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Dubot P, Sabourdy F, Levade T. Human genetic defects of sphingolipid synthesis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38706107 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous lipids, present in the membranes of all cell types, the stratum corneum and the circulating lipoproteins. Autosomal recessive as well as dominant diseases due to disturbed sphingolipid biosynthesis have been identified, including defects in the synthesis of ceramides, sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids. In many instances, these gene variants result in the loss of catalytic function of the mutated enzymes. Additional gene defects implicate the subcellular localization of the sphingolipid-synthesizing enzyme, the regulation of its activity, or even the function of a sphingolipid-transporter protein. The resulting metabolic alterations lead to two major, non-exclusive types of clinical manifestations: a neurological disease, more or less rapidly progressive, associated or not with intellectual disability, and an ichthyotic-type skin disorder. These phenotypes highlight the critical importance of sphingolipids in brain and skin development and homeostasis. The present article reviews the clinical symptoms, genetic and biochemical alterations, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic options of this relatively novel group of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Dubot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Frédérique Sabourdy
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
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Almazroea A, Ijaz A, Aziz A, Mushtaq Yasinzai M, Rafiullah R, Rehman FU, Daud S, Shaikh R, Ayub M, Wali A. Identification and In Silico Analysis of a Homozygous Nonsense Variant in TGM1 Gene Segregating with Congenital Ichthyosis in a Consanguineous Family. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:103. [PMID: 36676727 PMCID: PMC9866252 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lamellar ichthyosis is a rare skin disease characterized by large, dark brown plate-like scales on the entire body surface with minimum or no erythema. This phenotype is frequently associated with a mutation in the TGM1 gene, encoding the enzyme transglutaminase 1 which plays a catalytic role in the formation of the cornified cell envelop. The present study aimed to carry out clinical and genetic characterization of the autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis family from Balochistan. Materials and Methods: A consanguineous family with lamellar ichthyosis was enrolled from Balochistan, Pakistan. PCR amplification of all the exons and splice site junctions of the TGM1 gene followed by Sanger sequencing was performed on the genomic DNA. The identified variant was checked by In silico prediction tools to evaluate the effect of the variant on protein. Results: Sanger sequencing identified a homozygous nonsense variant c.131G >A (p.Trp44*) in the TGM1 gene that segregated in the autosomal recessive mode of inheritance in the family. The identified variant results in premature termination of transcribed mRNA and is predicted to cause a truncated or absent translation product transglutaminase-1 (TGase-1) accompanied by loss of catalytic activity, causing a severe clinical phenotype of lamellar ichthyosis in the patients. Conclusions: Here, we report a consanguineous lamellar ichthyosis family with a homozygous nonsense variant in the TGM1 gene. The variant is predicted as pathogenic by different In silico prediction tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadi Almazroea
- Pediatrician, Associate Professor at College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ambreen Ijaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
- Department of Zoology, SBK Women’s University, Quetta 87500, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Department of Computer Sciences and Bioinformatics, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak 27200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mushtaq Yasinzai
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Rafiullah Rafiullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Ur Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87550, Pakistan
| | - Shakeela Daud
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Rozeena Shaikh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87550, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Informatics, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
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Ennouri M, Zimmer AD, Bahloul E, Chaabouni R, Marrakchi S, Turki H, Fakhfakh F, Bougacha-Elleuch N, Fischer J. Clinical and genetic investigation of ichthyosis in familial and sporadic cases in south of Tunisia: genotype-phenotype correlation. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:4. [PMID: 34983512 PMCID: PMC8729015 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of Mendelian cornification disorders that includes syndromic and non-syndromic forms. Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis (ARCI) and Ichthyosis Linearis Circumflexa (ILC) belong to non-syndromic forms. Syndromic ichthyosis is rather a large group of heterogeneous diseases. Overlapping phenotypes and genotypes between these disorders is a major characteristic. Therefore, determining the specific genetic background for each form would be necessary.
Methods A total of 11 Tunisian patients with non-syndromic (8 with ARCI and 2 with ILC) and autosomal syndromic ichthyosis (1 patient) were screened by a custom Agilent HaloPlex multi-gene panel and the segregation of causative mutations were analyzed in available family members. Results Clinical and molecular characterization, leading to genotype–phenotype correlation in 11 Tunisian patients was carried out. Overall, we identified 8 mutations in 5 genes. Thus, in patients with ARCI, we identified a novel (c.118T > C in NIPAL4) and 4 already reported mutations (c.534A > C in NIPAL4; c.788G > A and c.1042C > T in TGM1 and c.844C > T in CYP4F22). Yellowish severe keratoderma was found to be associated with NIPAL4 variations and brachydactyly to TGM1 mutations. Two novel variations (c.5898G > C and c.2855A > G in ABCA12) seemed to be features of ILC. Delexon13 in CERS3 was reported in a patient with syndromic ichthyosis. Conclusions Our study further extends the spectrum of mutations involved in ichthyosis as well as clinical features that could help directing genetic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Ennouri
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax University, Street of Soukra km 4, BP 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Andreas D Zimmer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emna Bahloul
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Chaabouni
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Hamida Turki
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax University, Street of Soukra km 4, BP 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Noura Bougacha-Elleuch
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax University, Street of Soukra km 4, BP 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Judith Fischer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Hotz A, Bourrat E, Küsel J, Oji V, Alter S, Hake L, Korbi M, Ott H, Hausser I, Zimmer AD, Fischer J. Mutation update for CYP4F22 variants associated with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1305-1313. [PMID: 30011118 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of rare disorders of keratinization characterized by generalized abnormal scaling of the skin. Ten genes are currently known to be associated with ARCI: TGM1, ALOXE3, ALOX12B, NIPAL4 (ICHTHYIN), ABCA12, CYP4F22, PNPLA1, CERS3, SDR9C7, and SULT2B1. Over a period of 22 years, we have studied a large patient cohort from 770 families with a clinical diagnosis of ARCI. Since the first report that mutations in the gene CYP4F22 are causative for ARCI in 2006, we have identified 54 families with pathogenic mutations in CYP4F22 including 23 previously unreported mutations. In this report, we provide an up-to-date overview of all published and novel CYP4F22 mutations and point out possible mutation hot spots. We discuss the molecular and clinical findings, the genotype-phenotype correlations and consequences on genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alrun Hotz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Bourrat
- Centre de Référence des Génodermatoses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Julia Küsel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vinzenz Oji
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Svenja Alter
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisanne Hake
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Mouna Korbi
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Hagen Ott
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology and Allergology, Children's Hospital Auf der Bult, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hausser
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas D Zimmer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Judith Fischer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Noguera-Morel L, Feito-Rodríguez M, Maldonado-Cid P, García-Miñáur S, Kamsteeg EJ, González-Sarmiento R, De Lucas-Laguna R, Hernández-Martín A, Torrelo A. Two Cases of Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis due to CYP4F22 Mutations: Expanding the Genotype of Self-Healing Collodion Baby. Pediatr Dermatol 2016; 33:e48-51. [PMID: 26646773 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Collodion babies are born with a tight, shiny cast that sheds in a few weeks. After shedding, most patients will display features of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) later in life but in up to 10% of cases, the skin eventually becomes normal or only minimally involved, a phenotype called self-healing collodion baby (SHCB), which is considered as ARCI subtype in the 2010 consensus classification of congenital ichthyosis. The term self-improving collodion ichthyosis (SICI) has been proposed for these patients. SHCB/SICI was initially associated with mutations in the gene TGM1. However, some cases showing ALOX12B and ALOXE3 gene mutations have also been reported. We report two cases of SHCB/SICI showing homozygous mutations in the gene CYP4F22.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sixto García-Miñáur
- Clinical Genetics Section, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Unit 753, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetic, Genome Diagnostics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Molecular Medicine Unit-Department of Medicine, IBSAL and IBMCC, Universitiy Hospital of Salamanca and CSIC, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
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Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2013; 104:270-84. [PMID: 23562412 DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2011.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The term autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) refers to a group of rare disorders of keratinization classified as nonsyndromic forms of ichthyosis. This group was traditionally divided into lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE) but today it also includes harlequin ichthyosis, self-healing collodion baby, acral self-healing collodion baby, and bathing suit ichthyosis. The combined prevalence of LI and CIE has been estimated at 1 case per 138 000 to 300 000 population. In some countries or regions, such as Norway and the coast of Galicia, the prevalence may be higher due to founder effects. ARCI is genetically highly heterogeneous and has been associated with 6 genes to date: TGM1, ALOXE3, ALOX12B, NIPAL4, CYP4F22, and ABCA12. In this article, we review the current knowledge on ARCI, with a focus on clinical, histological, ultrastructural, genetic, molecular, and treatment-related aspects.
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Klar J, Schweiger M, Zimmerman R, Zechner R, Li H, Törmä H, Vahlquist A, Bouadjar B, Dahl N, Fischer J. Mutations in the fatty acid transport protein 4 gene cause the ichthyosis prematurity syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2009; 85:248-53. [PMID: 19631310 PMCID: PMC2725242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS) is an autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by premature birth and neonatal asphyxia, followed by a lifelong nonscaly ichthyosis with atopic manifestations. Here we show that the gene encoding the fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) is mutated in individuals with IPS. Fibroblasts derived from a patient with IPS show reduced activity of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA)-CoA synthetase and a specific reduction in the incorporation of VLCFA into cellular lipids. The human phenotype is consistent with Fatp4 deficiency in mice that is characterized by a severe skin phenotype, a defective permeability barrier function, and perturbed VLCFA metabolism. Our results further emphasize the importance of fatty acid metabolism for normal epidermal barrier function illustrated by deficiency of a member in the FATP family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Klar
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martina Schweiger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Zimmerman
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Törmä
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Vahlquist
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bakar Bouadjar
- Department of Dermatology, CHU of Bab-El-Oued, 16000 Algiers, Algeria
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Judith Fischer
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, CNG, 91057 Evry Cedex, France
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Herman ML, Farasat S, Steinbach PJ, Wei MH, Toure O, Fleckman P, Blake P, Bale SJ, Toro JR. Transglutaminase-1 gene mutations in autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis: summary of mutations (including 23 novel) and modeling of TGase-1. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:537-47. [PMID: 19241467 PMCID: PMC3243309 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of rare cornification diseases. Germline mutations in TGM1 are the most common cause of ARCI in the United States. TGM1 encodes for the TGase-1 enzyme that functions in the formation of the cornified cell envelope. Structurally defective or attenuated cornified cell envelop have been shown in epidermal scales and appendages of ARCI patients with TGM1 mutations. We review the clinical manifestations as well as the molecular genetics of ARCI. In addition, we characterized 115 TGM1 mutations reported in 234 patients from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds (Caucasion Americans, Norwegians, Swedish, Finnish, German, Swiss, French, Italian, Dutch, Portuguese, Hispanics, Iranian, Tunisian, Moroccan, Egyptian, Afghani, Hungarian, African Americans, Korean, Japanese and South African). We report 23 novel mutations: 71 (62%) missense; 20 (17%) nonsense; 9 (8%) deletion; 8 (7%) splice-site, and 7 (6%) insertion. The c.877-2A>G was the most commonly reported TGM1 mutation accounting for 34% (147 of 435) of all TGM1 mutant alleles reported to date. It had been shown that this mutation is common among North American and Norwegian patients due to a founder effect. Thirty-one percent (36 of 115) of all mutations and 41% (29 of 71) of missense mutations occurred in arginine residues in TGase-1. Forty-nine percent (35 of 71) of missense mutations were within CpG dinucleotides, and 74% (26/35) of these mutations were C>T or G>A transitions. We constructed a model of human TGase-1 and showed that all mutated arginines that reside in the two beta-barrel domains and two (R142 and R143) in the beta-sandwich are located at domain interfaces. In conclusion, this study expands the TGM1 mutation spectrum and summarizes the current knowledge of TGM1 mutations. The high frequency of mutated arginine codons in TGM1 may be due to the deamination of 5' methylated CpG dinucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Herman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sharifeh Farasat
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter J. Steinbach
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Division of Computational Bioscience, Center for Information Technology, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ming-Hui Wei
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ousmane Toure
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Philip Fleckman
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Patrick Blake
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | | | - Jorge R. Toro
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
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Basel-Vanagaite L, Attia R, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Rainshtein L, Ben Amitai D, Lurie R, Pasmanik-Chor M, Indelman M, Zvulunov A, Saban S, Magal N, Sprecher E, Shohat M. Autosomal recessive ichthyosis with hypotrichosis caused by a mutation in ST14, encoding type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:467-77. [PMID: 17273967 PMCID: PMC1821100 DOI: 10.1086/512487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we describe a novel autosomal recessive ichthyosis with hypotrichosis syndrome, characterized by congenital ichthyosis associated with abnormal hair. Using homozygosity mapping, we mapped the disease locus to 11q24.3-q25. We screened the ST14 gene, which encodes matriptase, since transplantation of skin from matriptase(-/-)-knockout mice onto adult athymic nude mice has been shown elsewhere to result in an ichthyosislike phenotype associated with almost complete absence of erupted pelage hairs. Mutation analysis revealed a missense mutation, G827R, in the highly conserved peptidase S1-S6 domain. Marked skin hyperkeratosis due to impaired degradation of the stratum corneum corneodesmosomes was observed in the affected individuals, which suggests that matriptase plays a significant role in epidermal desquamation.
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Arita K, Jacyk WK, Wessagowit V, van Rensburg EJ, Chaplin T, Mein CA, Akiyama M, Shimizu H, Happle R, McGrath JA. The South African “Bathing Suit Ichthyosis” Is a Form of Lamellar Ichthyosis Caused by a Homozygous Missense Mutation, p.R315L, in Transglutaminase 1. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127:490-3. [PMID: 16977323 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lesueur F, Bouadjar B, Lefèvre C, Jobard F, Audebert S, Lakhdar H, Martin L, Tadini G, Karaduman A, Emre S, Saker S, Lathrop M, Fischer J. Novel mutations in ALOX12B in patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis and evidence for genetic heterogeneity on chromosome 17p13. J Invest Dermatol 2006; 127:829-34. [PMID: 17139268 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report clinical and molecular findings in 20 patients from 11 families with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) linked to chromosome 17p13, and attributed to mutations in the ALOX gene cluster, which includes three lipoxygenase genes, ALOXE3, ALOX12B, and ALOX15B. We identified six novel missense mutations and one novel deletion leading to a premature stop codon in ALOX12B in only six out of the 11 families which led us to investigate a possible implication of ALOX15B. Mutation analysis of this gene, as well as ALOXE3, which is known to be mutated in some cases of ARCI, failed to reveal causative mutations in the five remaining ARCI families, indicating that other genes on chromosome 17p13 may be involved in this disease. However, by adding new variants to the repertoire of ALOX12B mutations in non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, our data contribute to an enlargement of the spectrum of mutations for the development of efficient molecular genetic tests for analysis of at risk individuals whose carrier status is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Lesueur
- Centre National de Génotypage, Dermatologic Disease Projects, Evry, France
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Oji V, Hautier JM, Ahvazi B, Hausser I, Aufenvenne K, Walker T, Seller N, Steijlen PM, Küster W, Hovnanian A, Hennies HC, Traupe H. Bathing suit ichthyosis is caused by transglutaminase-1 deficiency: evidence for a temperature-sensitive phenotype. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15:3083-97. [PMID: 16968736 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddl249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bathing suit ichthyosis (BSI) is a striking and unique clinical form of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis characterized by pronounced scaling on the bathing suit areas but sparing of the extremities and the central face. Here we report on a series of 10 BSI patients. Our genetic, ultrastructural and biochemical investigations show that BSI is caused by transglutaminase-1 (TGase-1) deficiency. Altogether, we identified 13 mutations in TGM1-among them seven novel missense mutations and one novel nonsense mutation. Structural modeling for the Tyr276Asn mutation reveals that the residue is buried in the hydrophobic interior of the enzyme and that the hydroxyl side chain of Tyr276 is exposed to solvent in a cavity of the enzyme. Cryosections of healthy skin areas demonstrated an almost normal TGase activity, in contrast to the affected BSI skin, which only showed a cytoplasmic and clearly reduced TGase-1 activity. The distribution of TGase-1 substrates in the epidermis of affected skin corresponded to the situation in TGase-1 deficiency. Interestingly, the expression of TGase-3 and cathepsin D was reduced. Digital thermography validated a striking correlation between warmer body areas and presence of scaling in patients suggesting a decisive influence of the skin temperature. In situ TGase testing in skin of BSI patients demonstrated a marked decrease of enzyme activity when the temperature was increased from 25 to 37 degrees C. We conclude that BSI is caused by TGase-1 deficiency and suggest that it is a temperature-sensitive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinzenz Oji
- Department of Dermatology, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58 D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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Mizrachi-Koren M, Shemer S, Morgan M, Indelman M, Khamaysi Z, Petronius D, Bitterman-Deutsch O, Hennies HC, Bergman R, Sprecher E. Homozygosity mapping as a screening tool for the molecular diagnosis of hereditary skin diseases in consanguineous populations. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 55:393-401. [PMID: 16908342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2005] [Revised: 02/05/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The routine diagnosis of genodermatoses is significantly complicated by the fact that in this group of disorders, clinical manifestations may result from mutations in unrelated genes (genetic heterogeneity) and mutations in the same gene often lead to dissimilar clinical signs (phenotypic heterogeneity). METHODS In this study, we applied the principles of homozygosity mapping as a screening method before formal mutational analysis in an attempt to facilitate the molecular diagnosis of genodermatoses in consanguineous families. The method was evaluated in a retrospective fashion in 4 families previously assessed with junctional epidermolysis bullosa and in a prospective manner in 11 families with congenital recessive ichthyosis. RESULTS The method was found to be efficient in directing the molecular analysis to one of the 4 genes commonly involved in the pathogenesis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa or in identifying cases of congenital recessive ichthyosis caused by mutations in TGM1. We found that this diagnostic strategy results in a 5-fold decrease in the cost of mutation analysis. LIMITATIONS The proposed diagnostic strategy is applicable to consanguineous families only and, therefore, cannot be used in outbred populations. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that homozygosity mapping may serve as a useful adjunct in the molecular diagnosis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa or congenital recessive ichthyosis in inbred populations. This study emphasizes the usefulness in human genetics of diagnostic strategies tailored to the demographic features of target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordechai Mizrachi-Koren
- Laboratory of Molecular Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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16
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Melin M, Klar J, Jr Gedde-Dahl T, Fredriksson R, Hausser I, Brandrup F, Bygum A, Vahlquist A, Hellström Pigg M, Dahl N. A founder mutation for ichthyosis prematurity syndrome restricted to 76 kb by haplotype association. J Hum Genet 2006; 51:864-871. [PMID: 16946994 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-006-0035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2006] [Accepted: 06/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a group of keratinisation disorders that includes the ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS). IPS is rare and almost exclusively present in a restricted region in the middle of Norway and Sweden, which indicates a founder effect for the disorder. We recently reported linkage of IPS to chromosome 9q34, and we present here the subsequent fine-mapping of this region with known and novel microsatellite markers as well as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Allelic association, evaluated with Fisher's exact test and P (excess), was used to refine the IPS haplotype to approximately 1.6 Mb. On the basis of the average length of the haplotype in IPS patients, we calculated the age of a founder mutation to approximately 1,900 years. The IPS haplotype contains a core region of 76 kb consisting of four marker alleles shared by 97.7% of the chromosomes associated with IPS. This region spans four known genes, all of which are expressed in mature epidermal cells. We present the results from the analysis of these four genes and their corresponding transcripts in normal and patient-derived samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Melin
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - J Klar
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - T Jr Gedde-Dahl
- Department of Dermatology, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, and Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - R Fredriksson
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Hausser
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Brandrup
- Department of Dermatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - A Bygum
- Department of Dermatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - A Vahlquist
- Department of Medical Science, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Hellström Pigg
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden
| | - N Dahl
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden.
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17
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Akiyama M. Harlequin ichthyosis and other autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses: the underlying genetic defects and pathomechanisms. J Dermatol Sci 2006; 42:83-9. [PMID: 16481150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Revised: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 01/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) include several severe subtypes including harlequin ichthyosis (HI), lamellar ichthyosis and non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Patients with these severe types of ichthyoses frequently show severe hyperkeratosis and scales over a large part of the body surface form birth and their quality of life is often severely affected. Recently, research into the pathomechanisms of these severe congenital ichthyoses have advanced dramatically and led to the identification of several causative genes and molecules underlying the genetic defects. To date, seven loci have been identified that are associated with ARCI and, among them, five causative genes and molecules have been detected. The five genes are transglutaminase 1 gene (TGM1), ABCA12, two lipoxygenase genes, ALOXE3 and ALOX12B and ichthyin. One of these components, ABCA12, has recently been shown to be a keratinocyte lipid transporter associated with lipid transport in lamellar granules and loss of ABCA12 function leads to a defective lipid barrier in the stratum corneum, resulting in the HI phenotype. Transglutaminse 1 deficiency was reported to cause a malformed cornified cell envelope leading to a defect in the intercellular lipid layers in the stratum corneum and defective stratum corneum barrier function resulting in an ichthyosis phenotype. Thus, defective intercellular lipid layers are major findings in autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses. Information concerning ARCI genetic defects and disease pathomechanisms are beneficial for providing better treatments and genetic counseling including prenatal diagnosis for families affect by ichthyoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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18
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Lefèvre C, Bouadjar B, Ferrand V, Tadini G, Mégarbané A, Lathrop M, Prud'homme JF, Fischer J. Mutations in a new cytochrome P450 gene in lamellar ichthyosis type 3. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15:767-76. [PMID: 16436457 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the identification of mutations in a non-syndromic autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) in a new gene mapping within a previously identified locus on chromosome 19p12-q12, which has been defined as LI3 in the OMIM database (MIM 604777). The phenotype usually presents as lamellar ichthyosis and hyperlinearity of palms and soles. Seven homozygous mutations including five missense mutations and two deletions were identified in a new gene, FLJ39501, on chromosome 19p12 in 21 patients from 12 consanguineous families from Algeria, France, Italy and Lebanon. FLJ39501 encodes a protein which was found to be a cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, polypeptide 2 homolog of the leukotriene B4-omega-hydroxylase (CYP4F2) and could catalyze the 20-hydroxylation of trioxilin A3 from the 12(R)-lipoxygenase pathway. Further oxidation of this substrate by the fatty alcohol:nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide oxidoreductase (FAO) enzyme complex, in which one component, ALDH3A2, is known to be mutated in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (characterized by ichthyosis and spastic paraplegia), would lead to 20-carboxy-(R)-trioxilin A3. This compound could be involved in skin hydration and would be the essential missing product in most forms of ARCI. Its chiral homolog, 20-carboxy-(S)-trioxilin A3, could be implicated in spastic paraplegia and in the maintenance of neuronal integrity.
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19
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Mizrachi-Koren M, Geiger D, Indelman M, Bitterman-Deutsch O, Bergman R, Sprecher E. Identification of a novel locus associated with congenital recessive ichthyosis on 12p11.2-q13. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 125:456-62. [PMID: 16117785 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202x.2005.23777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Congenital recessive ichthyoses represent a vast and markedly heterogeneous group of diseases that have been mapped to at least seven distinct chromosomal loci. In this study, we ascertained two consanguineous families presenting with congenital ichthyosis. Using homozygosity mapping, we identified a 6.5 cM homozygous region on 12p11.2-q13 shared by all affected individuals. Multipoint logarithm of odds ratio (LOD) score analysis placed the new locus between markers D12S345 and D12S390 with a maximum LOD score of 4.79 at marker CH12SSR13. This region harbors PPHLN1, encoding periphilin 1, a protein involved in the cornification process. No deleterious mutations were identified within the coding region of this gene, suggesting the existence of another gene associated with epidermal differentiation on 12p11.2-q13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordechai Mizrachi-Koren
- Laboratory of Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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20
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Richard G. Molecular genetics of the ichthyoses. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2005; 131C:32-44. [PMID: 15452860 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ichthyoses are a large, clinically, genetically, and etiologically heterogeneous group of disorders of cornification due to abnormal differentiation and desquamation of the epidermis. Although they differ in clinical features, inheritance, and structural and biochemical abnormalities of the epidermis, they often pose a diagnostic challenge. For each of the 12 ichthyoses and related disorders described here, the major disease genes have been identified and genotype-phenotype correlation have begun to emerge. The molecular findings reveal the functional importance and interactions of many different epidermal proteins and metabolic pathways, including major structural proteins (keratins, loricrin), enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (transglutaminase 1, lipoxygenases, fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase, steroid sulfatase, glucocerebrosidase, Delta8-Delta7 sterol isomerase, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase), and protein catabolism (LEKTI), peroxisomal transport and processing (Peroxin 7 receptor, Phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase) and DNA repair (proteins of the transcription repair complex). This review highlights the spectacular advances in the molecular genetics and biology of heritable ichthyoses over the past decade. It illustrates the power of molecular diagnostics for refining disease classification, providing prenatal diagnosis, improving genetic counseling, and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Richard
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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21
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Lefèvre C, Bouadjar B, Karaduman A, Jobard F, Saker S, Ozguc M, Lathrop M, Prud'homme JF, Fischer J. Mutations in ichthyin a new gene on chromosome 5q33 in a new form of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Hum Mol Genet 2004; 13:2473-82. [PMID: 15317751 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddh263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the genomic localization by homozygosity mapping and the identification of a gene for a new form of non-syndromic autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. The phenotype usually presents as non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma with fine whitish scaling on an erythrodermal background; larger brownish scales are present on the buttocks, neck and legs. A few patients presented a more generalized lamellar ichthyosis. Palmoplantar keratoderma was present in all cases, whereas only 60% of the patients were born as collodion babies. Six homozygous mutations including one nonsense and five missense mutations were identified in a new gene, ichthyin, on chromosome 5q33 in 23 patients from 14 consanguineous families from Algeria, Colombia, Syria and Turkey. Ichthyin encodes a protein with several transmembrane domains which belongs to a new family of proteins of unknown function localized in the plasma membrane (PFAM: DUF803), with homologies to both transporters and G-protein coupled receptors. This family includes NIPA1, in which a mutation was recently described in a dominant form of spastic paraplegia (SPG6). We propose that ichthyin and NIPA1 are membrane receptors for ligands (trioxilins A3 and B3) from the hepoxilin pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Base Sequence
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics
- Consanguinity
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Haplotypes
- Humans
- Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital/ethnology
- Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital/genetics
- Ichthyosis, Lamellar/ethnology
- Ichthyosis, Lamellar/genetics
- Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/ethnology
- Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/genetics
- Linkage Disequilibrium
- Male
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation/genetics
- Pedigree
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
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22
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Kaunisto MA, Harno H, Vanmolkot KRJ, Gargus JJ, Sun G, Hämäläinen E, Liukkonen E, Kallela M, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Frants RR, Färkkilä M, Palotie A, Wessman M. A novel missense ATP1A2 mutation in a Finnish family with familial hemiplegic migraine type 2. Neurogenetics 2004; 5:141-6. [PMID: 15133718 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-004-0178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2003] [Accepted: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM), a rare autosomal dominant subtype of migraine with aura, has been linked to two chromosomal loci, 19p13 and 1q23. Mutations in the Na+K+-ATPase alpha2 subunit gene, ATP1A2, on 1q23 have recently been shown to cause familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2). We sequenced the coding regions of this gene in a Finnish chromosome 1q23-linked FHM family with associated symptoms such as coma and identified a novel A1033G mutation in exon 9. This mutation results in a threonine-to-alanine substitution at codon 345. This residue is located in a highly conserved N-terminal region of the M4-5 loop of the Na+,K+-ATPase. Furthermore, the T345A mutation co-segregated with the disorder in our family and was not present in 132 healthy Finnish control individuals. For these reasons it is most likely the FHM-causing mutation in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kaunisto
- Biomedicum Helsinki, Research Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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23
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Kaunisto MA, Harno H, Kallela M, Somer H, Sallinen R, Hämäläinen E, Miettinen PJ, Vesa J, Orpana A, Palotie A, Färkkilä M, Wessman M. Novel splice site CACNA1A mutation causing episodic ataxia type 2. Neurogenetics 2003; 5:69-73. [PMID: 14530926 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-003-0161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2003] [Accepted: 09/01/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA-2) is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder, characterized by episodes of ataxia, vertigo, nausea, nystagmus, and fatigue, associated with acetazolamide responsiveness. The disease is caused by mutations in the P/Q-type calcium channel Ca(v)2.1 subunit gene, CACNA1A, located on chromosome 19p13.2. We analyzed a family with 13 affected individuals for linkage to this locus and reached a two-point maximum LOD score of 4.48. A novel CACNA1A mutation, IVS36-2A>G, at the 3' acceptor splice site of intron 36 was identified by sequencing. It is the first described CACNA1A acceptor splice site mutation and the most C-terminal EA-2-causing mutation reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kaunisto
- Biomedicum Helsinki, Molecular Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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24
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Wakabayashi N, Itoh K, Wakabayashi J, Motohashi H, Noda S, Takahashi S, Imakado S, Kotsuji T, Otsuka F, Roop DR, Harada T, Engel JD, Yamamoto M. Keap1-null mutation leads to postnatal lethality due to constitutive Nrf2 activation. Nat Genet 2003; 35:238-45. [PMID: 14517554 DOI: 10.1038/ng1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2003] [Accepted: 09/15/2003] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor Nrf2 (encoded by Nfe2l2) regulates a battery of detoxifying and antioxidant genes, and Keap1 represses Nrf2 function. When we ablated Keap1, Keap1-deficient mice died postnatally, probably from malnutrition resulting from hyperkeratosis in the esophagus and forestomach. Nrf2 activity affects the expression levels of several squamous epithelial genes. Biochemical data show that, without Keap1, Nrf2 constitutively accumulates in the nucleus to stimulate transcription of cytoprotective genes. Breeding to Nrf2-deficient mice reversed the phenotypic Keap1 deficiencies. These experiments show that Keap1 acts upstream of Nrf2 in the cellular response to oxidative and xenobiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobunao Wakabayashi
- Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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25
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Marulli GC, Campione E, Chimenti MS, Terrinoni A, Melino G, Bianchi L. Type I lamellar ichthyosis improved by tazarotene 0.1% gel. Clin Exp Dermatol 2003; 28:391-3. [PMID: 12823301 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of tazarotene 0.1% gel in a 30-year-old woman with type I lamellar ichthyosis is reported. The drug was applied to 15% of the total body surface area as follows: once daily for 2 weeks, three times a week for further 2 weeks, followed by a once weekly maintenance application. During the first week of treatment there was partial improvement obtained and in the next 14 days further reduction of scaling within the tazarotene-treated areas was observed. After 4 months of maintenance application, there was a marked overall improvement in the treated areas. Side-effects consisted only of mild pruritus, slight burning and irritation. In essence, the therapeutic benefit obtained was comparable with that of systemic retinoids but without the adverse systemic side-effects. As noted in other reports, tazarotene 0.1% gel seems to be a valuable and safe therapeutic option for this severe genodermatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Marulli
- Department of Dermatology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Abstract
The ichthyoses are a heterogeneous group of disorders with both inherited and acquired forms. Clinical presentation, pattern of inheritance, and laboratory evaluation may establish a precise diagnosis, which can assist in prognosis and genetic counseling. Congenital autosomal recessive ichthyosis (CARI) usually presents at birth, often as a collodion baby. CARI can progress into any one of a spectrum of disorders. Lamellar ichthyosis is characterized by dark, plate (armor)-like scale. This disease is often caused by mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme transglutaminase 1. Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma is another phenotype within CARI, marked by generalized redness and fine white scale. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hyperkeratosis and blistering, and at least six clinical phenotypes have been described. It may be due to mutations in the gene encoding the intermediate filament proteins keratin 1 and 10. Ichthyosis vulgaris is the most common ichthyosis, and is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Involvement is generally mild and may vary greatly with climate and humidity. X-linked ichthyosis, due to a defect in the enzyme steroid sulfatase, affects males with generalized scaling that usually begins soon after birth. There may be associated corneal opacities that do not affect vision. Sjögren-Larsson syndrome is an autosomal recessive ichthyosis associated with progressive spastic paralysis and mental retardation. This condition is caused by mutations in the gene for fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Refsum's disease, due to accumulation of phytanic acid, results in ichthyosis and progressive neurologic dysfunction. The erythrokeratodermas are characterized by hyperkeratosis and localized erythema. Erythrokeratodermia variabilis is autosomal dominant and characterized by generalized or localized hyperkeratosis and migratory red patches. Mutations in the genes encoding the gap junction proteins, connexins, underlie this disorder. Netherton's syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by ichthyosis, a hair shaft abnormality and atopy. The ichthyosis may present at birth with erythroderma or in some cases a collodion presentation. However, a frequent characteristic skin manifestation is ichthyosis linearis circumflexa. Netherton's syndrome has been found to be due to an abnormality in a serum protease inhibitor. Acquired ichthyosis can have a variety of underlying causes including neoplastic, infectious, drugs, endocrine, metabolic, autoimmune, malabsorptive states, and hereditary. Topical, and in more severe cases, systemic, therapy are useful in managing this array of disorders of cornification.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J DiGiovanna
- Division of Dermatopharmacology, Brown Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA.
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27
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Becker K, Csikós M, Sárdy M, Szalai ZS, Horváth A, Kárpáti S. Identification of two novel nonsense mutations in the transglutaminase 1 gene in a Hungarian patient with congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Exp Dermatol 2003; 12:324-9. [PMID: 12823447 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.120313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE) belongs together with lamellar ichthyosis (LI) to the group of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI). Mutations in the transglutaminase (TGase) 1 gene (TGM1) have been identified in several families with LI and in some families with CIE. We report a case of CIE with two new nonsense mutations: a C7780G transversion in exon 11 resulting in a premature stop codon at aminoacid residue Y503X and a C8533G transversion in exon 13 leading to a nonsense mutation at S669X. These mutations were also identified in a heterozygous pattern in the unaffected parents. These two termination-codons result in the translation of a truncated protein at the C-terminal end domain of the TGM 1 molecule. B.C1 monoclonal antibody failed to detect TGase 1 in the patient's skin sample, and TGase activity measured by monodansyl cadaverine-incorporation showed the reduced TGase activity at the distribution of TGase 1 in the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Becker
- Department of Dermatology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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28
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Akiyama M, Sawamura D, Shimizu H. The clinical spectrum of nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and lamellar ichthyosis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2003; 28:235-40. [PMID: 12780701 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01295.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Until about 20 years ago, the term lamellar ichthyosis (LI) represented all nonbullous autosomal recessive ichthyoses except for harlequin ichthyosis and ichthyosis syndromes. Since the 1980s, nonbullous autosomal recessive ichthyoses have been divided into two major clinical entities, nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE) and LI. The nature of scaling and intensity of erythroderma are important clinical features that distinguish between NBCIE and LI. However, a considerable number of cases show an intermediate phenotype between the two classic clinical features. Histologically, parakeratosis and inflammatory cell infiltration are seen more frequently in NBCIE than in LI and the stratum corneum is usually thicker in LI than in NBCIE. However, neither histopathological findings nor ultrastructural features seem to help clearly distinguish between NBCIE and LI. Mutations in any of the three known causative genes, TGM1, ALOXE3 or ALOX12B, can lead either to NBCIE or LI. Candidate genes specific to either NBCIE or LI alone have not been identified. Based on these facts, it might be better to consider NBCIE and LI as variations of a single keratinization disorder, although the classification of these autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis patients into NBCIE or LI depending on their clinical features is still useful for practical patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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29
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Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Suzuki Y, Shimizu H. A novel homozygous mutation 371delA in TGM1 leads to a classic lamellar ichthyosis phenotype. Br J Dermatol 2003; 148:149-53. [PMID: 12534611 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Malformation of the cornified cell envelope (CCE) arising from mutations of the transglutaminase (TGase) 1 gene (TGM1) is the cause of some cases of lamellar ichthyosis (LI). However, genotype/phenotype correlation in TGM1 mutations has not yet been fully clarified. We report a typical case of LI caused by a novel mutation in TGM1. The patient, a 33-year-old woman, showed thick, lamellar scales on the entire body surface. Immunofluorescence labelling with anti-TGase 1 antibodies was negative in the patient's epidermis. In situ TGase activity assay detected markedly reduced TGase activity in granular layers of the patient's epidermis. Electron microscopy revealed incomplete thickening of the CCE during keratinization in the epidermis. Sequencing of the entire exons and exon-intron borders of TGM1 revealed that the patient was a homozygote for a novel deletion mutation 371delA in exon 3. This mutation leads to a frameshift resulting in a premature termination codon 43 bp downstream from the mutation site. According to the protein modelling of TGase 1, the truncated protein from this mutated allele loses the entire catalytic core domain of TGase 1. Thus, the present homozygous mutation is expected to cause total loss of TGase 1 activity, resulting in large, dark, lamellar scales on the entire body, the classic phenotype of LI, in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Van Gysel D, Lijnen RLP, Moekti SS, de Laat PCJ, Oranje AP. Collodion baby: a follow-up study of 17 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002; 16:472-5. [PMID: 12428840 DOI: 10.1046/j.1468-3083.2002.00477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen cases of collodion baby are reported. Clinical aspects, complications, treatment, final outcome and family history were studied. We did not observe any clinical features in the collodion baby that could serve as a clue in predicting the final diagnosis. Infections were observed in nine, hypothermia in five and hypernatraemic dehydration in four cases. Skin infection mainly occurred in babies treated with emollients (petrolatum, lanolin and cetomacrogolis cream were used). We therefore recommend treating the collodion baby in a humidified incubator, if necessary with intravenous rehydration, but not to use emollients. The final outcome of these study patients was erythrodermic autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis in seven cases (41%), non-erythrodermic autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis in three cases (18%), Sjögren-Larsson in one case (6%), epidermolytic hyperkeratosis in one case (6%), acute neonatal variant of Gaucher disease in one case (6%) and normal skin in four cases (24%).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Van Gysel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Baala L, Hadj-Rabia S, Hamel-Teillac D, Hadchouel M, Prost C, Leal SM, Jacquemin E, Sefiani A, de Prost Y, Courtois G, Munnich A, Lyonnet S, Vabres P. Homozygosity mapping of a locus for a novel syndromic ichthyosis to chromosome 3q27-q28. J Invest Dermatol 2002; 119:70-6. [PMID: 12164927 PMCID: PMC6173186 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of skin disorders characterized by abnormal epidermal scaling. Occasionally, extracutaneous features are associated. A novel autosomal recessive ichthyosis syndrome is described here with scalp hypotrichosis, scarring alopecia, sclerosing cholangitis, and leukocyte vacuolization in two inbred kindreds of Moroccan origin. We also report the mapping of the diseased gene to a 21.2 cM interval of chromosome 3q27-q28. Homo zygosity for polymorphic markers has enabled us to reduce the genetic interval to a 16.2 cM region. Furthermore, comparison of mutant chromosomes in the two families has suggested a common ancestral mutant haplotype. This linkage disequilibrium has reduced the genetic interval encompassing the diseased gene to less than 9.5 cM maximum. Further study of additional families from the same geographic area will hopefully reduce the genetic interval as well as help in the cloning of the gene involved in this rare disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekbir Baala
- Département de Génétique et Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l’Enfant INSERM U-393, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Département de Génétique et Biologie moléculaire, INH Rabat et Faculté des Sciences Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Smaïl Hadj-Rabia
- Département de Génétique et Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l’Enfant INSERM U-393, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades Paris, France
| | | | - Michelle Hadchouel
- Service d’Hépatologie Infantile et Unité INSERM U-347 Hôpital Kremlin Bicétre, Bicétre, France
| | - Catherine Prost
- Laboratoire d’Histologie et de Thérapie Génique. UFR SBMH, Bobigny France
| | - Suzanne M. Leal
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Emmanuel Jacquemin
- Service d’Hépatologie Infantile et Unité INSERM U-347 Hôpital Kremlin Bicétre, Bicétre, France
| | - Abdelaziz Sefiani
- Département de Génétique et Biologie moléculaire, INH Rabat et Faculté des Sciences Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Yves de Prost
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades Paris, France
| | - Gilles Courtois
- Unite de Biologie Moleculaire de l’Expression Genique, URA CNRS 1773, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- Département de Génétique et Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l’Enfant INSERM U-393, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Département de Génétique et Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l’Enfant INSERM U-393, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Vabres
- Département de Génétique et Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l’Enfant INSERM U-393, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades Paris, France
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Wride MA, Mansergh FC, Somani JM, Winkfein RJ, Rancourt DE. Characterization and in silico mapping of a novel murine zinc finger transcription factor. Gene 2002; 289:49-59. [PMID: 12036583 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(02)00473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors play important roles in development and homeostasis. We have completed an embryonic stem cell-based neural differentiation screen, which was carried out with a view to isolating early regulators of neurogenesis. Fifty eight of the expressed sequence tags isolated from this screen represent known transcription factors or sequences containing transcription factor motifs. We have determined the full-length sequence of a novel mouse zinc finger-containing gene (ZFEND; also known as Mus musculus zinc finger protein 358 (Zfp358)) that was identified from this screen. ZFEND has 87% nucleotide and 86% amino acid identity to a previously identified human cDNA, FLJ10390, which is moderately similar to zinc finger protein 135. Northern blotting and RPAs demonstrate highest expression of ZFEND during mid-late mouse embryogenesis. Expression is also observed in several adult tissues with highest expression in heart, brain, and liver. Whole-mount in situ hybridization studies reveal apparent ubiquitous expression of ZFEND during mid-gestation stages (embryonic days 11.5, 12.5), while sections of whole-mount embryos reveal much higher expression levels in the neural folds during neural tube closure and at the boundary between the forelimb buds and the body wall. Bioinformatic analysis maps ZFEND to mouse chromosome 8pter, while FLJ10390 resides on 19p13.3-p13.2, a gene-rich region to which a number of disorders have been mapped. More precise mapping indicates that the involvement of FLJ10390 in atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, familial febrile convulsions 2, and psoriasis susceptibility cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Wride
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
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Kuramoto N, Takizawa T, Takizawa T, Matsuki M, Morioka H, Robinson JM, Yamanishi K. Development of ichthyosiform skin compensates for defective permeability barrier function in mice lacking transglutaminase 1. J Clin Invest 2002. [DOI: 10.1172/jci0213563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kuramoto N, Takizawa T, Takizawa T, Matsuki M, Morioka H, Robinson JM, Yamanishi K. Development of ichthyosiform skin compensates for defective permeability barrier function in mice lacking transglutaminase 1. J Clin Invest 2002; 109:243-50. [PMID: 11805136 PMCID: PMC150837 DOI: 10.1172/jci13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 1 (TGase 1) is one of the genes implicated in autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Skin from TGase 1(-/-) mice, which die as neonates, lacks the normal insoluble cornified envelope and has impaired barrier function. Characterization of in situ dye permeability and transepidermal water loss revealed defects in the development of the skin permeability barrier in TGase 1(-/-) mice. In the stratum corneum of the skin, tongue, and forestomach, intercellular lipid lamellae were disorganized, and the corneocyte lipid envelope and cornified envelope were lacking. Neonatal TGase 1(-/-) mouse skin was taut and erythrodermic, but transplanted TGase 1(-/-) mouse skin resembled that seen in severe ichthyosis, with epidermal hyperplasia and marked hyperkeratosis. Abnormalities in those barrier structures remained, but transepidermal water loss was improved to control levels in the ichthyosiform skin. From these results, we conclude that TGase 1 is essential to the assembly and organization of the barrier structures in stratified squamous epithelia. We suggest that the ichthyosiform skin phenotype in TGase 1 deficiency develops the massive hyperkeratosis as a physical compensation for the defective cutaneous permeability barrier required for survival in a terrestrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Kuramoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
A population of about 5 million at the northern corner of Europe is unlikely to arouse the attention of the human genetics community, unless it offers something useful for others to learn. A combination of coincidences has finally made this population one that, out of proportion for its size, has by example shaped research in human disease genetics. This chapter summarizes advances made in medical genetics that are based on research facilitated by Finland's population structure. The annotation of the human genome for its polymorphism and involvement in disease is not over; it is, therefore, of interest to assess whether genetic studies in populations such as the Finnish might help in the remaining tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kere
- Finnish Genome Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
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Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Vignon-Pennamen MD, Blanchet-Bardon C. Bullous and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma associated with generalized pustular psoriasis of von Zumbusch type. Br J Dermatol 2001; 145:823-5. [PMID: 11736910 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (BIE) and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBIE) are rare congenital ichthyoses. Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) of von Zumbusch type is a rare and severe form of psoriasis marked by desquamative and pustular erythroderma associated with fever and altered general conditions. We report two adults with an ichthyosis typical of BIE in the first case and NBIE in the second, without any previous history of psoriasis, who presented with a severe and relapsing GPP of von Zumbusch type. Using current knowledge of the genetic relationship between psoriasis and congenital ichthyoses, we discuss the possibility of a common physiopathological link between congenital ichthyoses and GPP, and examine the possible therapeutic problems resulting from this pathological association, especially in BIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ingen-Housz-Oro
- Department of Dermatology, Unit of Dermatopathology, Saint-Louis Hospital, 1 avenue C.Vellefaux, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France.
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Krebsová A, Küster W, Lestringant GG, Schulze B, Hinz B, Frossard PM, Reis A, Hennies HC. Identification, by homozygosity mapping, of a novel locus for autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis on chromosome 17p, and evidence for further genetic heterogeneity. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69:216-22. [PMID: 11398099 PMCID: PMC1226037 DOI: 10.1086/321284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2001] [Accepted: 05/14/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) comprises a group of severe disorders of keratinization, characterized by variable erythema and skin scaling. It is known for its high degree of genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Mutations in the gene for keratinocyte transglutaminase (TGM1) on chromosome 14q11 were shown in patients with ARCI, and a second locus was described, on chromosome 2q, in families from northern Africa. Three other loci for ARCI, on chromosomes 3p and 19p, were identified recently. We have embarked on a whole-genome scan for further loci for ARCI in four families from Germany, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. A novel ARCI locus was identified on chromosome 17p, between the markers at D17S938 and D17S1856, with a maximum LOD score of 3.38, at maximum recombination fraction 0.00, at D17S945, under heterogeneity. This locus is linked to the disease in the Turkish family and in the German family. Extensive genealogical studies revealed that the parents of the German patients with ARCI were eighth cousins. By homozygosity mapping, the localization of the gene could then be refined to the 8.4-cM interval between D17S938 and D17S1879. It could be shown, however, that ARCI in the two Arab families is linked neither to the new locus on chromosome 17p nor to one of the five loci known previously. Our findings give evidence of further genetic heterogeneity that is not linked to distinctive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Krebsová
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Küster
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Gilles G. Lestringant
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Bernt Schulze
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Britta Hinz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Philippe M. Frossard
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Hennies
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, and Institute of Human Genetics, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin; TOMESA Clinics, Bad Salzschlirf, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Tawam Hospital, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Praxis für Humangenetik, Hannover, Germany; and Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
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Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Suzuki Y, Ishiko A, Matsuo I, Shimizu H. Compound heterozygous TGM1 mutations including a novel missense mutation L204Q in a mild form of lamellar ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 116:992-5. [PMID: 11407995 DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Acierno JS, Kennedy JC, Falardeau JL, Leyne M, Bromley MC, Colman MW, Sun M, Bove C, Ashworth LK, Chadwick LH, Schiripo T, Ma S, Goldin E, Schiffmann R, Slaugenhaupt SA. A physical and transcript map of the MCOLN1 gene region on human chromosome 19p13.3-p13.2. Genomics 2001; 73:203-10. [PMID: 11318610 DOI: 10.1006/geno.2001.6526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in MCOLN1 have been found to cause mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV; MIM 252650), a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder found primarily in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. As a part of the successful cloning of MCOLN1, we constructed a 1.4-Mb physical map containing 14 BACs and 4 cosmids that encompasses the region surrounding MCOLN1 on human chromosome 19p13.3-p13.2-a region to which linkage or association has been reported for multiple diseases. Here we detail the precise physical mapping of 28 expressed sequence tags that represent unique UniGene clusters, of which 15 are known genes. We present a detailed transcript map of the MCOLN1 gene region that includes the genes KIAA0521, neuropathy target esterase (NTE), a novel zinc finger gene, and two novel transcripts in addition to MCOLN1. We also report the identification of eight new polymorphic markers between D19S406 and D19S912, which allowed us to pinpoint the location of MCOLN1 by haplotype analysis and which will facilitate future fine-mapping in this region. Additionally, we briefly describe the correlation between the observed haplotypes and the mutations found in MCOLN1. The complete 14-marker haplotypes of non-Jewish disease chromosomes, which are crucial for the genetic diagnosis of MLIV in the non-Jewish population, are presented here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Acierno
- Harvard Institute of Human Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Cserhalmi-Friedman PB, Milstone LM, Christiano AM. Diagnosis of autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis with mutations in the TGM1 gene. Br J Dermatol 2001; 144:726-30. [PMID: 11298529 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis (ARLI) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. In many cases, mutations in the transglutaminase 1 gene (TGM1) have been identified, however, other clinically indistinguishable cases have been linked to chromosomes 2, 3 and 19. Previous studies have failed to establish any correlation between clinical characteristics and genetic mutations. OBJECTIVES To investigate the molecular basis of ARLI in 10 patients with the typical clinical presentation of the disorder. METHODS We performed polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing-based mutation screening in all of these patients, and TGM1 immunofluorescence microscopy and in vitro enzyme activity assays in selected patients. RESULTS Mutation screening revealed 14 mutations, four of which have been previously described. While immunofluorescence microscopy was negative in patients with non-sense mutations or out-of-frame insertions or deletions, the results were variable in cases with mis-sense mutations and in cases with no mutations in the TGM1 gene. In vitro enzyme activity assays gave results consistent with the mutation data. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the importance of mutation screening in the evaluation of ARLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Cserhalmi-Friedman
- Departments of Dermatology and Genetics and Development, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, 630 W 168th Street VC-1526, New York, NY 10032, USA
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