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Almeida H, Teixeira N, Sarmento B, Vasconcelos T. Freeze-drying cycle optimization of an amorphous solid dispersion of resveratrol. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 200:106855. [PMID: 39029716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) has demonstrated advantages as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, blood sugar-lowering agent and as cardioprotective agent, among others. Despite RES therapeutic advantages its use in pharmaceutical applications is limited by its low oral bioavailability, mainly due to its poor water solubility. Formulation of poorly water-soluble compound as solid dispersion (SD) converts a crystalline into a more soluble in water amorphous drug. Lyophilization or freeze-drying is a process in which water, an organic solvent, or a co-solvent system is frozen, followed by its removal from the sample, initially by sublimation (primary drying) and then by desorption (secondary drying). This study aimed the development and optimization of a bulk freeze-drying cycle by critical process parameters assessment in each phase to prepare a RES third-generation SD, containing Eudragit E PO as hydrophilic polymer at 1:2 ratio, and Gelucire 44/14 as surfactant at 16 % (w/w) to RES, using a tert-butanol (TBA)/Acetate buffer pH 4.5 (75:25) co-solvent system. A RES third-generation SD with good appearance, not cracked, collapsed, or melted was prepared by an optimized and robust bulk lyophilization process. A physicochemical characterization confirmed the conversion of RES to the amorphous state in the SD and formulation stability after 1 month at 40 °C/75 % RH. Increased solubility and higher dissolution rate compared with pure RES were also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Almeida
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; BIAL - Portela & Cª, S.A., Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, 4745-457 Trofa, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Natália Teixeira
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; CESPU- IUCS, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
| | - Teófilo Vasconcelos
- BIAL - Portela & Cª, S.A., Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, 4745-457 Trofa, Portugal
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Arshad I, Kanwal A, Zafar I, Unar A, Mouada H, Razia IT, Arif S, Ahsan M, Kamal MA, Rashid S, Khan KA, Sharma R. Multifunctional role of nanoparticles for the diagnosis and therapeutics of cardiovascular diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117795. [PMID: 38043894 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains responsible for morbidity and mortality worldwide; their effective diagnostic or treatment methods are of great interest to researchers. The use of NPs and nanocarriers in cardiology has drawn much interest. The present comprehensive review provides deep insights into the use of current and innovative approaches in CVD diagnostics to offer practical ways to utilize nanotechnological interventions and the critical elements in the CVD diagnosis, associated risk factors, and management strategies of patients with chronic CVDs. We proposed a decision tree-based solution by discussing the emerging applications of NPs for the higher number of rules to increase efficiency in treating CVDs. This review-based study explores the screening methods, tests, and toxicity to provide a unique way of creating a multi-parametric feature that includes cutting-edge techniques for identifying cardiovascular problems and their treatments. We discussed the benefits and drawbacks of various NPs in the context of cost, space, time and complexity that have been previously suggested in the literature for the diagnosis of CVDs risk factors. Also, we highlighted the advances in using NPs for targeted and improved drug delivery and discussed the evolution toward the nano-cardiovascular potential for medical science. Finally, we also examined the mixed-based diagnostic approaches crucial for treating cardiovascular disorders, broad applications and the potential future applications of nanotechnology in medical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihtesham Arshad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Kanwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Zafar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Virtual University, Punjab, 54700, Pakistan.
| | - Ahsanullah Unar
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy.
| | - Hanane Mouada
- Department of Process Engineering, Institute of science University Center of Tipaza, Tipaza, Algeria.
| | | | - Safina Arif
- Medical Lab Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia.
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam BinAbdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Applied College, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Todorović N, Čanji Panić J, Pavlić B, Popović S, Ristić I, Rakić S, Rajšić I, Vukmirović S, Srđenović Čonić B, Milijašević B, Milošević N, Lalić-Popović M. Supercritical fluid technology as a strategy for nifedipine solid dispersions formulation: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2024; 649:123634. [PMID: 38000651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) is an insufficiently investigated approach for the production of solid dispersions, it is environmentally acceptable and has a high potential for application in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this work was to formulate and characterize nifedipine solid dispersions (SDs) produced by the SFT and compare the results with ones obtained by the classical solvent based kneading method. The following in vitro tests were conducted: assay and yield, solvent residues, solid state characterization (FTIR, DSC, XRD), flowability, hygroscopicity, solubility, dissolution and stability. Additionally, bioavailability was examined on an animal model (Wistar rats). The formulation selection for in vivo study was performed using the multilevel categoric experimental design and the health risk assessment. Solid state characterization revealed that formulation obtained by the SFT method and higher ratio of polymer (1:5) have had nifedipine in completely amorphous form. Polymer ratio and method of SDs preparation do influence the investigation characteristics. Dissolution rate was fastest in SDs prepared by the SFT and higher polymer ration (1:5). In vivo data of selected SDs prepared by the kneading (ratio 1:1) and the SFT (ratio 1:5) showed alteration in pharmacokinetic profile after i.v. and p.o. application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Todorović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Čanji Panić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Branimir Pavlić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Senka Popović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Ivan Ristić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Srđan Rakić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Ivana Rajšić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Saša Vukmirović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Branislava Srđenović Čonić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia; University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Centre for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control (CEMPhIC), Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Boris Milijašević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Nataša Milošević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Mladena Lalić-Popović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia; University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Centre for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control (CEMPhIC), Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia.
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El-Ashmawy AA, Abdelfattah FM, Emara LH. Novel Glyceryl Monostearate- and Polyethylene Glycol 6000-Based Ibuprofen Pellets Prepared by Hot-Melt Extrusion: Evaluation and Stability Assessment. J Pharm Innov 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-022-09647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
To prepare stable sustained-release (SR) pellets, containing high ibuprofen (IBU) loading, by hot-melt extrusion (HME) technique using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS).
Methods
HME pellets (60% w/w IBU) were prepared using PEG 6000, GMS, and mixture of both polymers (1:1). Stability studies were performed under stress conditions (40 °C and relative humidity “RH” of 75%) for 6 months and at room temperature for 12 months. Fresh and stored IBU pellets were evaluated by drug content (HPLC), release rate study (USP apparatus IV), DSC, and XRD.
Results
HME succeeded to produce SR-IBU pellets with high drug loading. PEG 6000 gave higher IBU release rate and relatively unstable formula after storage. PEG 6000/GMS mixture gave prolonged IBU release up to 4 h with stable formula for 12 months at room temperature. While, IBU/GMS pellets gave SR profile up to 6 h and a stable formula under both testing conditions. These advantages of IBU/GMS pellets could be an excellent candidate for SR-IBU product. DSC and XRD analysis data (enthalpy and counts) for IBU and polymers gave a mirror image for IBU release profiles of the studied HME pellets, for both fresh and stored samples.
Conclusion
Stable SR-IBU/GMS HME pellets with high IBU loading (60% w/w) were successfully produced, for the first time, without any other excipients.
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Understanding Direct Powder Extrusion for Fabrication of 3D Printed Personalised Medicines: A Case Study for Nifedipine Minitablets. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101583. [PMID: 34683875 PMCID: PMC8537449 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuse deposition modelling (FDM) has emerged as a novel technology for manufacturing 3D printed medicines. However, it is a two-step process requiring the fabrication of filaments using a hot melt extruder with suitable properties prior to printing taking place, which can be a rate-limiting step in its application into clinical practice. Direct powder extrusion can overcome the difficulties encountered with fabrication of pharmaceutical-quality filaments for FDM, allowing the manufacturing, in a single step, of 3D printed solid dosage forms. In this study, we demonstrate the manufacturing of small-weight (<100 mg) solid dosage forms with high drug loading (25%) that can be easily undertaken by healthcare professionals to treat hypertension. 3D printed nifedipine minitablets containing 20 mg were manufactured by direct powder extrusion combining 15% polyethylene glycol 4000 Da, 40% hydroxypropyl cellulose, 19% hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, and 1% magnesium stearate. The fabricated 3D printed minitablets of small overall weight did not disintegrate during dissolution and allowed for controlled drug release over 24 h, based on erosion. This release profile of the printed minitablets is more suitable for hypertensive patients than immediate-release tablets that can lead to a marked burst effect, triggering hypotension. The small size of the minitablet allows it to fit inside of a 0-size capsule and be combined with other minitablets, of other API, for the treatment of complex diseases requiring polypharmacy within a single dosage form.
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Yoshida H, Teruya K, Abe Y, Furuishi T, Fukuzawa K, Yonemochi E, Izutsu KI. Altered Media Flow and Tablet Position as Factors of How Air Bubbles Affect Dissolution of Disintegrating and Non-disintegrating Tablets Using a USP 4 Flow-Through Cell Apparatus. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:227. [PMID: 34431011 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated how air bubbles in media affect tablet dissolution in a flow-through cell system (USP 4) using disintegrating (USP prednisone) and non-disintegrating (USP salicylic acid) tablets. Cell hydrodynamics were studied using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The PIV analysis showed periodic changes in the local flow corresponding to the discharge and suction of the pump cycles. The absence of prior deaeration induced small air bubbles in the media and lower maximum flow during the cycle, explaining the slower dissolution of the USP salicylic acid tablets. Bubbles, occurring during the USP prednisone tablets study, induced the transition of floating disintegrated particles towards the cell outlet, whereas the particles precipitated to form a white layer on the glass beads used in the study with prior deaeration. CFD analysis showed local flow variation in multiple positions of small (ID 12 mm) and large (ID 22.6 mm) cells, explaining the different rates of dissolution of prednisone tablet particles depending on their distribution. These results emphasize the importance of prior deaeration in dissolution studies using a flow-through system. Bubbles in the flow-through cell system affected tablet dissolution by reducing the area in contact with the media (wettability), lowering the maximum instantaneous flow (pressure buffering), and altering the position of disintegrated particles in the cell.
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Hu PY, Zhong YH, Feng JF, Li DX, Deng P, Zhang WL, Lei ZQ, Liu XM, Zhang GS. Pharmacokinetics of five phthalides in volatile oil of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong, and comparison study on physicochemistry and pharmacokinetics after being formulated into solid dispersion and inclusion compound. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:129. [PMID: 33888111 PMCID: PMC8063472 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The dried rhizome of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, anemia and stroke. A high purity extract from chaxiong (VOC, brownish yellow oil) was extracted and separated. Its main components were senkyunolide A (SA, 33.81%), N-butylphthalide (NBP, 1.38%), Neocnidilide (NOL, 16.53%), Z-ligustilide (ZL, 38.36%), and butenyl phthalide (BP, 2.48%), respectively. Little is known about the pharmacokinetics of these phthalides in Chaxiong, and different preparations to improve the physicochemistry and pharmacokinetics of VOC have not been investigated. METHODS At different predetermined time points after oral administration or intravenous administration, the concentrations of SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in the rat plasma were determined using LC-MS/MS, and the main PK parameters were investigated. VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound were prepared by melting solvent method and grinding method, respectively. Moreover, the physicochemical properties, dissolution and pharmacokinetics of VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound in rats were assessed in comparison to VOC. RESULTS The absorptions of SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in VOC were rapid after oral administration, and the absolute bioavailability was less than 25%. After the two preparations were prepared, dissolution rate was improved at pH 5.8 phosphate buffer solution. Comparing VOC and physical mixture with the solid dispersion and inclusion compound, it was observed differences occurred in the chemical composition, thermal stability, and morphology. Both VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound had a significantly higher AUC and longer MRT in comparison with VOC. CONCLUSION SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in VOC from chaxiong possessed poor absolute oral bioavailability. Both VOC-P188 solid dispersion and VOC-β-CD inclusion compound could be prospective means for improving oral bioavailability of SA, NBP, NOL, ZL and BP in VOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yi Hu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ying-Huai Zhong
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jian-Fang Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Dong-Xun Li
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Wen-Liu Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Lei
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Xue-Mei Liu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Guo-Song Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
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Study of supramolecular complex of nifedipine with arabinogalactan on Wistar and ISIAH rats. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:119-131. [PMID: 33567879 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Physicochemical and pharmacological study of the supramolecular inclusion complexes of the hypotensive drug nifedipine (NF) with the larch polysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG). Materials & methods: The NF:AG complexes were obtained and their physicochemical properties were studied. Their hypotensive action and pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated in rats with normal and elevated arterial blood pressure. Results: In both rat lines the NF:AG complex decreased the arterial blood pressure at a lower dose than free NF (1.75 mg/kg of NF in complex compared with 3.5 mg/kg of free NF) and has a better pharmacokinetic profile than free NF. Conclusion: The use of the NF:AG complex is an effective way to sufficiently enhance and hasten NF's hypotensive action.
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Puri V, Nagpal M, Sharma A, Thakur GS, Singh M, Aggarwal G. Development of binary dispersions and nanocomposites of irbesartan with enhanced antihypertensive activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 10:269-278. [PMID: 32983943 PMCID: PMC7502911 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2020.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: Irbesartan (IBS), an angiotensin II receptor (AT1 subtype) antagonist which blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selective binding to AT1 angiotensin II receptor. It belongs to BCS class II drug (low aqueous solubility and high permeability). Improvement of dissolution characteristics of the drug by formulating is being investigated in the current study.
Methods: Solid dispersions (SD) formulations were prepared by the melting fusion technique and nanocomposites (NC) were prepared by a single emulsion technique. Eight batches of SD and three batches of NC were formulated in three ratios of drug to polymer (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). The batches were evaluated for equilibrium solubility studies, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission SEM (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and in vitro dissolution studies.
Results: Solubility studies revealed maximum solubility at a 1:2 ratio of solid dispersions and a 1:1 ratio of nanocomposites. No drug-polymer interaction was observed in FTIR results. DSC, SEM, and XRD analysis revealed changes in drug crystallinity i.e. conversion to the amorphous state of drugs. Nanosize of particles in the NC1 batch was confirmed in TEM studies. Solid dispersions and nanocomposites showed significant enhancement of dissolution in comparison to that of the pure drug (100% drug release in approximately 1 hour).
Conclusion: Nanocomposites proved superior carriers to solid dispersions in terms of the dissolution enhancement. Further, in vivo studies indicated that the induction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the optimized formulation (NC1) was significantly decreased in comparison to the disease control group (P <0.01) at all time intervals along with pure drug (P <0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Puri
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Ameya Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi-110017, India
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Pala R, Anju VT, Dyavaiah M, Busi S, Nauli SM. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3741-3769. [PMID: 32547026 PMCID: PMC7266400 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s250872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than 50% of CVDs can be treated effectively through the use of nanotechnology. The main goal of this review is to explore the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based cardiovascular drug carriers. This review also summarizes the difficulties associated with the conventional treatment modalities in comparison to the nanomedicine for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekharreddy Pala
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92868, USA
| | - V T Anju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Surya M Nauli
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92868, USA
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Budhwar V, Dutt B, Choudhary M. Cocrystallization: An innovative route toward better medication. JOURNAL OF REPORTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_103_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lipomatrix: A Novel Ascorbyl Palmitate-Based Lipid Matrix to Enhancing Enteric Absorption of Serenoa Repens Oil. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030669. [PMID: 30720739 PMCID: PMC6386960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The class of lipophilic compounds coming from vegetal source represents a perspective in the adjuvant treatment of several human diseases, despite their poor bioavailability in humans. These compounds are generally soluble in fats and poorly soluble in water. The major reason for the poor bioavailability of lipophilic natural compounds after oral uptake in humans is related to their reduced solubility in enteric water-based fluids, leading to an ineffective contact with absorbing epithelium. The main goal to ensure efficacy of such compounds is then creating technological conditions to deliver them into the first enteric tract as hydro-dispersible forms to maximize epithelial absorption. The present work describes and characterizes a new technological matrix (Lipomatrix, Labomar Research, Istrana, TV, Italy) based on a molten fats core in which Ascorbyl Palmitate is embedded, able to deliver lipophilic compounds in a well-dispersed and emulsified form once exposed to duodenal fluids. Authors describe and quantify Lipomatrix delivery of Serenoa repens oil through an innovative in vitro model of human gastro-enteric digestion, reporting results of its improved bioaccessibility, enteric absorption and efficacy compared with not formulated Serenoa repens oil-containing commercial products using in vitro models of human intestine and prostatic tissue.
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Mantas A, Mihranyan A. Immediate-Release Nifedipine Binary Dry Powder Mixtures with Nanocellulose Featuring Enhanced Solubility and Dissolution Rate. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E37. [PMID: 30669281 PMCID: PMC6359467 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nifedipine (NIF) is a 1,4-dihydropyridine-based calcium channel blocker with poor solubility, whose bioavailability is highly dependent on the type of formulation. Dry powder mixtures of 20% w/w NIF with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and its high surface area nanocellulose analogue, which is namely Cladophora (CLAD) cellulose, were produced by heating at the melting temperature of the drug for 1 h. Non-heated samples were used as a reference. The solid-state properties of the mixtures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The drug release was studied in biorelevant media, including simulated gastric fluid (SGF), fasted-state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSIF) and fed-state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSIF). An enhanced apparent solubility and faster dissolution rate of NIF were observed in the heated mixture of NIF with CLAD-H in all tested biorelevant media (i.e., SGF, FaSIF and FeSIF), which was due to NIF amorphization in the high surface area nanocellulose powder. Ordinary MCC, which is essentially non-porous, did not produce an enhancement of a similar magnitude. The results of the study suggest that dry powder formulation using high surface area nanocellulose is a facile new strategy for formulating calcium channel blocker drugs, which could potentially be a viable alternative to currently used soft gel liquid capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Mantas
- Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Albert Mihranyan
- Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
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A study to identify the contribution of Soluplus® component homopolymers to the solubilization of nifedipine and sulfamethoxazole using the melting point depression method. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Altamimi MA, Neau SH. Investigation of the in vitro performance difference of drug-Soluplus® and drug-PEG 6000 dispersions when prepared using spray drying or lyophilization. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:419-439. [PMID: 28344498 PMCID: PMC5357108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the physicochemical and in vitro characteristics of solid dispersions using BCS II model drugs with Soluplus® and one of its component homopolymers, PEG 6000. METHODS Nifedipine (NIF) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) of 99.3% and 99.5% purity, respectively, were selected as BCS II model drugs, such that an improved dissolution rate and concentration in the gastrointestinal tract should increase oral bioavailability. Soluplus® is an amorphous, tri-block, graft co-polymer with polyvinyl caprolactam, polyvinyl acetate, and polyethylene glycol (PCL:PVAc:PEG6000) in the ratio 57:30:13. PEG 6000 (BASF) is a waxy material with melting point of about 60 °C. Solid dispersions were prepared using lyophilization or spray drying techniques. Dissolution study, crystallinity content, and analysis for new chemical bond formation have been used to evaluate the dispersed materials. RESULTS Although each polymer improved the drug dissolution rate, dissolution from Soluplus® was slower. Enhanced dissolution rates were observed with NIF solid dispersions, but the dissolution profiles were quite different due to the selected technique, polymer, and dissolution medium. For SMX, there was similarity across the dissolution profiles despite the medium, polymer, or applied technique. Each polymer was able to maintain an elevated drug concentration over the three hour duration of the dissolution profile, i.e., supersaturation was supported by the polymer. DSC thermograms revealed no melting endotherm, suggesting that the drug is amorphous or molecularly dispersed. CONCLUSION NIF and SMX solid dispersions were successfully prepared by spray drying and lyophilization using Soluplus® or PEG 6000. Each polymer enhanced the drug dissolution rate; NIF dissolution rate was improved to a greater extent. Dispersions with PEG 6000 had a faster dissolution rate due to its hydrophilic nature. DSC analysis showed that no crystalline material exists in the dispersions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, 600 S. 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steven H. Neau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, 600 S. 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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Siow CRS, Wan Sia Heng P, Chan LW. Application of freeze-drying in the development of oral drug delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1595-1608. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1198767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carin Ru Shan Siow
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lai Wah Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Van Duong T, Van den Mooter G. The role of the carrier in the formulation of pharmaceutical solid dispersions. Part II: amorphous carriers. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1681-1694. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1198769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tu Van Duong
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Guy Van den Mooter
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Tsunashima D, Yamashita K, Ogawara KI, Sako K, Higaki K. Preparation of extended release solid dispersion formulations of tacrolimus using ethylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose by solvent evaporation method. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:316-23. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Tacrolimus is a poorly water-soluble compound that is used to prevent allograft rejection. We aimed to prepare an extended release formulation of tacrolimus to achieve both an extended release profile and improved solubility of tacrolimus.
Methods
Extended release granules (ERG) of tacrolimus were prepared with lactose, ethylcellulose (EC) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) via the solvent evaporation method.
Key findings
In an in vitro release study, ERG had an extended release profile, and the release rate of tacrolimus was regulated by the quantity of lactose, EC and HPMC in the formulation. HPMC-containing ERG successfully enhanced and maintained supersaturation of tacrolimus even after 24 h in a supersaturated release study. In contrast, the extent of supersaturation rapidly decreased after 4 h and the concentration nearly reached the same level as that of crystalline tacrolimus at 24 h for ERG without HPMC. In vivo absorption characteristics were compared between ERGs and immediate release (IR) formulation of tacrolimus. Successful and sustained absorption of tacrolimus without reducing bioavailability compared with IR formulation was observed for ERG.
Conclusions
These results suggest the feasibility of combining an EC-based formulation with solid dispersion utilizing HPMC for the extended release of oral formulations and sustained absorption of tacrolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tsunashima
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yamashita
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Ogawara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Japan
| | | | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Japan
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Lauro MR, Carbone C, Sansone F, Ruozi B, Chillemi R, Sciuto S, Aquino RP, Puglisi G. Innovative oral spray-dried Idebenone systems to improve patient compliance. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:1127-36. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1115870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Gajendran J, Krämer J, Shah VP, Langguth P, Polli J, Mehta M, Groot D, Cristofoletti R, Abrahamsson B, Dressman JB. Biowaiver Monographs for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Nifedipine. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:3289-98. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Yu M, Jie X, Xu L, Chen C, Shen W, Cao Y, Lian G, Qi R. Recent Advances in Dendrimer Research for Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2588-98. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maomao Yu
- Peking
University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Jie
- School
of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Peking
University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Peking
University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wanli Shen
- School
of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Yini Cao
- Peking
University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guan Lian
- School
of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Rong Qi
- Peking
University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
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Lecithin/TPGS-based spray-dried self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems: In vitro pulmonary deposition and cytotoxicity. Int J Pharm 2015; 485:249-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Daravath B, Tadikonda RR, Vemula SK. Formulation and pharmacokinetics of gelucire solid dispersions of flurbiprofen. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:1254-62. [PMID: 25039470 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.940963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Development of solid dispersions is to improve the therapeutic efficacy by increasing the drug solubility, dissolution rate, bioavailability as well as to attain rapid onset of action. OBJECTIVE The present research deals with the development of solid dispersions of flurbiprofen which is poorly water soluble to improve the solubility and dissolution rate using gelucires. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, solid dispersions were prepared following solvent evaporation method using gelucire 44/14 and gelucire 50/13 as carriers in different ratios. Then the formulations were evaluated for different physical parameters, solubility studies, DSC, FTIR studies and in vitro dissolution studies to select the best formulation that shows rapid dissolution rate and finally subjected to pharmacokinetic studies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION From the in vitro dissolution study, formulation F3 showed the better improvement in solubility and dissolution rate. From the pharmacokinetic evaluation, the control tablets produced peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 9140.84 ± 614.36 ng/ml at 3 h Tmax and solid dispersion tablets showed Cmax = 11 445.46 ± 149.23 ng/ml at 2 h Tmax. The area under the curve for the control and solid dispersion tablets was 31 495.16 ± 619.92 and 43 126.52 ± 688.89 ng h/ml and the mean resident time was 3.99 and 3.68 h, respectively. CONCLUSION From the above results, it is concluded that the formulation of gelucire 44/14 solid dispersions is able to improve the solubility, dissolution rate as well as the absorption rate of flurbiprofen than pure form of drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Daravath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Shivani College of Pharmacy , Warangal, Andhara Pradesh , India
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Sjögren E, Abrahamsson B, Augustijns P, Becker D, Bolger MB, Brewster M, Brouwers J, Flanagan T, Harwood M, Heinen C, Holm R, Juretschke HP, Kubbinga M, Lindahl A, Lukacova V, Münster U, Neuhoff S, Nguyen MA, Peer AV, Reppas C, Hodjegan AR, Tannergren C, Weitschies W, Wilson C, Zane P, Lennernäs H, Langguth P. In vivo methods for drug absorption – Comparative physiologies, model selection, correlations with in vitro methods (IVIVC), and applications for formulation/API/excipient characterization including food effects. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:99-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Film coating of nifedipine extended release pellets in a fluid bed coater with a Wurster insert. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:520758. [PMID: 24772426 PMCID: PMC3976946 DOI: 10.1155/2014/520758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the coating process of nifedipine extended release pellets using Opadry and Opadry II, in a fluid bed coater with a Wurster insert. The coating process was studied using a complete experimental design of two factors at two levels for each polymer. The variables studied were the inlet air temperature and the coating suspension flow rate. The agglomerate fraction and coating efficiency were the analyzed response variables. The air temperature was the variable that most influenced the coating efficiency for both polymers. In addition, a study of the dissolution profiles of coated and uncoated pellets using 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate in simulated gastric fluid without enzymes (pH 1.2) was conducted. The results showed a prolonged release profile for the coated and uncoated pellets that was very similar to the standards established by the U.S. Pharmacopoeia. The drug content and the release profiles were not significantly affected by storage at 40°C and 75% relative humidity. However, when exposed to direct sunlight and fluorescent light (light from fluorescent bulbs), the coated pellets lost only 5% of the drug content, while the uncoated ones lost more than 35%; furthermore, the dissolution profile of the uncoated pellets was faster.
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Hamori M, Yoshimatsu S, Hukuchi Y, Shimizu Y, Fukushima K, Sugioka N, Nishimura A, Shibata N. Preparation and pharmaceutical evaluation of nano-fiber matrix supported drug delivery system using the solvent-based electrospinning method. Int J Pharm 2014; 464:243-51. [PMID: 24440839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, utilizing the solvent-based electrospinning (ES) method, which is mainly employed in the textile industry, we prepared nanofiber-based capsules including drugs for controlled-release delivery systems using methacrylic acid copolymer (EUDRAGIT(®) S100, MAC) as a polymer, and evaluated their in vitro drug dissolution profiles and in vivo pharmacokinetics in rats. As the model drugs, uranine (UN) was used as a water-soluble drug and nifedipine (NP) as a water-insoluble drug. The mean diameters of drug free nano-fiber and nano-fiber including NP or UN were 751.5 ± 67.2, 703.3 ± 71.2 and 2477.8 ± 206.1 nm, respectively. X-ray diffraction for the nano-fibrotic sheet showed that UN and/or NP were packed in nano-fiber in an amorphous form. The in vitro release of UN or NP from the nano-fiber packed capsules (NFPC) and milled-powder of nano-fiber packed capsules (MPPC) showed controlled release of UN or NP as compared to capsules of a physical mixture of MAC and each drug. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats after intraduodenal administration of NFPC or MPPC including UN and/or NP clearly demonstrated that application of nano-fibrotic technique as a drug delivery system offers drastic changes in pharmacokinetic profiles for both water-soluble and water-insoluble drugs. The ES method is a useful technique to prepare a nano-fiber like solid dispersion for polar or nonpolar drugs, and has wide potential pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Hamori
- Department of Bioharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Shiori Yoshimatsu
- Department of Bioharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Yuki Hukuchi
- Department of Bioharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Department of Bioharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Keizo Fukushima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sugioka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Hyogo 650-8586, Japan
| | - Asako Nishimura
- Department of Bioharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Shibata
- Department of Bioharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
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Abd-El Bary A, D. Louis SS. pOlmesartan medoxomil surface solid dispersion-based orodispersible tablets: formulation and in vitro characterization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Effect of excipients on dissolution enhancement of aceclofenac solid dispersions studied using response surface methodology: a technical note. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:340-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0146-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Li J, Guo X, Liu Z, Okeke CI, Li N, Zhao H, Aggrey MO, Pan W, Wu T. Preparation and evaluation of charged solid lipid nanoparticles of tetrandrine for ocular drug delivery system: pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity and cellular uptake studies. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:980-7. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.795582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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Wang Y, Sun L, Jiang T, Zhang J, Zhang C, Sun C, Deng Y, Sun J, Wang S. The investigation of MCM-48-type and MCM-41-type mesoporous silica as oral solid dispersion carriers for water insoluble cilostazol. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:819-28. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.788013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ghorab D, Refai H, Tag R. Preparation and evaluation of fenoterol hydrobromide suppositories. Drug Discov Ther 2012; 5:311-8. [PMID: 22466443 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2011.v5.6.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fenoterol HBr is a bronchodilator known to be subject to first pass effect after oral administration. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate fenoterol HBr suppositories. Suppositories were prepared by a fusion method using different fatty bases, viz. Witepsol H15, Witepsol E75, Suppocire AP, and Suppocire BM, as well as different hydrophilic bases, viz. polyethylene glycol and poloxamer bases. In vitro release studies revealed a greater release of the drug from hydrophilic bases than from fatty bases. The effect of incorporating different types and concentrations of non-ionic surfactants (Tween 60 and Span 20) on the release rate of the drug from Witepsol H15, as a model fatty base, was investigated. Results showed an enhanced release at low surfactant concentrations. A very fast 100% drug release was achieved when the drug was incorporated as an aqueous solution in Witepsol H15 (F17). This formula was selected to test the effect of fenoterol HBr suppositories on histamine-induced bronchospasms in Guinea pigs. No dyspnea of the animals was recorded for up to 30 min. In addition, thermogel liquid suppositories of different poloxamer 188 and poloxamer 407 proportions in the presence of sodium alginate as a mucoadhesive polymer were prepared. The different formulations behaved similarly concerning sustainment of drug release, however, only the formula containing 15% poloxamer 188 and 25% poloxamer 407 (F20) showed optimal gelation at body temperature. In conclusion, among the studied suppository bases there are bases suitable for fast release of the drug like F17 and hydrophilic bases especially polyethylene glycol, as well as other bases for sustained release applications of fenoterol HBr like fatty and thermogel bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ghorab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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32
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Impact of Excipient Interactions on Drug Bioavailability from Solid Dosage Forms. Pharm Res 2012; 29:2639-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Newman A, Knipp G, Zografi G. Assessing the performance of amorphous solid dispersions. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:1355-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Jagdale SC, Gawali VU, Kuchekar BS, Chabukswar AR. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of taste-masked oro-dispersible dosage form of diltiazem hydrochloride. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502011000400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diltiazem hydrochloride is a calcium channel blocker generally indicated for the treatment of angina and hypertension, and it is extensively metabolized due to the hepatic metabolism. Formulation of diltiazem hydrochloride into an oro-dispersible dosage form can provide fast relief with higher bioavailability. The bitter taste of the drug should be masked to formulate it in a palatable form. In the present work, an attempt was made to mask the taste by complexation technique, with a formulation into an oro-dispersible dosage form, using superdisintegrants Doshion P544, crospovidone (CP) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG). The complexes of diltiazem hydrochloride with β-CD (1:1 molar ratio) were prepared by kneading, co-evaporation, co-grounding, freeze-drying and melting methods. Phase solubility showed stability constant 819.13M-1. Prepared inclusion complexes were evaluated for taste masking and characterized by I.R, XRD, DSC. Using the drug β-CD complex, oro-dispersible tablets were prepared and evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness, disintegrating time (DT), dissolution rate and taste. Formulations with 4 % Doshion, 8 % CP and 4 % SSG showed DT of 0.54, 0.35 and 1.23 minutes, respectively.
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Dave RH, Patel AD, Donahue E, Patel HH. To evaluate the effect of addition of an anionic surfactant on solid dispersion using model drug indomethacin. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 38:930-9. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.633264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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36
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Ansari MT, Batty KT, Iqbal I, Sunderland VB. Improving the solubility and bioavailability of dihydroartemisinin by solid dispersions and inclusion complexes. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:757-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Tran PHL, Tran TTD, Park JB, Lee BJ. Controlled Release Systems Containing Solid Dispersions: Strategies and Mechanisms. Pharm Res 2011; 28:2353-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Loftsson T, Brewster ME. Pharmaceutical applications of cyclodextrins: effects on drug permeation through biological membranes. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:1119-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Cyclodextrins are useful solubilizing excipients that have gained currency in the formulator's armamentarium based on their ability to temporarily camouflage undesirable physicochemical properties. In this context cyclodextrins can increase oral bioavailability, stabilize compounds to chemical and enzymatic degradation and can affect permeability through biological membranes under certain circumstances. This latter property is examined herein as a function of the published literature as well as work completed in our laboratories.
Key findings
Cyclodextrins can increase the uptake of drugs through biological barriers if the limiting barrier component is the unstirred water layer (UWL) that exists between the membrane and bulk water. This means that cyclodextrins are most useful when they interact with lipophiles in systems where such an UWL is present and contributes significantly to the barrier properties of the membrane. Furthermore, these principles are used to direct the optimal formulation of drugs in cyclodextrins. A second related critical success factor in the formulation of cyclodextrin-based drug product is an understanding of the kinetics and thermodynamics of complexation and the need to optimize the cyclodextrin amount and drug-to-cyclodextrin ratios. Drug formulations, especially those targeting compartments associated with limited dissolution (i.e. the eye, subcutaneous space, etc.), should be carefully designed such that the thermodynamic activity of the drug in the formulation is optimal meaning that there is sufficient cyclodextrin to solubilize the drug but not more than that. Increasing the cyclodextrin concentration decreases the formulation ‘push’ and may reduce the bioavailability of the system.
Conclusions
A mechanism-based understanding of cyclodextrin complexation is essential for the appropriate formulation of contemporary drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsteinn Loftsson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Marcus E Brewster
- Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Scheperstraat, Beerse, Belgium
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Gupta J, Nunes C, Vyas S, Jonnalagadda S. Prediction of Solubility Parameters and Miscibility of Pharmaceutical Compounds by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:2014-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jp108540n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Biopharmaceutics R&D, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Cletus Nunes
- Biopharmaceutics R&D, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Shyam Vyas
- Accelrys, Inc., San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Sriramakamal Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Physicochemical characterization of finasteride:PEG 6000 and finasteride:Kollidon K25 solid dispersions, and finasteride: β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-010-9898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Ansari MT, Karim S, Ranjha NM, Shah NH, Muhammad S. Physicochemical characterization of artemether solid dispersions with hydrophilic carriers by freeze dried and melt methods. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:901-10. [PMID: 20607495 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid dispersions of artemether (ARM), a poorly soluble drug, were prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPK25, MW 25000) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG4000, MW 4000) as excipients. These dispersions were studied by physical mixture, freeze-drying, and melting methods. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern, fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, differential scanning calorimetery, and dissolution studies. X-ray diffraction pattern revealed the complete crystalline nature of artemether, whereas physical mixtures, melt mixtures (MM), and freeze-dried solid dispersions (FDSD) of ARM-PVP and ARM-PEG showed reduced peak intensities with increased PVP/PEG content. PEG showed lower decreases in intensity than PVP preparations. Differential scanning calorimetery also confirmed this finding by showing either a small or absent endotherm. Red shifts in O-H stretching vibrations of ARM were higher in the MM of ARM-PVP than its FDSD as exhibited by fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry. The carbonyl peak of PEG was blue shifted in MM and FDSD, whereas the C=O peak of PVP was red shifted in FDSD and MM, indicating different H-bonding by PEG and PVP with ARM. The rate of dissolution (phosphate buffer at pH 4.5) was improved up to 4-fold in MM and FDSD compared to artemether, and up to 50% compared to physical mixtures. The preparation of solid dispersions influenced the rate of dissolution at various drug-carrier ratios, i.e., the dissolution order of 1:1-1:4 ratio was MM > FDSD; FDSD > MM at 1:6-1:8 ratios of both ARM-PVP and ARM-PEG; and FDSD of ARM-PEG > FDSD of ARM-PVP > MM of ARM-PEG > MM of ARM-PVP at a 1:10 ratio.
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Qiang D, Gunn JA, Schultz L, Li ZJ. Evaluation of the impact of sodium lauryl sulfate source variability on solid oral dosage form development. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:1486-96. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2010.488647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tiwari G, Tiwari R, Rai AK. Cyclodextrins in delivery systems: Applications. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2010; 2:72-9. [PMID: 21814436 PMCID: PMC3147107 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.67003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides with a hydrophilic outer surface and a lipophilic central cavity. CD molecules are relatively large with a number of hydrogen donors and acceptors and, thus in general, they do not permeate lipophilic membranes. In the pharmaceutical industry, CDs have mainly been used as complexing agents to increase aqueous solubility of poorly soluble drugs and to increase their bioavailability and stability. CDs are used in pharmaceutical applications for numerous purposes, including improving the bioavailability of drugs. Current CD-based therapeutics is described and possible future applications are discussed. CD-containing polymers are reviewed and their use in drug delivery is presented. Of specific interest is the use of CD-containing polymers to provide unique capabilities for the delivery of nucleic acids. Studies in both humans and animals have shown that CDs can be used to improve drug delivery from almost any type of drug formulation. Currently, there are approximately 30 different pharmaceutical products worldwide containing drug/CD complexes in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Tiwari
- Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of pharmaceutics, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kalpi Road, Bhauti, Kanpur 208020, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awani K. Rai
- Department of pharmaceutics, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kalpi Road, Bhauti, Kanpur 208020, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gamsiz ED, Miller L, Thombre AG, Ahmed I, Carrier RL. Modeling the influence of cyclodextrins on oral absorption of low-solubility drugs: I. Model development. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 105:409-20. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yadav AV, Shete AS, Dabke AP, Kulkarni PV, Sakhare SS. Co-crystals: a novel approach to modify physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Indian J Pharm Sci 2009; 71:359-70. [PMID: 20502540 PMCID: PMC2865806 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.57283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Revised: 08/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystal form can be crucial to the performance of a dosage form. This is especially true for compounds that have intrinsic barriers to drug delivery, such as low aqueous solubility, slow dissolution in gastrointestinal media, low permeability and first-pass metabolism. The nature of the physical form and formulation tends to exhibit the greatest effect on bioavailability parameters of water insoluble compounds that need to be given orally in high doses. An alternative approach available for the enhancement of drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability is through the application of crystal engineering of co-crystals. The physicochemical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredients and the bulk material properties can be modified, whilst maintaining the intrinsic activity of the drug molecule. This article covers the advantages of co-crystals over salts, solvates (hydrates), solid dispersions and polymorphs, mechanism of formation of co-crystals, methods of preparation of co-crystals and application of co-crystals to modify physicochemical characteristics of active pharmaceutical ingredients along with the case studies. The intellectual property implications of creating co-crystals are also highly relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Yadav
- Krishna Institute of Medical Scinces University and Institute of Pharmacy, Karad-415 110, India
| | - A. S. Shete
- Shree Santkrupa College of Pharmacy, Ghogoan, Karad-415 111, India
| | - A. P. Dabke
- Goverenment College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Karad-415 124, India
| | - P. V. Kulkarni
- Government College of Pharmacy, Osmanpura, Aurangabad-431 005, India
| | - S. S. Sakhare
- Gourishankar Education Society's Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Limb, Satara-415 004, India
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Parmar KR, Patel KA, Shah SR, Sheth NR. Inclusion complexes of lamotrigine and hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin: solid state characterization and dissolution studies. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-009-9577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Thybo P, Pedersen BL, Hovgaard L, Holm R, Mullertz A. Characterization and physical stability of spray dried solid dispersions of probucol and PVP-K30. Pharm Dev Technol 2008; 13:375-86. [PMID: 18720236 DOI: 10.1080/10837450802244843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to obtain stable, well-characterized solid dispersions (SDs) of amorphous probucol and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP-K30) with improved dissolution rates. A secondary aim was to investigate the flow-through dissolution method for in-vitro dissolution measurements of small-sized amorphous powders dispersed in a hydrophilic polymer. SDs were prepared by spray drying solutions of probucol and different amounts of PVP-K30. The obtained SDs were characterized by dissolution rate measurements in a flow-through apparatus, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), particle sizing (laser diffraction) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Method (BET) and results were compared with starting material and a physical mixture. The physical stability was monitored after storage at 25 degrees C and 60% RH for up to 12 weeks. The flow-through method was found suitable as dissolution method. All SDs showed improved in-vitro dissolution rates when compared to starting material and physical mixtures. The greatest improvement in the in-vitro dissolution rate was observed for the highest polymer to drug ratio. By means of the results from XRPD and DSC, it was argued that the presence of amorphous probucol improved the dissolution rate, but the amorphous state could not fully account for the difference in dissolution profiles between the SDs. It was suggested that the increase in surface area due to the reduction in particle size contributed to an increased dissolution rate as well as the presence of PVP-K30 by preventing aggregation and drug re-crystallization and by improving wettability during dissolution. The stabilizing effect of the polymer was verified in the solid state, as all the SDs retained probucol in the amorphous state throughout the entire length of the stability study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Thybo
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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48
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Hirlekar R, Kadam V. Preparation and characterization of inclusion complexes of carvedilol with methyl-β-cyclodextrin. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-008-9506-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Zheng X, Yang R, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Tang X, Zheng L. Part II: Bioavailability in Beagle Dogs of Nimodipine Solid Dispersions Prepared by Hot-Melt Extrusion. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 33:783-9. [PMID: 17654027 DOI: 10.1080/03639040601050205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the in vitro dissolution properties and oral bioavailability of three solid dispersions of nimodipine. The solid dispersions were compared with pure nimodipine, their physical mixtures, and the marketed drug product Nimotop. Nimodipine solid dispersions were prepared by a hot-melt extrusion process with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC, Methocel E5), polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VA, Plasdone S630), and ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate polymer (Eudragit EPO). Previous studies of XRPD and DSC data showed that the crystallinity was not observed in hot-melt extrudates, two T(g)s were observed in the 30% and 50% NMD-HPMC samples, indicating phase separation. The weakening and shift of the N-H stretching vibration of the secondary amine groups of nimodipine as determined by FT-IR proved hydrogen bonding between the drug and polymers in the solid dispersion. The dissolution profiles of the three dispersion systems showed that the release was improved compared with the unmanipulated drug. Drug plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated after orally administering each preparation containing 60 mg of nimodipine. The mean bioavailability of nimodipine was comparable after administration of the Eudragit EPO solid dispersion and Nimotop, but the HPMC and PVP/VA dispersions exhibited much lower bioavailability. However, the AUC(0-12 hr) values of all three solid dispersions were significantly higher than physical mixtures with the same carriers and nimodipine powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China.
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50
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Effect of poloxamer on the dissolution of felodipine and preparation of controlled release matrix tablets containing felodipine. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:1023-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-1263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 02/05/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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