1
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Ahmed M, Wheeler R, Týč J, Shafiq S, Sunter J, Vaughan S. Identification of 30 transition fibre proteins in Trypanosoma brucei reveals a complex and dynamic structure. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261692. [PMID: 38572631 PMCID: PMC11190437 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Transition fibres and distal appendages surround the distal end of mature basal bodies and are essential for ciliogenesis, but only a few of the proteins involved have been identified and functionally characterised. Here, through genome-wide analysis, we have identified 30 transition fibre proteins (TFPs) and mapped their arrangement in the flagellated eukaryote Trypanosoma brucei. We discovered that TFPs are recruited to the mature basal body before and after basal body duplication, with differential expression of five TFPs observed at the assembling new flagellum compared to the existing fixed-length old flagellum. RNAi-mediated depletion of 17 TFPs revealed six TFPs that are necessary for ciliogenesis and a further three TFPs that are necessary for normal flagellum length. We identified nine TFPs that had a detectable orthologue in at least one basal body-forming eukaryotic organism outside of the kinetoplastid parasites. Our work has tripled the number of known transition fibre components, demonstrating that transition fibres are complex and dynamic in their composition throughout the cell cycle, which relates to their essential roles in ciliogenesis and flagellum length regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Ahmed
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Richard Wheeler
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Jiří Týč
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Shahaan Shafiq
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Jack Sunter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Sue Vaughan
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
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2
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Laporte MH, Gambarotto D, Bertiaux É, Bournonville L, Louvel V, Nunes JM, Borgers S, Hamel V, Guichard P. Time-series reconstruction of the molecular architecture of human centriole assembly. Cell 2024; 187:2158-2174.e19. [PMID: 38604175 PMCID: PMC11060037 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Centriole biogenesis, as in most organelle assemblies, involves the sequential recruitment of sub-structural elements that will support its function. To uncover this process, we correlated the spatial location of 24 centriolar proteins with structural features using expansion microscopy. A time-series reconstruction of protein distributions throughout human procentriole assembly unveiled the molecular architecture of the centriole biogenesis steps. We found that the process initiates with the formation of a naked cartwheel devoid of microtubules. Next, the bloom phase progresses with microtubule blade assembly, concomitantly with radial separation and rapid cartwheel growth. In the subsequent elongation phase, the tubulin backbone grows linearly with the recruitment of the A-C linker, followed by proteins of the inner scaffold (IS). By following six structural modules, we modeled 4D assembly of the human centriole. Collectively, this work provides a framework to investigate the spatial and temporal assembly of large macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine H Laporte
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Davide Gambarotto
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Éloïse Bertiaux
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lorène Bournonville
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Louvel
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - José M Nunes
- University of Geneva, Department of Genetic and evolution, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Borgers
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland.
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3
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Lei Q, Yu Q, Yang N, Xiao Z, Song C, Zhang R, Yang S, Liu Z, Deng H. Therapeutic potential of targeting polo-like kinase 4. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116115. [PMID: 38199166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase, masterfully regulates centriole duplication in a spatiotemporal manner to ensure the fidelity of centrosome duplication and proper mitosis. Abnormal expression of PLK4 contributes to genomic instability and associates with a poor prognosis in cancer. Inhibition of PLK4 is demonstrated to exhibit significant efficacy against various types of human cancers, further highlighting its potential as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. As such, numerous small-molecule inhibitors with distinct chemical scaffolds targeting PLK4 have been extensively investigated for the treatment of different human cancers, with several undergoing clinical evaluation (e.g., CFI-400945). Here, we review the structure, distribution, and biological functions of PLK4, encapsulate its intricate regulatory mechanisms of expression, and highlighting its multifaceted roles in cancer development and metastasis. Moreover, the recent advancements of PLK4 inhibitors in patent or literature are summarized, and their therapeutic potential as monotherapies or combination therapies with other anticancer agents are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Quanwei Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Na Yang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhaolin Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Shuxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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4
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Khanal S, Jaiswal A, Chowdanayaka R, Puente N, Turner K, Assefa KY, Nawras M, Back ED, Royfman A, Burkett JP, Cheong SH, Fisher HS, Sindhwani P, Gray J, Ramachandra NB, Avidor-Reiss T. The evolution of centriole degradation in mouse sperm. Nat Commun 2024; 15:117. [PMID: 38168044 PMCID: PMC10761967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are subcellular organelles found at the cilia base with an evolutionarily conserved structure and a shock absorber-like function. In sperm, centrioles are found at the flagellum base and are essential for embryo development in basal animals. Yet, sperm centrioles have evolved diverse forms, sometimes acting like a transmission system, as in cattle, and sometimes becoming dispensable, as in house mice. How the essential sperm centriole evolved to become dispensable in some organisms is unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that this transition occurred through a cascade of evolutionary changes to the proteins, structure, and function of sperm centrioles and was possibly driven by sperm competition. We found that the final steps in this cascade are associated with a change in the primary structure of the centriolar inner scaffold protein FAM161A in rodents. This information provides the first insight into the molecular mechanisms and adaptive evolution underlying a major evolutionary transition within the internal structure of the mammalian sperm neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Khanal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ankit Jaiswal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Rajanikanth Chowdanayaka
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, India
| | - Nahshon Puente
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Katerina Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Mohamad Nawras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ezekiel David Back
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Abigail Royfman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - James P Burkett
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Soon Hon Cheong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Heidi S Fisher
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Puneet Sindhwani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - John Gray
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Tomer Avidor-Reiss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
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5
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Arslanhan MD, Cengiz-Emek S, Odabasi E, Steib E, Hamel V, Guichard P, Firat-Karalar EN. CCDC15 localizes to the centriole inner scaffold and controls centriole length and integrity. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202305009. [PMID: 37934472 PMCID: PMC10630097 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based organelles responsible for forming centrosomes and cilia, which serve as microtubule-organizing, signaling, and motility centers. Biogenesis and maintenance of centrioles with proper number, size, and architecture are vital for their functions during development and physiology. While centriole number control has been well-studied, less is understood about their maintenance as stable structures with conserved size and architecture during cell division and ciliary motility. Here, we identified CCDC15 as a centriole protein that colocalizes with and interacts with the inner scaffold, a crucial centriolar subcompartment for centriole size control and integrity. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we found that CCDC15 depletion affects centriole length and integrity, leading to defective cilium formation, maintenance, and response to Hedgehog signaling. Moreover, loss-of-function experiments showed CCDC15's role in recruiting both the inner scaffold protein POC1B and the distal SFI1/Centrin-2 complex to centrioles. Our findings reveal players and mechanisms of centriole architectural integrity and insights into diseases linked to centriolar defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis D. Arslanhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyma Cengiz-Emek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Odabasi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emmanuelle Steib
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Virginie Hamel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sciences III, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sciences III, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Louvel V, Haase R, Mercey O, Laporte MH, Eloy T, Baudrier É, Fortun D, Soldati-Favre D, Hamel V, Guichard P. iU-ExM: nanoscopy of organelles and tissues with iterative ultrastructure expansion microscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7893. [PMID: 38036510 PMCID: PMC10689735 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a highly effective technique for super-resolution fluorescence microscopy that enables imaging of biological samples beyond the diffraction limit with conventional fluorescence microscopes. Despite the development of several enhanced protocols, ExM has not yet demonstrated the ability to achieve the precision of nanoscopy techniques such as Single Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM). Here, to address this limitation, we have developed an iterative ultrastructure expansion microscopy (iU-ExM) approach that achieves SMLM-level resolution. With iU-ExM, it is now possible to visualize the molecular architecture of gold-standard samples, such as the eight-fold symmetry of nuclear pores or the molecular organization of the conoid in Apicomplexa. With its wide-ranging applications, from isolated organelles to cells and tissue, iU-ExM opens new super-resolution avenues for scientists studying biological structures and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Louvel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Romuald Haase
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Mercey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marine H Laporte
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Eloy
- ICube - UMR7357, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Étienne Baudrier
- ICube - UMR7357, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Denis Fortun
- ICube - UMR7357, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Soldati-Favre
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Hamel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Paul Guichard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Nudelman K, Nho K, Zhang M, McDonald BC, Zhai W, Small BJ, Wegel CE, Jacobsen PB, Jim HSL, Patel SK, Graham DMA, Ahles TA, Root JC, Foroud T, Breen EC, Carroll JE, Mandelblatt JS, Saykin AJ. Genetic Variants Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Performance in Older Breast Cancer Patients and Controls. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2877. [PMID: 37296840 PMCID: PMC10252108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There have been no published genome-wide studies of the genetics of cancer- and treatment-related cognitive decline (CRCD); the purpose of this study is to identify genetic variants associated with CRCD in older female breast cancer survivors. Methods: Analyses included white non-Hispanic women with non-metastatic breast cancer aged 60+ (N = 325) and age-, racial/ethnic group-, and education-matched controls (N = 340) with pre-systemic treatment and one-year follow-up cognitive assessment. CRCD was evaluated using longitudinal domain scores on cognitive tests of attention, processing speed, and executive function (APE), and learning and memory (LM). Linear regression models of one-year cognition included an interaction term for SNP or gene SNP enrichment*cancer case/control status, controlling for demographic variables and baseline cognition. Results: Cancer patients carrying minor alleles for two SNPs, rs76859653 (chromosome 1) in the hemicentin 1 (HMCN1) gene (p = 1.624 × 10-8), and rs78786199 (chromosome 2, p = 1.925 × 10-8) in an intergenic region had lower one-year APE scores than non-carriers and controls. Gene-level analyses showed the POC5 centriolar protein gene was enriched for SNPs associated with differences in longitudinal LM performance between patients and controls. Conclusions: The SNPs associated with cognition in survivors, but not controls, were members of the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family, that play important roles in cell signaling, cancer risk, and neurodegeneration. These findings provide preliminary evidence that novel genetic loci may contribute to susceptibility to CRCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Nudelman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Genetics Biobank, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Genetics Biobank, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brenna C. McDonald
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Wanting Zhai
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Brent J. Small
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Claire E. Wegel
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Genetics Biobank, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Paul B. Jacobsen
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Studies, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Heather S. L. Jim
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sunita K. Patel
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Deena M. A. Graham
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
| | - Tim A. Ahles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - James C. Root
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Genetics Biobank, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Breen
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Judith E. Carroll
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeanne S. Mandelblatt
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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8
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Hassan A, Bagu ET, Patten SA, Molidperee S, Parent S, Barchi S, Villemure I, Tremblay A, Moldovan F. Differential Regulation of POC5 by ERα in Human Normal and Scoliotic Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051111. [PMID: 37239471 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional spinal deformity. The incidence of AIS in females is 8.4 times higher than in males. Several hypotheses on the role of estrogen have been postulated for the progression of AIS. Recently, Centriolar protein gene POC5 (POC5) was identified as a causative gene of AIS. POC5 is a centriolar protein that is important for cell cycle progression and centriole elongation. However, the hormonal regulation of POC5 remains to be determined. Here, we identify POC5 as an estrogen-responsive gene under the regulation of estrogen receptor ERα in normal osteoblasts (NOBs) and other ERα-positive cells. Using promoter activity, gene, and protein expression assays, we found that the POC5 gene was upregulated by the treatment of osteoblasts with estradiol (E2) through direct genomic signaling. We observed different effects of E2 in NOBs and mutant POC5A429V AIS osteoblasts. Using promoter assays, we identified an estrogen response element (ERE) in the proximal promoter of POC5, which conferred estrogen responsiveness through ERα. The recruitment of ERα to the ERE of the POC5 promoter was also potentiated by estrogen. Collectively, these findings suggest that estrogen is an etiological factor in scoliosis through the deregulation of POC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Hassan
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Edward T Bagu
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Medical School, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Shunmoogum A Patten
- INRS Center Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Sirinart Molidperee
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Stefan Parent
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Soraya Barchi
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Isabelle Villemure
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - André Tremblay
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Florina Moldovan
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Monpetit Boulevard, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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9
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Steiert B, Icardi CM, Faris R, McCaslin PN, Smith P, Klingelhutz AJ, Yau PM, Weber MM. The Chlamydia trachomatis type III-secreted effector protein CteG induces centrosome amplification through interactions with centrin-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303487120. [PMID: 37155906 PMCID: PMC10193975 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303487120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is the main microtubule organizing center of the cell and is crucial for mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and cell division. Centrosome duplication is tightly controlled, yet several pathogens, most notably oncogenic viruses, perturb this process leading to increased centrosome numbers. Infection by the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis (C.t.) correlates with blocked cytokinesis, supernumerary centrosomes, and multipolar spindles; however, the mechanisms behind how C.t. induces these cellular abnormalities remain largely unknown. Here we show that the secreted effector protein, CteG, binds to centrin-2 (CETN2), a key structural component of centrosomes and regulator of centriole duplication. Our data indicate that both CteG and CETN2 are necessary for infection-induced centrosome amplification, in a manner that requires the C-terminus of CteG. Strikingly, CteG is important for in vivo infection and growth in primary cervical cells but is dispensable for growth in immortalized cells, highlighting the importance of this effector protein to chlamydial infection. These findings begin to provide mechanistic insight into how C.t. induces cellular abnormalities during infection, but also indicate that obligate intracellular bacteria may contribute to cellular transformation events. Centrosome amplification mediated by CteG-CETN2 interactions may explain why chlamydial infection leads to an increased risk of cervical or ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Steiert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Carolina M. Icardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Robert Faris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Paige N. McCaslin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Parker Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Aloysius J. Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Peter M. Yau
- Carver Biotechnology Center–Protein Sciences Facility, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Mary M. Weber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA52242
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10
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Tsekitsidou E, Wong CJ, Ulengin-Talkish I, Barth AIM, Stearns T, Gingras AC, Wang JT, Cyert MS. Calcineurin associates with centrosomes and regulates cilia length maintenance. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260353. [PMID: 37013443 PMCID: PMC10163345 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin, or protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), the Ca2+ and calmodulin-activated phosphatase and target of immunosuppressants, has many substrates and functions that remain uncharacterized. By combining rapid proximity-dependent labeling with cell cycle synchronization, we mapped the spatial distribution of calcineurin in different cell cycle stages. While calcineurin-proximal proteins did not vary significantly between interphase and mitosis, calcineurin consistently associated with multiple centrosomal and/or ciliary proteins. These include POC5, which binds centrins in a Ca2+-dependent manner and is a component of the luminal scaffold that stabilizes centrioles. We show that POC5 contains a calcineurin substrate motif (PxIxIT type) that mediates calcineurin binding in vivo and in vitro. Using indirect immunofluorescence and ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that calcineurin colocalizes with POC5 at the centriole, and further show that calcineurin inhibitors alter POC5 distribution within the centriole lumen. Our discovery that calcineurin directly associates with centriolar proteins highlights a role for Ca2+ and calcineurin signaling at these organelles. Calcineurin inhibition promotes elongation of primary cilia without affecting ciliogenesis. Thus, Ca2+ signaling within cilia includes previously unknown functions for calcineurin in maintenance of cilia length, a process that is frequently disrupted in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cassandra J. Wong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | | | | | - Tim Stearns
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer T. Wang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martha S. Cyert
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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11
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Dawood M, Akay G, Mitani T, Marafi D, Fatih JM, Gezdirici A, Najmabadi H, Kahrizi K, Punetha J, Grochowski CM, Du H, Jolly A, Li H, Coban-Akdemir Z, Sedlazeck FJ, Hunter JV, Jhangiani SN, Muzny D, Pehlivan D, Posey JE, Carvalho CM, Gibbs RA, Lupski JR. A biallelic frameshift indel in PPP1R35 as a cause of primary microcephaly. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:794-804. [PMID: 36598158 PMCID: PMC9928800 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 35 (PPP1R35) encodes a centrosomal protein required for recruiting microtubule-binding elongation machinery. Several proteins in this centriole biogenesis pathway correspond to established primary microcephaly (MCPH) genes, and multiple model organism studies hypothesize PPP1R35 as a candidate MCPH gene. Here, using exome sequencing (ES) and family-based rare variant analyses, we report a homozygous, frameshifting indel deleting the canonical stop codon in the last exon of PPP1R35 [Chr7: c.753_*3delGGAAGCGTAGACCinsCG (p.Trp251Cysfs*22)]; the variant allele maps in a 3.7 Mb block of absence of heterozygosity (AOH) in a proband with severe MCPH (-4.3 SD at birth, -6.1 SD by 42 months), pachygyria, and global developmental delay from a consanguineous Turkish kindred. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) confirmed mutant mRNA expression in fibroblasts. In silico prediction of the translation of mutant PPP1R35 is expected to be elongated by 18 amino acids before encountering a downstream stop codon. This complex indel allele is absent in public databases (ClinVar, gnomAD, ARIC, 1000 genomes) and our in-house database of 14,000+ exomes including 1800+ Turkish exomes supporting predicted pathogenicity. Comprehensive literature searches for PPP1R35 variants yielded two probands affected with severe microcephaly (-15 SD and -12 SD) with the same homozygous indel from a single, consanguineous, Iranian family from a cohort of 404 predominantly Iranian families. The lack of heterozygous cases in two large cohorts representative of the genetic background of these two families decreased our suspicion of a founder allele and supports the contention of a recurrent mutation. We propose two potential secondary structure mutagenesis models for the origin of this variant allele mediated by hairpin formation between complementary GC rich segments flanking the stop codon via secondary structure mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moez Dawood
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gulsen Akay
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Tadahiro Mitani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Dana Marafi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Jawid M. Fatih
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaya Punetha
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | | | - Haowei Du
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Angad Jolly
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - He Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Zeynep Coban-Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fritz J. Sedlazeck
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jill V. Hunter
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- E.B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Shalini N. Jhangiani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Donna Muzny
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Claudia M.B. Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - James R. Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
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12
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Vats K, Tandon R, Roshanara, Beg MA, Corrales RM, Yagoubat A, Reyaz E, Wani TH, Baig MS, Chaudhury A, Krishnan A, Puri N, Salotra P, Sterkers Y, Selvapandiyan A. Interaction of novel proteins, centrin4 and protein of centriole in Leishmania parasite and their effects on the parasite growth. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119416. [PMID: 36623775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Centrins are cytoskeletal proteins associated with the centrosomes or basal bodies in the eukaryotes. We previously reported the involvement of Centrin 1-3 proteins in cell division in the protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma brucei. Centrin4 and 5, unique to such parasites, had never been characterized in Leishmania parasite. In the current study, we addressed the function of centrin4 (LdCen4) in Leishmania. By dominant-negative study, the episomal expression of C-terminal truncated LdCen4 in the parasite reduced the parasite growth. LdCen4 double allele gene deletion by either homologous recombination or CRISPR-Cas9 was not successful in L. donovani. However, CRISPR-Cas9-based deletion of the homologous gene was possible in L. mexicana, which attenuated the parasite growth in vitro, but not ex vivo in the macrophages. LdCen4 also interacts with endogenous and overexpressed LdPOC protein, a homolog of centrin reacting human POC (protein of centriole) in a calcium sensitive manner. LdCen4 and LdPOC binding has also been confirmed through in silico analysis by protein structural docking and validated by co-immunoprecipitation. By immunofluorescence studies, we found that both the proteins share a common localization at the basal bodies. Thus, for the first time, this article describes novel centrin4 and its binding protein in the protozoan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Vats
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Bio & Nano Technology Centre, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India; MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Academic Hospital (CHU) of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Rati Tandon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Roshanara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mirza A Beg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Rosa M Corrales
- MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Academic Hospital (CHU) of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Akila Yagoubat
- MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Academic Hospital (CHU) of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Enam Reyaz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Tasaduq H Wani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mirza S Baig
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ashok Chaudhury
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Bio & Nano Technology Centre, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Niti Puri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Poonam Salotra
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Yvon Sterkers
- MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Academic Hospital (CHU) of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
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13
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Ulengin-Talkish I, Cyert MS. A cellular atlas of calcineurin signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119366. [PMID: 36191737 PMCID: PMC9948804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signals are temporally controlled and spatially restricted. Signaling occurs adjacent to sites of Ca2+ entry and/or release, where Ca2+-dependent effectors and their substrates co-localize to form signaling microdomains. Here we review signaling by calcineurin, the Ca2+/calmodulin regulated protein phosphatase and target of immunosuppressant drugs, Cyclosporin A and FK506. Although well known for its activation of the adaptive immune response via NFAT dephosphorylation, systematic mapping of human calcineurin substrates and regulators reveals unexpected roles for this versatile phosphatase throughout the cell. We discuss calcineurin function, with an emphasis on where signaling occurs and mechanisms that target calcineurin and its substrates to signaling microdomains, especially binding of cognate short linear peptide motifs (SLiMs). Calcineurin is ubiquitously expressed and regulates events at the plasma membrane, other intracellular membranes, mitochondria, the nuclear pore complex and centrosomes/cilia. Based on our expanding knowledge of localized CN actions, we describe a cellular atlas of Ca2+/calcineurin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martha S Cyert
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035, United States.
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14
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Karasu OR, Neuner A, Atorino ES, Pereira G, Schiebel E. The central scaffold protein CEP350 coordinates centriole length, stability, and maturation. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213625. [PMID: 36315013 PMCID: PMC9623370 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202203081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The centriole is the microtubule-based backbone that ensures integrity, function, and cell cycle-dependent duplication of centrosomes. Mostly unclear mechanisms control structural integrity of centrioles. Here, we show that the centrosome protein CEP350 functions as scaffold that coordinates distal-end properties of centrioles such as length, stability, and formation of distal and subdistal appendages. CEP350 fulfills these diverse functions by ensuring centriolar localization of WDR90, recruiting the proteins CEP78 and OFD1 to the distal end of centrioles and promoting the assembly of subdistal appendages that have a role in removing the daughter-specific protein Centrobin. The CEP350-FOP complex in association with CEP78 or OFD1 controls centriole microtubule length. Centrobin safeguards centriole distal end stability, especially in the compromised CEP350-/- cells, while the CEP350-FOP-WDR90 axis secures centriole integrity. This study identifies CEP350 as a guardian of the distal-end region of centrioles without having an impact on the proximal PCM part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Rojhat Karasu
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annett Neuner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Enrico Salvatore Atorino
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gislene Pereira
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,Center of Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,Correspondence to Elmar Schiebel:
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15
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Laporte MH, Bouhlel IB, Bertiaux E, Morrison CG, Giroud A, Borgers S, Azimzadeh J, Bornens M, Guichard P, Paoletti A, Hamel V. Human SFI1 and Centrin form a complex critical for centriole architecture and ciliogenesis. EMBO J 2022; 41:e112107. [PMID: 36125182 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the course of evolution, the centrosome function has been conserved in most eukaryotes, but its core architecture has evolved differently in some clades, with the presence of centrioles in humans and a spindle pole body (SPB) in yeast. Similarly, the composition of these two core elements has diverged, with the exception of Centrin and SFI1, which form a complex in yeast to initiate SPB duplication. However, it remains unclear whether this complex exists at centrioles and whether its function has been conserved. Here, using expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that human SFI1 is a centriolar protein that associates with a pool of Centrin at the distal end of the centriole. We also find that both proteins are recruited early during procentriole assembly and that depletion of SFI1 results in the loss of the distal pool of Centrin, without altering centriole duplication. Instead, we show that SFI1/Centrin complex is essential for centriolar architecture, CEP164 distribution, and CP110 removal during ciliogenesis. Together, our work reveals a conserved SFI1/Centrin module displaying divergent functions between mammals and yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine H Laporte
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Imène B Bouhlel
- Institut Curie, UMR 144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Eloïse Bertiaux
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ciaran G Morrison
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alexia Giroud
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Borgers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Michel Bornens
- Institut Curie, UMR 144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Paul Guichard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Paoletti
- Institut Curie, UMR 144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Hamel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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16
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Hibbard JVK, Vázquez N, Wallingford JB. Cilia proteins getting to work - how do they commute from the cytoplasm to the base of cilia? J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259444. [PMID: 36073764 PMCID: PMC9482345 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are multifunctional organelles that originated with the last eukaryotic common ancestor and play central roles in the life cycles of diverse organisms. The motile flagella that move single cells like sperm or unicellular organisms, the motile cilia on animal multiciliated cells that generate fluid flow in organs, and the immotile primary cilia that decorate nearly all cells in animals share many protein components in common, yet each also requires specialized proteins to perform their specialized functions. Despite a now-advanced understanding of how such proteins are transported within cilia, we still know very little about how they are transported from their sites of synthesis through the cytoplasm to the ciliary base. Here, we review the literature concerning this underappreciated topic in ciliary cell biology. We discuss both general mechanisms, as well as specific examples of motor-driven active transport and passive transport via diffusion-and-capture. We then provide deeper discussion of specific, illustrative examples, such as the diverse array of protein subunits that together comprise the intraflagellar transport (IFT) system and the multi-protein axonemal dynein motors that drive beating of motile cilia. We hope this Review will spur further work, shedding light not only on ciliogenesis and ciliary signaling, but also on intracellular transport in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John B. Wallingford
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78751, USA
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17
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Le Borgne P, Greibill L, Laporte MH, Lemullois M, Bouhouche K, Temagoult M, Rosnet O, Le Guennec M, Lignières L, Chevreux G, Koll F, Hamel V, Guichard P, Tassin AM. The evolutionary conserved proteins CEP90, FOPNL, and OFD1 recruit centriolar distal appendage proteins to initiate their assembly. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001782. [PMID: 36070319 PMCID: PMC9484695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoa, cilia assembly is a cellular process that starts with centriole to basal body maturation, migration to the cell surface, and docking to the plasma membrane. Basal body docking involves the interaction of both the distal end of the basal body and the transition fibers/distal appendages, with the plasma membrane. Mutations in numerous genes involved in basal body docking and transition zone assembly are associated with the most severe ciliopathies, highlighting the importance of these events in cilium biogenesis. In this context, the ciliate Paramecium has been widely used as a model system to study basal body and cilia assembly. However, despite the evolutionary conservation of cilia assembly events across phyla, whether the same molecular players are functionally conserved, is not fully known. Here, we demonstrated that CEP90, FOPNL, and OFD1 are evolutionary conserved proteins crucial for ciliogenesis. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we unveiled that these proteins localize at the distal end of both centrioles/basal bodies in Paramecium and mammalian cells. Moreover, we found that these proteins are recruited early during centriole duplication on the external surface of the procentriole. Functional analysis performed both in Paramecium and mammalian cells demonstrate the requirement of these proteins for distal appendage assembly and basal body docking. Finally, we show that mammalian centrioles require another component, Moonraker (MNR), to recruit OFD1, FOPNL, and CEP90, which will then recruit the distal appendage proteins CEP83, CEP89, and CEP164. Altogether, we propose that this OFD1, FOPNL, and CEP90 functional module is required to determine in mammalian cells the future position of distal appendage proteins. CEP90, FOPNL and OFD1 form an evolutionary conserved module which promotes the assembly of centriolar distal appendages. This study uses ultrastructure expansion microscopy to reveal the recruitment of this module on early-born procentrioles to in turn recruit centriolar distal appendage proteins, proposing that this dictates the future location of distal appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Le Borgne
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Logan Greibill
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marine Hélène Laporte
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Lemullois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Khaled Bouhouche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mebarek Temagoult
- Imagerie-Gif Light facility, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Rosnet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Maeva Le Guennec
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Lignières
- ProteoSeine@IJM, Université de Paris/CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Chevreux
- ProteoSeine@IJM, Université de Paris/CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - France Koll
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail:
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18
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Conformational Plasticity of Centrin 1 from Toxoplasma gondii in Binding to the Centrosomal Protein SFI1. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081115. [PMID: 36009009 PMCID: PMC9406199 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrins are calcium (Ca2+)-binding proteins that are involved in many cellular functions including centrosome regulation. A known cellular target of centrins is SFI1, a large centrosomal protein containing multiple repeats that represent centrin-binding motifs. Recently, a protein homologous to yeast and mammalian SFI1, denominated TgSFI1, which shares SFI1-repeat organization, was shown to colocalize at centrosomes with centrin 1 from Toxoplasma gondii (TgCEN1). However, the molecular details of the interaction between TgCEN1 and TgSFI1 remain largely unknown. Herein, combining different biophysical methods, including isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy, we determined the binding properties of TgCEN1 and its individual N- and C-terminal domains to synthetic peptides derived from distinct repeats of TgSFI1. Overall, our data indicate that the repeats in TgSFI1 constitute binding sites for TgCEN1, but the binding modes of TgCEN1 to the repeats differ appreciably in terms of binding affinity, Ca2+ sensitivity, and lobe-specific interaction. These results suggest that TgCEN1 displays remarkable conformational plasticity, allowing for the distinct repeats in TgSFI1 to possess precise modes of TgCEN1 binding and regulation during Ca2+ sensing, which appears to be crucial for the dynamic association of TgCEN1 with TgSFI1 in the centrosome architecture.
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Role of Primary Cilia in Skeletal Disorders. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:6063423. [PMID: 35761830 PMCID: PMC9233574 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6063423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are highly conserved microtubule-based organelles that project from the cell surface into the extracellular environment and play important roles in mechanosensation, mechanotransduction, polarity maintenance, and cell behaviors during organ development and pathological changes. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins are essential for cilium formation and function. The skeletal system consists of bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, providing support, stability, and movement to the body. Great progress has been achieved in primary cilia and skeletal disorders in recent decades. Increasing evidence suggests that cells with cilium defects in the skeletal system can cause numerous human diseases. Moreover, specific deletion of ciliary proteins in skeletal tissues with different Cre mice resulted in diverse malformations, suggesting that primary cilia are involved in the development of skeletal diseases. In addition, the intact of primary cilium is essential to osteogenic/chondrogenic induction of mesenchymal stem cells, regarded as a promising target for clinical intervention for skeletal disorders. In this review, we summarized the role of primary cilia and ciliary proteins in the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases, including osteoporosis, bone/cartilage tumor, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, spine scoliosis, and other cilium-related skeletal diseases, and highlighted their promising treatment methods, including using mesenchymal stem cells. Our review tries to present evidence for primary cilium as a promising target for clinical intervention for skeletal diseases.
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Tkach JM, Philip R, Sharma A, Strecker J, Durocher D, Pelletier L. Global cellular response to chemical perturbation of PLK4 activity and abnormal centrosome number. eLife 2022; 11:73944. [PMID: 35758262 PMCID: PMC9236612 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes act as the main microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in metazoans. Centrosome number is tightly regulated by limiting centriole duplication to a single round per cell cycle. This control is achieved by multiple mechanisms, including the regulation of the protein kinase PLK4, the most upstream facilitator of centriole duplication. Altered centrosome numbers in mouse and human cells cause p53-dependent growth arrest through poorly defined mechanisms. Recent work has shown that the E3 ligase TRIM37 is required for cell cycle arrest in acentrosomal cells. To gain additional insights into this process, we undertook a series of genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens to identify factors important for growth arrest triggered by treatment with centrinone B, a selective PLK4 inhibitor. We found that TRIM37 is a key mediator of growth arrest after partial or full PLK4 inhibition. Interestingly, PLK4 cellular mobility decreased in a dose-dependent manner after centrinone B treatment. In contrast to recent work, we found that growth arrest after PLK4 inhibition correlated better with PLK4 activity than with mitotic length or centrosome number. These data provide insights into the global response to changes in centrosome number and PLK4 activity and extend the role for TRIM37 in regulating the abundance, localization, and function of centrosome proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny M Tkach
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reuben Philip
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Amit Sharma
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathan Strecker
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel Durocher
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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21
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Vásquez-Limeta A, Lukasik K, Kong D, Sullenberger C, Luvsanjav D, Sahabandu N, Chari R, Loncarek J. CPAP insufficiency leads to incomplete centrioles that duplicate but fragment. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213119. [PMID: 35404385 PMCID: PMC9007748 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202108018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are structures that assemble centrosomes. CPAP is critical for centrosome assembly, and its mutations are found in patients with diseases such as primary microcephaly. CPAP’s centrosomal localization, its dynamics, and the consequences of its insufficiency in human cells are poorly understood. Here we use human cells genetically engineered for fast degradation of CPAP, in combination with superresolution microscopy, to address these uncertainties. We show that three independent centrosomal CPAP populations are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle. We confirm that CPAP is critical for assembly of human centrioles, but not for recruitment of pericentriolar material on already assembled centrioles. Further, we reveal that CPAP insufficiency leads to centrioles with incomplete microtubule triplets that can convert to centrosomes, duplicate, and form mitotic spindle poles, but fragment owing to loss of cohesion between microtubule blades. These findings further our basic understanding of the role of CPAP in centrosome biogenesis and help understand how CPAP aberrations can lead to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vásquez-Limeta
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Kimberly Lukasik
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Dong Kong
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Catherine Sullenberger
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Delgermaa Luvsanjav
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Natalie Sahabandu
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Raj Chari
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Jadranka Loncarek
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
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22
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Gaudin N, Martin Gil P, Boumendjel M, Ershov D, Pioche-Durieu C, Bouix M, Delobelle Q, Maniscalco L, Phan TBN, Heyer V, Reina-San-Martin B, Azimzadeh J. Evolutionary conservation of centriole rotational asymmetry in the human centrosome. eLife 2022; 11:72382. [PMID: 35319462 PMCID: PMC8983040 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are formed by microtubule triplets in a nine-fold symmetric arrangement. In flagellated protists and in animal multiciliated cells, accessory structures tethered to specific triplets render the centrioles rotationally asymmetric, a property that is key to cytoskeletal and cellular organization in these contexts. In contrast, centrioles within the centrosome of animal cells display no conspicuous rotational asymmetry. Here, we uncover rotationally asymmetric molecular features in human centrioles. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we show that LRRCC1, the ortholog of a protein originally characterized in flagellate green algae, associates preferentially to two consecutive triplets in the distal lumen of human centrioles. LRRCC1 partially co-localizes and affects the recruitment of another distal component, C2CD3, which also has an asymmetric localization pattern in the centriole lumen. Together, LRRCC1 and C2CD3 delineate a structure reminiscent of a filamentous density observed by electron microscopy in flagellates, termed the 'acorn'. Functionally, the depletion of LRRCC1 in human cells induced defects in centriole structure, ciliary assembly and ciliary signaling, supporting that LRRCC1 cooperates with C2CD3 to organizing the distal region of centrioles. Since a mutation in the LRRCC1 gene has been identified in Joubert syndrome patients, this finding is relevant in the context of human ciliopathies. Taken together, our results demonstrate that rotational asymmetry is an ancient property of centrioles that is broadly conserved in human cells. Our work also reveals that asymmetrically localized proteins are key for primary ciliogenesis and ciliary signaling in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dmitry Ershov
- Département Biologie Computationnelle, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, France, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vincent Heyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Ilkirch, France
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23
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Estrogens—Origin of Centrosome Defects in Human Cancer? Cells 2022; 11:cells11030432. [PMID: 35159242 PMCID: PMC8833882 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are associated with a variety of diseases and play important roles in tumor development and progression. Centrosome defects are hallmarks of human cancers and contribute to ongoing chromosome missegragation and aneuploidy that manifest in genomic instability and tumor progression. Although several mechanisms underlie the etiology of centrosome aberrations in human cancer, upstream regulators are hardly known. Accumulating experimental and clinical evidence points to an important role of estrogens in deregulating centrosome homeostasis and promoting karyotype instability. Here, we will summarize existing literature of how natural and synthetic estrogens might contribute to structural and numerical centrosome defects, genomic instability and human carcinogenesis.
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24
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Tian Y, Yan Y, Fu J. Nine-fold symmetry of centriole: The joint efforts of its core proteins. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100262. [PMID: 34997615 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The centriole is a widely conserved organelle required for the assembly of centrosomes, cilia, and flagella. Its striking feature - the nine-fold symmetrical structure, was discovered over 70 years ago by transmission electron microscopy, and since elaborated mostly by cryo-electron microscopy and super-resolution microscopy. Here, we review the discoveries that led to the current understanding of how the nine-fold symmetrical structure is built. We focus on the recent findings of the centriole structure in high resolution, its assembly pathways, and its nine-fold distributed components. We propose a model that the assembly of the nine-fold symmetrical centriole depends on the concerted efforts of its core proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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25
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Structural Basis for the Functional Diversity of Centrins: A Focus on Calcium Sensing Properties and Target Recognition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212173. [PMID: 34830049 PMCID: PMC8622359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrins are a family of small, EF hand-containing proteins that are found in all eukaryotes and are often complexed with centrosome-related structures. Since their discovery, centrins have attracted increasing interest due to their multiple, diverse cellular functions. Centrins are similar to calmodulin (CaM) in size, structure and domain organization, although in contrast to CaM, the majority of centrins possess at least one calcium (Ca2+) binding site that is non-functional, thus displaying large variance in Ca2+ sensing abilities that could support their functional versatility. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on centrins from both biophysical and structural perspectives with an emphasis on centrin-target interactions. In-depth analysis of the Ca2+ sensing properties of centrins and structures of centrins complexed with target proteins can provide useful insight into the mechanisms of the different functions of centrins and how these proteins contribute to the complexity of the Ca2+ signaling cascade. Moreover, it can help to better understand the functional redundancy of centrin isoforms and centrin-binding proteins.
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26
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Schweizer N, Haren L, Dutto I, Viais R, Lacasa C, Merdes A, Lüders J. Sub-centrosomal mapping identifies augmin-γTuRC as part of a centriole-stabilizing scaffold. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6042. [PMID: 34654813 PMCID: PMC8519919 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriole biogenesis and maintenance are crucial for cells to generate cilia and assemble centrosomes that function as microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). Centriole biogenesis and MTOC function both require the microtubule nucleator γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC). It is widely accepted that γTuRC nucleates microtubules from the pericentriolar material that is associated with the proximal part of centrioles. However, γTuRC also localizes more distally and in the centriole lumen, but the significance of these findings is unclear. Here we identify spatially and functionally distinct subpopulations of centrosomal γTuRC. Luminal localization is mediated by augmin, which is linked to the centriole inner scaffold through POC5. Disruption of luminal localization impairs centriole integrity and interferes with cilium assembly. Defective ciliogenesis is also observed in γTuRC mutant fibroblasts from a patient suffering from microcephaly with chorioretinopathy. These results identify a non-canonical role of augmin-γTuRC in the centriole lumen that is linked to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schweizer
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurence Haren
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS-Université Toulouse III, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Ilaria Dutto
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Viais
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Lacasa
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Merdes
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS-Université Toulouse III, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Jens Lüders
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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27
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Stemm-Wolf AJ, O’Toole ET, Sheridan RM, Morgan JT, Pearson CG. The SON RNA splicing factor is required for intracellular trafficking structures that promote centriole assembly and ciliogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar4. [PMID: 34406792 PMCID: PMC8684746 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-06-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of centrosome assembly is critical for cell division, intracellular trafficking, and cilia. Regulation of centrosome number occurs through the precise duplication of centrioles that reside in centrosomes. Here we explored transcriptional control of centriole assembly and find that the RNA splicing factor SON is specifically required for completing procentriole assembly. Whole genome mRNA sequencing identified genes whose splicing and expression are affected by the reduction of SON, with an enrichment in genes involved in the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton, centrosome, and centriolar satellites. SON is required for the proper splicing and expression of CEP131, which encodes a major centriolar satellite protein and is required to organize the trafficking and MT network around the centrosomes. This study highlights the importance of the distinct MT trafficking network that is intimately associated with nascent centrioles and is responsible for procentriole development and efficient ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Ryan M. Sheridan
- RNA Biosciences Initiative (RBI), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Jacob T. Morgan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Chad G. Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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28
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Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based cylindrical structures that assemble the centrosome and template the formation of cilia. The proximal part of centrioles is associated with the pericentriolar material, a protein scaffold from which microtubules are nucleated. This activity is mediated by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) whose central role in centrosomal microtubule organization has been recognized for decades. However, accumulating evidence suggests that γTuRC activity at this organelle is neither restricted to the pericentriolar material nor limited to microtubule nucleation. Instead, γTuRC is found along the entire centriole cylinder, at subdistal appendages, and inside the centriole lumen, where its canonical function as a microtubule nucleator might be supplemented or replaced by a function in microtubule anchoring and centriole stabilization, respectively. In this Opinion, we discuss recent insights into the expanded repertoire of γTuRC activities at centrioles and how distinct subpopulations of γTuRC might act in concert to ensure centrosome and cilia biogenesis and function, ultimately supporting cell proliferation, differentiation and homeostasis. We propose that the classical view of centrosomal γTuRC as a pericentriolar material-associated microtubule nucleator needs to be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schweizer
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Lüders
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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29
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The interplay of self-assembly and target binding in centrin 1 from Toxoplasma gondii. Biochem J 2021; 478:2571-2587. [PMID: 34114596 PMCID: PMC8286830 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Centrins are conserved calcium (Ca2+)-binding proteins typically associated with centrosomes that have been implicated in several biological processes. In Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, three centrin isoforms have been recognized. We have recently characterized the metal binding and structural features of isoform 1 (TgCEN1), demonstrating that it possesses properties consistent with a role as a Ca2+ sensor and displays a Ca2+-dependent tendency to self-assemble. Herein, we expanded our studies, focusing on the self-association and target binding properties of TgCEN1 by combining biophysical techniques including dynamic light scattering, isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy. We found that the self-assembly process of TgCEN1 depends on different physicochemical factors, including Ca2+ concentration, temperature, and protein concentration, and is mediated by both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. The process is completely abolished upon removal of the first 21-residues of the protein and is significantly reduced in the presence of a binding target peptide derived from the human XPC protein (P17-XPC). Titration of P17-XPC to the intact protein and isolated domains showed that TgCEN1 possesses two binding sites with distinct affinities and Ca2+ sensitivity; a high-affinity site in the C-lobe which may be constitutively bound to the peptide and a low-affinity site in the N-lobe which is active only upon Ca2+ stimulus. Overall, our results suggest a specific mechanism of TgCEN1 for Ca2+-modulated target binding and support a N-to-C self-assembly mode, in which the first 21-residues of one molecule likely interact with the C-lobe of the other.
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30
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Prevalence of POC5 Coding Variants in French-Canadian and British AIS Cohort. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071032. [PMID: 34356048 PMCID: PMC8306370 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex common disorder of multifactorial etiology defined by a deviation of the spine in three dimensions that affects approximately 2% to 4% of adolescents. Risk factors include other affected family members, suggesting a genetic component to the disease. The POC5 gene was identified as one of the first ciliary candidate genes for AIS, as three variants were identified in large families with multiple members affected with idiopathic scoliosis. To assess the prevalence of p.(A429V), p.(A446T), and p.(A455P) POC5 variants in patients with AIS, we used next-generation sequencing in our cohort of French-Canadian and British families and sporadic cases. Our study highlighted a prevalence of 13% for POC5 variants, 7.5% for p.(A429V), and 6.4% for p.(A446T). These results suggest a higher prevalence of the aforementioned POC5 coding variants in patients with AIS compared to the general population.
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Wei H, Ma W, Lu X, Liu H, Lin K, Wang Y, Ye Z, Sun L, Huang Z, Pan T, Zhou Z, Cheng EY, Zhang H, Gao P, Zhong X. KDELR2 promotes breast cancer proliferation via HDAC3-mediated cell cycle progression. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:904-920. [PMID: 34146461 PMCID: PMC8441056 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) engage in the regulation of various cellular processes by controlling global gene expression. The dysregulation of HDACs leads to carcinogenesis, making HDACs ideal targets for cancer therapy. However, the use of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) as single agents has been shown to have limited success in treating solid tumors in clinical studies. This study aimed to identify a novel downstream effector of HDACs to provide a potential target for combination therapy. Methods Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to screen for genes responsive to HDACi in breast cancer cells. The effects of HDACi on cell viability were detected using the MTT assay. The mRNA and protein levels of genes were determined by quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blotting. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The binding of CREB1 (cAMP‐response element binding protein 1) to the promoter of the KDELR (The KDEL (Lys‐Asp‐Glu‐Leu) receptor) gene was validated by the ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation assay). The association between KDELR2 and protein of centriole 5 (POC5) was detected by immunoprecipitation. A breast cancer‐bearing mouse model was employed to analyze the effect of the HDAC3‐KDELR2 axis on tumor growth. Results KDELR2 was identified as a novel target of HDAC3, and its aberrant expression indicated the poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. We found a strong correlation between the protein expression patterns of HADC3 and KDELR2 in tumor tissues from breast cancer patients. The results of the ChIP assay and qRT‐PCR analysis validated that HDAC3 transactivated KDELR2 via CREB1. The HDAC3‐KDELR2 axis accelerated the cell cycle progression of cancer cells by protecting the centrosomal protein POC5 from proteasomal degradation. Moreover, the HDAC3‐KDELR2 axis promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our results uncovered a previously unappreciated function of KDELR2 in tumorigenesis, linking a critical Golgi‐the endoplasmic reticulum traffic transport protein to HDAC‐controlled cell cycle progression on the path of cancer development and thus revealing a potential therapeutical target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Kashuai Lin
- School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Ye
- School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Linchong Sun
- School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhitong Huang
- School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Eric Y Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 76107, USA
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Ping Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China.,School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiuying Zhong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China.,School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
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32
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Stathatos GG, Dunleavy JEM, Zenker J, O'Bryan MK. Delta and epsilon tubulin in mammalian development. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:774-787. [PMID: 33867233 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Delta (δ-) and epsilon (ε-) tubulin are lesser-known cousins of alpha (α-) and beta (β-) tubulin. They are likely to regulate centriole function in a broad range of species; however, their in vivo role and mechanism of action in mammals remain mysterious. In unicellular species and mammalian cell lines, mutations in δ- and ε-tubulin cause centriole destabilization and atypical mitosis and, in the most severe cases, cell death. Beyond the centriole, δ- and ε-tubulin localize to the manchette during murine spermatogenesis and interact with katanin-like 2 (KATNAL2), a protein with microtubule (MT)-severing properties, indicative of novel non-centriolar functions. Herein we summarize the current knowledge surrounding δ- and ε-tubulin, identify pathways for future research, and highlight how and why spermatogenesis and embryogenesis are ideal systems to define δ- and ε-tubulin function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gemma Stathatos
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jessica E M Dunleavy
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jennifer Zenker
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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33
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Ito KK, Watanabe K, Ishida H, Matsuhashi K, Chinen T, Hata S, Kitagawa D. Cep57 and Cep57L1 maintain centriole engagement in interphase to ensure centriole duplication cycle. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202005153. [PMID: 33492359 PMCID: PMC7836272 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202005153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles duplicate in interphase only once per cell cycle. Newly formed centrioles remain associated with their mother centrioles. The two centrioles disengage at the end of mitosis, which licenses centriole duplication in the next cell cycle. Therefore, timely centriole disengagement is critical for the proper centriole duplication cycle. However, the mechanisms underlying centriole engagement during interphase are poorly understood. Here, we show that Cep57 and Cep57L1 cooperatively maintain centriole engagement during interphase. Codepletion of Cep57 and Cep57L1 induces precocious centriole disengagement in interphase without compromising cell cycle progression. The disengaged daughter centrioles convert into centrosomes during interphase in a Plk1-dependent manner. Furthermore, the centrioles reduplicate and the centriole number increases, which results in chromosome segregation errors. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the maintenance of centriole engagement by Cep57 and Cep57L1 during interphase is crucial for the tight control of centriole copy number and thus for proper chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei K. Ito
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koki Watanabe
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Ishida
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuhashi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Chinen
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Hata
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiju Kitagawa
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Balestra FR, Domínguez-Calvo A, Wolf B, Busso C, Buff A, Averink T, Lipsanen-Nyman M, Huertas P, Ríos RM, Gönczy P. TRIM37 prevents formation of centriolar protein assemblies by regulating Centrobin. eLife 2021; 10:62640. [PMID: 33491649 PMCID: PMC7870141 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM37 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase mutated in Mulibrey nanism, a disease with impaired organ growth and increased tumor formation. TRIM37 depletion from tissue culture cells results in supernumerary foci bearing the centriolar protein Centrin. Here, we characterize these centriolar protein assemblies (Cenpas) to uncover the mechanism of action of TRIM37. We find that an atypical de novo assembly pathway can generate Cenpas that act as microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs), including in Mulibrey patient cells. Correlative light electron microscopy reveals that Cenpas are centriole-related or electron-dense structures with stripes. TRIM37 regulates the stability and solubility of Centrobin, which accumulates in elongated entities resembling the striped electron dense structures upon TRIM37 depletion. Furthermore, Cenpas formation upon TRIM37 depletion requires PLK4, as well as two parallel pathways relying respectively on Centrobin and PLK1. Overall, our work uncovers how TRIM37 prevents Cenpas formation, which would otherwise threaten genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando R Balestra
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Andrés Domínguez-Calvo
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Benita Wolf
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Coralie Busso
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alizée Buff
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tessa Averink
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marita Lipsanen-Nyman
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pablo Huertas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa M Ríos
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pierre Gönczy
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Jean F, Stuart A, Tarailo-Graovac M. Dissecting the Genetic and Etiological Causes of Primary Microcephaly. Front Neurol 2020; 11:570830. [PMID: 33178111 PMCID: PMC7593518 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.570830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH; “small head syndrome”) is a rare, heterogeneous disease arising from the decreased production of neurons during brain development. As of August 2020, the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database lists 25 genes (involved in molecular processes such as centriole biogenesis, microtubule dynamics, spindle positioning, DNA repair, transcriptional regulation, Wnt signaling, and cell cycle checkpoints) that are implicated in causing MCPH. Many of these 25 genes were only discovered in the last 10 years following advances in exome and genome sequencing that have improved our ability to identify disease-causing variants. Despite these advances, many patients still lack a genetic diagnosis. This demonstrates a need to understand in greater detail the molecular mechanisms and genetics underlying MCPH. Here, we briefly review the molecular functions of each MCPH gene and how their loss disrupts the neurogenesis program, ultimately demonstrating that microcephaly arises from cell cycle dysregulation. We also explore the current issues in the genetic basis and clinical presentation of MCPH as additional avenues of improving gene/variant prioritization. Ultimately, we illustrate that the detailed exploration of the etiology and inheritance of MCPH improves the predictive power in identifying previously unknown MCPH candidates and diagnosing microcephalic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Jean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amanda Stuart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Maja Tarailo-Graovac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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36
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Principal Postulates of Centrosomal Biology. Version 2020. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102156. [PMID: 32987651 PMCID: PMC7598677 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome, which consists of two centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material, is a unique structure that has retained its main features in organisms of various taxonomic groups from unicellular algae to mammals over one billion years of evolution. In addition to the most noticeable function of organizing the microtubule system in mitosis and interphase, the centrosome performs many other cell functions. In particular, centrioles are the basis for the formation of sensitive primary cilia and motile cilia and flagella. Another principal function of centrosomes is the concentration in one place of regulatory proteins responsible for the cell's progression along the cell cycle. Despite the existing exceptions, the functioning of the centrosome is subject to general principles, which are discussed in this review.
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37
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Steib E, Laporte MH, Gambarotto D, Olieric N, Zheng C, Borgers S, Olieric V, Le Guennec M, Koll F, Tassin AM, Steinmetz MO, Guichard P, Hamel V. WDR90 is a centriolar microtubule wall protein important for centriole architecture integrity. eLife 2020; 9:57205. [PMID: 32946374 PMCID: PMC7500955 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are characterized by a nine-fold arrangement of microtubule triplets held together by an inner protein scaffold. These structurally robust organelles experience strenuous cellular processes such as cell division or ciliary beating while performing their function. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stability of microtubule triplets, as well as centriole architectural integrity remain poorly understood. Here, using ultrastructure expansion microscopy for nanoscale protein mapping, we reveal that POC16 and its human homolog WDR90 are components of the microtubule wall along the central core region of the centriole. We further found that WDR90 is an evolutionary microtubule associated protein. Finally, we demonstrate that WDR90 depletion impairs the localization of inner scaffold components, leading to centriole structural abnormalities in human cells. Altogether, this work highlights that WDR90 is an evolutionary conserved molecular player participating in centriole architecture integrity. Cells are made up of compartments called organelles that perform specific roles. A cylindrical organelle called the centriole is important for a number of cellular processes, ranging from cell division to movement and signaling. Each centriole contains nine blades made up of protein filaments called microtubules, which link together to form a cylinder. This well-known structure can be found in a variety of different species. Yet, it is unclear how centrioles are able to maintain this stable architecture whilst carrying out their various different cell roles. In early 2020, a group of researchers discovered a scaffold protein at the center of centrioles that helps keep the microtubule blades stable. Further investigation suggested that another protein called WDR90 may also help centrioles sustain their cylindrical shape. However, the exact role of this protein was poorly understood. To determine the role of WDR90, Steib et al. – including many of the researchers involved in the 2020 study – used a method called Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy to precisely locate the WDR90 protein in centrioles. This revealed that WDR90 is located on the microtubule wall of centrioles in green algae and human cells grown in the lab. Further experiments showed that the protein binds directly to microtubules and that removing WDR90 from human cells causes centrioles to lose their scaffold proteins and develop structural defects. This investigation provides fundamental insights into the structure and stability of centrioles. It shows that single proteins are key components in supporting the structural integrity of organelles and shaping their overall architecture. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate how ultrastructure expansion microscopy can be used to determine the role of individual proteins within a complex structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Steib
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marine H Laporte
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Davide Gambarotto
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Olieric
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Celine Zheng
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Borgers
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Maeva Le Guennec
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - France Koll
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Michel O Steinmetz
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland.,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
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38
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SAC3B is a target of CML19, the centrin 2 of Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem J 2020; 477:173-189. [PMID: 31860002 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis centrin 2, also known as calmodulin-like protein 19 (CML19), is a member of the EF-hand superfamily of calcium (Ca2+)-binding proteins. In addition to the notion that CML19 interacts with the nucleotide excision repair protein RAD4, CML19 was suggested to be a component of the transcription export complex 2 (TREX-2) by interacting with SAC3B. However, the molecular determinants of this interaction have remained largely unknown. Herein, we identified a CML19-binding site within the C-terminus of SAC3B and characterized the binding properties of the corresponding 26-residue peptide (SAC3Bp), which exhibits the hydrophobic triad centrin-binding motif in a reversed orientation (I8W4W1). Using a combination of spectroscopic and calorimetric experiments, we shed light on the SAC3Bp-CML19 complex structure in solution. We demonstrated that the peptide interacts not only with Ca2+-saturated CML19, but also with apo-CML19 to form a protein-peptide complex with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. Both interactions involve hydrophobic and electrostatic contributions and include the burial of Trp residues of SAC3Bp. However, the peptide likely assumes different conformations upon binding to apo-CML19 or Ca2+-CML19. Importantly, the peptide dramatically increases the affinity for Ca2+ of CML19, especially of the C-lobe, suggesting that in vivo the protein would be Ca2+-saturated and bound to SAC3B even at resting Ca2+-levels. Our results, providing direct evidence that Arabidopsis SAC3B is a CML19 target and proposing that CML19 can bind to SAC3B through its C-lobe independent of a Ca2+ stimulus, support a functional role for these proteins in TREX-2 complex and mRNA export.
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39
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Wigington CP, Roy J, Damle NP, Yadav VK, Blikstad C, Resch E, Wong CJ, Mackay DR, Wang JT, Krystkowiak I, Bradburn DA, Tsekitsidou E, Hong SH, Kaderali MA, Xu SL, Stearns T, Gingras AC, Ullman KS, Ivarsson Y, Davey NE, Cyert MS. Systematic Discovery of Short Linear Motifs Decodes Calcineurin Phosphatase Signaling. Mol Cell 2020; 79:342-358.e12. [PMID: 32645368 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Short linear motifs (SLiMs) drive dynamic protein-protein interactions essential for signaling, but sequence degeneracy and low binding affinities make them difficult to identify. We harnessed unbiased systematic approaches for SLiM discovery to elucidate the regulatory network of calcineurin (CN)/PP2B, the Ca2+-activated phosphatase that recognizes LxVP and PxIxIT motifs. In vitro proteome-wide detection of CN-binding peptides, in vivo SLiM-dependent proximity labeling, and in silico modeling of motif determinants uncovered unanticipated CN interactors, including NOTCH1, which we establish as a CN substrate. Unexpectedly, CN shows SLiM-dependent proximity to centrosomal and nuclear pore complex (NPC) proteins-structures where Ca2+ signaling is largely uncharacterized. CN dephosphorylates human and yeast NPC proteins and promotes accumulation of a nuclear transport reporter, suggesting conserved NPC regulation by CN. The CN network assembled here provides a resource to investigate Ca2+ and CN signaling and demonstrates synergy between experimental and computational methods, establishing a blueprint for examining SLiM-based networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagoree Roy
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil P Damle
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vikash K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Blikstad
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eduard Resch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Cassandra J Wong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas R Mackay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jennifer T Wang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Izabella Krystkowiak
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | | | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Malika Amyn Kaderali
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shou-Ling Xu
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tim Stearns
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3H7 ON, Canada
| | - Katharine S Ullman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ylva Ivarsson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Norman E Davey
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fullham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Martha S Cyert
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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40
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Sullenberger C, Vasquez-Limeta A, Kong D, Loncarek J. With Age Comes Maturity: Biochemical and Structural Transformation of a Human Centriole in the Making. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061429. [PMID: 32526902 PMCID: PMC7349492 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based cellular structures present in most human cells that build centrosomes and cilia. Proliferating cells have only two centrosomes and this number is stringently maintained through the temporally and spatially controlled processes of centriole assembly and segregation. The assembly of new centrioles begins in early S phase and ends in the third G1 phase from their initiation. This lengthy process of centriole assembly from their initiation to their maturation is characterized by numerous structural and still poorly understood biochemical changes, which occur in synchrony with the progression of cells through three consecutive cell cycles. As a result, proliferating cells contain three structurally, biochemically, and functionally distinct types of centrioles: procentrioles, daughter centrioles, and mother centrioles. This age difference is critical for proper centrosome and cilia function. Here we discuss the centriole assembly process as it occurs in somatic cycling human cells with a focus on the structural, biochemical, and functional characteristics of centrioles of different ages.
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41
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Heydeck W, Bayless BA, Stemm-Wolf AJ, O'Toole ET, Fabritius AS, Ozzello C, Nguyen M, Winey M. Tetrahymena Poc5 is a transient basal body component that is important for basal body maturation. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.240838. [PMID: 32350068 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.240838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal bodies (BBs) are microtubule-based organelles that act as a template for and stabilize cilia at the cell surface. Centrins ubiquitously associate with BBs and function in BB assembly, maturation and stability. Human POC5 (hPOC5) is a highly conserved centrin-binding protein that binds centrins through Sfi1p-like repeats and is required for building full-length, mature centrioles. Here, we use the BB-rich cytoskeleton of Tetrahymena thermophila to characterize Poc5 BB functions. Tetrahymena Poc5 (TtPoc5) uniquely incorporates into assembling BBs and is then removed from mature BBs prior to ciliogenesis. Complete genomic knockout of TtPOC5 leads to a significantly increased production of BBs, yet a markedly reduced ciliary density, both of which are rescued by reintroduction of TtPoc5. A second Tetrahymena POC5-like gene, SFR1, is similarly implicated in modulating BB production. When TtPOC5 and SFR1 are co-deleted, cell viability is compromised and BB overproduction is exacerbated. Overproduced BBs display defective transition zone formation and a diminished capacity for ciliogenesis. This study uncovers a requirement for Poc5 in building mature BBs, providing a possible functional link between hPOC5 mutations and impaired cilia.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Westley Heydeck
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Brian A Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alexander J Stemm-Wolf
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eileen T O'Toole
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Amy S Fabritius
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Courtney Ozzello
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Marina Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mark Winey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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42
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Le Guennec M, Klena N, Gambarotto D, Laporte MH, Tassin AM, van den Hoek H, Erdmann PS, Schaffer M, Kovacik L, Borgers S, Goldie KN, Stahlberg H, Bornens M, Azimzadeh J, Engel BD, Hamel V, Guichard P. A helical inner scaffold provides a structural basis for centriole cohesion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz4137. [PMID: 32110738 PMCID: PMC7021493 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz4137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The ninefold radial arrangement of microtubule triplets (MTTs) is the hallmark of the centriole, a conserved organelle crucial for the formation of centrosomes and cilia. Although strong cohesion between MTTs is critical to resist forces applied by ciliary beating and the mitotic spindle, how the centriole maintains its structural integrity is not known. Using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging of centrioles from four evolutionarily distant species, we found that MTTs are bound together by a helical inner scaffold covering ~70% of the centriole length that maintains MTTs cohesion under compressive forces. Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy (U-ExM) indicated that POC5, POC1B, FAM161A, and Centrin-2 localize to the scaffold structure along the inner wall of the centriole MTTs. Moreover, we established that these four proteins interact with each other to form a complex that binds microtubules. Together, our results provide a structural and molecular basis for centriole cohesion and geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeva Le Guennec
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai Klena
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Davide Gambarotto
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marine H. Laporte
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugo van den Hoek
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philipp S. Erdmann
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Miroslava Schaffer
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lubomir Kovacik
- Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics (C-CINA), Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Borgers
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kenneth N. Goldie
- Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics (C-CINA), Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Henning Stahlberg
- Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics (C-CINA), Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Michel Bornens
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS-UMR 144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Azimzadeh
- Université de Paris, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin D. Engel
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Corresponding author. (B.D.E.); (V.H.); (P.G.)
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. (B.D.E.); (V.H.); (P.G.)
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. (B.D.E.); (V.H.); (P.G.)
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43
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Bornens M. A moment at the cell centre. Biol Cell 2019; 111:294-307. [PMID: 31621092 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201900068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
I have been invited by the board of the French Society of Cell Biology (SBCF) to write a text around my presentation in the Symposium 'A day at the Cell Centre', held at the Curie Institute on May 17, 2019, and organized by four of my former students, namely Juliette Azimzadeh, Nathalie Delgehyr, Matthieu Piel and Manuel Théry. I have to thank them warmly for the quality of the science during this day. It was also a moving day for me indeed to listen to so many figures in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Bornens
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Paris, France
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44
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Khouj EM, Prosser SL, Tada H, Chong WM, Liao JC, Sugasawa K, Morrison CG. Differential requirements for the EF-hand domains of human centrin 2 in primary ciliogenesis and nucleotide excision repair. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228486. [PMID: 31492759 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrin 2 is a small conserved calcium-binding protein that localizes to the centriolar distal lumen in human cells. It is required for efficient primary ciliogenesis and nucleotide excision repair (NER). Centrin 2 forms part of the xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein complex. To explore how centrin 2 contributes to these distinct processes, we mutated the four calcium-binding EF-hand domains of human centrin 2. Centrin 2 in which all four EF-hands had been mutated to ablate calcium binding (4DA mutant) was capable of supporting in vitro NER and was as effective as the wild-type protein in rescuing the UV sensitivity of centrin 2-null cells. However, we found that mutation of any of the EF-hand domains impaired primary ciliogenesis in human TERT-RPE1 cells to the same extent as deletion of centrin 2. Phenotypic analysis of the 4DA mutant revealed defects in centrosome localization, centriole satellite assembly, ciliary assembly and function and in interactions with POC5 and SFI1. These observations indicate that centrin 2 requires calcium-binding capacity for its primary ciliogenesis functions, but not for NER, and suggest that these functions require centrin 2 to be capable of forming complexes with partner proteins.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtissal M Khouj
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Suzanna L Prosser
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Haruto Tada
- Biosignal Research Center, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.,Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Weng Man Chong
- IAMS Academia Sinica, No 1 Roosevelt Rd Sec 4, 10617 Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chi Liao
- IAMS Academia Sinica, No 1 Roosevelt Rd Sec 4, 10617 Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kaoru Sugasawa
- Biosignal Research Center, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.,Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ciaran G Morrison
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
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45
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Wolf B, Busso C, Gönczy P. Live imaging screen reveals that TYRO3 and GAK ensure accurate spindle positioning in human cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2859. [PMID: 31253758 PMCID: PMC6599018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper spindle positioning is crucial for spatial cell division control. Spindle positioning in human cells relies on a ternary complex comprising Gαi1-3, LGN and NuMA, which anchors dynein at the cell cortex, thus enabling pulling forces to be exerted on astral microtubules. We develop a live imaging siRNA-based screen using stereotyped fibronectin micropatterns to uncover components modulating spindle positioning in human cells, testing 1280 genes, including all kinases and phosphatases. We thus discover 16 components whose inactivation dramatically perturbs spindle positioning, including tyrosine receptor kinase 3 (TYRO3) and cyclin G associated kinase (GAK). TYRO3 depletion results in excess NuMA and dynein at the cortex during metaphase, similar to the effect of blocking the TYRO3 downstream target phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Furthermore, depletion of GAK leads to impaired astral microtubules, similar to the effect of downregulating the GAK-interactor Clathrin. Overall, our work uncovers components and mechanisms governing spindle positioning in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita Wolf
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Coralie Busso
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Gönczy
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Tsai JJ, Hsu WB, Liu JH, Chang CW, Tang TK. CEP120 interacts with C2CD3 and Talpid3 and is required for centriole appendage assembly and ciliogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6037. [PMID: 30988386 PMCID: PMC6465297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomal protein 120 (CEP120) was originally identified as a daughter centriole-enriched protein that participates in centriole elongation. Recent studies showed that CEP120 gene mutations cause complex ciliopathy phenotypes in humans, including Joubert syndrome and Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, suggesting that CEP120 plays an additional role in ciliogenesis. To investigate the potential roles of CEP120 in centriole elongation and cilia formation, we knocked out the CEP120 gene in p53-deficient RPE1 cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system, and performed various analyses. We herein report that loss of CEP120 produces short centrioles with no apparent distal and subdistal appendages. CEP120 knockout was also associated with defective centriole elongation, impaired recruitment of C2CD3 and Talpid3 to the distal ends of centrioles, and consequent defects in centriole appendage assembly and cilia formation. Interestingly, wild-type CEP120 interacts with C2CD3 and Talpid3, whereas a disease-associated CEP120 mutant (I975S) has a low affinity for C2CD3 binding and perturbs cilia assembly. Together, our findings reveal a novel role of CEP120 in ciliogenesis by showing that it interacts with C2CD3 and Talpid3 to assemble centriole appendages and by illuminating the molecular mechanism through which the CEP120 (I975S) mutation causes complex ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Jie Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bin Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang K Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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47
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Hassan A, Parent S, Mathieu H, Zaouter C, Molidperee S, Bagu ET, Barchi S, Villemure I, Patten SA, Moldovan F. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis associated POC5 mutation impairs cell cycle, cilia length and centrosome protein interactions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213269. [PMID: 30845169 PMCID: PMC6405090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity that affects approximately 3 percent of human adolescents. Although the etiology and molecular basis of AIS is unclear, several genes such as POC5 have been identified as possible causes of the condition. In order to understand the role of POC5 in the pathogenesis of AIS, we investigated the subcellular localization of POC5 in cilia of cells over-expressing either the wild type (wt) or an AIS-related POC5 variant POC5A429V. Mutation of POC5 was found to alter its subcellular localization and to induce ciliary retraction. Furthermore, we observed an impaired cell-cycle progression with the accumulation of cells in the S-phase in cells expressing POC5A429V. Using immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry, we identified specific protein interaction partners of POC5, most of which were components of cilia and cytoskeleton. Several of these interactions were altered upon mutation of POC5. Altogether, our results demonstrate major cellular alterations, disturbances in centrosome protein interactions and cilia retraction in cells expressing an AIS-related POC5 mutation. Our study suggests that defects in centrosomes and cilia may underlie AIS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Hassan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stefan Parent
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hélène Mathieu
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Edward T. Bagu
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Medical School, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States of America
| | - Soraya Barchi
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Shunmoogum A. Patten
- INRS–Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Florina Moldovan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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48
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Avidor-Reiss T, Fishman EL. It takes two (centrioles) to tango. Reproduction 2019; 157:R33-R51. [PMID: 30496124 PMCID: PMC6494718 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cells that divide during embryo development require precisely two centrioles during interphase and four centrioles during mitosis. This precise number is maintained by allowing each centriole to nucleate only one centriole per cell cycle (i.e. centriole duplication). Yet, how the first cell of the embryo, the zygote, obtains two centrioles has remained a mystery in most mammals and insects. The mystery arose because the female gamete (oocyte) is thought to have no functional centrioles and the male gamete (spermatozoon) is thought to have only one functional centriole, resulting in a zygote with a single centriole. However, recent studies in fruit flies, beetles and mammals, including humans, suggest an alternative explanation: spermatozoa have a typical centriole and an atypical centriole. The sperm typical centriole has a normal structure but distinct protein composition, whereas the sperm atypical centriole is distinct in both. During fertilization, the atypical centriole is released into the zygote, nucleates a new centriole and participates in spindle pole formation. Thus, the spermatozoa's atypical centriole acts as a second centriole in the zygote. Here, we review centriole biology in general and especially in reproduction, we describe the discovery of the spermatozoon atypical centriole, and we provide an updated model for centriole inherence during sexual reproduction. While we focus on humans and other non-rodent mammals, we also provide a broader evolutionary perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Avidor-Reiss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Rd., Wolfe Hall 4259, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Emily L. Fishman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Rd., Wolfe Hall 4259, Toledo, OH 43606
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49
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Abstract
The centriole is an ancient microtubule-based organelle with a conserved nine-fold symmetry. Centrioles form the core of centrosomes, which organize the interphase microtubule cytoskeleton of most animal cells and form the poles of the mitotic spindle. Centrioles can also be modified to form basal bodies, which template the formation of cilia and play central roles in cellular signaling, fluid movement, and locomotion. In this review, we discuss developments in our understanding of the biogenesis of centrioles and cilia and the regulatory controls that govern their structure and number. We also discuss how defects in these processes contribute to a spectrum of human diseases and how new technologies have expanded our understanding of centriole and cilium biology, revealing exciting avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Breslow
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA;
| | - Andrew J Holland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA;
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50
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Fraschini R. Divide Precisely and Proliferate Safely: Lessons From Budding Yeast. Front Genet 2019; 9:738. [PMID: 30687396 PMCID: PMC6335322 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A faithful cell division is essential for proper cellular proliferation of all eukaryotic cells; indeed the correct segregation of the genetic material allows daughter cells to proceed into the cell cycle safely. Conversely, errors during chromosome partition generate aneuploid cells that have been associated to several human pathological conditions, including cancer. Given the importance of this issue, all the steps that lead to cell separation are finely regulated. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a unicellular eukaryotic organism that divides asymmetrically and it is a suitable model system to study the regulation of cell division. Humans and budding yeast are distant 1 billion years of evolution, nonetheless several essential pathways, proteins, and cellular structures are conserved. Among these, the mitotic spindle is a key player in chromosome segregation and its correct morphogenesis and functioning is essential for genomic stability. In this review we will focus on molecular pathways and proteins involved in the control mitotic spindle morphogenesis and function that are conserved from yeast to humans and whose impairment is connected with the development of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fraschini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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