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Huang H, Zheng Y, Chang M, Song J, Xia L, Wu C, Jia W, Ren H, Feng W, Chen Y. Ultrasound-Based Micro-/Nanosystems for Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 38924776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsic non-invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and real-time capabilities, besides diagnostic imaging, ultrasound as a typical mechanical wave has been extensively developed as a physical tool for versatile biomedical applications. Especially, the prosperity of nanotechnology and nanomedicine invigorates the landscape of ultrasound-based medicine. The unprecedented surge in research enthusiasm and dedicated efforts have led to a mass of multifunctional micro-/nanosystems being applied in ultrasound biomedicine, facilitating precise diagnosis, effective treatment, and personalized theranostics. The effective deployment of versatile ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems in biomedical applications is rooted in a profound understanding of the relationship among composition, structure, property, bioactivity, application, and performance. In this comprehensive review, we elaborate on the general principles regarding the design, synthesis, functionalization, and optimization of ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for abundant biomedical applications. In particular, recent advancements in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for diagnostic imaging are meticulously summarized. Furthermore, we systematically elucidate state-of-the-art studies concerning recent progress in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for therapeutic applications targeting various pathological abnormalities including cancer, bacterial infection, brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic diseases. Finally, we conclude and provide an outlook on this research field with an in-depth discussion of the challenges faced and future developments for further extensive clinical translation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lili Xia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chenyao Wu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wencong Jia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hongze Ren
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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Bulycheva V, Kolios MC, Karshafian R. Interaction of ultrasonically driven bubble with a soft tissue-like boundary. ULTRASONICS 2024; 142:107374. [PMID: 38875881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the size-dependent dynamics of bubbles and their interaction with soft boundaries under various ultrasound (US) conditions. We found that bubble behavior is influenced by size, with smaller bubbles displaying reduced inertial motion in similar ultrasound environments. Detailed analyses of three bubble sizes (1.5 µm, 15 µm, and 150 µm) next to a soft 1 kPa boundary revealed distinct patterns in radial oscillation, bubble center displacement, and boundary deflection for different ultrasound frequencies (5 kHz - 4 MHz). The smallest bubble maintained a spherical shape, while the largest experienced significant shape changes, indicative of impending jet formation. Investigating interactions at various frequencies highlighted the collapse tendency of the larger bubbles, showcasing maximum radial amplitude, displacement, and bubble wall velocity around its natural frequency. The presence of a soft boundary minimally affected radial amplitude and velocity, while the bubble displacement was contingent on the soft boundary modulus. Furthermore, boundary responses demonstrated that softer boundaries experienced less stress during bubble oscillations, exhibiting sharper peaks at resonance frequencies for larger bubbles. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing ultrasound conditions for a variety of applications, highlighting the influence of bubble size and boundary properties on outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bulycheva
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership Between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership Between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.
| | - Raffi Karshafian
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership Between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.
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Oeffinger BE, Stanczak M, Lepore AC, Eisenbrey JR, Wheatley MA. Determining Ultrasound Parameters for Bursting Polymer Microbubbles for Future Use in Spinal Cord Injury. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024; 50:888-897. [PMID: 38519360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We believe our poly(lactic acid) (PLA) microbubbles are well suited for therapeutic delivery to spinal cord injury (SCI) using ultrasound-triggered bursting. We investigated the feasibility of clinical ultrasound bursting in situ, the optimal bursting parameters in vitro and the loading and release of a model bio-active DNA. METHODS Microbubbles were tested using clinical ultrasound in a rat cadaver SCI model. Burst pressure thresholds were determined using the change in enhancement after ultrasound exposure. Resonance frequency, acoustic enhancement, sizing and morphology were evaluated by comparing two microbubble porogens, ammonium carbonate and ammonium carbamate. Oligonucleotides were loaded into the shell and released using the found optimized ultrasound bursting parameters. RESULTS In situ imaging and bursting were successful. In vitro bursting thresholds using frequencies 1, 2.25 and 5 MHz were identified between peak negative pressures 0.2 and 0.5 MPa, believed to be safe for spinal cord. The pressure threshold decreased with decreasing frequencies. PLA bursting was optimized near the resonance frequency of 2.5 to 3.0 MHz using 2.25 MHz and not at lower frequencies. PLA microbubbles, initially with a mean size of approximately 2 µm, remained in one piece, collapsed to between 0.5 and 1 µm and did not fragment. Significantly more oligonucleotide was released after ultrasound bursting of loaded microbubbles. Microbubble-sized debris was detected when using ammonium carbamate, leading to inaccurate microbubble concentration measurements. CONCLUSION PLA microbubbles made with ammonium carbonate and burst at appropriate parameters have the potential to safely improve intrathecal therapeutic delivery to SCI using targeted ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Oeffinger
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Stanczak
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Angelo C Lepore
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical Collage at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John R Eisenbrey
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Margaret A Wheatley
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Haghi H, Kolios MC. Numerical investigation of the effect of bubble properties on the linear resonance frequency shift due to inter-bubble interactions in ultrasonically excited lipid coated microbubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 104:106831. [PMID: 38428306 PMCID: PMC10912878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasonically excited microbubbles (MBs) have numerous applications in various fields, such as drug delivery, and imaging. Ultrasonically excited MBs are known to be nonlinear oscillators that generate secondary acoustic emissions in the media when excited by a primary ultrasound wave. The propagation of acoustic waves in the liquid is limited to the speed of sound, resulting in each MB receiving the primary and secondary waves at different times depending on their distance from the ultrasound source and the distance between MBs. These delays are referred to as primary and secondary delays, respectively. A previous study demonstrated that the inclusion of secondary delays in a model describing the interactions between MBs exposed to ultrasound results in an increase in the linear resonance frequency of MBs as they approach each other. This work investigates the impact of various MB properties on the change in linear resonance frequency resulting from changes in inter-bubble distances. The effects of shell properties, including the initial surface tension, surface dilatational viscosity of the shell monolayer, elastic compression modulus of the shell, and the initial radius of the MBs, are examined. MB size is a significant factor influencing the rate of linear resonance frequency increase with increasing concentration. Moreover, it is found that the shell properties of MBs play a negligible role in the rate of change in linear resonance frequency of MBs as the inter-bubble distances change.The findings of this study have implications for various applications of MBs in the biomedical field. By understanding the impact of inter-bubble distances and shell properties on the linear resonance frequency of MBs, the utilization of MBs in applications reliant on their resonant behavior can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Haghi
- Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Metropolitan University, 209 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Metropolitan University, 209 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Li J, Zhou M, Luo J, Xu W, Zhai Y, Qu T, Zou L. Collapsing behavior of spark-induced cavitation bubble in rigid tube. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 103:106791. [PMID: 38325060 PMCID: PMC10859283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of cavitation within tubes is a common scenario in the fields of medicine and industry. This paper focuses on the effects of rigid circular tube length, diameter and the distance of bubble - tube port on the behavior of bubble in tube. The low-voltage discharge technique was utilized to induce a cavitation bubble in deionized water. The effects of rigid tube lengths, diameters, and bubble-tube port distances on the morphology of bubbles are observed using high-speed camera. It has been found that as the length of the rigid tube increases, so does the period, and this effect is more pronounced in tubes with smaller diameters. Conversely, the cavitation bubble period decreased and then stabilized as the tube diameter increased, the ratio of tube radius and the bubble radius exceeds 4.8, the period of bubble in tube is similar to that of bubble in free field. Further analysis of the influence of tube characteristics on microjets reveals that a pair of oppositely microjets were formed along the tube axis by the bubble near the midpoint of the tube axis. Moreover, when the non-dimensional tube length η < 3.5, the increase tube diameter results in a decrease microjet velocity. It has also been observed that as the bubble gradually approaches the interior of the tube, the velocity of microjets directed inward decreases. Additionally, the smaller the diameter of the tube, the greater the bubble-tube port distance required for the microjets to reach the same level of velocity as bubble near the center of the tube axis. These findings hold theoretical implications for improvement of targeted drug delivery efficiency in medicine and enhance the operational efficiency of inertial micropumps in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Maolin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Weilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yanwei Zhai
- Science and Technology Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 101199, China; National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Tong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lingtao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Yu J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ran R, Kong Z, Zhao D, Liu M, Zhao W, Cui Y, Hua Y, Gao L, Zhang Z, Yang Y. Smart nanogels for cancer treatment from the perspective of functional groups. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1329311. [PMID: 38268937 PMCID: PMC10806105 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1329311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer remains a significant health challenge, with chemotherapy being a critical treatment modality. However, traditional chemotherapy faces limitations due to non-specificity and toxicity. Nanogels, as advanced drug carriers, offer potential for targeted and controlled drug release, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects. Methods: This review summarizes the latest developments in nanogel-based chemotherapy drug delivery systems, focusing on the role of functional groups in drug loading and the design of smart hydrogels with controlled release mechanisms. We discuss the preparation methods of various nanogels based on different functional groups and their application in cancer treatment. Results: Nanogels composed of natural and synthetic polymers, such as chitosan, alginate, and polyacrylic acid, have been developed for chemotherapy drug delivery. Functional groups like carboxyl, disulfide, and hydroxyl groups play crucial roles in drug encapsulation and release. Smart hydrogels have been engineered to respond to tumor microenvironmental cues, such as pH, redox potential, temperature, and external stimuli like light and ultrasound, enabling targeted drug release. Discussion: The use of functional groups in nanogel preparation allows for the creation of multifunctional nanogels with high drug loading capacity, controllable release, and good targeting. These nanogels have shown promising results in preclinical studies, with enhanced antitumor effects and reduced systemic toxicity compared to traditional chemotherapy. Conclusion: The development of smart nanogels with functional group-mediated drug delivery and controlled release strategies represents a promising direction in cancer therapy. These systems offer the potential for improved patient outcomes by enhancing drug targeting and minimizing adverse effects. Further research is needed to optimize nanogel design, evaluate their safety and efficacy in clinical trials, and explore their potential for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Yu
- General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Shenyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rong Ran
- Department of Anesthesia, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zixiao Kong
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Duoyi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minda Liu
- Department of Oral-maxillofacial Head and Neck, Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianbo Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingxin Yang
- General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zalloum IO, Jafari Sojahrood A, Paknahad AA, Kolios MC, Tsai SSH, Karshafian R. Controlled Tempering of Lipid Concentration and Microbubble Shrinkage as a Possible Mechanism for Fine-Tuning Microbubble Size and Shell Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17622-17631. [PMID: 38016673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The acoustic response of microbubbles (MBs) depends on their resonance frequency, which is dependent on the MB size and shell properties. Monodisperse MBs with tunable shell properties are thus desirable for optimizing and controlling the MB behavior in acoustics applications. By utilizing a novel microfluidic method that uses lipid concentration to control MB shrinkage, we generated monodisperse MBs of four different initial diameters at three lipid concentrations (5.6, 10.0, and 16.0 mg/mL) in the aqueous phase. Following shrinkage, we measured the MB resonance frequency and determined its shell stiffness and viscosity. The study demonstrates that we can generate monodisperse MBs of specific sizes and tunable shell properties by controlling the MB initial diameter and aqueous phase lipid concentration. Our results indicate that the resonance frequency increases by 180-210% with increasing lipid concentration (from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL), while the bubble diameter is kept constant. Additionally, we find that the resonance frequency decreases by 260-300% with an increasing MB final diameter (from 5 to 12 μm), while the lipid concentration is held constant. For example, our results depict that the resonance frequency increases by ∼195% with increasing lipid concentration from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL, for ∼11 μm final diameter MBs. Additionally, we find that the resonance frequency decreases by ∼275% with increasing MB final diameter from 5 to 12 μm when we use a lipid concentration of 5.6 mg/mL. We also determine that MB shell viscosity and stiffness increase with increasing lipid concentration and MB final diameter, and the level of change depends on the degree of shrinkage experienced by the MB. Specifically, we find that by increasing the concentration of lipids from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL, the shell stiffness and viscosity of ∼11 μm final diameter MBs increase by ∼400 and ∼200%, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fine-tuning the MB acoustic response to ultrasound by tailoring the MB initial diameter and lipid concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intesar O Zalloum
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amin Jafari Sojahrood
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A Paknahad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott S H Tsai
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raffi Karshafian
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), A Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
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Siebenmorgen C, Poortinga A, van Rijn P. Sono-processes: Emerging systems and their applicability within the (bio-)medical field. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106630. [PMID: 37826890 PMCID: PMC10582584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Sonochemistry, although established in various fields, is still an emerging field finding new effects of ultrasound on chemical systems and are of particular interest for the biomedical field. This interdisciplinary area of research explores the use of acoustic waves with frequencies ranging from 20 kHz to 1 MHz to induce physical and chemical changes. By subjecting liquids to ultrasonic waves, sonochemistry has demonstrated the ability to accelerate reaction rates, alter chemical reaction pathways, and change physical properties of the system while operating under mild reaction conditions. It has found its way into diverse industries including food processing, pharmaceuticals, material science, and environmental remediation. This review provides an overview of the principles, advancements, and applications of sonochemistry with a particular focus on the domain of (bio-)medicine. Despite the numerous benefits sonochemistry has to offer, most of the research in the (bio-)medical field remains in the laboratory stage. Translation of these systems into clinical practice is complex as parameters used for medical ultrasound are limited and toxic side effects must be minimized in order to meet regulatory approval. However, directing attention towards the applicability of the system in clinical practice from the early stages of research holds significant potential to further amplify the role of sonochemistry in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Siebenmorgen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert Poortinga
- Technical University Eindhoven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gemini Zuid, de Zaale, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
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Rastegar G, Salman MM, Sirsi SR. Remote Loading: The Missing Piece for Achieving High Drug Payload and Rapid Release in Polymeric Microbubbles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2550. [PMID: 38004529 PMCID: PMC10675060 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of drug-loaded microbubbles for targeted drug delivery, particularly in cancer treatment, has been extensively studied in recent years. However, the loading capacity of microbubbles has been limited due to their surface area. Typically, drug molecules are loaded on or within the shell, or drug-loaded nanoparticles are coated on the surfaces of microbubbles. To address this significant limitation, we have introduced a novel approach. For the first time, we employed a transmembrane ammonium sulfate and pH gradient to load doxorubicin in a crystallized form in the core of polymeric microcapsules. Subsequently, we created remotely loaded microbubbles (RLMBs) through the sublimation of the liquid core of the microcapsules. Remotely loaded microcapsules exhibited an 18-fold increase in drug payload compared with physically loaded microcapsules. Furthermore, we investigated the drug release of RLMBs when exposed to an ultrasound field. After 120 s, an impressive 82.4 ± 5.5% of the loaded doxorubicin was released, demonstrating the remarkable capability of remotely loaded microbubbles for on-demand drug release. This study is the first to report such microbubbles that enable rapid drug release from the core. This innovative technique holds great promise in enhancing drug loading capacity and advancing targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shashank R. Sirsi
- Department of Bioengineering, Erik Johnson School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (G.R.); (M.M.S.)
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Durham PG, Upadhyay A, Navarro-Becerra JA, Moon RE, Borden MA, Dayton PA, Papadopoulou V. Effect of Anesthetic Carrier Gas on In Vivo Circulation Times of Intravenously Administered Phospholipid Oxygen Microbubbles in Rats. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:1861-1866. [PMID: 37246050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For the treatment of tumor hypoxia, microbubbles comprising oxygen as a majority component of the gas core with a stabilizing shell may be used to deliver and release oxygen locally at the tumor site through ultrasound destruction. Previous work has revealed differences in circulation half-life in vivo for perfluorocarbon-filled microbubbles, typically used as ultrasound imaging contrast agents, as a function of anesthetic carrier gas. These differences in circulation time in vivo were likely due to gas diffusion as a function of anesthetic carrier gas, among other variables. This work has motivated studies to evaluate the effect of anesthetic carrier gas on oxygen microbubble circulation dynamics. METHODS Circulation time for oxygen microbubbles was derived from ultrasound image intensity obtained during longitudinal kidney imaging. Studies were constructed for rats anesthetized on inhaled isoflurane with either pure oxygen or medical air as the anesthetic carrier gas. RESULTS Results indicated that oxygen microbubbles were highly visible via contrast-specific imaging. Marked signal enhancement and duration differences were observed between animals breathing air and oxygen. Perhaps counterintuitively, oxygen microbubbles disappeared from circulation significantly faster when the animals were breathing pure oxygen compared with medical air. This may be explained by nitrogen counterdiffusion from blood into the bubble, effectively changing the gas composition of the core, as has been observed in perfluorocarbon core microbubbles. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the apparent longevity and persistence of oxygen microbubbles in circulation may not be reflective of oxygen delivery when the animal is anesthetized breathing air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip G Durham
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Awaneesh Upadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Richard E Moon
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Environmental Physiology, Duke University, NC, USA
| | - Mark A Borden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Virginie Papadopoulou
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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11
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Sharma D, Xuan Leong K, Palhares D, Czarnota GJ. Radiation combined with ultrasound and microbubbles: A potential novel strategy for cancer treatment. Z Med Phys 2023; 33:407-426. [PMID: 37586962 PMCID: PMC10517408 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several emerging technologies are helping to battle cancer. Cancer therapies have been effective at killing cancer cells, but a large portion of patients still die to this disease every year. As such, more aggressive treatments of primary cancers are employed and have been shown to be capable of saving a greater number of lives. Recent research advances the field of cancer therapy by employing the use of physical methods to alter tumor biology. It uses microbubbles to enhance radiation effect by damaging tumor vasculature followed by tumor cell death. The technique can specifically target tumor volumes by conforming ultrasound fields capable of microbubbles stimulation and localizing it to avoid vascular damage in surrounding tissues. Thus, this new application of ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB) can be utilized as a novel approach to cancer therapy by inducing vascular disruption resulting in tumor cell death. Using USMB alongside radiation has showed to augment the anti-vascular effect of radiation, resulting in enhanced tumor response. Recent work with nanobubbles has shown vascular permeation into intracellular space, extending the use of this new treatment method to potentially further improve the therapeutic effect of the ultrasound-based therapy. The significant enhancement of localized tumor cell kill means that radiation-based treatments can be made more potent with lower doses of radiation. This technique can manifest a greater impact on radiation oncology practice by increasing treatment effectiveness significantly while reducing normal tissue toxicity. This review article summarizes the past and recent advances in USMB enhancement of radiation treatments. The review mainly focuses on preclinical findings but also highlights some clinical findings that use USMB as a therapeutic modality in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Sharma
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Radiation Oncology, and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kai Xuan Leong
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Palhares
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Radiation Oncology, and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory J Czarnota
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Radiation Oncology, and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Aliabouzar M, Quesada C, Chan ZQ, Fowlkes JB, Franceschi RT, Putnam AJ, Fabiilli ML. Acoustic droplet vaporization for on-demand modulation of microporosity in smart hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:195-208. [PMID: 37121372 PMCID: PMC10538466 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Microporosity in hydrogels is critical for directing tissue formation and function. We have developed a fibrin-based smart hydrogel, termed an acoustically responsive scaffold (ARS), which responds to focused ultrasound in a spatiotemporally controlled, user-defined manner. ARSs are highly flexible platforms due to the inclusion of phase-shift droplets and their tunable response to ultrasound through a mechanism termed acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV). Here, we demonstrated that ADV enabled consistent generation of micropores in ARSs, throughout the entire thickness (∼5.5 mm), utilizing perfluorooctane phase-shift droplets. Size characteristics of the generated micropores were quantified in response to critical parameters including acoustic properties, droplet size, and shear elastic modulus of fibrin using confocal microscopy. The findings showed that the length of the generated micropores correlated directly with excitation frequency, peak rarefactional pressure, pulse duration, droplet size, and indirectly with the shear elastic modulus of the fibrin matrix. The ADV-generated micropores in ARSs were further compared with cavitation-mediated micropores in fibrin gels without droplets. Additionally, the Keller-Miksis equation was used to predict an upper bound for micropore formation in ARSs at varying driving frequencies and droplet sizes. Finally, our in vivo studies showed that host cell migration following ADV-induced micropore formation was frequency-dependent, with up to 2.6 times higher cell migration at lower frequencies. Overall, these findings demonstrate a new potential application of ADV in hydrogels. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Interconnected micropores within a hydrogel can facilitate many cell-mediated processes. Most techniques for generating micropores are typically not biocompatible or do not enable controlled, in situ micropore formation. We used an ultrasound-based technique, termed acoustic droplet vaporization, to generate microporosity in smart hydrogels termed acoustically responsive scaffolds (ARSs). ARSs contain a fibrin matrix doped with a phase-shift droplet. We demonstrate that unique acoustic properties of phase-shift droplets can be tailored to yield spatiotemporally controlled, on-demand micropore formation. Additionally, the size characteristics of the ultrasound-generated micropores can be modulated by tuning ultrasound parameters, droplet properties, and bulk elastic properties of fibrin. Finally, we demonstrate significant, frequency-dependent host cell migration in subcutaneously implanted ARSs in mice following ultrasound-induced micropore formation in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Aliabouzar
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Carole Quesada
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ze Qi Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Renny T Franceschi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew J Putnam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mario L Fabiilli
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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13
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Mironova OI, Isaikina MA, Isaev GO, Berdysheva MV, Fomin VV. [Contrast-enhanced ultrasound: history, application and perspectives]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2023; 95:472057. [PMID: 38158985 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.04.202157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The article discusses the stages of formation and development of ultrasound diagnostics, including those with contrast enhancement. The main types of contrast agents and their mechanism of action are presented. Examples of the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in various fields of medicine are given. The prospects of the method and its place in clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Mironova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - M A Isaikina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - G O Isaev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - M V Berdysheva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - V V Fomin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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14
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Ho YJ, Hsu HC, Wu BH, Lin YC, Liao LD, Yeh CK. Preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury by acousto-mechanical local oxygen delivery. J Control Release 2023; 356:481-492. [PMID: 36921723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological process that causes vascular damage and dysfunction which increases recurrence and/or mortality in myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and organ transplantation. We hypothesized that ultrasound-stimulated oxygen-loaded microbubble (O2-MB) cavitation would enhance mechanical force on endothelium and simultaneously release oxygen locally at the targeted vessels. This cooperation between biomechanical and biochemical stimuli might modulate endothelial metabolism, providing a potential clinical approach to the prevention of I/R injury. Murine hindlimb and cardiac I/R models were used to demonstrate the feasibility of injury prevention by O2-MB cavitation. Increased mechanical force on endothelium induced eNOS-activated vasodilation and angiogenesis to prevent re-occlusion at the I/R vessels. Local oxygen therapy increased endothelial oxygenation that inhibited HIF-1α expression, increased ATP generation, and activated cyclin D1 for cell repair. Moreover, a decrease in interstitial H2O2 level reduced the expression of caspase3, NFκB, TNFα, and IL6, thus ameliorating inflammatory responses. O2-MB cavitation showed efficacy in maintaining cardiac function and preventing myocardial fibrosis after I/R. Finally, we present a potential pathway for the modulation of endothelial metabolism by O2-MB cavitation in relation to I/R injury, wound healing, and vascular bioeffects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Ho
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ching Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Huan Wu
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Lun-De Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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15
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Li B, Wang W, Zhao L, Yan D, Li X, Gao Q, Zheng J, Zhou S, Lai S, Feng Y, Zhang J, Jiang H, Long C, Gan W, Chen X, Wang D, Tang BZ, Liao Y. Multifunctional AIE Nanosphere-Based "Nanobomb" for Trimodal Imaging-Guided Photothermal/Photodynamic/Pharmacological Therapy of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infections. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4601-4618. [PMID: 36826229 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Injudicious or inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria, posing a huge menace to global health. Here, a self-assembled aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanosphere (AIE-PEG1000 NPs) that simultaneously possesses near-infrared region II (NIR-II) fluorescence emissive, photothermal, and photodynamic properties is prepared using a multifunctional AIE luminogen (AIE-4COOH). The AIE-PEG1000 NPs were encapsulated with teicoplanin (Tei) and ammonium bicarbonate (AB) into lipid nanovesicles to form a laser-activated "nanobomb" (AIE-Tei@AB NVs) for the multimodal theranostics of drug-resistant bacterial infections. In vivo experiments validate that the "nanobomb" enables high-performance NIR-II fluorescence, infrared thermal, and ultrasound (AB decomposition during the photothermal process to produce numerous CO2/NH3 bubbles, which is an efficient ultrasound contrast agent) imaging of multidrug-resistant bacteria-infected foci after intravenous administration of AIE-Tei@AB NVs followed by 660 nm laser stimulation. The highly efficient photothermal and photodynamic features of AIE-Tei@AB NVs, combined with the excellent pharmacological property of rapidly released Tei during bubble generation and NV disintegration, collectively promote broad-spectrum eradication of three clinically isolated multidrug-resistant bacteria strains and rapid healing of infected wounds. This multimodal imaging-guided synergistic therapeutic strategy can be extended for the theranostics of superbugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingyuan Yan
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuxia Gao
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Judun Zheng
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Sitong Zhou
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Lai
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Jiang
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengmin Long
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjun Gan
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhui Liao
- Department of Burn Surgery & Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
- Center for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
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16
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Kalayeh K, Fowlkes JB, Chen A, Yeras S, Fabiilli ML, Claflin J, Daignault-Newton S, Schultz WW, Sack BS. Pressure Measurement in a Bladder Phantom Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography-A Path to a Catheter-Free Voiding Cystometrogram. Invest Radiol 2023; 58:181-189. [PMID: 36070543 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The long-term goal of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a novel, ultrasound-based technique called subharmonic-aided pressure estimation (SHAPE) to measure bladder pressure as a part of a cystometrogram (CMG) in a urodynamic test (ie, pressure-flow study). SHAPE is based on the principle that subharmonic emissions from ultrasound contrast microbubbles (MBs) decrease linearly with an increase in ambient pressure. We hypothesize that, using the SHAPE technique, we can measure voiding bladder pressure catheter-free. This is of importance because the CMG catheter, due to its space-occupying property and non-physiological effects, can undermine the reliability of the test during voiding and cause misdiagnosis. In this study, we tested this hypothesis and optimized the protocol in a controlled benchtop environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bladder phantom was designed and built, capable of simulating clinically relevant bladder pressures. Laboratory-made lipid-shelled MBs (similar in composition to the commercial agent, DEFINITY) was diluted in 0.9% normal saline and infused into the bladder phantom using the CMG infusion system. A typical simulated CMG consists of 1 filling and 4 post-filling events. During CMG events, the bladder phantom is pressurized multiple times at different clinically relevant levels (small, medium, and large) to simulate bladder pressures. Simultaneous with pressurization, MB subharmonic signal was acquired. For each event, the change in MB subharmonic amplitude was correlated linearly with the change in bladder phantom pressure, and the SHAPE conversion factor (slope of the linear fit) was determined. In doing so, a specific signal processing technique (based on a small temporal window) was used to account for time-decay of MB subharmonic signal during a simulated CMG. RESULTS A strong inverse linear relationship was found to exist between SHAPE and bladder phantom pressures for each of the CMG filling and post-filling events ( r2> 0.9, root mean square error < 0.3 dB, standard error <0.01 dB, and P < 0.001). SHAPE showed a transient behavior in measuring bladder phantom pressure. The SHAPE conversion factor (in dB/cm H 2 O) varied between filling and post-filling events, as well as by post-filling time. The magnitude of the SHAPE conversion factor tended to increase immediately after filling and then decreases with time. CONCLUSIONS Microbubble subharmonic emission is an excellent indicator of bladder phantom pressure variation. The strong correlation between SHAPE signal and bladder phantom pressure is indicative of the applicability of this method in measuring bladder pressure during a CMG. Our results suggest that different SHAPE conversion factors may be needed for different events during a CMG (ie, at different time points of a CMG). These findings will help us better protocolize this method for introduction into human subjects and allow us to take the next step toward developing a catheter-free voiding CMG using SHAPE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amy Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | | | | | | | - William W Schultz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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17
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Pathour T, Chaudhary S, Sirsi SR, Fei B. Hemoglobin Microbubbles and the Prediction of Different Oxygen Levels Using RF Data and Deep Learning. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 12470:124700G. [PMID: 38495411 PMCID: PMC10942652 DOI: 10.1117/12.2655121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound contrast agents (UCA) are gas-encapsulated microspheres that oscillate volumetrically when exposed to an ultrasound field producing backscattered signals efficiently, which can be used for improved ultrasound imaging and drug delivery applications. We developed a novel oxygen-sensitive hemoglobin-shell microbubble designed to acoustically detect blood oxygen levels. We hypothesize that structural change in hemoglobin caused due to varying oxygen levels in the body can lead to mechanical changes in the shell of the UCA. This can produce detectable changes in the acoustic response that can be used for measuring oxygen levels in the body. In this study, we have shown that oxygenated hemoglobin microbubbles can be differentiated from deoxygenated hemoglobin microbubbles using a 1D convolutional neural network using radiofrequency (RF) data. We were able to classify RF data from oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin microbubbles into the two classes with a testing accuracy of 90.15%. The results suggest that oxygen content in hemoglobin affects the acoustical response and may be used for determining oxygen levels and thus could open many applications, including evaluating hypoxic regions in tumors and the brain, among other blood-oxygen-level-dependent imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teja Pathour
- Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Sugandha Chaudhary
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Shashank R. Sirsi
- Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Baowei Fei
- Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Radiology. UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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18
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Zhao X, Wright A, Goertz DE. An optical and acoustic investigation of microbubble cavitation in small channels under therapeutic ultrasound conditions. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 93:106291. [PMID: 36640460 PMCID: PMC9852793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic focused ultrasound in combination with encapsulated microbubbles is being widely investigated for its ability to elicit bioeffects in the microvasculature, such as transient permeabilization for drug delivery or at higher pressures to achieve 'antivascular' effects. While it is well established that the behaviors of microbubbles are altered when they are situated within sufficiently small vessels, there is a paucity of data examining how the bubble population dynamics and emissions change as a function of channel (vessel) diameter over a size range relevant to therapeutic ultrasound, particularly at pressures relevant to antivascular ultrasound. Here we use acoustic emissions detection and high-speed microscopy (10 kframes/s) to examine the behavior of a polydisperse clinically employed agent (Definity®) in wall-less channels as their diameters are scaled from 1200 to 15 µm. Pressures are varied from 0.1 to 3 MPa using either a 5 ms pulse or a sequence of 0.1 ms pulses spaced at 1 ms, both of which have been previously employed in an in vivo context. With increasing pressure, the 1200 µm channel - on the order of small arteries and veins - exhibited inertial cavitation, 1/2 subharmonics and 3/2 ultraharmonics, consistent with numerous previous reports. The 200 and 100 µm channels - in the size range of larger microvessels less affected by therapeutic focused ultrasound - exhibited a distinctly different behavior, having muted development of 1/2 subharmonics and 3/2 ultraharmonics and reduced persistence. These were associated with radiation forces displacing bubbles to the distal wall and inducing clusters that then rapidly dissipated along with emissions. As the diameter transitioned to 50 and then 15 µm - a size regime that is most relevant to therapeutic focused ultrasound - there was a higher threshold for the onset of inertial cavitation as well as subharmonics and ultraharmonics, which importantly had more complex orders that are not normally reported. Clusters also occurred in these channels (e.g. at 3 MPa, the mean lateral and axial sizes were 23 and 72 µm in the 15 µm channel; 50 and 90 µm in the 50 µm channel), however in this case they occupied the entire lumens and displaced the wall boundaries. Damage to the 15 µm channel was observed for both pulse types, but at a lower pressure for the long pulse. Experiments conducted with a 'nanobubble' (<0.45 µm) subpopulation of Definity followed broadly similar features to 'native' Definity, albeit at a higher pressure threshold for inertial cavitation. These results provide new insights into the behavior of microbubbles in small vessels at higher pressures and have implications for therapeutic focused ultrasound cavitation monitoring and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhao
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Alex Wright
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - David E Goertz
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada.
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19
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Kalayeh K, Fowlkes JB, Claflin J, Fabiilli ML, Schultz WW, Sack BS. Ultrasound Contrast Stability for Urinary Bladder Pressure Measurement. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:136-151. [PMID: 36244919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate ultrasound contrast microbubbles (MB) stability during a typical cystometrogram (CMG) for bladder pressure measurement application using the subharmonic-aided pressure estimation technique. A detailed study of MB stability was required given two unique characteristics of this application: first, bulk infusion of MBs into the bladder through the CMG infusion system, and second, duration of a typical CMG which may last up to 30 min. To do so, a series of size measurement and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging studies under different conditions were performed and the effects of variables that we hypothesized have an effect on MB stability, namely, i) IV bag air headspace, ii) MB dilution factor, and iii) CMG infusion system were investigated. The results verified that air volume in intravenous (IV) bag headspace was not enough to have a significant effect on MB stability during a CMG. We also showed that higher MB dosage results in a more stable condition. Finally, the results indicated that the CMG infusion system adversely affects MB stability. In summary, to ensure MB stability during the entire duration of a CMG, lower filling rates (limited by estimated bladder capacity in clinical applications) and/or higher MB dosage (limited by FDA regulations and shadowing artifact) and/or the consideration of alternative catheter design may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Kalayeh
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Jake Claflin
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mario L Fabiilli
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William W Schultz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bryan S Sack
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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20
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Chapla R, Huynh KT, Schutt CE. Microbubble–Nanoparticle Complexes for Ultrasound-Enhanced Cargo Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112396. [PMID: 36365214 PMCID: PMC9698658 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutics to specific tissues is critically important for reducing systemic toxicity and optimizing therapeutic efficacy, especially in the case of cytotoxic drugs. Many strategies currently exist for targeting systemically administered drugs, and ultrasound-controlled targeting is a rapidly advancing strategy for externally-stimulated drug delivery. In this non-invasive method, ultrasound waves penetrate through tissue and stimulate gas-filled microbubbles, resulting in bubble rupture and biophysical effects that power delivery of attached cargo to surrounding cells. Drug delivery capabilities from ultrasound-sensitive microbubbles are greatly expanded when nanocarrier particles are attached to the bubble surface, and cargo loading is determined by the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles. This review serves to highlight and discuss current microbubble–nanoparticle complex component materials and designs for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery. Nanocarriers that have been complexed with microbubbles for drug delivery include lipid-based, polymeric, lipid–polymer hybrid, protein, and inorganic nanoparticles. Several schemes exist for linking nanoparticles to microbubbles for efficient nanoparticle delivery, including biotin–avidin bridging, electrostatic bonding, and covalent linkages. When compared to unstimulated delivery, ultrasound-mediated cargo delivery enables enhanced cell uptake and accumulation of cargo in target organs and can result in improved therapeutic outcomes. These ultrasound-responsive delivery complexes can also be designed to facilitate other methods of targeting, including bioactive targeting ligands and responsivity to light or magnetic fields, and multi-level targeting can enhance therapeutic efficacy. Microbubble–nanoparticle complexes present a versatile platform for controlled drug delivery via ultrasound, allowing for enhanced tissue penetration and minimally invasive therapy. Future perspectives for application of this platform are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Chapla
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Katherine T. Huynh
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Carolyn E. Schutt
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence:
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21
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van den Broek SL, Shalgunov V, Herth MM. Transport of nanomedicines across the blood-brain barrier: Challenges and opportunities for imaging and therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 141:213125. [PMID: 36182833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective and semipermeable border of endothelial cells that prevents toxins and foreign bodies to enter and damage the brain. Unfortunately, the BBB also hampers the development of pharmaceuticals targeting receptors, enzymes, or other proteins that lie beyond this barrier. Especially large molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or nanoparticles, are prevented to enter the brain. The limited passage of these molecules partly explains why nanomedicines - targeting brain diseases - have not made it into the clinic to a great extent. As nanomedicines can target a wide range of targets including protein isoforms and oligomers or potentially deliver cytotoxic drugs safely to their targets, a pathway to smuggle nanomedicines into the brain would allow to treat brain diseases that are currently considered 'undruggable'. In this review, strategies to transport nanomedicines over the BBB will be discussed. Their challenges and opportunities will be highlighted with respect to their use for molecular imaging or therapies. Several strategies have been explored for this thus far. For example, carrier-mediated and receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT), techniques to disrupt the BBB, nasal drug delivery or administering nanomedicines directly into the brain have been explored. RMT has been the most widely and successfully explored strategy. Recent work on the use of focused ultrasound based BBB opening has shown great promise. For example, successful delivery of mAbs into the brain has been achieved, even in a clinical setting. As nanomedicines bear the potential to treat incurable brain diseases, drug delivery technologies that can deliver nanomedicines into the brain will play an essential role for future treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lopes van den Broek
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vladimir Shalgunov
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M Herth
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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22
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Plazonic F, LuTheryn G, Hind C, Clifford M, Gray M, Stride E, Glynne-Jones P, Hill M, Sutton JM, Carugo D. Bactericidal Effect of Ultrasound-Responsive Microbubbles and Sub-inhibitory Gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms on Substrates With Differing Acoustic Impedance. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2022; 48:1888-1898. [PMID: 35798625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to explore the interaction between ultrasound-activated microbubbles (MBs) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, specifically the effects of MB concentration, ultrasound exposure and substrate properties on bactericidal efficacy. Biofilms were grown using a Centre for Disease Control (CDC) bioreactor on polypropylene or stainless-steel coupons as acoustic analogues for soft and hard tissue, respectively. Biofilms were treated with different concentrations of phospholipid-shelled MBs (107-108 MB/mL), a sub-inhibitory concentration of gentamicin (4 µg/mL) and 1-MHz ultrasound with a continuous or pulsed (100-kHz pulse repetition frequency, 25% duty cycle, 0.5-MPa peak-to-peak pressure) wave. The effect of repeated ultrasound exposure with intervals of either 15- or 60-min was also investigated. With polypropylene coupons, the greatest bactericidal effect was achieved with 2 × 5 min of pulsed ultrasound separated by 60 min and a microbubble concentration of 5 × 107 MBs/mL. A 0.76 log (83%) additional reduction in the number of bacteria was achieved compared with the use of an antibiotic alone. With stainless-steel coupons, a 67% (0.46 log) reduction was obtained under the same exposure conditions, possibly due to enhancement of a standing wave field which inhibited MB penetration in the biofilm. These findings demonstrate the importance of treatment parameter selection in antimicrobial applications of MBs and ultrasound in different tissue environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Plazonic
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gareth LuTheryn
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK; National Biofilms Innovation Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Charlotte Hind
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Melanie Clifford
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Michael Gray
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Glynne-Jones
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Martyn Hill
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J Mark Sutton
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK.
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23
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Lin Y, Huang J, Chen Y, Wen Z, Cao Y, Zhang L, Cai T, Yu C, He X. Evaluation of perfluoropropane (C 3F 8)-filled chitosan polyacrylic acid nanobubbles for ultrasound imaging of sentinel lymph nodes and tumors. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6447-6459. [PMID: 36018299 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Accurate sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification is an important prerequisite for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). However, existing SLN mapping techniques, mainly imaging-guided methods, are severely restricted by the high cost of the instruments, harmful radiation or unsatisfactory imaging depths. Herein, we prepared a new ultrasound contrast agent by filling perfluoropropane (C3F8) into chitosan polyacrylic acid nanobubbles for precise SLN identification. The obtained ultrasound contrast agent, coined C3F8-CS-PAA nanobubbles, presents a nanometer size with a diameter of approximately 120 nm. The C3F8-CS-PAA nanobubbles of desirable size are able to enter lymphatic vessels and accumulate in the sentinel lymph node to enhance ultrasound imaging. As a result, the injection of C3F8-CS-PAA nanobubbles can remarkably enhance the ultrasound imaging lymph system, providing image guidance for sentinel lymph node biopsy. Furthermore, it was shown that such C3F8-CS-PAA nanobubbles can effectively permeate into the tumor region via the tumor-enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect to enhance tumor ultrasound imaging for monitoring tumorigenesis. This work highlights a novel nanoscale ultrasound contrast agent for the lymphatic system and tumor imaging, with great promise for subsequent studies and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Ju Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ziwei Wen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Tao Cai
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chaoqun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Xuemei He
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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24
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Kim S, Chughtai K, Brahmbhatt A, Rubens D, Dogra V. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound as a Problem-Solving Modality: Tips and Tricks. Ultrasound Q 2022; 38:103-115. [PMID: 35426378 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) continues to be an ever-growing tool in radiation-free imaging. While it has been widely used in cardiac imaging, CEUS has only recently become an Food and Drug Administration-approved and viable modality for evaluation of abdominal structures. Ultrasound contrast agents are nontoxic, microbubble-based vascular agents and can be used to reliably assess enhancement patterns of various lesions in real time. In particular, it's non nephrotoxic nature makes CEUS a particularly important tool in renal failure patients requiring serial follow-up. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the utility of CEUS agents, imaging techniques, comparison with traditional cross-sectional imaging modalities, and its application in diagnosing kidney and liver lesions. This pictorial review is illustrated with cases of renal and hepatic lesions that the practicing radiologist should become familiar with as CEUS becomes increasingly popular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Kim
- Department of Imaging Sciences, Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, NY
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25
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Nanotheranostics for Image-Guided Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050917. [PMID: 35631503 PMCID: PMC9144228 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Image-guided nanotheranostics have the potential to represent a new paradigm in the treatment of cancer. Recent developments in modern imaging and nanoparticle design offer an answer to many of the issues associated with conventional chemotherapy, including their indiscriminate side effects and susceptibility to drug resistance. Imaging is one of the tools best poised to enable tailoring of cancer therapies. The field of image-guided nanotheranostics has the potential to harness the precision of modern imaging techniques and use this to direct, dictate, and follow site-specific drug delivery, all of which can be used to further tailor cancer therapies on both the individual and population level. The use of image-guided drug delivery has exploded in preclinical and clinical trials although the clinical translation is incipient. This review will focus on traditional mechanisms of targeted drug delivery in cancer, including the use of molecular targeting, as well as the foundations of designing nanotheranostics, with a focus on current clinical applications of nanotheranostics in cancer. A variety of specially engineered and targeted drug carriers, along with strategies of labeling nanoparticles to endow detectability in different imaging modalities will be reviewed. It will also introduce newer concepts of image-guided drug delivery, which may circumvent many of the issues seen with other techniques. Finally, we will review the current barriers to clinical translation of image-guided nanotheranostics and how these may be overcome.
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26
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Kim J, Lowerison MR, Sekaran NVC, Kou Z, Dong Z, Oelze ML, Llano DA, Song P. Improved Ultrasound Localization Microscopy Based on Microbubble Uncoupling via Transmit Excitation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2022; 69:1041-1052. [PMID: 35041599 PMCID: PMC8940524 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2022.3143864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) demonstrates great potential for visualization of tissue microvasculature at depth with high spatial resolution. The success of ULM heavily depends on robust localization of isolated microbubbles (MBs), which can be challenging in vivo especially within larger vessels where MBs can overlap and cluster close together. While MB dilution alleviates the issue of MB overlap to a certain extent, it drastically increases the data acquisition time needed for MBs to populate the microvasculature, which is already on the order of several minutes using recommended MB concentrations. Inspired by optical super-resolution imaging based on stimulated emission depletion (STED), here we propose a novel ULM imaging sequence based on MB uncoupling via transmit excitation (MUTE). MUTE "silences" MB signals by creating acoustic nulls to facilitate MB separation, which leads to robust localization of MBs especially under high concentrations. The efficiency of localization accomplished via the proposed technique was first evaluated in simulation studies with conventional ULM as a benchmark. Then, an in-vivo study based on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryos showed that MUTE could reduce the data acquisition time by half, thanks to the enhanced MB separation and localization. Finally, the performance of MUTE was validated in an in vivo mouse brain study. These results demonstrate the high MB localization efficacy of MUTE-ULM, which contributes to a reduced data acquisition time and improved temporal resolution for ULM.
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27
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Evaluation of Liposome-Loaded Microbubbles as a Theranostic Tool in a Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis Model. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe inflammation of the synovial tissue. Here, we assess the feasibility of liposome-loaded microbubbles as theranostic agents in a murine arthritis model. First, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was used to quantify neovascularization in this model since CEUS is well-established for RA diagnosis in humans. Next, the potential of liposome-loaded microbubbles and ultrasound (US) to selectively enhance liposome delivery to the synovium was evaluated with in vivo fluorescence imaging. This procedure is made very challenging by the presence of hard joints and by the limited lifetime of the microbubbles. The inflamed knee joints were exposed to therapeutic US after intravenous injection of liposome-loaded microbubbles. Loaded microbubbles were found to be quickly captured by the liver. This resulted in fast clearance of attached liposomes while free and long-circulating liposomes were able to accumulate over time in the inflamed joints. Our observations show that murine arthritis models are not well-suited for evaluating the potential of microbubble-mediated drug delivery in joints given: (i) restricted microbubble passage in murine synovial vasculature and (ii) limited control over the exact ultrasound conditions in situ given the much shorter length scale of the murine joints as compared to the therapeutic wavelength.
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28
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Kikuchi Y, Kanagawa T, Ayukai T. Physico-mathematical model for multiple ultrasound-contrast-agent microbubbles encapsulated by a visco-elastic shell: Effect of shell compressibility on ultrasound attenuation. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Pathour T, Akter N, Dormer JD, Chaudhary S, Fei B, Sirsi S. Identifying Unique Acoustic Signatures from Chemically-Crosslinked Microbubble Clusters Using Deep Learning. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 12038:120380K. [PMID: 36793945 PMCID: PMC9928530 DOI: 10.1117/12.2611572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound contrast agents (UCA) are gas encapsulated microspheres that oscillate volumetrically when exposed to an ultrasound field producing a backscattered signal which can be used for improved ultrasound imaging and drug delivery. UCA's are being used widely for contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging, but there is a need for improved UCAs to develop faster and more accurate contrast agent detection algorithms. Recently, we introduced a new class of lipid based UCAs called Chemically Cross-linked Microbubble Clusters (CCMCs). CCMCs are formed by the physical tethering of individual lipid microbubbles into a larger aggregate cluster. The advantages of these novel CCMCs are their ability to fuse together when exposed to low intensity pulsed ultrasound (US), potentially generating unique acoustic signatures that can enable better contrast agent detection. In this study, our main objective is to demonstrate that the acoustic response of CCMCs is unique and distinct when compared to individual UCAs using deep learning algorithms. Acoustic characterization of CCMCs and individual bubbles was performed using a broadband hydrophone or a clinical transducer attached to a Verasonics Vantage 256. A simple artificial neural network (ANN) was trained and used to classify raw 1D RF ultrasound data as either from CCMC or non-tethered individual bubble populations of UCAs. The ANN was able to classify CCMCs at an accuracy of 93.8% for data collected from broadband hydrophone and 90% for data collected using Verasonics with a clinical transducer. The results obtained suggest the acoustic response of CCMCs is unique and has the potential to be used in developing a novel contrast agent detection technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teja Pathour
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
| | - Nasrin Akter
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
| | - James D. Dormer
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
- Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
| | | | - Baowei Fei
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
- Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Shashank Sirsi
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
- Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, The University of Texas at Dallas, TX
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30
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Wegierak D, Fishbein G, Abenojar E, De Leon A, Zhu J, Wang Y, Ferworn C, Exner AA, Kolios MC. Effects of shell-integrated Sudan Black dye on the acoustic activity and ultrasound imaging properties of lipid-shelled nanoscale ultrasound contrast agents. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:016501. [PMID: 35064656 PMCID: PMC8781525 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.1.016501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE An effective contrast agent for concurrent multimodal photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasound (US) imaging must have both high optical absorption and high echogenicity. Integrating a highly absorbing dye into the lipid shell of gas core nanobubbles (NBs) adds PA contrast to existing US contrast agents but may impact agent ultrasonic response. AIM We report on the development and ultrasonic characterization of lipid-shell stabilized C3F8 NBs with integrated Sudan Black (SB) B dye in the shell as dual-modal PA-US contrast agents. APPROACH Perfluoropropane NBs stabilized with a lipid shell including increasing concentrations of SB B dye were formulated by amalgamation (SBNBs). Physical properties of SBNBs were characterized using resonant mass measurement, transmission electron microscopy and pendant drop tensiometry. Concentrated bubble solutions were imaged for 8 min to assess signal decay. Diluted bubble solutions were stimulated by a focused transducer to determine the response of individual NBs to long cycle (30 cycle) US. For assessment of simultaneous multimodal contrast, bulk populations of SBNBs were imaged using a PA and US imaging platform. RESULTS We produced high agent yield (∼1011) with a mean diameter of ∼200 to 300 nm depending on SB loading. A 40% decrease in bubble yield was measured for solutions with 0.3 and 0.4 mg / ml SB. The addition of SB to the shell did not substantially affect NB size despite an increase in surface tension by up to 8 mN / m. The bubble decay rate increased after prolonged exposure (8 min) by dyed bubbles in comparison to their undyed counterparts (2.5-fold). SB in bubble shells increased gas exchange across the shell for long cycle US. PA imaging of these agents showed an increase in power (up to 10 dB) with increasing dye. CONCLUSIONS We added PA contrast function to NBs. The addition of SB increased gas exchange across the NB shell. This has important implications in their use as multimodal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Wegierak
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, United States
| | - Grace Fishbein
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric Abenojar
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Radiology, Cleveland, United States
| | - Al De Leon
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Radiology, Cleveland, United States
| | - Jinle Zhu
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Radiology, Cleveland, United States
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Charlotte Ferworn
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Agata A. Exner
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, United States
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Radiology, Cleveland, United States
| | - Michael C. Kolios
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
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31
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Durham PG, Dayton PA. Applications of sub-micron low-boiling point phase change contrast agents for ultrasound imaging and therapy. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Ultrasound contrast agents: microbubbles made simple for the pediatric radiologist. Pediatr Radiol 2021; 51:2117-2127. [PMID: 34117892 PMCID: PMC9288183 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-021-05080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to provide prompt, real-time, easily accessible and radiation-free diagnostic assessments makes ultrasound (US) one of the most versatile imaging modalities. The introduction and development of stable microbubble-based ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) in the early 1990s improved visualization of complex vascular structures, overcoming some of the limitations of B-mode and Doppler imaging. UCAs have been used extensively in the adult population to visualize vasculature and to evaluate perfusion and blood flow dynamics in organs and lesions. Since the first observations that air bubbles within a liquid can generate a strong echogenic effect, to the early makeshift approaches with agitated saline, and later to the development of industrially produced and federally approved UCAs, these agents have evolved to become both clinically and commercially viable. Perhaps the most exciting potential of UCAs is being uncovered by current research that explores the use of these agents for molecular imaging and therapeutic applications. As contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) becomes more widely available, it is important for pediatric radiologists to understand the physics of the interaction between the US signal and the microbubbles in order to properly utilize them for the highest level of diagnostic imaging and interventions. In this article we introduce the composition of UCAs and the physics of their behavior in US, and we offer a brief history of their development over the last decades.
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33
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Ye Y, Liang Y, Dong C, Bu Z, Li G, Zheng Y. Numerical modeling of ultrasonic cavitation by dividing coated microbubbles into groups. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 78:105736. [PMID: 34500314 PMCID: PMC8430393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous cavitation models usually use an average radius to predict the dynamics of all bubbles. However, bubbles with different sizes may have quite different dynamic characteristics. In this study, the bubbles are divided into several groups by size, and the volume-weighted average radius is used to separately calculate the dynamics of each group using a modified bubble dynamics equation. In the validation part, the oscillations of bubbles with two sizes are simulated by dividing them into 2 groups. Comparing with the predictions by the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, the bubble dynamics of each size are precisely predicted by the proposed model. Then coated microbubbles with numerous sizes are divided into several groups in equal quantity, and the influence of the group number is analyzed. For bubble oscillations at f = 0.1 MHz and 1 MHz without ruptures, the oscillation amplitude is obviously under-estimated by the 1-group model, while they are close to each other after the group number increases to 9. For bubble ruptures triggered by Gaussian pulses, the predictions are close to each other when more than 5 groups are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Ye
- Department of Energy and Environment System Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yangyang Liang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Cong Dong
- Department of Energy and Environment System Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Zhongming Bu
- Department of Energy and Environment System Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Guoneng Li
- Department of Energy and Environment System Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Youqu Zheng
- Department of Energy and Environment System Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Gümmer J, Schenke S, Denner F. Modelling Lipid-Coated Microbubbles in Focused Ultrasound Applications at Subresonance Frequencies. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:2958-2979. [PMID: 34344560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a computational study of the behaviour of a lipid-coated SonoVue microbubble with initial radius 1 µm ≤ R0 ≤ 2 µm, excited at frequencies (200-1500 kHz) significantly below the linear resonance frequency and pressure amplitudes of up to 1500 kPa-an excitation regime used in many applications of focused ultrasound. The bubble dynamics are simulated using the Rayleigh-Plesset equation and the Gilmore equation, in conjunction with the Marmottant model for the lipid monolayer coating. Also, a new continuously differentiable variant of the Marmottant model is introduced. Below the onset of inertial cavitation, a linear regime is identified in which the maximum pressure at the bubble wall is linearly proportional to the excitation pressure amplitude and the mechanical index. This linear regime is bounded by the Blake pressure, and, in line with recent in vitro experiments, the onset of inertial cavitation is found to occur at an excitation pressure amplitude of approximately 130-190 kPa, depending on the initial bubble size. In the nonlinear regime the maximum pressure at the bubble wall is found to be readily predicted by the maximum bubble radius, and both the Rayleigh-Plesset and Gilmore equations are shown to predict the onset of sub- and ultraharmonic frequencies of the acoustic emissions compared with in vitro experiments. Neither the surface dilational viscosity of the lipid monolayer nor the compressibility of the liquid has a discernible influence on the quantities studied, but accounting for the lipid coating is critical for accurate prediction of the bubble behaviour. The Gilmore equation is shown to be valid for the bubbles and excitation regime considered, and the Rayleigh-Plesset equation also provides accurate qualitative predictions, even though it is outside its range of validity for many of the cases considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Gümmer
- Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sören Schenke
- Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Denner
- Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Maksimova EA, Barmin RA, Rudakovskaya PG, Sindeeva OA, Prikhozhdenko ES, Yashchenok AM, Khlebtsov BN, Solovev AA, Huang G, Mei Y, Kanti Dey K, Gorin DA. Air-Filled Microbubbles Based on Albumin Functionalized with Gold Nanocages and Zinc Phthalocyanine for Multimodal Imaging. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1161. [PMID: 34683212 PMCID: PMC8537308 DOI: 10.3390/mi12101161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbubbles are intravascular contrast agents clinically used in diagnostic sonography, echocardiography, and radiology imaging applications. However, up to date, the idea of creating microbubbles with multiple functionalities (e.g., multimodal imaging, photodynamic therapy) remained a challenge. One possible solution is the modification of bubble shells by introducing specific compounds responsible for such functions. In the present work, air-core microbubbles with the shell consisting of bovine serum albumin, albumin-coated gold nanocages, and zinc phthalocyanine were prepared using the sonication method. Various physicochemical parameters such as stability over time, size, and concentration were investigated to prove the potential use of these microbubbles as contrast agents. This work shows that hybrid microbubbles have all the necessary properties for multimodal imaging (ultrasound, raster-scanning microscopy, and fluorescence tomography), which demonstrate superior characteristics for potential theranostic and related biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta A Maksimova
- Center for Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A Barmin
- Center for Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina G Rudakovskaya
- Center for Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Sindeeva
- Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexey M Yashchenok
- Center for Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris N Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | | | - Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Krishna Kanti Dey
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Center for Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
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36
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Ho YJ, Huang CC, Fan CH, Liu HL, Yeh CK. Ultrasonic technologies in imaging and drug delivery. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6119-6141. [PMID: 34297166 PMCID: PMC11072106 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonic technologies show great promise for diagnostic imaging and drug delivery in theranostic applications. The development of functional and molecular ultrasound imaging is based on the technical breakthrough of high frame-rate ultrasound. The evolution of shear wave elastography, high-frequency ultrasound imaging, ultrasound contrast imaging, and super-resolution blood flow imaging are described in this review. Recently, the therapeutic potential of the interaction of ultrasound with microbubble cavitation or droplet vaporization has become recognized. Microbubbles and phase-change droplets not only provide effective contrast media, but also show great therapeutic potential. Interaction with ultrasound induces unique and distinguishable biophysical features in microbubbles and droplets that promote drug loading and delivery. In particular, this approach demonstrates potential for central nervous system applications. Here, we systemically review the technological developments of theranostic ultrasound including novel ultrasound imaging techniques, the synergetic use of ultrasound with microbubbles and droplets, and microbubble/droplet drug-loading strategies for anticancer applications and disease modulation. These advancements have transformed ultrasound from a purely diagnostic utility into a promising theranostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Li Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Tehrani Fateh S, Moradi L, Kohan E, Hamblin MR, Shiralizadeh Dezfuli A. Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:808-862. [PMID: 34476167 PMCID: PMC8372309 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of theranostics has been rapidly growing in recent years and nanotechnology has played a major role in this growth. Nanomaterials can be constructed to respond to a variety of different stimuli which can be internal (enzyme activity, redox potential, pH changes, temperature changes) or external (light, heat, magnetic fields, ultrasound). Theranostic nanomaterials can respond by producing an imaging signal and/or a therapeutic effect, which frequently involves cell death. Since ultrasound (US) is already well established as a clinical imaging modality, it is attractive to combine it with rationally designed nanoparticles for theranostics. The mechanisms of US interactions include cavitation microbubbles (MBs), acoustic droplet vaporization, acoustic radiation force, localized thermal effects, reactive oxygen species generation, sonoluminescence, and sonoporation. These effects can result in the release of encapsulated drugs or genes at the site of interest as well as cell death and considerable image enhancement. The present review discusses US-responsive theranostic nanomaterials under the following categories: MBs, micelles, liposomes (conventional and echogenic), niosomes, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, chitosan nanocapsules, dendrimers, hydrogels, nanogels, gold nanoparticles, titania nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, fuel-free nano/micromotors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepand Tehrani Fateh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lida Moradi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Kohan
- Department of Science, University of Kurdistan, Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
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Krafft MP, Riess JG. Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102407. [PMID: 34120037 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
After the protocol-related indecisive clinical trial of Oxygent, a perfluorooctylbromide/phospholipid nanoemulsion, in cardiac surgery, that often unduly assigned the observed untoward effects to the product, the development of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based O2 nanoemulsions ("blood substitutes") has come to a low. Yet, significant further demonstrations of PFC O2-delivery efficacy have continuously been reported, such as relief of hypoxia after myocardial infarction or stroke; protection of vital organs during surgery; potentiation of O2-dependent cancer therapies, including radio-, photodynamic-, chemo- and immunotherapies; regeneration of damaged nerve, bone or cartilage; preservation of organ grafts destined for transplantation; and control of gas supply in tissue engineering and biotechnological productions. PFC colloids capable of augmenting O2 delivery include primarily injectable PFC nanoemulsions, microbubbles and phase-shift nanoemulsions. Careful selection of PFC and other colloid components is critical. The basics of O2 delivery by PFC nanoemulsions will be briefly reminded. Improved knowledge of O2 delivery mechanisms has been acquired. Advanced, size-adjustable O2-delivering nanoemulsions have been designed that have extended room-temperature shelf-stability. Alternate O2 delivery options are being investigated that rely on injectable PFC-stabilized microbubbles or phase-shift PFC nanoemulsions. The latter combine prolonged circulation in the vasculature, capacity for penetrating tumor tissues, and acute responsiveness to ultrasound and other external stimuli. Progress in microbubble and phase-shift emulsion engineering, control of phase-shift activation (vaporization), understanding and control of bubble/ultrasound/tissue interactions is discussed. Control of the phase-shift event and of microbubble size require utmost attention. Further PFC-based colloidal systems, including polymeric micelles, PFC-loaded organic or inorganic nanoparticles and scaffolds, have been devised that also carry substantial amounts of O2. Local, on-demand O2 delivery can be triggered by external stimuli, including focused ultrasound irradiation or tumor microenvironment. PFC colloid functionalization and targeting can help adjust their properties for specific indications, augment their efficacy, improve safety profiles, and expand the range of their indications. Many new medical and biotechnological applications involving fluorinated colloids are being assessed, including in the clinic. Further uses of PFC-based colloidal nanotherapeutics will be briefly mentioned that concern contrast diagnostic imaging, including molecular imaging and immune cell tracking; controlled delivery of therapeutic energy, as for noninvasive surgical ablation and sonothrombolysis; and delivery of drugs and genes, including across the blood-brain barrier. Even when the fluorinated colloids investigated are designed for other purposes than O2 supply, they will inevitably also carry and deliver a certain amount of O2, and may thus be considered for O2 delivery or co-delivery applications. Conversely, O2-carrying PFC nanoemulsions possess by nature a unique aptitude for 19F MR imaging, and hence, cell tracking, while PFC-stabilized microbubbles are ideal resonators for ultrasound contrast imaging and can undergo precise manipulation and on-demand destruction by ultrasound waves, thereby opening multiple theranostic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pierre Krafft
- University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jean G Riess
- Harangoutte Institute, 68160 Ste Croix-aux-Mines, France
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Abstract
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a safe adjunct tool for liver imaging and can be an alternative to computed tomography or MR imaging. CEUS has a proven track record in guiding management for patients with chronic liver disease who need further evaluation of focal liver lesions. CEUS is a dynamic examination with high temporal and spatial resolution. CEUS uses a pure blood pool contrast agent that allows for a unique evaluation of the perfusion kinetics of a region of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Spann
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, E6-230-BF, Dallas, TX 75390-9316, USA
| | - David T Fetzer
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, E6-230-BF, Dallas, TX 75390-9316, USA.
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40
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Wu H, Zhou Y, Xu L, Tong L, Wang Y, Liu B, Yan H, Sun Z. Mapping Knowledge Structure and Research Frontiers of Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Opening: A Scientometric Study. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:706105. [PMID: 34335175 PMCID: PMC8316975 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.706105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Among the effective approaches developed for blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening, ultrasound is recognized as a non-invasive technique that can induce localized BBB opening transiently and repeatedly. This technique has aroused broad attention from researchers worldwide, and numerous articles have been published recently. However, no existing study has systematically examined this field from a scientometric perspective. The aim of this study was to summarize the knowledge structure and identify emerging trends and potential hotspots in this field. Methods: Publications related to ultrasound-induced BBB opening published from 1998 to 2020 were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection. The search strategies were as follows: topic: ("blood brain barrier" OR "BBB") AND topic: (ultrasound OR ultrason* OR acoustic* OR sonopora*). The document type was set to articles or reviews with language restriction to English. Three different analysis tools including one online platform, VOS viewer1.6.16, and CiteSpace V5.7.R2 software were used to conduct this scientometric study. Results: A total of 1,201 valid records were included in the final analysis. The majority of scientific publication was produced by authors from North America, Eastern Asia, and Western Europe. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology was the most prominent journal. The USA, China, and Canada were the most productive countries. Hynynen K, and Mcdannold N were key researchers with considerable academic influence. According to analysis of keywords, four main research directions were identified: cluster 1 (microbubbles study), cluster 2 (management of intracranial tumors), cluster 3 (ultrasound parameters and mechanisms study), and cluster 4 (treatment of neurodegenerative diseases). The current research hotspot has shifted from the basic research of ultrasound and microbubbles to management of intracranial tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. Burst detection analysis showed that Parkinson's disease, doxorubicin, gold nanoparticle, glioblastoma, gene therapy, and Alzheimer's disease may continue to be the research frontiers. Conclusion: Ultrasound-induced BBB opening research is in a period of robust development. This study is a starting point, providing a comprehensive overview, development landscape, and future opportunities of this technology, which standout as a useful reference for researchers and decision makers interested in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wu
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Linjian Tong
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiming Sun
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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41
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Anderson CD, Walton CB, Shohet RV. A Comparison of Focused and Unfocused Ultrasound for Microbubble-Mediated Gene Delivery. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:1785-1800. [PMID: 33812691 PMCID: PMC8169610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We compared focused and unfocused ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) for delivery of reporter plasmids to the liver and heart in mice. Optimal hepatic expression was seen with double-depth targeting at 5 and 13 mm in vivo, incorporating a low pulse repetition frequency and short pulse duration. Reporter expression was similar, but the transfection patterns were distinct, with intense foci of transfection using focused UTMD (F-UTMD). We then compared both approaches for cardiac delivery and found 10-fold stronger levels of reporter expression for F-UTMD and observed small areas of intense luciferase expression in the left ventricle. Non-linear contrast imaging of the liver before and after insonation also showed a substantially greater change in signal intensity for F-UTMD, suggesting distinct cavitation mechanisms for both approaches. Overall, similar levels of hepatic transgene expression were observed, but cardiac-directed F-UTMD was substantially more effective. Focused ultrasound presents a new frontier in UTMD-directed gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia D Anderson
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Chad B Walton
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Ralph V Shohet
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
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42
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Shi J, Fu C, Su X, Feng S, Wang S. Ultrasound-Stimulated Microbubbles Inhibit Aggressive Phenotypes and Promotes Radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3000-3013. [PMID: 34180353 PMCID: PMC8806926 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1931641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) is reported to improve the delivery efficiency of drugs loading onto large nanoparticles due to the sonoporation effect. Microbubbles (MBs) can be used as contrast agents of US expanding and contracting under low-amplitude US pressure waves. Ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMBs) therapy is a promising option for the treatment of various cancers as a radiosensitizer. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. In our study, human ESCC cell lines (KYSE-410, KYSE-1140) were treated with radiation solely, US alone, or radiation in combination with US or USMBs. The migration and invasion abilities of ESCC cells were examined by wound healing and Transwell assays. ESCC cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry analysis and TUNEL assays. The levels of proteins associated with cell apoptosis and angiogenesis were measured by western blot analysis. A tube formation assay was performed to detect the ESCC cell angiogenesis. We found that USMBs at high levels most effectively most efficiently enhanced the effect of radiation, and significant changes in the viability (48%-51%), proliferation (1%), migration (63%-71%), invasion (52%) and cell apoptosis (31%-50%) of ESCC cells were observed compared with the control group in vitro. The ESCC angiogenesis was inhibited by US or radiation treatment and further inhibited by a combination of radiation and US or USMBs. USMBs at high levels most effectively enhanced the inhibitory effect of radiotherapy on ESCC cell apoptosis. Overall, USMBs enhanced the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.Graphical abstractUSMBs treatment enhanced the anti-tumor effect of radiation on ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and apoptosis in vitro.1USMBs enhance the radiation-induced inhibition on ESCC cell growth2USMBs promote the radiation effect on ESCC cell apoptosis3USMBs enhance radiation-caused suppression on ESCC cell migration and invasion4USMBs enhance the suppression of radiation on ESCC angiogenesis[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenchun Fu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyu Su
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shicheng Feng
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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43
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Ma Y, Zhao F. Nonlinear oscillation and acoustic scattering of bubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 74:105573. [PMID: 33940397 PMCID: PMC8105682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The scattered acoustic pressure and scattered cross section of bubbles is studied using the scattered theory of bubbles. The nonlinear oscillations of bubbles and the scattering acoustic fields of a spherical bubble cluster are numerically simulated based on the bubble dynamic and fluid dynamic. The influences of the interaction between bubbles on scattering acoustic field of bubbles are researched. The results of numerical simulation show that the oscillation phases of bubbles are delayed to a certain extent at different positions in the bubble cluster, but the radii of bubbles during oscillation do not differ too much at different positions. Furthermore, directivity of the acoustic scattering of bubbles is obvious. The scattered acoustic pressures of bubbles are different at the different positions inside and outside of the bubble cluster. The scattering acoustic fields of a spherical bubble cluster depend on the driving pressure amplitude, driving frequency, the equilibrium radii of bubbles, bubble number and the radius of the spherical bubble cluster. These theoretical predictions provide a further understanding of physics behind ultrasonic technique and should be useful for guiding ultrasonic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Nanostructure and Functional Materials, Ning Xia Normal University, Gu Yuan 756000, China
| | - Feiyan Zhao
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Nanostructure and Functional Materials, Ning Xia Normal University, Gu Yuan 756000, China
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44
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Mujtaba J, Liu J, Dey KK, Li T, Chakraborty R, Xu K, Makarov D, Barmin RA, Gorin DA, Tolstoy VP, Huang G, Solovev AA, Mei Y. Micro-Bio-Chemo-Mechanical-Systems: Micromotors, Microfluidics, and Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007465. [PMID: 33893682 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wireless nano-/micromotors powered by chemical reactions and/or external fields generate motive forces, perform tasks, and significantly extend short-range dynamic responses of passive biomedical microcarriers. However, before micromotors can be translated into clinical use, several major problems, including the biocompatibility of materials, the toxicity of chemical fuels, and deep tissue imaging methods, must be solved. Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (e.g., catalase, oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase), that is, nanozymes, can significantly expand the scope of micromotors' chemical fuels. A convergence of nanozymes, micromotors, and microfluidics can lead to a paradigm shift in the fabrication of multifunctional micromotors in reasonable quantities, encapsulation of desired subsystems, and engineering of FDA-approved core-shell structures with tuneable biological, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Microfluidic methods are used to prepare stable bubbles/microbubbles and capsules integrating ultrasound, optoacoustic, fluorescent, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities. The aim here is to discuss an interdisciplinary approach of three independent emerging topics: micromotors, nanozymes, and microfluidics to creatively: 1) embrace new ideas, 2) think across boundaries, and 3) solve problems whose solutions are beyond the scope of a single discipline toward the development of micro-bio-chemo-mechanical-systems for diverse bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawayria Mujtaba
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jinrun Liu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Krishna K Dey
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Tianlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Rik Chakraborty
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Kailiang Xu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Denys Makarov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roman A Barmin
- Center of Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Center of Photonics and Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya Str, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Valeri P Tolstoy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, Petergof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Alexander A Solovev
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Deprez J, Lajoinie G, Engelen Y, De Smedt SC, Lentacker I. Opening doors with ultrasound and microbubbles: Beating biological barriers to promote drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:9-36. [PMID: 33705877 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Apart from its clinical use in imaging, ultrasound has been thoroughly investigated as a tool to enhance drug delivery in a wide variety of applications. Therapeutic ultrasound, as such or combined with cavitating nuclei or microbubbles, has been explored to cross or permeabilize different biological barriers. This ability to access otherwise impermeable tissues in the body makes the combination of ultrasound and therapeutics very appealing to enhance drug delivery in situ. This review gives an overview of the most important biological barriers that can be tackled using ultrasound and aims to provide insight on how ultrasound has shown to improve accessibility as well as the biggest hurdles. In addition, we discuss the clinical applicability of therapeutic ultrasound with respect to the main challenges that must be addressed to enable the further progression of therapeutic ultrasound towards an effective, safe and easy-to-use treatment tailored for drug delivery in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Deprez
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - G Lajoinie
- Physics of Fluids Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Y Engelen
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - S C De Smedt
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
| | - I Lentacker
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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46
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Improving Release of Liposome-Encapsulated Drugs with Focused Ultrasound and Vaporizable Droplet-Liposome Nanoclusters. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050609. [PMID: 33922219 PMCID: PMC8145150 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Active targeted delivery of small molecule drugs is becoming increasingly important in personalized therapies, especially in cancer, brain disorders, and a wide variety of other diseases. However, effective means of spatial targeting and delivering high drug payloads in vivo are still lacking. Focused ultrasound combined with superheated phase-shift nanodroplets, which vaporize into microbubbles using heat and sound, are rapidly becoming a popular strategy for targeted drug delivery. Focused ultrasound can target deep tissue with excellent spatial precision and without using ionizing energy, thus can activate nanodroplets in circulation. One of the main limitations of this technology has been poor drug loading in the droplet core or the shell material. To address this need, we have developed a strategy to combine low-boiling point decafluorabutane and octafluoropropane (DFB and OFP) nanodroplets with drug-loaded liposomes, creating phase-changeable droplet-liposome clusters (PDLCs). We demonstrate a facile method of assembling submicron PDLCs with high drug-loading capacity on the droplet surface. Furthermore, we demonstrate that chemical tethering of liposomes in PDLCs enables a rapid release of their encapsulated cargo upon acoustic activation (>60% using OFP-based PDLCs). Rapid uncaging of small molecule drugs would make them immediately bioavailable in target tissue or promote better penetration in local tissue following intravascular release. PDLCs developed in this study can be used to deliver a wide variety of liposome-encapsulated therapeutics or imaging agents for multi-modal imaging applications. We also outline a strategy to deliver a surrogate encapsulated drug, fluorescein, to tumors in vivo using focused ultrasound energy and PDLCs.
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Qiu S, Li D, Wang Y, Xiu J, Lyu C, Kutty S, Zha D, Wu J. Ultrasound-Mediated Microbubble Cavitation Transiently Reverses Acute Hindlimb Tissue Ischemia through Augmentation of Microcirculation Perfusion via the eNOS/NO Pathway. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:1014-1023. [PMID: 33487472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation improves perfusion in chronic limb and myocardial ischemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation in acute limb ischemia and investigate the mechanism of action. The animal with acute hindlimb ischemia was established using male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: intermittent high-mechanical-index ultrasound pulses combined with microbubbles (ultrasound [US] + MB group), US alone (US group) and MB alone (MB group). Both hindlimbs were treated for 10 min. Contrast ultrasound perfusion imaging of both hindlimbs was performed immediately and 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min after treatment. The role of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway in increasing blood flow in acutely ischemic tissue was evaluated by inhibiting endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME). In the US + MB group, microvascular blood volume and microvascular blood flow of the ischemic hindlimb were significantly increased after treatment (both p values <0.05), while the microvascular flux rate (β) increased, but not significantly (p > 0.05). The increases were observed immediately after treatment, and had dissipated by 25 min. Changes in the US and MB groups were minimal. Inhibitory studies indicated cavitation increased phospho-eNOS concentration in ischemic hindlimb muscle tissue, and the increase was significantly inhibited by L-NAME (p < 0.05). Ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation transiently increases local perfusion in acutely ischemic tissue, mainly by improving microcirculatory perfusion. The eNOS/NO signaling pathway appears to be an important mediator of the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuegang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuangye Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shelby Kutty
- Helen B. Taussig Heart Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital and School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daogang Zha
- Department of General Practice, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juefei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li Y, Tan C, Yan B, Han T, Yu ACH, Qin P. Evaluation of the properties of daughter bubbles generated by inertial cavitation of preformed microbubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 72:105400. [PMID: 33341072 PMCID: PMC7803680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inertial cavitation (IC) of the preformed microbubbles is being investigated for ultrasound imaging and therapeutic applications. However, microbubbles rupture during IC, creating smaller daughter bubbles (DBs), which may cause undesired bioeffects in the target region. Thus, it is important to determine the properties of DBs to achieve controllable cavitation activity for applications. In this study, we theoretically calculated the dissolution dynamics of sulfur hexafluoride bubbles. Then, we applied a 1-MHz single tone burst with different peak negative pressures (PNPs) and pulse lengths (PLs), and multiple 5-MHz tone bursts with fixed acoustic conditions to elicit IC of the preformed SonoVue microbubbles and scattering of DBs, respectively. After the IC and scattering signals were received by a 7.5-MHz transducer, time- and frequency-domain analysis was performed to obtain the IC dose and scattering intensity curve. The theoretical dissolution curves and measured scattering intensity curves were combined to determine the effect of the incident pulse parameters on the lifetime, mean radius and distribution range of DBs. Increased PNP reduced the lifetime and mean size of the DBs population and narrowed the size distribution. The proportion of small DBs (less than resonance size) increased from 36.83% to 85.98% with an increase in the PNP from 0.6 to 1.6 MPa. Moreover, increased PL caused a shift of the DB population to the smaller bubbles with shorter lifetime and narrower distribution. The proportion of small bubbles increased from 25.74% to 95.08% as the PL was increased from 5 to 100 µs. Finally, increased IC dose caused a smaller mean size, shorter lifetime and narrower distribution in the DB population. These results provide new insight into the relationship between the incident acoustic parameters and the properties of DBs, and a feasible strategy for achieving controllable cavitation activity in applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglin Li
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunjie Tan
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Alfred C H Yu
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Peng Qin
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Li L, Tong T, Ji Q, Xu Z, Guan Y, Liang X, Huang H, Kang Y, Pang J. Dual pH- and Glutathione-Responsive CO 2-Generating Nanodrug Delivery System for Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography and Therapy of Prostate Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12899-12911. [PMID: 33720701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonography (US) contrast imaging using US contrast agents has been widely applied for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of tumors. Commercial US contrast agents have limited applications because of their large size and shorter imaging time. At the same time, the desired therapeutic purpose cannot be achieved by applying only conventional US contrast agents. The development of nanoscale US agents with US imaging and therapeutic functions has attracted increasing attention. In this study, we successfully developed DOX-loaded poly-1,6-hexanedithiol-sodium bicarbonate nanoparticles (DOX@HADT-SS-NaHCO3 NPs) with pH-responsive NaHCO3 and GSH-responsive disulfide linkages. DOX@HADT-SS-NaHCO3 NPs underwent acid-triggered decomposition of NaHCO3 to generate CO2 bubbles and a reduction of disulfide linkages to further promote the release of CO2 and DOX. The potential of DOX@HADT-SS-NaHCO3 NPs for contrast-enhanced US imaging and therapy of prostate cancer was thoroughly evaluated using in vitro agarose gel phantoms and a C4-2 tumor-bearing nude mice model. These polymeric NPs displayed significantly enhanced US contrast at acidic pH and antitumor efficacy. Therefore, the NaHCO3 and DOX-encapsulated polymeric NPs hold tremendous potential for effective US imaging and therapy of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujing Li
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Scientific Research Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Tongyu Tong
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Scientific Research Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Qiao Ji
- Department of Ultrasound, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zuofeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yupeng Guan
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Scientific Research Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yang Kang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Scientific Research Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Li L, Lin H, Li D, Zeng Y, Liu G. Ultrasound activated nanosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy and theranostics. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:022008. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abd382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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