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Rahman MA, Cai C, Bo N, McNamara DM, Ding Y, Cooper GF, Lu X, Liu J. An individualized Bayesian method for estimating genomic variants of hypertension. BMC Genomics 2023; 23:863. [PMID: 37936055 PMCID: PMC10631115 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic variants of the disease are often discovered nowadays through population-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Identifying genomic variations potentially underlying a phenotype, such as hypertension, in an individual is important for designing personalized treatment; however, population-level models, such as GWAS, may not capture all the important, individualized factors well. In addition, GWAS typically requires a large sample size to detect the association of low-frequency genomic variants with sufficient power. Here, we report an individualized Bayesian inference (IBI) algorithm for estimating the genomic variants that influence complex traits, such as hypertension, at the level of an individual (e.g., a patient). By modeling at the level of the individual, IBI seeks to find genomic variants observed in the individual's genome that provide a strong explanation of the phenotype observed in this individual. RESULTS We applied the IBI algorithm to the data from the Framingham Heart Study to explore the genomic influences of hypertension. Among the top-ranking variants identified by IBI and GWAS, there is a significant number of shared variants (intersection); the unique variants identified only by IBI tend to have relatively lower minor allele frequency than those identified by GWAS. In addition, IBI discovered more individualized and diverse variants that explain hypertension patients better than GWAS. Furthermore, IBI found several well-known low-frequency variants as well as genes related to blood pressure that GWAS missed in the same cohort. Finally, IBI identified top-ranked variants that predicted hypertension better than GWAS, according to the area under the ROC curve. CONCLUSIONS The results support IBI as a promising approach for complementing GWAS, especially in detecting low-frequency genomic variants as well as learning personalized genomic variants of clinical traits and disease, such as the complex trait of hypertension, to help advance precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Asad Rahman
- Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - Chunhui Cai
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Na Bo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dennis M McNamara
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gregory F Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jinling Liu
- Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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A PHLDB1 variant associated with the nonfunctional pituitary adenoma. J Neurooncol 2019; 142:223-229. [PMID: 30868356 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have revealed that PHLDB1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with glioma risk. Nonetheless, the association between PHLDB1 SNPs and the risk of pituitary adenoma has not been studied. The present study evaluated the association of PHLDB1 SNPs with the risk of pituitary adenomas. METHODS We genotyped 27 PHLDB1 tagging and exon SNPs in a case-control study that included 148 patients who got a diagnosis of nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and 375 normal controls within the Korean population. Statistical analyses of the association between PHLDB1 SNPs and the NFPA risk were conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS We detected an association between a PHLDB1 SNP and the risk of NFPA in the Korean population. Rs67307131 in intron 2 was significantly associated with NFPA (odds ratio [OR] = 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44-3.20; P = 0.0002 in the dominant model). In the referent analysis, a higher OR and stronger association (lower P value) were observed among patients with the "C/T" genotype (OR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.60-3.58; P = 0.00002). In a functional analysis with a SNP annotation tool, this SNP was predicted to be a CpG site and copy number variant; these properties are associated with susceptibility to diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that genetic variation of PHLDB1 may be associated with the risk of NFPA. This is the first report of an association between PHLDB1 variants and NFPA. Further research is needed to confirm the impact of this SNP on NFPA susceptibility.
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He KY, Wang H, Cade BE, Nandakumar P, Giri A, Ware EB, Haessler J, Liang J, Smith JA, Franceschini N, Le TH, Kooperberg C, Edwards TL, Kardia SLR, Lin X, Chakravarti A, Redline S, Zhu X. Rare variants in fox-1 homolog A (RBFOX1) are associated with lower blood pressure. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006678. [PMID: 28346479 PMCID: PMC5386302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified common blood pressure (BP) variants. However, most of the identified BP variants do not overlap with the linkage evidence observed from family studies. We thus hypothesize that multiple rare variants contribute to the observed linkage evidence. We performed linkage analysis using 517 individuals in 130 European families from the Cleveland Family Study (CFS) who have been genotyped on the Illumina OmniExpress Exome array. The largest linkage peak was observed on chromosome 16p13 (MLOD = 2.81) for systolic blood pressure (SBP). Follow-up conditional linkage and association analyses in the linkage region identified multiple rare, coding variants in RBFOX1 associated with reduced SBP. In a 17-member CFS family, carriers of the missense variant rs149974858 are normotensive despite being obese (average BMI = 60 kg/m2). Gene-based association test of rare variants using SKAT-O showed significant association with SBP (p-value = 0.00403) and DBP (p-value = 0.0258) in the CFS participants and the association was replicated in large independent replication studies (N = 57,234, p-value = 0.013 for SBP, 0.0023 for PP). RBFOX1 is expressed in brain tissues, the atrial appendage and left ventricle in the heart, and in skeletal muscle tissues, organs/tissues which are potentially related to blood pressure. Our study showed that associations of rare variants could be efficiently detected using family information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y. He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Priyanka Nandakumar
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Erin B. Ware
- Biosocial Methods Collaborative, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Thu H. Le
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Todd L. Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fernández-Rhodes L, Hodonsky CJ, Graff M, Love SAM, Howard AG, Seyerle AA, Avery CL, Chittoor G, Franceschini N, Voruganti VS, Young K, O’Connell JR, North KE, Justice AE. Comparison of 2 models for gene-environment interactions: an example of simulated gene-medication interactions on systolic blood pressure in family-based data. BMC Proc 2016; 10:371-377. [PMID: 27980664 PMCID: PMC5133512 DOI: 10.1186/s12919-016-0058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly half of adults in the United States who are diagnosed with hypertension use blood-pressure-lowering medications. Yet there is a large interindividual variability in the response to these medications. Two complementary gene-environment interaction methods have been published and incorporated into publicly available software packages to examine interaction effects, including whether genetic variants modify the association between medication use and blood pressure. The first approach uses a gene-environment interaction term to measure the change in outcome when both the genetic marker and medication are present (the "interaction model"). The second approach tests for effect-size differences between strata of an environmental exposure (the "med-diff" approach). However, no studies have quantitatively compared how these methods perform with respect to 1 or 2 degree of freedom (DF) tests or in family-based data sets. We evaluated these 2 approaches using simulated genotype-medication response interactions at 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across a range of minor allele frequencies (MAFs 0.1-5.4 %) using the Genetic Analysis Workshop 19 family sample. RESULTS The estimated interaction effect sizes were on average larger in the interaction model approach compared to the med-diff approach. The true positive proportion was higher for the med-diff approach for SNPs less than 1 % MAF, but higher for the interaction model when common variants were evaluated (MAF >5 %). The interaction model produced lower false-positive proportions than expected (5 %) across a range of MAFs for both the 1DF and 2DF tests. In contrast, the med-diff approach produced higher but stable false-positive proportions around 5 % across MAFs for both tests. CONCLUSIONS Although the 1DF tests both performed similarly for common variants, the interaction model estimated true interaction effects with less bias and higher true positive proportions than the med-diff approach. However, if rare variation (MAF <5 %) is of interest, our findings suggest that when convergence is achieved, the med-diff approach may estimate true interaction effects more conservatively and with less variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Chani J. Hodonsky
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Shelly-Ann M. Love
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Annie Green Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Amanda A. Seyerle
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Christy L. Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Geetha Chittoor
- Department of Nutrition, and UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - V. Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition, and UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA
| | - Kristin Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | | | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA
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Abstract
BLID (BH3-like motif containing, cell death inducer), also known as breast cancer cell 2 (BRCC2), was first reported in the human breast cancer cell line in 2004. BLID is a BH3-like motif containing apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. Recently, the BLID tumor-suppressor roles have been fully established. Several studies have found that BLID is frequently downregulated in many human cancers and the downregulation is often associated with tumor progression. Multivariate analysis indicated that BLID is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Moreover, BLID can inhibit breast cancer cell growth and metastasis and promote apoptosis. BLID can regulate the expression of various tumor-related genes and proteins, such as AKT and MMP. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge concerning the role of BLID in tumor development and progression. To our knowledge, this is the first review about the role of this novel tumor-suppressor gene in tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yang B, Heng L, Du S, Yang H, Jin T, Lang H, Li S. Association between RTEL1, PHLDB1, and TREH Polymorphisms and Glioblastoma Risk: A Case-Control Study. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1983-8. [PMID: 26156397 PMCID: PMC4507820 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive, aggressive, and incurable brain tumor. Genetic factors play important roles in GBM risk. The aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of gene polymorphism on GBM susceptibility. Material/Methods In this case-control study, we included 72 GBM patients and 320 healthy controls to analyze the association between 29 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and GBM cancer risk in the Chinese Han population. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms were determined by Sequenom MassARRAY RS1000 and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and SNPStats software. Results Using the χ2 test, we found that rs2297440 and rs6010620 in RTEL1 increased risk of GBM. In the recessive model, we also found that the genotypes “CC” of rs2297440 and “GG” of rs6010620 in RTEL1 significantly increased GBM risk. The variant TT genotype of TREH rs17748 and the variant TT genotype of PHLDB1 rs498872 decreased GBM risk in the recessive model. We also found that the TREH rs17748 variant C allele showed an increased risk in males in the dominant model. Conclusions Our results suggest a significant association between the RETL1, TREH, and PHLDB1 genes and GBM development in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Outpatient, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Liang Heng
- Department of Medical, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shuli Du
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Tianbo Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Hongjun Lang
- Department of Nursing, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shanqu Li
- Department of Outpatient, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
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Assessment of glioma risk associated with an inherited variant at chromosome 11q23. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 71:69-75. [PMID: 25182002 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It is still unclear whether or not rs498872 at 11q23.3 increases the risk of developing glioma, because the previous literature has reported mixed findings. We carried out a meta-analysis with an aim to test the hypothesis that rs498872 contributes to the development of glioma. Eligible studies were identified through databases including the Chinese biomedical literature database, China national knowledge infrastructure, Science Direct, Embase and PubMed. The risk of glioma (OR and 95% CI) was evaluated with the fixed-effects model or the random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias tests were performed to check the reliability of our findings. Ten independent populations representing three ethnicities were analyzed in this study. We found 1.17-1.34-fold increased risk of glioma associated with rs498872 genotypes (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.22-1.46; OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.14-1.35; OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.10-1.31; OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.27). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, we also observed a significant increase in the risk of glioma in both Americans and Europeans. The results of our study support that the rs498872 polymorphism at 11q23.3 locus may be an important risk factor for glioma risk.
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Gao X, Mi Y, Yan A, Sha B, Guo N, Hu Z, Zhang N, Jiang F, Gou X. The PHLDB1 rs498872 (11q23.3) polymorphism and glioma risk: A meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2014; 11:e13-21. [PMID: 24935770 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The association between the rs498872 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and glioma risk has been studied, but these studies have yielded conflicting results. In order to explore this association, we performed a meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE database, with the last search up to August 23, 2013. Six articles including 10 case-control studies in English with 18 002 controls and 8434 cases were eligible for the meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted by source of controls and ethnicity. The combined results showed that rs498872 polymorphism was significantly associated with glioma risks (TT vs CC: OR = 1.337, 95% CI = 1.222-1.462; TC vs CC: OR = 1.173, 95% CI = 1.081-1.272; dominant model: OR = 1.199, 95% CI = 1.101-1.306; recessive model: OR = 1.237, 95% CI = 1.135-1.347; additive model: OR = 1.156, 95% CI = 1.085-1.232). Moreover, there was increased cancer risk in all genetic models after stratification of the SNP data by the source of controls and ethnicity, and no evidence of publication bias was produced. Our meta-analysis suggested that rs498872 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of glioma. However, additional studies exploring the combined effects of rs498872 polymorphisms in Asian population should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchun Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajing Mi
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aili Yan
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoyong Sha
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhifang Hu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fengliang Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Büsst CJ. Blood pressure regulation via the epithelial sodium channel: from gene to kidney and beyond. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 40:495-503. [PMID: 23710770 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) has long been recognized as playing a vital role in blood pressure (BP) regulation due to its involvement in fluid balance. The genes encoding the three ENaC subunits are likewise important contributors to hypertension, both in rare monogenic diseases and in the general population. The unusually high numbers of genetic variants associated with complex traits, including BP, that are located in non-coding areas suggest an involvement of these variants in regulatory functions. This may involve differential regulation of expression in different tissues. Emerging evidence indicates that the ENaC plays an important role in BP determination not only via its actions in the kidney, but also in other tissues commonly involved in BP regulation. The ENaC in the central nervous system is proposed to regulate BP via sympathetic nervous system activity. Recent evidence suggests that the ENaC contributes to vascular function and the myogenic response. Additional roles potentially include initiation of the baroreceptor reflex via ENaC in the baroreceptors and driving high salt intake with a 'taste for salt' via ENaC in the tongue. The present review describes the involvement of the ENaC in the determination of BP at a genetic and physiological level, detailing recent evidence for its role in the kidney and in other pertinent tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara J Büsst
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Melbourne and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
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Kulkarni H, Meikle PJ, Mamtani M, Weir JM, Barlow CK, Jowett JB, Bellis C, Dyer TD, Johnson MP, Rainwater DL, Almasy L, Mahaney MC, Comuzzie AG, Blangero J, Curran JE. Plasma lipidomic profile signature of hypertension in Mexican American families: specific role of diacylglycerols. Hypertension 2013; 62:621-6. [PMID: 23798346 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.01396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Both as a component of metabolic syndrome and as an independent entity, hypertension poses a continued challenge with regard to its diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. Previous studies have documented connections between hypertension and indicators of lipid metabolism. Novel technologies, such as plasma lipidomic profiling, promise a better understanding of disorders in which there is a derangement of the lipid metabolism. However, association of plasma lipidomic profiles with hypertension in a high-risk population, such as Mexican Americans, has not been evaluated before. Using the rich data and sample resource from the ongoing San Antonio Family Heart Study, we conducted plasma lipidomic profiling by combining high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy to characterize 319 lipid species in 1192 individuals from 42 large and extended Mexican American families. Robust statistical analyses using polygenic regression models, liability threshold models, and bivariate trait analyses implemented in the SOLAR software were conducted after accounting for obesity, insulin resistance, and relative abundance of various lipoprotein fractions. Diacylglycerols, in general, and the DG 16:0/22:5 and DG 16:0/22:6 lipid species, in particular, were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), as well as liability of incident hypertension measured during 7140.17 person-years of follow-up. Four lipid species, including the DG 16:0/22:5 and DG 16:0/22:6 species, showed significant genetic correlations with the liability of hypertension in bivariate trait analyses. Our results demonstrate the value of plasma lipidomic profiling in the context of hypertension and identify disturbance of diacylglycerol metabolism as an independent biomarker of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kulkarni
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA.
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Kochunov P, Glahn DC, Hong LE, Lancaster J, Curran JE, Johnson MP, Winkler AM, Holcomb HH, Kent JW, Mitchell B, Kochunov V, Olvera RL, Cole SA, Dyer TD, Moses EK, Goring H, Almasy L, Duggirala R, Blangero J. P-selectin Expression Tracks Cerebral Atrophy in Mexican-Americans. Front Genet 2012; 3:65. [PMID: 22558002 PMCID: PMC3340599 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: We hypothesized that the P-selectin (SELP) gene, localized to a region on chromosome 1q24, pleiotropically contributes to increased blood pressure and cerebral atrophy. We tested this hypothesis by performing genetic correlation analyses for 13 mRNA gene expression measures from P-selectin and 11 other genes located in 1q24 region and three magnetic resonance imaging derived indices of cerebral integrity. Methods: The subject pool consisted of 369 (219F; aged 28–85, average = 47.1 ± 12.7 years) normally aging, community-dwelling members of large extended Mexican-American families. Genetic correlation analysis decomposed phenotypic correlation coefficients into genetic and environmental components among 13 leukocyte-based mRNA gene expressions and three whole-brain and regional measurements of cerebral integrity: cortical gray matter thickness, fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter, and the volume of hyperintensive WM lesions. Results: From the 13 gene expressions, significant phenotypic correlations were only found for the P- and L-selectin expression levels. Increases in P-selectin expression levels tracked with decline in cerebral integrity while the opposite trend was observed for L-selectin expression. The correlations for the P-selectin expression were driven by shared genetic factors, while the correlations with L-selectin expression were due to shared environmental effects. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that P-selectin expression shared a significant variance with measurements of cerebral integrity and posits elevated P-selectin expression levels as a potential risk factor of hypertension-related cerebral atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kochunov
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Between candidate genes and whole genomes: time for alternative approaches in blood pressure genetics. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14:46-61. [PMID: 22161147 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-011-0241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure has a significant genetic component, but less than 3% of the observed variance has been attributed to genetic variants identified to date. Candidate gene studies of rare, monogenic hypertensive syndromes have conclusively implicated several genes altering renal sodium balance, and studies of essential hypertension have inconsistently implicated over 50 genes in pathways affecting renal sodium balance and other functions. Genome-wide linkage scans have replicated numerous quantitative trait loci throughout the genome, and over 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been replicated in multiple genome-wide association studies. These studies provide considerable evidence that epistasis and other interactions play a role in the genetic architecture of blood pressure regulation, but candidate gene studies have limited scope to test for epistasis, and genome-wide studies have low power for both main effects and interactions. This review summarizes the genetic findings to date for blood pressure, and it proposes focused, pathway-based approaches involving epistasis, gene-environment interactions, and next-generation sequencing to further the genetic dissection of blood pressure and hypertension.
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Chen H, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Fan W, Zhou K, Liu Y, Zhou L, Mao Y, Wei Q, Xu J, Lu D. Association of sequence variants on chromosomes 20, 11, and 5 (20q13.33, 11q23.3, and 5p15.33) with glioma susceptibility in a Chinese population. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 173:915-22. [PMID: 21350045 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two genome-wide association studies of glioma in European populations identified 14 genetic variants strongly associated with risk of glioma, but it is unknown whether these variants are associated with glioma risk in Asian populations. The authors genotyped these 14 variants in 976 glioma patients and 1,057 control subjects to evaluate their associations with risk of glioma, particularly high-grade glioma (glioblastoma; n = 312), in a Chinese population (2004-2009). Overall, the authors identified 3 susceptibility loci for glioma risk at 20q13.33 (RTEL1 rs6010620 (P = 2.79 × 10(-6))), 11q23.3 (PHLDB1 rs498872 (P = 3.8 × 10(-6))), and 5p15.33 (TERT rs2736100 (P = 3.69 × 10(-4))) in this study population; these loci were also associated with glioblastoma risk (20q13.33: RTEL1 rs6010620 (P = 3.57 × 10(-7)); 11q23.3: PHLDB1 rs498872 (P = 7.24 × 10(-3)); 5p15.33: TERT rs2736100 and TERT rs2736098 (P = 1.21 × 10(-4) and P = 2.84 × 10(-4), respectively)). This study provides further evidence for 3 glioma susceptibility regions at 20q13.33, 11q23.3, and 5p15.33 in Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan-VARI Genetic Epidemiology Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai200433, China
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14
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Melton PE, Haack K, Göring HH, Laston S, Umans JG, Lee ET, Fabsitz RR, Devereux RB, Best LG, Maccluer JW, Almasy L, Cole SA. Genetic influences on serum bilirubin in American Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study. Am J Hum Biol 2011; 23:118-25. [PMID: 21080475 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.21114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify genetic variation influencing serum bilirubin levels in American Indians, we performed genome-wide screening and association analyses in the Strong Heart Family Study. Bilirubin is an endogenous antioxidant that has demonstrated an inverse relationship with cardiovascular disease. Genetic variation within the promoter region of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) on chromosome 2q has been associated with elevated serum bilirubin levels in European populations. However, no study has investigated the UGT1A1 promoter in American Indians. METHODS Statistical analyses were carried out with 3,484 participants aged 14 to 93 years recruited from three geographic areas in the United States; Arizona, Oklahoma, and North and South Dakota. RESULTS Variance components linkage analysis detected a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for bilirubin on chromosome 2q in the combined centers (LOD = 6.61, P = 4.24 × 10⁻⁶) and in Oklahoma (LOD = 5.65, P = 4.57 24 × 10⁻⁵). Genetic association of the UGT1A1 promoter polymorphism was significant for all geographic locations. After adjustment using conditional linkage for UGT1A1 promoter variance, the linkage signal dropped to 1.10 in the combined sample and to 3.32 (P = 0.02) in Oklahoma, indicating this polymorphism is not completely responsible for the linkage signal in American Indians. We also detected suggestive linkage signals in the Dakotas on chromosome 10p12 (LOD = 2.18) and in the combined centers (LOD = 2.24) on chromosome 10q21. CONCLUSIONS Replication of a serum bilirubin QTL on chromosome 2q in American Indians implicates UGT1A1 but further genotyping is warranted to identify additional causative polymorphisms. Evidence also supports a potential novel locus for bilirubin on chromosome 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip E Melton
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78245, USA.
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15
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Five blood pressure loci identified by an updated genome-wide linkage scan: meta-analysis of the Family Blood Pressure Program. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24:347-54. [PMID: 21151011 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2010.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A preliminary genome-wide linkage analysis of blood pressure in the Family Blood Pressure Program (FBPP) was reported previously. We harnessed the power and ethnic diversity of the final pooled FBPP dataset to identify novel loci for blood pressure thereby enhancing localization of genes containing less common variants with large effects on blood pressure levels and hypertension. METHODS We performed one overall and 4 race-specific meta-analyses of genome-wide blood pressure linkage scans using data on 4,226 African-American, 2,154 Asian, 4,229 Caucasian, and 2,435 Mexican-American participants (total N = 13,044). Variance components models were fit to measured (raw) blood pressure levels and two types of antihypertensive medication adjusted blood pressure phenotypes within each of 10 subgroups defined by race and network. A modified Fisher's method was used to combine the P values for each linkage marker across the 10 subgroups. RESULTS Five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected on chromosomes 6p22.3, 8q23.1, 20q13.12, 21q21.1, and 21q21.3 based on significant linkage evidence (defined by logarithm of odds (lod) score ≥3) in at least one meta-analysis and lod scores ≥1 in at least 2 subgroups defined by network and race. The chromosome 8q23.1 locus was supported by Asian-, Caucasian-, and Mexican-American-specific meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS The new QTLs reported justify new candidate gene studies. They may help support results from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that fall in these QTL regions but fail to achieve the genome-wide significance.
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Puppala S, Coletta DK, Schneider J, Hu SL, Farook VS, Dyer TD, Arya R, Blangero J, Duggirala R, DeFronzo RA, Jenkinson CP. Genome-Wide Linkage Screen for Systolic Blood Pressure in the Veterans Administration Genetic Epidemiology Study (VAGES) of Mexican-Americans and Confirmation of a Major Susceptibility Locus on Chromosome 6q14.1. Hum Hered 2011; 71:1-10. [DOI: 10.1159/000323143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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17
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Kochunov P, Glahn DC, Lancaster J, Winkler A, Karlsgodt K, Olvera RL, Curran JE, Carless MA, Dyer TD, Almasy L, Duggirala R, Fox PT, Blangero J. Blood pressure and cerebral white matter share common genetic factors in Mexican Americans. Hypertension 2010; 57:330-5. [PMID: 21135356 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.162206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Elevated arterial pulse pressure and blood pressure (BP) can lead to atrophy of cerebral white matter (WM), potentially attributable to shared genetic factors. We calculated the magnitude of shared genetic variance between BP and fractional anisotropy of water diffusion, a sensitive measurement of WM integrity in a well-characterized population of Mexican Americans. The patterns of whole-brain and regional genetic overlap between BP and fractional anisotropy were interpreted in the context the pulse-wave encephalopathy theory. We also tested whether regional pattern in genetic pleiotropy is modulated by the phylogeny of WM development. BP and high-resolution (1.7 × 1.7 × 3 mm; 55 directions) diffusion tensor imaging data were analyzed for 332 (202 females; mean age 47.9 ± 13.3 years) members of the San Antonio Family Heart Study. Bivariate genetic correlation analysis was used to calculate the genetic overlap between several BP measurements (pulse pressure, systolic BP, and diastolic BP) and fractional anisotropy (whole-brain and regional values). Intersubject variance in pulse pressure and systolic BP exhibited a significant genetic overlap with variance in whole-brain fractional anisotropy values, sharing 36% and 22% of genetic variance, respectively. Regionally, shared genetic variance was significantly influenced by rates of WM development (r=-0.75; P=0.01). The pattern of genetic overlap between BP and WM integrity was generally in agreement with the pulse-wave encephalopathy theory. Our study provides evidence that a set of pleiotropically acting genetic factors jointly influence phenotypic variation in BP and WM integrity. The magnitude of this overlap appears to be influenced by phylogeny of WM development, suggesting a possible role for genotype-by-age interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kochunov
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Research Imaging Institute, San Antonio, TX 78284, USA.
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18
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Kochunov P, Glahn D, Lancaster J, Winkler A, Kent JW, Olvera RL, Cole SA, Dyer TD, Almasy L, Duggirala R, Fox PT, Blangero J. Whole brain and regional hyperintense white matter volume and blood pressure: overlap of genetic loci produced by bivariate, whole-genome linkage analyses. Stroke 2010; 41:2137-42. [PMID: 20724716 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.590943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The volume of T2-hyperintense white matter (HWM) is an important neuroimaging marker of cerebral integrity with a demonstrated high heritability. Pathophysiology studies have shown that the regional, ependymal, and subcortical HWM lesions are associated with elevated arterial pulse pressure and arterial blood pressure (BP), respectively. We performed bivariate, whole-genome linkage analyses for HWM volumes and BP measurements to identify chromosomal regions that contribute jointly to both traits in a population of healthy Mexican Americans. Our aims were to localize novel quantitative trait loci acting pleiotropically on these phenotypes and to replicate previous genetic findings on whole brain HWM volume and BP measurements. METHODS BP measurements and volumes of whole-brain (WB), subcortical, and ependymal HWM lesions, measured from high-resolution (1 mm(3)) 3-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, served as focal quantitative phenotypes. Data were collected from 357 (218 females; mean age=47.9±13.2 years) members of large extended families who participated in the San Antonio Family Heart Study. RESULTS Bivariate genomewide linkage analyses localized a significant quantitative trait locus influencing WB and regional (ependymal) HWM volumes and pulse pressure and systolic BP to chromosomal location 1q24 between markers D1S196 and D1S1619. Several other chromosomal regions (1q42, 10q24-q26, and 15q26) exhibited suggestive linkages. The results of the post hoc analyses that excluded 55 subjects taking antihypertensive medication showed no substantive differences from the results obtained in the full cohort. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms several previously observed quantitative trait loci influencing BP and cerebral integrity and identifies a novel significant quantitative trait locus at chromosome 1q24. The genetic results strongly support a role for pleiotropically acting genes jointly influencing BP and cerebral white matter integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kochunov
- Dip ABMP, Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78284, USA.
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19
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Melton PE, Rutherford S, Voruganti VS, Göring HHH, Laston S, Haack K, Comuzzie AG, Dyer TD, Johnson MP, Kent JW, Curran JE, Moses EK, Blangero J, Barac A, Lee ET, Best LG, Fabsitz RR, Devereux RB, Okin PM, Bella JN, Broeckel U, Howard BV, MacCluer JW, Cole SA, Almasy L. Bivariate genetic association of KIAA1797 with heart rate in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family Study. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:3662-71. [PMID: 20601674 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) has been identified as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet little is known regarding genetic factors influencing this phenotype. Previous research in American Indians (AIs) from the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS) identified a significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) for HR on chromosome 9p21. Genetic association on HR was conducted in the SHFS. HR was measured from electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiograph (Echo) Doppler recordings. We examined 2248 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 9p21 for association using a gene-centric statistical test. We replicated the aforementioned QTL [logarithm of odds (LOD) = 4.83; genome-wide P= 0.0003] on chromosome 9p21 in one SHFS population using joint linkage of ECG and Echo HR. After correcting for effective number of SNPs using a gene-centric test, six SNPs (rs7875153, rs7848524, rs4446809, rs10964759, rs1125488 and rs7853123) remained significant. We applied a novel bivariate association method, which was a joint test of association of a single locus to two traits using a standard additive genetic model. The SNP, rs7875153, provided the strongest evidence for association (P = 7.14 x 10(-6)). This SNP (rs7875153) is rare (minor allele frequency = 0.02) in AIs and is located within intron 9 of the gene KIAA1797. To support this association, we applied lymphocyte RNA expression data from the San Antonio Family Heart Study, a longitudinal study of CVD in Mexican Americans. Expression levels of KIAA1797 were significantly associated (P = 0.012) with HR. These findings in independent populations support that KIAA1797 genetic variation may be associated with HR but elucidation of a functional relationship requires additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip E Melton
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA.
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Butler MG. Genetics of hypertension. Current status. LE JOURNAL MEDICAL LIBANAIS. THE LEBANESE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2010; 58:175-178. [PMID: 21462849 PMCID: PMC5132177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Genetics of hypertension is complex with no known single gene playing a major role, but rather many genes each with mild effects reacting to different environmental stimuli contribute to blood pressure. The heritable component of blood pressure has been documented in familial and twin studies suggesting that 30%-50% of the variance of blood pressure readings are attributable to genetic heritability and about 50% to environmental factors. Early studies in hypertension identified specific enzymes, channels and receptors implicating sodium handling in the regulation of blood pressure including genes involved with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system controlling blood pressure and salt-water homeostasis, proteins in hormonal regulation of blood pressure (enzymes and receptors of the mineralo- and glucocorticoid pathways) and proteins coded by genes involved in the structure and/or regulation of vascular tone (endothelins and their receptors). The field of molecular genetics has revolutionized the study of hypertension by identifying single gene syndromes or Mendelian forms and several candidate genes for blood pressure variance. Genes have been localized to at least 20 chromosome regions. For example, recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of common genetic variants found 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or variants in systolic and 20 for diastolic blood pressure readings representing different genes and genetic heterogeneity. Further understanding of the genetics of hypertension will require the use of advances in bioinformatics tools and genetic technology [e.g., SNP, exon and noncoding (micro) RNA arrays]. New approaches will allow for identification of not only single genes, but other interacting genes contributing to hypertension by merging multiple genetic data sets (structural and functional) from individuals with hypertension and development of new molecular targets for study and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin G Butler
- Department of Psychiatry, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
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21
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Montasser ME, Shimmin LC, Hanis CL, Boerwinkle E, Hixson JE. Gene by smoking interaction in hypertension: identification of a major quantitative trait locus on chromosome 15q for systolic blood pressure in Mexican–Americans. J Hypertens 2009; 27:491-501. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32831ef54f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Voruganti VS, Nath SD, Cole SA, Thameem F, Jowett JB, Bauer R, MacCluer JW, Blangero J, Comuzzie AG, Abboud HE, Arar NH. Genetics of variation in serum uric acid and cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican Americans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:632-8. [PMID: 19001525 PMCID: PMC2646516 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated serum uric acid is associated with several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as hypertension, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity. However, the role of uric acid as an independent risk factor for CVD is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to localize quantitative trait loci regulating variation in serum uric acid and also establish the relationship between serum uric acid and other CVD risk factors in Mexican Americans (n = 848; men = 310, women = 538) participating in the San Antonio Family Heart Study. METHODS Quantitative genetic analysis was conducted using variance components decomposition method, implemented in the software program SOLAR. RESULTS Mean +/- SD of serum uric acid was 5.35 +/- 1.38 mg/dl. Univariate genetic analysis showed serum uric acid and other CVD risk markers to be significantly heritable (P < 0.005). Bivariate analysis showed significant correlation of serum uric acid with body mass index, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, total body fat, plasma insulin, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (P < 0.05). A genome-wide scan for detecting quantitative trait loci regulating serum uric acid variation showed a significant logarithm of odds (LOD) score of 4.72 (empirical LOD score = 4.62; P < 0.00001) on chromosome 3p26. One LOD support interval contains 25 genes, of which an interesting candidate gene is chemokine receptor 2. SUMMARY There is a significant genetic component in the variation in serum uric acid and evidence of pleiotropy between serum uric acid and other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, Texas 78227, USA.
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Shi G, Gu CC, Kraja AT, Arnett DK, Myers RH, Pankow JS, Hunt SC, Rao DC. Genetic Effect on Blood Pressure Is Modulated by Age. Hypertension 2009; 53:35-41. [PMID: 19029486 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.120071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide linkage analysis was performed for systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network. We investigated the role of gene–age interactions using a recently developed variance components method that incorporates age variation in genetic effects. Substantially improved linkage evidence, in terms of both the number of linkage peaks and their significance levels, was observed. Twenty-six linkage peaks were identified with maximum logarithm of odds scores ranging between 3.0 and 4.6, 15 of which were cross-validated by the literature. The chromosomal region 1p36 that showed the highest logarithm of odds score in our study was found to be supported by evidence from 3 studies. The new method also led to vastly improved validation across ethnic groups. Ten of the 15 supported linkage peaks were cross-validated between 2 different ethnic groups, and 2 peaks on chromosomal region 1q31 and 16p11 were validated in 3 ethnic groups. In conclusion, this investigation demonstrates that genetic effects on blood pressure vary by age. The improved genetic linkage results presented here should help to identify the specific genetic variants that explain the observed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Shi
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - Chi C. Gu
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - Aldi T. Kraja
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - Richard H. Myers
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - James S. Pankow
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
| | - Dabeeru C. Rao
- From the Divisions of Biostatistics (G.S., C.C.G., D.C.R.) and Statistical Genomics (A.T.K.) and the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO; Department of Epidemiology (D.K.A.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.H.M.), Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (J.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and
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