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Guixé-Muntet S, Quesada-Vázquez S, Gracia-Sancho J. Pathophysiology and therapeutic options for cirrhotic portal hypertension. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:646-663. [PMID: 38642564 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Portal hypertension represents the primary non-neoplastic complication of liver cirrhosis and has life-threatening consequences, such as oesophageal variceal bleeding, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. Portal hypertension occurs due to increased resistance of the cirrhotic liver vasculature to portal blood flow and is further aggravated by the hyperdynamic circulatory syndrome. Existing knowledge indicates that the profibrogenic phenotype acquired by sinusoidal cells is the initial factor leading to increased hepatic vascular tone and fibrosis, which cause increased vascular resistance and portal hypertension. Data also suggest that the phenotype of hepatic cells could be further impaired due to the altered mechanical properties of the cirrhotic liver itself, creating a deleterious cycle that worsens portal hypertension in the advanced stages of liver disease. In this Review, we discuss recent discoveries in the pathophysiology and treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension, a condition with few pharmacological treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Guixé-Muntet
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBEREHD, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Quesada-Vázquez
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBEREHD, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBEREHD, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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2
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Chen L, Guo W, Mao C, Shen J, Wan M. Liver fibrosis: pathological features, clinical treatment and application of therapeutic nanoagents. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1446-1466. [PMID: 38265305 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02790b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a reversible damage-repair response, the pathological features of which mainly include damage to hepatocytes, sinusoid capillarization, hepatic stellate cells activation, excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix and inflammatory response. Although some treatments (including drugs and stem cell therapy) for these pathological features have been shown to be effective, more clinical trials are needed to confirm their effectiveness. In recent years, nanomaterials-based therapies have emerged as an innovative and promising alternative to traditional drugs, being explored for the treatment of liver fibrosis diseases. Natural nanomaterials (including extracellular vesicles) and synthetic nanomaterials (including inorganic nanomaterials and organic nanomaterials) are developed to facilitate drug targeting delivery and combination therapy. In this review, the pathological features of liver fibrosis and the current anti-fibrosis drugs in clinical trials are briefly introduced, followed by a detailed introduction of the therapeutic nanoagents for the precise delivery of anti-fibrosis drugs. Finally, the future development trend in this field is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wenyan Guo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jian Shen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3
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Athanasopoulou F, Manolakakis M, Vernia S, Kamaly N. Nanodrug delivery systems for metabolic chronic liver diseases: advances and perspectives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:67-84. [PMID: 36896958 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines are revolutionizing healthcare as recently demonstrated by the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-2019 vaccines, with billions of doses administered worldwide in a safe manner. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common noncommunicable chronic liver disease, posing a major growing challenge to global public health. However, due to unmet diagnostic and therapeutic needs, there is great interest in the development of novel translational approaches. Nanoparticle-based approaches offer novel opportunities for efficient and specific drug delivery to liver cells, as a step toward precision medicines. In this review, the authors highlight recent advances in nanomedicines for the generation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Athanasopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Michail Manolakakis
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Santiago Vernia
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Nazila Kamaly
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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4
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Khalil MA, El-Shanshoury AERR, Alghamdi MA, Alsalmi FA, Mohamed SF, Sun J, Ali SS. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Marine Actinobacterium Nocardiopsis dassonvillei and Exploring Their Therapeutic Potentials. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:705673. [PMID: 35211096 PMCID: PMC8862148 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.705673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have recently emerged as a popular research topic. Because of their potential applications in therapeutic applications, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Bio-AgNPs) have gained much attention in recent years. Cell-free extracts (CFE) from a marine culture of actinobacteria and silver nitrate were used to reduce Ag+ ions and create Bio-AgNPs. Nocardiopsis dasonvillei KY772427, a new silver-tolerant actinomycete strain, was isolated from marine water and used to synthesize AgNPs. In order to characterize Bio-AgNPs, UV-Vis spectral analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS) were all utilized. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, a peak in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrum at 430 nm revealed the presence of Bio-AgNPs. The TEM revealed spherical AgNPs with a diameter of 29.28 nm. DLS determined that Bio-AgNPs have a diameter of 56.1 nm and a negative surface charge (-1.46 mV). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Bio-AgNPs was determined against microbial strains. Using resazurin-based microtiter dilution, the synergistic effect of Bio-AgNPs with antimicrobials was investigated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the lowest MIC of Bio-AgNPs (4 μg/ml). Surprisingly, the combination of antimicrobials and Bio-AgNPs had a significant synergistic effect on the tested strains. The insecticidal activity of Bio-AgNPs (200 μg/ml) against Macrosiphum rosae was found to be maximal after 36 h. Additionally, Bio-AgNPs demonstrated significant scavenging activity against 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH - ) radicals, with IC 50 values of 4.08 and 8.9 g/ml, respectively. In vitro studies using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability when CaCo2 cells were exposed to Bio-AgNPs. With the decrease in cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase leakage (LDH) increased. The findings of this study open up a new avenue for the use of marine Nocardiopsis dasonvillei to produce Bio-AgNPs, which have significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticidal, and anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A. Khalil
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Maha A. Alghamdi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
| | - Fatin A. Alsalmi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia F. Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sameh S. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Mohamed NA, Marei I, Crovella S, Abou-Saleh H. Recent Developments in Nanomaterials-Based Drug Delivery and Upgrading Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1404. [PMID: 35163328 PMCID: PMC8836006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, despite the recent developments in the management of CVDs, the early and long outcomes vary considerably in patients, especially with the current challenges facing the detection and treatment of CVDs. This disparity is due to a lack of advanced diagnostic tools and targeted therapies, requiring innovative and alternative methods. Nanotechnology offers the opportunity to use nanomaterials in improving health and controlling diseases. Notably, nanotechnologies have recognized potential applicability in managing chronic diseases in the past few years, especially cancer and CVDs. Of particular interest is the use of nanoparticles as drug carriers to increase the pharmaco-efficacy and safety of conventional therapies. Different strategies have been proposed to use nanoparticles as drug carriers in CVDs; however, controversies regarding the selection of nanomaterials and nanoformulation are slowing their clinical translation. Therefore, this review focuses on nanotechnology for drug delivery and the application of nanomedicine in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nura A. Mohamed
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Isra Marei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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6
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Adnan M, Oh KK, Husen A, Wang MH, Alle M, Cho DH. Microwave-Assisted Synchronous Nanogold Synthesis Reinforced by Kenaf Seed and Decoding Their Biocompatibility and Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:111. [PMID: 35215224 PMCID: PMC8876769 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of green-nanotechnology and biology may contribute to anticancer therapy. In this regard, using gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as therapeutic molecules can be a promising strategy. Herein, we proposed a novel biocompatible nanogold constructed by simply microwave-heating (MWI) Au3+ ions and kenaf seed (KS) extract within a minute. The phytoconstituents of KS extract have been utilized for safe synthesis of gold nanoparticles (KS@GNPs). The biogenic KS@GNPs were characterized by UV-vis Spectra, TEM, HR-TEM, XRD, FTIR, DLS, EDX, and SEAD techniques. The legitimacy and toxicity concern of KS@GNPs were tested against RAW 264.7 and NIH3T3 cell lines. The anticancer efficacy was verified using LN-229 cells. The pathways of KS@GNPs synthesis were optimized by varying the KS concentration (λmax 528 nm), gold salt amount (λmax 524 nm), and MWI times (λmax 522 nm). TEM displayed spherical shape and narrow size distribution (5-19.5 nm) of KS@GNPs, whereas DLS recorded Z-average size of 121.7 d·nm with a zeta potential of -33.7 mV. XRD and SAED ring patterns confirmed the high crystallinity and crystalline face centered cubic structure of gold. FTIR explored OH functional group involved in Au3+ ions reduction followed by GNPs stabilization. KS@GNPs exposure to RAW 264.7 and NIH3T3 cell lines did not induce toxicity while dose-dependent overt cell toxicity and reduced cell viability (26.6%) was observed in LN-229 cells. Moreover, the IC50 (18.79 µg/mL) treatment to cancer cell triggered cellular damages, excessive ROS generation, and apoptosis. Overall, this research exploits a sustainable method of KS@GNPs synthesis and their anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Adnan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (K.-K.O.)
| | - Ki-Kwang Oh
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (K.-K.O.)
| | - Azamal Husen
- School of Public Health, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo 138, Ethiopia;
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (K.-K.O.)
| | - Madhusudhan Alle
- Department of Biomedical Science & Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Dong-Ha Cho
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (K.-K.O.)
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7
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Ghalei S, Hopkins S, Douglass M, Garren M, Mondal A, Handa H. Nitric oxide releasing halloysite nanotubes for biomedical applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:277-289. [PMID: 33548611 PMCID: PMC7933102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are natural aluminosilicate clay that have been extensivelyexplored fordelivery of bioactive agents in biomedical applications because of their desirable features including unique hollow tubular structure, good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, and extensive functionality. For the first time, in this work, functionalized HNTs are developed as a delivery platform for nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous molecule, known for its important roles in the regulation of various physiological processes. HNTs were first hydroxylated and modified with an aminosilane crosslinker, (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS), to enable the covalent attachment of a NO donor precursor, N-acetyl-d-penicillamine (NAP). HNT-NAP particles were then converted to NO-releasing S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine HNT-SNAP by nitrosation. The total NO loading on the resulting nanotubes was 0.10 ± 0.07 μmol/mg which could be released using different stimuli such as heat and light. Qualitative (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance) and quantitative (Ninhydrin and Ellman) analyses were performed to confirm successful functionalization of HNTs at each step. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed that the hollow tubular morphology of the HNTs was preserved after modification. HNT-SNAP showed concentration-dependent antibacterial effects against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), resulting in up to 99.6% killing efficiency at a concentration of 10 mg/mL as compared to the control. Moreover, no significant cytotoxicity toward 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells was observed at concentrations equal or below 2 mg/mL of HNT-SNAP according to a WST-8-based cytotoxicity assay. The SNAP-functionalized HNTs represent a novel and efficient NO delivery system that holds the potential to be used, either alone or in combination with polymers for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama Ghalei
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, United States
| | - Sean Hopkins
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, United States
| | - Megan Douglass
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, United States
| | - Mark Garren
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, United States
| | - Arnab Mondal
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, United States
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, United States.
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Tian J, Li J, Yin H, Ma L, Zhang J, Zhai Q, Duan S, Zhang L. In vitro and in vivo uterine metabolic disorders induced by silica nanoparticle through the AMPK signaling pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143152. [PMID: 33139001 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) has been suggested to cause physical disorders, yet the effects of SiNPs on female reproduction have not been illustrated. This study was implemented to explore the reproductive toxicity of SiNPs on female and reveal its underlying mechanisms. Methodologically, the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-SiNPs were synthesized by coupling with FITC and then used to track the biodistribution of SiNPs in vitro and in vivo. In total, 30 mice were intratracheally injected 0.25 g of FITC-SiNPs, and 6 mice injected with the same volume of saline were used as controls. The results showed that SiNPs penetrated the cellular membrane, triggering apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation, tube formation, and invasion of trophoblast. Mechanistically, SiNPs was demonstrated to dysregulate Fbp2, Cpt1a, Scd1, and Pfkl, and further induced accumulation of pyruvate and fatty acid in mitochondria through the AMPK signaling pathway, which finally activated the Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Consistently, the similar alterations of these genes were detected in vivo, and the uterine inflammatory infiltration aggravated with the extension of the observation duration. These results suggested that SiNPs induced trophoblast apoptosis and uterine inflammation, and ultimately caused acute reproductive toxicity on female. The underlying mechanism might be explained by the dysregulation of Fbp2/Cpt1a/Pfkl/Scd1 axis, which promoted the overload of glucose and lipid through the AMPK signaling pathway. These findings were of great significance to guide a comprehensive understanding of the reproductive toxicity of SiNPs as well as the development of environmental standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan 250001, China; School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, China
| | - Junxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan 250001, China; School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, China
| | - Haoyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan 250001, China; School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan 250001, China; School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhai
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, China
| | - Shuyin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan 250001, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan 250001, China.
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Sim S, Wong NK. Nanotechnology and its use in imaging and drug delivery (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 14:42. [PMID: 33728048 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is the exploitation of the unique properties of materials at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology has gained popularity in several industries, as it offers better built and smarter products. The application of nanotechnology in medicine and healthcare is referred to as nanomedicine, and it has been used to combat some of the most common diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances of nanotechnology in the aspects of imaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serjay Sim
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Nyet Kui Wong
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Tao Y, Chan HF, Shi B, Li M, Leong KW. Light: A Magical Tool for Controlled Drug Delivery. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2005029. [PMID: 34483808 PMCID: PMC8415493 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202005029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Light is a particularly appealing tool for on-demand drug delivery due to its noninvasive nature, ease of application and exquisite temporal and spatial control. Great progress has been achieved in the development of novel light-driven drug delivery strategies with both breadth and depth. Light-controlled drug delivery platforms can be generally categorized into three groups: photochemical, photothermal, and photoisomerization-mediated therapies. Various advanced materials, such as metal nanoparticles, metal sulfides and oxides, metal-organic frameworks, carbon nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, stimuli-responsive micelles, polymer- and liposome-based nanoparticles have been applied for light-stimulated drug delivery. In view of the increasing interest in on-demand targeted drug delivery, we review the development of light-responsive systems with a focus on recent advances, key limitations, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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11
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Bai X, Su G, Zhai S. Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for the Diagnosis and Therapy of Liver Fibrosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1945. [PMID: 33003520 PMCID: PMC7599596 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, a reversible pathological process of inflammation and fiber deposition caused by chronic liver injury and can cause severe health complications, including liver failure, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Traditional diagnostic methods and drug-based therapy have several limitations, such as lack of precision and inadequate therapeutic efficiency. As a medical application of nanotechnology, nanomedicine exhibits great potential for liver fibrosis diagnosis and therapy. Nanomedicine enhances imaging contrast and improves tissue penetration and cellular internalization; it simultaneously achieves targeted drug delivery, combined therapy, as well as diagnosis and therapy (i.e., theranostics). In this review, recent designs and development efforts of nanomedicine systems for the diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics of liver fibrosis are introduced. Relative to traditional methods, these nanomedicine systems generally demonstrate significant improvement in liver fibrosis treatment. Perspectives and challenges related to these nanomedicine systems translated from laboratory to clinical use are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shumei Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
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12
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Osonga FJ, Akgul A, Yazgan I, Akgul A, Eshun GB, Sakhaee L, Sadik OA. Size and Shape-Dependent Antimicrobial Activities of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: A Model Study as Potential Fungicides. Molecules 2020; 25:E2682. [PMID: 32527041 PMCID: PMC7321160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based pathogenic microbes hinder the yield and quality of food production. Plant diseases have caused an increase in food costs due to crop destruction. There is a need to develop novel methods that can target and mitigate pathogenic microbes. This study focuses on investigating the effects of luteolin tetraphosphate derived silver nanoparticles (LTP-AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (LTP-AuNPs) as a therapeutic agent on the growth and expression of plant-based bacteria and fungi. In this study, the silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature using luteolin tetraphosphate (LTP) as the reducing and capping agents. The synthesis of LTP-AgNPs and LTP-AuNP was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and size distribution. The TEM images of both LTP-AgNPs and LTP-AuNPs showed different sizes and shapes (spherical, quasi-spherical, and cuboidal). The antimicrobial test was conducted using fungi: Aspergillus nidulans, Trichaptum biforme, Penicillium italicum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, while the class of bacteria employed include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter freundii as Gram (-) bacteria, and Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus epidermidis as Gram (+) bacterium. The antifungal study demonstrated the selective size and shape-dependent capabilities in which smaller sized spherical (9 nm) and quasi-spherical (21 nm) AgNPs exhibited 100% inhibition of the tested fungi and bacteria. The LTP-AgNPs exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity than LTP-AuNPs. We have demonstrated that smaller sized AgNPs showed excellent inhibition of A. nidulans growth compared to the larger size nanoparticles. These results suggest that LTP-AuNP and LTP-AgNPs could be used to address the detection and remediation of pathogenic fungi, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J. Osonga
- Sensors Mechanisms Research and Technology Center (The SMART Center), Chemistry and Environmental Science Department, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (F.J.O.); (G.B.E.)
| | - Ali Akgul
- Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, College of Forest Resources, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
| | - Idris Yazgan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental Sustainability (CREATES), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000 Binghamton, NY 13902, USA; (I.Y.); (L.S.)
| | - Ayfer Akgul
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
| | - Gaddi B. Eshun
- Sensors Mechanisms Research and Technology Center (The SMART Center), Chemistry and Environmental Science Department, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (F.J.O.); (G.B.E.)
| | - Laura Sakhaee
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental Sustainability (CREATES), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O. Box 6000 Binghamton, NY 13902, USA; (I.Y.); (L.S.)
| | - Omowunmi A. Sadik
- Sensors Mechanisms Research and Technology Center (The SMART Center), Chemistry and Environmental Science Department, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (F.J.O.); (G.B.E.)
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13
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The ability of gold nanoclusters as a new nanocarrier for D-penicillamine anticancer drug: a computational chemistry study. Struct Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01462-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Kotcherlakota R, Vydiam K, Jeyalakshmi Srinivasan D, Mukherjee S, Roy A, Kuncha M, Rao TN, Sistla R, Gopal V, Patra CR. Restoration of p53 Function in Ovarian Cancer Mediated by Gold Nanoparticle-Based EGFR Targeted Gene Delivery System. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3631-3644. [PMID: 33405744 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted gene delivery of wild type tumor suppressor gene p53 is a promising approach to inhibit the progression of ovarian cancer. Although several gene delivery vehicles have been reported earlier, there is paucity for targeted delivery of wild type p53 to ovarian cancer using gold nanoparticles. As it is well-known that EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) is overexpressed in ovarian cancer, in this study we hypothesized that the FDA approved monoclonal antibody C225 (cetuximab) that targets EGFR could be used for targeted delivery of wild type p53 gene. With this impetus, we devised an approach wherein cationic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were employed to generate gold nanoparticle-based drug delivery system (DDS, Au-C225-p53DNA where p53DNA is pCMVp53 plasmid) that was formulated and characterized by biochemical and biophysical methods. The nanoconjugate complexed with DNA (Au-C225-p53DNA) is serum-stable and protects the bound DNA from digestion by DNase-I. Additionally, in vitro reporter gene expression assays demonstrated efficient and specific gene transfection in EGFR overexpressing SK-OV-3 cells. Further, the intraperitoneal administration of Au-C225-p53DNA in SK-OV-3 xenograft mouse model displayed significant tumor targeting and tumor regression. Altogether, these studies indicated a promising nanoparticle-based approach for targeting ovarian cancers caused by mutated p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kotcherlakota
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kalyan Vydiam
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India
| | - Durga Jeyalakshmi Srinivasan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India
| | - Sudip Mukherjee
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India
| | - Madhusudana Kuncha
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India
| | - T Nageswara Rao
- Mass and Analytical Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vijaya Gopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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15
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Naghavi F, Morsali A, Bozorgmehr MR. Molecular mechanism study of surface functionalization of silica nanoparticle as an anticancer drug nanocarrier in aqueous solution. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Tee JK, Peng F, Ho HK. Effects of inorganic nanoparticles on liver fibrosis: Optimizing a double-edged sword for therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 160:24-33. [PMID: 30529191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a condition of sustained wound healing in response to chronic liver injury caused by various factors such as viral, cholestatic and inflammatory diseases. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the mechanistic details of fibrosis, therapeutic intervention with the use of anti-fibrotic drugs achieved only marginal efficacy. Among which, pharmacokinetics profile of agents leading to off-targeting and suboptimal distribution are the principal limiting factors. Concurrently, inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant recognition in biomedicine, owning to their unique physicochemical properties. Since NPs are known to accumulate in well vascularised organs, the intuitive therapeutic targeting of the liver using engineered NPs seems to be a plausible approach in treating liver fibrosis. However, the application of inorganic NPs also raised concerns of its potential long-term impact to humans. Current literatures have reported both negative risks as well as surprising benefits, thus sparking off a needful discussion about the feasibility of using inorganic NPs in treating liver fibrosis. Inorganic NPs entrapped in the liver may pose health risks, particularly due to their non-biodegradability and potential toxicity when accumulated in undesirable concentrations. This highlighted the need to assess the health risk of using inorganic NPs, and also to establish a framework to evaluate the conditions when the beneficial effects of these NPs would outweigh potential risks. Hence, this review takes a balanced approach on assessing the mechanistic details behind inorganic NP-induced biochemical perturbations, which could either alleviate or worsen liver fibrosis. Consequently, it attempts to chart out possibilities for future directions through optimizing therapeutic outcomes by design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kai Tee
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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17
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Stradiot L, Mannaerts I, van Grunsven LA. P311, Friend, or Foe of Tissue Fibrosis? Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1151. [PMID: 30369881 PMCID: PMC6194156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
P311 was first identified by the group of Studler et al. (1993) in the developing brain. In healthy, but mainly in pathological tissues, P311 is implicated in cell migration and proliferation. Furthermore, evidence in models of tissue fibrosis points to the colocalization with and the stimulation of transforming growth factor β1 by P311. This review provides a comprehensive overview on P311 and discusses its potential as an anti-fibrotic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Stradiot
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Mannaerts
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Martín Giménez VM, Kassuha DE, Manucha W. Nanomedicine applied to cardiovascular diseases: latest developments. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 11:133-142. [PMID: 28198204 DOI: 10.1177/1753944717692293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of disability and they are currently responsible for a significant number of deaths in a large percentage of the world population. A large number of therapeutic options have been developed for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, they are insufficient to stop or significantly reduce the progression of these diseases, and may produce unpleasant side effects. In this situation, the need arises to continue exploring new technologies and strategies in order to overcome the disadvantages and limitations of conventional therapeutic options. Thus, treatment of cardiovascular diseases has become one of the major focuses of scientific and technological development in recent times. More specifically, there have been important advances in the area of nanotechnology and the controlled release of drugs, destined to circumvent many limitations of conventional therapies for the treatment of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna Margarita Martín Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, Sede San Juan, Argentina
| | - Diego E Kassuha
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, Sede San Juan, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IMBECU-CONICET), Argentina.,Laboratorio de Farmacología Experimental Básica y Traslacional, Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, CP 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
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19
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Gonçalves LC, Seabra AB, Pelegrino MT, de Araujo DR, Bernardes JS, Haddad PS. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles dispersed in Pluronic F127 hydrogel: potential uses in topical applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28633j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is focused on the synthesis and characterization of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, and their incorporation in Pluronic F127 hydrogel with great potential for topical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Gonçalves
- Exact and Earth Science Department
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo
- UNIFESP
- Diadema
- Brazil
| | - A. B. Seabra
- Exact and Earth Science Department
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo
- UNIFESP
- Diadema
- Brazil
| | - M. T. Pelegrino
- Exact and Earth Science Department
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo
- UNIFESP
- Diadema
- Brazil
| | - D. R. de Araujo
- Human and Natural Sciences Center
- Universidade Federal do ABC
- UFABC
- Santo André
- Brazil
| | - J. S. Bernardes
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials
- CNPEM
- Campinas
- Brazil
| | - P. S. Haddad
- Exact and Earth Science Department
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo
- UNIFESP
- Diadema
- Brazil
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20
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Kotcherlakota R, Srinivasan DJ, Mukherjee S, Haroon MM, Dar GH, Venkatraman U, Patra CR, Gopal V. Engineered fusion protein-loaded gold nanocarriers for targeted co-delivery of doxorubicin and erbB2-siRNA in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2+ ovarian cancer. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7082-7098. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticle based targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) for transporting DX and siRNA in HER2+ ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kotcherlakota
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | | | - Sudip Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | | | | | | | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Vijaya Gopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
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21
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Agarwalla P, Mukherjee S, Sreedhar B, Banerjee R. Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated delivery of nano gold-withaferin conjugates for reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor regression. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2529-46. [PMID: 27622735 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the potential of glucocorticoid receptor-targeted nano-gold formulation as antitumor drug sensitizing agent. MATERIALS & METHODS Simultaneous conjugation of gold nanoparticle with thiol-modified dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid and anticancer drug withaferin A afforded stable gold nanoparticle-modifed dexamethasone-withaferin A nanoconjugate. RESULTS This metallic nanoparticle formulation showed glucocorticoid receptor-dependent cancer cell selective cytotoxicity, inhibited growth of aggressive mouse melanoma tumor, reduced mice mortality, while reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells. Same treatment also leads to near-complete downregulation of ABCG2 drug transporter in tumor-associated cells thus attributing it to its drug sensitizing ability. CONCLUSION The presently synthesized nanoconjugate holds a great promise to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutics and induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition reversal in tumor cells preventing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Agarwalla
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Sudip Mukherjee
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Bojja Sreedhar
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110 001, India
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22
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Abstract
Harnessing the impressive therapeutic potential of nitric oxide (NO) remains an ongoing challenge. This paper describes several of the current strategies both with respect to the underlying chemistry and physics and to the applications where they have shown promise. Included in this overview are molecular systems such as NONOates that release NO through chemical reactions and delivery vehicles such as nanoparticles that can generate, store, transport and deliver NO and related bioactive forms of NO such as nitrosothiols. Although there has been much positive movement, it is clear that we are only at the early stages of knowing how to precisely produce, transport and deliver to targeted sites therapeutic levels of NO and related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Liang
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Parimala Nacharaju
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Adam Friedman
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington School of Medicine & Health Sciences, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Joel M Friedman
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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23
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Wu W, Gaucher C, Fries I, Hu XM, Maincent P, Sapin-Minet A. Polymer nanocomposite particles of S -nitrosoglutathione: A suitable formulation for protection and sustained oral delivery. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:354-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Iwakiri Y, Kim MY. Nitric oxide in liver diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:524-36. [PMID: 26027855 PMCID: PMC4532625 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives play important roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of the liver. Despite its diverse and complicated roles, certain patterns of the effect of NO on the pathogenesis and progression of liver diseases are observed. In general, NO derived from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) is protective against disease development, while inducible NOS (iNOS)-derived NO contributes to pathological processes. This review addresses the roles of NO in the development of various liver diseases with a focus on recently published articles. We present here two recent advances in understanding NO-mediated signaling - nitrated fatty acids (NO2-FAs) and S-guanylation - and conclude with suggestions for future directions in NO-related studies on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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25
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Elbeshehy EKF, Elazzazy AM, Aggelis G. Silver nanoparticles synthesis mediated by new isolates of Bacillus spp., nanoparticle characterization and their activity against Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus and human pathogens. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:453. [PMID: 26029190 PMCID: PMC4429621 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular agents produced by newly isolated bacterial strains were able to catalyze the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The most effective isolates were identified as Bacillus pumilus, B. persicus, and Bacillus licheniformis using molecular identification. DLS analysis revealed that the AgNPs synthesized by the above strains were in the size range of 77–92 nm. TEM observations showed that the nanoparticles were coated with a capping agent, which was probably involved in nanoparticle stabilization allowing their perfect dispersion in aqueous solutions. FTIR analyses indicated the presence of proteins in the capping agent of the nanoparticles and suggested that the oxidation of hydroxyl groups of peptide hydrolysates (originated from the growth medium) is coupled to the reduction of silver ions. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy confirmed the above results. The nanoparticles, especially those synthesized by B. licheniformis, were stable (zeta potential ranged from −16.6 to −21.3 mV) and showed an excellent in vitro antimicrobial activity against important human pathogens and a considerable antiviral activity against the Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus. The significance of the particular antiviral activity is highlighted, given the significant yield reduction in fava bean crops resulting from Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus infections, in many African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam K F Elbeshehy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science (North Jeddah), King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University Ismalia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elazzazy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science (North Jeddah), King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Centre Giza, Egypt
| | - George Aggelis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science (North Jeddah), King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Unit of Microbiology, Division of Genetics, Cell and Development Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras Patras, Greece
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26
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Singh P, Kim YJ, Wang C, Mathiyalagan R, Yang DC. Microbial synthesis of Flower-shaped gold nanoparticles. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:1469-74. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1041640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ju Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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27
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Time lasting S-nitrosoglutathione polymeric nanoparticles delay cellular protein S-nitrosation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 89:1-8. [PMID: 25448077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Physiological S-nitrosothiols (RSNO), such as S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), can be used as nitric oxide (NO) donor for the treatment of vascular diseases. However, despite a half-life measured in hours, the stability of RSNO, limited by enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradations, is too low for clinical application. So, to provide a long-lasting effect and to deliver appropriate NO concentrations to target tissues, RSNO have to be protected. RSNO encapsulation is an interesting response to overcome degradation and provide protection. However, RSNO such as GSNO raise difficulties for encapsulation due to its hydrophilic nature and the instability of the S-NO bound during the formulation process. To our knowledge, the present study is the first description of the direct encapsulation of GSNO within polymeric nanoparticles (NP). The GSNO-loaded NP (GSNO-NP) formulated by a double emulsion process, presented a mean diameter of 289 ± 7 nm. They were positively charged (+40 mV) due to the methacrylic acid and ethylacrylate polymer (Eudragit® RL) used and encapsulated GSNO with a satisfactory efficiency (i.e. 54% or 40 mM GSNO loaded in the NP). In phosphate buffer (37 °C; pH 7.4), GSNO-NP released 100% of encapsulated GSNO within 3h and remained stable still 6h. However, in contact with smooth muscle cells, maximum protein nitrosation (a marker of NO bioavailability) was delayed from 1h for free GSNO to 18h for GSNO-NP. Therefore, protection and sustained release of NO were achieved by the association of a NO donor with a drug delivery system (such as polymeric NP), providing opportunities for vascular diseases treatment.
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Sau S, Agarwalla P, Mukherjee S, Bag I, Sreedhar B, Pal-Bhadra M, Patra CR, Banerjee R. Cancer cell-selective promoter recognition accompanies antitumor effect by glucocorticoid receptor-targeted gold nanoparticle. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:6745-54. [PMID: 24824564 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles (GNP), upon convenient modifications perform multi tasks catering to many biomedical applications. However, GNP or any other type of nanoparticles is yet to achieve the feat of intracellular regulation of endogenous genes of choice such as through manipulation of a gene-promoter in a chromosome. As for gene modulation and delivery, GNP (or other nanoparticles) showed only limited gene therapy potential, which relied on the delivery of 'exogenous' genes invoking gene knockdown or replacement. Practically, there are no instances for the nanoparticle-mediated promoter regulation of 'endogenous' genes, more so, as a cancer selective phenomenon. In this regard, we report the development of a simple, easily modifiable GNP-formulation, which promoted/up-regulated the expression of a specific category of 'endogenous' genes, the glucocorticoid responsive genes. This genetic up-regulation was induced in only cancer cells by modified GNP-mediated transcriptional activation of its cytoplasmic receptor, glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Normal cells and their GR remained primarily unperturbed by this GNP-formulation. The most potent gene up-regulating GNP-formulation down-regulated a cancer-specific proliferative signal, phospho-Akt in cancer cells, which accompanied retardation of tumor growth in the murine melanoma model. We show that GR-targeted GNPs may find potential use in the targeting and modulation of genetic information in cancer towards developing novel anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaresh Sau
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Zhao B, Wang XQ, Wang XY, Zhang H, Dai WB, Wang J, Zhong ZL, Wu HN, Zhang Q. Nanotoxicity comparison of four amphiphilic polymeric micelles with similar hydrophilic or hydrophobic structure. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:47. [PMID: 24088372 PMCID: PMC3851284 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanocarriers represent an attractive means of drug delivery, but their biosafety must be established before their use in clinical research. Objectives Four kinds of amphiphilic polymeric (PEG-PG-PCL, PEEP-PCL, PEG-PCL and PEG-DSPE) micelles with similar hydrophilic or hydrophobic structure were prepared and their in vitro and in vivo safety were evaluated and compared. Methods In vitro nanotoxicity evaluations included assessments of cell morphology, cell volume, inflammatory effects, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and membrane fluidity. An umbilical vein cell line (Eahy.926) and a kind of macrophages (J774.A1) were used as cell models considering that intravenous route is dominant for micelle delivery systems. In vivo analyses included complete blood count, lymphocyte subset analysis, detection of plasma inflammatory factors and histological observations of major organs after intravenous administration to KM mice. Results All the micelles enhanced inflammatory molecules in J774.A1 cells, likely resulting from the increased ROS levels. PEG-PG-PCL and PEEP-PCL micelles were found to increase the J774.A1 cell volume. This likely correlated with the size of PEG-PG-PCL micelles and the polyphosphoester structure in PEEP-PCL. PEG-DSPE micelles inhibited the growth of Eahy.926 cells via inducing apoptosis. This might relate to the structure of DSPE, which is a type of phospholipid and has good affinity with cell membrane. No evidence was found for cell membrane changes after treatment with these micelles for 24 h. In the in vivo study, during 8 days of 4 time injection, each of the four nanocarriers altered the hematic phase differently without changes in inflammatory factors or pathological changes in target organs. Conclusions These results demonstrate that the micelles investigated exhibit diverse nanotoxicity correlated with their structures, their biosafety is different in different cell model, and there is no in vitro and in vivo correlation found. We believe that this study will certainly provide more scientific understandings on the nanotoxicity of amphiphilic polymeric micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Hu LS, George J, Wang JH. Current concepts on the role of nitric oxide in portal hypertension. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:1707-1717. [PMID: 23555159 PMCID: PMC3607747 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i11.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension (PHT) is defined as a pathological increase in portal venous pressure and frequently accompanies cirrhosis. Portal pressure can be increased by a rise in portal blood flow, an increase in vascular resistance, or the combination. In cirrhosis, the primary factor leading to PHT is an increase in intra-hepatic resistance to blood flow. Although much of this increase is a mechanical consequence of architectural disturbances, there is a dynamic and reversible component that represents up to a third of the increased vascular resistance in cirrhosis. Many vasoactive substances contribute to the development of PHT. Among these, nitric oxide (NO) is the key mediator that paradoxically regulates the sinusoidal (intra-hepatic) and systemic/splanchnic circulations. NO deficiency in the liver leads to increased intra-hepatic resistance while increased NO in the circulation contributes to the hyperdynamic systemic/splanchnic circulation. NO mediated-angiogenesis also plays a role in splanchnic vasodilation and collateral circulation formation. NO donors reduce PHT in animals models but the key clinical challenge is the development of an NO donor or drug delivery system that selectively targets the liver.
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Mukherjee S, B V, Prashanthi S, Bangal PR, Sreedhar B, Patra CR. Potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications of one-step in situ biosynthesized gold nanoconjugates (2-in-1 system) in cancer treatment. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22299j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Sasidharan M, Zenibana H, Nandi M, Bhaumik A, Nakashima K. Synthesis of mesoporous hollow silica nanospheres using polymeric micelles as template and their application as a drug-delivery carrier. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:13381-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51267c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gajewicz A, Rasulev B, Dinadayalane TC, Urbaszek P, Puzyn T, Leszczynska D, Leszczynski J. Advancing risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials: application of computational approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1663-93. [PMID: 22664229 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology that develops novel materials at size of 100nm or less has become one of the most promising areas of human endeavor. Because of their intrinsic properties, nanoparticles are commonly employed in electronics, photovoltaic, catalysis, environmental and space engineering, cosmetic industry and - finally - in medicine and pharmacy. In that sense, nanotechnology creates great opportunities for the progress of modern medicine. However, recent studies have shown evident toxicity of some nanoparticles to living organisms (toxicity), and their potentially negative impact on environmental ecosystems (ecotoxicity). Lack of available data and low adequacy of experimental protocols prevent comprehensive risk assessment. The purpose of this review is to present the current state of knowledge related to the risks of the engineered nanoparticles and to assess the potential of efficient expansion and development of new approaches, which are offered by application of theoretical and computational methods, applicable for evaluation of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gajewicz
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Srinivas P, Patra CR, Bhattacharya S, Mukhopadhyay D. Cytotoxicity of naphthoquinones and their capacity to generate reactive oxygen species is quenched when conjugated with gold nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2113-22. [PMID: 22114475 PMCID: PMC3215152 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several reports have demonstrated the anticancer activities of plumbagin, a naphthoquinone derivative isolated from plants belonging to Plumbaginaceae family. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports which describe gold nanoconjugation with plumbagin, even though plumbagin is considered to be a promising therapeutic agent. In this report, we demonstrate the fabrication and characterization of gold nanoparticles conjugated with plumbagin (AuPB) that can reduce the toxicity of the latter, and their capacity for cellular localization and generation of reactive oxygen species. The anticancer activity and ability of plumbagin to produce reactive oxygen species was studied and compared with that of bromoderivatives of 1,4 naphthoquinones such as 2-bromo-1,4-naphthoquinone (2-BNQ) and 2,3-dibromo-1, 4-naphthoquinone (2,3-DBNQ) and their gold nanoconjugates. Plumbagin and bromoderivatives of 1,4 naphthoquinones in the form of gold nanoconjugates showed reduced cytotoxicity and apoptosis compared with the pristine compounds, ie, plumbagin, 2-BNQ, and 2,3-DBNQ. Interestingly, we observed that the gold nanoparticles could quench the reactive oxygen species-generating capacity of plumbagin, 2-BNQ, and 2,3-BNQ, which is one of the main mechanisms of action of the naphthoquinones. Therefore, it can be concluded that conjugation with gold nanoparticles can reduce the cytotoxicity of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Srinivas
- Integrated Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Kerala, India.
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Saraiva J, Marotta-Oliveira SS, Cicillini SA, Eloy JDO, Marchetti JM. Nanocarriers for nitric oxide delivery. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2011:936438. [PMID: 21869934 PMCID: PMC3159988 DOI: 10.1155/2011/936438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a promising pharmaceutical agent that has vasodilative, antibacterial, and tumoricidal effects. To study the complex and wide-ranging roles of NO and to facilitate its therapeutic use, a great number of synthetic compounds (e.g., nitrosothiols, nitrosohydroxyamines, N-diazeniumdiolates, and nitrosyl metal complexes) have been developed to chemically stabilize and release NO in a controlled manner. Although NO is currently being exploited in many biomedical applications, its use is limited by several factors, including a short half-life, instability during storage, and potential toxicity. Additionally, efficient methods of both localized and systemic in vivo delivery and dose control are needed. One strategy for addressing these limitations and thus increasing the utility of NO donors is based on nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Saraiva
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14010-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Samantha S. Marotta-Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14010-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone Aparecida Cicillini
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14010-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Josimar de Oliveira Eloy
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14010-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maldonado Marchetti
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14010-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Al-Salam S, Balhaj G, Al-Hammadi S, Sudhadevi M, Tariq S, Biradar AV, Asefa T, Souid AK. In vitro study and biocompatibility of calcined mesoporous silica microparticles in mouse lung. Toxicol Sci 2011; 122:86-99. [PMID: 21470958 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the pneumatocyte structure and function of mouse lung specimens exposed in vitro to two calcined mesoporous silica particles, MCM41-cal (spheres, ∼300 to 1000 nm in diameter) and SBA15-cal (irregular rods averaging ∼500 nm in diameter and ∼1000 nm in length). These mesoporous silica particles are in consideration for potential medical application as delivery vehicles for genes, drugs, and bio-imagers. In the study, lung specimens (about 10 mg each) were excised from male Balb/c mice, immediately immersed in Krebs-Henseleit buffer, ice-cold, and continuously gassed with O(2):CO(2) (95:5). The samples were incubated at 37°C in the same buffer with and without 200 μg/mL MCM41-cal or SBA15-cal for 5-14 h. The tissues were then rinsed thoroughly and processed for light and electron microscopy. Normal alveolar morphology was evident in all the studied specimens. There was no significant difference in the number of apoptotic cells between the treated and untreated samples. Despite their relatively large sizes, the particles were abundantly present in pneumocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and interstitium. They were seen in different areas of the cytoplasm, suggesting intracellular movements. Their presence did not appear to disturb cellular configuration or micro-organelles. Due to their rigidity and surface charges, some were firmly attached to (indenting) the nuclear membrane. The rate of respiration (cellular mitochondrial O(2) consumption, in μM O(2)/min/mg) in specimens exposed to 200 μg/mL particles for up to 12 h was the same as untreated specimens. These findings confirm "reasonable" bioavailability and biocompatibility of calcined mesoporous silicas with mouse lung within at least 5-14 h of exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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