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Lin YT, Lin Y, Huang SJ, Su YQ, Ran J, Yan FF, Liu XL, Hong LC, Huang M, Su HZ, Zhang XD, Su YM. The Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Maternal Nicotine Exposure in the Liver of Offspring Mice. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:212-221. [PMID: 37607987 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal nicotine exposure on the gene expression profiles in the liver of offspring mice. Pregnant mice were subcutaneously injected with either saline vehicle or nicotine twice a day on gestational days 11-21. Total RNA from the liver samples which collected from the offspring mice of postnatal day 7 and 21 was subjected to RNA sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis were conducted to identify the functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Four genes were selected for further validation by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A total of 448 DEGs and 186 DEGs were identified on postnatal day 7 and 21, respectively. GO analysis revealed that the DEGs on postnatal day 7 mainly participated in the biological functions of cell growth and proliferation, and the DEGs on postnatal day 21 mainly participated in ion transport/activity. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs on postnatal day 7 were mainly enriched in the cell cycle, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and the p53 signaling pathway, while the DEGs on postnatal day 21 were mainly enriched in neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, the calcium signaling pathway, retinol metabolism, and axon guidance. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the RNA sequencing data. The DEGs may affect the growth of liver in early postnatal period while may affect ion transport/activity in late postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shu-Jing Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Qing Su
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Ran
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fang-Fang Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xian-Lan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Long-Cheng Hong
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Su
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi-Ming Su
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Ultrasound, Siming Branch Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Maternal and Infant Health Service Application Technology, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China.
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Rodriguez AB, Parriott G, Engelhard VH. Tumor necrosis factor receptor regulation of peripheral node addressin biosynthetic components in tumor endothelial cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1009306. [PMID: 36189308 PMCID: PMC9520236 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1009306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated tertiary lymphoid structures are ectopic lymphoid aggregates that have considerable morphological, cellular, and molecular similarity to secondary lymphoid organs, particularly lymph nodes. Tumor vessels expressing peripheral node addressin (PNAd) are hallmark features of these structures. Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that PNAd is displayed on intratumoral vasculature of murine tumors, and its expression is controlled by the engagement of lymphotoxin-α3, secreted by effector CD8 T cells, with tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) on tumor endothelial cells (TEC). The goals of the present work were: 1) to identify differences in expression of genes encoding the scaffolding proteins and glycosyl transferases associated with PNAd biosynthesis in TEC and lymph node blood endothelial cells (LN BEC); and 2) to determine which of these PNAd associated components are regulated by TNFR signaling. We found that the same genes encoding scaffolding proteins and glycosyl transferases were upregulated in PNAd+ LN BEC and PNAd+ TEC relative to their PNAdneg counterparts. The lower level of PNAd expression on TEC vs LN BEC was associated with relatively lower expression of these genes, particularly the carbohydrate sulfotransferase Chst4. Loss of PNAd on TEC in the absence of TNFR signaling was associated with lack of upregulation of these same genes. A small subset of PNAd+ TEC remaining in the absence of TNFR signaling showed normal upregulation of a subset of these genes, but reduced upregulation of genes encoding the scaffolding proteins podocalyxin and nepmucin, and carbohydrate sulfotransferase Chst2. Lastly, we found that checkpoint immunotherapy augmented both the fraction of TEC expressing PNAd and their surface level of this ligand. This work points to strong similarities in the regulation of PNAd expression on TEC by TNFR signaling and on LN BEC by lymphotoxin-β receptor signaling, and provides a platform for the development of novel strategies that manipulate PNAd expression on tumor vasculature as an element of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor H. Engelhard
- Carter Immunology Center and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Victor H. Engelhard,
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Gao H, Cao M, Deng K, Yang Y, Song J, Ni M, Xie C, Fan W, Ou C, Huang D, Lin L, Liu L, Li Y, Sun H, Cheng X, Wu J, Xia C, Deng X, Mou L, Chen P. The Lineage Differentiation and Dynamic Heterogeneity of Thymic Epithelial Cells During Thymus Organogenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:805451. [PMID: 35273595 PMCID: PMC8901506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.805451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much progress has been made recently in revealing the heterogeneity of the thymic stromal components, the molecular programs of cell lineage divergency and temporal dynamics of thymic epithelial cell (TEC) development are largely elusive. Here, we constructed a single-cell transcriptional landscape of non-hematopoietic cells from mouse thymus spanning embryonic to adult stages, producing transcriptomes of 30,959 TECs. We resolved the transcriptional heterogeneity of developing TECs and highlighted the molecular nature of early TEC lineage determination and cortico-medullary thymic epithelial cell lineage divergency. We further characterized the differentiation dynamics of TECs by clarification of molecularly distinct cell states in the thymus developing trajectory. We also identified a population of Bpifa1+ Plet1+ mTECs that was preserved during thymus organogenesis and highly expressed tissue-resident adult stem cell markers. Finally, we highlighted the expression of Aire-dependent tissue-restricted antigens mainly in Aire+ Csn2+ mTECs and Spink5+ Dmkn+ mTECs in postnatal thymus. Overall, our data provided a comprehensive characterization of cell lineage differentiation, maturation, and temporal dynamics of thymic epithelial cells during thymus organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Gao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengtao Cao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinqi Song
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuntao Xie
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenna Fan
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunpei Ou
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dinggen Huang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lizhong Lin
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyu Cheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinmei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cuilan Xia
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuefeng Deng
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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4
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Metz S, Krarup NT, Bryrup T, Støy J, Andersson EA, Christoffersen C, Neville MJ, Christiansen MR, Jonsson AE, Witte DR, Kampmann U, Nielsen LB, Jørgensen NR, Karpe F, Grarup N, Pedersen O, Kilpeläinen TO, Hansen T. The Arg82Cys polymorphism of the protein nepmucin implies a role in HDL metabolism. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac034. [PMID: 35382499 PMCID: PMC8974852 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Blood lipid levels are linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease and regulated by genetic factors. A low-frequency polymorphism Arg82Cys (rs72836561) in the membrane protein nepmucin, encoded by CD300LG, is associated with lower fasting concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and higher fasting triglycerides. However, whether the variant is linked to postprandial lipids and glycemic status remains elusive. Objective Here, we augment the genetic effect of Arg82Cys on fasting plasma concentrations of HDL subclasses, postprandial lipemia after a standardized high-fat meal, and glycemic status to further untangle its role in HDL metabolism. Methods We elucidated fasting associations with HDL subclasses in a population-based cohort study (Oxford BioBank, OBB), including 4522 healthy men and women. We investigated fasting and postprandial consequences on HDL metabolism in recall-by-genotype (RbG) studies (fasting: 20 carrier/20 noncarrier; postprandial: 7 carrier/17 noncarrier), and shed light on the synergistic interaction with glycemic status. Results A lower fasting plasma concentration of cholesterol in large HDL particles was found in healthy male carriers of the Cys82 polymorphism compared to noncarriers, both in the OBB (P = .004) and RbG studies (P = .005). In addition, the Cys82 polymorphism was associated with low fasting plasma concentrations of ApoA1 (P = .008) in the OBB cohort. On the contrary, we did not find differences in postprandial lipemia or 2-hour plasma glucose levels. Conclusion Taken together, our results indicate an association between the Arg82Cys variant and a lower concentration of HDL particles and HDLc, especially in larger HDL subclasses, suggesting a link between nepmucin and HDLc metabolism or maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Metz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj T Krarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bryrup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Støy
- Aarhus University Hospital, Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ehm A Andersson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Christoffersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Malene R Christiansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna E Jonsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Ulla Kampmann
- Aarhus University Hospital, Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars B Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niklas R Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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5
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Shintani A, Fukai S, Nobusawa R, Taniguchi K, Hatatani T, Nagai H, Sakai T, Yoshimura T, Miyasaka M, Hayasaka H. Dach1 transcription factor regulates the expression of peripheral node addressin and lymphocyte trafficking in lymph nodes. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 3:175-185. [PMID: 36045707 PMCID: PMC9421177 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes regulate the immune response by circulating between the vascular and lymphatic systems. High endothelial venules, HEVs, special blood vessels expressing selective adhesion molecules, such as PNAd and MAdCAM-1, mediate naïve lymphocyte migration from the vasculature into the lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. We have identified that DACH1 is abundantly expressed in developing HEV-type endothelial cells. DACH1 showed a restricted expression pattern in lymph node blood vessels during the late fetal and early neonatal periods, corresponding to HEV development. The proportion of MAdCAM-1+ and CD34+ endothelial cells is reduced in the lymph nodes of neonatal conventional and vascular-specific Dach1-deficient mice. Dach1-deficient lymph nodes in adult mice demonstrated a lower proportion of PNAd+ cells and lower recruitment of intravenously administered lymphocytes from GFP transgenic mice. These findings suggest that DACH1 promotes the expression of HEV-selective adhesion molecules and mediates lymphocyte trafficking across HEVs into lymph nodes. The high endothelial venules, HEVs, develop in a tissue-specific manner and permit lymphocyte trafficking. The transcription factor DACH1 exhibit a restricted expression pattern in the blood vessels of developing lymph nodes. The blood vessel-specific Dach1-deficient lymph nodes exhibit a reduced proportion of HEVs and lymphocyte recruitment.
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Tanabe R, Morikawa Y. Efficient Transendothelial Migration of Latently HIV-1-Infected Cells. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081589. [PMID: 34452453 PMCID: PMC8402846 DOI: 10.3390/v13081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A small fraction of HIV-1-infected T cells forms populations of latently infected cells when they are a naive T-cell subset or in transit to a resting memory state. Latently HIV-1-infected cells reside in lymphoid tissues and serve as viral reservoirs. However, whether they systemically recirculate in the body and re-enter the lymphoid nodes are unknown. Here, we employed two in-vitro cell coculture systems mimicking the lymphatic endothelium in lymph nodes and investigated the homing potential, specifically the transendothelial migration (TEM), of two latently HIV-1-infected cell lines (J1.1 and ACH-2). In trans-well coculture systems, J1.1 and ACH-2 showed higher TEM efficiencies than their parental uninfected and acutely infected cells. The efficiency of TEM was enhanced by the presence of stromal cells, such as HS-5 and fibroblastic reticular cells. In an in-vitro reconstituted, three-dimensional coculture system in which stromal cells are embedded in collagen matrices, J1.1 showed slightly higher TEM efficiency in the presence of HS-5. In accordance with these phenotypes, latently infected cells adhered to the endothelial cells more efficiently than uninfected cells. Together, our study showed that latently HIV-1-infected cells enhanced cell adhesion and TEM abilities, suggesting their potential for efficient homing to lymph nodes.
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Nasykhova YA, Barbitoff YA, Serebryakova EA, Katserov DS, Glotov AS. Recent advances and perspectives in next generation sequencing application to the genetic research of type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2019; 10:376-395. [PMID: 31363385 PMCID: PMC6656706 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i7.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus is a common complex disease that currently affects more than 400 million people worldwide and has become a global health problem. High-throughput sequencing technologies such as whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing approaches have provided numerous new insights into the molecular bases of T2D. Recent advances in the application of sequencing technologies to T2D research include, but are not limited to: (1) Fine mapping of causal rare and common genetic variants; (2) Identification of confident gene-level associations; (3) Identification of novel candidate genes by specific scoring approaches; (4) Interrogation of disease-relevant genes and pathways by transcriptional profiling and epigenome mapping techniques; and (5) Investigation of microbial community alterations in patients with T2D. In this work we review these advances in application of next-generation sequencing methods for elucidation of T2D pathogenesis, as well as progress and challenges in implementation of this new knowledge about T2D genetics in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Nasykhova
- Laboratory of Biobanking and Genomic Medicine of Institute of Translation Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductology, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Yury A Barbitoff
- Laboratory of Biobanking and Genomic Medicine of Institute of Translation Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Bioinformatics Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Elena A Serebryakova
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductology, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Department of Genetics, City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Katserov
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
| | - Andrey S Glotov
- Laboratory of Biobanking and Genomic Medicine of Institute of Translation Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductology, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Department of Genetics, City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
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Fernandez-Flores A, Suarez Peñaranda JM, De Toro G, Alvarez Cuesta CC, Fernández-Figueras MT, Kempf W, Monteagudo C. Expression of Peripheral Node Addressins by Plasmacytic Plaque of Children, APACHE, TRAPP, and Primary Cutaneous Angioplasmacellular Hyperplasia. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 26:411-419. [PMID: 29994799 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
High-endothelial venules are a common feature of 3 types of cutaneous pseudolymphomas: pretibial lymphoplasmacytic plaque (PLP) of children, acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children (APACHE), and T-cell rich angiomatoid polypoid pseudolymphoma (TRAPP). In addition, primary cutaneous angioplasmacellular hyperplasia (PCAH) overlaps with these other 3 conditions. We intend to study the expression of peripheral node addressins in PLP, APACHE, TRAPP, and PCAH. We studied 1 case of PLP, 2 cases of APACHE, 2 cases of TRAPP, and 2 cases of PCAH. Immunostainings for MECA-79 and WT-1 were obtained in all cases. All cases showed a dense lymphohistiocytic dermal inflammatory infiltrate with abundant plasma cells. In addition, HEV were prominent in all cases. Cases of PLP, APACHE, and TRAPP expressed MECA-1. Cases of PCAH did not express MECA-1. Although PLP, APACHE, and TRAPP seem to fall under the same morphologic spectrum with different clinical representations, PCAH seems to be a different entity, with histopathologic peculiarities and a different immunophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M Suarez Peñaranda
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico.,Department of Pathology and Forensic Sciences, Univesity of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Gonzalo De Toro
- Pathology Service Puerto Montt Hospital, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | | | - Werner Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz Histologic Diagnosis, Zürich, Switzerland
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Kfir S, Basavaraja R, Wigoda N, Ben-Dor S, Orr I, Meidan R. Genomic profiling of bovine corpus luteum maturation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194456. [PMID: 29590145 PMCID: PMC5874041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To unveil novel global changes associated with corpus luteum (CL) maturation, we analyzed transcriptome data for the bovine CL on days 4 and 11, representing the developing vs. mature gland. Our analyses revealed 681 differentially expressed genes (363 and 318 on day 4 and 11, respectively), with ≥2 fold change and FDR of <5%. Different gene ontology (GO) categories were represented prominently in transcriptome data at these stages (e.g. days 4: cell cycle, chromosome, DNA metabolic process and replication and on day 11: immune response; lipid metabolic process and complement activation). Based on bioinformatic analyses, select genes expression in day 4 and 11 CL was validated with quantitative real-time PCR. Cell specific expression was also determined in enriched luteal endothelial and steroidogenic cells. Genes related to the angiogenic process such as NOS3, which maintains dilated vessels and MMP9, matrix degrading enzyme, were higher on day 4. Importantly, our data suggests day 11 CL acquire mechanisms to prevent blood vessel sprouting and promote their maturation by expressing NOTCH4 and JAG1, greatly enriched in luteal endothelial cells. Another endothelial specific gene, CD300LG, was identified here in the CL for the first time. CD300LG is an adhesion molecule enabling lymphocyte migration, its higher levels at mid cycle are expected to support the transmigration of immune cells into the CL at this stage. Together with steroidogenic genes, most of the genes regulating de-novo cholesterol biosynthetic pathway (e.g HMGCS, HMGCR) and cholesterol uptake from plasma (LDLR, APOD and APOE) were upregulated in the mature CL. These findings provide new insight of the processes involved in CL maturation including blood vessel growth and stabilization, leucocyte transmigration as well as progesterone synthesis as the CL matures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigal Kfir
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Raghavendra Basavaraja
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Wigoda
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Bioinformatics unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irit Orr
- Bioinformatics unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail:
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11
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Abstract
To investigate the effect of CD300LG-γ induction on the cytotoxic activity of CIK. Eukaryotic expression plasmid hCD300LG-γ/pEGFP-C3, which can express human CD300LG-γ, was constructed and transfected into CHO cells by lipofectamine. The expression of CD300LG-γ was confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, and Western Blot. To produce CIK cells, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and induced, respectively, by cell lysates extracted from hCD300LG-γ/CHO cells, pEGFP-C3/CHO cells, and CHO cells, concurrently with the standard CIK inductive agent. The cytotoxic activity of these CIK cells against hCD300LG-γ/CHO cells, pEGFP-C3/CHO cells, CHO cells, and K562 cells was tested. The results showed that eukaryotic expression of plasmid hCD300LG-γ/pEGFP-C3 was constructed and transfected into CHO cells successfully. After being induced by cell lysates, the cytotoxicity of hCD300LG-γ/CHO-CIK was improved compared with the other CIK cells. In particular, the activity of killing pEGFP-C3/CHO and CHO cells was improved significantly. Meanwhile, the activity of hCD300LG-γ/CHO-CIK killing K562 was improved significantly compared with the other CIK cells. The results indicated that hCD300LG-γ induction can significantly improve the killing activity of CIK cells.
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TAKEDA A, SASAKI N, MIYASAKA M. The molecular cues regulating immune cell trafficking. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 93:183-195. [PMID: 28413196 PMCID: PMC5489428 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocyte recirculation between the blood and the lymphoid/non-lymphoid tissues is an essential homeostatic mechanism that regulates humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo. This system promotes the encounter of naïve T and B cells with their specific cognate antigen presented by dendritic cells, and with the regulatory cells with which they need to interact to initiate, maintain, and terminate immune responses. The constitutive lymphocyte trafficking is mediated by particular types of blood vessels, including the high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, and the flat-walled venules in non-lymphoid tissues including the skin. The lymphocyte migration across HEVs involves tethering/rolling, arrest/firm adhesion/intraluminal crawling, and transendothelial migration. On the other hand, relatively little is known about how lymphocytes and other types of cells migrate across the venules of non-lymphoid tissues. Here we summarize recent findings about the molecular mechanisms that govern immune cell trafficking, including the roles of chemokines and lysophospholipids in regulating immune cell motility and endothelial permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira TAKEDA
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Naoko SASAKI
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masayuki MIYASAKA
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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13
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Weinstein AM, Storkus WJ. Biosynthesis and Functional Significance of Peripheral Node Addressin in Cancer-Associated TLO. Front Immunol 2016; 7:301. [PMID: 27555845 PMCID: PMC4977569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral node addressin (PNAd) marks high endothelial venules (HEV), which are crucial for the recruitment of lymphocytes into lymphoid organs in non-mucosal tissue sites. PNAd is a sulfated and fucosylated glycoprotein recognized by the prototypic monoclonal antibody, MECA-79. PNAd is the ligand for L-selectin, which is expressed on the surface of naive and central memory T cells, where it mediates leukocyte rolling on vascular endothelial surfaces. Although PNAd was first identified in the HEV of peripheral lymph nodes, recent work suggests a critical role for PNAd in the context of chronic inflammatory diseases, where it can be used as a marker for the formation of tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs). TLO form in tissues impacted by sustained inflammation, such as the tumor microenvironment where they function as local sites of adaptive immune cell priming. This allows for specific B- and T-cell responses to be initiated or reactivated in inflamed tissues without dependency on secondary lymphoid organs. Recent studies of cancer in mice and humans have identified PNAd as a biomarker of improved disease prognosis. Blockade of PNAd or its ligand, L-selectin, can abrogate protective antitumor immunity in murine models. This review examines pathways regulating PNAd biosynthesis by the endothelial cells integral to HEV and the formation and maintenance of lymphoid structures throughout the body, particularly in the setting of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyah M Weinstein
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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14
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Dual functions of Rap1 are crucial for T-cell homeostasis and prevention of spontaneous colitis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8982. [PMID: 26634692 PMCID: PMC4686857 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rap1-GTP activates leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) to induce arrest on the high endothelial venule (HEV). Here we show that Rap1-GDP restrains rolling behaviours of T cells on the peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd), P-selectin and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MadCAM-1) by inhibiting tether formation. Consequently, Rap1 deficiency impairs homing of naive T cells to peripheral lymph nodes, but accelerates homing of TH17 and TH1 cells to the colon, resulting in spontaneous colitis with tumours. Rap1-GDP associates with and activates lymphocyte-oriented kinase, which phosphorylates ERM (ezrin, radixin and moesin) in resting T cells. Phosphomimetic ezrin reduces the rolling of Rap1-deficient cells, and thereby decreases their homing into the colon. On the other hand, chemokines activate Rap1 at the plasma membrane within seconds, and Rap1-GTP binds to filamins, which diminishes its association with the β2 chain of LFA-1 and results in LFA-1 activation. This Rap1-dependent regulation of T-cell circulation prevents the onset of colitis. Rap1, a member of the Ras family of small guanine triphosphatases, mediates lymphocyte adhesion to high endothelial venules. Here the authors show that depending on its activation status Rap1 plays a dual role in T cell adhesion and by regulating T cell homeostasis is involved in the protection from colitis.
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15
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Surakka I, Horikoshi M, Mägi R, Sarin AP, Mahajan A, Lagou V, Marullo L, Ferreira T, Miraglio B, Timonen S, Kettunen J, Pirinen M, Karjalainen J, Thorleifsson G, Hägg S, Hottenga JJ, Isaacs A, Ladenvall C, Beekman M, Esko T, Ried JS, Nelson CP, Willenborg C, Gustafsson S, Westra HJ, Blades M, de Craen AJM, de Geus EJ, Deelen J, Grallert H, Hamsten A, Havulinna AS, Hengstenberg C, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Hyppönen E, Karssen LC, Lehtimäki T, Lyssenko V, Magnusson PKE, Mihailov E, Müller-Nurasyid M, Mpindi JP, Pedersen NL, Penninx BWJH, Perola M, Pers TH, Peters A, Rung J, Smit JH, Steinthorsdottir V, Tobin MD, Tsernikova N, van Leeuwen EM, Viikari JS, Willems SM, Willemsen G, Schunkert H, Erdmann J, Samani NJ, Kaprio J, Lind L, Gieger C, Metspalu A, Slagboom PE, Groop L, van Duijn CM, Eriksson JG, Jula A, Salomaa V, Boomsma DI, Power C, Raitakari OT, Ingelsson E, Järvelin MR, Stefansson K, Franke L, Ikonen E, Kallioniemi O, Pietiäinen V, Lindgren CM, Thorsteinsdottir U, Palotie A, McCarthy MI, Morris AP, Prokopenko I, Ripatti S. The impact of low-frequency and rare variants on lipid levels. Nat Genet 2015; 47:589-97. [PMID: 25961943 PMCID: PMC4757735 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Using a genome-wide screen of 9.6 million genetic variants achieved through 1000 Genomes Project imputation in 62,166 samples, we identify association to lipid traits in 93 loci, including 79 previously identified loci with new lead SNPs and 10 new loci, 15 loci with a low-frequency lead SNP and 10 loci with a missense lead SNP, and 2 loci with an accumulation of rare variants. In six loci, SNPs with established function in lipid genetics (CELSR2, GCKR, LIPC and APOE) or candidate missense mutations with predicted damaging function (CD300LG and TM6SF2) explained the locus associations. The low-frequency variants increased the proportion of variance explained, particularly for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Altogether, our results highlight the impact of low-frequency variants in complex traits and show that imputation offers a cost-effective alternative to resequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Surakka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Antti-Pekka Sarin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Letizia Marullo
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Genetic Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin Miraglio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Timonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Karjalainen
- University of Croningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, EMGO institute for Health and Care research, VU University & VU medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Claes Ladenvall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Janina S Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Disease Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Christina Willenborg
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V. (DZHK), Partnersite Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- University of Croningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Blades
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Support Hub (B/BASH), University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Anton JM de Craen
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, EMGO institute for Health and Care research, VU University & VU medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Deelen
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - Germany Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- Unit of Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Elina Hyppönen
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- School of population Health and Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lennart C Karssen
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Patrik KE Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - John-Patrick Mpindi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenda WJH Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tune H Pers
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - Germany Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Johan Rung
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Johannes H Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Elisabeth M van Leeuwen
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorma S Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sara M Willems
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, EMGO institute for Health and Care research, VU University & VU medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V. (DZHK), Partnersite Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Disease Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- The Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leif Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Unit of Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, EMGO institute for Health and Care research, VU University & VU medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Power
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE), Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lude Franke
- University of Croningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elina Ikonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilja Pietiäinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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16
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Sakai Y, Kobayashi M. Lymphocyte 'homing' and chronic inflammation. Pathol Int 2015; 65:344-54. [PMID: 25831975 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a response to prolonged exposure to injurious stimuli that harm and destroy tissues and promote lymphocyte infiltration into inflamed sites. Following progressive accumulation of lymphocytes, the histology of inflamed tissue begins to resemble that of peripheral lymphoid organs, which can be referred to as lymphoid neogenesis or formation of tertiary lymphoid tissues. Lymphocyte recruitment to inflamed tissues is also reminiscent of lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymphoid organs. In the latter, under physiological conditions, homing receptors expressed on lymphocytes adhere to vascular addressin expressed on high endothelial venules (HEVs), initiating a lymphocyte migration process composed of sequential adhesive interactions. Intriguingly, in chronic inflammation, HEV-like vessels are induced de novo, despite the fact that the inflamed site is not originally lymphoid tissue, and these vessels contribute to lymphocyte recruitment in a manner similar to physiological lymphocyte homing. In this review, we first describe physiological lymphocyte homing mechanisms focusing on vascular addressins. We then describe HEV-like vessel-mediated pathogenesis seen in various chronic inflammatory disorders such as Helicobacter pylori gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), autoimmune pancreatitis and sclerosing sialadenitis, as well as chronic inflammatory cell neoplasm MALT lymphoma, with reference to our work and that of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Sakai
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
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17
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Molecular mechanisms of CD8(+) T cell trafficking and localization. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2461-73. [PMID: 25577280 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells are potent mediators of host protection against disease due to their ability to directly kill cells infected with intracellular pathogens and produce inflammatory cytokines at the site of infection. To fully achieve this objective, naïve CD8(+) T cells must be able to survey the entire body for the presence of foreign or "non-self" antigen that is delivered to draining lymph nodes following infection or tissue injury. Once activated, CD8(+) T cells undergo many rounds of cell division, acquire effector functions, and are no longer restricted to the circulation and lymphoid compartments like their naïve counterparts, but rather are drawn to inflamed tissues to combat infection. As CD8(+) T cells transition from naïve to effector to memory populations, this is accompanied by dynamic changes in the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors that ultimately dictate their localization in vivo. Thus, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating CD8(+) T cell trafficking and localization is critical for vaccine design, control of infectious diseases, treatment of autoimmune disorders, and cancer immunotherapy.
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18
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Blood pressure levels in male carriers of Arg82Cys in CD300LG. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109646. [PMID: 25314291 PMCID: PMC4196928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetics of hypertension has been scrutinized in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with a large number of common genetic variants identified, each exerting subtle effects on disease susceptibility. An amino acid polymorphism, p.Arg82Cys, in CD300LG was recently found to be associated with fasting HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The polymorphism has not been detected in hypertension GWAS potentially due to its low frequency, but CD300LG has been linked to blood pressure as CD300LG knockout mice have changes in blood pressure. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure was obtained in human CD300LG CT-carriers to follow up on these observations. Methods Twenty healthy male CD300LG rs72836561 CT-carriers matched for age and BMI with 20 healthy male CC-carriers. Office blood pressure, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and fasting blood samples were evaluated. The clinical study was combined with a genetic-epidemiological study to replicate the association between blood pressure and CD300LG Arg82Cys in 2,637 men and 3,249 women. Results CT-carriers had a higher 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure (122 mmHg versus 115; p = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (77 mmHg versus 72; p<0.01) compared with CC-carriers. There were no differences in CIMT between the two groups. Metalloproteinase-9 level was higher in CT-carriers than in CC-carriers (P<0.01). However, no association between office blood pressure and CD300LG genotype was detected in the genetic-epidemiological study. Conclusions Although 24-hour blood pressure, measured with a sensitive method, in a small sample of CD300LG rs72836561 CT-carriers was higher than in CC-carriers, this did not translate into significant differences in office blood pressure in a larger cohort. This discrepancy which may reflect differences in methodological approach, underlines the importance of performing replication studies in a larger clinical context, but a formal rejection of a relation between blood pressure and CD300LG requires measurement of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in a larger cohort.
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Totsuka N, Kim YG, Kanemaru K, Niizuma K, Umemoto E, Nagai K, Tahara-Hanaoka S, Nakahasi-Oda C, Honda SI, Miyasaka M, Shibuya K, Shibuya A. Toll-like receptor 4 and MAIR-II/CLM-4/LMIR2 immunoreceptor regulate VLA-4-mediated inflammatory monocyte migration. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4710. [PMID: 25134989 PMCID: PMC4143930 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory monocytes play an important role in host defense against infections. However, the regulatory mechanisms of transmigration into infected tissue are not yet completely understood. Here we show that mice deficient in MAIR-II (also called CLM-4 or LMIR2) are more susceptible to caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced peritonitis than wild-type (WT) mice. Adoptive transfer of inflammatory monocytes from WT mice, but not from MAIR-II, TLR4 or MyD88-deficient mice, significantly improves survival of MAIR-II-deficient mice after CLP. Migration of inflammatory monocytes into the peritoneal cavity after CLP, which is dependent on VLA-4, is impaired in above mutant and FcRγ chain-deficient mice. Lipopolysaccharide stimulation induces association of MAIR-II with FcRγ chain and Syk, leading to enhancement of VLA-4-mediated adhesion to VCAM-1. These results indicate that activation of MAIR-II/FcRγ chain by TLR4/MyD88-mediated signalling is essential for the transmigration of inflammatory monocytes from the blood to sites of infection mediated by VLA-4. Inflammatory monocytes play an important role in host defense against infections. Here the authors provide insights into the mechanism behind the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes to sites of infection by demonstrating the involvement of Toll-like receptor 4 and MAIR-II immunoreceptors in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Totsuka
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [3] Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Dr-4111 CCGC, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kazumasa Kanemaru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kouta Niizuma
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kei Nagai
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Chigusa Nakahasi-Oda
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Honda
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuko Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- 1] Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan [3] Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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20
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Umemoto E, Takeda A, Jin S, Luo Z, Nakahogi N, Hayasaka H, Lee CM, Tanaka T, Miyasaka M. Dynamic changes in endothelial cell adhesion molecule nepmucin/CD300LG expression under physiological and pathological conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83681. [PMID: 24376728 PMCID: PMC3871519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells often change their phenotype to adapt to their local microenvironment. Here we report that the vascular endothelial adhesion molecule nepmucin/CD300LG, which is implicated in lymphocyte binding and transmigration, shows unique expression patterns in the microvascular endothelial cells of different tissues. Under physiological conditions, nepmucin/CD300LG was constitutively and selectively expressed at the luminal surface of the small arterioles, venules, and capillaries of most tissues, but it was only weakly expressed in the microvessels of the splenic red pulp and thymic medulla. Furthermore, it was barely detectable in immunologically privileged sites such as the brain, testis, and uterus. The nepmucin/CD300LG expression rapidly decreased in lymph nodes receiving acute inflammatory signals, and this loss was mediated at least in part by TNF-α. It was also down-regulated in tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes, indicating that nepmucin/CD300LG expression is negatively regulated by locally produced signals under these circumstances. In contrast, nepmucin/CD300LG was induced in the high endothelial venule-like blood vessels of chronically inflamed pancreatic islets in an animal model of non-obese diabetes. Interestingly, the activated CD4+ T cells infiltrating the inflamed pancreas expressed high levels of the nepmucin/CD300LG ligand(s), supporting the idea that nepmucin/CD300LG and its ligand interactions are locally involved in pathological T cell trafficking. Taken together, these observations indicate that the nepmucin/CD300LG expression in microvascular endothelial cells is influenced by factor(s) that are locally produced in tissues, and that its expression is closely correlated with the level of leukocyte infiltration in certain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akira Takeda
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Soojung Jin
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Zhijuan Luo
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakahogi
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruko Hayasaka
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chun Man Lee
- Medical Center for Translational Research, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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21
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Pelham CJ, Agrawal DK. Emerging roles for triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells receptor family signaling in inflammatory diseases. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2013; 10:243-56. [PMID: 24325404 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.866519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune receptors represent important therapeutic targets for inflammatory disorders. In particular, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family has emerged as a promoter of chronic inflammation that contributes to obesity, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Importantly, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has been characterized as an 'amplifier' of TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. TREM-1- and TREM-2-dependent signaling, as opposed to TREM-like transcript-1 (TLT-1 or TREML1), are mediated through association with the transmembrane adaptor DNAX activation protein of 12 kDa (DAP12). Recessive inheritance of rare mutations in DAP12 or TREM-2 results in a disorder called polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy, and surprisingly these subjects are not immunocompromised. Recent progress into the roles of TREM/DAP12 signaling is critically reviewed here with a focus on metabolic, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. The expanding repertoire of putative ligands for TREM receptors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Pelham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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22
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Jiang X, Wang H, Li Z, Wei D, Yang Y, Zheng X, Bi J, Zhang C. A monoclonal antibody against a novel Sialomucin CD300LG. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2013; 32:91-7. [PMID: 23607343 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2012.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD300LG is a novel O-glycosylated member of the CD300 antigen-like family. Besides a classical mucin-like domain, it contains a V-type Ig domain. CD300LG binds lymphocyte L-selectin via its Ig domain and supports lymphocyte rolling via its mucin-like domain. The unique structure and function of CD300LG suggest it may play an important role in inflammation. For preparation of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against human CD300LG, prokaryotic and eukaryotic expressing human CD300LG proteins were used as immunogen and detection antigen, respectively. One stable strain of hybridomas (3C7C5A6) was successfully established using the hybridoma technique. The Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses demonstrated that the MAb was directed against human CD300LG with high specificity. This antibody could possibly facilitate studies on the pathomechanism of inflammation and may have the potential to be a means of effective anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Jiang
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Albrechtsen A, Grarup N, Li Y, Sparsø T, Tian G, Cao H, Jiang T, Kim SY, Korneliussen T, Li Q, Nie C, Wu R, Skotte L, Morris AP, Ladenvall C, Cauchi S, Stančáková A, Andersen G, Astrup A, Banasik K, Bennett AJ, Bolund L, Charpentier G, Chen Y, Dekker JM, Doney ASF, Dorkhan M, Forsen T, Frayling TM, Groves CJ, Gui Y, Hallmans G, Hattersley AT, He K, Hitman GA, Holmkvist J, Huang S, Jiang H, Jin X, Justesen JM, Kristiansen K, Kuusisto J, Lajer M, Lantieri O, Li W, Liang H, Liao Q, Liu X, Ma T, Ma X, Manijak MP, Marre M, Mokrosiński J, Morris AD, Mu B, Nielsen AA, Nijpels G, Nilsson P, Palmer CNA, Rayner NW, Renström F, Ribel-Madsen R, Robertson N, Rolandsson O, Rossing P, Schwartz TW, Slagboom PE, Sterner M, Tang M, Tarnow L, Tuomi T, van’t Riet E, van Leeuwen N, Varga TV, Vestmar MA, Walker M, Wang B, Wang Y, Wu H, Xi F, Yengo L, Yu C, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Zheng H, Zhou Y, Altshuler D, ‘t Hart LM, Franks PW, Balkau B, Froguel P, McCarthy MI, Laakso M, Groop L, Christensen C, Brandslund I, Lauritzen T, Witte DR, Linneberg A, Jørgensen T, Hansen T, Wang J, Nielsen R, Pedersen O. Exome sequencing-driven discovery of coding polymorphisms associated with common metabolic phenotypes. Diabetologia 2013; 56:298-310. [PMID: 23160641 PMCID: PMC3536959 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Human complex metabolic traits are in part regulated by genetic determinants. Here we applied exome sequencing to identify novel associations of coding polymorphisms at minor allele frequencies (MAFs) >1% with common metabolic phenotypes. METHODS The study comprised three stages. We performed medium-depth (8×) whole exome sequencing in 1,000 cases with type 2 diabetes, BMI >27.5 kg/m(2) and hypertension and in 1,000 controls (stage 1). We selected 16,192 polymorphisms nominally associated (p < 0.05) with case-control status, from four selected annotation categories or from loci reported to associate with metabolic traits. These variants were genotyped in 15,989 Danes to search for association with 12 metabolic phenotypes (stage 2). In stage 3, polymorphisms showing potential associations were genotyped in a further 63,896 Europeans. RESULTS Exome sequencing identified 70,182 polymorphisms with MAF >1%. In stage 2 we identified 51 potential associations with one or more of eight metabolic phenotypes covered by 45 unique polymorphisms. In meta-analyses of stage 2 and stage 3 results, we demonstrated robust associations for coding polymorphisms in CD300LG (fasting HDL-cholesterol: MAF 3.5%, p = 8.5 × 10(-14)), COBLL1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 12.5%, OR 0.88, p = 1.2 × 10(-11)) and MACF1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 23.4%, OR 1.10, p = 8.2 × 10(-10)). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We applied exome sequencing as a basis for finding genetic determinants of metabolic traits and show the existence of low-frequency and common coding polymorphisms with impact on common metabolic traits. Based on our study, coding polymorphisms with MAF above 1% do not seem to have particularly high effect sizes on the measured metabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Albrechtsen
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N. Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Y. Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - T. Sparsø
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - H. Cao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - T. Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - S. Y. Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Bldg #3140, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140 USA
| | - T. Korneliussen
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Q. Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - C. Nie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - R. Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - L. Skotte
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C. Ladenvall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University and Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S. Cauchi
- UMR CNRS 8199, Genomic and Metabolic Disease, Lille, France
| | - A. Stančáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - G. Andersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - A. Astrup
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K. Banasik
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - A. J. Bennett
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L. Bolund
- Institute of Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - G. Charpentier
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, Corbeil-Essonnes Hospital, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Y. Chen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - J. M. Dekker
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A. S. F. Doney
- Diabetes Research Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
- Pharmacogenomics Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - M. Dorkhan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University and Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - T. Forsen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Health Care Center, Vaasa, Finland
| | - T. M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - C. J. Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Y. Gui
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - G. Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A. T. Hattersley
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - K. He
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - G. A. Hitman
- Centre for Diabetes, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - J. Holmkvist
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Vipergen Aps, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - H. Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - X. Jin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - J. M. Justesen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - K. Kristiansen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M. Lajer
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - O. Lantieri
- Institut inter Regional pour la Santé (IRSA), La Riche, France
| | - W. Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - H. Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - Q. Liao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - X. Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - T. Ma
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - X. Ma
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - M. P. Manijak
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - M. Marre
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Inserm U695, Université Denis Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - J. Mokrosiński
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. D. Morris
- Diabetes Research Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
- Pharmacogenomics Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - B. Mu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - A. A. Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - G. Nijpels
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - C. N. A. Palmer
- Diabetes Research Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
- Pharmacogenomics Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - N. W. Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - F. Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåna University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - R. Ribel-Madsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - N. Robertson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - O. Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P. Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - T. W. Schwartz
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P. E. Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Center for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M. Sterner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University and Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - M. Tang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - L. Tarnow
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - T. Tuomi
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E. van’t Riet
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N. van Leeuwen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T. V. Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåna University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M. A. Vestmar
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Walker
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - B. Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - Y. Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - H. Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - F. Xi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - L. Yengo
- UMR CNRS 8199, Genomic and Metabolic Disease, Lille, France
| | - C. Yu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - X. Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - J. Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - Q. Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - W. Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - H. Zheng
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - Y. Zhou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
| | - D. Altshuler
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - L. M. ‘t Hart
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - P. W. Franks
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåna University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - B. Balkau
- Inserm CESP U1018, Villejuif, France
| | - P. Froguel
- UMR CNRS 8199, Genomic and Metabolic Disease, Lille, France
- Genomic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - M. Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - L. Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University and Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - C. Christensen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - I. Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - T. Lauritzen
- Department of General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - T. Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - T. Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - J. Wang
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, 518083 Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R. Nielsen
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Bldg #3140, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140 USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - O. Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DIKU Building, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Hagedorn Research Institute, Gentofte, Denmark
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
The CD300 family of molecules modulates a broad and diverse array of immune cell processes via their paired activating and inhibitory receptor functions. The description that CD300 molecules are able to recognize lipids, such as extracellular ceramide, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine, that are exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of dead and activated cells has opened a new field of research. Through their binding to lipids and other ligands, this family of receptors is poised to have a significant role in complex biological processes and in the host response to severe pathological conditions. Indeed, published data have demonstrated their participation in the pathogenesis of several disease states. Moreover, this family of receptors has great potential as targets for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes in infectious diseases, allergies, cancer, and other pathological situations. For instance, one member of the family, CD300a, has been studied as a possible biomarker. Here, a review is provided on the cellular distribution of the human and mouse families of receptors, the stimuli that regulate their expression, their ability to tune leukocyte function and immune responses, their signaling pathways, ligand recognition, and their clinical relevance.
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Girard JP, Moussion C, Förster R. HEVs, lymphatics and homeostatic immune cell trafficking in lymph nodes. Nat Rev Immunol 2012; 12:762-73. [DOI: 10.1038/nri3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Umemoto E, Otani K, Ikeno T, Verjan Garcia N, Hayasaka H, Bai Z, Jang MH, Tanaka T, Nagasawa T, Ueda K, Miyasaka M. Constitutive plasmacytoid dendritic cell migration to the splenic white pulp is cooperatively regulated by CCR7- and CXCR4-mediated signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:191-9. [PMID: 22634622 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although the spleen plays an important role in host defense against infection, the mechanism underlying the migration of the innate immune cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), into the spleen remains ill defined. In this article, we report that pDCs constitutively migrate into the splenic white pulp (WP) in a manner dependent on the chemokine receptors CCR7 and CXCR4. In CCR7-deficient mice and CCR7 ligand-deficient mice, compared with wild-type (WT) mice, substantially fewer pDCs were found in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath of the splenic WP under steady-state conditions. In addition, the migration of adoptively transferred CCR7-deficient pDCs into the WP was significantly worse than that of WT pDCs, supporting the idea that pDC trafficking to the splenic WP requires CCR7 signaling. WT pDCs responded to a CCR7 ligand with modest chemotaxis and ICAM-1 binding in vitro, and priming with the CCR7 ligand enabled the pDCs to migrate efficiently toward low concentrations of CXCL12 in a CXCR4-dependent manner, raising the possibility that CCR7 signaling enhances CXCR4-mediated pDC migration. In agreement with this hypothesis, CCL21 and CXCL12 were colocalized on fibroblastic reticular cells in the T cell zone and in the marginal zone bridging channels, through which pDCs appeared to enter the WP. Furthermore, functional blockage of CCR7 and CXCR4 abrogated pDC trafficking into the WP. Collectively, these results strongly suggest that pDCs employ both CCR7 and CXCR4 as critical chemokine receptors to migrate into the WP under steady-state conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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27
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Kasprzak A, Surdacka A, Tomczak M, Konkol M. Role of high endothelial postcapillary venules and selected adhesion molecules in periodontal diseases: a review. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:1-21. [PMID: 22582923 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01492.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is accompanied by the proliferation of small blood vessels in the gingival lamina propria. Specialized postcapillary venules, termed periodontal high endothelial-like venules, are also present, and demonstrate morphological and functional traits similar to those of high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymphatic organs. The suggested role of HEVs in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis involves participation in leukocyte transendothelial migration and therefore proinflammatory effects appear. Recent observations suggest that chronic periodontitis is an independent risk factor for systemic vascular disease and may result in stimulation of the synthesis of acute phase protein by cytokines released by periodontal high endothelial cells (HECs). However, tissue expression of HEV-linked adhesion molecules has not been evaluated in the gingiva of patients with chronic periodontitis. This is significant in relation to potential therapy targeting expression of the adhesion molecules. In this review, current knowledge of HEV structure and the related expression of four surface adhesion molecules of HECs [CD34, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, endoglin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)], involved in the key steps of the adhesion cascade in periodontal diseases, are discussed. Most studies on the expression of adhesion molecules in the development and progression of periodontal diseases pertain to ICAM-1 (CD54). Studies by the authors demonstrated quantitatively similar expression of three of four selected surface markers in gingival HEVs of patients with chronic periodontitis and in HEVs of reactive lymph nodes, confirming morphological and functional similarity of HEVs in pathologically altered tissues with those in lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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28
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Comas-Casellas E, Martínez-Barriocanal Á, Miró F, Ejarque-Ortiz A, Schwartz S, Martín M, Sayós J. Cloning and characterization of CD300d, a novel member of the human CD300 family of immune receptors. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:9682-9693. [PMID: 22291008 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.279224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we present the cloning and molecular characterization of CD300d, a member of the human CD300 family of immune receptors. CD300d cDNA was cloned from RNA obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and RT-PCR revealed the gene to be expressed in cells of myeloid lineage. The cloned cDNA encoded for a type I protein with a single extracellular Ig V-type domain and a predicted molecular mass of 21.5 kDa. The short cytoplasmic tail is lacking in any known signaling motif, but there is a negatively charged residue (glutamic acid) within the transmembrane domain. CD300d forms complexes with the CD300 family members, with the exception of CD300c. Contrary to other activating members of the CD300 family of receptors, surface expression of CD300d in COS-7-transfected cells required the presence of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activating motif-bearing adaptor (FcεRγ). Accordingly, we found that CD300d was able to recruit FcεRγ. Unexpectedly, we could not detect CD300d on the surface of cells expressing FcεRγ, suggesting the existence of unknown mechanisms regulating the trafficking of this molecule. The presence of other CD300 molecules also did not modify the intracellular expression of CD300d. In fact, the presence of CD300d decreased the levels of surface expression of CD300f but not CD300c. Our data suggest that the function of CD300d would be related to the regulation of the expression of other CD300 molecules and the composition of CD300 complexes on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Comas-Casellas
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Águeda Martínez-Barriocanal
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain,.
| | - Francesc Miró
- Gene Translation Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona 08028, Spain, and
| | - Aroa Ejarque-Ortiz
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Simo Schwartz
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain,; Drug Delivery and Targeting Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Margarita Martín
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Joan Sayós
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain,.
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29
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Jian R, Sun Y, Wang Y, Yu J, Zhong L, Zhou P. CD73 protects kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury through reduction of free radicals. APMIS 2011; 120:130-8. [PMID: 22229268 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) may cause severe systemic diseases. Extracellular adenosine is anti-inflammatory especially during hypoxemia. As ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is the rate-limiting enzyme for extracellular adenosine generation, it may protect renal IRI through adenosine production. In the current studies, we investigated the effects of CD73 in genetically modified mice. We found that renal IRI caused more serious histological injury, vascular permeability, and lipid peroxidation in CD73(-/-) than that in CD73(+/+) mice. In addition, AMP and free radical concentrations were much higher in CD73(-/-) than that in CD73(+/+) mice. Our data support the fact that CD73 may protect the kidney from IRI through adenosine production and a reduction of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Jian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
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30
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Cannon JP, O'Driscoll M, Litman GW. Specific lipid recognition is a general feature of CD300 and TREM molecules. Immunogenetics 2011; 64:39-47. [PMID: 21800138 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-011-0562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
CD300, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM), and TREM-like (TREML) receptors are important regulators of the mammalian immune response. Homologs of these receptors, which occur in activating and inhibitory transmembrane forms as well as soluble variants, are found throughout the jawed vertebrates. Specific ligands for most members of these receptor families remain elusive. We report here that at least 11 separate receptors from the CD300, TREM, and TREML families engage in robust and specific interactions with major polar lipids found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell membranes. Both soluble and membrane-bound receptor forms exhibit lipid interactions in the solid phase as well as in a physiological signaling context. Overlapping but distinctive patterns of receptor specificity suggest that the CD300/TREM system as a whole may discriminate immunological stimuli based on lipid signatures, thereby influencing downstream responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Cannon
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Avenue South, CRI 3008, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
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31
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Czömpöly T, Lábadi A, Kellermayer Z, Olasz K, Arnold HH, Balogh P. Transcription factor Nkx2-3 controls the vascular identity and lymphocyte homing in the spleen. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:6981-9. [PMID: 21593383 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The vasculature in the spleen and peripheral lymph nodes (pLNs) is considerably different, which affects both homing of lymphocytes and antigenic access to these peripheral lymphoid organs. In this paper, we demonstrate that in mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx2-3, the spleen develops a pLN-like mRNA expression signature, coupled with the appearance of high endothelial venules (HEVs) that mediate L-selectin-dependent homing of lymphocytes into the mutant spleen. These ectopic HEV-like vessels undergo postnatal maturation and progressively replace MAdCAM-1 by pLN addressin together with the display of CCL21 arrest chemokine in a process that is reminiscent of HEV formation in pLNs. Similarly to pLNs, development of HEV-like vessels in the Nkx2-3-deficient spleen depends on lymphotoxin-β receptor-mediated signaling. The replacement of splenic vessels with a pLN-patterned vasculature impairs the recirculation of adoptively transferred lymphocytes and reduces the uptake of blood-borne pathogens. The Nkx2-3 mutation in BALB/c background causes a particularly disturbed splenic architecture, characterized by the near complete lack of the red pulp, without affecting lymph nodes. Thus, our observations reveal that the organ-specific patterning of splenic vasculature is critically regulated by Nkx2-3, thereby profoundly affecting the lymphocyte homing mechanism and blood filtering capacity of the spleen in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Czömpöly
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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32
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Hayasaka H, Taniguchi K, Fukai S, Miyasaka M. Neogenesis and development of the high endothelial venules that mediate lymphocyte trafficking. Cancer Sci 2010; 101:2302-8. [PMID: 20726857 PMCID: PMC11158135 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01687.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological recruitment of lymphocytes from the blood into lymph nodes and Peyer's patches is mediated by high endothelial venules (HEV), specialized blood vessels found in secondary lymphoid tissues except for the spleen. The HEV are distinguished from other types of blood vessels by their tall and plump endothelial cells, and by their expression of specific chemokines and adhesion molecules, which all contribute to the selective lymphocyte trafficking across these blood vessels. The development of HEV is ontogenically regulated, and they appear perinatally in the mouse. High endothelial venules can appear ectopically, for instance in chronically inflamed tissues. Given that HEV enable the efficient trafficking of lymphocytes into tissues, the induction of HEV at a tumor site could potentiate tumor-specific immune responses, and the artificial manipulation of HEV neogenesis might thus provide a new tool for cancer immunotherapy. However, the process of HEV development and the mechanisms by which the unique features of HEV are maintained are incompletely understood. In this review, we discuss the process of HEV neogenesis and development during ontogeny, and their molecular requirements for maintaining their unique characteristics under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Hayasaka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Laboratory of Immunodynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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33
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Leppänen A, Parviainen V, Ahola-Iivarinen E, Kalkkinen N, Cummings RD. Human L-selectin preferentially binds synthetic glycosulfopeptides modeled after endoglycan and containing tyrosine sulfate residues and sialyl Lewis x in core 2 O-glycans. Glycobiology 2010; 20:1170-85. [PMID: 20507883 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwq083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoglycan is a mucin-like glycoprotein expressed by endothelial cells and some leukocytes and is recognized by L-selectin, a C-type lectin important in leukocyte trafficking and extravasation during inflammation. Here, we show that recombinant L-selectin and human T lymphocytes expressing L-selectin bind to synthetic glycosulfopeptides (GSPs). These synthetic glycosulfopeptides contain 37 amino acid residues modeled after the N-terminus of human endoglycan and contain one or two tyrosine sulfates (TyrSO(3)) along with a nearby core-2-based Thr-linked O-glycan with sialyl Lewis x (C2-SLe(x)). TyrSO(3) at position Y118 was more critical for binding than at Y97. C2-SLe(x) at T124 was required for L-selectin recognition. Interestingly, under similar conditions, neither L-selectin nor T lymphocytes showed appreciable binding to the sulfated carbohydrate epitope 6-sulfo-SLe(x). P-selectin also bound to endoglycan-based GSPs but with lower affinity than toward GSPs modeled after PSGL-1, the physiological ligand for P- and L-selectin that is expressed on leukocytes. These results demonstrate that TyrSO(3) residues in association with a C2-SLe(x) moiety within endoglycan and PSGL-1 are preferentially recognized by L-selectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Leppänen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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34
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Czajkowsky DM, Salanti A, Ditlev SB, Shao Z, Ghumra A, Rowe JA, Pleass RJ. IgM, Fc mu Rs, and malarial immune evasion. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2010; 184:4597-603. [PMID: 20410497 PMCID: PMC2859470 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IgM is an ancestral Ab class found in all jawed vertebrates, from sharks to mammals. This ancient ancestry is shared by malaria parasites (genus Plasmodium) that infect all classes of terrestrial vertebrates with whom they coevolved. IgM, the least studied and most enigmatic of the vertebrate Igs, was recently shown to form an intimate relationship with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. In this article, we discuss how this association might have come about, building on the recently determined structure of the human IgM pentamer, and how this interaction could affect parasite survival, particularly in light of the just-discovered Fc mu R localized to B and T cell surfaces. Because this parasite may exploit an interaction with IgM to limit immune detection, as well as to manipulate the immune response when detected, a better understanding of this association may prove critical for the development of improved vaccines or vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Czajkowsky
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, P. O. Box 800736, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Ali Salanti
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology, and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK
| | - Sisse B Ditlev
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology, and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK
| | - Zhifeng Shao
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, P. O. Box 800736, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- MOE Key Lab for Systems Biomedicine and National Lab for Oncogenes, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ashfaq Ghumra
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Institute of Genetics, and Parasite Biology and Immunogenetics Research Group, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - J. Alexandra Rowe
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Richard J Pleass
- Institute of Genetics, and Parasite Biology and Immunogenetics Research Group, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
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35
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Abstract
The complexity and number of antigens (Ags) seen during an immune response has hampered the development of malaria vaccines. Antibodies (Abs) play an important role in immunity to malaria and their passive administration is effective at controlling the disease. Abs represent approximately 25% of all proteins undergoing clinical trials, and these 'smart biologicals' have undergone a major revival with the realization that Abs lie at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. At least 18 Abs have FDA approval for clinical use and approximately 150 are in clinical trials, the majority for the treatment of cancer, allograft rejection or autoimmune disease. Despite these triumphs none are in development for malaria, principally because they are perceived as being too expensive for a disease mainly afflicting poor and marginalized populations. Although unlikely, at least in the foreseeable future, that Ab-based prophylaxis will be made available to the millions of people at risk from malaria, they may be incorporated into current vaccine approaches, since Abs act as correlates of protection in studies aimed at defining the best Ags to include in vaccines. Abs may also form the basis for novel vaccination strategies by targeting Ags to appropriate antigen presenting cells. Therefore, to develop the most efficacious vaccines it will be necessary to fully understand which Abs and Fc-receptors (FcRs) are best engaged for a positive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Pleass
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
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36
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Glycoforms of human endothelial CD34 that bind L-selectin carry sulfated sialyl Lewis x capped O- and N-glycans. Blood 2009; 114:733-41. [PMID: 19359410 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-03-210237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial sialomucin CD34 functions as an L-selectin ligand mediating lymphocyte extravasation only when properly glycosylated to express a sulfated carbohydrate epitope, 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (6-sulfo SLe(x)). It is thought that multivalent 6-sulfo SLe(x) expression promotes high-affinity binding to L-selectin by enhancing avidity. However, the reported low amount of 6-sulfo SLe(x) in total human CD34 is inconsistent with this model and prompted us to re-evaluate CD34 glycosylation. We separated CD34 into 2 glycoforms, the L-selectin-binding and nonbinding glycoforms, L-B-CD34 and L-NB-CD34, respectively, and analyzed released O- and N-glycans from both forms. L-B-CD34 is relatively minor compared with L-NB-CD34 and represented less than 10% of total tonsillar CD34. MECA-79, a mAb to sulfated core-1 O-glycans, bound exclusively to L-B-CD34 and this form contained all sulfated and fucosylated O-glycans. 6-Sulfo SLe(x) epitopes occur on core-2 and extended core-1 O-glycans with approximately 20% of total L-B-CD34 O-glycans expressing 6-sulfo SLe(x). N-glycans containing potential 6-sulfo SLe(x) epitopes were also present in L-B-CD34, but their removal did not abolish binding to L-selectin. Thus, a minor glycoform of CD34 carries relatively abundant 6-sulfo SLe(x) epitopes on O-glycans that are important for its recognition by L-selectin.
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37
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The CD300 family of molecules are evolutionarily significant regulators of leukocyte functions. Trends Immunol 2009; 30:209-17. [PMID: 19359216 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The CD300 glycoproteins are a family of cell surface molecules that modulate a diverse array of cell processes via their paired triggering and inhibitory receptor functions. Family members share a common evolutionary pathway and at least one member of the family has undergone significant positive selection, indicating their crucial value to the host. This review clarifies the occasionally confusing usage of nomenclature for the CD300 family and summarizes our current understanding of their genomics, expression and function. Their ability to fine tune leukocyte function and immune responses highlights several potential options to exploit the CD300 molecules as therapeutic targets in chronic inflammatory diseases, allergy and other disease states.
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Strell C, Entschladen F. Extravasation of leukocytes in comparison to tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2008; 6:10. [PMID: 19055814 PMCID: PMC2627905 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-6-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-step process of the emigration of cells from the blood stream through the vascular endothelium into the tissue has been termed extravasation. The extravasation of leukocytes is fairly well characterized down to the molecular level, and has been reviewed in several aspects. Comparatively little is known about the extravasation of tumor cells, which is part of the hematogenic metastasis formation. Although the steps of the process are basically the same in leukocytes and tumor cells, i.e. rolling, adhesion, transmigration (diapedesis), the molecules that are involved are different. A further important difference is that leukocyte interaction with the endothelium changes the endothelial integrity only temporarily, whereas tumor cell interaction leads to an irreversible damage of the endothelial architecture. Moreover, tumor cells utilize leukocytes for their extravasation as linkers to the endothelium. Thus, metastasis formation is indirectly susceptible to localization signals that are literally specific for the immune system. We herein compare the extravasation of leukocytes and tumor cells with regard to the involved receptors and the localization signals that direct the cells to certain organs and sites of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Strell
- Institute of Immunology, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str, 10, 58448 Witten, Germany.
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Thompson LF, Takedachi M, Ebisuno Y, Tanaka T, Miyasaka M, Mills JH, Bynoe MS. Regulation of leukocyte migration across endothelial barriers by ECTO-5'-nucleotidase-generated adenosine. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2008; 27:755-60. [PMID: 18600537 DOI: 10.1080/15257770802145678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CD73-deficient mice are valuable for evaluating the ability of CD73-generated adenosine to modulate adenosine receptor-mediated responses. Here we report the role of CD73 in regulating lymphocyte migration across two distinct barriers. In the first case, CD73-generated adenosine restricts the migration of lymphocytes across high endothelial venules (HEV) into draining lymph nodes after an inflammatory stimulus, apparently by triggering A(2B) receptors on HEV. Secondly, CD73 promotes the migration of pathogenic T cells into the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Experiments are in progress to determine whether this effect is also adenosine receptor-mediated and to identify the relevant adenosine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda F Thompson
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA.
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Nakasaki T, Tanaka T, Okudaira S, Hirosawa M, Umemoto E, Otani K, Jin S, Bai Z, Hayasaka H, Fukui Y, Aozasa K, Fujita N, Tsuruo T, Ozono K, Aoki J, Miyasaka M. Involvement of the lysophosphatidic acid-generating enzyme autotaxin in lymphocyte-endothelial cell interactions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008; 173:1566-76. [PMID: 18818380 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.071153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted protein with lysophospholipase D activity that generates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) from lysophosphatidylcholine. Here we report that functional ATX is selectively expressed in high endothelial venules (HEVs) of both lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. ATX expression was developmentally regulated and coincided with lymphocyte recruitment to the lymph nodes. In adults, ATX expression was independent of HEV-expressed chemokines such as CCL21 and CXCL13, innate immunity signals including those via TLR4 or MyD88, and of the extent of lymphocyte trafficking across the HEVs. ATX expression was induced in venules at sites of chronic inflammation. Receptors for the ATX enzyme product LPA were constitutively expressed in HEV endothelial cells (ECs). In vitro, LPA induced strong morphological changes in HEV ECs. Forced ATX expression caused cultured ECs to respond to lysophosphatidylcholine, up-regulating lymphocyte binding to the ECs in a LPA receptor-dependent manner under both static and flow conditions. Although in vivo depletion of circulating ATX did not affect lymphocyte trafficking into the lymph nodes, we surmise, based on the above data, that ATX expressed by HEVs acts on HEVs in situ to facilitate lymphocyte binding to ECs and that ATX in the general circulation does not play a major role in this process. Tissue-specific inactivation of ATX will verify this hypothesis in future studies of its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Nakasaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Jin S, Umemoto E, Tanaka T, Shimomura Y, Tohya K, Kunizawa K, Yang BG, Jang MH, Hirata T, Miyasaka M. Nepmucin/CLM-9, an Ig domain-containing sialomucin in vascular endothelial cells, promotes lymphocyte transendothelial migration in vitro. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:3018-24. [PMID: 18675811 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nepmucin/CLM-9 is an Ig domain-containing sialomucin expressed in vascular endothelial cells. Here we show that, like CD31, nepmucin was localized to interendothelial contacts and to vesicle-like structures along the cell border and underwent intracellular recycling. Functional analyses showed that nepmucin mediated homotypic and heterotypic cell adhesion via its Ig domain. Nepmucin-expressing endothelial cells showed enhanced lymphocyte transendothelial migration (TEM), which was abrogated by anti-nepmucin mAbs that block either homophilic or heterophilic binding. Notably, the mAbs that inhibited homophilic binding blocked TEM without affecting lymphocyte adhesion. These results suggest that endothelial nepmucin promotes lymphocyte TEM using multiple adhesion pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojung Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Takedachi M, Qu D, Ebisuno Y, Oohara H, Joachims ML, McGee ST, Maeda E, McEver RP, Tanaka T, Miyasaka M, Murakami S, Krahn T, Blackburn MR, Thompson LF. CD73-generated adenosine restricts lymphocyte migration into draining lymph nodes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:6288-96. [PMID: 18424752 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.9.6288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
After an inflammatory stimulus, lymphocyte migration into draining lymph nodes increases dramatically to facilitate the encounter of naive T cells with Ag-loaded dendritic cells. In this study, we show that CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) plays an important role in regulating this process. CD73 produces adenosine from AMP and is expressed on high endothelial venules (HEV) and subsets of lymphocytes. Cd73(-/-) mice have normal sized lymphoid organs in the steady state, but approximately 1.5-fold larger draining lymph nodes and 2.5-fold increased rates of L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte migration from the blood through HEV compared with wild-type mice 24 h after LPS administration. Migration rates of cd73(+/+) and cd73(-/-) lymphocytes into lymph nodes of wild-type mice are equal, suggesting that it is CD73 on HEV that regulates lymphocyte migration into draining lymph nodes. The A(2B) receptor is a likely target of CD73-generated adenosine, because it is the only adenosine receptor expressed on the HEV-like cell line KOP2.16 and it is up-regulated by TNF-alpha. Furthermore, increased lymphocyte migration into draining lymph nodes of cd73(-/-) mice is largely normalized by pretreatment with the selective A(2B) receptor agonist BAY 60-6583. Adenosine receptor signaling to restrict lymphocyte migration across HEV may be an important mechanism to control the magnitude of an inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Takedachi
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 Northeast 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Appenheimer MM, Girard RA, Chen Q, Wang WC, Bankert KC, Hardison J, Bain MD, Ridgley F, Sarcione EJ, Buitrago S, Kothlow S, Kaspers B, Robert J, Rose-John S, Baumann H, Evans SS. Conservation of IL-6 trans-signaling mechanisms controlling L-selectin adhesion by fever-range thermal stress. Eur J Immunol 2007; 37:2856-67. [PMID: 17823890 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200636421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fever is associated with improved survival during infection in endothermic and ectothermic species although the protective mechanisms are largely undefined. Previous studies indicate that fever-range thermal stress increases the binding activity of the L-selectin homing receptor in human or mouse leukocytes, thereby promoting trafficking to lymphoid tissues across high endothelial venules (HEV). Here, we examined the evolutionary conservation of thermal regulation of L-selectin-like adhesion. Leukocytes from animals representing four taxa of vertebrates (mammals, avians, amphibians, teleosts) were shown to mediate L-selectin-like adhesion under shear to MECA-79-reactive ligands on mouse HEV in cross-species in vitro adherence assays. L-selectin-like binding activity was markedly increased by fever-range thermal stress in leukocytes of all species examined. Comparable increases in L-selectin-like adhesion were induced by thermal stress, IL-6, or the IL-6/soluble IL-6 receptor fusion protein, hyper-IL-6. Analysis of the molecular basis of thermal regulation of L-selectin-like adhesion identified a common IL-6 trans-signaling mechanism in endotherms and ectotherms that resulted in activation of JAK/STAT signaling and was inhibited by IL-6 neutralizing antibodies or recombinant soluble gp130. Conservation of IL-6-dependent mechanisms controlling L-selectin adhesion over hundreds of millions of years of vertebrate evolution strongly suggests that this is a beneficial focal point regulating immune surveillance during febrile inflammatory responses.
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Tanaka T, Umemoto E, Miyasaka M. [Lymphocyte trafficking and immunesurveillance]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 29:359-71. [PMID: 17202753 DOI: 10.2177/jsci.29.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The homeostasis of the immune system is maintained by the recirculation of naive lymphocytes through the secondary lymphoid tissues, such as the lymph nodes, Peyer's patches and spleen. Upon antigen encounter in the secondary lymphoid tissues, lymphocytes become activated and undergo a reprogramming of their trafficking properties. Most antigen-experienced lymphocytes traffic through the secondary lymphoid organs, but they can also migrate to extralymphoid tissues, where they exert effector functions. Dendritic cells in the secondary lymphoid tissues are crucial for the reprogramming of trafficking properties of activated T-lymphocytes. The exquisite specificity of such lymphocyte trafficking is determined by tissue-specific guidance signals expressed by the vascular endothelial cells, combined with counter receptors expressed by circulating lymphocytes. The high endothelial venules can selectively recruit naive lymphocytes into the lymph nodes and Peyer's patches by expressing a unique combination of vascular addressins and chemoattractants. The inflamed postcapillary venules in extralymphoid tissues also use a distinct array of endothelial adhesion molecules and tissue selective chemokines to support the recruitment of effector and memory lymphocytes that express appropriate trafficking receptors. Exit of lymphocytes from lymphoid and extralymphoid tissues into circulation is actively regulated by signals through specific receptors for sphingosine-1-phosphate and a certain chemokine(s), respectively. This review summarizes the present understandings of the mechanisms regulating homeostatic recirculation of naive lymphocytes through the secondary lymphoid tissues and tissue-specific trafficking of antigen-experienced lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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Uchimura K, Rosen SD. Sulfated L-selectin ligands as a therapeutic target in chronic inflammation. Trends Immunol 2006; 27:559-65. [PMID: 17049924 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The homing of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph nodes is initiated by an adhesive interaction between L-selectin on lymphocytes and peripheral node addressin (PNAd), a set of sialomucins displayed on high endothelial venules (HEVs) of lymph nodes. The monoclonal antibody MECA-79 reacts with the PNAd sialomucins by recognizing an N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-6-sulfated oligosaccharide, which overlaps with sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X, the L-selectin recognition determinant. Two HEV-expressed sulfotransferases, GlcNAc6ST-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2, are essential for the expression of the MECA-79 epitope and L-selectin ligand activity on lymph-node HEVs. PNAd, as defined by MECA-79 staining, is also expressed on activated blood vessels at several sites of chronic inflammation. Recent evidence indicates that the same two sulfotransferases underlie the formation of functional PNAd at these sites. Experiments in a sheep model of asthma demonstrate that a chronic inflammatory disease can be ameliorated by targeting PNAd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Anatomy and Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
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Takatsu H, Hase K, Ohmae M, Ohshima S, Hashimoto K, Taniura N, Yamamoto A, Ohno H. CD300 antigen like family member G: A novel Ig receptor like protein exclusively expressed on capillary endothelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:183-91. [PMID: 16876123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/09/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the characteristics of CD300LG, a member of the CD300 antigen like family. Its genomic structure is similar in both mouse and human, and at least four isoforms exist in both species. The amino acid sequence of the immunoglobulin (Ig) V like domain of CD300LG showed approximately 35% identity to those of the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR) and Fcalpha/muR. Interestingly, mouse CD300LG proteins were uniquely expressed on capillary endothelium. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that mouse CD300LG is localized on both apical and basolateral plasma membranes, as well as on intracellular vesicular structures, in the capillary endothelium. Transcytosis assays using polarized MDCK epithelial cells showed that CD300LG could be transcytosed bidirectionally. Furthermore, CD300LG exogenously expressed on HeLa cells could take up IgA2 and IgM, but not IgG. These results suggest that CD300LG might play an important role in molecular traffic across the capillary endothelium.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Cloning, Molecular
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Organ Specificity
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR
- Sequence Alignment
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takatsu
- Laboratory for Epithelial Immunobiology, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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Abstract
Lymphocyte homing is mediated by a specific interaction between the lymphocyte homing receptor L-selectin and its sulfated glycoprotein ligands, which are expressed on high endothelial venules (HEV) in the lymph nodes. To examine the significance of the sulfation of L-selectin ligands, our group has generated gene-targeted mice deficient in both N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST)-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2. The mutant mice show approximately 75% less lymphocyte homing to the peripheral lymph nodes than normal, indicating that GlcNAc6ST-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2 play a major role in the biosynthesis of L-selectin ligand in HEV. In agreement with this interpretation, an oligosaccharide analysis indicated that 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X, a major L-selectin ligand sulfated glycan, is almost completely abrogated in the double-deficient mice. Lymphocyte homing into the parenchyma of lymph nodes is mediated by a series of interactions: rolling, activation by chemokines, integrin-mediated adhesion, and transmigration. During the rolling interaction, which is mediated by L-selectin and sulfated glycans, lymphocytes receive activation signals from chemokines presented on the surface of HEV by heparan sulfate, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan, which leads to the activation of lymphocyte beta2 integrin. Sulfated glycans are thus involved in both the rolling and the chemokine-induced activation steps between lymphocytes and HEV. In this article, recent findings on the roles of sulfated glycans in both of these lymphocyte-homing steps will be reviewed. The possible application of sulfated glycans for the prevention of inflammatory disorders will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Kawashima
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
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