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Chen SL, Wu CC, Li N, Weng TH. Post-transcriptional regulation of myogenic transcription factors during muscle development and pathogenesis. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2024; 45:21-39. [PMID: 38206489 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-023-09663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulation of skeletal muscle (SKM) development (myogenesis) has been documented for over 3 decades and served as a paradigm for tissue-specific cell type determination and differentiation. Myogenic stem cells (MuSC) in embryos and adult SKM are regulated by the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7 for their stem cell characteristics, while their lineage determination and terminal differentiation are both dictated by the myogenic regulatory factors (MRF) that comprise Mrf4, Myf5, Myogenin, and MyoD. The myocyte enhancer factor Mef2c is activated by MRF during terminal differentiation and collaborates with them to promote myoblast fusion and differentiation. Recent studies have found critical regulation of these myogenic transcription factors at mRNA level, including subcellular localization, stability, and translational regulation. Therefore, the regulation of Pax3/7, MRFs and Mef2c mRNAs by RNA-binding factors and non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), will be the focus of this review and the impact of this regulation on myogenesis will be further addressed. Interestingly, the stem cell characteristics of MuSC has been found to be critically regulated by ncRNAs, implying the involvement of ncRNAs in SKM homeostasis and regeneration. Current studies have further identified that some ncRNAs are implicated in the etiology of some SKM diseases and can serve as valuable tools/indicators for prediction of prognosis. The roles of ncRNAs in the MuSC biology and SKM disease etiology will also be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Liang Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Che Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Han Weng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, 32001, Taiwan
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2
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Wang W, Dai X, Li Y, Li M, Chi Z, Hu X, Wang Z. The miR-669a-5p/G3BP/HDAC6/AKAP12 Axis Regulates Primary Cilia Length. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305068. [PMID: 38088586 PMCID: PMC10853727 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are conserved organelles in most mammalian cells, acting as "antennae" to sense external signals. Maintaining a physiological cilium length is required for cilium function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent gene expression regulators, and aberrant miRNA expression is closely associated with ciliopathies. However, how miRNAs modulate cilium length remains elusive. Here, using the calcium-shock method and small RNA sequencing, a miRNA is identified, namely, miR-669a-5p, that is highly expressed in the cilia-enriched noncellular fraction. It is shown that miR-669a-5p promotes cilium elongation but not cilium formation in cultured cells. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that miR-669a-5p represses ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3-domain-binding protein (G3BP) expression to inhibit histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) expression, which further upregulates A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) expression. This effect ultimately blocks cilia disassembly and leads to greater cilium length, which can be restored to wild-type lengths by either upregulating HDAC6 or downregulating AKAP12. Collectively, these results elucidate a previously unidentified miR-669a-5p/G3BP/HDAC6/AKAP12 signaling pathway that regulates cilium length, providing potential pharmaceutical targets for treating ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Wang
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Xuyao Dai
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Public HealthHebei UniversityBaoding071000China
| | - Zongqi Chi
- School of Public HealthHebei UniversityBaoding071000China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
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Lee J, Lee H, Sherbini AE, Baghaie L, Leroy F, Abdel-Qadir H, Szewczuk MR, El-Diasty M. Epigenetic MicroRNAs as Prognostic Markers of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102106. [PMID: 37741599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery, increasing the risk for adverse outcomes such as perioperative and long-term mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, and other thromboembolic events. Epigenetic biomarkers show promise as prognostic tools for POAF. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs (miRNA), can result in altered gene expression and the development of various pathological conditions. This systematic review aims to present the current literature on the association between various epigenetic markers and the development of POAF following cardiac surgery. Here, an electronic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar to identify studies that reported the role of epigenetic markers in the development of POAF. Five of the 6 studies focused on miRNAs and their association with POAF. In POAF patients, the expression of miR-1 and miR-483-5p were upregulated in the right atrial appendage (RAA), while the levels of miR-133A, miR-208a, miR-23a, miR-26a, miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c were decreased in the RAA and venous blood. One study examined cytosines followed by guanines (CpGs) as DNA methylation markers. Across all studies, 488 human subjects who had undergone cardiac surgery were investigated, and 195 subjects (39.9%) developed new-onset POAF. The current literature suggests that miRNAs may play a role in predicting the development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. However, more robust clinical data are required to justify their role in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsu Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Hyunmin Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Adham El Sherbini
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Leili Baghaie
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Fleur Leroy
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Faculté de Médecine, Maïeutique et Sciences de la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Husam Abdel-Qadir
- Women's College Hospital, Peter Munk Cardiac Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad El-Diasty
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.
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Zhang SN, Li HM, Liu Q, Li XZ, Yang WD, Zhou Y. Eucommiae Folium and Active Compounds Protect Against Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Calcium Overload in Epileptic Hippocampal Neurons Through the Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Pathway. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03937-5. [PMID: 37067737 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03937-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease and often occurs suddenly for no reason. Eucommiae folium (EF), an edible herb, can be used in the treatment of various kinds of brain diseases in clinic. From the perspective of safety and efficacy, EF is especially suitable for the treatment of chronic brain diseases. With the help of biolabels, this study was aimed to explore the value and feasibility of EF in the treatment of epilepsy. Proteomics and metabolomics were used to explore the biolabels of EF intervention in brain tissues. Bioinformatics was then applied to topologically analyze its neuroprotective effects and mechanisms and material basis based on biolabels, which were validated in an animal model. The biolabel-led research revealed that EF may exert the therapeutic potential to treat brain diseases through the interaction between multiple compounds and multiple targets, among which its therapeutic potential for epilepsy is particularly prominent. In the pentylenetetrazole-induction model, EF and four active compounds (oleamide, catechol, chlorogenic acid, and kaempferol) protected epileptic hippocampal neurons (Nissl and FJB staining) against mitochondrial dysfunction (MYH6, MYL3, and MYBPC3, etc.) and calcium overload (TNNI3, TNNC1, and TNNT2, etc.) through the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathway. This study provides new evidence and insights for the neuroprotective effects of EF, in which four active compounds may be potential drug candidates for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Nan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong Qing Nan Road, Guian New Area, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong Qing Nan Road, Guian New Area, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- The Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Zhao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong Qing Nan Road, Guian New Area, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wu-de Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong Qing Nan Road, Guian New Area, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong Qing Nan Road, Guian New Area, 550025, People's Republic of China.
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Tan X, Zhu T, Zhang L, Fu L, Hu Y, Li H, Li C, Zhang J, Liang B, Liu J. miR-669a-5p promotes adipogenic differentiation and induces browning in preadipocytes. Adipocyte 2022; 11:120-132. [PMID: 35094659 PMCID: PMC8803067 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health issue that contributes to the occurrence of metabolic disorders. Based on this fact, understanding the underlying mechanisms and to uncover promising therapeutic approaches for obesity have attracted intense investigation. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) can help burns excess calories. Therefore, promoting White adipose tissue (WAT) browning and BAT activation is an attractive strategy for obesity treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs, which are involved in regulation of adipogenic processes and metabolic functions. Evidence is accumulating that miRNAs are important regulators for both brown adipocyte differentiation and white adipocyte browning. Here we report that the expression of miR-669a-5p increases during the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 adipocytes. miR-669a-5p supplementation promotes adipogenic differentiation and causes browning of 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 cells. Moreover, the expression of miR-669a-5p is upregulated in iWAT of mice exposed to cold. These data demonstrate that miR-669a-5p plays a role in regulating adipocyte differentiation and fat browning.Abbreviations: Acadl: long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase; Acadm: medium-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase; Acadvl: very long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, very long chain; Aco2: mitochondrial aconitase 2; BAT: brown adipose tissue; Bmper: BMP-binding endothelial regulator; Cpt1-b:carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b; Cpt2: carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2; Crat: carnitine acetyltransferase; Cs: citrate synthase; C2MC: Chromosome 2 miRNA cluster; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium; eWAT: epididymal white adipose tissue; ETC: electron transport chain; FAO: fatty acid oxidation; Fabp4:fatty acid binding protein 4; FBS: fetal bovine serum; Hadha: hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha; Hadhb: hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta; HFD: high fat diet; Idh3a: isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 alpha; iWAT: inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue; Lpl: lipoprotein lipase; Mdh2: malate dehydrogenase 2; NBCS: NewBorn Calf Serum; mt-Nd1: mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1; Ndufb8:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B8; Nrf1: nuclear respiratory factor 1; Pgc1α: peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha; Pgc1b: peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 beta; Pparγ: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma; Prdm16: PR domain containing 16; Rgs4: regulator of G-protein signaling 4; Sdhb: succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B; Sdhc: succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C; Sdhd: succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D; Sh3d21: SH3 domain containing 21; Sfmbt2: Scm-like with four mbt domains 2; TG: triglyceride; TCA: tricarboxylic acid cycle; Tfam: transcription factor A, mitochondrial; TMRE: tetramethylrhodamine, methyl ester; Ucp1: uncoupling protein 1; Uqcrc2: ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase core protein 2; WAT: White adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Linqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Chengbin Li
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Alonso-Villa E, Bonet F, Hernandez-Torres F, Campuzano Ó, Sarquella-Brugada G, Quezada-Feijoo M, Ramos M, Mangas A, Toro R. The Role of MicroRNAs in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: New Insights for an Old Entity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113573. [PMID: 36362356 PMCID: PMC9659086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a clinical diagnosis characterized by left ventricular or biventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction. In most cases, DCM is progressive, leading to heart failure (HF) and death. This cardiomyopathy has been considered a common and final phenotype of several entities. DCM occurs when cellular pathways fail to maintain the pumping function. The etiology of this disease encompasses several factors, such as ischemia, infection, autoimmunity, drugs or genetic susceptibility. Although the prognosis has improved in the last few years due to red flag clinical follow-up, early familial diagnosis and ongoing optimization of treatment, due to its heterogeneity, there are no targeted therapies available for DCM based on each etiology. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of DCM will provide novel therapeutic strategies against this cardiac disease and their different triggers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs that play key roles in post-transcriptional gene silencing by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or, to a lesser extent, degradation. A growing number of studies have demonstrated critical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including DCM, by regulating mechanisms that contribute to the progression of the disease. Herein, we summarize the role of miRNAs in inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis, exclusively in the context of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alonso-Villa
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.A.-V.); (R.T.)
| | - Fernando Bonet
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernandez-Torres
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Óscar Campuzano
- Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), 17190 Salt, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgia Sarquella-Brugada
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Arrhythmias Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Quezada-Feijoo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Ramos
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alipio Mangas
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Rocío Toro
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.A.-V.); (R.T.)
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Giri BR, Li S, Fang C, Qiu L, Yan S, Pakharukova MY, Cheng G. Dynamic miRNA profile of host T cells during early hepatic stages of Schistosoma japonicum infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911139. [PMID: 36119054 PMCID: PMC9478579 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomes undergo complicated migration in final hosts during infection, associated with differential immune responses. It has been shown that CD4+ T cells play critical roles in response to Schistosoma infections and accumulated documents have indicated that miRNAs tightly regulate T cell activity. However, miRNA profiles in host T cells associated with Schistosoma infection remain poorly characterized. Therefore, we undertook the study and systematically characterized T cell miRNA profiles from the livers and blood of S. japonicum infected C57BL/6J mice at 14- and 21-days post-infection. We observed 508 and 504 miRNAs, in which 264 miRNAs were co-detected in T cells isolated from blood and livers, respectively. The comparative analysis of T cell miRNAs from uninfected and infected C57BL/6J mice blood showed that miR-486b-5p/3p expression was significantly downregulated and linked to various T cell immune responses and miR-375-5p was highly upregulated, associated with Wnt signaling and pluripotency, Delta notch signaling pathways, etc. Whereas hepatic T cells showed miR-466b-3p, miR-486b-3p, miR-1969, and miR-375 were differentially expressed compared to the uninfected control. The different expressions of some miRNAs were further corroborated in isolated T cells from mice and in vitro cultured EL-4 cells treated with S. japonicum worm antigens by RT-qPCR and similar results were found. In addition, bioinformatics analysis combined with RT-qPCR validation of selected targets associated with the immune system and parasite-caused infectious disease showed a significant increase in the expression of Ctla4, Atg5, Hgf, Vcl and Arpc4 and a decreased expression of Fermt3, Pik3r1, Myd88, Nfkbie, Ppp1r12a, Ppp3r1, Nfyb, Atg12, Ube2n, Tyrobp, Cxcr4 and Tollip. Overall, these results unveil the comprehensive repertoire of T cell miRNAs during S. japonicum infection, suggesting that the circulatory (blood) and liver systems have distinct miRNAs landscapes that may be important for regulating T cell immune response. Altogether, our findings indicated a dynamic expression pattern of T cell miRNAs during the hepatic stages of S. japonicum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash R. Giri
- Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuantao Fang
- Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Institut für Parasitologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, Wien, Austria
| | - Maria Y. Pakharukova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guofeng Cheng, ;
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Vicente-García C, Hernández-Camacho JD, Carvajal JJ. Regulation of myogenic gene expression. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Powrózek T, Pigoń-Zając D, Mazurek M, Ochieng Otieno M, Rahnama-Hezavah M, Małecka-Massalska T. TNF-α Induced Myotube Atrophy in C2C12 Cell Line Uncovers Putative Inflammatory-Related lncRNAs Mediating Muscle Wasting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073878. [PMID: 35409236 PMCID: PMC8998797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Muscle atrophy is a complex catabolic condition developing under different inflammatory-related systemic diseases resulting in wasting of muscle tissue. While the knowledge of the molecular background of muscle atrophy has developed in recent years, how the atrophic conditions affect the long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) machinery and the exact participation of the latter in the mediation of muscle loss are still unknown. The purpose of the study was to assess how inflammatory condition developing under the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) treatment affects the lncRNAs’ expression in a mouse skeletal muscle cell line. Materials and method: A C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line was treated with TNF-α to develop atrophy, and inflammatory-related lncRNAs mediating muscle loss were identified. Bioinformatics was used to validate and analyze the discovered lncRNAs. The differences in their expression under different TNF-α concentrations and treatment times were investigated. Results: Five lncRNAs were identified in a discovery set as atrophy related and then validated. Three lncRNAs, Gm4117, Ccdc41os1, and 5830418P13Rik, were selected as being significant for inflammatory-related myotube atrophy. Dynamics changes in the expression of lncRNAs depended on both TNF-α concentration and treatment time. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the mRNA and miRNA target for selected lncRNAs and their putative involvement in the molecular processes related to muscle atrophy. Conclusions: The inflammatory condition developing in the myotube under the TNF-α treatment affects the alteration of lncRNAs’ expression pattern. Experimental and bioinformatics testing suggested the prospective role of lncRNAs in the mediation of muscle loss under an inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Powrózek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.-Z.); (M.M.); (T.M.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominika Pigoń-Zając
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.-Z.); (M.M.); (T.M.-M.)
| | - Marcin Mazurek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.-Z.); (M.M.); (T.M.-M.)
| | - Michael Ochieng Otieno
- Haematological Malignancies H12O Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah
- Chair and Department of Dental Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Teresa Małecka-Massalska
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (D.P.-Z.); (M.M.); (T.M.-M.)
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10
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Shah V, Shah J. Restoring Ravaged Heart: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application of miRNA in Heart Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:835138. [PMID: 35224063 PMCID: PMC8866653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.835138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human heart development is a complex and tightly regulated process, conserving proliferation, and multipotency of embryonic cardiovascular progenitors. At terminal stage, progenitor cell type gets suppressed for terminal differentiation and maturation. In the human heart, most cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated and so have limited proliferation capacity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding single-stranded RNA that regulate gene expression and mRNA silencing at the post-transcriptional level. These miRNAs play a crucial role in numerous biological events, including cardiac development, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Several cardiac cells specific miRNAs have been discovered. Inhibition or overexpression of these miRNAs could induce cardiac regeneration, cardiac stem cell proliferation and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Clinical application of miRNAs extends to heart failure, wherein the cell cycle arrest of terminally differentiated cardiac cells inhibits the heart regeneration. The regenerative capacity of the myocardium can be enhanced by cardiomyocyte specific miRNAs controlling the cell cycle. In this review, we focus on cardiac-specific miRNAs involved in cardiac regeneration and cardiomyocyte proliferation, and their potential as a new clinical therapy for heart regeneration.
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11
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Yuan T, Krishnan J. Non-coding RNAs in Cardiac Regeneration. Front Physiol 2021; 12:650566. [PMID: 33841185 PMCID: PMC8024481 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.650566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult heart has a limited capacity to replace or regenerate damaged cardiac tissue following severe myocardial injury. Thus, therapies facilitating the induction of cardiac regeneration holds great promise for the treatment of end-stage heart failure, and for pathologies invoking severe cardiac dysfunction as a result of cardiomyocyte death. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated that cardiac regeneration can be achieved through modulation and/or reprogramming of cardiomyocyte proliferation, differentiation, and survival signaling. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are reported to play critical roles in regulating key aspects of cardiomyocyte physiologic and pathologic signaling, including the regulation of cardiac regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we will explore and detail the current understanding of ncRNA function in cardiac regeneration, and highlight established and novel strategies for the treatment of heart failure through modulation of ncRNAs-driven cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jaya Krishnan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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12
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Guide Cells Support Muscle Regeneration and Affect Neuro-Muscular Junction Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041939. [PMID: 33669272 PMCID: PMC7920023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular regeneration is a complex biological process that occurs during acute injury and chronic degeneration, implicating several cell types. One of the earliest events of muscle regeneration is the inflammatory response, followed by the activation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. However, the process of novel neuromuscular junction formation during muscle regeneration is still largely unexplored. Here, we identify by single-cell RNA sequencing and isolate a subset of vessel-associated cells able to improve myogenic differentiation. We termed them 'guide' cells because of their remarkable ability to improve myogenesis without fusing with the newly formed fibers. In vitro, these cells showed a marked mobility and ability to contact the forming myotubes. We found that these cells are characterized by CD44 and CD34 surface markers and the expression of Ng2 and Ncam2. In addition, in a murine model of acute muscle injury and regeneration, injection of guide cells correlated with increased numbers of newly formed neuromuscular junctions. Thus, we propose that guide cells modulate de novo generation of neuromuscular junctions in regenerating myofibers. Further studies are necessary to investigate the origin of those cells and the extent to which they are required for terminal specification of regenerating myofibers.
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13
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Giacomazzi G, Giovannelli G, Rotini A, Costamagna D, Quattrocelli M, Sampaolesi M. Isolation of Mammalian Mesoangioblasts: A Subset of Pericytes with Myogenic Potential. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2235:155-167. [PMID: 33576976 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1056-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mesoangioblasts (MABs) are vessel-associated stem cells that express pericyte markers and are originally isolated from the embryonic dorsal aorta. From postnatal small vessels of skeletal muscle and heart, it is possible to isolate cells with similar characteristics to embryonic MABs. Adult MABs have the capacity to self-renew and to differentiate into cell types of mesodermal lineages upon proper culture conditions. To date, the origin of MABs and the relationship with other muscle stem cells are still debated. Recently, in a phase I-II clinical trial, intra-arterial HLA-matched MABs were proved to be relatively safe. Novel information on MAB pure populations is desirable, and implementation of their therapeutic potential is mandatory to approach efficacy in MAB-based treatments. This chapter provides an overview of the current techniques for isolation and characterization of rodent, canine, human, and equine adult MABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Giacomazzi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gaia Giovannelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessio Rotini
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domiziana Costamagna
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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14
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MICAL2 is essential for myogenic lineage commitment. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:654. [PMID: 32811811 PMCID: PMC7434877 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Contractile myofiber units are mainly composed of thick myosin and thin actin (F-actin) filaments. F-Actin interacts with Microtubule Associated Monooxygenase, Calponin And LIM Domain Containing 2 (MICAL2). Indeed, MICAL2 modifies actin subunits and promotes actin filament turnover by severing them and preventing repolymerization. In this study, we found that MICAL2 increases during myogenic differentiation of adult and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) towards skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle cells and localizes in the nucleus of acute and chronic regenerating muscle fibers. In vivo delivery of Cas9–Mical2 guide RNA complexes results in muscle actin defects and demonstrates that MICAL2 is essential for skeletal muscle homeostasis and functionality. Conversely, MICAL2 upregulation shows a positive impact on skeletal and cardiac muscle commitments. Taken together these data demonstrate that modulations of MICAL2 have an impact on muscle filament dynamics and its fine-tuned balance is essential for the regeneration of muscle tissues.
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15
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Overexpression of miR-669m inhibits erythroblast differentiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13554. [PMID: 32782283 PMCID: PMC7419302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one of small non-coding RNAs, regulate many cell functions through their post-transcriptionally downregulation of target genes. Accumulated studies have revealed that miRNAs are involved in hematopoiesis. In the present study, we investigated effects of miR-669m overexpression on hematopoiesis in mouse in vivo, and found that erythroid differentiation was inhibited by the overexpression. Our bioinformatic analyses showed that candidate targets of miR-669m which are involved in the erythropoiesis inhibition are A-kinase anchoring protein 7 (Akap7) and X-linked Kx blood group (Xk) genes. These two genes were predicted as targets of miR-669m by two different in silico methods and were upregulated in late erythroblasts in a public RNA-seq data, which was confirmed with qPCR. Further, miR-669m suppressed luciferase reporters for 3′ untranslated regions of Akap7 and Xk genes, which supports these genes are direct targets of miR-669m. Physiologically, miR-669m was not expressed in the erythroblast. In conclusion, using miR-669m, we found Akap7 and Xk, which may be involved in erythroid differentiation, implying that manipulating these genes could be a therapeutic way for diseases associated with erythropoiesis dysfunction.
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16
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Corvelyn M, De Beukelaer N, Duelen R, Deschrevel J, Van Campenhout A, Prinsen S, Gayan-Ramirez G, Maes K, Weide G, Desloovere K, Sampaolesi M, Costamagna D. Muscle Microbiopsy to Delineate Stem Cell Involvement in Young Patients: A Novel Approach for Children With Cerebral Palsy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:945. [PMID: 32848872 PMCID: PMC7424076 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP), the single largest cause of childhood physical disability, is characterized firstly by a lesion in the immature brain, and secondly by musculoskeletal problems that progress with age. Previous research reported altered muscle properties, such as reduced volume and satellite cell (SC) numbers and hypertrophic extracellular matrix compared to typically developing (TD) children (>10 years). Unfortunately, data on younger CP patients are scarce and studies on SCs and other muscle stem cells in CP are insufficient or lacking. Therefore, it remains difficult to understand the early onset and trajectory of altered muscle properties in growing CP children. Because muscle stem cells are responsible for postnatal growth, repair and remodeling, multiple adult stem cell populations from young CP children could play a role in altered muscle development. To this end, new methods for studying muscle samples of young children, valid to delineate the features and to elucidate the regenerative potential of muscle tissue, are necessary. Using minimal invasive muscle microbiopsy, which was applied in young subjects under general anaesthesia for the first time, we aimed to isolate and characterize muscle stem cell-derived progenitors of TD children and patients with CP. Data of 15 CP patients, 3–9 years old, and 5 aged-matched TD children were reported. The muscle microbiopsy technique was tolerated well in all participants. Through the explant technique, we provided muscle stem cell-derived progenitors from the Medial Gastrocnemius. Via fluorescent activated cell sorting, using surface markers CD56, ALP, and PDGFRa, we obtained SC-derived progenitors, mesoangioblasts and fibro-adipogenic progenitors, respectively. Adipogenic, skeletal, and smooth muscle differentiation assays confirmed the cell identity and ability to give rise to different cell types after appropriate stimuli. Myogenic differentiation in CP SC-derived progenitors showed enhanced fusion index and altered myotube formation based on MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN expression, as well as disorganization of nuclear spreading, which were not observed in TD myotubes. In conclusion, the microbiopsy technique allows more focused muscle research in young CP patients. Current results show altered differentiation abilities of muscle stem cell-derived progenitors and support the hypothesis of their involvement in CP-altered muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Corvelyn
- Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Beukelaer
- Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Duelen
- Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jorieke Deschrevel
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anja Van Campenhout
- Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Prinsen
- Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Maes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guido Weide
- Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaat Desloovere
- Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Domiziana Costamagna
- Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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17
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Fu L, Wang H, Liao Y, Zhou P, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Xie S, Zhao S, Li X. miR-208b modulating skeletal muscle development and energy homoeostasis through targeting distinct targets. RNA Biol 2020; 17:743-754. [PMID: 32037961 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1728102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic and neonatal skeletal muscles grow via the proliferation and fusion of myogenic cells, whereas adult skeletal muscle adapts largely by remodelling pre-existing myofibers and optimizing metabolic balance. It has been reported that miRNAs played key roles during skeletal muscle development through targeting different genes at post-transcriptional level. In this study, we show that a single miRNA (miR-208b) can modulate both the myogenesis and homoeostasis of skeletal muscle by distinct targets. As results, miR-208b accelerates the proliferation and inhibits the differentiation of myogenic cells by targeting the E-protein family member transcription factor 12 (TCF12). Also, miR-208b can stimulate fast-to-slow fibre conversion and oxidative metabolism programme through targeting folliculin interacting protein 1 (FNIP1) but not TCF12 gene. Further, miR-208b could active the AMPK/PGC-1a signalling and mitochondrial biogenesis through targeting FNIP1. Thus, miR-208b could mediate skeletal muscle development and homoeostasis through specifically targeting of TCF12 and FNIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Heng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yueyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Shengsong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
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18
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Ronzoni FL, Lemeille S, Kuzyakiv R, Sampaolesi M, Jaconi ME. Human fetal mesoangioblasts reveal tissue-dependent transcriptional signatures. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:575-589. [PMID: 31975556 PMCID: PMC7180296 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoangioblasts (MABs) derived from adult skeletal muscles are well‐studied adult stem/progenitor cells that already entered clinical trials for muscle regeneration in genetic diseases; however, the transcriptional identity of human fetal MABs (fMABs) remains largely unknown. Herein we analyzed the transcriptome of MABs isolated according to canonical markers from fetal atrium, ventricle, aorta, and skeletal muscles (from 9.5 to 13 weeks of age) to uncover specific gene signatures correlating with their peculiar myogenic differentiation properties inherent to their tissue of origin. RNA‐seq analysis revealed for the first time that human MABs from fetal aorta, cardiac (atrial and ventricular), and skeletal muscles display subsets of differentially expressed genes likely representing distinct expression signatures indicative of their original tissue. Identified GO biological processes and KEGG pathways likely account for their distinct differentiation outcomes and provide a set of critical genes possibly predicting future specific differentiation outcomes. This study reveals novel information regarding the potential of human fMABs that may help to improve specific differentiation outcomes relevant for therapeutic muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio L Ronzoni
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Lemeille
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rostyslav Kuzyakiv
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Public Health, Forensic and Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Center for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marisa E Jaconi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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19
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Barreto S, Hamel L, Schiatti T, Yang Y, George V. Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Stem Cells: Learning from Genetics and Biomaterials. Cells 2019; 8:E1536. [PMID: 31795206 PMCID: PMC6952950 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac Progenitor Cells (CPCs) show great potential as a cell resource for restoring cardiac function in patients affected by heart disease or heart failure. CPCs are proliferative and committed to cardiac fate, capable of generating cells of all the cardiac lineages. These cells offer a significant shift in paradigm over the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes owing to the latter's inability to recapitulate mature features of a native myocardium, limiting their translational applications. The iPSCs and direct reprogramming of somatic cells have been attempted to produce CPCs and, in this process, a variety of chemical and/or genetic factors have been evaluated for their ability to generate, expand, and maintain CPCs in vitro. However, the precise stoichiometry and spatiotemporal activity of these factors and the genetic interplay during embryonic CPC development remain challenging to reproduce in culture, in terms of efficiency, numbers, and translational potential. Recent advances in biomaterials to mimic the native cardiac microenvironment have shown promise to influence CPC regenerative functions, while being capable of integrating with host tissue. This review highlights recent developments and limitations in the generation and use of CPCs from stem cells, and the trends that influence the direction of research to promote better application of CPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barreto
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | | | - Teresa Schiatti
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ying Yang
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Vinoj George
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
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20
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Pang JKS, Phua QH, Soh BS. Applications of miRNAs in cardiac development, disease progression and regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:336. [PMID: 31752983 PMCID: PMC6868784 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of the complex human heart is tightly regulated at multiple levels, maintaining multipotency and proliferative state in the embryonic cardiovascular progenitors and thereafter suppressing progenitor characteristics to allow for terminal differentiation and maturation. Small regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) are at the level of post-transcriptional gene suppressors, which enhance the degradation or decay of their target protein-coding mRNAs. These miRNAs are known to play roles in a large number of biological events, cardiovascular development being no exception. A number of critical cardiac-specific miRNAs have been identified, of which structural developmental defects have been linked to dysregulation of miRNAs in the proliferating cardiac stem cells. These miRNAs present in the stem cell niche are lost when the cardiac progenitors terminally differentiate, resulting in the postnatal mitotic arrest of the heart. Therapeutic applications of these miRNAs extend to the realm of heart failure, whereby the death of heart cells in the ageing heart cannot be replaced due to the arrest of cell division. By utilizing miRNA therapy to control cell cycling, the regenerative potential of matured myocardium can be restored. This review will address the various cardiac progenitor-related miRNAs that control the development and proliferative potential of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Qian Hua Phua
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
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21
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Gasparini P, Ferrari A, Casanova M, Limido F, Massimino M, Sozzi G, Fortunato O. MiRNAs as Players in Rhabdomyosarcoma Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225818. [PMID: 31752446 PMCID: PMC6888285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood and adolescence, is a rare but aggressive malignancy that originates from immature mesenchymal cells committed to skeletal muscle differentiation. Although RMS is, generally, responsive to the modern multimodal therapeutic approaches, the prognosis of RMS depends on multiple variables and for some patients the outcome remains dismal. Further comprehension of the molecular and cellular biology of RMS would lead to identification of novel therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs proved to function as key regulators of skeletal muscle cell fate determination and to play important roles in RMS pathogenesis. The purpose of this review is to better delineate the role of miRNAs as a biomarkers or functional leaders in RMS development, so to possibly elucidate some of RMS molecular mechanisms and potentially therapeutically target them to improve clinical management of pediatric RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gasparini
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: (O.F.); (P.G.); Tel.: +39-02-2390-3775 (O.F. & P.G.); Fax: +39-02-2390-2928 (O.F. & P.G.)
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Pediatric Oncology Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Michela Casanova
- Pediatric Oncology Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesca Limido
- Pediatric Oncology Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Oncology Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Gabriella Sozzi
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Orazio Fortunato
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: (O.F.); (P.G.); Tel.: +39-02-2390-3775 (O.F. & P.G.); Fax: +39-02-2390-2928 (O.F. & P.G.)
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Mechanism and Functions of Identified miRNAs in Poultry Skeletal Muscle Development – A Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Development of the skeletal muscle goes through several complex processes regulated by numerous genetic factors. Although much efforts have been made to understand the mechanisms involved in increased muscle yield, little work is done about the miRNAs and candidate genes that are involved in the skeletal muscle development in poultry. Comprehensive research of candidate genes and single nucleotide related to poultry muscle growth is yet to be experimentally unraveled. However, over a few periods, studies in miRNA have disclosed that they actively participate in muscle formation, differentiation, and determination in poultry. Specifically, miR-1, miR-133, and miR-206 influence tissue development, and they are highly expressed in the skeletal muscles. Candidate genes such as CEBPB, MUSTN1, MSTN, IGF1, FOXO3, mTOR, and NFKB1, have also been identified to express in the poultry skeletal muscles development. However, further researches, analysis, and comprehensive studies should be made on the various miRNAs and gene regulatory factors that influence the skeletal muscle development in poultry. The objective of this review is to summarize recent knowledge in miRNAs and their mode of action as well as transcription and candidate genes identified to regulate poultry skeletal muscle development.
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Gorabi AM, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Regulation of cardiac stem cells by microRNAs: State-of-the-art. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109447. [PMID: 31580971 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have a therapeutic potential in various medical conditions. In cases without sufficient response to conventional drug treatments, stem cells represent a next generation therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac stem cells (CSCs), among a wide variety of stem cell sources, have been identified as a valid option for stem cell-based therapy in cardiovascular diseases. CSCs mainly act as a cell source to supply the physiological need for cardiovascular cells. However, they have been demonstrated to reproduce the myocardial cells under pathological settings. Despite their roles and functions have somewhat been clarified, molecular pathways underlying the regulatory mechanisms of CSCs are still not fully elucidated. Several studies have recently shown that different microRNAs (miRNAs) play a substantial role in regulating and controlling both the physiological and pathological proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and may undergo aberrant expression levels during pathological conditions. Understanding the way through which miRNAs regulate CSC behavior may open up new horizons in modulating these cells in vitro to devise sophisticated approaches for treating patients with cardiovascular diseases. In this review article, we tried to discuss available evidence about the role of miRNAs in regulating CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abstract
Heritable cardiomyopathies are a class of heart diseases caused by variations in a number of genetic loci. Genetic variants on one allele lead to either a degraded protein, which causes a haploinsufficiency of that protein, or a nonfunctioning protein that subverts the molecular system within which the protein works. Over years, both of these mechanisms eventually lead to diseased heart tissue and symptoms of a failing heart. Most cardiomyopathy treatments repurpose heart failure drugs to manage these symptoms and avoid adverse outcomes. There are few therapies that correct the underlying pathogenic genetic or molecular mechanism. This review will reflect on this unmet clinical need in genetic cardiomyopathies and consider a variety of therapies that address the mechanism of disease rather than patient symptoms. These therapies are genetic, targeting a defective gene or transcript, or ameliorating a genetic insufficiency. However, there are also a number of small molecules under exploration that modulate downstream faulty protein products affected in cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana G Repetti
- From the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (G.G.R., C.N.T., J.G.S., C.E.S.)
| | - Christopher N Toepfer
- From the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (G.G.R., C.N.T., J.G.S., C.E.S.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.N.T.)
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (C.N.T., C.E.S.)
| | - Jonathan G Seidman
- From the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (G.G.R., C.N.T., J.G.S., C.E.S.)
| | - Christine E Seidman
- From the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (G.G.R., C.N.T., J.G.S., C.E.S.)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
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Breuls N, Giacomazzi G, Sampaolesi M. (Epi)genetic Modifications in Myogenic Stem Cells: From Novel Insights to Therapeutic Perspectives. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050429. [PMID: 31075875 PMCID: PMC6562881 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is considered to be an ideal target for stem cell therapy as it has an inherent regenerative capacity. Upon injury, the satellite cells, muscle stem cells that reside under the basal lamina of the myofibres, start to differentiate in order to reconstitute the myofibres while maintaining the initial stem cell pool. In recent years, it has become more and more evident that epigenetic mechanisms such as histon modifications, DNA methylations and microRNA modulations play a pivatol role in this differentiation process. By understanding the mechanisms behind myogenesis, researchers are able to use this knowledge to enhance the differentiation and engraftment potential of different muscle stem cells. Besides manipulation on an epigenetic level, recent advances in the field of genome-engineering allow site-specific modifications in the genome of these stem cells. Combining epigenetic control of the stem cell fate with the ability to site-specifically correct mutations or add genes for further cell control, can increase the use of stem cells as treatment of muscular dystrophies drastically. In this review, we will discuss the advances that have been made in genome-engineering and the epigenetic regulation of muscle stem cells and how this knowledge can help to get stem cell therapy to its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Breuls
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, 3000 KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Giorgia Giacomazzi
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, 3000 KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, 3000 KU Leuven, Belgium.
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, and Interuniversity Institute of Myology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Effects of microRNAs on skeletal muscle development. Gene 2018; 668:107-113. [PMID: 29775754 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (about 22 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs, which were highly conserved among mammals. They have ushered in a new era in molecular biology over twenty years. They can negatively regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level through the principle of complementary base pairing with the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of their target mRNAs and induce their degradation. They involve in tissue morphogenesis, cellular processes like apoptosis, and major signaling pathways. Previous studies have promoted our understanding that miRNAs play an important role in myogenesis and have a big impact on muscle mass, muscle fiber type and muscle diseases. Many researchers have provided evidence of the involvement of muscle-specific and enriched miRNAs in the individual stages of skeletal muscle development as well as of their significant influence on muscle metabolism during quiescence, proliferation, differentiation and regeneration. Here, we focus on the microRNAs that related to the development of skeletal muscle. For example, some microRNAs are upregulated in differentiated skeletal muscle and can promote differentiation, like, miR-1, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-181 and miR-206. However, some microRNAs highly expressed in proliferating myoblasts, downregulated in differentiated and could inhibit differentiation, like MiR-221 and miR-222. Some others not only promote skeletal muscle proliferation, but also promote differentiation, like miR-214. Studying the miRNAs' regulatory mechanisms in skeletal development will help us know more about the knowledge of miRNAs in muscle developmental biology and make us learn more about involved signal pathway.
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Giovannelli G, Giacomazzi G, Grosemans H, Sampaolesi M. Morphological and functional analyses of skeletal muscles from an immunodeficient animal model of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E. Muscle Nerve 2018; 58:133-144. [PMID: 29476695 PMCID: PMC6099247 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E (LGMD2E) is caused by mutations in the β-sarcoglycan gene, which is expressed in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. β-Sarcoglycan-deficient (Sgcb-null) mice develop severe muscular dystrophy and cardiomyopathy with focal areas of necrosis. METHODS In this study we performed morphological (histological and cellular characterization) and functional (isometric tetanic force and fatigue) analyses in dystrophic mice. Comparison studies were carried out in 1-month-old (clinical onset of the disease) and 7-month-old control mice (C57Bl/6J, Rag2/γc-null) and immunocompetent and immunodeficient dystrophic mice (Sgcb-null and Sgcb/Rag2/γc-null, respectively). RESULTS We found that the lack of an immunological system resulted in an increase of calcification in striated muscles without impairing extensor digitorum longus muscle performance. Sgcb/Rag2/γc-null muscles showed a significant reduction of alkaline phosphate-positive mesoangioblasts. DISCUSSION The immunological system counteracts skeletal muscle degeneration in the murine model of LGMD2E. Muscle Nerve, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Giovannelli
- Department of Neurosciences and Imaging“G. d'Annunzio” UniversityChietiItaly
- Translational Cardiomyology, Stem Cell Research InstituteCatholic University of LeuvenHerestraat 49 O&N4–Bus 814LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
| | - Giorgia Giacomazzi
- Translational Cardiomyology, Stem Cell Research InstituteCatholic University of LeuvenHerestraat 49 O&N4–Bus 814LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
| | - Hanne Grosemans
- Translational Cardiomyology, Stem Cell Research InstituteCatholic University of LeuvenHerestraat 49 O&N4–Bus 814LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology, Stem Cell Research InstituteCatholic University of LeuvenHerestraat 49 O&N4–Bus 814LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
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Van Ry PM, Fontelonga TM, Barraza-Flores P, Sarathy A, Nunes AM, Burkin DJ. ECM-Related Myopathies and Muscular Dystrophies: Pros and Cons of Protein Therapies. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:1519-1536. [PMID: 28915335 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) myopathies and muscular dystrophies are a group of genetic diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins that provide critical links between muscle cells and the extracellular matrix. These include structural proteins of the ECM, muscle cell receptors, enzymes, and intracellular proteins. Loss of adhesion within the myomatrix results in progressive muscle weakness. For many ECM muscular dystrophies, symptoms can occur any time after birth and often result in reduced life expectancy. There are no cures for the ECM-related muscular dystrophies and treatment options are limited to palliative care. Several therapeutic approaches have been explored to treat muscular dystrophies including gene therapy, gene editing, exon skipping, embryonic, and adult stem cell therapy, targeting genetic modifiers, modulating inflammatory responses, or preventing muscle degeneration. Recently, protein therapies that replace components of the defective myomatrix or enhance muscle and/or extracellular matrix integrity and function have been explored. Preclinical studies for many of these biologics have been promising in animal models of these muscle diseases. This review aims to summarize the ECM muscular dystrophies for which protein therapies are being developed and discuss the exciting potential and possible limitations of this approach for treating this family of devastating genetic muscle diseases. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1519-1536, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Tatiana M Fontelonga
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Pamela Barraza-Flores
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Apurva Sarathy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Andreia M Nunes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA.,Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Ecologia, Evolucao e Alteracoes Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dean J Burkin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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MicroRNA-17-92 regulates myoblast proliferation and differentiation by targeting the ENH1/Id1 signaling axis. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1658-69. [PMID: 27315298 PMCID: PMC5041193 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenesis is an important biological process that occurs during both skeletal muscle regeneration and postnatal growth. Growing evidence points to the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in myogenesis. Our analysis of miRNA expression patterns reveal that miRNAs of miR-17-92 cluster are dramatically downregulated in C2C12 cells after myogenesis stimulation, are strongly induced in mouse skeletal muscle after injury and decrease steadily thereafter and are downregulated with age in skeletal muscle during mouse and porcine postnatal growth. However, their roles in muscle developmental processes remain elusive. We show that the miR-17-92 cluster promotes mouse myoblast proliferation but inhibits myotube formation. miR-17, -20a and -92a target the actin-associated protein enigma homolog 1 (ENH1). The silencing of ENH1 increased the nuclear accumulation of the inhibitor of differentiation 1 (Id1) and represses myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the injection of adenovirus expressing miR-20a into the tibialia anterior muscle downregulates ENH1 and delays regeneration. In addition, the downregulation of miR-17-92 during myogenesis is transcriptionally regulated by E2F1. Overall, our results reveal a E2F1/miR-17-92/ENH1/Id1 regulatory axis during myogenesis.
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Pierantozzi E, Vezzani B, Badin M, Curina C, Severi FM, Petraglia F, Randazzo D, Rossi D, Sorrentino V. Tissue-Specific Cultured Human Pericytes: Perivascular Cells from Smooth Muscle Tissue Have Restricted Mesodermal Differentiation Ability. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:674-86. [PMID: 26956507 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular pericytes (PCs) are considered the adult counterpart of the embryonic mesoangioblasts, which represent a multipotent cell population that resides in the dorsal aorta of the developing embryo. Although PCs have been isolated from several adult organs and tissues, it is still controversial whether PCs from different tissues exhibit distinct differentiation potentials. To address this point, we investigated the differentiation potentials of isogenic human cultured PCs isolated from skeletal (sk-hPCs) and smooth muscle tissues (sm-hPCs). We found that both sk-hPCs and sm-hPCs expressed known pericytic markers and did not express endothelial, hematopoietic, and myogenic markers. Both sk-hPCs and sm-hPCs were able to differentiate into smooth muscle cells. In contrast, sk-hPCs, but not sm-hPCs, differentiated in skeletal muscle cells and osteocytes. Given the reported ability of the Notch pathway to regulate skeletal muscle and osteogenic differentiation, sk-hPCs and sm-hPCs were treated with N-[N-(3,5- difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a known inhibitor of Notch signaling. DAPT treatment, as assessed by histological and molecular analysis, enhanced myogenic differentiation and abolished osteogenic potential of sk-hPCs. In contrast, DAPT treatment did not affect either myogenic or osteogenic differentiation of sm-hPCs. In summary, these results indicate that, despite being isolated from the same anatomical niche, cultured PCs from skeletal muscle and smooth muscle tissues display distinct differentiation abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bianca Vezzani
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Badin
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Carlo Curina
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Filiberto Maria Severi
- 2 Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- 2 Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Randazzo
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
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Yue Y, Binalsheikh IM, Leach SB, Domeier TL, Duan D. Prospect of gene therapy for cardiomyopathy in hereditary muscular dystrophy. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015; 4:169-183. [PMID: 27340611 DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2016.1124039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac involvement is a common feature in muscular dystrophies. It presents as heart failure and/or arrhythmia. Traditionally, dystrophic cardiomyopathy is treated with symptom-relieving medications. Identification of disease-causing genes and investigation on pathogenic mechanisms have opened new opportunities to treat dystrophic cardiomyopathy with gene therapy. Replacing/repairing the mutated gene and/or targeting the pathogenic process/mechanisms using alternative genes may attenuate heart disease in muscular dystrophies. AREAS COVERED Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common muscular dystrophy. Duchenne cardiomyopathy has been the primary focus of ongoing dystrophic cardiomyopathy gene therapy studies. Here, we use Duchenne cardiomyopathy gene therapy to showcase recent developments and to outline the path forward. We also discuss gene therapy status for cardiomyopathy associated with limb-girdle and congenital muscular dystrophies, and myotonic dystrophy. EXPERT OPINION Gene therapy for dystrophic cardiomyopathy has taken a slow but steady path forward. Preclinical studies over the last decades have addressed many fundamental questions. Adeno-associated virus-mediated gene therapy has significantly improved the outcomes in rodent models of Duchenne and limb girdle muscular dystrophies. Validation of these encouraging results in large animal models will pave the way to future human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Yue
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri
| | | | - Stacey B Leach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri
| | - Timothy L Domeier
- Department of Medical Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri
| | - Dongsheng Duan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri
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Ma Z, Sun X, Xu D, Xiong Y, Zuo B. MicroRNA, miR-374b, directly targets Myf6 and negatively regulates C2C12 myoblasts differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:670-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Costamagna D, Quattrocelli M, van Tienen F, Umans L, de Coo IFM, Zwijsen A, Huylebroeck D, Sampaolesi M. Smad1/5/8 are myogenic regulators of murine and human mesoangioblasts. J Mol Cell Biol 2015; 8:73-87. [PMID: 26450990 PMCID: PMC4710210 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjv059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoangioblasts (MABs) are vessel-associated stem cells that express pericyte marker genes and participate in skeletal muscle regeneration. Molecular circuits that regulate the myogenic commitment of MABs are still poorly characterized. The critical role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling during proliferation and differentiation of adult myogenic precursors, such as satellite cells, has recently been established. We evaluated whether BMP signalling impacts on the myogenic potential of embryonic and adult MABs both in vitro and in vivo. Addition of BMP inhibited MAB myogenic differentiation, whereas interference with the interactions between BMPs and receptor complexes induced differentiation. Similarly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Smad8 in Smad1/5-null MABs or inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation with Dorsomorphin (DM) also improved myogenic differentiation, demonstrating a novel role of SMAD8. Moreover, using a transgenic mouse model of Smad8 deletion, we demonstrated that the absence of SMAD8 protein improved MAB myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, once injected into α-Sarcoglycan (Sgca)-null muscles, DM-treated MABs were more efficacious to restore α-sarcoglycan (αSG) protein levels and re-establish functional muscle properties. Similarly, in acute muscle damage, DM-treated MABs displayed a better myogenic potential compared with BMP-treated and untreated cells. Finally, SMADs also control the myogenic commitment of human MABs (hMABs). BMP signalling antagonists are therefore novel candidates to improve the therapeutic effects of hMABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domiziana Costamagna
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Florence van Tienen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieve Umans
- Laboratory for Developmental Signalling, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irineus F M de Coo
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - An Zwijsen
- Laboratory for Developmental Signalling, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Noncoding RNAs, Emerging Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Development and Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:676575. [PMID: 26258142 PMCID: PMC4516831 DOI: 10.1155/2015/676575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A healthy and independent life requires skeletal muscles to maintain optimal function throughout the lifespan, which is in turn dependent on efficient activation of processes that regulate muscle development, homeostasis, and metabolism. Thus, identifying mechanisms that modulate these processes is of crucial priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as a class of previously unrecognized transcripts whose importance in a wide range of biological processes and human disease is only starting to be appreciated. In this review, we summarize the roles of recently identified miRNAs and lncRNAs during skeletal muscle development and pathophysiology. We also discuss several molecular mechanisms of these noncoding RNAs. Undoubtedly, further systematic understanding of these noncoding RNAs' functions and mechanisms will not only greatly expand our knowledge of basic skeletal muscle biology, but also significantly facilitate the development of therapies for various muscle diseases, such as muscular dystrophies, cachexia, and sarcopenia.
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The mesmiRizing complexity of microRNAs for striated muscle tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 88:37-52. [PMID: 25912658 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) are small non-protein-coding RNAs, able to post-transcriptionally regulate many genes and exert pleiotropic effects. Alteration of miR levels in tissues and in the circulation has been associated with various pathological and regenerative conditions. In this regard, tissue engineering of cardiac and skeletal muscles is a fascinating context for harnessing the complexity of miR-based circuitries and signals. In this review, we will focus on miR-driven regulation of cardiac and skeletal myogenic routes in homeostatic and challenging states. Furthermore, we will survey the intriguing perspective of exosomal and circulating miRs as novel paracrine players, potentially useful for current and future approaches of regenerative medicine for the striated muscles.
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Taguchi YH, Iwadate M, Umeyama H. Principal component analysis-based unsupervised feature extraction applied to in silico drug discovery for posttraumatic stress disorder-mediated heart disease. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:139. [PMID: 25925353 PMCID: PMC4448281 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Feature extraction (FE) is difficult, particularly if there are more features than samples, as small sample numbers often result in biased outcomes or overfitting. Furthermore, multiple sample classes often complicate FE because evaluating performance, which is usual in supervised FE, is generally harder than the two-class problem. Developing sample classification independent unsupervised methods would solve many of these problems. Results Two principal component analysis (PCA)-based FE, specifically, variational Bayes PCA (VBPCA) was extended to perform unsupervised FE, and together with conventional PCA (CPCA)-based unsupervised FE, were tested as sample classification independent unsupervised FE methods. VBPCA- and CPCA-based unsupervised FE both performed well when applied to simulated data, and a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-mediated heart disease data set that had multiple categorical class observations in mRNA/microRNA expression of stressed mouse heart. A critical set of PTSD miRNAs/mRNAs were identified that show aberrant expression between treatment and control samples, and significant, negative correlation with one another. Moreover, greater stability and biological feasibility than conventional supervised FE was also demonstrated. Based on the results obtained, in silico drug discovery was performed as translational validation of the methods. Conclusions Our two proposed unsupervised FE methods (CPCA- and VBPCA-based) worked well on simulated data, and outperformed two conventional supervised FE methods on a real data set. Thus, these two methods have suggested equivalence for FE on categorical multiclass data sets, with potential translational utility for in silico drug discovery. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0574-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-h Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Iwadate
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Umeyama
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
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Therapeutical Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury and a Promising Autologous Astrocyte-Based Therapy Using Efficient Reprogramming Techniques. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:2826-2842. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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The Role of MicroRNAs in Cardiac Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:194894. [PMID: 25802528 PMCID: PMC4329769 DOI: 10.1155/2015/194894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are considered as the next generation drug treatment in patients with cardiovascular disease who are resistant to conventional treatment. Among several stem cells used in the clinical setting, cardiac stem cells (CSCs) which reside in the myocardium and epicardium of the heart have been shown to be an effective option for the source of stem cells. In normal circumstances, CSCs primarily function as a cell store to replace the physiologically depleted cardiovascular cells, while under the diseased condition they have been shown to experimentally regenerate the diseased myocardium. In spite of their major functional role, molecular mechanisms regulating the CSCs proliferation and differentiation are still unknown. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Recent studies have demonstrated the important role of miRs in regulating stem cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as other physiological and pathological processes related to stem cell function. This review summarises the current understanding of the role of miRs in CSCs. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which miRs regulate CSCs may lead to advances in the mode of stem cell therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Ju H, Yang Y, Sheng A, Jiang X. Role of microRNAs in skeletal muscle development and rhabdomyosarcoma (review). Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4019-24. [PMID: 25633282 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle accounts for ~40% of total body mass. The principle functions of skeletal muscle include supporting the body structure, controlling motor movements and storing energy. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a skeletal muscle‑derived soft tissue tumor widely occurring in the pediatric population. In previous years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be important in skeletal muscle development, function and the pathogenesis of various diseases, including RMS. The present review provided an overview of current knowledge on the muscle‑specific and ubiquitously‑expressed miRNAs involved in skeletal muscle differentiation and their dysregulation in RMS. Additionally, the potential use and challenges of miRNAs as therapeutic targets in this soft‑tissue sarcoma were examined and the future prospects for miRNAs in muscle biology and muscle disorders were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Ju
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Yuefei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Anzhi Sheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Xing Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
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41
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Gnecchi M, Pisano F, Bariani R. microRNA and Cardiac Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 887:119-41. [PMID: 26662989 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22380-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart diseases are a very common health problem in developed as well as developing countries. In particular, ischemic heart disease and heart failure represent a plague for the patients and for the society. Loss of cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction or dysfunctioning tissue in nonischemic cardiomyopathies may result in cardiac failure. Despite great advancements in the treatment of these diseases, there is a substantial unmet need for novel therapies, ideally addressing repair and regeneration of the damaged or lost myocardium. Along this line, cardiac cell based therapies have gained substantial attention. Three main approaches are currently under investigation: stem cell therapy with either embryonic or adult stem cells; generation of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells; stimulation of endogenous regeneration trough direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes, activation of resident cardiac stem cells or induction of native resident cardiomyocytes to reenter the cell cycle. All these strategies need to be optimized since their efficiency is low.It has recently become clear that cardiac signaling and transcriptional pathways are intimately intertwined with microRNA molecules which act as modulators of cardiac development, function, and disease. Moreover, miRNA also regulates stem cell differentiation. Here we describe how miRNA may circumvent hurdles that hamper the field of cardiac regeneration and stem cell therapy, and how miRNA may result as the most suitable solution for the damaged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Gnecchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine - Cardiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences - Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Institute of Research and Treatment Foundation Polyclinic San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, Institute of Research and Treatment Foundation Polyclinic San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Federica Pisano
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences - Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Institute of Research and Treatment Foundation Polyclinic San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, Institute of Research and Treatment Foundation Polyclinic San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bariani
- Department of Molecular Medicine - Cardiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Notch signaling regulates myogenic regenerative capacity of murine and human mesoangioblasts. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1448. [PMID: 25299773 PMCID: PMC4237240 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells hold attractive potential for the treatment of muscular dystrophies (MDs). Mesoangioblasts (MABs) constitute a myogenic subset of muscle pericytes and have been shown to efficiently regenerate dystrophic muscles in mice and dogs. In addition, HLA-matched MABs are currently being tested in a phase 1 clinical study on Duchenne MD patients (EudraCT #2011-000176-33). Many reports indicate that the Notch pathway regulates muscle regeneration and satellite cell commitment. However, little is known about Notch-mediated effects on other resident myogenic cells. To possibly potentiate MAB-driven regeneration in vivo, we asked whether Notch signaling played a pivotal role in regulating MAB myogenic capacity. Through different approaches of loss- and gain-of-function in murine and human MABs, we determined that the interplay between Delta-like ligand 1 (Dll1)-activated Notch1 and Mef2C supports MAB commitment in vitro and ameliorates engraftment and functional outcome after intra-arterial delivery in dystrophic mice. Furthermore, using a transgenic mouse model of conditional Dll1 deletion, we demonstrated that Dll1 ablation, either on the injected cells, or on the receiving muscle fibers, impairs MAB regenerative potential. Our data corroborate the perspective of advanced combinations of cell therapy and signaling tuning to enhance therapeutic efficaciousness of somatic stem cells.
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Luo W, Wu H, Ye Y, Li Z, Hao S, Kong L, Zheng X, Lin S, Nie Q, Zhang X. The transient expression of miR-203 and its inhibiting effects on skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1347. [PMID: 25032870 PMCID: PMC4123083 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that miR-203 is a skin-specific microRNA (miRNA) with a profound role in skin cell differentiation. However, emerging microarray and deep sequencing data revealed that miR-203 is also expressed in embryonic skeletal muscle and myoblasts. In this study, we found that miR-203 was transiently upregulated in chicken embryos on days 10 to 16 (E10-E16) and was sharply downregulated and even not expressed after E16 in chicken embryonic skeletal muscle. Histological profiles and weight variations of embryo skeletal muscle revealed that miR-203 expression is correlated with muscle development. In vitro experiments showed that miR-203 exhibited downregulated expression during myoblast differentiation into myotubes. miR-203 overexpression inhibited myoblast proliferation and differentiation, whereas its loss-of-function increased myoblast proliferation and differentiation. During myogenesis, miR-203 can target and inhibit the expression of c-JUN and MEF2C, which were important for cell proliferation and muscle development, respectively. The overexpression of c-JUN significantly promoted myoblast proliferation. Conversely, knockdown of c-JUN by siRNA suppressed myoblast proliferation. In addition, the knockdown of MEF2C by siRNA significantly inhibited myoblast differentiation. Altogether, these data not only suggested that the expression of miR-203 is transitory during chicken skeletal muscle development but also showed a novel role of miR-203 in inhibiting skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation by repressing c-JUN and MEF2C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Luo
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - H Wu
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Y Ye
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Z Li
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - S Hao
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - L Kong
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - X Zheng
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - S Lin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Q Nie
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - X Zhang
- 1] Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China [2] Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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Wang Y, Zhang C, Fang X, Zhao Y, Chen X, Sun J, Zhou Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Lan X, Chen H. Identification and profiling of microRNAs and their target genes from developing caprine skeletal Muscle. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96857. [PMID: 24818606 PMCID: PMC4018397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat is an important agricultural animal for meat production. Functional studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play an important role in various biological processes. Although studies on miRNAs expression profiles have been performed in various animals, relatively limited information about goat muscle miRNAs has been reported. To investigate the miRNAs involved in regulating different periods of skeletal muscle development, we herein performed a comprehensive research for expression profiles of caprine miRNAs during two developmental stages of skeletal muscles: fetal stage and six month-old stage. As a result, 15,627,457 and 15,593,721 clean reads were obtained from the fetal goat library (FC) and the six month old goat library (SMC), respectively. 464 known miRNAs and 83 novel miRNA candidates were identified. Furthermore, by comparing the miRNA profile, 336 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and then the potential targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted. To understand the regulatory network of miRNAs during muscle development, the mRNA expression profiles for the two development stages were characterized and 7322 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Then the potential targets of miRNAs were compared to the DEGs, the intersection of the two gene sets were screened out and called differentially expressed targets (DE-targets), which were involved in 231 pathways. Ten of the 231 pathways that have smallest P-value were shown as network figures. Based on the analysis of pathways and networks, we found that miR-424-5p and miR-29a might have important regulatory effect on muscle development, which needed to be further studied. This study provided the first global view of the miRNAs in caprine muscle tissues. Our results help elucidation of complex regulatory networks between miRNAs and mRNAs and for the study of muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingtang Fang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Zhao
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjin Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail:
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Berardi E, Annibali D, Cassano M, Crippa S, Sampaolesi M. Molecular and cell-based therapies for muscle degenerations: a road under construction. Front Physiol 2014; 5:119. [PMID: 24782779 PMCID: PMC3986550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances achieved in understanding the molecular biology of muscle cells in the past decades, there is still need for effective treatments of muscular degeneration caused by muscular dystrophies and for counteracting the muscle wasting caused by cachexia or sarcopenia. The corticosteroid medications currently in use for dystrophic patients merely help to control the inflammatory state and only slightly delay the progression of the disease. Unfortunately, walkers and wheel chairs are the only options for such patients to maintain independence and walking capabilities until the respiratory muscles become weak and the mechanical ventilation is needed. On the other hand, myostatin inhibition, IL-6 antagonism and synthetic ghrelin administration are examples of promising treatments in cachexia animal models. In both dystrophies and cachectic syndrome the muscular degeneration is extremely relevant and the translational therapeutic attempts to find a possible cure are well defined. In particular, molecular-based therapies are common options to be explored in order to exploit beneficial treatments for cachexia, while gene/cell therapies are mostly used in the attempt to induce a substantial improvement of the dystrophic muscular phenotype. This review focuses on the description of the use of molecular administrations and gene/stem cell therapy to treat muscular degenerations. It reviews previous trials using cell delivery protocols in mice and patients starting with the use of donor myoblasts, outlining the likely causes for their poor results and briefly focusing on satellite cell studies that raise new hope. Then it proceeds to describe recently identified stem/progenitor cells, including pluripotent stem cells and in relationship to their ability to home within a dystrophic muscle and to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. Different known features of various stem cells are compared in this perspective, and the few available examples of their use in animal models of muscular degeneration are reported. Since non coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), are emerging as prominent players in the regulation of stem cell fates we also provides an outline of the role of microRNAs in the control of myogenic commitment. Finally, based on our current knowledge and the rapid advance in stem cell biology, a prediction of clinical translation for cell therapy protocols combined with molecular treatments is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Berardi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Department of Development and Reproduction, KUL University of Leuven Leuven, Belgium ; Interuniversity Institute of Myology Italy
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Proliferation, Vesalius Research Center, Vlaamse Institute voor Biotechnologie Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Cassano
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology Italy ; School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Crippa
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology Italy ; Department of Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Department of Development and Reproduction, KUL University of Leuven Leuven, Belgium ; Interuniversity Institute of Myology Italy ; Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
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Torrado M, Franco D, Hernández-Torres F, Crespo-Leiro MG, Iglesias-Gil C, Castro-Beiras A, Mikhailov AT. Pitx2c is reactivated in the failing myocardium and stimulates myf5 expression in cultured cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90561. [PMID: 24595098 PMCID: PMC3942452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pitx2 (paired-like homeodomain 2 transcription factor) is crucial for heart development, but its role in heart failure (HF) remains uncertain. The present study lays the groundwork implicating Pitx2 signalling in different modalities of HF. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A variety of molecular, cell-based, biochemical, and immunochemical assays were used to evaluate: (1) Pitx2c expression in the porcine model of diastolic HF (DHF) and in patients with systolic HF (SHF) due to dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy, and (2) molecular consequences of Pitx2c expression manipulation in cardiomyocytes in vitro. In pigs, the expression of Pitx2c, physiologically downregulated in the postnatal heart, is significantly re-activated in left ventricular (LV) failing myocardium which, in turn, is associated with increased expression of a restrictive set of Pitx2 target genes. Among these, Myf5 was identified as the top upregulated gene. In vitro, forced expression of Pitx2c in cardiomyocytes, but not in skeletal myoblasts, activates Myf5 in dose-dependent manner. In addition, we demonstrate that the level of Pitx2c is upregulated in the LV-myocardium of SHF patients. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The results provide previously unrecognized evidence that Pitx2c is similarly reactivated in postnatal/adult heart at distinct HF phenotypes and suggest that Pitx2c is involved, directly or indirectly, in the regulation of Myf5 expression in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Torrado
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of La Coruña, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Alfonso Castro-Beiras
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of La Coruña, La Coruña, Spain
- University Hospital Center of La Coruña, La Coruña, Spain
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Costamagna D, Quattrocelli M, Duelen R, Sahakyan V, Perini I, Palazzolo G, Sampaolesi M. Fate choice of post-natal mesoderm progenitors: skeletal versus cardiac muscle plasticity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:615-27. [PMID: 23949444 PMCID: PMC11113798 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine for skeletal and cardiac muscles still constitutes a fascinating and ambitious frontier. In this perspective, understanding the possibilities of intrinsic cell plasticity, present in post-natal muscles, is vital to define and improve novel therapeutic strategies for acute and chronic diseases. In addition, many somatic stem cells are now crossing the boundaries of basic/translational research to enter the first clinical trials. However, it is still an open question whether a lineage switch between skeletal and cardiac adult myogenesis is possible. Therefore, this review focuses on resident somatic stem cells of post-natal skeletal and cardiac muscles and their plastic potential toward the two lineages. Furthermore, examples of myogenic lineage switch in adult stem cells are also reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domiziana Costamagna
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Duelen
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vardine Sahakyan
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giacomo Palazzolo
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, Embryo and Stem Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N4, Bus 814, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Wen Z, Mai Z, Zhang H, Chen Y, Geng D, Zhou S, Wang J. Local activation of cardiac stem cells for post-myocardial infarction cardiac repair. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 16:2549-63. [PMID: 22613044 PMCID: PMC4118225 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01589.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and resultant chronic heart failure remains extremely poor despite continuous advancements in optimal medical therapy and interventional procedures. Animal experiments and clinical trials using adult stem cell therapy following MI have shown a global improvement of myocardial function. The emergence of stem cell transplantation approaches has recently represented promising alternatives to stimulate myocardial regeneration. Regarding their tissue-specific properties, cardiac stem cells (CSCs) residing within the heart have advantages over other stem cell types to be the best cell source for cell transplantation. However, time-consuming and costly procedures to expanse cells prior to cell transplantation and the reliability of cell culture and expansion may both be major obstacles in the clinical application of CSC-based transplantation therapy after MI. The recognition that the adult heart possesses endogenous CSCs that can regenerate cardiomyocytes and vascular cells has raised the unique therapeutic strategy to reconstitute dead myocardium via activating these cells post-MI. Several strategies, such as growth factors, mircoRNAs and drugs, may be implemented to potentiate endogenous CSCs to repair infarcted heart without cell transplantation. Most molecular and cellular mechanism involved in the process of CSC-based endogenous regeneration after MI is far from understanding. This article reviews current knowledge opening up the possibilities of cardiac repair through CSCs activation in situ in the setting of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhi Wen
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Luo Y, Liu Y, Liu M, Wei J, Zhang Y, Hou J, Huang W, Wang T, Li X, He Y, Ding F, Yuan L, Cai J, Zheng F, Yang JY. Sfmbt2 10th intron-hosted miR-466(a/e)-3p are important epigenetic regulators of Nfat5 signaling, osmoregulation and urine concentration in mice. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1839:97-106. [PMID: 24389345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sfmbt2-hosted miR-466a-3p and its close relatives are often among the most significantly up-regulated or down-regulated miRNAs in responses to numerous deleterious environmental stimuli. The exact roles of these miRNAs in cellular stress responses, however, are not clear. Here we showed that many Sfmbt2-hosted miRNAs were highly hypertonic stress responsive in vitro and in vivo. In renal medulla, water deprivation induced alterations in the expression of miR-466(a/b/c/e/p)-3p in a pattern similar to that of miR-200b-3p, a known regulator of osmoresponsive transcription factor Nfat5. Remarkably, exposure of mIMCD3 cells to an arginine vasopressin analog time-dependently down-regulated the expression of miR-466(a/b/c/e/p)-3p and miR-200b-3p, which provides a novel regulatory mechanism for these osmoresponsive miRNAs. In cultured mIMCD3 cells we further demonstrated that miR-466a-3p and miR-466g were capable of targeting Nfat5 by interacting with its 3'UTR. In transgenic mice overexpressing miR-466a-3p, significant down-regulation of Nfat5 and many other osmoregulation-related genes was observed in both the renal cortex and medulla. Moreover, sustained transgenic over-expression of miR-466a-3p was found to be associated with polydipsia, polyuria and disturbed ion homeostasis and kidney morphology. Since the mature sequence of miR-466a-3p is completely equivalent to that of miR-466e-3p and that the seed sequence of miR-466a-3p is completely equivalent to that of miR-297(a/b/c)-3p, miR-466d-3p, miR-467g and miR-669d-3p, and that miR-466a-3p differs from miR-466(b/c/p)-3p only in a 5' nucleotide, we propose that miR-466a-3p and many of its close relatives are important epigenetic regulators of renal Nfat5 signaling, osmoregulation and urine concentration in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- School of Nursing, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jinpao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ying He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Transgenic Core, Xiamen University Laboratory Animal Center, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Transgenic Core, Xiamen University Laboratory Animal Center, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jianchun Cai
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Nephrology and Basic Science Laboratory, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - James Y Yang
- School of Nursing, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Fujian Provincial Transgenic Core, Xiamen University Laboratory Animal Center, Xiang'an, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Hassan N, Tchao J, Tobita K. Concise review: skeletal muscle stem cells and cardiac lineage: potential for heart repair. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 3:183-93. [PMID: 24371329 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Valuable and ample resources have been spent over the last two decades in pursuit of interventional strategies to treat the unmet demand of heart failure patients to restore myocardial structure and function. At present, it is clear that full restoration of myocardial structure and function is outside our reach from both clinical and basic research studies, but it may be achievable with a combination of ongoing research, creativity, and perseverance. Since the 1990s, skeletal myoblasts have been extensively investigated for cardiac cell therapy of congestive heart failure. Whereas the Myoblast Autologous Grafting in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (MAGIC) trial revealed that transplanted skeletal myoblasts did not integrate into the host myocardium and also did not transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes despite some beneficial effects on recipient myocardial function, recent studies suggest that skeletal muscle-derived stem cells have the ability to adopt a cardiomyocyte phenotype in vitro and in vivo. This brief review endeavors to summarize the importance of skeletal muscle stem cells and how they can play a key role to surpass current results in the future and enhance the efficacious implementation of regenerative cell therapy for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmeen Hassan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Department of Bioengineering, and McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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