1
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de Almeida Borghezan E, da Silva Pires TH, Zuanon J, Kohshima S. Effect of light bias on male mating signal and female mate choice in a sexually dimorphic Amazon fish. Behav Processes 2023; 213:104958. [PMID: 37863276 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Colourful signals are usually honest indicators of mate quality since they are energetically costly. However, how colours are perceived by choosers is highly affected by the environmental light condition. Amazon black waters are strongly red-biased while clear waters show no apparent colour bias. The sailfin tetra Crenuchus spilurus is a sexually dimorphic Amazon fish species; males have hyperallometric dorsal and anal fins conspicuously ornamented with red and yellow markings. The species has two main lineages, which inhabit black and clear waters. A comparison of the red colouration of the ornaments of males from different lineages indicates that red bias increases the perceived intensity of red colouration but decreases the perceived among-individual variation in red colour. In mate choice experiments, females from all lineages preferred males with larger ornaments. Clear water lineage females were more likely to accept males under red-biased lighting, which increases the apparent red colouration, suggesting the importance of the red colouration in their mate choice. On the other hand, male acceptance by females from black waters did not change under different light conditions, suggesting that signals other than the red colouration (e.g. size of ornaments) were more important in their mate choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio de Almeida Borghezan
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamental e Evolução, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | | | - Jansen Zuanon
- Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamental e Evolução, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Shiro Kohshima
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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LaDage LD, Yu T, Zani PA. Higher Rate of Male Sexual Displays Correlates with Larger Ventral Posterior Amygdala Volume and Neuron Soma Volume in Wild-Caught Common Side-Blotched Lizards, Uta stansburiana. BRAIN, BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION 2022; 97:298-308. [PMID: 35537399 DOI: 10.1159/000524915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several areas of the vertebrate brain are involved in facilitating and inhibiting the production of sexual behaviors and displays. In the laboratory, a higher rate of sexual displays is correlated with a larger ventral posterior amygdala (VPA), an area of the brain involved in the expression of sexual display behaviors, as well as larger VPA neuronal somas. However, it remains unclear if individuals in the field reflect similar patterns, as there are likely many more selective pressures in the field that may also modulate the VPA architecture. In this study, we examined variation in VPA volume and neuron soma volume in wild-caught common side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) from two different populations. In a population from Nevada, males experience high predation pressure and have decreased sexual display rates during the breeding season, whereas a population in Oregon has lower levels of predation and higher rates of male sexual displays. We found that wild-caught males from the population with lower display rates also exhibited decreased VPA volume and VPA neuron cell soma volume, which may suggest that decreased display rate, possibly due to increased predation rate, covaries with VPA attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara D LaDage
- Division of Mathematics & Natural Sciences, Penn State Altoona, Altoona, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tracy Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter A Zani
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, USA
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3
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Tschol M, Reid JM, Bocedi G. Strong spatial population structure shapes the temporal coevolutionary dynamics of costly female preference and male display. Evolution 2021; 76:636-648. [PMID: 34964487 PMCID: PMC9302702 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Female mating preferences for exaggerated male display traits are commonplace. Yet, comprehensive understanding of the evolution and persistence of costly female preference through indirect (Fisherian) selection in finite populations requires some explanation for the persistence of additive genetic variance (Va) underlying sexual traits, given that directional preference is expected to deplete Va in display and hence halt preference evolution. However, the degree to which Va, and hence preference‐display coevolution, may be prolonged by spatially variable sexual selection arising solely from limited gene flow and genetic drift within spatially structured populations has not been examined. Our genetically and spatially explicit model shows that spatial population structure arising in an ecologically homogeneous environment can facilitate evolution and long‐term persistence of costly preference given small subpopulations and low dispersal probabilities. Here, genetic drift initially creates spatial variation in female preference, leading to persistence of Va in display through “migration‐bias” of genotypes maladapted to emerging local sexual selection, thus fueling coevolution of costly preference and display. However, costs of sexual selection increased the probability of subpopulation extinction, limiting persistence of high preference‐display genotypes. Understanding long‐term dynamics of sexual selection systems therefore requires joint consideration of coevolution of sexual traits and metapopulation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Tschol
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Jane M Reid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK.,Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Institutt for Biologi, NTNU, Realfagbygget, Gløshaugen, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Greta Bocedi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
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4
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Epidermal Club Cells in Fishes: A Case for Ecoimmunological Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031440. [PMID: 33535506 PMCID: PMC7867084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal club cells (ECCs), along with mucus cells, are present in the skin of many fishes, particularly in the well-studied Ostariophysan family Cyprinidae. Most ECC-associated literature has focused on the potential role of ECCs as a component of chemical alarm cues released passively when a predator damages the skin of its prey, alerting nearby prey to the presence of an active predator. Because this warning system is maintained by receiver-side selection (senders are eaten), there is want of a mechanism to confer fitness benefits to the individual that invests in ECCs to explain their evolutionary origin and maintenance in this speciose group of fishes. In an attempt to understand the fitness benefits that accrue from investment in ECCs, we reviewed the phylogenetic distribution of ECCs and their histochemical properties. ECCs are found in various forms in all teleost superorders and in the chondrostei inferring either early or multiple independent origins over evolutionary time. We noted that ECCs respond to several environmental stressors/immunomodulators including parasites and pathogens, are suppressed by immunomodulators such as testosterone and cortisol, and their density covaries with food ration, demonstrating a dynamic metabolic cost to maintaining these cells. ECC density varies widely among and within fish populations, suggesting that ECCs may be a convenient tool with which to assay ecoimmunological tradeoffs between immune stress and foraging activity, reproductive state, and predator-prey interactions. Here, we review the case for ECC immune function, immune functions in fishes generally, and encourage future work describing the precise role of ECCs in the immune system and life history evolution in fishes.
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5
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Giery ST, Layman CA. Ecological Consequences Of Sexually Selected Traits: An Eco-Evolutionary Perspective. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1086/702341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Stroud JT, Colom M, Ferrer P, Palermo N, Vargas V, Cavallini M, Lopez J, Jones I. Behavioral shifts with urbanization may facilitate biological invasion of a widespread lizard. Urban Ecosyst 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-019-0831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Scordato ESC. Male competition drives song divergence along an ecological gradient in an avian ring species. Evolution 2018; 72:2360-2377. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. C. Scordato
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637
- Current Address: Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic University Pomona California 91768
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8
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Gygax M, Rentsch AK, Rudman SM, Rennison DJ. Differential predation alters pigmentation in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). J Evol Biol 2018; 31:1589-1598. [PMID: 30055069 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Animal pigmentation plays a key role in many biological interactions, including courtship and predator avoidance. Sympatric benthic and limnetic ecotypes of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) exhibit divergent pigment patterns. To test whether differential predation by cutthroat trout contributes to the differences in pigmentation seen between the ecotypes, we used a within-generation selection experiment on F2 benthic-limnetic hybrids. After 10 months of differential selection, we compared the pigmentation of fish under trout predation to control fish not exposed to trout predation. We found that stickleback exhibited more lateral barring in ponds with trout predation. Ponds with trout were also less turbid, and a greater degree of barring was negatively correlated with the magnitude of turbidity across pond replicates. A more benthic diet, a proxy for habitat use, was also correlated with greater lateral barring and green dorsal pigmentation. These patterns suggest that differential exposure to cutthroat trout predation may explain the divergence in body pigmentation between benthic and limnetic ecotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Gygax
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ana K Rentsch
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Seth M Rudman
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Diana J Rennison
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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9
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An Empirical Test Indicates Only Qualitatively Honest Aposematic Signaling Within a Population of Vertebrates. J HERPETOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1670/17-047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Giery ST, Layman CA. Dissolved organic carbon and unimodal variation in sexual signal coloration in mosquitofish: a role for light limitation? Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2017.0163. [PMID: 28381625 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural selection plays an important role in the evolution of sexual communication systems. Here, we assess the effect of two well-known selection agents, transmission environment and predation, on interpopulation variation in sexual signals. Our model system is a series of 21 populations of Bahamian mosquitofish subjected to independent variation in optical conditions and predation risk. We show that optically diverse environments, caused by locally variable dissolved organic carbon concentrations, rather than spatial variation in predation, drove divergence in fin coloration (fin redness). We found a unimodal pattern of phenotypic variation along the optical gradient indicating a threshold-type response of visual signals to broad variation in optical conditions. We discuss evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that may drive such a pattern as well as the implications of non-monotonic clines for evolutionary differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Giery
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Craig A Layman
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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11
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Gray LJ, Simpson SJ, Polak M. Fruit flies may face a nutrient-dependent life-history trade-off between secondary sexual trait quality, survival and developmental rate. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 104:60-70. [PMID: 29203178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optimal life-history strategies are those that best allocate finite environmental resources to competing traits. We used the geometric framework for nutrition to evaluate life-history strategies followed by Drosophila melanogaster by measuring the condition-dependent performance of life-history traits, including the morphology of male secondary sexual characters, sex combs. We found that depending on their rearing environment flies faced different forms of trait trade-offs and accordingly followed different life-history strategies. High-energy, high-carbohydrate, low-protein diets supported development of the largest and most symmetrical sex combs, however, consistent with handicap models of sexual selection these foods were associated with reduced fly survival and developmental rate. Expressing the highest quality sex combs may have required secondary sexual trait quality to be traded-off with developmental rate, and our results indicated that flies unable to slow development died. As larval nutritional environments are predominantly determined by female oviposition substrate choice, we tested where mated female flies laid the most eggs. Mothers chose high-energy, high-protein foods associated with rapid larval development. Mothers avoided high-carbohydrate foods associated with maximal sex comb expression, showing they may avoid producing fewer 'sexy' sons in favour of producing offspring that develop rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey J Gray
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006 Australia.
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006 Australia.
| | - Michal Polak
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221 USA.
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12
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McQueen A, Naimo AC, Teunissen N, Magrath RD, Delhey K, Peters A. Bright birds are cautious: seasonally conspicuous plumage prompts risk avoidance by male superb fairy-wrens. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:rspb.2017.0446. [PMID: 28659448 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased predation risk is considered a cost of having conspicuous colours, affecting the anti-predator behaviour of colourful animals. However, this is difficult to test, as individual factors often covary with colour and behaviour. We used alarm call playback and behavioural observations to assess whether individual birds adjust their response to risk according to their plumage colour. Male superb fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus) change from a dull brown to conspicuous blue plumage each year, allowing the behaviour of different coloured birds to be compared while controlling for within-individual effects. Because the timing of colour change varies among males, blue and brown birds can also be compared at the same time of year, controlling for seasonal effects on behaviour. While blue, fairy-wrens fled more often in response to alarm calls, and took longer to emerge from cover. Blue fairy-wrens also spent more time foraging in cover and being vigilant. Group members appeared to benefit from the presence of blue males, as they reduced their response to alarms, and allocated less time to sentinel behaviour when a blue male was close by. We suggest that fairy-wrens perceive themselves to be at a higher risk of predation while in conspicuous plumage and adjust their behaviour accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra McQueen
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Annalise C Naimo
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Niki Teunissen
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Robert D Magrath
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Kaspar Delhey
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Anne Peters
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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13
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García-Roa R, Megía-Palma R, Ortega J, Jara M, López P, Martín J. Interpopulational and seasonal variation in the chemical signals of the lizard Gallotia galloti. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3992. [PMID: 29230352 PMCID: PMC5721911 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Communicative traits are strikingly diverse and may vary among populations of the same species. Within a population, these traits may also display seasonal variation. Chemical signals play a key role in the communication of many taxa. However, we still know far too little about chemical communication in some vertebrate groups. In lizards, only a few studies have examined interpopulational variation in the composition of chemical cues and signals and only one study has explored the seasonal effects. Here we sampled three subspecies of the Tenerife lizards (Gallotia galloti) and analyze the lipophilic fraction of their femoral gland secretions to characterize the potential interpopulational variation in the chemical signals. In addition, we assessed whether composition of these secretions differed between the reproductive and the non-reproductive season. We analyzed variations in both the overall chemical profile and the abundance of the two main compounds (cholesterol and vitamin E). Our results show interpopulational and seasonal differences in G. gallotia chemical profiles. These findings are in accordance with the high interpopulational variability of compounds observed in lizard chemical signals and show that their composition is not only shaped by selective factors linked to reproductive season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto García-Roa
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Megía-Palma
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ortega
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Jara
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology of Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Pilar López
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Martín
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Servedio MR, Boughman JW. The Role of Sexual Selection in Local Adaptation and Speciation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110316-022905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sexual selection plays several intricate and complex roles in the related processes of local adaptation and speciation. In some cases sexual selection can promote these processes, but in others it can be inhibitory. We present theoretical and empirical evidence supporting these dual effects of sexual selection during local adaptation, allopatric speciation, and speciation with gene flow. Much of the empirical evidence for sexual selection promoting speciation is suggestive rather than conclusive; we present what would constitute strong evidence for sexual selection driving speciation. We conclude that although there is ample evidence that sexual selection contributes to the speciation process, it is very likely to do so only in concert with natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R. Servedio
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516
| | - Janette W. Boughman
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Lagos
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde Sydney NSW Australia
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16
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Johnson S, Candolin U. Predation cost of a sexual signal in the threespine stickleback. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Llanos-Garrido A, Díaz JA, Pérez-Rodríguez A, Arriero E. Variation in male ornaments in two lizard populations with contrasting parasite loads. J Zool (1987) 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Llanos-Garrido
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology; Faculty of Biology; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - J. A. Díaz
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology; Faculty of Biology; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - A. Pérez-Rodríguez
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology; Faculty of Biology; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - E. Arriero
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology; Faculty of Biology; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
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18
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Stroud JT, Losos JB. Ecological Opportunity and Adaptive Radiation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-121415-032254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James T. Stroud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Coral Gables, Florida 33156;
| | - Jonathan B. Losos
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01238;
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19
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Ward TD, Algera DA, Gallagher AJ, Hawkins E, Horodysky A, Jørgensen C, Killen SS, McKenzie DJ, Metcalfe JD, Peck MA, Vu M, Cooke SJ. Understanding the individual to implement the ecosystem approach to fisheries management. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 4:cow005. [PMID: 27293757 PMCID: PMC4825417 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management (EAFMs) have emerged as requisite for sustainable use of fisheries resources. At the same time, however, there is a growing recognition of the degree of variation among individuals within a population, as well as the ecological consequences of this variation. Managing resources at an ecosystem level calls on practitioners to consider evolutionary processes, and ample evidence from the realm of fisheries science indicates that anthropogenic disturbance can drive changes in predominant character traits (e.g. size at maturity). Eco-evolutionary theory suggests that human-induced trait change and the modification of selective regimens might contribute to ecosystem dynamics at a similar magnitude to species extirpation, extinction and ecological dysfunction. Given the dynamic interaction between fisheries and target species via harvest and subsequent ecosystem consequences, we argue that individual diversity in genetic, physiological and behavioural traits are important considerations under EAFMs. Here, we examine the role of individual variation in a number of contexts relevant to fisheries management, including the potential ecological effects of rapid trait change. Using select examples, we highlight the extent of phenotypic diversity of individuals, as well as the ecological constraints on such diversity. We conclude that individual phenotypic diversity is a complex phenomenon that needs to be considered in EAFMs, with the ultimate realization that maintaining or increasing individual trait diversity may afford not only species, but also entire ecosystems, with enhanced resilience to environmental perturbations. Put simply, individuals are the foundation from which population- and ecosystem-level traits emerge and are therefore of central importance for the ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D. Ward
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
- Corresponding author: Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.
| | - Dirk A. Algera
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | - Austin J. Gallagher
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | - Emily Hawkins
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1N 9B4
| | - Andrij Horodysky
- Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA
| | - Christian Jørgensen
- Department of Biology and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Shaun S. Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - David J. McKenzie
- Equipe Diversité et Ecologie des Poissons, UMR5119 Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers, Université Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier cedex 5 34095, France
| | - Julian D. Metcalfe
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Lowestoft Laboratory, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Myron A. Peck
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Olbersweg 24, Hamburg 22767, Germany
| | - Maria Vu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1N 9B4
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
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20
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Giery ST, Layman CA, Langerhans RB. Anthropogenic ecosystem fragmentation drives shared and unique patterns of sexual signal divergence among three species of Bahamian mosquitofish. Evol Appl 2015; 8:679-91. [PMID: 26240605 PMCID: PMC4516420 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When confronted with similar environmental challenges, different organisms can exhibit dissimilar phenotypic responses. Therefore, understanding patterns of phenotypic divergence for closely related species requires considering distinct evolutionary histories. Here, we investigated how a common form of human-induced environmental alteration, habitat fragmentation, may drive phenotypic divergence among three closely related species of Bahamian mosquitofish (Gambusia spp.). Focusing on one phenotypic trait (male coloration), having a priori predictions of divergence, we tested whether populations persisting in fragmented habitats differed from those inhabiting unfragmented habitats and examined the consistency of the pattern across species. Species exhibited both shared and unique patterns of phenotypic divergence between the two types of habitats, with shared patterns representing the stronger effect. For all species, populations in fragmented habitats had fewer dorsal-fin spots. In contrast, the magnitude and trajectory of divergence in dorsal-fin color, a sexually selected trait, differed among species. We identified fragmentation-mediated increased turbidity as a possible driver of these trait shifts. These results suggest that even closely related species can exhibit diverse phenotypic responses when encountering similar human-mediated selection regimes. This element of unpredictability complicates forecasting the phenotypic responses of wild organisms faced with anthropogenic change – an important component of biological conservation and ecosystem management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Giery
- Marine Sciences Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University North Miami, FL, USA
| | - Craig A Layman
- Marine Sciences Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University North Miami, FL, USA ; Department of Applied Ecology, David Clark Labs, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - R Brian Langerhans
- Department of Biological Sciences and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
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