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Wasilewska A, Grabowska M, Moskalik-Kierat D, Brzoza M, Laudański P, Garley M. Immunological Aspects of Infertility-The Role of KIR Receptors and HLA-C Antigen. Cells 2023; 13:59. [PMID: 38201263 PMCID: PMC10778566 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of immune tolerance of a mother against an antigenically foreign fetus without a concomitant loss of defense capabilities against pathogens are the factors underlying the success of a pregnancy. A significant role in human defense is played by killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) receptors, which regulate the function of the natural killer (NK) cells capable of destroying antigenically foreign cells, virus-infected cells, or tumor-lesioned cells. A special subpopulation of NK cells called uterine NK cells (uNK) is found in the uterus. Disruption of the tolerance process or overactivity of immune-competent cells can lead to immune infertility, a situation in which a woman's immune system attacks her own reproductive cells, making it impossible to conceive or maintain a pregnancy. Since the prominent role of the inflammatory response in infertility, including KIR receptors and NK cells, has been postulated, the process of antigen presentation involving major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (HLA) appears to be crucial for a successful pregnancy. Proper interactions between KIR receptors on female uNK cells and HLA class I molecules, with a predominant role for HLA-C, found on the surface of germ cells, are strategically important during embryo implantation. In addition, maintaining a functional balance between activating and inhibitory KIR receptors is essential for proper placenta formation and embryo implantation in the uterus. A disruption of this balance can lead to complications during pregnancy. The discovery of links between KIR and HLA-C has provided valuable information about the complexity of maternal-fetal immune interactions that determine the success of a pregnancy. The great diversity of maternal KIR and fetal HLA-C ligands is associated with the occurrence of KIR/HLA-C combinations that are more or less favorable for reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wasilewska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Marcelina Grabowska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Dominika Moskalik-Kierat
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Martyna Brzoza
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Piotr Laudański
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
- OVIklinika Infertility Center, 01-377 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland
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Schmidt EN, Lamprinaki D, McCord KA, Joe M, Sojitra M, Waldow A, Nguyen J, Monyror J, Kitova EN, Mozaneh F, Guo XY, Jung J, Enterina JR, Daskhan GC, Han L, Krysler AR, Cromwell CR, Hubbard BP, West LJ, Kulka M, Sipione S, Klassen JS, Derda R, Lowary TL, Mahal LK, Riddell MR, Macauley MS. Siglec-6 mediates the uptake of extracellular vesicles through a noncanonical glycolipid binding pocket. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2327. [PMID: 37087495 PMCID: PMC10122656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory Siglecs are controlled by their glycoprotein and glycolipid ligands. Siglec-glycolipid interactions are often studied outside the context of a lipid bilayer, missing the complex behaviors of glycolipids in a membrane. Through optimizing a liposomal formulation to dissect Siglec-glycolipid interactions, it is shown that Siglec-6 can recognize glycolipids independent of its canonical binding pocket, suggesting that Siglec-6 possesses a secondary binding pocket tailored for recognizing glycolipids in a bilayer. A panel of synthetic neoglycolipids is used to probe the specificity of this glycolipid binding pocket on Siglec-6, leading to the development of a neoglycolipid with higher avidity for Siglec-6 compared to natural glycolipids. This neoglycolipid facilitates the delivery of liposomes to Siglec-6 on human mast cells, memory B-cells and placental syncytiotrophoblasts. A physiological relevance for glycolipid recognition by Siglec-6 is revealed for the binding and internalization of extracellular vesicles. These results demonstrate a unique and physiologically relevant ability of Siglec-6 to recognize glycolipids in a membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward N Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Kelli A McCord
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maju Joe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mirat Sojitra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ayk Waldow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jasmine Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Physiology University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John Monyror
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Elena N Kitova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fahima Mozaneh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xue Yan Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jaesoo Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jhon R Enterina
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gour C Daskhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amanda R Krysler
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Basil P Hubbard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lori J West
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marianne Kulka
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- National Research Council, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Simonetta Sipione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John S Klassen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ratmir Derda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Todd L Lowary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Meghan R Riddell
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Physiology University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Gandecha H, Kaur A, Sanghera R, Preece J, Pillay T. Nutrition and Immunity in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132747. [PMID: 35807927 PMCID: PMC9269416 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia ischaemia (PHI), acute and chronic, may be associated with considerable adverse outcomes in the foetus and neonate. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of injury and repair associated with PHI in the perinate are not completely understood. Increasing evidence is mounting for the role of nutrients and bioactive food components in immune development, function and repair in PHI. In this review, we explore current concepts around the neonatal immune response to PHI with a specific emphasis on the impact of nutrition in the mother, foetus and neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Gandecha
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Avineet Kaur
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Ranveer Sanghera
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Joanna Preece
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Thillagavathie Pillay
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Healthcare Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
- College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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Bafor EE, Valencia JC, Young HA. Double Negative T Regulatory Cells: An Emerging Paradigm Shift in Reproductive Immune Tolerance? Front Immunol 2022; 13:886645. [PMID: 35844500 PMCID: PMC9283768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune regulation of female reproductive function plays a crucial role in fertility, as alterations in the relationship between immune and reproductive processes result in autoimmune subfertility or infertility. The breakdown of immune tolerance leads to ovulation dysfunction, implantation failure, and pregnancy loss. In this regard, immune cells with regulatory activities are essential to restore self-tolerance. Apart from regulatory T cells, double negative T regulatory cells (DNTregs) characterized by TCRαβ+/γδ+CD3+CD4–CD8– (and negative for natural killer cell markers) are emerging as effector cells capable of mediating immune tolerance in the female reproductive system. DNTregs are present in the female reproductive tract of humans and murine models. However, their full potential as immune regulators is evolving, and studies so far indicate that DNTregs exhibit features that can also maintain tolerance in the female reproductive microenvironment. This review describes recent progress on the presence, role and mechanisms of DNTregs in the female reproductive system immune regulation and tolerance. In addition, we address how DNTregs can potentially provide a paradigm shift from the known roles of conventional regulatory T cells and immune tolerance by maintaining and restoring balance in the reproductive microenvironment of female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enitome E Bafor
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Julio C Valencia
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Howard A Young
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
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