1
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Qin T, Wang T, Zhu J. Recent progress in on-surface synthesis of nanoporous graphene materials. Commun Chem 2024; 7:154. [PMID: 38977754 PMCID: PMC11231364 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoporous graphene (NPG) materials are generated by removing internal degree-3 vertices from graphene and introducing nanopores with specific topological structures, which have been widely explored and exploited for applications in electronic devices, membranes, and energy storage. The inherent properties of NPGs, such as the band structures, field effect mobilities and topological properties, are crucially determined by the geometric structure of nanopores. On-surface synthesis is an emerging strategy to fabricate low-dimensional carbon nanostructures with atomic precision. In this review, we introduce the progress of on-surface synthesis of atomically precise NPGs, and classify NPGs from the aspects of element types, topological structures, pore shapes, and synthesis strategies. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration to further advance the synthesis and applications of NPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchen Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
| | - Junfa Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P. R. China.
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2
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Parreiras SO, Martín-Fuentes C, Moreno D, Mathialagan SK, Biswas K, Muñiz-Cano B, Lauwaet K, Valvidares M, Valbuena MA, Urgel JI, Gargiani P, Camarero J, Miranda R, Martínez JI, Gallego JM, Écija D. 2D Co-Directed Metal-Organic Networks Featuring Strong Antiferromagnetism and Perpendicular Anisotropy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309555. [PMID: 38155502 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Antiferromagnetic spintronics is a rapidly emerging field with the potential to revolutionize the way information is stored and processed. One of the key challenges in this field is the development of novel 2D antiferromagnetic materials. In this paper, the first on-surface synthesis of a Co-directed metal-organic network is reported in which the Co atoms are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled, while featuring a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. This material is a promising candidate for future antiferromagnetic spintronic devices, as it combines the advantages of 2D and metal-organic chemistry with strong antiferromagnetic order and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia O Parreiras
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Cristina Martín-Fuentes
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Daniel Moreno
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | | | - Kalyan Biswas
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Beatriz Muñiz-Cano
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | | | - Miguel A Valbuena
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José I Urgel
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Unidad de Nanomateriales Avanzados, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el ICMM, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | | | - Julio Camarero
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José I Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José M Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - David Écija
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanoscience), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Unidad de Nanomateriales Avanzados, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el ICMM, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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3
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Pan WC, Mützel C, Haldar S, Hohmann H, Heinze S, Farrell JM, Thomale R, Bode M, Würthner F, Qi J. Diboraperylene Diborinic Acid Self-Assembly on Ag(111)-Kagome Flat Band Localized States Imaged by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400313. [PMID: 38316614 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Replacement of sp2-hybridized carbon in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by boron affords electron-deficient π-scaffolds due to the vacant pz-orbital of three-coordinate boron with the potential for pronounced electronic interactions with electron-rich metal surfaces. Using a diboraperylene diborinic acid derivative as precursor and a controlled on-surface non-covalent synthesis approach, we report on a self-assembled chiral supramolecular kagome network on an Ag(111) surface stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions at low temperature. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) reveal a flat band at ca. 0.33 eV above the Fermi level which is localized at the molecule center, in good agreement with tight-binding model calculations of flat bands characteristic for kagome lattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wun-Chang Pan
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carina Mützel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Soumyajyoti Haldar
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrik Hohmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Heinze
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeffrey M Farrell
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Roosevelt Road, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ronny Thomale
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Bode
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jing Qi
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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4
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Suaud N, Colin A, Bouammali M, Mallah T, Guihéry N. Understanding the Electronic Structure of Magnetic Trinuclear Complexes Based on the Tris-Dioxolene Triphenylene Non-Innocent Bridging Ligand, a Theoretical Study. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302256. [PMID: 37922225 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
A complete theoretical analysis using first the simple Hückel model followed by more sophisticated multi-reference calculations on a trinuclear Ni(II) complex (Tp#Ni3 HHTP), bearing the non-innocent bridging ligand HHTP3- , is carried out. The three semiquinone moieties of HHTP3- couple antiferromagnetically and lead to a single unpaired electron localized on one of the moieties. The calculated exchange coupling integrals together with the zero-field parameters allow, when varied within a certain range, reproducing the experimental data. These results are generalized for two similar other trinuclear complexes containing Ni(II) and Cu(II). The electronic structure of HHTP3- turns out to be independent of both the chemical nature and the geometry of the metal ions. We also establish a direct correlation between the geometrical and the electronic structures of the non-innocent ligand that is consistent with the results of calculations. It allows experimentalists to get insight into the magnetic behavior of this type of complexes by an analysis of their X-ray structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Suaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Aristide Colin
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 17, avenue des Sciences, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Mohammed Bouammali
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Talal Mallah
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 17, avenue des Sciences, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Nathalie Guihéry
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
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5
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Li X, Wang D, Hu H, Pan Y. Designer artificial chiral kagome lattice with tunable flat bands and topological boundary states. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:145601. [PMID: 38081065 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The kagome lattice is a well-known model system for the investigation of strong correlation and topological electronic phenomena due to the intrinsic flat band, magnetic frustration, etc. Introducing chirality into the kagome lattice would bring about new physics due to the unique symmetry, which is still yet to be fully explored. Here we report the investigation on a two-dimensional chiral kagome lattice utilizing tight binding band calculation and topological index analysis. It is found that the periodic chiral kagome lattice would bring about a robust zero-energy flat band. Furthermore, in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger type dimer-/trimerized breathing chiral kagome lattice with particular edge terminations, topological corner states or metallic edge states would appear, implying new candidates for the second-order topological insulator. We also proposed the construction strategy for such lattices employing the scanning tunneling microscope atom manipulation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Li
- Center for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongli Wang
- Center for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Pan
- Center for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
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6
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Hu H, Si Q. Coupled topological flat and wide bands: Quasiparticle formation and destruction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg0028. [PMID: 37467334 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Flat bands amplify correlation effects and are of extensive current interest. They provide a platform to explore both topology in correlated settings and correlation physics enriched by topology. Recent experiments in correlated kagome metals have found evidence for strange-metal behavior. A major theoretical challenge is to study the effect of local Coulomb repulsion when the band topology obstructs a real-space description. In a variant to the kagome lattice, we identify an orbital-selective Mott transition in any system of coupled topological flat and wide bands. This was made possible by the construction of exponentially localized and Kramers-doublet Wannier functions, which, in turn, leads to an effective Kondo-lattice description. Our findings show how quasiparticles are formed in such coupled topological flat-wide band systems and, equally important, how they are destroyed. Our work provides a conceptual framework for the understanding of the existing and emerging strange-metal properties in kagome metals and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Qimiao Si
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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7
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Merkel K, Greiner J, Ortmann F. Understanding the electronic pi-system of 2D covalent organic frameworks with Wannier functions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1685. [PMID: 36717636 PMCID: PMC9886956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigate a family of hexagonal 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with phenyl and biphenyl spacer units and different chemical linker species. Chemical trends are elucidated and attributed to microscopic properties of the [Formula: see text]-electron-system spanned by atomic [Formula: see text]-orbitals. We systematically investigate the electronic structure, delocalization of electronic states, effects of disorder, bond torsion, and doping, and correlate these with variable [Formula: see text]-conjugation and nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) aromaticity. Molecular orbitals are obtained from maximally localized Wannier functions that have [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-character, forming distinct [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-bands for all valence states. The Wannier-orbital description goes beyond simple tight-binding models and enables a detailed understanding of the electronic topology, effective electronic coupling and delocalization. It is shown that a meaningful comparison between COFs with different chemical elements can only be made by examining the entire [Formula: see text]-electron system, while a comparison of individual bands (e.g., bands near the Fermi energy) can be a insufficient to derive general design rules for linker and spacer monomer selection. We further identify delocalized states that are spread across tens or hundreds of pores of the 2D COFs and analyze their robustness against structural and energetic disorders like out-of-plane rotations of molecular fragments, different strength of energetic disorder and energetic shifts due to chemical doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Merkel
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Greiner
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Ortmann
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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8
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Gao Q, Zhang L, Zheng C, Lei S, Li S, Hu Z. HSH-C10: A new quasi-2D carbon allotrope with a honeycomb-star-honeycomb lattice. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Wu D, Lv H, Zhuo Z, Li X, Wu X, Yang J. Orbital Design of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Peroxide Kagome Crystals with Anionogenic Dirac Half-Metallicity. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3528-3534. [PMID: 33797241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Assembling p orbital ferromagnetic half-metallicity and a topological element, such as a Dirac point at the Fermi level, in a single nanomaterial is of particular interest for long-distance, high-speed, and spin-coherent transportation in nanoscale spintronic devices. On the basis of the tight-binding model, we present an orbital design of a two-dimensional (2D) anionogenic Dirac half-metal (ADHM) by patterning cations with empty d orbitals and anions with partially filled p-type orbitals into a kagome lattice. Our first-principles calculations show that 2D transition-metal peroxides h-TM2(O2)3 (TMO3, TM = Ti, Zr, Hf), containing group IVB transition-metal cations [TM]4+ bridged with dioxygen anions [O2]8/3- in a kagome structure, are stable ADHMs with a Curie temperature over 103 K. The 2/3 filled π* orbitals of dioxygen anions are ferromagnetically coupled, leading to p orbital ferromagnetism and a half-metallic Dirac point right at the Fermi level with a Fermi velocity reaching 2.84 × 105 m/s. We proposed that 2D h-TM2(O2)3 crystals may be extracted from ABO3 bulk materials containing 2D TMO3 layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoxiong Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Haifeng Lv
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhuo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information & Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information & Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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10
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Pawlak R, Liu X, Ninova S, D'Astolfo P, Drechsel C, Liu JC, Häner R, Decurtins S, Aschauer U, Liu SX, Meyer E. On-Surface Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Kagome Graphene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8370-8375. [PMID: 33507589 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped Kagome graphene (N-KG) has been theoretically predicted as a candidate for the emergence of a topological band gap as well as unconventional superconductivity. However, its physical realization still remains very elusive. Here, we report on a substrate-assisted reaction on Ag(111) for the synthesis of two-dimensional graphene sheets possessing a long-range honeycomb Kagome lattice. Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) with a CO-terminated tip supported by density functional theory (DFT) are employed to scrutinize the structural and electronic properties of the N-KG down to the atomic scale. We demonstrate its semiconducting character due to the nitrogen doping as well as the emergence of Kagome flat bands near the Fermi level which would open new routes towards the design of graphene-based topological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Pawlak
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xunshan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silviya Ninova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp D'Astolfo
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carl Drechsel
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jung-Ching Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Aschauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Pawlak R, Liu X, Ninova S, D'Astolfo P, Drechsel C, Liu J, Häner R, Decurtins S, Aschauer U, Liu S, Meyer E. On‐Surface Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Doped Kagome Graphene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Pawlak
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Xunshan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Silviya Ninova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Philipp D'Astolfo
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Carl Drechsel
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Jung‐Ching Liu
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Aschauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Shi‐Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
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12
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Makwana M, Wiltshaw R, Guenneau S, Craster R. Hybrid topological guiding mechanisms for photonic crystal fibers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:30871-30888. [PMID: 33115079 DOI: 10.1364/oe.398559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We create hybrid topological-photonic localisation of light by introducing concepts from the field of topological matter to that of photonic crystal fiber arrays. S-polarized obliquely propagating electromagnetic waves are guided by hexagonal, and square, lattice topological systems along an array of infinitely conducting fibers. The theory utilises perfectly periodic arrays that, in frequency space, have gapped Dirac cones producing band gaps demarcated by pronounced valleys locally imbued with a nonzero local topological quantity. These broken symmetry-induced stop-bands allow for localised guidance of electromagnetic edge-waves along the crystal fiber axis. Finite element simulations, complemented by asymptotic techniques, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed designs for localising energy in finite arrays in a robust manner.
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13
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Galeotti G, De Marchi F, Hamzehpoor E, MacLean O, Rajeswara Rao M, Chen Y, Besteiro LV, Dettmann D, Ferrari L, Frezza F, Sheverdyaeva PM, Liu R, Kundu AK, Moras P, Ebrahimi M, Gallagher MC, Rosei F, Perepichka DF, Contini G. Synthesis of mesoscale ordered two-dimensional π-conjugated polymers with semiconducting properties. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:874-880. [PMID: 32424372 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials with high charge carrier mobility and tunable band gaps have attracted intense research effort for their potential use in nanoelectronics. Two-dimensional π-conjugated polymers constitute a promising subclass because the band structure can be manipulated by varying the molecular building blocks while preserving key features such as Dirac cones and high charge mobility. The major barriers to the application of two-dimensional π-conjugated polymers have been the small domain size and high defect density attained in the syntheses explored so far. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of mesoscale ordered two-dimensional π-conjugated polymer kagome lattices with semiconducting properties, Dirac cone structures and flat bands on Au(111). This material has been obtained by combining a rigid azatriangulene precursor and a hot dosing approach, which favours molecular diffusion and eliminates voids in the network. These results open opportunities for the synthesis of two-dimensional π-conjugated polymer Dirac cone materials and their integration into devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Galeotti
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Roma, Italy
- Deutsches Museum, München, Germany
| | - F De Marchi
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - E Hamzehpoor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - O MacLean
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - M Rajeswara Rao
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - L V Besteiro
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - D Dettmann
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Roma, Italy
| | - L Ferrari
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Roma, Italy
| | - F Frezza
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Roma, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - R Liu
- Department of Physics, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - A K Kundu
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Moras
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Ebrahimi
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - M C Gallagher
- Department of Physics, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.
| | - F Rosei
- Centre Energie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada.
| | - D F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| | - G Contini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Roma, Italy.
- Department of Physics, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Sun S, Zhao S, Luo YZ, Gu X, Lian X, Tadich A, Qi DC, Ma Z, Zheng Y, Gu C, Zhang JL, Li Z, Chen W. Designing Kagome Lattice from Potassium Atoms on Phosphorus-Gold Surface Alloy. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5583-5589. [PMID: 32568547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials with flat bands are considered as ideal platforms to explore strongly correlated physics such as the fractional quantum hall effect, high-temperature superconductivity, and more. In theory, a Kagome lattice with only nearest-neighbor hopping can give rise to a flat band. However, the successful fabrication of Kagome lattices is still very limited. Here, we provide a new design principle to construct the Kagome lattice by trapping atoms into Kagome arrays of potential valleys, which can be realized on a potassium-decorated phosphorus-gold surface alloy. Theoretical calculations show that the flat band is less correlated with the neighboring trivial electronic bands, which can be further isolated and dominate around the Fermi energy with increased Kagome lattice parameters of potassium atoms. Our results provide a new strategy for constructing Kagome lattices, which serve as an ideal platform to study topological and more general flat band phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Sun
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Songtao Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Yong Zheng Luo
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542 Singapore
| | - Xingyu Gu
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542 Singapore
| | - Xu Lian
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Anton Tadich
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Dong-Chen Qi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
- Centre of Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Zhirui Ma
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542 Singapore
| | - Chengding Gu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Jia Lin Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 260026, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
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15
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Jadhav T, Fang Y, Liu CH, Dadvand A, Hamzehpoor E, Patterson W, Jonderian A, Stein RS, Perepichka DF. Transformation between 2D and 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks via Reversible [2 + 2] Cycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8862-8870. [PMID: 32311256 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first transformation between crystalline vinylene-linked two-dimensional (2D) polymers and crystalline cyclobutane-linked three-dimensional (3D) polymers. Specifically, absorption-edge irradiation of the 2D poly(arylenevinylene) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) results in topological [2 + 2] cycloaddition cross-linking of the π-stacked layers in 3D COFs. The reaction is reversible, and heating to 200 °C leads to a cycloreversion while retaining the COF crystallinity. The resulting difference in connectivity is manifested in the change of mechanical and electronic properties, including exfoliation, blue-shifted UV-vis absorption, altered luminescence, modified band structure, and different acid-doping behavior. The Li-impregnated 2D and 3D COFs show a significant room-temperature ion conductivity of 1.8 × 10-4 S/cm and 3.5 × 10-5 S/cm, respectively. Even higher room-temperature proton conductivity of 1.7 × 10-2 S/cm and 2.2 × 10-3 S/cm was found for H2SO4-treated 2D and 3D COFs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaksen Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Cheng-Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Afshin Dadvand
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ehsan Hamzehpoor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - William Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Antranik Jonderian
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Robin S Stein
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Dmitrii F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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16
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Lee JM, Geng C, Park JW, Oshikawa M, Lee SS, Yeom HW, Cho GY. Stable Flatbands, Topology, and Superconductivity of Magic Honeycomb Networks. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:137002. [PMID: 32302191 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.137002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new principle to realize flatbands which are robust in real materials, based on a network superstructure of one-dimensional segments. This mechanism is naturally realized in the nearly commensurate charge-density wave of 1T-TaS_{2} with the honeycomb network of conducting domain walls, and the resulting flatband can naturally explain the enhanced superconductivity. We also show that corner states, which are a hallmark of the higher-order topological insulators, appear in the network superstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongjun M Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chenhua Geng
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Jae Whan Park
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Masaki Oshikawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Sung-Sik Lee
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton Ontario L85 4M1, Canada
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline ST. N., Waterloo Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
| | - Han Woong Yeom
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Gil Young Cho
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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17
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Zhang L, Tong P. Staggered potential and magnetic field tunable electronic switch in a kagome nanoribbon junction. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:305302. [PMID: 31022710 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab1c9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a possible electronic switch on a two dimensional (2D) kagome lattice by applying a perpendicular inhomogeneous magnetic field and a staggered sublattice potential. By means of the tight-binding lattice model and the non-equilibrium Green's function method, we calculate the quantum Hall conductance of the device at zero temperature limit. The numerical results demonstrate that when a staggered lattice potential is considered, the conventional integer Hall effect is changed into discrete fractional conductance peaks, and a finite energy gap can be opened in the system, which may induce a metal-insulator transition and can be designed as a 2D electronic valve. The conductance valve phenomena mainly come from the interplay between the asymmetry energy band induced by the magnetic field and a band gap opened by the staggered potential. The ON(OFF) state of the electron transport is efficiently controlled by the device parameters such as the magnetic field, the staggered lattice potential and the Fermi level. Our findings might be useful for designing efficient current valves in 2D nano-electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China. Department of Applied Physics, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
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18
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Thomas S, Li H, Bredas JL. Emergence of an Antiferromagnetic Mott Insulating Phase in Hexagonal π-Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900355. [PMID: 30847999 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While the search for 2D organic semimetallic Dirac materials displaying, like graphene, a Dirac cone at the Fermi level remains active, attention is also being paid to the quantum phase transition from semimetal to antiferromagnet. Such a transition in graphene-like materials is predicted based on theoretical investigations of the 2D honeycomb lattice; it occurs (within a Hubbard model) when the on-site electron-electron Coulomb repulsion (U) is much larger than the nearest-neighbor inter-site electronic coupling (t). Here, monomers carrying long-lived radicals are considered and used as building blocks to design 2D hexagonal π-conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Both the nonmagnetic semimetallic phase and magnetically ordered phases are evaluated. It is found that the electronic coupling between adjacent radical centers in these COFs is more than an order of magnitude smaller than in graphene while the on-site Coulomb repulsion is reduced to a lesser extent. The resulting large U/t ratio drives these COFs into the antiferromagnetic side of the phase diagram. This work provides a first theoretical evidence of the realization of an antiferromagnetic Mott insulating phase in 2D π-conjugated COFs and allows a strategy to achieve quantum phase transitions from antiferromagnet to spin liquid and to semimetal to be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simil Thomas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Hong Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Bredas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
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