajus apella. J Chem Neuroanat 2015. [PMID: 26222835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The subdivisions of the medial geniculate complex can be distinguished based on the immunostaining of calcium-binding proteins and by the properties of the neurons within each subdivision. The possibility of changes in neurochemistry in this and other central auditory areas are important aspects to understand the basis that contributing to functional variations determined by environmental cycles or the animal's cycles of activity and rest. This study investigated, for the first time, day/night differences in the amounts of parvalbumin-, calretinin- and calbindin-containing neurons in the thalamic auditory center of a non-human primate, Sapajus apella. The immunoreactivity of the PV-IR, CB-IR and CR-IR neurons demonstrated different distribution patterns among the subdivisions of the medial geniculate. Moreover, a high number of CB- and CR-IR neurons were found during day, whereas PV-IR was predominant at night. We conclude that in addition to the chemical heterogeneity of the medial geniculate nucleus with respect to the expression of calcium-binding proteins, expression also varied relative to periods of light and darkness, which may be important for a possible functional adaptation of central auditory areas to environmental changes and thus ensure the survival and development of several related functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila M G Campos
- Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Therapy, São Paulo State University, Marilia, SP, Brazil; University of Marilia, Medical School, Marilia, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine C Osório
- Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Therapy, São Paulo State University, Marilia, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Inês Nogueira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Pinato
- Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Therapy, São Paulo State University, Marilia, SP, Brazil.
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van der Vinne V, Zerbini G, Siersema A, Pieper A, Merrow M, Hut RA, Roenneberg T, Kantermann T. Timing of examinations affects school performance differently in early and late chronotypes. J Biol Rhythms 2014; 30:53-60. [PMID: 25537752 DOI: 10.1177/0748730414564786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks of adolescents typically run late-including sleep times-yet adolescents generally are expected at school early in the morning. Due to this mismatch between internal (circadian) and external (social) times, adolescents suffer from chronic sleep deficiency, which, in turn, affects academic performance negatively. This constellation affects students' future career prospects. Our study correlates chronotype and examination performance. In total, 4734 grades were collected from 741 Dutch high school students (ages 11-18 years) who had completed the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire to estimate their internal time. Overall, the lowest grades were obtained by students who were very late chronotypes (MSFsc > 5.31 h) or slept very short on schooldays (SDw < 7.03 h). The effect of chronotype on examination performance depended on the time of day that examinations were taken. Opposed to late types, early chronotypes obtained significantly higher grades during the early (0815-0945 h) and late (1000-1215 h) morning. This group difference in grades disappeared in the early afternoon (1245-1500 h). Late types also obtained lower grades than early types when tested at the same internal time (hours after MSFsc), which may reflect general attention and learning disadvantages of late chronotypes during the early morning. Our results support delaying high school starting times as well as scheduling examinations in the early afternoon to avoid discrimination of late chronotypes and to give all high school students equal academic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent van der Vinne
- Chronobiology unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Giulia Zerbini
- Chronobiology unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Siersema
- High school De Nieuwe Veste, Coevorden, the Netherlands
| | - Amy Pieper
- High school De Nieuwe Veste, Coevorden, the Netherlands
| | - Martha Merrow
- Chronobiology unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Roelof A Hut
- Chronobiology unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Till Roenneberg
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kantermann
- Chronobiology unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Zhang Q, Liao Y, Qi J, Zhao Y, Zhu T, Liu Z, Liu X. A visual ERP study of impulse inhibition following a zaleplon-induced nap after sleep deprivation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95653. [PMID: 24806263 PMCID: PMC4012989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The side effects of a zaleplon-induced nap as a countermeasure in the reduction of impulse inhibition function decline following 30 h of sleep deprivation (SD) were examined by event-related brain potentials. Sixteen adult participants performed a Go/NoGo task at five time points: (1) baseline; (2) after 30 h of SD; (3) upon sudden awakening, also called 2 h post-drug; (4) 4 h post-drug; and (5) 6 h post-drug. Behavior results show an increase in both reaction time and false alarm rates after SD and sudden awakening, and a marked decrease at 4 h and 6 h post-drug in zaleplon and placebo conditions. However, no difference was observed between the zaleplon condition and the placebo condition. In event-related potential (ERP) reults compared with results obtained under control conditions, NoGo-P3 latencies significantly increased, whereas the Nogo-P3 amplitude decreased after 30 h of SD and sudden awakening in both the zaleplon condition and the placebo condition. These results indicate that SD attenuates resource allocation and error monitoring for NoGo stimuli. In addition, NoGo-P3 latencies were longer in the zaleplon condition compared with the placebo condition at sudden awakening. Additionally, the NoGo-P3 latencies were shorter in the zaleplon condition than in the placebo condition at 4 h and 6 h post-drug. These results indicate that zaleplon at a dose of 10 mg/day may help subjects achieve a better recovery or maintain better impulse inhibition function, although the side effects of zaleplon last at least 2 h post-drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China; Department of Rehabilitative Physioltherapy of Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Liao
- Department of Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlin Qi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Air Force General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqi Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Tianli Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitative Physioltherapy of Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China
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Zelinski EL, Deibel SH, McDonald RJ. The trouble with circadian clock dysfunction: multiple deleterious effects on the brain and body. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 40:80-101. [PMID: 24468109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This review consolidates research employing human correlational and experimental work across brain and body with experimental animal models to provide a more complete representation of how circadian rhythms influence almost all aspects of life. In doing so, we will cover the morphological and biochemical pathways responsible for rhythm generation as well as interactions between these systems and others (e.g., stress, feeding, reproduction). The effects of circadian disruption on the health of humans, including time of day effects, cognitive sequelae, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, diet, obesity, food preferences, mood disorders, and cancer will also be discussed. Subsequently, experimental support for these largely correlational human studies conducted in non-human animal models will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Zelinski
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Scott H Deibel
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J McDonald
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Makizako M, Makizako H, Doi T, Uemura K, Tsutsumimoto K, Miyaguchi H, Shimada H. Olfactory identification and cognitive performance in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Chem Senses 2013; 39:39-46. [PMID: 24200528 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjt052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory impairment constitutes one of the earliest signs of Alzheimer's disease in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. We investigated which aspects of neuropsychological measures are correlated with olfactory identification performance among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Total of 220 participants with mild cognitive impairment (mean age 71.7 years) were examined. Odor identification was assessed using the Open Essence test. Participants underwent comprehensive neurocognitive evaluation, including measures of verbal memory, visual memory, working memory, attention/executive function, and processing speed. We examined associations between olfactory function and cognitive performance scores. Participants with severe hyposmia exhibited significantly poor verbal and visual memory performance, attention/executive function, and slower processing speed scores compared with those without severe hyposmia. In multivariable logistic regression models, better performance scores on verbal and visual memory were significantly associated with decreased likelihood of severe hyposmia after adjusting for age, sex, education, and other cognitive performance scores. These findings suggest that olfactory impairment might be more closely associated with memory loss compared with other aspects of cognitive functioning in mild cognitive impairment subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko Makizako
- Section for Health Promotion, Department for Research and Development to Support Independent Life of Elderly, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35 Gengo, Morioka-machi, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
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18
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Milner CE, Cote KA. Benefits of napping in healthy adults: impact of nap length, time of day, age, and experience with napping. J Sleep Res 2009; 18:272-81. [PMID: 19645971 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00718.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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An M, Huang J, Shimomura Y, Katsuura T. Time-of-day-dependent Effects of Monochromatic Light Exposure on Human Cognitive Function. J Physiol Anthropol 2009; 28:217-23. [DOI: 10.2114/jpa2.28.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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20
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Komada Y, Inoue Y, Mizuno K, Tanaka H, Mishima K, Sato H, Shirakawa S. Effects of acute simulated microgravity on nocturnal sleep, daytime vigilance, and psychomotor performance: comparison of horizontal and 6 degrees head-down bed rest. Percept Mot Skills 2007; 103:307-17. [PMID: 17165393 DOI: 10.2466/pms.103.2.307-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of acute simulated microgravity on nocturnal sleep, daytime vigilance, and psychomotor performance. Each of 7 volunteers were maintained for 3 days of head-down and horizontal bed rest in a counter-balanced design. Assessment measures were polysomnographic recordings on the first night and performance on psychophysiological tasks on the second day involving subjective and objective vigilance, P300, simple reaction time tasks, and dual performance tasks. No clear difference in sleep structure was observed between the head-down and horizontal conditions, except for a slight decrease in Stage 4 for head-down. Both subjective and objective daytime vigilance, P300, and the simple RT task showed no statistical difference, although tracking performance on the dual task showed deterioration at 10:00 for the head-down condition. These results suggest that nocturnal sleep, daytime vigilance, and psychophysiological functions were not disturbed in head-down sleep conditions, although there was a mild deterioration of higher attentional function in the morning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Komada
- Japan Somnology Center, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Geriatric Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Schapkin SA, Falkenstein M, Marks A, Griefahn B. Executive brain functions after exposure to nocturnal traffic noise: effects of task difficulty and sleep quality. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 96:693-702. [PMID: 16421758 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-005-0049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The after-effects of nocturnal traffic noise on cognitive performance and inhibitory brain activity were investigated. Twenty participants (18-30 years) performed an easy and a difficult visual Go/Nogo task with simultaneous EEG recording after a quiet night and then during three nights when aircraft noise was presented with equivalent noise levels of 39, 44, and 50 dBA, respectively, between 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. Based on subjective sleep quality rating, participants were separated into "good" versus "bad" sleepers. The performance and inhibition-related components (N2, P3) of event-related potentials were analysed. The N2 and P3 amplitudes were smaller and latencies were prolonged in the difficult than in the easy task. This effect was more pronounced for Nogo than for Go trials. The Nogo-P3 amplitude was smaller in Noise than in "Quiet" conditions in the difficult task only. In the difficult task, the Nogo-P3 latency was prolonged in bad sleepers than in good sleepers. The Nogo-P3 amplitude was reduced in Noise as compared to "Quiet" conditions in bad sleepers only. Sleep quality in bad sleepers worsened steadily with increasing noise levels. No effects of noise or subjective sleep quality on performance were found. Inhibitory processes appear to be selectively impaired after nocturnal noise exposure. The task difficulty and perceived sleep quality are important factors modulating noise effects. The results suggest that nocturnal traffic noise increase physiological costs for inhibitory functioning on the day even if no overt performance decrement is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Schapkin
- Institute for Occupational Physiology, University of Dortmund, Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
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22
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Huang J, Katsuura T, Shimomura Y, Iwanaga K. Diurnal Changes of ERP Response to Sound Stimuli of Varying Frequency in Morning-type and Evening-type Subjects. J Physiol Anthropol 2006; 25:49-54. [PMID: 16617208 DOI: 10.2114/jpa2.25.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to study the cognitive function rhythm related to the auditory frequency system for people who prefer to be active in the morning and at night, we conducted an experiment during morning (09:00), evening (17:00) and late-night (01:00) periods. On the basis of a morningness/eveningness questionnaire, six moderately morning-type subjects (M-types) and seven evening-type subjects (E-types) were selected. Diurnal variation of event-related potential (ERP) were assessed under low-frequency (250/500 Hz) and high-frequency (1000/2000 Hz) condition using an oddball task. M-types were tested during the morning (09:00) and evening (17:00) periods, and E-types were tested during the evening (17:00) and midnight (01:00) periods. Subjects were asked to press a button when the target stimulus was detected. We found that the P300 amplitude at 09:00 was significantly greater than that at 17:00 for M-types, was significantly greater at 17:00 than that at 01:00 for E-types. A significant difference of P300 latency and P300 amplitude was observed at 17:00 between M-types and E-types. The P300 amplitude obtained after a low-frequency stimulus was significantly greater than that after a high-frequency stimulus at 09:00 for M-types, and at 01:00 for E-types. These results revealed that stimulus frequency had effects on the diurnal changes of human cognitive function, and circadian typology had a direct effect on the diurnal change of human cognitive function. This study has extended the previous findings of auditory P300 studies on diurnal variations in terms of circadian typology and stimulus parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Huang
- Ergonomics Section, Department of Design and Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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23
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KOMADA YOKO. EFFECTS OF ACUTE SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY ON NOCTURNAL SLEEP, DAYTIME VIGILANCE, AND PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE: COMPARISON OF HORIZONTAL AND 6° HEAD-DOWN BED REST. Percept Mot Skills 2006. [DOI: 10.2466/pms.103.6.307-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Salmi J, Huotilainen M, Pakarinen S, Siren T, Alho K, Aronen ET. Does sleep quality affect involuntary attention switching system? Neurosci Lett 2005; 390:150-5. [PMID: 16126340 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2005] [Revised: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 08/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We studied the relationship between sleep quality and quantity and subsequently recorded automatically evoked event-related potential (ERP) responses. In previous studies decrement of attentional processing has been associated with changes in sleep. Sleep is shown to associate also with ERPs elicited by unattended sound stream, however, there is no consensus on these effects. A recent study suggested that the early anterior P3a to novel stimuli in attended stream is attenuated and the late parietal P3a is strengthened by total sleep deprivation. We carried out 72-h consecutive actigraphy measurements in a naturalistic setting to collect information about variation in sleep duration, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, and percentage of sleep. MMN and P3a deflections to infrequent changes in sound duration and pitch in unattended sound stream were obtained in a separate recording session from the same subjects when they were awake. No significant correlations were found between sleep and MMN parameters, indicating that MMN is resistant to normal variation in sleep. However, P3a to both pitch and duration changes correlated positively with sleep onset latency, and P3a to duration changes correlated negatively with sleep efficiency and percentage of sleep. The correlation was higher in the posterior scalp areas. Our results suggest that the involuntary attention switching system, reflected by the P3a is sensitized as a function of decreased sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Salmi
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Child Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Lastenlinnantie 2, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Ehlis AC, Zielasek J, Herrmann MJ, Ringel T, Jacob C, Wagener A, Fallgatter AJ. Evidence for unaltered brain electrical topography during prefrontal response control in cycloid psychoses. Int J Psychophysiol 2005; 55:165-78. [PMID: 15649548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2004.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Revised: 07/13/2004] [Accepted: 07/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prefrontal structures such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) play a decisive role in processes of action monitoring and response control, functions often impaired in schizophrenia. Patients with cycloid psychoses exhibit some characteristic neurophysiological features not indicative of the cerebral hypofrontality observed in schizophrenia. This study aimed at examining if cycloid psychoses-unlike schizophrenias-involve a normal brain-electrical topography during a task demanding prefrontal response control. METHODS Thirty-seven patients with cycloid psychoses and 37 healthy controls were investigated electrophysiologically while performing a Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Topographical analyses were conducted to individually quantify the Nogo-anteriorisation (NGA) as a neurophysiological index of prefrontal response control. RESULTS The patients exhibited an unaltered topography with a mean NGA not significantly different from the controls. They did, however, differ from the control group regarding their Global Field Power (GFP), with a significantly reduced GFP (p<0.001) and decreased latencies (p<0.01) during Nogo trials. On a behavioral level, patients exhibited prolonged reaction times and an increased rate of omission errors. CONCLUSIONS The investigated patients showed an activation of specific (presumably frontal) brain areas during Nogo trials, resulting in a frontalisation of the brain-electrical field comparable to the control group. However, the strength of this activation was apparently reduced. The patients' unaltered topographical pattern contrasts with previous findings in schizophrenic patients and supports the hypothesis that cycloid psychoses entail less severe prefrontal deficits than schizophrenias, which might be an indication of different biological backgrounds for both groups of endogenous psychoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Laboratory for Psychophysiology and Functional Imaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg Fuechsleinstrasse 15, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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26
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Habeych ME, Charles PJ, Sclabassi RJ, Kirisci L, Tarter RE. Direct and mediated associations between P300 amplitude in childhood and substance use disorders outcome in young adulthood. Biol Psychiatry 2005; 57:76-82. [PMID: 15607303 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2004] [Revised: 08/25/2004] [Accepted: 09/27/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attenuated amplitude of the P300 wave has been frequently documented in youths at high risk for substance use disorders (SUDs). This investigation had two aims: 1) determine whether P300 amplitude in late childhood is a predictor of SUD outcome by age 19; and 2) evaluate whether neurobehavior disinhibition (ND) mediates this association. METHODS Boys (aged 10-12) were recruited through proband biological fathers with either a lifetime DSM-III-R diagnosis of SUD (N = 67) or no adult psychiatric disorder (N = 94). P300 amplitude was recorded during an auditory oddball task. Neurobehavior disinhibition was evaluated using tests of executive cognitive function, behavior under control, and emotion dysregulation. The relationship is assessed using multiple and logistic regressions. RESULTS Substance use disorder by age 19 was significantly predicted by P300 amplitude (odds ratio [OR] = .958; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .918-.999; Wald chi (2) = 3.992; df = 1; p = .045) and ND score (OR = 1.060; 95% CI = 1.023-1.098; Wald chi (2) = 10.267; df = 1; p = .0014) measured at age 10 to 12. P300 amplitude also significantly correlated with ND severity (beta = -.217; t = -2.412; df = 6,160; p = .017). Low P300 amplitudes were observed in children who succumbed to SUD by age 19. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that ND mediates the association between attenuated P300 amplitude in childhood and SUD at age 19; however, P300 amplitude is not a specific childhood marker of SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel E Habeych
- Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, 711 Salk Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. meh1+@pitt.edu
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28
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Higuchi S, Liu Y, Yuasa T, Maeda A, Motohashi Y. Diurnal variations in alpha power density and subjective sleepiness while performing repeated vigilance tasks. Clin Neurophysiol 2001; 112:997-1000. [PMID: 11377257 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(01)00527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diurnal variations in EEG activity and subjectively rated sleepiness while performing repeated vigilance tasks were examined. METHODS Nine diurnally active healthy males underwent repeated vigilance tasks at 08:00, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00 and 20:00 h. An electroencephalogram (EEG) was taken while the subjects performed the tasks with their eyes open. The alpha power spectra (8.6-13.3 Hz) of EEG was integrated. Subjectively rated sleepiness, reaction time and oral temperature were also measured. RESULTS Significant diurnal variations were found for alpha power, subjectively rated sleepiness and oral temperature. The alpha power was significantly smaller at 08:00 than at 11:00, 14:00, 17:00 and 20:00 h. The subjectively rated sleepiness was significantly larger at 08:00 than at 11:00, 17:00 and 20:00 h. The diurnal variation in alpha power did not correspond to that in subjectively rated sleepiness. On the other hand, repeated vigilance tasks increased the alpha power, subjectively rated sleepiness and reaction time at each time of day. The increase in alpha power was significantly greater at 14:00 than at 08:00 and 20:00 h. CONCLUSIONS The diurnal variation was found in alpha power while performing vigilance tasks. Furthermore, the increase in alpha power with repetition of the task depended on the time of day.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Higuchi
- Department of Public Health, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, 010-8543, Akita City, Japan.
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