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Yu J, Yu F, Fu Q, Zhao G, Gong C, Wang M, Zhang Q. Combining Machine Learning and Molecular Dynamics to Predict Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Evolution of FeNiCrCoCu High-Entropy Alloys. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:968. [PMID: 36985862 PMCID: PMC10058552 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Compared with traditional alloys, high-entropy alloys have better mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, their mechanical properties and microstructural evolution behavior are unclear due to their complex composition. Machine learning has powerful data processing and analysis capabilities, that provides technical advantages for in-depth study of the mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys. Thus, we combined machine learning and molecular dynamics to predict the mechanical properties of FeNiCrCoCu high-entropy alloys. The optimal multiple linear regression machine learning algorithm predicts that the optimal composition is Fe33Ni32Cr11Co11Cu13 high-entropy alloy, with a tensile strength of 28.25 GPa. Furthermore, molecular dynamics is used to verify the predicted mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys, and it is found that the error between the tensile strength predicted by machine learning and the tensile strength obtained by molecular dynamics simulation is within 0.5%. Moreover, the tensile-compression asymmetry of Fe33Ni32Cr11Co11Cu13 high-entropy alloy increased with the increase of temperature and Cu content and the decrease of Fe content. This is due to the increase in stress caused by twinning during compression and the decrease in stress due to dislocation slip during stretching. Interestingly, high-entropy alloy coatings reduce the tensile-compression asymmetry of nickel; this is attributed to the reduced influence of dislocations and twinning at the interface between the high-entropy alloy and the nickel matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Yu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Faping Yu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Caiyun Gong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Qiaoxin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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Yang S, Zhang L, Wu Z, Webster RF, Kong C, Chang SL. TEM-MD characterization of KDP deformation mechanisms under nanoindentation. Ann Ital Chir 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Yi Y, Guan Q, Wang W, Jian S, Li H, Wu L, Zhang H, Jiang C. Recyclable Carbon Cloth-Supported ZnO@Ag 3PO 4 Core-Shell Structure for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dye. TOXICS 2023; 11:70. [PMID: 36668796 PMCID: PMC9866964 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of organic dyes in industry has caused serious environmental problems, and photocatalysis is a potential solution to water pollution by organic dyes. The practical application of powdery photocatalysts is usually limited by the rapid recombination of charge carriers and difficulty in recycling. In this study, recyclable carbon cloth-supported ZnO@Ag3PO4 composite with a core-shell structure was successfully prepared by solvothermal treatment and subsequent impregnation-deposition. The as-prepared carbon cloth-supported ZnO@Ag3PO4 composite showed an improved photocatalytic activity and stability for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), a model organic dye, under visible light irradiation. The decomposition ratio of RhB reached 87.1% after exposure to visible light for 100 min, corresponding to a reaction rate constant that was 4.8 and 15.9 times that of carbon cloth-supported Ag3PO4 or ZnO alone. The enhanced performance of the composite can be attributed to the effectively inhibited recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs by the S-scheme heterojunction. The carbon fibers further promoted the transfer of charges. Moreover, the carbon cloth-supported ZnO@Ag3PO4 can be easily separated from the solution and repeatedly used, demonstrating a fair recyclability and potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yi
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100#, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qifang Guan
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100#, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100#, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Siyuan Jian
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100#, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hengchao Li
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100#, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liangpeng Wu
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100#, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanjia Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Rd., Tianjin 300350, China
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Nanoindentation characteristics of nanocrystalline B2 CuZr shape memory alloy via large-scale atomistic simulation. J Mol Model 2022; 28:317. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Study on the Mechanical Properties of Monocrystalline Germanium Crystal Planes Based on Molecular Dynamics. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030441. [PMID: 35334733 PMCID: PMC8955306 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Nanoindentation and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of the loading surface of monocrystalline germanium were used to investigate the evolution of the key structure, the force model, the temperature, the potential, and the deformable layer thickness. The mechanical characteristics of typical crystal planes (001), (110), and (111) of the crystal system were compared under load. It was observed that the hardness and stiffness of the (110) plane were greatest among the three crystal planes, whereas the hardness and stiffness of the (111) plane were lowest. Moreover, the deformation layers at the ends of both planes were basically flat. The processing efficiency of the (111) surface was higher; thus, the (111) surface was considered the best loading surface. It was concluded that the subsurface defects of the monocrystalline germanium (111) plane were smaller and the work efficiency was higher during the processing of monocrystalline germanium, making it ideal for monocrystalline germanium ultra-precision processing.
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The Effect of Phase Separation on the Mechanical Behavior of the Co-Cr-Cu-Fe-Ni High-Entropy Alloy. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216523. [PMID: 34772051 PMCID: PMC8585438 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phase separation phenomena in high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted much attention since their discovery, but little attention has been given to the dynamics of the deformation mechanism of this kind of HEA during uniaxial tension, which limits their widespread and practical utility. In this work, molecular dynamics simulation was used to study the effect of phase separation on the mechanical properties of an HEA under uniaxial tensile loading. Moreover, the associated deformation behavior of the Co–Cr–Cu–Fe–Ni HEA was investigated at the nanoscale. Models with Cu-rich grain boundaries or grains were constructed. The results showed that Cu-rich grain boundaries or grains lowered the strength of the Co–Cr–Cu–Fe–Ni HEA, and Cu-rich grain boundaries significantly reduced ductility. This change of mechanical properties was closely associated with a deformation behavior. Furthermore, the deformation behavior was affected by the critical resolved shear stress of Cu-rich and Cu-depleted regions and the uneven stress distribution caused by phase separation. In addition, dislocation slipping and grain boundary sliding were the main mechanisms of plastic deformation in the Co–Cr–Cu–Fe–Ni HEA.
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Yang S, Zhang L, Wu Z. Effect of Anisotropy of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals on Its Deformation Mechanisms Subjected to Nanoindentation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:41351-41360. [PMID: 34423638 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) is an important nonlinear material due to its excellent physical and optical properties. However, it is also a difficult-to-machine material due to its complex anisotropic microstructure. To better understand the deformation mechanisms under external stresses, this paper aims to carry out systematic nanoindentation simulations using molecular dynamics (MD). To facilitate the structural characterization of KDP, a machine learning-based method was developed. The results showed that the subsurface damage is obviously anisotropic. On the (001) surface, both tetragonal and monoclinic phases appear simultaneously and part of the monoclinic phase transfers to the tetragonal phase. The generated phases close to the surface undergo amorphization and are squeezed out to form pile-ups. On the (100) surface, however, an orthorhombic phase emerges directly from the original structure rather than transforming through the monoclinic phase. No amorphization happens and no pile-ups appear in this case. The first "pop-in" in the load-displacement curve of nanoindentation signified the emergence of phase transformation under the combined hydrostatic and shear stresses. After unloading, the recovery of the deformed KDP is also anisotropic. The maximum recovery takes place when the indentation is on the (100) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Yang
- Laboratory for Precision and Nano Processing Technologies, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Liangchi Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-scale Manufacturing Mechanics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- SUSTech Institute for Manufacturing Innovation, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhonghuai Wu
- Laboratory for Precision and Nano Processing Technologies, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Du C, Dai Y, Guan C, Hu H. Molecular Dynamic Investigation of the Anisotropic Response of Aluminum Surface by Ions Beam Sputtering. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12070848. [PMID: 34357258 PMCID: PMC8305627 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum optics are widely used in modern optical systems because of their high specific stiffness and high reflectance. With the applied optical frequency band moving to visible, traditional processing technology cannot meet the processing precision. Ion beam sputtering (IBS) provides a highly deterministic technology for high-precision aluminum optics fabrication. However, the surface quality is deteriorated after IBS. The interaction between the bombard atoms and the surface morphology evolution mechanism are not clear, and systematic research is needed. Thus, in this paper, the IBS process for single crystal aluminum with different crystallographic orientations are studied by the molecular dynamics method. The ion beam sputter process is firstly demonstrated. Then, the variation of sputter yield of the three crystal faces is analyzed. The sputter yield difference of different crystal surfaces causes the appearance of the relief structure. Then, the gravel structure generates on the single crystal surfaces and dominates the morphology evolution. The state of the atom diffusion of the specific crystal surfaces will determine the form of the gravel structure. Furthermore, the form and distribution of subsurface damage and stress distribution of three different crystal surfaces are analyzed. Although there are great differences in defect distribution, no stress concentration was found in three workpieces, which verifies that the ion beam sputter is a stress-free machining method. The process of IBS and the mechanism of morphology evolution of aluminum are revealed. The regularity and mechanism will provide a guidance for the application of IBS in aluminum optics manufacture fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Du
- College of Intelligence Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (C.D.); (Y.D.); (C.G.)
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Hu’nan Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yifan Dai
- College of Intelligence Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (C.D.); (Y.D.); (C.G.)
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Hu’nan Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Chaoliang Guan
- College of Intelligence Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (C.D.); (Y.D.); (C.G.)
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Hu’nan Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Hao Hu
- College of Intelligence Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (C.D.); (Y.D.); (C.G.)
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Hu’nan Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Correspondence:
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Microstructure and composition dependence of mechanical characteristics of nanoimprinted AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13680. [PMID: 34211093 PMCID: PMC8249401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93272-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics is applied to explore the deformation mechanism and crystal structure development of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys under nanoimprinting. The influences of crystal structure, alloy composition, grain size, and twin boundary distance on the mechanical properties are carefully analyzed. The imprinting load indicates that the highest loading force is in ascending order with polycrystalline, nano-twinned (NT) polycrystalline, and monocrystalline. The change in alloy composition suggests that the imprinting force increases as the Al content in the alloy increases. The reverse Hall–Petch relation found for the polycrystalline structure, while the Hall–Petch and reverse Hall–Petch relations are discovered in the NT-polycrystalline, which is due to the interactions between the dislocations and grain/twin boundaries (GBs/TBs). The deformation behavior shows that shear strain and local stress are concentrated not only around the punch but also on GBs and adjacent to GBs. The slide and twist of the GBs play a major in controlling the deformation mechanism of polycrystalline structure. The twin boundary migrations are detected during the nanoimprinting of the NT-polycrystalline. Furthermore, the elastic recovery of material is insensitive to changes in alloy composition and grain size, and the formability of the pattern is higher with a decrease in TB distance.
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Cui Y, Toku Y, Ju Y. Nanotwinning and tensile behavior in cold-welded high-entropy-alloy nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:315716. [PMID: 33853044 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abf7eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the fabrication technique for high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanowires/nanopillars is still in its infancy, neither experimental nor modeling analyses of their cold-welding performance have been reported. Based on insights accumulated in our previous experiments and simulations regarding cold-welded metallic nanowires, in this study, the cold-welding performance of HEA nanowires is probed by atomistic simulations. Among different materials, our simulations reveal that extensively twinned structures are formed in CoCrMnFeNi samples, but not in CoCrCuFeNi or Ni samples. The larger fracture strain in certain HEAs is due to the improved ductility around the fracturing area as well as multiple twinning. Unlike in Ni samples, the fracture strains in HEA samples, regardless of being cuboid or cylindrical, are improved by shrinking the sample size. Among different orientations, the [010]-direction monocrystalline nanowires fail at a strain over 0.6, which is almost double that of the [111] direction. The fracture strains in polycrystalline HEA samples are, on average, larger than those in polycrystalline Ni samples. Furthermore, fracture strains in randomly generated polycrystalline HEA samples are more predictable than those in polycrystalline Ni samples with identical grain configurations. As previously reported, dislocation emission is still a prerequisite to fracture in all cold-welded samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cui
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuhki Toku
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yang Ju
- Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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