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Qian S, Villarejo-Campos P, Guijo I, Hernández-Villafranca S, García-Olmo D, González-Soares S, Guadalajara H, Jiménez-Galanes S, Qian C. Update for Advance CAR-T Therapy in Solid Tumors, Clinical Application in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis From Colorectal Cancer and Future Prospects. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841425. [PMID: 35401510 PMCID: PMC8990899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Latest advances in the field of cancer immunotherapy have developed the (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) CAR-T cell therapy. This therapy was first used in hematological malignancies which obtained promising results; therefore, the use of CAR-T cells has become a popular approach for treating non-solid tumors. CAR-T cells consist of T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express an artificial receptor against any surface antigen of our choice giving us the capacity of offering precise and personalized treatment. This leaded to the development of CAR-T cells for treating solid tumors with the hope of obtaining the same result; however, their use in solid tumor and their efficacy have not achieved the expected results. The reason of these results is because solid tumors have some peculiarities that are not present in hematological malignancies. In this review we explain how CAR-T cells are made, their mechanism of action, adverse effect and how solid tumors can evade their action, and also we summarize their use in colorectal cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Qian
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Siyuan Qian,
| | | | - Ismael Guijo
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Damián García-Olmo
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara González-Soares
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Guadalajara
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cheng Qian
- Chongqing Precision Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Chongqing, China
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2
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Abrantes R, Duarte HO, Gomes C, Wälchli S, Reis CA. CAR-Ts: new perspectives in cancer therapy. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:403-416. [PMID: 34978080 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy is a promising anticancer treatment that exploits the host's immune system to fight cancer. CAR-T cell therapy relies on immune cells being modified to express an artificial receptor targeting cancer-specific markers, and infused into the patients where they will recognize and eliminate the tumour. Although CAR-T cell therapy has produced encouraging outcomes in patients with haematologic malignancies, solid tumours remain challenging to treat, mainly due to the lack of cancer-specific molecular targets and the hostile, often immunosuppressive, tumour microenvironment. CAR-T cell therapy also depends on the quality of the injected product, which is closely connected to CAR design. Here, we explain the technology of CAR-Ts, focusing on the composition of CARs, their application, and limitations in cancer therapy, as well as on the current strategies to overcome the challenges encountered. We also address potential future targets to overcome the flaws of CAR-T cell technology in the treatment of cancer, emphasizing glycan antigens, the aberrant forms of which attain high tumour-specific expression, as promising targets for CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Abrantes
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique O Duarte
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Gomes
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Sébastien Wälchli
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Portugal
- FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
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3
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Plavec TV, Mitrović A, Perišić Nanut M, Štrukelj B, Kos J, Berlec A. Targeting of fluorescent Lactococcus lactis to colorectal cancer cells through surface display of tumour-antigen binding proteins. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2227-2240. [PMID: 34347360 PMCID: PMC8449671 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of targeted treatment for colorectal cancer is crucial to avoid side effects. To harness the possibilities offered by microbiome engineering, we prepared safe multifunctional cancer cell-targeting bacteria Lactococcus lactis. They displayed, on their surface, binding proteins for cancer-associated transmembrane receptors epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and co-expressed an infrared fluorescent protein for imaging. Binding of engineered L. lactis to tumour antigens EpCAM and HER2 was confirmed and characterised in vitro using soluble receptors. The proof-of-principle of targeting was demonstrated on human cell lines HEK293, HT-29 and Caco-2 with fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. The highest L. lactis adhesion was seen for the HEK293 cells with the overexpressed tumour antigens, where colocalisation with their tumour antigens was seen for 39% and 67% of EpCAM-targeting and HER2-targeting bacteria, respectively. On the other hand, no binding was observed to HEK293 cells without tumour antigens, confirming the selectivity of the engineered L. lactis. Apart from cell targeting in static conditions, targeting ability of engineered L. lactis was also shown in conditions of constant flow of bacterial suspension over the HEK293 cells. Successful targeting by engineered L. lactis support the future use of these bacteria in biopharmaceutical delivery for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Vida Plavec
- Department of BiotechnologyJožef Stefan InstituteJamova 39LjubljanaSlovenia
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaAškerčeva 7LjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Ana Mitrović
- Department of BiotechnologyJožef Stefan InstituteJamova 39LjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | - Borut Štrukelj
- Department of BiotechnologyJožef Stefan InstituteJamova 39LjubljanaSlovenia
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaAškerčeva 7LjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of BiotechnologyJožef Stefan InstituteJamova 39LjubljanaSlovenia
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaAškerčeva 7LjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Aleš Berlec
- Department of BiotechnologyJožef Stefan InstituteJamova 39LjubljanaSlovenia
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaAškerčeva 7LjubljanaSlovenia
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4
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Rocha-Filho DR, Peixoto RD, Weschenfelder RF, Rego JFM, Riechelmann R, Coutinho AK, Fernandes GS, Jacome AA, Andrade AC, Murad AM, Mello CAL, Miguel DSCG, Gomes DBD, Racy DJ, Moraes ED, Akaishi EH, Carvalho ES, Mello ES, Filho FM, Coimbra FJF, Capareli FC, Arruda FF, Vieira FMAC, Takeda FR, Cotti GCC, Pereira GLS, Paulo GA, Ribeiro HSC, Lourenco LG, Crosara M, Toneto MG, Oliveira MB, de Lourdes Oliveira M, Begnami MD, Forones NM, Yagi O, Ashton-Prolla P, Aguillar PB, Amaral PCG, Hoff PM, Araujo RLC, Di Paula Filho RP, Gansl RC, Gil RA, Pfiffer TEF, Souza T, Ribeiro U, Jesus VHF, Costa WL, Prolla G. Brazilian Group of Gastrointestinal Tumours' consensus guidelines for the management of oesophageal cancer. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1195. [PMID: 33889204 PMCID: PMC8043684 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer is among the ten most common types of cancer worldwide. More than 80% of the cases and deaths related to the disease occur in developing countries. Local socio-economic, epidemiologic and healthcare particularities led us to create a Brazilian guideline for the management of oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction (OGJ) carcinomas. The Brazilian Group of Gastrointestinal Tumours invited 50 physicians with different backgrounds, including radiology, pathology, endoscopy, nuclear medicine, genetics, oncological surgery, radiotherapy and clinical oncology, to collaborate. This document was prepared based on an extensive review of topics related to heredity, diagnosis, staging, pathology, endoscopy, surgery, radiation, systemic therapy (including checkpoint inhibitors) and follow-up, which was followed by presentation, discussion and voting by the panel members. It provides updated evidence-based recommendations to guide clinical management of oesophageal and OGJ carcinomas in several scenarios and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duilio R Rocha-Filho
- Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, 60430-372 Fortaleza, Brazil
- Grupo Oncologia D’Or, 04535-110 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Diogo B D Gomes
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, 05652-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas J Racy
- Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, 01323-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo H Akaishi
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 01246903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro S Mello
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 01246903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fauze Maluf Filho
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 01246903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Flavio R Takeda
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 01246903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo A Paulo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04040-003 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcos B Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, 01238-010 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nora M Forones
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04040-003 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Osmar Yagi
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 01246903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Paulo M Hoff
- Grupo Oncologia D’Or, 04535-110 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tulio Souza
- Hospital Aliança de Salvador, 41920-900 Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ulysses Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 01246903 São Paulo, Brazil
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Pingle S, Agrawal M, Prabhakar Bhale C. Study of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) expression in primary colorectal carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital. MGM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_83_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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6
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Mardi K, Kaur R, Negi L, Dheer A. Overexpression of HER2/Neu in gastric adenocarcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ccij.ccij_130_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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7
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Kaumaya PTP, Guo L, Overholser J, Penichet ML, Bekaii-Saab T. Immunogenicity and antitumor efficacy of a novel human PD-1 B-cell vaccine (PD1-Vaxx) and combination immunotherapy with dual trastuzumab/pertuzumab-like HER-2 B-cell epitope vaccines (B-Vaxx) in a syngeneic mouse model. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1818437. [PMID: 33117602 PMCID: PMC7553530 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1818437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has shown clinical success and activity across a broad set of cancer subtypes. However, monotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are only effective in a subset of patients and ongoing studies show efficacy of treatment depends on a combinatorial approach. Contrary to mAbs chimeric B-cell cancer vaccines incorporating a “promiscuous” T-cell epitope have the advantage of producing a polyclonal B-cell antibody that can potentially induce memory B- and T-cell responses, while reducing immune evasion and suppression. Here, we describe a novel PD-1 B-cell peptide epitope vaccine (amino acid 92–110; PD1-Vaxx) linked to a measles virus fusion peptide (MVF) amino acid 288–302 via a four amino acid residue (GPSL) emulsified in Montanide ISA 720VG that aims to induce the production of polyclonal antibodies that block PD-1 signaling and thus trigger anticancer effects similar to nivolumab. In preclinical studies, the PD1-Vaxx outperformed the standard anti-mouse PD-1 antibody (mAb 29F.1A12) in a mouse model of human HER-2 expressing colon carcinoma. Furthermore, the combination of PD1-Vaxx with combo HER-2 peptide vaccine (B-Vaxx) showed enhanced inhibition of tumor growth in colon carcinoma BALB/c model challenged with CT26/HER-2 cells. The PD-1 or combined vaccines were safe with no evidence of toxicity or autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin T P Kaumaya
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology.,The Wexner Medical Center and the Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Manuel L Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Gotovac JR, Liu DSH, Yates MJ, Milne JV, Macpherson AA, Simpson KJ, Eslick GD, Mitchell C, Duong CP, Phillips WA, Clemons NJ. GRB7 is an oncogenic driver and potential therapeutic target in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. J Pathol 2020; 252:317-329. [PMID: 32737994 PMCID: PMC7693356 DOI: 10.1002/path.5528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Efficacious therapeutic approaches are urgently needed to improve outcomes in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). However, oncogenic drivers amenable to targeted therapy are limited and their functional characterisation is essential. Among few targeted therapies available, anti‐human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy showed only modest benefit for patients with OAC. Herein, we investigated the potential oncogenic role of growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (GRB7), which is reported to be co‐amplified with HER2 (ERBB2) in OAC. GRB7 was highly expressed in 15% of OAC tumours, not all of which could be explained by co‐amplification with HER2, and was associated with a trend for poorer overall survival. Knockdown of GRB7 decreased proliferation and clonogenic survival, and induced apoptosis. Reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analyses revealed a role for PI3K, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), MAPK, and receptor tyrosine kinase signalling in the oncogenic action of GRB7. Furthermore, the GRB7 and HER2 high‐expressing OAC cell line Eso26 showed reduced cell proliferation upon GRB7 knockdown but was insensitive to HER2 inhibition by trastuzumab. Consistent with this, GRB7 knockdown in vivo with an inducible shRNA significantly inhibited tumour growth in cell line xenografts. HER2 expression did not predict sensitivity to trastuzumab, with Eso26 xenografts remaining refractory to trastuzumab treatment. Taken together, our study provides strong evidence for an oncogenic role for GRB7 in OAC and suggests that targeting GRB7 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for this cancer. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana R Gotovac
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - David SH Liu
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael J Yates
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Julia V Milne
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Arthi A Macpherson
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Guy D Eslick
- Nepean Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneyKingswoodNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Catherine Mitchell
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PathologyPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Cuong P Duong
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Surgery (St Vincent's Hospital)The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nicholas J Clemons
- Division of Cancer ResearchPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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Cortés J, Diéras V, Lorenzen S, Montemurro F, Riera-Knorrenschild J, Thuss-Patience P, Allegrini G, De Laurentiis M, Lohrisch C, Oravcová E, Perez-Garcia JM, Ricci F, Sakaeva D, Serpanchy R, Šufliarský J, Vidal M, Irahara N, Wohlfarth C, Aout M, Gelmon K. Efficacy and Safety of Trastuzumab Emtansine Plus Capecitabine vs Trastuzumab Emtansine Alone in Patients With Previously Treated ERBB2 (HER2)-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Phase 1 and Randomized Phase 2 Trial. JAMA Oncol 2020; 6:1203-1209. [PMID: 32584367 PMCID: PMC7317656 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Importance ERBB2 (HER2)-targeted therapy provides benefits in metastatic breast cancer (mBC) and gastric cancer, but additional treatments are needed to maximize efficacy and quality of life. Objective To determine maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) plus capecitabine in patients with previously treated ERBB2-positive mBC and locally advanced/metastatic gastric cancer (LA/mGC) (phase 1) and the efficacy and safety of this combination vs T-DM1 alone in patients with mBC (phase 2). Design, Setting, and Participants The MTD in phase 1 was assessed using a 3 + 3 design with capecitabine dose modification. Phase 2 was an open-label, randomized, international multicenter study of patients with mBC treated with T-DM1 plus capecitabine or T-DM1 alone. Eligible patients had previously treated ERBB2-positive mBC or LA/mGC with no prior chemotherapy treatment for advanced disease. Interventions Patients in the phase 1 mBC cohort received capecitabine (750 mg/m2, 700 mg/m2, or 650 mg/m2 twice daily, days 1-14 of a 3-week cycle) plus T-DM1 3.6 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Patients with LA/mGC received capecitabine at the mBC phase 1 MTD, de-escalating as needed, plus T-DM1 2.4 mg/kg weekly. In phase 2, patients with mBC were randomized (1:1) to receive capecitabine (at the phase 1 MTD) plus T-DM1 or T-DM1 alone. Main Outcomes and Measures The phase 1 primary objective was to identify the MTD of capecitabine plus T-DM1. The phase 2 primary outcome was investigator-assessed overall response rate (ORR). Results In phase 1, the median (range) age was 54.0 (37-71) and 57.5 (53-70) years for patients with mBC and patients with LA/mGC, respectively. The capecitabine MTD was identified as 700 mg/m2 in 11 patients with mBC and 6 patients with LA/mGC evaluable for dose-limiting toxic effects. In phase 2, between October 2014 and April 2016, patients with mBC (median [range] age, 52.0 [28-80] years) were randomized to receive combination therapy (n = 81) or T-DM1 (n = 80). The ORR was 44% (36 of 81 patients) and 36% (29 of 80 patients) in the combination and T-DM1 groups, respectively (difference, 8.2%; 90% CI, -4.5 to 20.9; P = .34; clinical cutoff, May 31, 2017). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 78 of 82 patients (95%) in the combination group, with 36 (44%) experiencing grade 3-4 AEs, and 69 of 78 patients (88%) in the T-DM1 group, with 32 (41%) experiencing grade 3-4 AEs. No grade 5 AEs were reported. Conclusions and Relevance Adding capecitabine to T-DM1 did not statistically increase ORR associated with T-DM1 in patients with previously treated ERBB2-positive mBC. The combination group reported more AEs, but with no unexpected toxic effects. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01702558.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cortés
- Quirónsalud Group, IOB Institute of Oncology, Madrid, Spain
- Quirónsalud Group, IOB Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Véronique Diéras
- Centre Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Lorenzen
- Hematology/Medical Oncology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Filippo Montemurro
- Multidisciplinary Oncology Outpatient Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Jorge Riera-Knorrenschild
- Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Thuss-Patience
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giacomo Allegrini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Pontedera Hospital, Azienda L Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michelino De Laurentiis
- Division of Breast Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Caroline Lohrisch
- BC Cancer, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eva Oravcová
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | | | - Dina Sakaeva
- Department of Chemotherapy, Republican Clinical Oncology Center, Ufa, Russia
| | - Rosanne Serpanchy
- BC Cancer, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jozef Šufliarský
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Maria Vidal
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Mounir Aout
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Now with Novartis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Gelmon
- BC Cancer, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Abstract
HER2 (ERBB2) is a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases and functions to drive signaling in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Overall, approximately 2-3% of CRCs exhibit ERBB2 amplification. Multiple phase II clinical trials have now shown that ERBB2 amplification can be predictive of response to anti-ERBB2 targeted therapy. Consequently, recently released guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommend treatment with anti-ERBB2 targeted therapy for RAS wild-type, ERBB2-amplified metastatic CRC. While circumspection is still needed, ERBB2 amplification has now emerged as the next standard-of-care biomarker for metastatic CRC, expanding targeted therapy options for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Gambardella V, Fleitas T, Tarazona N, Cejalvo JM, Gimeno-Valiente F, Martinez-Ciarpaglini C, Huerta M, Roselló S, Castillo J, Roda D, Cervantes A. Towards precision oncology for HER2 blockade in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1254-1264. [PMID: 31046106 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) represents a very heterogeneous disease and patients in advanced stages have a very poor prognosis. Although several molecular classifications have been proposed, precision medicine for HER2-amplified GEA patients still represents a challenge. Despite improvement in clinical outcomes obtained by adding trastuzumab to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, no other anti-HER2 agents used first-line or beyond progression have demonstrated any benefit. Several factors contribute to this failure. Among them, variable HER2 amplification assessment, tumour heterogeneity, molecular mechanisms of resistance and microenvironmental factors could limit the effectiveness of anti-HER2 blockade. Identifying the factors responsible for both primary and acquired resistance is a priority for providing an improved, personalised approach. In this review, we examine current treatments for HER2-amplified GEA, their potential mechanisms of resistance and the ways to overcome them, investigating the most relevant translational studies with anti-HER2 agents in GEA, as well as novel agents under development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gambardella
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia
| | - T Fleitas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia
| | - N Tarazona
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERONC, Madrid
| | - J M Cejalvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia
| | - F Gimeno-Valiente
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia
| | | | - M Huerta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia
| | - S Roselló
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERONC, Madrid
| | - J Castillo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - D Roda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERONC, Madrid
| | - A Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERONC, Madrid.
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12
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Afshari F, Soleyman-Jahi S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Roviello G, Rezaei N. The promising role of monoclonal antibodies for gastric cancer treatment. Immunotherapy 2020; 11:347-364. [PMID: 30678552 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death world-wide. Despite improvements in prevention, early detection and various therapeutic options, the prognosis is still poor. GC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with survivals less than 1 year. Chemotherapy as the mainstay of treatment in advanced stage is not of notable advantages, underlining the need for novel more effective therapeutic options. Based on current knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms, a number of novel biologic approaches such as monoclonal antibodies have been recently introduced for cancer treatment that mainly affect the immune system or target signaling pathways playing role in cancer and metastasis development. In this review, various monoclonal antibodies for GC therapy were explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Afshari
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Soleyman-Jahi
- Digestive Diseases Research Cores Center, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, USA.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), St. Louis, USA.,Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giandomenico Roviello
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, San Donato Hospital, Via Nenni 20, Arezzo, Italy.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Arezzo, Italy
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, UK
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13
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Wan X, Song Y, Fang H, Xu L, Che X, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang L, Li C, Fan Y, Hou K, Li Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Qu X. RANKL/RANK promotes the migration of gastric cancer cells by interacting with EGFR. Clin Transl Med 2020; 9:3. [PMID: 31933009 PMCID: PMC6957613 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-019-0249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer (GC) rank in top five among all malignant tumors. Chemokines and their receptor-signaling pathways reportedly play key roles in the metastasis of malignant tumor cells. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family, with strong chemokine-like effects. Some studies have pointed out that the RANKL/RANK pathway is vital for the metastasis of cancer cells, but the specific mechanisms in GC remain poorly understood. Results This study reports original findings in cell culture models and in patients with GC. Flow cytometry and western blotting analyses showed that RANK was expressed in BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells in particular. Chemotaxis experiments and wound healing assay suggested that RANKL spurred the migration of GC cells. This effect was offset by osteoprotegerin (OPG), a decoy receptor for RANKL. RANKL contributed to the activation of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family pathways. The lipid raft core protein, caveolin 1 (Cav-1), interacted with both RANK and human epidermal growth factor receptor-1(EGFR). Knockdown of Cav-1 blocked the activation of EGFR and cell migration induced by RANKL. Moreover, RANK-positive GC patients who displayed higher levels of EGFR expression had poor overall survival. Conclusions In summary, we confirmed that with the promotion of RANKL, RANK and EGFR can form complexes with the lipid raft core protein Cav-1, which together promote GC cell migration. The formation of the RANK-Cav-1-EGFR complex provides a novel mechanism for the metastasis of GC. These observations warrant confirmation in independent studies, in vitro and in vivo. They also inform future drug target discovery research and innovation in the treatment of GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Honghong Fang
- Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Shandong, 272011, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaofang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yibo Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Kezuo Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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14
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Somatic mutation profiling and HER2 status in KRAS-positive Chinese colorectal cancer patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16894. [PMID: 31729406 PMCID: PMC6858340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS is an independent negative predictor for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) treatment in colorectal cancers (CRCs). However, 30% to 50% of CRC patients are KRAS-positive and do not benefit from anti-EGFR therapy. In this study, we investigated the mutational features and clinical significance of KRAS-positive Chinese CRC patients. A total of 139 Chinese CRC patients who received clinical KRAS testing (Sanger sequencing) were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Fifty KRAS-positive specimens were further detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The most prevalent mutation in KRAS was G12D (46%), followed by G12V (20%), and G13D (18%). In addition to KRAS, 72 unique alterations in another 12 genes were also detected. The most common mutated genes were TP53 (62%), APC (46%), and PIK3CA (22%). The proportion of HER2 amplifications in KRAS-positive CRC patients was 4.4%, which was lower than that in KRAS -negative CRC patients (14.3%). No relationship was found between HER2 amplification and KRAS status (p = 0.052). However, the odds ratio is very low (0.279). In addition, these gene mutations were not significantly associated with age, sex, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, mismatch repair-deficient, or tumor differentiation. However, TP53 mutations were more prevalent in colon cancer with KRAS mutations than in rectal cancer (75.0% vs 28.6%, respectively, p = 0.004). The negative predictive value of the IHC analysis for predicting HER2 amplification reached to 98.39%, while the positive predictive value reached only 50%. Overall, the mutation profiling of Chinese CRC patients with KRAS mutations is different from that of Western CRC patients. Our results will help us to understand the molecular features of Chinese CRC patients.
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15
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Barsouk A, Rawla P, Hadjinicolaou AV, Aluru JS, Barsouk A. Targeted Therapies and Immunotherapies in the Treatment of Esophageal Cancers. Med Sci (Basel) 2019; 7:E100. [PMID: 31561465 PMCID: PMC6836115 DOI: 10.3390/medsci7100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is among the most frequent and deadly cancers around the world. While esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has one of the fastest-growing incidences amongst cancers in the US, it also has one of the lowest survival rates due to the limited effective treatment options. Fortunately, in the past decade, two targeted therapies and an immunotherapy agent have been approved by the FDA for metastatic EAC and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), with several more currently being considered for approval. In terms of immunotherapies, in July 2019, the FDA approved the PD1 inhibitor pembrolizumab for second-line treatment of PDL1-positive, advanced or metastatic ESCC. Two years before, pembrolizumab had been approved for the third-line treatment of PDL1-positive EAC. The PD1 inhibitor nivolumab, which was found in one study to outperform chemotherapy irrespective of PDL1 status, has yet to secure FDA approval. In terms of targeted therapies, although as many as 90% of EC cases show upregulated EGFR, anti-EGFR therapy has not been shown to improve survival. Ramucirumab, an antibody targeting both VEGF and HER2/neu receptors, has been approved for the treatment of refractory EAC, while the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) trastuzumab has been approved as front-line treatment for HER2-positive cases which account for approximately 20% of ECs. Although these targeted therapies and immunotherapies have resulted in significant improvements in survival for specific patient populations that are positive for certain biomarkers, such as PDL1 and HER2/neu, the survival rates remain low for a large proportion of the metastatic EC patient population, necessitating the development of further targeted treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Barsouk
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
| | - Prashanth Rawla
- Department of Medicine, Sovah Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA.
| | - Andreas V Hadjinicolaou
- Academic Clinical Post-Doctoral Fellow and Gastroenterology Resident, MRC Cancer Unit and Department of Gastroenterology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK.
| | - John Sukumar Aluru
- Senior Research Associate, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02212, USA.
| | - Alexander Barsouk
- Hematologist-Oncologist, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
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16
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Li W, Chen Y, Sun X, Yang J, Zhang DY, Wang D, Suo J. Protein expression profiles and clinicopathologic characteristics associate with gastric cancer survival. Biol Res 2019; 52:42. [PMID: 31399040 PMCID: PMC6689162 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis remains one of most crucial determinants of gastric cancer (GC) treatment, but current methods do not predict prognosis accurately. Identification of additional biomarkers is urgently required to identify patients at risk of poor prognoses. METHODS Tissue microarrays were used to measure expression of nine GC-associated proteins in GC tissue and normal gastric tissue samples. Hierarchical cluster analysis of microarray data and feature selection for factors associated with survival were performed. Based on these data, prognostic scoring models were established to predict clinical outcomes. Finally, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify a biological GC network. RESULTS Eight proteins were upregulated in GC tissues versus normal gastric tissues. Hierarchical cluster analysis and feature selection showed that overall survival was worse in cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)2, Akt1, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), Notch4, and phosphorylated (p)-protein kinase C (PKC) α/β2 immunopositive patients than in patients that were immunonegative for these proteins. Risk score models based on these five proteins and clinicopathological characteristics were established to determine prognoses of GC patients. These proteins were found to be involved in cancer related-signaling pathways and upstream regulators were identified. CONCLUSION This study identified proteins that can be used as clinical biomarkers and established a risk score model based on these proteins and clinicopathological characteristics to assess GC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.,Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jupeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - David Y Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daguang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Jian Suo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China. .,Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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17
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Pereira PMR, Mandleywala K, Ragupathi A, Carter LM, Goos JACM, Janjigian YY, Lewis JS. Temporal Modulation of HER2 Membrane Availability Increases Pertuzumab Uptake and Pretargeted Molecular Imaging of Gastric Tumors. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1569-1578. [PMID: 31171598 PMCID: PMC6836866 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.225813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is used as a tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. Pertuzumab is an anti-HER2 antibody, and its binding to tumor cells requires HER2 to be present at the cell membrane. However, the cellular distribution of HER2 protein in gastric tumors is dynamic, and HER2 internalization decreases antibody binding to tumor cells. These features preclude the use of pretargeted strategies for molecular imaging and therapy. We explored the pharmacological modulation of HER2 endocytosis as a strategy to improve pertuzumab uptake in HER2-positive gastric tumors and allow the use of a pretargeted imaging approach. Methods: We conducted in vitro and in vivo studies with NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells to determine how HER2 endocytosis affects pertuzumab binding to tumor cells. Lovastatin, a clinically approved cholesterol-lowering drug, was used to modulate caveolae-mediated HER2 endocytosis. Results: Administration of lovastatin to NCI-N87 cancer cells resulted in significant accumulation of non-activated HER2 dimers at the cell surface. Pretreatment of NCI-N87 cells with lovastatin increased in vitro specific accumulation of membrane-bound 89Zr-labeled pertuzumab. Lovastatin-enhanced pertuzumab tumor uptake was also observed in NCI-N87 gastric cancer xenografts, allowing tumor detection as early as 4 h and high-contrast images at 48 h after tracer administration via PET. Temporal enhancement of HER2 membrane availability by lovastatin allowed imaging of cell surface HER2 with transcyclooctene-conjugated antibodies and 18F-labeled tetrazine. Conclusion: Temporal pharmacological modulation of membrane HER2 may be clinically relevant and exploitable for pretargeted molecular imaging and therapy in gastric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M R Pereira
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Komal Mandleywala
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ashwin Ragupathi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lukas M Carter
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeroen A C M Goos
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and.,Radiochemistry and Molecular Imaging Probes Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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18
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Jeon HJ, Choi BBR, Park KH, Hwang DS, Kim UK, Kim GC. Induction of Melanoma Cell-Selective Apoptosis Using Anti-HER2 Antibody-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:509-516. [PMID: 31124333 PMCID: PMC6536400 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.6.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to verify the induction and mechanism of selective apoptosis in G361 melanoma cells using anti-HER2 antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNP-HER2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Following GNP-HER2 treatment of G361 cells, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were measured by WST-1 assay, Hemacolor staining, Hoechst staining, immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and Western blotting. RESULTS G361 cells treated with GNP-HER2 showed condensation of nuclei, which is an apoptotic phenomenon, and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c from mitochondria into the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. Increases in BAX in cells undergoing apoptosis, activation of caspase-3 and -9, and fragmentation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and DNA fragmentation factor 45 (inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase) were observed upon GNP-HER2 treatment. Following GNP-HER2 treatment, an increase of cells in sub-G1 phase, which is a signal of cell apoptosis, was observed. This resulted in the down-regulation of cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E, cdk2, cdk4, and cdc2 and the up-regulation of p21. Thus, GNP-HER2 treatment was confirmed to induce the cessation of cell cycle progression. Also, decreases in phospho-focal adhesion kinase and phospho-human epidermal growth factor receptor, which activate cellular focal adhesion, and decreases in phospho-paxillin, which stimulates the disassembly of filamentous actin, were observed. Reduced cell adhesion and disassembly of the intracellular structure indicated cell deactivation. CONCLUSION GNP-HER2 can selectively kill G361 melanoma cells without affecting normal cells. The mechanism of G361 cell death upon treatment with GNP-HER2 was apoptosis accompanied by activation of caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jun Jeon
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byul Bo Ra Choi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dae Seok Hwang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Uk Kyu Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
| | - Gyoo Cheon Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
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19
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Bekaii-Saab T, Wesolowski R, Ahn DH, Wu C, Mortazavi A, Lustberg M, Ramaswamy B, Fowler J, Wei L, Overholser J, Kaumaya PTP. Phase I Immunotherapy Trial with Two Chimeric HER-2 B-Cell Peptide Vaccines Emulsified in Montanide ISA 720VG and Nor-MDP Adjuvant in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3495-3507. [PMID: 30804020 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This first-in-human phase I study (NCT01417546) evaluated the safety profile, optimal immunologic/biological dose (OID/OBD), and immunogenicity of the combination of two peptide B-cell epitope vaccines engineered to represent the trastuzumab- and pertuzumab-binding sites. Although trastuzumab and pertuzumab have been approved for clinical use, patients often develop resistance to these therapies. We have advanced a new paradigm in immunotherapy that focuses on humoral responses based on conformational B-cell epitope vaccines. PATIENTS AND METHODS The vaccine is comprised of two chimeric HER-2 B-cell peptide vaccines incorporating a "promiscuous T-cell epitope." Patients were immunized with the vaccine constructs emulsified with nor-muramyl-dipeptide adjuvant in a water-in-oil Montanide ISA 720VG vehicle. Eligible patients with metastatic and/or recurrent solid tumors received three inoculations every 3 weeks. RESULTS Forty-nine patients with a median of 4 prior lines of chemotherapy received at least 1 vaccination. Twenty-eight patients completed the 3 vaccination regimens. Six patients received 1 six-month boost after the regimen, and one patient received 7 six-month boosts. No serious adverse reactions or dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The vaccine was well tolerated with dose level 2 as the recommended phase II dose. The most common related toxicity in all patients was injection-site reactions (24%). Two patients had a partial response, 14 had stable disease, and 19 had progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS The study vaccine is safe, exhibits antitumor activity, and shows preliminary indication that peptide vaccination may avoid therapeutic resistance and offer a promising alternative to monoclonal antibody therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Wesolowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel H Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Christina Wu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Maryam Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey Fowler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lai Wei
- Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jay Overholser
- Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pravin T P Kaumaya
- Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital/Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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20
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Hasan R, Bhatt D, Khan S, Khan V, Verma AK, Anees A, Dev K. Association of Her-2 Expression and Clinicopathological Parameters in Colorectal Carcinoma in Indian Population. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:6-11. [PMID: 30740151 PMCID: PMC6352485 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is an oncogenic gene and a well-established therapeutic target in several cancers including breast and ovary. AIM: The present study aimed to compare HER-2 expression status with histological grades as well as Clinicopathological parameters including age, bleeding per rectum, pain/burning sensation in defecation and exercise. METHODS: Her-2 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS: Results of the study shows that 40.96% patients were Her-2 positive for expression and a statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.004) was observed in histological grades where most of the cases were of grade II. We also observed a significant difference in histological grades with gender (p-value = 0.04), as well as in both the age groups ≤ 55 years and > 55 years (p-value = < 0.0001). Patients with the bleeding rectum and pain/burning sensation in defecation had grade II/III tumours (93.4%, 88.7%) respectively. A significant association was observed between bleeding per rectum and pain/burning sensation in defecation. About 95% of patients with pain/burning sensation in defecation had bleeding per rectum. CONCLUSION: To conclude, Her-2 can be a potential prognostic marker in CRC. The role of age, tumour grade and bleeding per rectum/burning sensation in defecation are of significant worth. Thus, CRC cases of high grades can be screened for HER-2/neu positivity so that they can be subjected to mAb-based individualised therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameez Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India.,Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepti Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Vasiuddin Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Amit Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Afzal Anees
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
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21
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La Salvia A, Lopez-Gomez V, Garcia-Carbonero R. HER2-targeted therapy: an emerging strategy in advanced colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 28:29-38. [PMID: 30513002 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1555583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors; it is a focus of research globally, but the identification of clinically actionable oncogenic drivers remains elusive. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) activation is present in approximately 5% of CRC and has acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy. Early clinical trials suggest an emerging role for personalized HER2-targeted therapy in a subset of metastatic CRC. AREAS COVERED This manuscript reviews the relevance of HER2 activation in CRC and its potential role as a target for therapy. A literature search was conducted in June 2018 of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for published preclinical and clinical studies; abstracts of international cancer meetings (AACR, ASCO, and ESMO) were also reviewed. EXPERT OPINION HER2 is activated in a small but relevant proportion of CRC patients (particularly left-side, RAS wild-type, anti-EGFR resistant tumors). Dual HER2 blockade with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) or the combination of mAbs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (trastuzumab and lapatinib) induces durable tumor responses in about one-third of HER2-positive CRC refractory to standard systemic therapy. Although immature, these results are remarkable and anticipate an expanding role for HER2 as a therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna La Salvia
- a Oncology Department , Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre , Madrid , Spain.,b Oncology Department , San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital , Orbassano , Italy
| | | | - Rocio Garcia-Carbonero
- a Oncology Department , Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre , Madrid , Spain.,c Oncology Department , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (Imas12), CNIO, CIBERONC, UCM , Madrid , Spain
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McGee S, AlGhareeb W, Ahmad C, Armstrong D, Babak S, Berry S, Biagi J, Booth C, Bossé D, Champion P, Colwell B, Finn N, Goel R, Gray S, Green J, Harb M, Hyde A, Jeyakumar A, Jonker D, Kanagaratnam S, Kavan P, MacMillan A, Muinuddin A, Patil N, Porter G, Powell E, Ramjeesingh R, Raza M, Rorke S, Seal M, Servidio-Italiano F, Siddiqui J, Simms J, Smithson L, Snow S, St-Hilaire E, Stuckless T, Tate A, Tehfe M, Thirlwell M, Tsvetkova E, Valdes M, Vickers M, Virik K, Welch S, Marginean C, Asmis T. Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference 2017. Curr Oncol 2018; 25:262-274. [PMID: 30111967 PMCID: PMC6092057 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.4083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The annual Eastern Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference 2017 was held in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 28-30 September. Experts in radiation oncology, medical oncology, surgical oncology, and cancer genetics who are involved in the management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies participated in presentations and discussion sessions for the purpose of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses multiple topics in the management of gastric, rectal, and colon cancer, including ■ identification and management of hereditary gastric and colorectal cancer (crc);■ palliative systemic therapy for metastatic gastric cancer;■ optimum duration of preoperative radiation in rectal cancer-that is, short- compared with long-course radiation;■ management options for peritoneal carcinomatosis in crc;■ implications of tumour location for treatment and prognosis in crc; and■ new molecular markers in crc.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.F. McGee
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - W. AlGhareeb
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - C.H. Ahmad
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - D. Armstrong
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - S. Babak
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - S. Berry
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - J. Biagi
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - C. Booth
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - D. Bossé
- Dana–Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, U.S.A
| | - P. Champion
- Prince Edward Island—Prince Edward Island Cancer Treatment Centre, Charlottetown
| | - B. Colwell
- Nova Scotia—qeii Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - N. Finn
- New Brunswick—Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John (Gray); Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont, Moncton (Finn, St-Hilaire); Dr. Everett Chalmers Hospital, Fredericton (Raza); Moncton City Hospital (Harb)
| | - R. Goel
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - S. Gray
- New Brunswick—Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John (Gray); Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont, Moncton (Finn, St-Hilaire); Dr. Everett Chalmers Hospital, Fredericton (Raza); Moncton City Hospital (Harb)
| | - J. Green
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - M. Harb
- New Brunswick—Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John (Gray); Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont, Moncton (Finn, St-Hilaire); Dr. Everett Chalmers Hospital, Fredericton (Raza); Moncton City Hospital (Harb)
| | - A. Hyde
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - A. Jeyakumar
- Nova Scotia—qeii Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - D. Jonker
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - S. Kanagaratnam
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - P. Kavan
- Quebec—McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (Kavan, Thirlwell); Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal (Tehfé)
| | - A. MacMillan
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - A. Muinuddin
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - N. Patil
- Nova Scotia—qeii Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - G. Porter
- Nova Scotia—qeii Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - E. Powell
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - R. Ramjeesingh
- Nova Scotia—qeii Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - M. Raza
- New Brunswick—Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John (Gray); Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont, Moncton (Finn, St-Hilaire); Dr. Everett Chalmers Hospital, Fredericton (Raza); Moncton City Hospital (Harb)
| | - S. Rorke
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - M. Seal
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - F. Servidio-Italiano
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - J. Siddiqui
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - J. Simms
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - L. Smithson
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - S. Snow
- Nova Scotia—qeii Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - E. St-Hilaire
- New Brunswick—Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John (Gray); Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont, Moncton (Finn, St-Hilaire); Dr. Everett Chalmers Hospital, Fredericton (Raza); Moncton City Hospital (Harb)
| | - T. Stuckless
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - A. Tate
- Newfoundland and Labrador— Dr. H. Bliss Murphy Cancer Centre, St. John’s (Ahmad, Armstrong, Powell, Rorke, Seal, Siddiqui, Stuckless); Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Green, Seal, Siddiqui, Tate); Faculty of Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s (Kanagaratnam); Eastern Health Authority, St. John’s (MacMillan); Labrador–Grenfell Regional Health Authority, Happy Valley–Goose Bay (Simms, Smithson)
| | - M. Tehfe
- Quebec—McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (Kavan, Thirlwell); Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal (Tehfé)
| | - M. Thirlwell
- Quebec—McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (Kavan, Thirlwell); Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal (Tehfé)
| | - E. Tsvetkova
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - M. Valdes
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - M. Vickers
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - K. Virik
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - S. Welch
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - C. Marginean
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
| | - T. Asmis
- Ontario—The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa (AlGhareeb, Asmis, Goel, Hyde, Jonker, Marginean, McGee, Vickers); Queen’s University and Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Biagi, Booth, Virik); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (Dawson); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (Babak); Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (Berry); Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston (Mahmud); Queensway Health Centre, Toronto (Muinuddin); Colorectal Cancer Canada, North York (Servidio-Italiano); Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener (Tsvetkova, Valdes); London Health Sciences Centre, London (Welch)
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Buhmeida A, Assidi M, Al-Maghrabi J, Dallol A, Sibiany A, Al-Ahwal M, Chaudhary A, Abuzenadah A, Al-Qahtani M. Membranous or Cytoplasmic HER2 Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma: Evaluation of Prognostic Value Using Both IHC & BDISH. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:129-140. [PMID: 29504811 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1439054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor recptor-2 (HER2) was identified as a driver gene in several types of cancers with both prognostic and predictive value. However, the molecular association of HER2 gene mutation with HER2 gene amplification and/or protein expression in cancer tissues has not been clearly defined. Moreover, there is little information available on HER2 status role in tumor progression and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) compared to other solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate both HER2 amplification and protein expression profiles using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and bright-field dual in situ hybridization (BDISH) techniques, respectively. PATIENTS AND METHODS Tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed to accommodate a total of 243 CRC formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of consent patients and stained by IHC and BDISH methods. The expression patterns of HER2 protein status were evaluated and correlated to HER2 gene amplification status and then assessed for its prognostic value. RESULTS The expression profile of 58% samples showed cytoplasmic expression patterns of different categories. Interestingly, only 1% showed strong (+3) membranous expression pattern of HER2 with perfect match with their corresponding gene amplification status (>2). However, the cytoplasmic HER2 protein status did not show significant correlation with most clinicopathological features and survival outcomes except with age (p = 0.04) and tumor size (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the membranous HER2 gene/protein status is infrequent, while the main fraction of HER2 overexpression was cytoplasmic and lacking prognostic value. This cytoplasmic HER2 overexpression was induced through a gene-amplification independent pathway, making the HER2 gene status evaluation approach in those cases not worthy. Further investigations about the molecular pathways of the cytoplasmic HER2 protein in CRC and its associations with survival outcomes are required to allow either a breakthrough in CRC management; or to confirm the hypothesis of a marginal role in CRC onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbaset Buhmeida
- a Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mourad Assidi
- a Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia.,b KACST Technology Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaudah Al-Maghrabi
- c Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Dallol
- a Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia.,b KACST Technology Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Sibiany
- d Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Al-Ahwal
- e Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeel Chaudhary
- a Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Abuzenadah
- a Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia.,b KACST Technology Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- a Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
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24
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Dominguez C, Rosa M, George TB, Pimiento J, Lauwers GY, Coppola D. Evaluation of Expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma Using IHC and Dual-ISH. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:367-372. [PMID: 29277796 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Trastuzumab® is used for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. Our aim was to compare HER2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and dual in situ hybridization (DISH) in early-stage vs. late-stage gastric and GEJ tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty early-stage and 50 late-stage gastric tumors and a similar number of early-stage and late-stage GEJ tumors were studied. HER2 was analyzed by IHC and dual-ISH using tissue microarray. RESULTS Of 200 selected cases, 168 had satisfactory results. Among the 110 cases with both tests successfully performed, there were only five cases with discrepancy between assays (4.5%). Seven equivocal (2+) cases by IHC were all found to be amplified by dual-ISH. When compared with IHC, dual-ISH identified 12 additional HER2-positive cases (10.9%). CONCLUSION The 12.5% overall overexpression/amplification in gastric and GEJ adenocarcinomas is in concordance with previous reports. No correlation was found between tumor stage and HER2 overexpression/amplification. Determination of HER2 in limited tissue samples benefits from combinational IHC and ISH testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Dominguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Marilin Rosa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Taara B George
- Department of Arts and Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jose Pimiento
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Gregory Y Lauwers
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A.
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Hong SH, Lee WJ, Kim YD, Kim H, Jeon YJ, Lim B, Cho DH, Heo WD, Yang DH, Kim CY, Yang HK, Yang JK, Jung YK. APIP, an ERBB3-binding partner, stimulates erbB2-3 heterodimer formation to promote tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21601-17. [PMID: 26942872 PMCID: PMC5008309 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family member ERBB3 (HER3) is deregulated in many cancers, the list of ERBB3-interacting partners remains limited. Here, we report that the Apaf-1-interacting protein (APIP) stimulates heregulin-β1 (HRG-β1)/ERBB3-driven cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. APIP levels are frequently increased in human gastric cancers and gastric cancer-derived cells. Cell proliferation and tumor formation are repressed by APIP downregulation and stimulated by its overexpression. APIP's role in the ERBB3 pathway is not associated with its functions within the methionine salvage pathway. In response to HRG-β1, APIP binds to the ERBB3 receptor, leading to an enhanced binding of ERBB3 and ERBB2 that results in sustained activations of ERK1/2 and AKT protein kinases. Furthermore, HRG-β1/ERBB3-dependent signaling is gained in APIP transgenic mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), but not lost in Apip−/− MEFs. Our findings offer compelling evidence that APIP plays an essential role in ERBB3 signaling as a positive regulator for tumorigenesis, warranting future development of therapeutic strategies for ERBB3-driven gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Hoon Hong
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Won Jae Lee
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Young Doo Kim
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Kim
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Bitna Lim
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Gyeoggi-Do 446-701, Korea
| | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Doo-Hyun Yang
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-180, Korea
| | - Chan-Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-180, Korea
| | - Han-Kwang Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Jin Kuk Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
| | - Yong-Keun Jung
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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26
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Hedner C, Borg D, Nodin B, Karnevi E, Jirström K, Eberhard J. Expression and prognostic significance of human epidermal growth factor receptors 1, 2 and 3 in oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas preneoadjuvant and postneoadjuvant treatment. J Clin Pathol 2017; 71:451-462. [PMID: 29138285 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Neoadjuvant treatment has now become the standard of care for oesophageal and gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of neoadjuvant therapy on the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (HER1/EGFR), HER2 and HER3, in oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS Immunohistochemical expression of EGFR, HER2 and HER3 was examined and compared in pretreatment biopsies, post-treatment surgical resection specimens and metastases in a retrospective cohort of 166 patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus or stomach. The relationship between expression of the investigative markers and histopathological response to neoadjuvant treatment, overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) was analysed. RESULTS Conversion of protein expression between pretreatment biopsy and post-treatment surgical resection was seen in 4.6% of the cases for EGFR, 5.9% for HER2% and 19.4% for HER3. Histopathological response to neoadjuvant treatment was significantly and stepwise associated with OS and RFS . High HER3 protein expression in post-treatment surgical resection specimens was significantly associated with a prolonged OS in univariable analysis (HR=0.39; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.93), but did not remain significant in multivariable analysis. Expression of EGFR and HER2 in post-treatment surgical resection specimens was not prognostic. No correlation between pretreatment HER-protein expression and histopathological response was seen. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study underscore the need for further studies on the influence of neoadjuvant treatment on biomarker expression, as this may influence treatment strategy as well as prognosis. Histopathological response is validated as a useful prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Hedner
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Borg
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Nodin
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emelie Karnevi
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Eberhard
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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27
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Samson P, Lockhart AC. Biologic therapy in esophageal and gastric malignancies: current therapies and future directions. J Gastrointest Oncol 2017; 8:418-429. [PMID: 28736629 PMCID: PMC5506284 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2016.11.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologic agents, including targeted antibodies as well as immunomodulators, are demonstrating unparalleled development and study across the entire spectrum of human malignancy. This review summarizes the current state of biologic therapies for esophageal, esophagogastric, and gastric malignancies, including those that target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-Met, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and immunomodulators. We focus primarily on agents that have been included in phase II and III clinical trials in locally advanced, progressive, or metastatic esophageal and gastric malignancies. At this time, only two biologic therapies are recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN): trastuzumab for patients with esophageal/esophagogastric or gastric adenocarcinomas with HER2 overexpression and ramucirumab, a VEGFR-2 inhibitor, as a second-line therapy for metastatic disease. However, recent reports of increases in overall and progression-free survival for agents including pertuzumab, apatinib, and pembrolizumab will likely increase the use of targeted biologic therapy in clinical practice for esophageal and gastric malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Samson
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A. Craig Lockhart
- Division of Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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28
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Targeted α-Particle Radiation Therapy of HER1-Positive Disseminated Intraperitoneal Disease: An Investigation of the Human Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody, Panitumumab. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:535-545. [PMID: 28577439 PMCID: PMC5458064 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying molecular targets and an appropriate targeting vehicle, i.e., monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and their various forms, for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) remains an active area of research. Panitumumab, a fully human and less immunogenic mAb that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (Erb1; HER1), was evaluated for targeted α-particle radiation therapy using 212Pb, an in vivo α generator. A single dose of 212Pb-panitumumab administered to athymic mice bearing LS-174T intraperitoneal (i.p.) tumor xenografts was found to have greater therapeutic efficacy when directly compared with 212Pb-trastuzumab, which binds to HER2. A dose escalation study determined a maximum effective working dose of 212Pb-panitumumab to be 20 μCi with a median survival of 35 days versus 25 days for the untreated controls. Pretreatment of tumor-bearing mice with paclitaxel and gemcitabine 24 hours prior to injection of 212Pb-pantiumumab at 10 or 20 μCi resulted in the greatest enhanced therapeutic response at the higher dose with median survivals of 106 versus 192 days, respectively. The greatest therapeutic impact, however, was observed in the animals that were treated with topotecan 24 hours prior to RIT and then again 24 hours after RIT; the best response from this combination was also obtained with the lower 10-μCi dose of 212Pb-panitumumab (median survival >280 days). In summary, 212Pb-panitumumab is an excellent candidate for the treatment of HER1-positive disseminated i.p. disease. Furthermore, the potentiation of the therapeutic impact of 212Pb-pantiumumab by chemotherapeutics confirms and validates the importance of developing a multimodal therapy regimen.
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29
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Kepil N, Batur S, Sonmez Wetherilt C, Erdamar Cetin S. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) status evaluation in advanced gastric cancer using immunohistochemistry versus silver in situ hybridization. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2017; 17:109-113. [PMID: 27579854 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2016.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate identification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) status in advanced gastric cancer patients is of utmost importance in terms of treatment planning. This study aimed to examine the HER-2 status in advanced gastric cancer patients using both immunohistochemistry (IHC) and silver in situ hybridization (SISH) techniques and to investigate concordance and diagnostic accuracy. In addition, associations between clinical parameters and HER 2 status were examined. A total of 313 patients diagnosed with locally advanced (Stage III: T3-4, N+) recurrent or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction, between 2009 and 2015, were included. HER-2 status was examined using both IHC and SISH techniques and the findings were compared. Overall SISH-confirmed HER-2 positivity rate was 22%. Multivariate analysis identified only well-differentiated tumor as a significant predictor of HER-2 positivity (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.4-5.9, p = 0.003). When IHC 2+ and 3+ were considered positive for HER-2 status, sensitivity, specificity, and concordance rate (κ) was 95.7%, 93.8%, and 0.84, respectively. Corresponding figures when only IHC 3+ cases were considered positive were lower: 50%, 100%, and 0.61, respectively. The present method used for the identification of HER-2 positive gastric cancer patients provides satisfactory results. However, better categorization of IHC 2+ cases has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy, which is particularly important when more sophisticated methods are not readily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Kepil
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
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30
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Immunohistochemical Study of HER2/neu Expression in Colorectal Cancer and its Relation to other Clinicopathological Criteria and Prognostic Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.5700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Ebbing EA, Medema JP, Damhofer H, Meijer SL, Krishnadath KK, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Bijlsma MF, van Laarhoven HWM. ADAM10-mediated release of heregulin confers resistance to trastuzumab by activating HER3. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10243-54. [PMID: 26863569 PMCID: PMC4891117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases of the HER-family are involved in the development and progression of multiple epithelial tumors, and have consequently become widely used targets for new anti-cancer therapies. Trastuzumab, an antibody against HER2, has shown potent growth inhibitory effects on HER2 overexpressing tumors, including gastro-esophageal cancer, however, resistance to this therapy is inevitable. Unfortunately, a paucity of data on the cellular mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapeutic agents exists in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Using primary established HER2-overexpressing cultures and patient-derived xenograft models, we now reveal a novel resistance mechanism to trastuzumab in esophageal cancer: In response to trastuzumab, both HER3 and the metalloprotease ADAM10 are simultaneously upregulated. The proteolytic activity of the latter then releases the HER3 ligand heregulin from the cell surface to activate HER3 and confer resistance to trastuzumab by inducing compensatory growth factor receptor signaling. Blocking either HER3 or ADAM10 effectively reverts the acquired resistance to trastuzumab. Our data thus provide strategies to inhibit this signaling and circumvent resistance to trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva A Ebbing
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Genomics Center, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helene Damhofer
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sybren L Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kausilia K Krishnadath
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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HRG/HER2/HER3 signaling promotes AhR-mediated Memo-1 expression and migration in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2016; 36:2394-2404. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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33
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Fanotto V, Ongaro E, Rihawi K, Avallone A, Silvestris N, Fornaro L, Vasile E, Antonuzzo L, Leone F, Rosati G, Giuliani F, Bordonaro R, Scartozzi M, Maglio GD, Negri FV, Fasola G, Aprile G. HER-2 inhibition in gastric and colorectal cancers: tangible achievements, novel acquisitions and future perspectives. Oncotarget 2016; 7:69060-69074. [PMID: 27542243 PMCID: PMC5356612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HER-2 (ErbB-2, c-erbB2 or Her2/neu), a member of the HER-family, is directly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of several human cancers; as such, it is also often considered as a poor prognostic factor. Following the revolutionary impact of anti-HER-2 therapy in breast cancer patients, the role of HER-2 and its blockade has also been extensively evaluated in other tumor types, including gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma. The aims of this review are to recall the important results achieved with the use of HER-2 inhibitors in both gastric and colorectal cancer, and to discuss on the updates available on the role of HER-2 as prognostic and predictive factor in these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fanotto
- Department of Oncology, University and General Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Ongaro
- Department of Oncology, University and General Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Karim Rihawi
- Department of Oncology, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Avallone
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute “Fondazione Giovanni Pascale”-IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Department of Oncology, National CancerInstitute “Giovanni Paolo II”-IRCSS, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fornaro
- Unit of Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Vasile
- Unit of Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Leone
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO-IRCCS, Torino, Italy
| | - Gerardo Rosati
- Medical Oncology Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuliani
- Department of Oncology, National CancerInstitute “Giovanni Paolo II”-IRCSS, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mario Scartozzi
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Gianpiero Fasola
- Department of Oncology, University and General Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Aprile
- Department of Oncology, University and General Hospital, Udine, Italy
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34
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Madani SH, Rahmati A, Sadeghi E, Khazaei S, Sadeghi M, Payandeh M, Amirifard N. Survey of Her2-neu Expression and its Correlation with Histology of Gastric Carcinoma and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:7755-8. [PMID: 26625793 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.17.7755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that HER2-neu is an important biomarker in gastric carcinomas (GC) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate HER2-neu expression and also some clinicopathological features of these neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 211 paraffin-embedded blocks, 193 GC and 18 GEJ. Then 4 micron sections were prepared for staining with hematoxylin and eosin and also for IHC (Her2-neu). The Chi-square test was used for significance between expression of HER2-neu and clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS In patients with advanced cancer of GC and GEJ, HER2-neu overexpression was more associated with the intestinal cancer subtype. CONCLUSIONS This could be a guide to new complementary therapy for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Hamid Madani
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran E-mail :
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35
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LaBonte MJ, Yang D, Zhang W, Wilson PM, Nagarwala YM, Koch KM, Briner C, Kaneko T, Rha SY, Gladkov O, Urba SG, Sakaeva D, Pishvaian MJ, Hsieh RK, Lee WP, Lenz HJ. A Phase II Biomarker-Embedded Study of Lapatinib plus Capecitabine as First-line Therapy in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Gastric Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2251-8. [PMID: 27325685 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An exploratory phase II biomarker-embedded trial (LPT109747; NCT00526669) designed to determine the association of lapatinib-induced fluoropyrimidine gene changes with efficacy of lapatinib plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma independent of tumor HER2 status. Tumor biopsies obtained before and after 7-day lapatinib (1,250 mg) to analyze changes in gene expression, followed by a 14-day course of capecitabine (1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily, 14/21 days) plus lapatinib 1,250 mg daily. Blood samples were acquired for pharmacokinetic analysis. Primary clinical objectives were response rate (RR) and 5-month progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives were overall survival (OS), PFS, time to response, duration of response, toxicity, and identification of associations between lapatinib pharmacokinetics and biomarker endpoints. Primary biomarker objectives were modulation of 5-FU-pathway genes by lapatinib, effects of germline SNPs on treatment outcome, and trough steady-state plasma lapatinib concentrations. Sixty-eight patients were enrolled; (75% gastric cancer, 25% gastroesophageal junction). Twelve patients (17.9%) had confirmed partial response, 31 (46.3%) had stable disease, and 16 (23.9%) had progressive disease. Median PFS and OS were 3.3 and 6.3 months, respectively. Frequent adverse events included diarrhea (45%), decreased appetite (39%), nausea (36%), and fatigue (36%). Lapatinib induced no changes in gene expression from baseline and no significant associations were found for SNPs analyzed. Elevated baseline HER3 mRNA expression was associated with a higher RR (33% vs. 0%; P = 0.008). Lapatinib plus capecitabine was well tolerated, demonstrating modest antitumor activity in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The association of elevated HER3 and RR warrants further investigation as an important player for HER-targeted regimens in combination with capecitabine. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2251-8. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J LaBonte
- Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, California. Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Dongyun Yang
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wu Zhang
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Peter M Wilson
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yasir M Nagarwala
- GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Development and Medical Affairs Oncology, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin M Koch
- GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Pharmacology, Durham North Carolina
| | - Colleen Briner
- GlaxoSmithKline Oncology Clinical and Operational Sciences, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Tomomi Kaneko
- GlaxoSmithKline Oncology Clinical and Operational Sciences, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Sun-Young Rha
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Oleg Gladkov
- Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Susan G Urba
- University of Michigan Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Dina Sakaeva
- Bashkir Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Ufa, Russia
| | | | | | - Wei-Ping Lee
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
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Cha N, Han X, Jia B, Liu Y, Wang X, Gao Y, Ren J. Structure-based design of peptides against HER2 with cytotoxicity on colon cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:649-654. [PMID: 27068253 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2016.1167705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nier Cha
- Cancer Center, Beijing Key Lab of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhua Han
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Baoqing Jia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Yanheng Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Key Lab of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ren
- Cancer Center, Beijing Key Lab of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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37
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Joshi BP, Zhou J, Pant A, Duan X, Zhou Q, Kuick R, Owens SR, Appelman H, Wang TD. Design and Synthesis of Near-Infrared Peptide for in Vivo Molecular Imaging of HER2. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 27:481-94. [PMID: 26709709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the development, characterization, and validation of a peptide specific for the extracellular domain of HER2. This probe chemistry was developed for molecular imaging by using a structural model to select an optimal combination of amino acids that maximize the likelihood for unique hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions with HER2 domain 3. The sequence KSPNPRF was identified and conjugated with either FITC or Cy5.5 via a GGGSK linker using Fmoc-mediated solid-phase synthesis to demonstrate flexibility for this chemical structure to be labeled with different fluorophores. A scrambled sequence was developed for control by altering the conformationally rigid spacer and moving both hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids on the C-terminus. We validated peptide specificity for HER2 in knockdown and competition experiments using human colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and measured a binding affinity of kd = 21 nM and time constant of k = 0.14 min(-1) (7.14 min). We used this peptide with either topical or intravenous administration in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer to demonstrate specific uptake in spontaneous adenomas and to show feasibility for real time in vivo imaging with near-infrared fluorescence. We used this peptide in immunofluorescence studies of human proximal colon specimens to evaluate specificity for sessile serrated and sporadic adenomas. Improved visualization can be used endoscopically to guide tissue biopsy and detect premalignant lesions that would otherwise be missed. Our peptide design for specificity to HER2 is promising for clinical translation in molecular imaging methods for early cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu P Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Asha Pant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiyu Duan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rork Kuick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Scott R Owens
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Henry Appelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Thomas D Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biostatistics, ∥Department of Pathology, and ⊥Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Madani SH, Sadeghi E, Rezaee A, Sadeghi M, Khazaee S, Amirifard N, Payandeh M. Survey of HER2-neu Expression in Colonic Adenocarcinoma in the West of Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:7671-4. [PMID: 26625779 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.17.7671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of HER2-neu has been reported in many epithelial malignancies, including cancers of the breast, ovaries, lungs, prostate, bladder, pancreas, colorectum and stomach as well as osteosarcomas. The aim of this study was evaluation of expression of HER2-neu immunohistochemistry (IHC) status and clinicopathologic features in a series of colonic adenocarcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this descriptive and analytical study, we surveyed 211 samples of colon adenocarcinoma from 182 patients (86.3%) undergoing total or partial colectomy and 29 (7.13%) with biopsies by colonoscopy. A sufficient sample size was obtained from all cases and the slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and also by IHC (HER2) staining. RESULTS The mean age for the patients at diagnosis was 57.9 years (range, 15-88 years). One hundred and twenty one patients (57.3%) were male. Of all patients, 201 samples (95.3%) were conventional adenocarcinomas (159, 29 and 13 cases were well, moderately and poorly differentiated, respectively) and 10 (4.7%) were mucinous type. Out of 211 cases, 171 were checked for lymph nodes metastasis and 64 were positive. There is a correlation between HER2 scores and differentiation, most score 3 cases being well differentiated (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In patients with advanced colon cancer, surgery alone is not curative and other forms of therapy may be required to prolong patient survival. HER2 overexpression was found in some cases and this could be a guideline to new adjuvant therapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Hamid Madani
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran E-mail :
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Zhao D, Sui Y, Zheng X. MiR-331-3p inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting HER2 through the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways in colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1075-82. [PMID: 26718987 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis and carcinogenesis by targeting related mRNAs in different types of cancer. miR-331-3p has been found to regulate the development and progression of various types of cancer cells. However, little research has been conducted on the role of miR-331-3p in colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study aimed to explore the function of miR-331-3p in CRC. We found that miR-331-3p was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and cells compared to the level in healthy colon tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-331-3p by transfection with pre‑miR-331-3p inhibited cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis and activated caspase-3. Furthermore, the protein expression level of apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 was downregulated and Bax was upregulated by pre‑miR‑331-3p. Downregulation of the expression of miR-331-3p by transfection with AS-miR-331-3p had the opposite effect. Moreover, we found that HER2 was overexpressed in the CRC cell lines, and the expression level of HER2 was negatively regulated by miR‑331-3p. Additionally, knockdown of HER2 inhibited cell proliferation and phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 induced by AS-miR-331-3p. Overall, we identified that miR‑331-3p is underexpressed in CRC and contributes to cell growth regulation by targeting HER2 through activating the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Sui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zheng
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Assessment of a HER2 scoring system for colorectal cancer: results from a validation study. Mod Pathol 2015; 28:1481-91. [PMID: 26449765 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We sought to develop criteria for ERBB2-positivity (HER2) in colorectal cancer to ensure accurate identification of ERBB2-amplified metastatic colorectal cancer patients suitable for enrollment in a phase II trial of ERBB2-targeted therapy (HERACLES trial). A two-step approach was used. In step 1, a consensus panel of pathologists adapted existing protocols for use in colorectal cancer to test ERBB2 expression and amplification. Collegial revision of an archival test cohort of colorectal cancer samples led to specific recommendations for adapting current breast and gastric cancer criteria for scoring ERBB2 in colorectal cancer. In step 2, from September 2012 to January 2015, colorectal-specific ERBB2 testing protocols and ERBB2 scoring criteria were used to centrally screen for ERBB2-positive KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer patients to be enrolled in the HERACLES trial (clinical validation cohort). In both archival test (N=256) and clinical validation (N=830) cohorts, a clinically sizeable 5% fraction of KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer patients was found to be ERBB2-positive according to the colorectal cancer-specific ERBB2 scoring criteria. ERBB2-positive tumors showed ERBB2 immunostaining consisting of intense membranous ERBB2 protein expression, corresponding to homogenous ERBB2 amplification, in >50% of cells. None of the immunohistochemistry 0 or 1+ cases was amplified. Concordance between SISH and FISH was 100%. In conclusion, we propose specific criteria for defining ERBB2-positivity in colorectal cancer (HERACLES Diagnostic Criteria). In a phase II trial of trastuzumab and lapatinib in a cetuximab-resistant population, HERACLES Diagnostic Criteria shaped the selection of patients and defined ERBB2 as a predictive marker for response to ERBB2-targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Bhusari P, Vatsa R, Singh G, Dhawan DK, Shukla J, Mittal BR. Development and characterization of DTPA-trastuzumab conjugates for radiolabeling with Tc-99m: A radiopharmaceutical for HER2/neu breast cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Milenic DE, Baidoo KE, Kim YS, Brechbiel MW. Evaluation of cetuximab as a candidate for targeted α-particle radiation therapy of HER1-positive disseminated intraperitoneal disease. MAbs 2015; 7:255-64. [PMID: 25587678 DOI: 10.4161/19420862.2014.985160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), also known as HER1, has been studied for over a decade, it continues to be a molecule of great interest and focus of investigators for development of targeted therapies. The marketed monoclonal antibody cetuximab binds to HER1, and thus might serve as the basis for creation of imaging or therapies that target this receptor. The potential of cetuximab as a vehicle for the delivery of α-particle radiation was investigated in an intraperitoneal tumor mouse model. The effective working dose of 10 μCi of (212)Pb-cetuximab was determined from a dose (10-50 μCi) escalation study. Toxicity, as indicated by the lack of animal weight loss, was not evident at the 10 μCi dose of (212)Pb-cetuximab. A subsequent study demonstrated (212)Pb-cetuximab had a therapeutic efficacy similar to that of (212)Pb-trastuzumab (p = 0.588). Gemcitabine given 24 h prior to (212)Pb-cetuximab increased the median survival from 174 d to 283 d, but carboplatin suppressed the effectiveness of (212)Pb-cetuximab. Notably, concurrent treatment of tumor-bearing mice with (212)Pb-labeled cetuximab and trastuzumab provided therapeutic benefit that was greater than either antibody alone. In conclusion, cetuximab proved to be an effective vehicle for targeting HER1-expressing tumors with α-radiation for the treatment of disseminated intraperitoneal disease. These studies provide further evidence that the multimodality therapy regimens may have greater efficacy and benefit in the treatment of cancer patients.
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Key Words
- %ID/g, percent injected dose per gram
- 212Pb
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- HER1
- HulgG, human immunoglobulin
- MS, median survival
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PET, positron emission tomography
- RIT, radioimmunotherapy
- TCMC, 1,4,7,10-tetraaza-1,4,7,10-tetra-(2-carbamoyl methyl)-cyclododecane
- cetuximab
- i.p., intraperitoneal
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- radioimmunotherapy
- s.c, subcutaneous
- α-particle
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Milenic
- a Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section; Radiation Oncology Branch; Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda MD USA
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Hedner C, Tran L, Borg D, Nodin B, Jirström K, Eberhard J. Discordant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression in primary and metastatic upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma signifies poor prognosis. Histopathology 2015; 68:230-40. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Hedner
- Division of Oncology and Pathology; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - Lena Tran
- Division of Oncology and Pathology; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - David Borg
- Division of Oncology and Pathology; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - Björn Nodin
- Division of Oncology and Pathology; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Division of Oncology and Pathology; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - Jakob Eberhard
- Division of Oncology and Pathology; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
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Overholser J, Ambegaokar KH, Eze SM, Sanabria-Figueroa E, Nahta R, Bekaii-Saab T, Kaumaya PTP. Anti-Tumor Effects of Peptide Therapeutic and Peptide Vaccine Antibody Co-targeting HER-1 and HER-2 in Esophageal Cancer (EC) and HER-1 and IGF-1R in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Vaccines (Basel) 2015; 3:519-43. [PMID: 26350593 PMCID: PMC4586465 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines3030519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the promise of targeted therapies, there remains an urgent need for effective treatment for esophageal cancer (EC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Current FDA-approved drugs have significant problems of toxicity, safety, selectivity, efficacy and development of resistance. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that rationally designed peptide vaccines/mimics are a viable therapeutic strategy for blocking aberrant molecular signaling pathways with high affinity, specificity, potency and safety. Specifically, we postulate that novel combination treatments targeting members of the EGFR family and IGF-1R will yield significant anti-tumor effects in in vitro models of EC and TNBC possibly overcoming mechanisms of resistance. We show that the combination of HER-1 and HER-2 or HER-1 and IGF-1R peptide mimics/vaccine antibodies exhibited enhanced antitumor properties with significant inhibition of tumorigenesis in OE19 EC and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell lines. Our work elucidates the mechanisms of HER-1/IGF-1R and HER-1/HER-2 signaling in these cancer cell lines, and the promising results support the rationale for dual targeting with HER-1 and HER-2 or IGF-1R as an improved treatment regimen for advanced therapy tailored to difference types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Overholser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Kristen Henkins Ambegaokar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Siobhan M Eze
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Eduardo Sanabria-Figueroa
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Rita Nahta
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Pravin T P Kaumaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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HER2 Expression in Gastric Adenocarcinoma-a Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India. Indian J Surg Oncol 2015; 7:18-24. [PMID: 27065677 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-015-0436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the literature available, HER2(human epidermal growth factor 2)status in gastric carcinoma has been studied worldwide, however there is a paucity of published data from India. Hence, this study was taken up to evaluate HER2 overexpression in gastric adenocarcinoma patients and to assess the relationship between its expression and clinicopathological tumor parameters. Prospective study was conducted in a teaching hospital over a period of 27 months. Total or subtotal gastrectomy resection specimens and small biopsies were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out on all the cases to evaluate the expression of HER2 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Fluorescence Insitu Hybridization (FISH) was done for equivocal cases on IHC. The data was analyzed using Chi square test / Fisher's Exact Test. Odds ratio was computed between HER2 and other pathologic variables. HER2 overexpression was confirmed in 16 (27.6 %) cases of which 15 (93.8 %) cases were of intestinal type whereas only 1 (6.2 %) case of diffuse type adenocarcinoma. Hence, HER2 positivity was significantly more common in the intestinal type of gastric cancer compared to the diffuse type (p = 0.045). Positivity of HER2 was more in small biopsies as compared to the resection specimens in this study but the p value was not significant. There was no difference in HER2 overexpression in relation to the age, gender, tumor site, tumor differentiation and stage. HER2 overexpression is more prevalent in the intestinal subtype. The relatively high percentage of HER2 positive tumors may provide a useful target for immunotherapy of these cancers.
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46
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Niccolai E, Taddei A, Prisco D, Amedei A. Gastric cancer and the epoch of immunotherapy approaches. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5778-5793. [PMID: 26019442 PMCID: PMC4438012 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of gastric cancer (GC) fell dramatically over the last 50 years, but according to IARC-Globocan 2008, it is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths with a case fatality GC ratio higher than other common malignancies. Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for GC though the overall 5-year survival rate remains poor (approximately 20%-25%). To improve the outcome of resectable gastric cancer, different treatment strategies have been evaluated such as adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy. In resected gastric cancer, the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy does not appear to provide any additional benefit. Moreover, in metastatic patients, chemotherapy is the mainstay of palliative therapy with a median overall survival of 8-10 mo and objective response rates of merely 20%-40%. Therefore, the potential for making key beneficial progress is to investigate the GC molecular biology to realize innovative therapeutic strategies, such as specific immunotherapy. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of the different immune-based strategies used for gastric cancer treatment and the results obtained in the most significant clinical trials. In detail, firstly we describe the therapeutic approaches that utilize the monoclonal antibodies while in the second part we analyze the cell-based immunotherapies.
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47
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Correlations of Human Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Overexpression with MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, p53, and Clinicopathological Characteristics in Gastric Cancer Patients with Curative Resection. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:946359. [PMID: 26060493 PMCID: PMC4427822 DOI: 10.1155/2015/946359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between HER2 overexpression in the tumor and MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, and p53 status and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients. Methods. This retrospective study included 282 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery at the Kosin University Gospel Hospital between April 2011 and December 2012. All tumor samples were examined for HER2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, and p53 expression by staining. A retrospective review of the medical records was conducted to determine the correlation between the presence of HER2 overexpression and clinicopathological factors. Results. The HER2-positive rate was 18.1%. Although no association was found between HER2 expression and MUC5AC, the expression of MUC2, MUC6, and p53 was significantly correlated with HER2 positivity, respectively (P = 0.004, 0.037, 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that HER2 overexpression and nodal status were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions. HER2 overexpression in gastric carcinoma is an independent poor prognostic factor.
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48
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Katz DA, Abrams RA, Sclamberg JS, Usha L. Radiosensitizing effect of anti-HER2/neu agents: Report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Pract Radiat Oncol 2015; 5:e61-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bellmunt J, Werner L, Bamias A, Fay AP, Park RS, Riester M, Selvarajah S, Barletta JA, Berman DM, de Muga S, Salido M, Gallardo E, Rojo F, Guancial EA, Bambury R, Mullane SA, Choueiri TK, Loda M, Stack E, Rosenberg J. HER2 as a target in invasive urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Med 2015; 4:844-52. [PMID: 25720673 PMCID: PMC4472207 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated primary tumors from two cohorts, Spain (N = 111) and Greece (N = 102), for patients who were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were tested for HER2 status (IHC score of 3+ or FISH ratio of ≥ 2.2) by immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), DNA copy number, mRNA expression, and mutation status in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC), and its impact on survival. ERBB2 mutation was determined by hotspot sequencing. mRNA expression was assessed using NanoString counting. Association of overall survival (OS) and HER2 status was assessed by a Cox regression model. NIH-3T3 cells containing HER2 V777L were assessed for growth, invasion, and HER2 kinase activation. In all, 22% of Spanish and 4% of Greek cohorts had 3+ HER2 staining by IHC. FISH amplification was identified in 20% of Spanish and 4% of Greek cohorts. Kappa coefficient between FISH and IHC was 0.47. HER2 status was not associated with OS in univariate (Spanish P = 0.34; Greek P = 0.11) or multivariate (Spanish P = 0.49; Greek P = 0.12) analysis. HER2-positive tumors expressed higher levels of HER2 mRNA than HER2-negative tumors (P < 0.001). HER2 mutations (V777L and L755S) were identified in two (2%) patients. In vitro analysis of V777L results in transformation of NIH-3T3 cells, leading to increased growth, invasion on soft agar, and HER2 kinase constitutive activation. In summary, HER2 overexpression or amplification in the primary tumor did not predict OS in patients with metastatic UC. HER2 positivity rates can differ between different populations. Further trials in genomically screened patients are needed to assess HER2-targeted therapies in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Bellmunt
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital de Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lillian Werner
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aristotle Bamias
- University of Athens and Hellenic Co-operative Oncology Group, Athens, Greece
| | - André P Fay
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel S Park
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Markus Riester
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shamini Selvarajah
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Justine A Barletta
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David M Berman
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Silvia de Muga
- Hospital de Mar Research Institute-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Salido
- Hospital de Mar Research Institute-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Federico Rojo
- Hospital de Mar Research Institute-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.,IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elizabeth A Guancial
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard Bambury
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Stephanie A Mullane
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Stack
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Rosenberg
- Bladder Cancer Center, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
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Belkhiri A, El-Rifai W. Advances in targeted therapies and new promising targets in esophageal cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1348-58. [PMID: 25593196 PMCID: PMC4359299 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer, comprising squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Notably, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has increased at an alarming rate in the Western world. Unfortunately, the standard first-line chemo-radiotherapeutic approaches are toxic and of limited efficacy in the treatment of a significant number of cancer patients. The molecular analysis of cancer cells has uncovered key genetic and epigenetic alterations underlying the development and progression of tumors. These discoveries have paved the way for the emergence of targeted therapy approaches. This review will highlight recent progress in the development of targeted therapies in esophageal cancer. This will include a review of drugs targeting receptor tyrosine kinases and other kinases in esophageal cancer. Additional studies will be required to develop a rational integration of these targeted agents with respect to histologic types of esophageal cancer and the optimal selection of cancer patients who would most likely benefit from targeted therapy. Identification of AURKA and AXL as key molecular players in esophageal tumorigenesis and drug resistance strongly justifies the evaluation of the available drugs against these targets in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbes Belkhiri
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
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