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Lin JT, Chiang YC, Li PH, Chiang PY. Structural and Release Properties of Combined Curcumin Controlled-Release Tablets Formulated with Chitosan/Sodium Alginate/HPMC. Foods 2024; 13:2022. [PMID: 38998528 PMCID: PMC11241607 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlled-release tablets offer several benefits, such as controlled release, odor masking, ease of use, stability, extended shelf life, and reduced production costs. This study developed combined curcumin controlled-release tablets (CCCTs) to increase the bioavailability of curcumin with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), chitosan, and sodium alginate. The hardness of the CCCTs was 5.63-1.98 kgf, friability was 0.00-1.22%, and disintegration time was 0.00-401.25 min. Differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a high compatibility between the excipients and curcumin. CCCTs with chitosan formed a gel structure, impeded disintegration, and reduced the release rate to 72.5% in simulated gastric fluid. In simulated intestinal fluid, CCCT with the HPMC-sodium alginate group formed a polyelectrolyte membrane hydrogel to prolong release from 6 to 12 h. This study developed various CCCT formulations that can be delivered through the gastric or intestinal tracts, using chitosan and HPMC-sodium alginate as excipients, respectively. CCCT can be used as a reference strategy for controlled-release curcumin delivery in the functional and healthcare supplement development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chan Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsien Li
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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2
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Silva PM, Neto MD, Cerqueira MA, Rodriguez I, Bourbon AI, Azevedo AG, Pastrana LM, Coimbra MA, Vicente AA, Gonçalves C. Resveratrol-loaded octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch emulsions and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) microparticles: Cytotoxicity and antioxidant bioactivity assessment after in vitro digestion. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129288. [PMID: 38211926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based microparticles and modified starch emulsions (OSA-MS) were loaded with resveratrol and characterized regarding their physicochemical and thermal properties. Both delivery systems were subject to an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion to assess the bioaccessibility of resveratrol. In addition, cell-based studies were conducted after in vitro digestion and cytotoxicity and oxidative stress were assessed. HPMC-based microparticles displayed higher average sizes (d) and lower polydispersity index (PDI) (d = 948 nm, PDI < 0.2) when compared to OSA-MS-based emulsions (d = 217 nm, PDI < 0.3). Both proved to protect resveratrol under digestive conditions, leading to an increase in bioaccessibility. Resveratrol-loaded HPMC-microparticles showed a higher bioaccessibility (56.7 %) than resveratrol-loaded emulsions (19.7 %). Digested samples were tested in differentiated co-cultures of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX, aiming at assessing cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, and a lack of cytotoxicity was observed for all samples. Results displayed an increasing antioxidant activity, with 1.6-fold and 1.4-fold increases over the antioxidant activity of free resveratrol, for HPMC-microparticles and OSA-MS nanoemulsions, respectively. Our results offer insight into physiological relevancy due to assessment post-digestion and highlight the protection that the use of micro-nano delivery systems can confer to resveratrol and their potential to be used as functional food ingredients capable of providing antioxidant benefits upon consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Mafalda D Neto
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Isabel Rodriguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Bourbon
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Gabriela Azevedo
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lorenzo M Pastrana
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Antonio A Vicente
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Gonçalves
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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3
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Nguyen TM, Chen HH, Chang YC, Ning TC, Chen KF. Remediation of groundwater contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) using a long-lasting persulfate/biochar barrier. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138954. [PMID: 37201606 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater contamination by chlorinated solvents causes potential threats to water resources and human health. Therefore, it is important to develop effective technologies to remediate contaminated groundwater. This study uses biodegradable hydrophilic polymers, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as binders to manufacture persulfate (PS) tablets for the sustained release of persulfate to treat trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater. The release time for different tablets decreases in the order: HPMC (8-15 days) > HEC (7-8 days) > PVP (2-5 days). The efficiency with which persulfate is released is: HPMC (73-79%) > HEC (60-72%) > PVP (12-31%). HPMC is the optimal binder for the manufacture of persulfate tablets and persulfate is released from a tablet of HPMC/PS ratio (wt/wt) of 4/3 for 15 days at a release rate of 1127 mg/day. HPMC/PS/biochar (BC) ratios (wt/wt/wt) between 1/1/0.02 and 1/1/0.0333 are suitable for PS/BC tablets. PS/BC tablets release persulfate for 9-11 days at release rates of 1243 to 1073 mg/day. The addition of too much biochar weakens the structure of the tablets, which results in a rapid release of persulfate. TCE is oxidized by a PS tablet with an efficiency of 85% and a PS/BC tablet eliminates more TCE, with a removal efficiency of 100%, due to oxidation and adsorption during the 15 days of reaction. Oxidation is the predominant mechanism for TCE elimination by a PS/BC tablet. The adsorption of TCE by BC fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the pseudo-first-order kinetics, which describes the removal of TCE by PS and PS/BC tablets. The results of this study show that a PS/BC tablet can be used in a permeable reactive barrier for long-term passive remediation of groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Manh Nguyen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou, 545301, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou, 545301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou, 545301, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Ning
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou, 545301, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Fan Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou, 545301, Taiwan.
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Development of Inhalable Spray Dried Nitrofurantoin Formulations for the Treatment of Emphysema. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010146. [PMID: 36678775 PMCID: PMC9867496 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A central characteristic of emphysematous progression is the continuous destruction of the lung extracellular matrix (ECM). Current treatments for emphysema have only addressed symptoms rather than preventing or reversing the loss of lung ECM. Nitrofurantoin (NF) is an antibiotic that has the potential to induce lung fibrosis as a side effect upon oral administration. Our study aims to repurpose NF as an inhalable therapeutic strategy to upregulate ECM expression, thereby reversing the disease progression within the emphysematous lung. Spray-dried (SD) formulations of NF were prepared in conjunction with a two-fluid nozzle (2FN) and three-fluid nozzle (3FN) using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and NF at 1:1 w/w. The formulations were characterized for their physicochemical properties (particle size, morphology, solid-state characteristics, aerodynamic behaviour, and dissolution properties) and characterized in vitro with efficacy studies on human lung fibroblasts. The 2FN formulation displayed a mass mean aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 1.8 ± 0.05 µm and fine particle fraction (FPF) of 87.4 ± 2.8% with significantly greater deposition predicted in the lower lung region compared to the 3FN formulation (MMAD: 4.4 ± 0.4 µm; FPF: 40 ± 5.8%). Furthermore, drug dissolution studies showed that NF released from the 2FN formulation after 3 h was significantly higher (55.7%) as compared to the 3FN formulation (42.4%). Importantly, efficacy studies in human lung fibroblasts showed that the 2FN formulation induced significantly enhanced ECM protein expression levels of periostin and Type IV Collagen (203.2% and 84.2% increase, respectively) compared to untreated cells, while 3FN formulations induced only a 172.5% increase in periostin and a 38.1% increase in type IV collagen. In conclusion, our study highlights the influence of nozzle choice in inhalable spray-dried formulations and supports the feasibility of using SD NF prepared using 2FN as a potential inhalable therapeutic agent to upregulate ECM protein production.
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Hassan F, Sher M, Hussain MA, Saadia M, Naeem-Ul-Hassan M, Rehman MFU, Haseeb MT, Bukhari SNA, Abbas A, Peng B, Kanwal F, Deng H. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Amoxicillin after Solubility Enhancement Using the Spray Drying Technique. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48506-48519. [PMID: 36591136 PMCID: PMC9798760 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The dose frequency of drugs belonging to class II is usually high and associated with harmful effects on the body. The study aimed to enhance the solubility of the poorly water-soluble drug amoxicillin (AM) by the solid dispersion (SD) technique. Six different SDs of AM, F1-F6, were prepared by the spray drying technique using two other carriers, HP-β-CD (F1-F3) and HPMC (F4-F6), in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 drug-to-polymer ratios. These SDs were analyzed to determine their practical yield, drug content, and aqueous solubility using analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction. The effect of polymer concentration on SDs was determined using aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo studies. The results showed no drug-polymer interactions in SDs. Solubility studies showed that SDs based on the drug-to-polymer ratio of 1:2 (F2 and F5) were highly soluble in water compared to those with ratios of 1:1 and 1:3. In vitro dissolution studies also showed that SDs with a ratio of 1:2 released the highest drug concentration from both polymeric systems. The SDs based on HPMC confirmed the more sustained release of the drug as compared to that of HP-β-CD. All the SDs were observed as stable and amorphous, with a smooth spherical surface. In vivo studies reveal the enhancement of pharmacokinetics parameters as compared to standard AM. Hence, it is confirmed that spray drying is an excellent technique to enhance the solubility of AM in an aqueous medium. This may contribute to the enhancement of the pharmacokinetic behaviors of SDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Hassan
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Mubshara Saadia
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan32200, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aliouf2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar Abbas
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
- Department
of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated
Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Government
Ambala Muslim Graduate College, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Kanwal
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Huibiao Deng
- Department
of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200127, China
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6
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Gohari G, Farhadi H, Panahirad S, Zareei E, Labib P, Jafari H, Mahdavinia G, Hassanpouraghdam MB, Ioannou A, Kulak M, Fotopoulos V. Mitigation of salinity impact in spearmint plants through the application of engineered chitosan-melatonin nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:893-907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Martins BV, Dias MF, Ribeiro RADO, Leite MLDAES, Hebling J, Costa CADS. Innovative strategy for in-office tooth bleaching using violet LED and biopolymers as H 2O 2 catalysts. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102886. [PMID: 35523400 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of coating the enamel with a nanofiber scaffold (NS) and a polymeric catalyst primer (PCP) on the esthetic efficacy, degradation kinetics of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and trans-amelodentinal cytotoxicity of bleaching gels subjected or not to violet-LED irradiation. METHODOLOGY The following groups were established (n=8): G1- No treatment (negative control); G2- NS+PCP; G3- LED; G4- NS+PCP+LED; G5- 35% H2O2 (positive control); G6- NS+PCP+35% H2O2+LED; G7- 20% H2O2; G8- NS+PCP+20% H2O2+LED; G9- 10% H2O2; G10- NS+PCP+10% H2O2+LED. For esthetic efficacy analysis, enamel/dentin discs were stained and exposed for 45 minutes to the bleaching protocols. To assess the cytotoxicity, the stained enamel/dentin discs were adapted to artificial pulp chambers, and the extracts (culture medium + components diffused through the discs) were collected and applied to MDPC-23 cells, which had their viability, oxidative stress, and morphology (SEM) evaluated. The amount of H2O2 diffused and hydroxyl radical (OH•) production were also determined (two-way ANOVA/Tukey/paired Student t-test; p<0.05). RESULTS G6 had the highest esthetic efficacy compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Besides the esthetic efficacy similar to conventional in-office bleaching (G5; p>0.05), G10 also showed the lowest toxic effect and oxidative stress to MDPC-23 cells compared to all bleached groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Coating the enamel with a nanofiber scaffold and a polymeric catalyst primer, followed by the application of 10%, 20%, or 35% H2O2 bleaching gels irradiated with a violet LED, stimulates H2O2 degradation, increasing esthetic efficacy and reducing the trans-amelodentinal toxicity of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Voss Martins
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marlon Ferreira Dias
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | | | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
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Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mihanfar A, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. Nanotechnology-based advances in the efficient delivery of melatonin. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:43. [PMID: 35093076 PMCID: PMC8800219 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
N-[2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl) ethyl] or simply melatonin is a biogenic amine produced by pineal gland and recently recognized various other organs. Because of a broad range of biological function melatonin is considered as a therapeutic agent with high efficacy in the treatment of multiple disorders, such as cancer, degenerative disorders and immune disease. However, since melatonin can affect receptors on the cellular membrane, in the nucleus and can act as an anti-oxidant molecule, some unwanted effects may be observed after administration. Therefore, the entrapment of melatonin in biocompatible, biodegradable and safe nano-delivery systems can prevent its degradation in circulation; decrease its toxicity with increased half-life, enhanced pharmacokinetic profile leading to improved patient compliance. Because of this, nanoparticles have been used to deliver melatonin in multiple studies, and the present article aims to cumulatively illustrate their findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Orjhans Street, Resalat Blvd, Urmia, Iran.
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Nardi-Ricart A, Nofrerias-Roig I, Suñé-Pou M, Pérez-Lozano P, Miñarro-Carmona M, García-Montoya E, Ticó-Grau JR, Insa Boronat R, Suñé-Negre JM. Formulation of Sustained Release Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets of Tolcapone with the Application of Sedem Diagram: Influence of Tolcapone's Particle Size on Sustained Release. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070674. [PMID: 32708961 PMCID: PMC7407504 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic matrix tablets are a type of sustained release dosage form characterized by distributing a drug in a matrix that is usually polymeric. Tolcapone is a drug that inhibits the enzyme catechol-O-methyl transferase. In recent years, it has been shown that tolcapone is a potent inhibitor of the amyloid aggregation process of the transthyretin protein, and acts by stabilizing the structure of the protein, reducing the progression of familial amyloid polyneuropathy. The main objective of this study was to obtain a sustained release tablet of tolcapone for oral administration with a preferred dosage regimen of 1 administration every 12 or 24 h and manufactured, preferably, by direct compression. The SeDeM Diagram method has been used for the formulation development of hydrophilic matrix tablets. Given the characteristics of tolcapone, the excipient selected for the formation of the polymeric matrix was a high viscosity hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Methocel® K100M CR). A decrease in the particle size of tolcapone resulted in a slower dissolution release of the formulation when the concentration of the polymer Methocel® K100M CR was below 29%. These surprising and novel results have given rise to patent number WO/2018/019997.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nardi-Ricart
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
| | - Isaac Nofrerias-Roig
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
| | - Marc Suñé-Pou
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
- IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Avinguda Granvia, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lozano
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
- IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Avinguda Granvia, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Montse Miñarro-Carmona
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
- IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Avinguda Granvia, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Encarna García-Montoya
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
- IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Avinguda Granvia, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Josep R. Ticó-Grau
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
- IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Avinguda Granvia, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Raul Insa Boronat
- SOM Biotech S.L, Barcelona Scientific Park, C/Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Josep M. Suñé-Negre
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Physico-Chemical Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-R.); (I.N.-R.); (M.S.-P.); (P.P.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (J.R.T.-G.); (J.M.S.-N.)
- IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Avinguda Granvia, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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10
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The influence of different mechanical stress on the release properties of HPMC matrix tablets in sucrose-NaCl media. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Chen L, Yang G, Chu X, Gao C, Wang Y, Gong W, Li Z, Yang Y, Yang M, Gao C. Polymer Distribution and Mechanism Conversion in Multiple Media of Phase-Separated Controlled-Release Film-Coating. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020080. [PMID: 30769846 PMCID: PMC6410001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase-separated films of water-insoluble ethyl cellulose (EC) and water-soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) can be utilized to tailor drug release from coated pellets. In the present study, the effects of HPC levels and the pH, type, ionic strength and osmolarity of the media on the release profiles of soluble metoprolol succinates from the EC/HPC-coated pellets were investigated, and the differences in drug-release kinetics in multiple media were further elucidated through the HPC leaching and swelling kinetics of the pellets, morphology (SEM) and water uptake of the free films and the interaction between the coating polymers and the media compositions. Interestingly, the drug release rate from the pellets in different media was not in agreement with the drug solubility which have a positive correlation with the drug dissolution rate based on Noyes–Whitney equation law. In particular, the drug release rate in acetate buffer at pH 4.5 was faster than that in other media despite the solubility of drug was relatively lower, regardless of the HPC levels. It may be attributed to the mutual effect between the EC and acetate buffer, which improved the permeability of the film. In contrast, the release of drug in HCl solution was dependent on the HPC levels. Increasing the levels of HPC increased the effects of hydrogen ions on the polymer of HPC, which resulted in a lower viscosity and strength of the gel, forming the larger size of pores in polymer films, thus increasing the drug diffused from the coating film. Further findings in phosphate buffer showed a reduction in the drug release compared to that in other media, which was only sensitive to the osmolarity rather than the HPC level and pH of the buffer. Additionally, a mathematical theory was used to better explain and understand the experimentally measured different drug release patterns. In summary, the study revealed that the effects of the media overcompensated that of the drug solubility to some extent for controlled-release of the coating polymers, and the drug release mechanism in multiple media depend on EC and HPC rather than on HPC alone, which may have a potential to facilitate the optimization of ideally film-coated formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Guobao Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Chu
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunhong Gao
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yuli Wang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Zhiping Li
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Meiyan Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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12
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HPMC-Eudragit-Based Gastro-retentive Hydrodynamically Balanced System—Suitable for Sparingly Soluble and Freely Soluble Drugs: an In Vitro Study. J Pharm Innov 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-018-9330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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13
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Ershadul Haque SK, Sheela A. Biocompatible interpolymer complex matrix tablets - an oral sustained release class-III antidiabetic drug. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/263/2/022030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Ghori MU, Grover LM, Asare-Addo K, Smith AM, Conway BR. Evaluating the swelling, erosion, and compaction properties of cellulose ethers. Pharm Dev Technol 2017; 23:183-197. [PMID: 28985687 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1389958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Swelling, erosion, deformation, and consolidation properties can affect the performance of cellulose ethers, the most commonly used matrix former in hydrophilic sustained tablet formulations. The present study was designed to comparatively evaluate the swelling, erosion, compression, compaction, and relaxation properties of the cellulose ethers in a comprehensive study using standardised conditions. The interrelationship between various compressional models and the inherent deformation and consolidation properties of the polymers on the derived swelling and erosion parameters are consolidated. The impact of swelling (Kw) on erosion rates (KE) and the inter-relationship between Heckel and Kawakita plasticity constants was also investigated. It is evident from the findings that the increases in both substitution and polymer chain length led to higher Kw, but a lower KE; this was also true for all particle size fractions regardless of polymer grade. Smaller particle size and high substitution levels tend to increase the relative density of the matrix but reduce porosity, yield pressure (Py), Kawakita plasticity parameter (b-1) and elastic relaxation. Both KW versus KE (R2 = 0.949-0.980) and Py versus. b-1 correlations (R2 = 0.820-0.934) were reasonably linear with regards to increasing hydroxypropyl substitution and molecular size. Hence, it can be concluded that the combined knowledge of swelling and erosion kinetics in tandem with the in- and out-of-die compression findings can be used to select a specific polymer grade and further to develop and optimize formulations for oral controlled drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad U Ghori
- a Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences , University of Huddersfield , Queensgate , Huddersfield , UK
| | - Liam M Grover
- b School of Chemical Engineering , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , UK
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- a Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences , University of Huddersfield , Queensgate , Huddersfield , UK
| | - Alan M Smith
- a Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences , University of Huddersfield , Queensgate , Huddersfield , UK
| | - Barbara R Conway
- a Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences , University of Huddersfield , Queensgate , Huddersfield , UK
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15
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Shojaee S, Nokhodchi A, Maniruzzaman M. Evaluation of the drug solubility and rush ageing on drug release performance of various model drugs from the modified release polyethylene oxide matrix tablets. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2017; 7:111-124. [PMID: 27873080 PMCID: PMC5222914 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophilic matrix systems are currently some of the most widely used drug delivery systems for controlled-release oral dosage forms. Amongst a variety of polymers, polyethylene oxide (PEO) is considered an important material used in pharmaceutical formulations. As PEO is sensitive to thermal oxidation, it is susceptible to free radical oxidative attack. The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of PEO based formulations containing different model drugs with different water solubility, namely propranolol HCl, theophylline and zonisamide. Both polyox matrices 750 and 303 grade were used as model carriers for the manufacture of tablets stored at 40 °C. The results of the present study suggest that the drug release from the matrix was affected by the length of storage conditions, solubility of drugs and the molecular weight of the polymers. Generally, increased drug release rates were prevalent in soluble drug formulations (propranolol) when stored at the elevated temperature (40 °C). In contrast, it was not observed with semi soluble (theophylline) and poorly soluble (zonisamide) drugs especially when formulated with PEO 303 polymer. This indicates that the main parameters controlling the drug release from fresh polyox matrices are the solubility of the drug in the dissolution medium and the molecular weight of the polymer. DSC traces indicated that that there was a big difference in the enthalpy and melting points of fresh and aged PEO samples containing propranolol, whereas the melting point of the aged polyox samples containing theophylline and zonisamide was unaffected. ᅟ ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Shojaee
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, ME4 4TB, UK.,Hamadan University of Medical Science, Daneshgah-e-Bu Ali Sina, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Department of Pharmacy/Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK. .,Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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16
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Vlachou M, Papamichael M, Siamidi A, Fragouli I, Afroudakis PA, Kompogennitaki R, Dotsikas Y. Comparative In Vitro Controlled Release Studies on the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin from Cyclodextrins-Containing Matrices and Cyclodextrin: Melatonin Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081641. [PMID: 28788064 PMCID: PMC5578031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of hydrophilic matrix tablets was prepared and tested with respect to their ability to release the hormone melatonin in a controlled manner, in order to alleviate sleep onset and sleep maintenance dysfunctions. Besides the active ingredient, the tablets were comprised of combinations of the following: HPMC K 15M, low viscosity sodium alginate, microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 102), magnesium stearate, and the cyclodextrins, α-CD, β-CD, γ-CD, HP-β-CD, sulfated β-CD, HP-α-CD and HP-γ-CD, and MLT (guest):CD (host) complexes of the above cyclodextrins, in 1:1 ratio. The controlled release studies were conducted in two aqueous dissolution media at pH 1.2 and 7.4. The stoichiometry of the formed complexes was examined by applying the continuous variation method (Job plot), while the stability constants were calculated by monitoring the spectrophotometric properties of free and CD-encapsulated melatonin (UV-Vis). Host-guest interactions were studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The dissolution data suggest that melatonin is released faster from the MLT:CD complexes than from the rest matrix systems. This enhancement in the dissolution rate and the % release of melatonin from the complexes is due to the increased solubility of the MLT:CD complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Vlachou
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Marianna Papamichael
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Angeliki Siamidi
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Irene Fragouli
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Pandelis A Afroudakis
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Rodanthi Kompogennitaki
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Yannis Dotsikas
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
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17
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Dual release and molecular mechanism of bilayered aceclofenac tablet using polymer mixture. Int J Pharm 2016; 515:233-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Influence of ionic strength and HPMC viscosity grade on drug release and swelling behavior of HPMC matrix tablets. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Ford JL. Design and Evaluation of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Matrix Tablets for Oral Controlled Release: A Historical Perspective. HYDROPHILIC MATRIX TABLETS FOR ORAL CONTROLLED RELEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1519-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Abd-Elbary A, Tadros MI, Alaa-Eldin AA. Sucrose stearate-enriched lipid matrix tablets of etodolac: modulation of drug release, diffusional modeling and structure elucidation studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:656-68. [PMID: 23572253 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-9951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Etodolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug having an elimination half-life of 7 h; oral doses are given every 6-8 h. The aim of current work was the development of controlled-release etodolac lipid matrix tablets. The variables influencing design of these tablets (L1-L28) by the hot fusion method were investigated including; (1) lipid type (stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, Imwitor® 900K, Precirol® ATO 5 and Compritol® ATO 888), (2) drug/lipid ratio (1:0.25 and 1:0.50, respectively), (3) filler type (lactose, Avicel® PH101 and their physical mixtures; 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2, respectively), (4) surfactant's HLB (5 and 11), and (5) drug/surfactant ratio (20:1 and 10:1, respectively). Statistical analysis and kinetic modeling of drug release data were evaluated. The inner matrix of the tablet was visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An inverse correlation was observed between the drug/lipid ratio and the drug release rate. Precirol®- and Compritol®-containing formulae showed more retarded drug release rates. Lactose/Avicel® physical mixture (1:1) was considered as a filler of choice where it minimized the burst effect observed with Avicel®-free formulae. The higher surfactant's HLB, the higher drug release rate. The similarity factor (f(2)) between the drug release profiles revealed similarity within the investigated drug/surfactant ratios. Sucrose stearate D1805®-based matrix (L21) succeeded in delivering more than 90% of etodolac over 12 h, following anomalous (non-Fickian) controlled-release kinetics. SEM micrographs confirmed pore formation, within the latter matrix, upon contact with dissolution medium.
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21
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Jivani RR, Patel CN, Jivani NP. Statistical Design of Experiments on Fabrication of Bilayer Tablet of Narrow Absorption Window Drug: Development and In vitro characterisation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:302-11. [PMID: 23626385 PMCID: PMC3630725 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.107049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study involves the fabrication of oral bioadhesive bilayer matrices of narrow absorption window drug baclofen and the optimisation of their in vitro drug release and characterisation. Statistical design of experiments, a computer-aided optimisation technique, was used to identify critical factors, their interactions and ideal process conditions that accomplish the targeted response(s). A central composite design was employed to systematically optimise the drug delivery containing a polymer, filler and compression force. The values of ratio of different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and compression force were varied to be fitted in design. Drug release at 1 h (Q1), 4 h (Q4), 8 h (Q8), 12 h (Q12), and hardness were taken as responses. Tablets were prepared by direct compression methods. The compressed tablets were evaluated for their hardness, weight variation, friability, content uniformity and diameter. Counter plots were drawn and optimum formulation was selected by desirability function. The formulations were checked for their ex vivo mucoadhesion. The experimental value of Q1, Q4, Q8, Q12 and hardness for check-point batch was found to be 31.64, 45.82, 73.27, 98.95% and 4.4 kg/cm2, respectively. The release profile indicates Highuchi kinetics (Fickian transport) mechanism. The results of the statistical analysis of the data demonstrated significant interactions amongst the formulation variables, and the desirability function was demonstrated to be a powerful tool to predict the optimal formulation for the bilayer tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Jivani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Wadhwan-363 030, India
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22
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Mamani PL, Ruiz-Caro R, Veiga MD. Matrix tablets: the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate ratio on the release rate of a water-soluble drug through the gastrointestinal tract I. In vitro tests. AAPS PharmSciTech 2012; 13:1073-83. [PMID: 22907778 PMCID: PMC3513448 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-012-9829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Different hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)/anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate (ADCP) matrix tablets have been developed aiming to evaluate the influence of both components ratio in the control release of a water-soluble drug (theophylline). In order to characterise the matrix tablets, swelling, buoyancy and dissolution studies have been carried out in different aqueous media (demineralised water, progressive pH medium, simulated gastric fluid, simulated intestinal fluid and simulated colonic fluid). The HPMC/ADCP ratio has turned out to be the determinant in the matrix behaviour: the HPMC characteristic swelling behaviour was modulated, in some cases, by the ADCP characteristic acidic dissolution. When the HPMC/ADCP ratio was ≥0.69, buoyancy, continuous swelling and low theophylline dissolution rate from the matrices (H1, H2 and H3) were observed in all dissolution media. Consequently, these formulations could be adequate as gastro-retentive drug delivery systems. Additionally, HPMC/ADCP ratio ≤0.11 (H5 and H6) induces a pH-dependent drug release which could be applied to design control drug release enteric formulations (with a suitable enteric coating). Finally, a HPMC/ADCP ratio between 0.11 and 0.69 (H4) yield a gastrointestinal controlled drug release, due to its time-dependent buoyancy (7 h) and a total drug delivery in 17 h in simulated colonic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pseidy L. Mamani
- />Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Ruiz-Caro
- />Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María D. Veiga
- />Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- />Unidad de Biotransformaciones Industriales, Parque Científico de Madrid PTM, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid Spain
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23
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Cao QR, Choi JS, Liu Y, Xu WJ, Yang M, Lee BJ, Cui JH. A formulation approach for development of HPMC-based sustained release tablets for tolterodine tartrate with a low release variation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:1720-30. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.730528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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24
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Savaşer A, Taş Ç, Bayrak Z, Özkan CK, Özkan Y. Effect of different polymers and their combinations on the release of metoclopramide HCl from sustained-release hydrophilic matrix tablets. Pharm Dev Technol 2012; 18:1122-30. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2012.710240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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25
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Hoffmeister CRD, Durli TL, Schaffazick SR, Raffin RP, Bender EA, Beck RCR, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS. Hydrogels containing redispersible spray-dried melatonin-loaded nanocapsules: a formulation for transdermal-controlled delivery. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2012; 7:251. [PMID: 22587614 PMCID: PMC3463463 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a transdermal system for controlled delivery of melatonin combining three strategies: nanoencapsulation of melatonin, drying of melatonin-loaded nanocapsules, and incorporation of nanocapsules in a hydrophilic gel. Nanocapsules were prepared by interfacial deposition of the polymer and were spray-dried using water-soluble excipients. In vitro drug release profiles were evaluated by the dialysis bag method, and skin permeation studies were carried out using Franz cells with porcine skin as the membrane. The use of 10% (w/v) water-soluble excipients (lactose or maltodextrin) as spray-drying adjuvants furnished redispersible powders (redispersibility index approximately 1.0) suitable for incorporation into hydrogels. All formulations showed a better controlled in vitro release of melatonin compared with the melatonin solution. The best controlled release results were achieved with hydrogels prepared with dried nanocapsules (hydrogels > redispersed dried nanocapsules > nanocapsule suspension > melatonin solution). The skin permeation studies demonstrated a significant modulation of the transdermal melatonin permeation for hydrogels prepared with redispersible nanocapsules. In this way, the additive effect of the different approaches used in this study (nanoencapsulation, spray-drying, and preparation of semisolid dosage forms) allows not only the control of melatonin release, but also transdermal permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane RD Hoffmeister
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Taís L Durli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Scheila R Schaffazick
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Prédio 26 - Campus UFSM, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renata P Raffin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociência, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas, 1614, Santa Maria, 97010-032, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Bender
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Ruy CR Beck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15003, Porto Alegre, CEP 91510-970, Brazil
| | - Sílvia S Guterres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 2752, Porto Alegre, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
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26
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Gooneratne NS, Edwards AYZ, Zhou C, Cuellar N, Grandner MA, Barrett JS. Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. J Pineal Res 2012; 52:437-45. [PMID: 22348451 PMCID: PMC3682489 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2011.00958.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is increasingly used for the treatment of sleep disorders. Surge-sustained formulations consisting of combined immediate release and controlled release dosing may mimic the endogenous melatonin physiologic profile. However, relatively little is known about the pharmacokinetic properties of low-dose (<0.5mg) and high-dose (>2mg) melatonin in a combined immediate release/controlled release dose, especially in older adults who may also exhibit altered melatonin disposition. To assess this, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of low-dose (0.4mg) and high-dose (4.0mg) melatonin (25% immediate release+75% controlled release) in 27 older adults with insomnia complaints and low endogenous melatonin levels to determine whether melatonin pharmacokinetic properties differ between these two doses. The time to maximum level (1.3hrs versus 1.5hrs), elimination half-life (1.8hrs versus 2.1hrs), and apparent total clearance (379L/hr versus 478L/hr) did not differ significantly between the low- and high-dose arms, respectively. The maximum concentration was 405 ±93pg/mL for the low-dose arm and 3999±700pg/mL for the high-dose arm, both of which are substantially higher than physiologic melatonin levels for this age group. In addition, subjects in the high-dose arm maintained melatonin levels >50pg/mL for an average of 10hrs, which could result in elevated melatonin levels beyond the typical sleep period. Renal and liver function parameters remained stable after 6wks of treatment. The linear pharmacokinetic behavior of melatonin observed in the elderly can form the basis for future studies exploring a wider range of dosing scenarios to establish exposure-response relationships for melatonin-mediated sleep outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalaka S Gooneratne
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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27
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Lamoudi L, Chaumeil JC, Daoud K. Development of gastro intestinal sustained release tablet formulation containing acryl-EZE and pH-dependent swelling HPMC K 15 M. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 38:515-20. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.620966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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28
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Kim KS, Park SJ. Influence of glyceryl palmitostearate on release behaviors of hydroxypropyl cellulose microcapsules containing indomethacin by W/O emulsion. Macromol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-011-1105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Maderuelo C, Zarzuelo A, Lanao JM. Critical factors in the release of drugs from sustained release hydrophilic matrices. J Control Release 2011; 154:2-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Tran PHL, Choe JS, Tran TTD, Park YM, Lee BJ. Design and mechanism of on-off pulsed drug release using nonenteric polymeric systems via pH modulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2011; 12:46-55. [PMID: 21161457 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to design a pH-sensitive pulsatile drug delivery system that allows for an on-off pulsed release of a drug using polyacrylic acid (PAA) blended with ethyl cellulose (EC) in different ratios. PAA, a polyelectrolyte polymer, exhibits a highly coiled conformation at low pH but a highly extended structure at high pH. Fumaric acid, which is an internal acidifying agent, was incorporated into the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based core tablets to create an acidic microenvironmental pH (pH(M)). The concentration of fumaric acid inside the core tablet and the ratio of PAA/EC in the coating layer were very crucial in modulating drug release behaviors. When the fumaric acid was retained in the core tablet, it gave a more acidic pH(M), so that the PAA was kept in a highly coiled state in the coated film, which hindered drug release ("off" release pattern). Interestingly, the release profiles of the drug and fumaric acid from coated tablets showed the on-off pulsed pattern upon dissolution. Imaging analyses using scanning electron microscopy, near-infrared imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed this on-off release behavior of the drug and fumaric acid from coated tablets.
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Mixing order of glidant and lubricant--influence on powder and tablet properties. Int J Pharm 2011; 409:269-77. [PMID: 21356286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present work was to study the effect of mixing order of Cab-O-Sil (CS) and magnesium stearate (MgSt) and microlayers during mixing on blend and tablet properties. A first set of pharmaceutical blend containing Avicel PH200, Pharmatose and micronized acetaminophen was prepared with three mixing orders (mixing order-1: CS added first; mixing order-2: MgSt added first; mixing order-3: CS and MgSt added together). All the blends were subjected to a shear rate of 80 rpm and strain of 40, 160 and 640 revolutions in a controlled shear environment resulting in nine different blends. A second set of nine blends was prepared by replacing Avicel PH200 with Avicel PH102. A total of eighteen blends thus prepared were tested for powder hydrophobicity, powder flow, tablet weight, tablet hardness and tablet dissolution. Results indicated that powder hydrophobicity increased significantly for mixing order-1. Intermediate hydrophobic behavior was found for mixing order-3. Additionally, mixing order 1 resulted in improved powder flow properties, low weight variability, higher average tablet weight and slow drug release rates. Dissolution profiles obtained were found to be strongly dependent not only on the mixing order of flowing agents, but also on the strain and the resulting hydrophobicity.
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Nokhodchi A, Hentzschel CM, Leopold CS. Drug release from liquisolid systems: speed it up, slow it down. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:191-205. [PMID: 21222556 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.548801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Today, the properties of many new chemical entities have shifted towards higher molecular weights and this in turn increases the lipophilicity hence decreasing aqueous solubility. The low solubility of drugs usually has in vivo consequences such as low bioavailability, increased chance of food effect and incomplete release from the dosage form. AREAS COVERED The present review discusses the advantages of the liquisolid technology in formulation design of poorly water soluble drugs for dissolution enhancement and highly water soluble drugs for slow release pattern. EXPERT OPINION With the advent of high throughput screening and combinatorial chemistry, it has been shown that most of the new chemical entities have a high lipophilicity and poor aqueous solubility, hence poor bioavailability. In order to improve the bioavailability, the release rate of these drugs should be enhanced. Although there are multiple technologies to tackle this issue, they are not cost effective due to the involvement of sophisticated machinery, advanced preparation techniques and complicated technology. As the liquisolid technology uses a similar production process as the conventional tablets, this technology to improve the release rate of poorly water soluble drugs will be cost effective. This technology also has the capability to slow down drug release and allows preparing sustained release tablets with zero order drug release pattern. The excipients required for this technology are conventional and commonly available in the market. The technology is in the early stages of its development with extensive research currently focused on. It is envisaged that the liquisolid compacts could play a major role in the next generation of tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nokhodchi
- Universities of Kent and Greenwich, Medway School of Pharmacy, Chemistry and Drug Delivery Group, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK.
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Vaghani SS, Patel SG, Jivani RR, Jivani NP, Patel MM, Borda R. Design and optimization of a stomach-specific drug delivery system of repaglinide: Application of simplex lattice design. Pharm Dev Technol 2010; 17:55-65. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2010.513988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chaibva FA, Khamanga SMM, Walker RB. Swelling, erosion and drug release characteristics of salbutamol sulfate from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based matrix tablets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:1497-510. [PMID: 20528615 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2010.488648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrophilic matrix formulations are important and simple technologies that are used to manufacture sustained release dosage forms. METHOD Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based matrix tablets, with and without additives, were manufactured to investigate the rate of hydration, rate of erosion, and rate and mechanism of drug release. Scanning electron microscopy was used to assess changes in the microstructure of the tablets during drug release testing and whether these changes could be related to the rate of drug release from the formulations. RESULTS The results revealed that the rate of hydration and erosion was dependent on the polymer combination(s) used, which in turn affected the rate and mechanism of drug release from these formulations. It was also apparent that changes in the microstructure of matrix tablets could be related to the different rates of drug release that were observed from the test formulations. CONCLUSION The use of scanning electron microscopy provides useful information to further understand drug release mechanisms from matrix tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith A Chaibva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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Abstract
Abstract
Hypromellose, formerly known as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), is by far the most commonly employed cellulose ether used in the fabrication of hydrophilic matrices. Hypromellose provides the release of a drug in a controlled manner, effectively increasing the duration of release of a drug to prolong its therapeutic effect. This review provides a current insight into hypromellose and its applicability to hydrophilic matrices in order to highlight the basic parameters that affect its performance. Topics covered include the chemical, thermal and mechanical properties of hypromellose, hydration of the polymer matrices, the mechanism of drug release and the influence of tablet geometry on drug-release rate. The inclusion of drug-release modifiers within hypromellose matrices, the effects of dissolution media and the influence of both the external environment and microenvironment pH within the gel matrix on the properties of the polymer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi L Li
- GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical Development, New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, UK
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Ochoa L, Igartua M, Hernández RM, Solinís MA, Gascón AR, Pedraz JL. In vivo evaluation of two new sustained release formulations elaborated by one-step melt granulation: level A in vitro-in vivo correlation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 75:232-7. [PMID: 20159037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo two sustained release formulations elaborated by a one-step melt granulation method using theophylline as model drug. Both formulations presented differences in the in vitro release profile due to the hydrophilic or lipophilic nature of the binder employed (PEG 6000 or glycerol monostearate). The formulations were administered to Beagle dogs, and plasma levels were compared. Both formulations provided a sustained plasma concentration profile after oral administration to dogs. Significant differences (p<0.05) in the plasma concentration-time curves between the two formulations were found, with higher C(max) (6.05+/-2.00 vs. 2.55+/-0.82 microg/mL), higher AUC(0-infinity) (70.24+/-16.10 vs. 33.00+/-8.96 h microg/mL) and delayed T(max) (6.00+/-2.12 vs. 3.17+/-0.98 h) for the formulation containing PEG 6000. Absolute bioavailability of theophylline was 96% and 46% for the formulations containing PEG 6000 and glycerol monostearate, respectively. These results are consistent with those obtained in vitro, with slower release rate of theophylline from tablets elaborated with glycerol monostearate than that obtained with tablets elaborated with PEG 6000. Moreover, the formulation containing PEG 6000 provided a plasma concentration-time profile similar to that obtained with the marketed formulation Theo-Dur. A very good Level A IVIVC was observed between dissolution and absorption profiles of the drug from both test formulations. Our results showed that one-step melt granulation in a high shear mixer allows for an easy modulation of the release profile and, consequently, of the plasma level profile of the drug by selecting the type of binder used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Ochoa
- Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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37
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Gohel M, Bariya SH. Advanced formulation design of venlafaxine hydrochloride coated and triple-layer tablets containing hypromellose. Pharm Dev Technol 2009; 14:650-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450902911911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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38
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New findings on melatonin absorption and alterations by pharmaceutical excipients using the Ussing chamber technique with mounted rat gastrointestinal segments. Int J Pharm 2009; 378:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Oral controlled release formulations of rifampicin have been developed by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose polymer at different ratios. From in vitro release data, we found that the release was extended with an increase of polymer proportion from 20% to 40%. However, increase in polymer beyond 40% resulted in no significant change in the release rate. There was a distinct difference in the release rate and release character due to variation in the compression force. The release kinetics were analyzed using Ritger and Peppas exponential equation. Stability studies at ambient storage conditions for 1 year showed that formulations were stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Hiremath
- Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India
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Hiremath PS, Saha RN. Oral Controlled Release Formulations of Rifampicin. Part II: Effect of Formulation Variables and Process Parameters on In Vitro Release. Drug Deliv 2008; 15:159-68. [DOI: 10.1080/10717540801952498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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41
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Nair A, Gupta R, Vasanti S. In Vitro Controlled Release of Alfuzosin Hydrochloride Using HPMC-Based Matrix Tablets and Its Comparison with Marketed Product. Pharm Dev Technol 2008; 12:621-5. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450701563277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Oral matrix tablet formulations for concomitant controlled release of anti-tubercular drugs: Design and in vitro evaluations. Int J Pharm 2008; 362:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Revised: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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Huang YT, Tsai TR, Cheng CJ, Cham TM, Lai TF, Chuo WH. Formulation design of an HPMC-based sustained release tablet for pyridostigmine bromide as a highly hygroscopic model drug and its in vivo/in vitro dissolution properties. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 33:1183-91. [PMID: 18058314 DOI: 10.1080/03639040701377334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pyridostigmine bromide (PB), a highly hygroscopic drug was selected as the model drug. A sustained-release (SR) tablet prepared by direct compression of wet-extruded and spheronized core pellets with HPMC excipients and exhibited a zero-order sustained release (SR) profile. The 2(3) full factorial design was utilized to search an optimal SR tablet formulation. This optimal formulation was followed zero-order mechanism and had specific release rate at different time intervals (released % of 1, 6, and 12 hr were 15.84, 58.56, and 93.10%). The results of moisture absorption by Karl Fischer meter showed the optimum SR tablet could improve the hygroscopic defect of the pure drug (PB). In the in vivo study, the results of the bioavailability data showed the T(max) was prolonged (from 0.65 +/- 0.082 hr to 4.83 +/- 1.60 hr) and AUC(0-t) (from 734.88 +/- 230.68 ng/ml.hr to 1153.34 +/- 488.08 ng/ml.hr) and was increased respectively for optimum PB-SR tablets when compared with commercial immediate release (IR) tablets. Furthermore, the percentages of in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption in the rabbits have good correlation. We believe that PB-SR tablets designed in our study would improve defects of PB, decrease the frequency of administration and enhance the retention period of drug efficacy in vivo for personnel exposed to contamination situations in war or terrorist attacks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Tyng Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
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44
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Ravi PR, Kotreka UK, Saha RN. Controlled release matrix tablets of zidovudine: effect of formulation variables on the in vitro drug release kinetics. AAPS PharmSciTech 2008; 9:302-13. [PMID: 18446496 PMCID: PMC2976876 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-007-9030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to design oral controlled release (CR) matrix tablets of zidovudine (AZT) using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), ethyl cellulose (EC) and carbopol-971P (CP) and to study the effect of various formulation factors on in vitro drug release. Release studies were carried out using USP type 1 apparatus in 900 ml of dissolution media. Release kinetics were analyzed using zero-order, Higuchi's square root and Ritger-Peppas' empirical equations. Release rate decreased with increase in polymer proportion and compression force. The release rate was lesser in formulations prepared using CP (20%) as compared to HPMC (20%) as compared to EC (20%). No significant difference was observed in the effect of pH of dissolution media on drug release from formulations prepared using HPMC or EC, but significant difference was observed in CP based formulations. Decrease in agitation speed from 100 to 50 rpm decreased release rate from HPMC and CP formulations but no significant difference was observed in EC formulations. Mechanism of release was found to be dependent predominantly on diffusion of drug through the matrix than polymer relaxation incase of HPMC and EC formulations, while polymer relaxation had a dominating influence on drug release than diffusion incase of CP formulations. Designed CR tablets with pH independent drug release characteristics and an initial release of 17-25% in first hour and extending the release up to 16-20 h, can overcome the disadvantages associated with conventional tablets of AZT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punna Rao Ravi
- Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan India
| | - Udaya Kanth Kotreka
- Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan India
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Nirmal J, Saisivam S, Peddanna C, Muralidharan S, Godwinkumar S, Nagarajan M. Bilayer Tablets of Atorvastatin Calcium and Nicotinic Acid: Formulation and Evaluation. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:1455-8. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Ravi PR, Ganga S, Saha RN. Design and in Vitro Evaluation of Zidovudine Oral Controlled Release Tablets Prepared Using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:518-24. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Punna Rao Ravi
- Pharmacy Group, Faculty Division III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science
| | - Sindhura Ganga
- Pharmacy Group, Faculty Division III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science
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Tiwari SB, Rajabi-Siahboomi AR. Extended-release oral drug delivery technologies: monolithic matrix systems. Methods Mol Biol 2008; 437:217-243. [PMID: 18369971 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-210-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery is the largest and the oldest segment of the total drug delivery market. It is the fastest growing and most preferred route for drug administration. Use of hydrophilic matrices for oral extended release of drugs is a common practice in the pharmaceutical industry. This chapter presents different polymer choices for fabrication of monolithic hydrophilic matrices and discusses formulation and manufacturing variables affecting the design and performance of the extended-release product by using selected practical examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip B Tiwari
- Modified Release Technologies, Colorcon, West Point, PA, USA
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Ravi PR, Ganga S, Saha RN. Design and study of lamivudine oral controlled release tablets. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8:E101. [PMID: 18181522 PMCID: PMC2750687 DOI: 10.1208/pt0804101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design oral controlled release matrix tablets of lamivudine using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the retardant polymer and to study the effect of various formulation factors such as polymer proportion, polymer viscosity, and compression force on the in vitro release of drug. In vitro release studies were performed using US Pharmacopeia type 1 apparatus (basket method) in 900 mL of pH 6.8 phosphate buffer at 100 rpm. The release kinetics were analyzed using the zero-order model equation, Higuchi's square-root equation, and the Ritger-Peppas empirical equation. Compatibility of the drug with various excipients was studied. In vitro release studies revealed that the release rate decreased with increase in polymer proportion and viscosity grade. Increase in compression force was found to decrease the rate of drug release. Matrix tablets containing 60% HPMC 4000 cps were found to show good initial release (26% in first hour) and extended the release up to 16 hours. Matrix tablets containing 80% HPMC 4000 cps and 60% HPMC 15,000 cps showed a first-hour release of 22% but extended the release up to 20 hours. Mathematical analysis of the release kinetics indicated that the nature of drug release from the matrix tablets was dependent on drug diffusion and polymer relaxation and therefore followed non-Fickian or anomalous release. No incompatibility was observed between the drug and excipients used in the formulation of matrix tablets. The developed controlled release matrix tablets of lamivudine, with good initial release (20%-25% in first hour) and extension of release up to 16 to 20 hours, can overcome the disadvantages of conventional tablets of lamivudine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punna Rao Ravi
- Pharmacy Group, Faculty Division III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, 333 031 Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sindhura Ganga
- Pharmacy Group, Faculty Division III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, 333 031 Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ranendra Narayan Saha
- Pharmacy Group, Faculty Division III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, 333 031 Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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Mercier GT, Nehete PN, Passeri MF, Nehete BN, Weaver EA, Templeton NS, Schluns K, Buchl SS, Sastry KJ, Barry MA. Oral immunization of rhesus macaques with adenoviral HIV vaccines using enteric-coated capsules. Vaccine 2007; 25:8687-701. [PMID: 18063450 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of vaccine candidates to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract holds potential for mucosal immunization, particularly against mucosal pathogens like the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among the different strategies for achieving targeted release in the GI tract, namely the small intestine, pH sensitive enteric coating polymers have been shown to protect solid oral dosage forms from the harsh digestive environment of the stomach and dissolve relatively rapidly in the small intestine by taking advantage of the luminal pH gradient. We developed an enteric polymethacrylate formulation for coating hydroxy-propyl-methyl-cellulose (HPMC) capsules containing lyophilized Adenoviral type 5 (Ad5) vectors expressing HIV-1 gag and a string of six highly-conserved HIV-1 envelope peptides representing broadly cross-reactive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell epitopes. Oral immunization of rhesus macaques with these capsules primed antigen-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses and subsequent intranasal delivery of the envelope peptide cocktail using a mutant cholera toxin adjuvant boosted cellular immune responses including, antigen-specific intracellular IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) effector memory T cells in the intestine. These results suggest that the combination of oral adenoviral vector priming followed by intranasal protein/peptide boosting may be an effective mucosal HIV vaccination strategy for targeting viral antigens to the GI tract and priming systemic and mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- George T Mercier
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Mandal U, Gowda V, Ghosh A, Selvan S, Solomon S, Pal TK. Formulation and Optimization of Sustained Release Matrix Tablet of Metformin HCl 500 mg Using Response Surface Methodology. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2007; 127:1281-90. [PMID: 17666882 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.127.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to design an oral sustained release matrix tablet of metformin HCl and to optimize the drug release profile using response surface methodology. Tablets were prepared by non-aqueous wet granulation method using HPMC K 15M as matrix forming polymer. A central composite design for 2 factors at 3 levels each was employed to systematically optimize drug release profile. HPMC K 15M (X(1)) and PVP K 30 (X(2)) were taken as the independent variables. The dependent variables selected were % of drug released in 1 hr (rel(1 hr)), % of drug released in 8 hrs (rel(8 hrs)) and time to 50% drug release (t(50%)). Contour plots were drawn, and optimum formulations were selected by feasibility and grid searches. The formulated tablets followed Higuchi drug release kinetics and diffusion was the dominant mechanism of drug release, resulting in regulated and complete release within 8 hrs. The polymer (HPMC K 15M) and binder (PVP K 30) had significant effect on the drug release from the tablets (p<0.05). Polynomial mathematical models, generated for various response variables using multiple linear regression analysis, were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Validation of optimization study, performed using 8 confirmatory runs, indicated very high degree of prognostic ability of response surface methodology, with mean percentage error (+/-S.D.) 0.0437+/-0.3285. Besides unraveling the effect of the 2 factors on the in vitro drug release, the study helped in finding the optimum formulation with sustained drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Mandal
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kaolkata, India
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