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Jin SM, Cho JH, Gwak Y, Park SH, Choi K, Choi JH, Shin HS, Hong J, Bae YS, Ju J, Shin M, Lim YT. Transformable Gel-to-Nanovaccine Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy via Metronomic-Like Immunomodulation and Collagen-Mediated Paracortex Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2409914. [PMID: 39380383 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202409914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
The generation of non-exhausted effector T-cells depends on vaccine's spatiotemporal profile, and untimely delivery and low targeting to lymph node (LN) paracortex by standard bolus immunization show limited efficacy. By recapitulating the dynamic processes of acute infection, a bioadhesive immune niche domain (BIND) is developed that facilitates the delivery of timely-activating conjugated nanovaccine (t-CNV) in a metronomic-like manner and increased the accumulation and retention of TANNylated t-CNV (tannic acid coated t-CNV) in LN by specifically binding to collagen in subcapsular sinus where they gradually transformed into TANNylated antigen-adjuvant conjugate by proteolysis, inducing their penetration into paracortex through the collagen-binding in LN conduit and evoking durable antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. The BIND combined with t-CNV, mRNA vaccine, IL-2, and anti-PD-1 antibody also significantly enhanced cancer immunotherapy by the dynamic modulation of immunological landscape of tumor microenvironment. The results provide material design strategy for dynamic immunomodulation that can potentiate non-exhausted T-cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Mo Jin
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Cho
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Gwak
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Park
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Choi
- Progeneer, 12 Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08380, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Sik Shin
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - JungHyub Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Ju
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
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2
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Chung HK, Liu C, Jambor AN, Riesenberg BP, Sun M, Casillas E, Chick B, Wang J, Ma S, Mcdonald B, He P, Yang Q, Chen T, Varanasi SK, LaPorte M, Mann TH, Chen D, Hoffmann F, Tripple V, Ho J, Cho UH, Modliszewski J, Williams A, Liu L, Wang Y, Hargreaves DC, Thaxton JE, Kaech SM, Wang W. Multi-Omics Atlas-Assisted Discovery of Transcription Factors for Selective T Cell State Programming. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.01.03.522354. [PMID: 36711632 PMCID: PMC9881845 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.03.522354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate the differentiation of T cells into diverse states with distinct functionalities. To precisely program desired T cell states in viral infections and cancers, we generated a comprehensive transcriptional and epigenetic atlas of nine CD8 + T cell differentiation states for TF activity prediction. Our analysis catalogued TF activity fingerprints of each state, uncovering new regulatory mechanisms that govern selective cell state differentiation. Leveraging this platform, we focused on two critical T cell states in tumor and virus control: terminally exhausted T cells (TEX term ), which are dysfunctional, and tissue-resident memory T cells (T RM ), which are protective. Despite their functional differences, these states share significant transcriptional and anatomical similarities, making it both challenging and essential to engineer T cells that avoid TEX term differentiation while preserving beneficial T RM characteristics. Through in vivo CRISPR screening combined with single-cell RNA sequencing (Perturb-seq), we validated the specific TFs driving the TEX term state and confirmed the accuracy of TF specificity predictions. Importantly, we discovered novel TEX term -specific TFs such as ZSCAN20, JDP2, and ZFP324. The deletion of these TEX term -specific TFs in T cells enhanced tumor control and synergized with immune checkpoint blockade. Additionally, this study identified multi-state TFs like HIC1 and GFI1, which are vital for both TEX term and T RM states. Furthermore, our global TF community analysis and Perturb-seq experiments revealed how TFs differentially regulate key processes in T RM and TEX term cells, uncovering new biological pathways like protein catabolism that are specifically linked to TEX term differentiation. In summary, our platform systematically identifies TF programs across diverse T cell states, facilitating the engineering of specific T cell states to improve tumor control and providing insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying their functional disparities.
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3
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Sierra-Ulloa D, Fernández J, Cacelín M, González-Aguilar GA, Saavedra R, Tenorio EP. α2,6 sialylation distinguishes a novel active state in CD4 + and CD8 + cells during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1429302. [PMID: 39253089 PMCID: PMC11381403 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1429302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitosis that is usually asymptomatic; cell-mediated immunity, particularly T cells, is a crucial mediator of the immune response against this parasite. Membrane protein expression has been studied for a long time in T lymphocytes, providing vital information to determine functional checkpoints. However, less is known about the role of post-translational modifications in T cell function. Glycosylation plays essential roles during maturation and function; particularly, sialic acid modulation is determinant for accurate T cell regulation of processes like adhesion, cell-cell communication, and apoptosis induction. Despite its importance, the role of T cell sialylation during infection remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to evaluate whether different membrane sialylation motifs are modified in T cells during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection using different lectins. To this end, BALB/c Foxp3EGFP mice were infected with T. gondii, and on days 3, 7, and 10 post-infection, splenocytes were obtained to analyze conventional (Foxp3-) CD4+ and CD8+ populations by flow cytometry. Among the different lectins used for analysis, only Sambucus nigra lectin, which detects sialic acid α2,6 linkages, revealed two distinctive populations (SNBright and SN-/Dim) after infection. Further characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ SN-/Dim lymphocytes showed that these are highly activated cells, with a TEf/EM or TCM phenotype that produce high IFN-γ levels, a previously undescribed cell state. This work demonstrates that glycan membrane analysis in T cells reveals previously overlooked functional states by evaluating only protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sierra-Ulloa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jacquelina Fernández
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Cacelín
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria A González-Aguilar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Saavedra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eda P Tenorio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Yared N, Papadopoulou M, Barennes P, Pham HP, Quiniou V, Netzer S, Kaminski H, Burguet L, Demeste A, Colas P, Mora-Charrot L, Rousseau B, Izotte J, Zouine A, Gauthereau X, Vermijlen D, Déchanet-Merville J, Capone M. Long-lived central memory γδ T cells confer protection against murine cytomegalovirus reinfection. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1010785. [PMID: 38976755 PMCID: PMC11257398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of γδ TCR-bearing lymphocytes in immunological memory has gained increasing interest due to their functional duality between adaptive and innate immunity. γδ T effector memory (TEM) and central memory (TCM) subsets have been identified, but their respective roles in memory responses are poorly understood. In the present study, we used subsequent mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections of αβ T cell deficient mice in order to analyze the memory potential of γδ T cells. As for CMV-specific αβ T cells, MCMV induced the accumulation of cytolytic, KLRG1+CX3CR1+ γδ TEM that principally localized in infected organ vasculature. Typifying T cell memory, γδ T cell expansion in organs and blood was higher after secondary viral challenge than after primary infection. Viral control upon MCMV reinfection was prevented when masking γδ T-cell receptor, and was associated with a preferential amplification of private and unfocused TCR δ chain repertoire composed of a combination of clonotypes expanded post-primary infection and, more unexpectedly, of novel expanded clonotypes. Finally, long-term-primed γδ TCM cells, but not γδ TEM cells, protected T cell-deficient hosts against MCMV-induced death upon adoptive transfer, probably through their ability to survive and to generate TEM in the recipient host. This better survival potential of TCM cells was confirmed by a detailed scRNASeq analysis of the two γδ T cell memory subsets which also revealed their similarity to classically adaptive αβ CD8 T cells. Overall, our study uncovered memory properties of long-lived TCM γδ T cells that confer protection in a chronic infection, highlighting the interest of this T cell subset in vaccination approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Yared
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria Papadopoulou
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Research in Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Sonia Netzer
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hanna Kaminski
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laure Burguet
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amandine Demeste
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pacôme Colas
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lea Mora-Charrot
- Bordeaux University, Service Commun des Animaleries, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Bordeaux University, Service Commun des Animaleries, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Izotte
- Bordeaux University, Service Commun des Animaleries, Bordeaux, France
| | - Atika Zouine
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, FACSility, TBM Core, Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier Gauthereau
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, OneCell, RT-PCR and Single Cell Libraries, TBM Core, Bordeaux, France
| | - David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Research in Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO department, Walloon ExceLlence Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Julie Déchanet-Merville
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
| | - Myriam Capone
- Bordeaux University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ImmunoConcEpt, UMR 5164, ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpt, Bordeaux, France
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5
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Ramírez-Valle F, Maranville JC, Roy S, Plenge RM. Sequential immunotherapy: towards cures for autoimmunity. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:501-524. [PMID: 38839912 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite major progress in the treatment of autoimmune diseases in the past two decades, most therapies do not cure disease and can be associated with increased risk of infection through broad suppression of the immune system. However, advances in understanding the causes of autoimmune disease and clinical data from novel therapeutic modalities such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies provide evidence that it may be possible to re-establish immune homeostasis and, potentially, prolong remission or even cure autoimmune diseases. Here, we propose a 'sequential immunotherapy' framework for immune system modulation to help achieve this ambitious goal. This framework encompasses three steps: controlling inflammation; resetting the immune system through elimination of pathogenic immune memory cells; and promoting and maintaining immune homeostasis via immune regulatory agents and tissue repair. We discuss existing drugs and those in development for each of the three steps. We also highlight the importance of causal human biology in identifying and prioritizing novel immunotherapeutic strategies as well as informing their application in specific patient subsets, enabling precision medicine approaches that have the potential to transform clinical care.
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Sun L, Jiao A, Liu H, Ding R, Yuan N, Yang B, Zhang C, Jia X, Wang G, Su Y, Zhang D, Shi L, Sun C, Zhang A, Zhang L, Zhang B. Targeting a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17-CD122 axis enhances CD8 + T cell effector differentiation and anti-tumor immunity. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:152. [PMID: 38918390 PMCID: PMC11199508 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cell immune responses are regulated by multi-layer networks, while the post-translational regulation remains largely unknown. Transmembrane ectodomain shedding is an important post-translational process orchestrating receptor expression and signal transduction through proteolytic cleavage of membrane proteins. Here, by targeting the sheddase A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease (ADAM)17, we defined a post-translational regulatory mechanism mediated by the ectodomain shedding in CD8+ T cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed the involvement of post-translational regulation in CD8+ T cells. T cell-specific deletion of ADAM17 led to a dramatic increase in effector CD8+ T cell differentiation and enhanced cytolytic effects to eliminate pathogens and tumors. Mechanistically, ADAM17 regulated CD8+ T cells through cleavage of membrane CD122. ADAM17 inhibition led to elevated CD122 expression and enhanced response to IL-2 and IL-15 stimulation in both mouse and human CD8+ T cells. Intriguingly, inhibition of ADAM17 in CD8+ T cells improved the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in solid tumors. Our findings reveal a critical post-translational regulation in CD8+ T cells, providing a potential therapeutic strategy of targeting ADAM17 for effective anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Anjun Jiao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Renyi Ding
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ning Yuan
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Biao Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Cangang Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Jia
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Chenming Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China.
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China.
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7
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Van Der Byl W, Nüssing S, Peters TJ, Ahn A, Li H, Ledergor G, David E, Koh AS, Wagle MV, Deguit CDT, de Menezes MN, Travers A, Sampurno S, Ramsbottom KM, Li R, Kallies A, Beavis PA, Jungmann R, Bastings MMC, Belz GT, Goel S, Trapani JA, Crabtree GR, Chang HY, Amit I, Goodnow CC, Luciani F, Parish IA. The CD8 + T cell tolerance checkpoint triggers a distinct differentiation state defined by protein translation defects. Immunity 2024; 57:1324-1344.e8. [PMID: 38776918 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral CD8+ T cell tolerance is a checkpoint in both autoimmune disease and anti-cancer immunity. Despite its importance, the relationship between tolerance-induced states and other CD8+ T cell differentiation states remains unclear. Using flow cytometric phenotyping, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and chromatin accessibility profiling, we demonstrated that in vivo peripheral tolerance to a self-antigen triggered a fundamentally distinct differentiation state separate from exhaustion, memory, and functional effector cells but analogous to cells defectively primed against tumors. Tolerant cells diverged early and progressively from effector cells, adopting a transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct state within 60 h of antigen encounter. Breaching tolerance required the synergistic actions of strong T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and inflammation, which cooperatively induced gene modules that enhanced protein translation. Weak TCR signaling during bystander infection failed to breach tolerance due to the uncoupling of effector gene expression from protein translation. Thus, tolerance engages a distinct differentiation trajectory enforced by protein translation defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Van Der Byl
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone Nüssing
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy J Peters
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonio Ahn
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hanjie Li
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Guy Ledergor
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal David
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andrew S Koh
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mayura V Wagle
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Maria N de Menezes
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Avraham Travers
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shienny Sampurno
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly M Ramsbottom
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Axel Kallies
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Beavis
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ralf Jungmann
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Maartje M C Bastings
- Institute of Materials, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Interfaculty Bioengineering Institute, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shom Goel
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph A Trapani
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerald R Crabtree
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Departments of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chris C Goodnow
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ian A Parish
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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8
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Geisshüsler S, Nilsson FA, Ziak N, Kotkowska Z, Paolucci M, Green Buzhor M, Zoratto N, Johansen P, Leroux JC. Cyclodextrin microneedles for the delivery of a nanoparticle-based peptide antigen vaccine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 198:114249. [PMID: 38467334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, microneedles (MNs) have gained considerable interest in drug formulation due to their non-invasive and patient-friendly nature. Dissolving MNs have emerged as a promising approach to enhance drug delivery across the skin in a painless manner without generating sharp waste and providing the possibility for self-administration. Cyclodextrins, a group of cyclic oligosaccharides, are well-established in pharmaceutical products due to their safety and unique ability to form inclusion complexes with various drug molecules. In this manuscript, we report the development and characterization of dissolving MNs composed of cyclodextrins for intradermal delivery of a cyclodextrin-based nanoparticulate vaccine. Different cyclodextrins were tested and the most promising candidates were fabricated into MNs by micromolding. The MNs' piercing effectiveness and drug permeation across the skin were tested ex vivo. Furthermore, in vivo studies were carried out to assess the skin's tolerance to cyclodextrin-based MNs, and to evaluate the immune response using a model peptide antigen in a mouse model. The data revealed that the MNs were well-tolerated and effective, even leading to dose-sparing effects. This study highlights the potential of cyclodextrin-based dissolving MNs as a versatile platform for intradermal vaccine delivery, providing a compatible matrix for nanoparticulate formulations to enhance immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Geisshüsler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frida A Nilsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Ziak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zuzanna Kotkowska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Marta Paolucci
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Marina Green Buzhor
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Zoratto
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pål Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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9
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Abdullah L, Emiliani FE, Vaidya CM, Stuart H, Kolling FW, Ackerman ME, Song L, McKenna A, Huang YH. Hierarchal single-cell lineage tracing reveals differential fate commitment of CD8 T-cell clones in response to acute infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.21.586160. [PMID: 38585810 PMCID: PMC10996474 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Generating balanced populations of CD8 effector and memory T cells is necessary for immediate and durable immunity to infections and cancer. Yet, a definitive understanding of CD8 differentiation remains unclear. We used CARLIN, a processive lineage recording mouse model with single-cell RNA-seq and TCR-seq to track endogenous antigen-specific CD8 T cells during acute viral infection. We identified a diverse repertoire of expanded T-cell clones represented by seven transcriptional states. TCR enrichment analysis revealed differential memory- or effector-fate biases within clonal populations. Shared Vb segments and amino acid motifs were found within biased categories despite high TCR diversity. Using single-cell CARLIN barcode-seq we tracked multi-generational clones and found that unlike unbiased or memory-biased clones, which stably retain their fate profiles, effector-biased clones could adopt memory- or effector-bias within subclones. Collectively, our study demonstrates that a heterogenous T-cell repertoire specific for a shared antigen is composed of clones with distinct TCR-intrinsic fate-biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Abdullah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Francesco E. Emiliani
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Chinmay M. Vaidya
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Hannah Stuart
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | | | - Margaret E. Ackerman
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Li Song
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Aaron McKenna
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Yina H. Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
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10
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Aoki H, Kitabatake M, Abe H, Xu P, Tsunoda M, Shichino S, Hara A, Ouji-Sageshima N, Motozono C, Ito T, Matsushima K, Ueha S. CD8 + T cell memory induced by successive SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations is characterized by shifts in clonal dominance. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113887. [PMID: 38458195 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
mRNA vaccines against the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) elicit strong T cell responses. However, a clonal-resolution analysis of T cell responses to mRNA vaccination has not been performed. Here, we temporally track the CD8+ T cell repertoire in individuals who received three shots of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine through longitudinal T cell receptor sequencing with peptide-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tetramer analysis. We demonstrate a shift in T cell responses between the clonotypes with different kinetics: from early responders that expand rapidly after the first shot to main responders that greatly expand after the second shot. Although the main responders re-expand after the third shot, their clonal diversity is skewed, and newly elicited third responders partially replace them. Furthermore, this shift in clonal dominance occurs not only between, but also within, clonotypes specific for spike epitopes. Our study will be a valuable resource for understanding vaccine-induced T cell responses in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Aoki
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitabatake
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan
| | - Haruka Abe
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan
| | - Peng Xu
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan
| | - Mikiya Tsunoda
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hara
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan
| | - Noriko Ouji-Sageshima
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan
| | - Chihiro Motozono
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 6348521, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda City, Chiba 2780022, Japan.
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11
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Abadie K, Clark EC, Valanparambil RM, Ukogu O, Yang W, Daza RM, Ng KKH, Fathima J, Wang AL, Lee J, Nasti TH, Bhandoola A, Nourmohammad A, Ahmed R, Shendure J, Cao J, Kueh HY. Reversible, tunable epigenetic silencing of TCF1 generates flexibility in the T cell memory decision. Immunity 2024; 57:271-286.e13. [PMID: 38301652 PMCID: PMC10922671 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The immune system encodes information about the severity of a pathogenic threat in the quantity and type of memory cells it forms. This encoding emerges from lymphocyte decisions to maintain or lose self-renewal and memory potential during a challenge. By tracking CD8+ T cells at the single-cell and clonal lineage level using time-resolved transcriptomics, quantitative live imaging, and an acute infection model, we find that T cells will maintain or lose memory potential early after antigen recognition. However, following pathogen clearance, T cells may regain memory potential if initially lost. Mechanistically, this flexibility is implemented by a stochastic cis-epigenetic switch that tunably and reversibly silences the memory regulator, TCF1, in response to stimulation. Mathematical modeling shows how this flexibility allows memory T cell numbers to scale robustly with pathogen virulence and immune response magnitudes. We propose that flexibility and stochasticity in cellular decisions ensure optimal immune responses against diverse threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Abadie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elisa C Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rajesh M Valanparambil
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Obinna Ukogu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Riza M Daza
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kenneth K H Ng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jumana Fathima
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Allan L Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Judong Lee
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tahseen H Nasti
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- T-Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Armita Nourmohammad
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Junyue Cao
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Laboratory of Single-Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Hao Yuan Kueh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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12
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Zhao X, Hu W, Park SR, Zhu S, Hu SS, Zang C, Peng W, Shan Q, Xue HH. The transcriptional cofactor Tle3 reciprocally controls effector and central memory CD8 + T cell fates. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:294-306. [PMID: 38238608 PMCID: PMC10916363 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01720-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells form effector and central memory T cells (TEM and TCM cells, respectively); however, the mechanism(s) controlling their lineage plasticity remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the transcription cofactor Tle3 critically regulates TEM and TCM cell fates and lineage stability through dynamic redistribution in antigen-responding CD8+ T cell genome. Genetic ablation of Tle3 promoted CD8+ TCM cell formation at the expense of CD8+ TEM cells. Lineage tracing showed that Tle3-deficient CD8+ TEM cells underwent accelerated conversion into CD8+ TCM cells while retaining robust recall capacity. Tle3 acted as a coactivator for Tbet to increase chromatin opening at CD8+ TEM cell-characteristic sites and to activate CD8+ TEM cell signature gene transcription, while engaging Runx3 and Tcf1 to limit CD8+ TCM cell-characteristic molecular features. Thus, Tle3 integrated functions of multiple transcription factors to guard lineage fidelity of CD8+ TEM cells, and manipulation of Tle3 activity could favor CD8+ TCM cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Sung Rye Park
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Shaoqi Zhu
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shengen Shawn Hu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chongzhi Zang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Weiqun Peng
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Qiang Shan
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, China.
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA.
- New Jersey Veterans Affairs Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA.
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13
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Shen J, Lin S, Cui W. Releasing the TLE3 break to put T CM cells on a fast track. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:191-193. [PMID: 38238607 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01732-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Siying Lin
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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14
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Boothby M, Cho SH. Hypoxia and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Lymphocyte Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:115-141. [PMID: 39017842 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen doubles as a biomolecular building block and an element required for energy generation and metabolism in aerobic organisms. A variety of systems in mammalian cells sense the concentration of oxygen to which they are exposed and are tuned to the range present in our blood and tissues. The ability to respond to insufficient O2 in tissues is central to regulation of erythroid lineage cells, but challenges also are posed for immune cells by a need to adjust to very different oxygen concentrations. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) provide a major means of making such adjustments. For adaptive immunity, lymphoid lineages are initially defined in bone marrow niches; T lineage cells arise in the thymus, and B cells complete maturation in the spleen. Lymphocytes move from these first stops into microenvironments (bloodstream, lymphatics, and tissues) with distinct oxygenation in each. Herein, evidence pertaining to functions of the HIF transcription factors (TFs) in lymphocyte differentiation and function is reviewed. For the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of T cells, the case is very strong that hypoxia and HIFs regulate important differentiation events and functions after the naïve lymphocytes emerge from the thymus. In the B lineage, the data indicate that HIF1 contributes to a balanced regulation of B-cell fates after antigen (Ag) activation during immunity. A model synthesized from the aggregate literature is that HIF in lymphocytes generally serves to modulate function in a manner dependent on the molecular context framed by other TFs and signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boothby
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology (Molecular Pathogenesis Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Medicine (Rheumatology and Immunology Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, Immunity (VI4), Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Sung Hoon Cho
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology (Molecular Pathogenesis Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, Immunity (VI4), Nashville, TN, USA
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15
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Abstract
T cells can acquire a broad spectrum of differentiation states following activation. At the extreme ends of this continuum are short-lived cells equipped with effector machinery and more quiescent, long-lived cells with heightened proliferative potential and stem cell-like developmental plasticity. The latter encompass stem-like exhausted T cells and memory T cells, both of which have recently emerged as key determinants of cancer immunity and response to immunotherapy. Here, we discuss key similarities and differences in the regulation and function of stem-like exhausted CD8+ T cells and memory CD8+ T cells, and consider their context-specific contributions to protective immunity in diverse outcomes of cancer, including tumour escape, long-term control and eradication. Finally, we emphasize how recent advances in the understanding of the molecular regulation of stem-like exhausted T cells and memory T cells are being explored for clinical benefit in cancer immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibition, adoptive cell therapy and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gebhardt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Simone L Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian A Parish
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
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16
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Vizcarra EA, Ulu A, Landrith TA, Qiu X, Godzik A, Wilson EH. Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor expression defines a T cell memory population during chronic Toxoplasma infection that enhances IFN-gamma and perforin production in the CNS. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:131-143. [PMID: 37604212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the brain, a pro-inflammatory response is essential to prevent clinical disease due to Toxoplasma gondii reactivation. Infection in the immunocompromised leads to lethal Toxoplasmic encephalitis while in the immunocompetent, there is persistent low-grade inflammation which is devoid of clinical symptoms. This signifies that there is a well-balanced and regulated inflammatory response to T. gondii in the brain. T cells are the dominant immune cells that prevent clinical disease, and this is mediated through the secretion of effector molecules such as perforins and IFN-γ. The presence of cognate antigen, the expression of survival cytokines, and the alteration of the epigenetic landscape drive the development of memory T cells. However, specific extrinsic signals that promote the formation and maintenance of memory T cells within tissue are poorly understood. During chronic infection, there is an increase in extracellular glutamate that, due to its function as an excitatory neurotransmitter, is normally tightly controlled in the CNS. Here we demonstrate that CD8+ T cells from the T. gondii-infected brain parenchyma are enriched for metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR's). Characterization studies determined that mGluR+ expression by CD8+ T cells defines a distinct memory population at the transcriptional and protein level. Finally, using receptor antagonists and agonists we demonstrate mGluR signaling is required for optimal CD8+ T cell production of the effector cytokine IFNγ. This work suggests that glutamate is an important environmental signal of inflammation that promotes T cell function. Understanding glutamate's influence on T cells in the brain can provide insights into the mechanisms that govern protective immunity against CNS-infiltrating pathogens and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Vizcarra
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Tyler A Landrith
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Xinru Qiu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Adam Godzik
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Emma H Wilson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
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17
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Globig AM, Zhao S, Roginsky J, Maltez VI, Guiza J, Avina-Ochoa N, Heeg M, Araujo Hoffmann F, Chaudhary O, Wang J, Senturk G, Chen D, O'Connor C, Pfaff S, Germain RN, Schalper KA, Emu B, Kaech SM. The β 1-adrenergic receptor links sympathetic nerves to T cell exhaustion. Nature 2023; 622:383-392. [PMID: 37731001 PMCID: PMC10871066 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are essential components of the immune response against viral infections and tumours, and are capable of eliminating infected and cancerous cells. However, when the antigen cannot be cleared, T cells enter a state known as exhaustion1. Although it is clear that chronic antigen contributes to CD8+ T cell exhaustion, less is known about how stress responses in tissues regulate T cell function. Here we show a new link between the stress-associated catecholamines and the progression of T cell exhaustion through the β1-adrenergic receptor ADRB1. We identify that exhausted CD8+ T cells increase ADRB1 expression and that exposure of ADRB1+ T cells to catecholamines suppresses their cytokine production and proliferation. Exhausted CD8+ T cells cluster around sympathetic nerves in an ADRB1-dependent manner. Ablation of β1-adrenergic signalling limits the progression of T cells towards the exhausted state in chronic infection and improves effector functions when combined with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in melanoma. In a pancreatic cancer model resistant to ICB, β-blockers and ICB synergize to boost CD8+ T cell responses and induce the development of tissue-resident memory-like T cells. Malignant disease is associated with increased catecholamine levels in patients2,3, and our results establish a connection between the sympathetic stress response, tissue innervation and T cell exhaustion. Here, we uncover a new mechanism by which blocking β-adrenergic signalling in CD8+ T cells rejuvenates anti-tumour functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Globig
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven Zhao
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Roginsky
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vivien I Maltez
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Guiza
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Natalia Avina-Ochoa
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Filipe Araujo Hoffmann
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Omkar Chaudhary
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gokhan Senturk
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dan Chen
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn O'Connor
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Pfaff
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brinda Emu
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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18
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Cohen GS, Kallarakal MA, Jayaraman S, Ibukun FI, Tong KP, Orzolek LD, Larman HB, Krummey SM. Transplantation elicits a clonally diverse CD8 + T cell response that is comprised of potent CD43 + effectors. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112993. [PMID: 37590141 PMCID: PMC10727118 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells mediate acute rejection of allografts, which threatens the long-term survival of transplanted organs. Using MHC class I tetramers, we find that allogeneic CD8+ T cells are present at an elevated naive precursor frequency relative to other epitopes, only modestly increase in number after grafting, and maintain high T cell receptor diversity throughout the immune response. While antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cells poorly express the canonical effector marker KLRG-1, expression of the activated glycoform of CD43 defines potent effectors after transplantation. Activated CD43+ effector T cells maintain high expression of the coreceptor induced T cell costimulator (ICOS) in the presence of CTLA-4 immunoglobulin (Ig), and dual CTLA-4 Ig/anti-ICOS treatment prolongs graft survival. These data demonstrate that graft-specific CD8+ T cells have a distinct response profile relative to anti-pathogen CD8+ T cells and that CD43 and ICOS are critical surface receptors that define potent effector CD8+ T cell populations that form after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Melissa A Kallarakal
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sahana Jayaraman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Francis I Ibukun
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Katherine P Tong
- Emory Transplant Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Linda D Orzolek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - H Benjamin Larman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Scott M Krummey
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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19
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McClory SE, Bardhan O, Rome KS, Giles JR, Baxter AE, Xu L, Gimotty PA, Faryabi RB, Wherry EJ, Pear WS, Jordan MS. The pseudokinase Trib1 regulates the transition of exhausted T cells to a KLR + CD8 + effector state, and its deletion improves checkpoint blockade. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112905. [PMID: 37527035 PMCID: PMC10540077 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cell exhaustion (TEX) impairs the ability of T cells to clear chronic infection or cancer. While TEX are hypofunctional, some TEX retain effector gene signatures, a feature associated with killer lectin-like receptor (KLR) expression. Although KLR+ TEX (TKLR) may improve control of chronic antigen, the signaling molecules regulating this population are poorly understood. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry, RNA velocity, and single-cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq), we demonstrate that deleting the pseudokinase Trib1 shifts TEX toward CX3CR1+ intermediates with robust enrichment of TKLR via clonal T cell expansion. Adoptive transfer studies demonstrate this shift toward CD8+ TKLR in Trib1-deficient cells is CD8 intrinsic, while CD4-depletion studies demonstrate CD4+ T cells are required for improved viral control in Trib1 conditional knockout mice. Further, Trib1 loss augments anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade to improve viral clearance. These data identify Trib1 as an important regulator of CD8+ TEX whose targeting enhances the TKLR effector state and improves checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E McClory
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Oishi Bardhan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kelly S Rome
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lanwei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Phyllis A Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert B Faryabi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Warren S Pear
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Martha S Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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20
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Hipp AV, Bengsch B, Globig AM. Friend or Foe - Tc17 cell generation and current evidence for their importance in human disease. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 2:kyad010. [PMID: 38567057 PMCID: PMC10917240 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The term Tc17 cells refers to interleukin 17 (IL-17)-producing CD8+ T cells. While IL-17 is an important mediator of mucosal defense, it is also centrally involved in driving the inflammatory response in immune-mediated diseases, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we aim to gather the current knowledge on the phenotypic and transcriptional profile, the in vitro and in vivo generation of Tc17 cells, and the evidence pointing towards a relevant role of Tc17 cells in human diseases such as infectious diseases, cancer, and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Veronika Hipp
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Globig
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Venkat A, Bhaskar D, Krishnaswamy S. Multiscale geometric and topological analyses for characterizing and predicting immune responses from single cell data. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:551-563. [PMID: 37301677 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single cell genomics has revolutionized our ability to map immune heterogeneity and responses. With the influx of large-scale data sets from diverse modalities, the resolution achieved has supported the long-held notion that immune cells are naturally organized into hierarchical relationships, characterized at multiple levels. Such a multigranular structure corresponds to key geometric and topological features. Given that differences between an effective and ineffective immunological response may not be found at one level, there is vested interest in characterizing and predicting outcomes from such features. In this review, we highlight single cell methods and principles for learning geometric and topological properties of data at multiple scales, discussing their contributions to immunology. Ultimately, multiscale approaches go beyond classical clustering, revealing a more comprehensive picture of cellular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Venkat
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Smita Krishnaswamy
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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22
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Evrard M, Becht E, Fonseca R, Obers A, Park SL, Ghabdan-Zanluqui N, Schroeder J, Christo SN, Schienstock D, Lai J, Burn TN, Clatch A, House IG, Beavis P, Kallies A, Ginhoux F, Mueller SN, Gottardo R, Newell EW, Mackay LK. Single-cell protein expression profiling resolves circulating and resident memory T cell diversity across tissues and infection contexts. Immunity 2023:S1074-7613(23)00262-5. [PMID: 37392736 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Memory CD8+ T cells can be broadly divided into circulating (TCIRCM) and tissue-resident memory T (TRM) populations. Despite well-defined migratory and transcriptional differences, the phenotypic and functional delineation of TCIRCM and TRM cells, particularly across tissues, remains elusive. Here, we utilized an antibody screening platform and machine learning prediction pipeline (InfinityFlow) to profile >200 proteins in TCIRCM and TRM cells in solid organs and barrier locations. High-dimensional analyses revealed unappreciated heterogeneity within TCIRCM and TRM cell lineages across nine different organs after either local or systemic murine infection models. Additionally, we demonstrated the relative effectiveness of strategies allowing for the selective ablation of TCIRCM or TRM populations across organs and identified CD55, KLRG1, CXCR6, and CD38 as stable markers for characterizing memory T cell function during inflammation. Together, these data and analytical framework provide an in-depth resource for memory T cell classification in both steady-state and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Evrard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Etienne Becht
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Raissa Fonseca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andreas Obers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Simone L Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Nagela Ghabdan-Zanluqui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jan Schroeder
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Susan N Christo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Dominik Schienstock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Junyun Lai
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas N Burn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Allison Clatch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Imran G House
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paul Beavis
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Scott N Mueller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Vaud and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Evan W Newell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Laura K Mackay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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23
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Sun L, Su Y, Jiao A, Wang X, Zhang B. T cells in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:235. [PMID: 37332039 PMCID: PMC10277291 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Upon antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic effector and memory cells, mediating direct killing, diverse immune regulatory function, and long-term protection. In response to acute and chronic infections and tumors, T cells adopt distinct differentiation trajectories and develop into a range of heterogeneous populations with various phenotype, differentiation potential, and functionality under precise and elaborate regulations of transcriptional and epigenetic programs. Abnormal T-cell immunity can initiate and promote the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of T cell development, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell classification, and differentiation in physiological settings. We further elaborate the heterogeneity, differentiation, functionality, and regulation network of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in infectious disease, chronic infection and tumor, and autoimmune disease, highlighting the exhausted CD8+ T cell differentiation trajectory, CD4+ T cell helper function, T cell contributions to immunotherapy and autoimmune pathogenesis. We also discuss the development and function of γδ T cells in tissue surveillance, infection, and tumor immunity. Finally, we summarized current T-cell-based immunotherapies in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, with an emphasis on their clinical applications. A better understanding of T cell immunity provides insight into developing novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Anjun Jiao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China.
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24
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Gräbnitz F, Stark D, Shlesinger D, Petkidis A, Borsa M, Yermanos A, Carr A, Barandun N, Wehling A, Balaz M, Schroeder T, Oxenius A. Asymmetric cell division safeguards memory CD8 T cell development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112468. [PMID: 37178119 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The strength of T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and asymmetric distribution of fate determinants are both implied to affect T cell differentiation. Here, we uncover asymmetric cell division (ACD) as a safeguard mechanism for memory CD8 T cell generation specifically upon strong TCR stimulation. Using live imaging approaches, we find that strong TCR stimulation induces elevated ACD rates, and subsequent single-cell-derived colonies comprise both effector and memory precursor cells. The abundance of memory precursor cells emerging from a single activated T cell positively correlates with first mitosis ACD. Accordingly, preventing ACD by inhibition of protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ) during the first mitosis upon strong TCR stimulation markedly curtails the formation of memory precursor cells. Conversely, no effect of ACD on fate commitment is observed upon weak TCR stimulation. Our data provide relevant mechanistic insights into the role of ACD for CD8 T cell fate regulation upon different activation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Gräbnitz
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Stark
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Shlesinger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Petkidis
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariana Borsa
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Alexander Yermanos
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Carr
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niculò Barandun
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arne Wehling
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Timm Schroeder
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annette Oxenius
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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25
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Abstract
Historically, the immune system was believed to develop along a linear axis of maturity from fetal life to adulthood. Now, it is clear that distinct layers of immune cells are generated from unique waves of hematopoietic progenitors during different windows of development. This model, known as the layered immune model, has provided a useful framework for understanding why distinct lineages of B cells and γδ T cells arise in succession and display unique functions in adulthood. However, the layered immune model has not been applied to CD8+ T cells, which are still often viewed as a uniform population of cells belonging to the same lineage, with functional differences between cells arising from environmental factors encountered during infection. Recent studies have challenged this idea, demonstrating that not all CD8+ T cells are created equally and that the functions of individual CD8+ T cells in adults are linked to when they were created in the host. In this review, we discuss the accumulating evidence suggesting there are distinct ontogenetic subpopulations of CD8+ T cells and propose that the layered immune model be extended to the CD8+ T cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cybelle Tabilas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Co-first author
| | - Norah L. Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Co-first author
| | - Brian D. Rudd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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26
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Liu J, Zhu S, Hu W, Zhao X, Shan Q, Peng W, Xue HH. CTCF mediates CD8+ effector differentiation through dynamic redistribution and genomic reorganization. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221288. [PMID: 36752796 PMCID: PMC9948760 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of effector CD8+ T cells is instructed by stably and dynamically expressed transcription regulators. Here we show that naive-to-effector differentiation was accompanied by dynamic CTCF redistribution and extensive chromatin architectural changes. Upon CD8+ T cell activation, CTCF acquired de novo binding sites and anchored novel chromatin interactions, and these changes were associated with increased chromatin accessibility and elevated expression of cytotoxic program genes including Tbx21, Ifng, and Klrg1. CTCF was also evicted from its ex-binding sites in naive state, with concomitantly reduced chromatin interactions in effector cells, as observed at memory precursor-associated genes including Il7r, Sell, and Tcf7. Genetic ablation of CTCF indeed diminished cytotoxic gene expression, but paradoxically elevated expression of memory precursor genes. Comparative Hi-C analysis revealed that key memory precursor genes were harbored within insulated neighborhoods demarcated by constitutive CTCF binding, and their induction was likely due to disrupted CTCF-dependent insulation. CTCF thus promotes cytotoxic effector differentiation by integrating local chromatin accessibility control and higher-order genomic reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Shaoqi Zhu
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Qiang Shan
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Weiqun Peng
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA
- New Jersey Veterans Affairs Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA
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27
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Osum KC, Jenkins MK. Toward a general model of CD4 + T cell subset specification and memory cell formation. Immunity 2023; 56:475-484. [PMID: 36921574 PMCID: PMC10084496 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, a number of transformative discoveries have been made regarding memory CD8+ T cell biology; meanwhile, the CD4+ T cell field has lagged behind this progress. This perspective focuses on CD4+ helper T (Th) cell subset specification and memory cell formation. Here, we argue that the sheer number of Th effector and memory cell subsets and a focus on their differences have been a barrier to a general model of CD4+ memory T cell formation that applies to all immune responses. We highlight a bifurcation model that relies on an IL-2 signal-dependent switch as an explanation for the balanced production of diverse Th memory cells that participate in cell-mediated or humoral immunity in most contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Osum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marc K Jenkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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28
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McClory SE, Bardhan O, Rome KS, Giles JR, Baxter AE, Xu L, Gimotty PA, Faryabi RB, Wherry EJ, Pear WS, Jordan MS. The pseudokinase Trib1 regulates the transition of exhausted T cells to a KLR + CD8 + effector state and its deletion improves checkpoint blockade. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.16.528833. [PMID: 36824931 PMCID: PMC9948998 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.16.528833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
T cell exhaustion (T EX ) impairs the ability of T cells to clear chronic infection or cancer. While exhausted T cells are hypofunctional, some exhausted T cells retain effector gene signatures, a feature that is associated with expression of KLRs (killer lectin-like receptors). Although KLR + T cells may improve control of chronic antigen, the signaling molecules regulating this population are poorly understood. Using scRNA-seq, flow cytometry, RNA velocity, and scTCR-seq, we demonstrate that deleting the pseudokinase Trib1 shifts T EX towards CX3CR1 + intermediates (T INT ) with robust enrichment of KLR + CD8 + T cells (T KLR ) via clonal T cell expansion. These changes are associated with globally increased KLR gene expression throughout the exhaustion program. Further, Trib1 loss augments anti-PD-L1 blockade to improve viral clearance by expanding the T KLR population. Together, these data identify Trib1 as an important regulator of T cell exhaustion whose targeting enhances the KLR + effector state and improves the response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. McClory
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Oishi Bardhan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kelly S. Rome
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Josephine R. Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amy E. Baxter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lanwei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Phyllis A. Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert B. Faryabi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E. John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Warren S. Pear
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martha S. Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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29
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Lisci M, Griffiths GM. Arming a killer: mitochondrial regulation of CD8 + T cell cytotoxicity. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:138-147. [PMID: 35753961 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
While once regarded as ATP factories, mitochondria have taken the spotlight as important regulators of cellular homeostasis. The past two decades have witnessed an intensifying interest in the study of mitochondria in cells of the immune system, with many new and unexpected roles for mitochondria emerging. Immune cells offer intriguing insights as mitochondria appear to play different roles at different stages of T cell development, matching the changing functions of the cells. Here we briefly review the multifaceted roles of mitochondria during T cell differentiation, focusing on CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and we consider how mitochondrial dysfunction can contribute to CTL exhaustion. In addition, we highlight a newly appreciated role for mitochondria as homeostatic regulators of CTL-mediated killing and explore the emerging literature describing mechanisms linking cytosolic and mitochondrial protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Lisci
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Gillian M Griffiths
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
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30
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Zhao X, Zhu S, Peng W, Xue HH. The Interplay of Transcription and Genome Topology Programs T Cell Development and Differentiation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2269-2278. [PMID: 36469845 PMCID: PMC9731349 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
T cells are essential for mounting defense against various pathogens and malignantly transformed cells. Thymic development and peripheral T cell differentiation are highly orchestrated biological processes that require precise gene regulation. Higher-order genome organization on multiple scales, in the form of chromatin loops, topologically associating domains and compartments, provides pivotal control of T cell gene expression. CTCF and the cohesin machinery are ubiquitously expressed architectural proteins responsible for establishing chromatin structures. Recent studies indicate that transcription factors, such as T lineage-defining Tcf1 and TCR-induced Batf, may have intrinsic ability and/or engage CTCF to shape chromatin architecture. In this article, we summarize current knowledge on the dynamic changes in genome topology that underlie normal or leukemic T cell development, CD4+ helper T cell differentiation, and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell functions. The knowledge lays a solid foundation for elucidating the causative link of spatial chromatin configuration to transcriptional and functional output in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ 07110
| | - Shaoqi Zhu
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington DC, 20052
| | - Weiqun Peng
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington DC, 20052
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ 07110
- New Jersey Veterans Affairs Health Care System, East Orange, NJ 07018
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31
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Daniel B, Yost KE, Hsiung S, Sandor K, Xia Y, Qi Y, Hiam-Galvez KJ, Black M, J Raposo C, Shi Q, Meier SL, Belk JA, Giles JR, Wherry EJ, Chang HY, Egawa T, Satpathy AT. Divergent clonal differentiation trajectories of T cell exhaustion. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1614-1627. [PMID: 36289450 PMCID: PMC11225711 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic antigen exposure during viral infection or cancer promotes an exhausted T cell (Tex) state with reduced effector function. However, whether all antigen-specific T cell clones follow the same Tex differentiation trajectory remains unclear. Here, we generate a single-cell multiomic atlas of T cell exhaustion in murine chronic viral infection that redefines Tex phenotypic diversity, including two late-stage Tex subsets with either a terminal exhaustion (Texterm) or a killer cell lectin-like receptor-expressing cytotoxic (TexKLR) phenotype. We use paired single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing to uncover clonal differentiation trajectories of Texterm-biased, TexKLR-biased or divergent clones that acquire both phenotypes. We show that high T cell receptor signaling avidity correlates with Texterm, whereas low avidity correlates with effector-like TexKLR fate. Finally, we identify similar clonal differentiation trajectories in human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. These findings reveal clonal heterogeneity in the T cell response to chronic antigen that influences Tex fates and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Daniel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn E Yost
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sunnie Hsiung
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katalin Sandor
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kamir J Hiam-Galvez
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mollie Black
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Colin J Raposo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quanming Shi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie L Meier
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julia A Belk
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Egawa
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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32
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Giles JR, Ngiow SF, Manne S, Baxter AE, Khan O, Wang P, Staupe R, Abdel-Hakeem MS, Huang H, Mathew D, Painter MM, Wu JE, Huang YJ, Goel RR, Yan PK, Karakousis GC, Xu X, Mitchell TC, Huang AC, Wherry EJ. Shared and distinct biological circuits in effector, memory and exhausted CD8 + T cells revealed by temporal single-cell transcriptomics and epigenetics. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1600-1613. [PMID: 36271148 PMCID: PMC10408358 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Naïve CD8+ T cells can differentiate into effector (Teff), memory (Tmem) or exhausted (Tex) T cells. These developmental pathways are associated with distinct transcriptional and epigenetic changes that endow cells with different functional capacities and therefore therapeutic potential. The molecular circuitry underlying these developmental trajectories and the extent of heterogeneity within Teff, Tmem and Tex populations remain poorly understood. Here, we used the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus model of acute-resolving and chronic infection to address these gaps by applying longitudinal single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) analyses. These analyses uncovered new subsets, including a subpopulation of Tex cells expressing natural killer cell-associated genes that is dependent on the transcription factor Zeb2, as well as multiple distinct TCF-1+ stem/progenitor-like subsets in acute and chronic infection. These data also revealed insights into the reshaping of Tex subsets following programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathway blockade and identified a key role for the cell stress regulator, Btg1, in establishing the Tex population. Finally, these results highlighted how the same biological circuits such as cytotoxicity or stem/progenitor pathways can be used by CD8+ T cell subsets with highly divergent underlying chromatin landscapes generated during different infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Omar Khan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Staupe
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Infectious Disease & Vaccines, MRL, Merck & Co. Inc., West Point, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed S Abdel-Hakeem
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Divij Mathew
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark M Painter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Wu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yinghui Jane Huang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rishi R Goel
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick K Yan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tara C Mitchell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander C Huang
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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33
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Sharma J, Mudalagiriyappa S, Nanjappa SG. T cell responses to control fungal infection in an immunological memory lens. Front Immunol 2022; 13:905867. [PMID: 36177012 PMCID: PMC9513067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.905867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, fungal vaccine research emanated significant findings in the field of antifungal T-cell immunity. The generation of effector T cells is essential to combat many mucosal and systemic fungal infections. The development of antifungal memory T cells is integral for controlling or preventing fungal infections, and understanding the factors, regulators, and modifiers that dictate the generation of such T cells is necessary. Despite the deficiency in the clear understanding of antifungal memory T-cell longevity and attributes, in this review, we will compile some of the existing literature on antifungal T-cell immunity in the context of memory T-cell development against fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Som Gowda Nanjappa
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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34
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Richard AC. Divide and Conquer: Phenotypic and Temporal Heterogeneity Within CD8 + T Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949423. [PMID: 35911755 PMCID: PMC9334874 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of technologies that can characterize the phenotypes, functions and fates of individual cells has revealed extensive and often unexpected levels of diversity between cells that are nominally of the same subset. CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), are no exception. Investigations of individual CD8+ T cells both in vitro and in vivo have highlighted the heterogeneity of cellular responses at the levels of activation, differentiation and function. This review takes a broad perspective on the topic of heterogeneity, outlining different forms of variation that arise during a CD8+ T cell response. Specific attention is paid to the impact of T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation strength on heterogeneity. In particular, this review endeavors to highlight connections between variation at different cellular stages, presenting known mechanisms and key open questions about how variation between cells can arise and propagate.
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35
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Huseby ES, Teixeiro E. The perception and response of T cells to a changing environment are based on the law of initial value. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabj9842. [PMID: 35639856 PMCID: PMC9290192 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj9842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
αβ T cells are critical components of the adaptive immune system and are capable of inducing sterilizing immunity after pathogen infection and eliminating transformed tumor cells. The development and function of T cells are controlled through the T cell antigen receptor, which recognizes peptides displayed on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Here, we review how T cells generate the ability to recognize self-peptide-bound MHC molecules and use signals derived from these interactions to instruct cellular development, activation thresholds, and functional specialization in the steady state and during immune responses. We argue that the basic tenants of T cell development and function follow Weber-Fetcher's law of just noticeable differences and Wilder's law of initial value. Together, these laws argue that the ability of a system to respond and the quality of that response are scalable to the basal state of that system. Manifestation of these laws in T cells generates clone-specific activation thresholds that are based on perceivable differences between homeostasis and pathogen encounter (self versus nonself discrimination), as well as poised states for subsequent differentiation into specific effector cell lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Huseby
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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36
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Montacchiesi G, Pace L. Epigenetics and CD8 + T cell memory. Immunol Rev 2021; 305:77-89. [PMID: 34923638 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Following antigen recognition, CD8+ T lymphocytes can follow different patterns of differentiation, with the generation of different subsets characterized by distinct phenotypes, functions, and migration properties. The changes of transcription factors activity and chromatin structure dynamics drive the functional differentiation and phenotypic heterogeneity of these T cell subsets, which include short-lived effectors, long-term survival of memory, and also dysfunctional exhausted T cells. Recent progress in the field has shed light on the key contribution of chromatin organization to control the T cell fate specification. In fact, the understanding of these processes has important implications for the development of new immunotherapy protocols and to design new vaccination strategies. Here, we review the current understanding of the contribution of chromatin architecture and transcription factor activity orchestrating the gene expression programs guiding the CD8+ T cell subset commitment. We will focus on epigenetic changes, acting sequentially or in combination, which control the transcriptional programs governing T cell plasticity, stability, and memory. New molecular insights into the mechanisms of maintenance of cellular memory and identity, favoring or impeding the reprogramming, will be discussed in the context of T cell memory differentiation in infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Montacchiesi
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo (Turin), Turin, Italy.,University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigia Pace
- Armenise-Harvard Immune Regulation Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Cossarizza A, Chang HD, Radbruch A, Abrignani S, Addo R, Akdis M, Andrä I, Andreata F, Annunziato F, Arranz E, Bacher P, Bari S, Barnaba V, Barros-Martins J, Baumjohann D, Beccaria CG, Bernardo D, Boardman DA, Borger J, Böttcher C, Brockmann L, Burns M, Busch DH, Cameron G, Cammarata I, Cassotta A, Chang Y, Chirdo FG, Christakou E, Čičin-Šain L, Cook L, Corbett AJ, Cornelis R, Cosmi L, Davey MS, De Biasi S, De Simone G, del Zotto G, Delacher M, Di Rosa F, Di Santo J, Diefenbach A, Dong J, Dörner T, Dress RJ, Dutertre CA, Eckle SBG, Eede P, Evrard M, Falk CS, Feuerer M, Fillatreau S, Fiz-Lopez A, Follo M, Foulds GA, Fröbel J, Gagliani N, Galletti G, Gangaev A, Garbi N, Garrote JA, Geginat J, Gherardin NA, Gibellini L, Ginhoux F, Godfrey DI, Gruarin P, Haftmann C, Hansmann L, Harpur CM, Hayday AC, Heine G, Hernández DC, Herrmann M, Hoelsken O, Huang Q, Huber S, Huber JE, Huehn J, Hundemer M, Hwang WYK, Iannacone M, Ivison SM, Jäck HM, Jani PK, Keller B, Kessler N, Ketelaars S, Knop L, Knopf J, Koay HF, Kobow K, Kriegsmann K, Kristyanto H, Krueger A, Kuehne JF, Kunze-Schumacher H, Kvistborg P, Kwok I, Latorre D, Lenz D, Levings MK, Lino AC, Liotta F, Long HM, Lugli E, MacDonald KN, Maggi L, Maini MK, Mair F, Manta C, Manz RA, Mashreghi MF, Mazzoni A, McCluskey J, Mei HE, Melchers F, Melzer S, Mielenz D, Monin L, Moretta L, Multhoff G, Muñoz LE, Muñoz-Ruiz M, Muscate F, Natalini A, Neumann K, Ng LG, Niedobitek A, Niemz J, Almeida LN, Notarbartolo S, Ostendorf L, Pallett LJ, Patel AA, Percin GI, Peruzzi G, Pinti M, Pockley AG, Pracht K, Prinz I, Pujol-Autonell I, Pulvirenti N, Quatrini L, Quinn KM, Radbruch H, Rhys H, Rodrigo MB, Romagnani C, Saggau C, Sakaguchi S, Sallusto F, Sanderink L, Sandrock I, Schauer C, Scheffold A, Scherer HU, Schiemann M, Schildberg FA, Schober K, Schoen J, Schuh W, Schüler T, Schulz AR, Schulz S, Schulze J, Simonetti S, Singh J, Sitnik KM, Stark R, Starossom S, Stehle C, Szelinski F, Tan L, Tarnok A, Tornack J, Tree TIM, van Beek JJP, van de Veen W, van Gisbergen K, Vasco C, Verheyden NA, von Borstel A, Ward-Hartstonge KA, Warnatz K, Waskow C, Wiedemann A, Wilharm A, Wing J, Wirz O, Wittner J, Yang JHM, Yang J. Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition). Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2708-3145. [PMID: 34910301 PMCID: PMC11115438 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202170126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer-reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state-of-the-art handbook for basic and clinical researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biotechnology, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Addo
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Immanuel Andrä
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesco Andreata
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sudipto Bari
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristian G. Beccaria
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dominic A. Boardman
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jessica Borger
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chotima Böttcher
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Brockmann
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York City, USA
| | - Marie Burns
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Garth Cameron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ilenia Cammarata
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino Cassotta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Yinshui Chang
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fernando Gabriel Chirdo
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos - IIFP (UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eleni Christakou
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Luka Čičin-Šain
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Cook
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alexandra J. Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Cornelis
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martin S. Davey
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Simone
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michael Delacher
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jun Dong
- Cell Biology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), An Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regine J. Dress
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherce Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Sidonia B. G. Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pascale Eede
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christine S. Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS, UMR8253, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Aida Fiz-Lopez
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Lighthouse Core Facility, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gemma A. Foulds
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Julia Fröbel
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of Medicine, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Giovanni Galletti
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Gangaev
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - José Antonio Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas A. Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dale I. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Haftmann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Hansmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M. Harpur
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian C. Hayday
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Guido Heine
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Carolina Hernández
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoelsken
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna E. Huber
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William Y. K. Hwang
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Executive Offices, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabine M. Ivison
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter K. Jani
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Kessler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Ketelaars
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Knop
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hui-Fern Koay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katja Kobow
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H. Kristyanto
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Krueger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jenny F. Kuehne
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Kunze-Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pia Kvistborg
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Daniel Lenz
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Megan K. Levings
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andreia C. Lino
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Heather M. Long
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katherine N. MacDonald
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mala K. Maini
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Florian Mair
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Calin Manta
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Armin Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henrik E. Mei
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Fritz Melchers
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Melzer
- Clinical Trial Center Leipzig, Leipzig University, Härtelstr.16, −18, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leticia Monin
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Luis Enrique Muñoz
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Muñoz-Ruiz
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Franziska Muscate
- Department of Medicine, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Katrin Neumann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jana Niemz
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Samuele Notarbartolo
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Lennard Ostendorf
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura J. Pallett
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amit A. Patel
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherce Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Gulce Itir Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - A. Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katharina Pracht
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irma Pujol-Autonell
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Nadia Pulvirenti
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Kylie M. Quinn
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, RMIT University, Bundorra, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hefin Rhys
- Flow Cytometry Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria B. Rodrigo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carina Saggau
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lieke Sanderink
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans U. Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank A. Schildberg
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Janina Schoen
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Axel R. Schulz
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Schulze
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Jeeshan Singh
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M. Sitnik
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Regina Stark
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin – BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
- Sanquin Research – Adaptive Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Starossom
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stehle
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Szelinski
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Attila Tarnok
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Tornack
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy I. M. Tree
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jasper J. P. van Beek
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Chiara Vasco
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Nikita A. Verheyden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anouk von Borstel
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten A. Ward-Hartstonge
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annika Wiedemann
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anneke Wilharm
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - James Wing
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Oliver Wirz
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jens Wittner
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennie H. M. Yang
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Juhao Yang
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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Dolina JS, Van Braeckel-Budimir N, Thomas GD, Salek-Ardakani S. CD8 + T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:715234. [PMID: 34354714 PMCID: PMC8330547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.715234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A paradigm shift in the understanding of the exhausted CD8+ T cell (Tex) lineage is underway. Originally thought to be a uniform population that progressively loses effector function in response to persistent antigen, single-cell analysis has now revealed that CD8+ Tex is composed of multiple interconnected subpopulations. The heterogeneity within the CD8+ Tex lineage is comprised of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) permissive and refractory subsets termed stem-like and terminally differentiated cells, respectively. These populations occupy distinct peripheral and intratumoral niches and are characterized by transcriptional processes that govern transitions between cell states. This review presents key findings in the field to construct an updated view of the spatial, transcriptional, and functional heterogeneity of anti-tumoral CD8+ Tex. These emerging insights broadly call for (re-)focusing cancer immunotherapies to center on the driver mechanism(s) underlying the CD8+ Tex developmental continuum aimed at stabilizing functional subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Dolina
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Graham D Thomas
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer, San Diego, CA, United States
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