1
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Wu Y, Yi M, Niu M, Zhou B, Mei Q, Wu K. Beyond success: unveiling the hidden potential of radiotherapy and immunotherapy in solid tumors. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 38837878 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors, has significantly transformed cancer treatment. Despite its success, many patients struggle to respond adequately or sustain long-lasting clinical improvement. A growing consensus has emerged that radiotherapy (RT) enhances the response rate and overall efficacy of immunotherapy. Although combining RT and immunotherapy has been extensively investigated in preclinical models and has shown promising results, establishing itself as a dynamic and thriving area of research, clinical evidence for this combination strategy over the past five years has shown both positive and disappointing results, suggesting the need for a more nuanced understanding. This review provides a balanced and updated analysis of the combination of immunotherapy and RT. We summarized the preclinical mechanisms through which RT boosts antitumor immune responses and mainly focused on the outcomes of recently updated clinical trials, including those that may not have met expectations. We investigated the optimization of the therapeutic potential of this combined strategy, including key challenges, such as fractionation and scheduling, lymph node irradiation, and toxicity. Finally, we offered insights into the prospects and challenges associated with the clinical translation of this combination therapy, providing a realistic perspective on the current state of research and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Binghan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
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2
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Hu X, Hu J, Pang Y, Wang M, Zhou W, Xie X, Zhu C, Wang X, Sun X. Application of nano-radiosensitizers in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1372780. [PMID: 38646428 PMCID: PMC11027897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1372780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy stands as a cornerstone in the treatment of numerous malignant tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. However, the critical challenge of amplifying the tumoricidal effectiveness of radiotherapy while minimizing collateral damage to healthy tissues remains an area of significant research interest. Radiosensitizers, by methods such as amplifying DNA damage and fostering the creation of free radicals, play a pivotal role in enhancing the destructive impact of radiotherapy on tumors. Over recent decades, nano-dimensional radiosensitizers have emerged as a notable advancement. Their mechanisms include cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, combating tumor hypoxia, and others, thereby enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy. This review delves into the evolving landscape of nanomaterials used for radiosensitization in non-small cell lung cancer. It provides insights into the current research progress and critically examines the challenges and future prospects within this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaonan Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Van Dingenen L, Segers C, Wouters S, Mysara M, Leys N, Kumar-Singh S, Malhotra-Kumar S, Van Houdt R. Dissecting the role of the gut microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in radio- and immunotherapy treatment of colorectal cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298264. [PMID: 38035338 PMCID: PMC10687483 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and poses a major burden on the human health worldwide. At the moment, treatment of CRC consists of surgery in combination with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. More recently, immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have also been approved for CRC treatment. In addition, recent studies have shown that radiotherapy and ICBs act synergistically, with radiotherapy stimulating the immune system that is activated by ICBs. However, both treatments are also associated with severe toxicity and efficacy issues, which can lead to temporary or permanent discontinuation of these treatment programs. There's growing evidence pointing to the gut microbiome playing a role in these issues. Some microorganisms seem to contribute to radiotherapy-associated toxicity and hinder ICB efficacy, while others seem to reduce radiotherapy-associated toxicity or enhance ICB efficacy. Consequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to reduce radio- and immunotherapy-related toxicity and enhance their efficacies. Here, we have reviewed the currently available preclinical and clinical data in CRC treatment, with a focus on how the gut microbiome influences radio- and immunotherapy toxicity and efficacy and if these treatments could benefit from FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Van Dingenen
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Segers
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Shari Wouters
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Bioinformatics Group, Center for Informatics Science, School of Information Technology and Computer Science, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Natalie Leys
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rob Van Houdt
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
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4
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Acter S, Moreau M, Ivkov R, Viswanathan A, Ngwa W. Polydopamine Nanomaterials for Overcoming Current Challenges in Cancer Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1656. [PMID: 37242072 PMCID: PMC10223368 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In efforts to overcome current challenges in cancer treatment, multifunctional nanoparticles are attracting growing interest, including nanoparticles made with polydopamine (PDA). PDA is a nature-inspired polymer with a dark brown color. It has excellent biocompatibility and is biodegradable, offering a range of extraordinary inherent advantages. These include excellent drug loading capability, photothermal conversion efficiency, and adhesive properties. Though the mechanism of dopamine polymerization remains unclear, PDA has demonstrated exceptional flexibility in engineering desired morphology and size, easy and straightforward functionalization, etc. Moreover, it offers enormous potential for designing multifunctional nanomaterials for innovative approaches in cancer treatment. The aim of this work is to review studies on PDA, where the potential to develop multifunctional nanomaterials with applications in photothermal therapy has been demonstrated. Future prospects of PDA for developing applications in enhancing radiotherapy and/or immunotherapy, including for image-guided drug delivery to boost therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahinur Acter
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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5
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Nelson BE, Adashek JJ, Lin SH, Subbiah V. The abscopal effect in patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy. MED 2023; 4:233-244. [PMID: 36893753 PMCID: PMC10116408 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the abscopal effect has been rekindled over the past decade with the advent of immunotherapy. Although purportedly elusive, this phenomenon is being increasingly reported. Venturing further using a multimodality approach with an array of systemic agents and unconventional modalities is direly needed. In this perspective, we describe the fundamentals of abscopal responses (ARs), explore combinations with systemic therapies that hold promise in eliciting ARs, and reconnoiter unconventional modalities that may induce ARs. Finally, we scrutinize prospective agents and modalities that exhibit preclinical ability to elicit ARs and discuss prognostic biomarkers, their limitations, and pathways of abscopal resistance for reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessie Elizabeth Nelson
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jacob J Adashek
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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6
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Petrovic LZ, Oumano M, Hanlon J, Arnoldussen M, Koruga I, Yasmin-Karim S, Ngwa W, Celli J. Image-Based Quantification of Gold Nanoparticle Uptake and Localization in 3D Tumor Models to Inform Radiosensitization Schedule. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030667. [PMID: 35336040 PMCID: PMC8953383 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown particular promise as radiosensitizing agents and as complementary drug delivery agents to improve therapeutic index in cancer treatment. Optimal implementation, however, depends critically on the localization of GNPs at the time of irradiation, which, in turn, depends on their size, shape, and chemical functionalization, as well as organism-level pharmacokinetics and interactions with the tumor microenvironment. Here, we use in vitro 3D cultures of A549 lung carcinoma cells, which recapitulate interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) components, combined with quantitative fluorescence imaging to study how time-dependent localization of ultrasmall GNPs in tumors and ECM impacts the degree of damage enhancement to tumor cells. Confocal imaging of fluorescence-labeled GNPs in 3D culture reveals that nanoparticles are initially embedded in ECM and only gradually accumulate in cancer cells over multiple days. Furthermore, the timing of GNP redistribution from ECM to cellular compartments directly impacts efficacy, with major damage enhancement when irradiation is performed after GNPs have accumulated significantly in 3D tumor nodules. These results underscore the importance of the timing and scheduling in treatment planning to ensure optimal radiosensitization, as well as the necessity of studying these effects in model systems that recapitulate elements of tumor microenvironment interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica Z. Petrovic
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Michael Oumano
- Medical Physics Program, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Justin Hanlon
- ZEISS Group, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA 94568, USA; (J.H.); (M.A.); (I.K.)
| | - Mark Arnoldussen
- ZEISS Group, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA 94568, USA; (J.H.); (M.A.); (I.K.)
| | - Igor Koruga
- ZEISS Group, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA 94568, USA; (J.H.); (M.A.); (I.K.)
| | | | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Medical Physics Program, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 02125, USA;
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
- Correspondence: (W.N.); (J.C.)
| | - Jonathan Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
- Correspondence: (W.N.); (J.C.)
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7
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Yasmin-Karim S, Wood J, Wirtz J, Moreau M, Bih N, Swanson W, Muflam A, Ainsworth V, Ziberi B, Ngwa W. Optimizing In Situ Vaccination During Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:711078. [PMID: 34765538 PMCID: PMC8577814 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.711078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective in situ cancer vaccines require both a means of tumor cell death and a source of adjuvant to activate local dendritic cells. Studies have shown that the use of radiotherapy (RT) to induce tumor cell death and anti-CD40 to activate dendritic cells can result in in situ vaccination in animal models. Here, investigations are carried out on potential strategies to enhance such in situ vaccination. Strategies investigated include the use of smart immunogenic biomaterials (IBM) loaded with anti-CD40 in different tumor types including immunologically cold tumors like pancreatic and prostate tumors. The use of downstream checkpoint inhibitors to further boost such in situ vaccination is also examined. Results indicate that the use of IBM to deliver the anti-CD40 significantly enhances the effectiveness of in situ vaccination with anti-CD40 compared with direct injection in pancreatic and prostate cancers (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). This finding is consistent with significant increase in infiltration of antigen-presenting cells in the treated tumor, and significant increase in the infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte into distant untreated tumors. Moreover, in situ vaccination with IBM is consistently observed across different tumor types. Meanwhile, the addition of downstream immune checkpoint inhibitors further enhances overall survival when using the IBM approach. Overall, the findings highlight potential avenues for enhancing in situ vaccination when combining radiotherapy with anti-CD40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeda Yasmin-Karim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jana Wood
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Veternary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Johanna Wirtz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Medical Faculty, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michele Moreau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Noella Bih
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - William Swanson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Ashley Muflam
- Department of Library and Information Science, Rutgers University New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Victoria Ainsworth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Bashkim Ziberi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Tetova, Tetova, North Macedonia
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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8
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Liu W, Chen B, Zheng H, Xing Y, Chen G, Zhou P, Qian L, Min Y. Advances of Nanomedicine in Radiotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111757. [PMID: 34834172 PMCID: PMC8622383 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) remains one of the current main treatment strategies for many types of cancer. However, how to improve RT efficiency while reducing its side effects is still a large challenge to be overcome. Advancements in nanomedicine have provided many effective approaches for radiosensitization. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) such as platinum-based or hafnium-based NPs are proved to be ideal radiosensitizers because of their unique physicochemical properties and high X-ray absorption efficiency. With nanoparticles, such as liposomes, bovine serum albumin, and polymers, the radiosensitizing drugs can be promoted to reach the tumor sites, thereby enhancing anti-tumor responses. Nowadays, the combination of some NPs and RT have been applied to clinical treatment for many types of cancer, including breast cancer. Here, as well as reviewing recent studies on radiotherapy combined with inorganic, organic, and biomimetic nanomaterials for oncology, we analyzed the underlying mechanisms of NPs radiosensitization, which may contribute to exploring new directions for the clinical translation of nanoparticle-based radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (W.L.); (P.Z.)
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Bio-X Interdisciplinary Science at Hefei National Laboratory (HFNL) for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (B.C.); (Y.M.)
| | - Haocheng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (G.C.)
- CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yun Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (G.C.)
- CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guiyuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (G.C.)
- CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Peijie Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (W.L.); (P.Z.)
| | - Liting Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (W.L.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuanzeng Min
- Department of Bio-X Interdisciplinary Science at Hefei National Laboratory (HFNL) for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (B.C.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (G.C.)
- CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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9
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Tselikas L, Champiat S, Sheth RA, Yevich S, Ammari S, Deschamps F, Farhane S, Roux C, Susini S, Mouraud S, Delpla A, Raoult T, Robert C, Massard C, Barlesi F, Soria JC, Marabelle A, de Baere T. Interventional Radiology for Local Immunotherapy in Oncology. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2698-2705. [PMID: 33419781 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human intratumoral immunotherapy (HIT-IT) is under rapid development, with promising preliminary results and high expectations for current phase III trials. While outcomes remain paramount for patients and the referring oncologists, the technical aspects of drug injection are critical to the interventional radiologist to ensure optimal and reproducible outcomes. The technical considerations for HIT-IT affect the safety, efficacy, and further development of this treatment option. Image-guided access to the tumor allows the therapeutic index of a treatment to be enhanced by increasing the intratumoral drug concentration while minimizing its systemic exposure and associated on-target off-tumor adverse events. Direct access to the tumor also enables the acquisition of cancer tissue for sequential sampling to better understand the pharmacodynamics of the injected immunotherapy and its efficacy through correlation of immune responses, pathologic responses, and imaging tumor response. The aim of this article is to share the technical insights of HIT-IT, with particular consideration for patient selection, lesion assessment, image guidance, and technical injection options. In addition, the organization of a standard patient workflow is discussed, so as to optimize HIT-IT outcome and the patient experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambros Tselikas
- Département d'Anesthésie, Chirurgie et Interventionnel (DACI), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. .,Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle en Immunothérapie (LRTI), INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Stephane Champiat
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Rahul A Sheth
- Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steve Yevich
- Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Samy Ammari
- Radiology Department, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Frederic Deschamps
- Département d'Anesthésie, Chirurgie et Interventionnel (DACI), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Siham Farhane
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Charles Roux
- Département d'Anesthésie, Chirurgie et Interventionnel (DACI), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sandrine Susini
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle en Immunothérapie (LRTI), INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Severine Mouraud
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle en Immunothérapie (LRTI), INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Delpla
- Département d'Anesthésie, Chirurgie et Interventionnel (DACI), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Thibault Raoult
- Service de Promotion des Etudes Cliniques (SPEC), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Robert
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Christophe Massard
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Aurélien Marabelle
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle en Immunothérapie (LRTI), INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierry de Baere
- Département d'Anesthésie, Chirurgie et Interventionnel (DACI), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
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10
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Role of nano-sensitizers in radiation therapy of metastatic tumors. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 26:100303. [PMID: 33454575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis remains the major cause of global cancer deaths. Radiation therapy remains one of the golden standards for cancer treatment. Nanomedicine based strategies have been designed and developed in order to improve the clinical outcomes of cancer therapy and diagnosis at molecular levels. Over the years, several researchers have shown their interest in using radiosensitizers made of high Z elements. Metal-based nanosystems also play a dual role by enhancing the synergistic effect of cell killing via various biological immune responses. This review summarizes the role of Nano-sensitizers in boosting radiation (ionizing/non-ionizing radiations) induced biological responses in treatment of metastatic cancer models.
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11
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Schuemann J, Bagley AF, Berbeco R, Bromma K, Butterworth KT, Byrne HL, Chithrani BD, Cho SH, Cook JR, Favaudon V, Gholami YH, Gargioni E, Hainfeld JF, Hespeels F, Heuskin AC, Ibeh UM, Kuncic Z, Kunjachan S, Lacombe S, Lucas S, Lux F, McMahon S, Nevozhay D, Ngwa W, Payne JD, Penninckx S, Porcel E, Prise KM, Rabus H, Ridwan SM, Rudek B, Sanche L, Singh B, Smilowitz HM, Sokolov KV, Sridhar S, Stanishevskiy Y, Sung W, Tillement O, Virani N, Yantasee W, Krishnan S. Roadmap for metal nanoparticles in radiation therapy: current status, translational challenges, and future directions. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:21RM02. [PMID: 32380492 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This roadmap outlines the potential roles of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the field of radiation therapy. MNPs made up of a wide range of materials (from Titanium, Z = 22, to Bismuth, Z = 83) and a similarly wide spectrum of potential clinical applications, including diagnostic, therapeutic (radiation dose enhancers, hyperthermia inducers, drug delivery vehicles, vaccine adjuvants, photosensitizers, enhancers of immunotherapy) and theranostic (combining both diagnostic and therapeutic), are being fabricated and evaluated. This roadmap covers contributions from experts in these topics summarizing their view of the current status and challenges, as well as expected advancements in technology to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schuemann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America
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12
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Wang D, Zhang X, Gao Y, Cui X, Yang Y, Mao W, Li M, Zhang B, Yu J. Research Progress and Existing Problems for Abscopal Effect. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6695-6706. [PMID: 32801902 PMCID: PMC7413699 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy plays a vital role in the treatment of tumours. In particular, the occurrence of the “abscopal effect” brings about a favourable turn for the treatment of patients with advanced metastatic malignant tumours. Because of the abscopal effect, non-irradiated areas are also treated. However, the abscopal effect occurs by chance, not through seeking. Although the abscopal effect has been studied enthusiastically, the desired result does not appear to be achieved. Moreover, its combination with immunotherapy appears to be overwhelming. There is an opinion that abscopal effect is difficult to achieve by irradiation of a single tumour, and irradiation of multiple or total lesions is advocated to increase the possibility of obtaining clinically meaningful outcomes. Obviously, there are still questions about the mechanism, condition and possibility underlying the occurrence of the abscopal effect. Can the abscopal effect truly change the future treatment strategy as the researchers expect? What are the current problems? This article reviewed the research in recent years to explore the progress and controversy surrounding the abscopal effect of radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Mao
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Single Radiotherapy Fraction with Local Anti-CD40 Therapy Generates Effective Abscopal Responses in Mouse Models of Cervical Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12041026. [PMID: 32331490 PMCID: PMC7226489 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12041026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options for advanced cervical cancer are limited, especially for patients in poor-resource settings, with a 17% 5-year overall survival rate. Here, we report results in animal models of advanced cervical cancer, showing that anti-CD40 therapy can effectively boost the abscopal effect, whereby radiotherapy of a tumor at one site can engender therapeutically significant responses in tumors at distant untreated sites. In this study, two subcutaneous cervical cancer tumors representing one primary and one metastatic tumor were generated in each animal. Only the primary tumor was treated and the responses of both tumors were monitored. The study was repeated as a function of different treatment parameters, including radiotherapy dose and dosing schedule of immunoadjuvant anti-CD40. The results consistently suggest that one fraction dose of radiotherapy with a single dose of agonistic anti-CD40 can generate highly effective abscopal responses, with a significant increase in animal survival (p = 0.0004). Overall, 60% of the mice treated with this combination showed long term survival with complete tumor regression, where tumors of mice in other cohorts continued to grow. Moreover, re-challenged responders to the treatment developed vitiligo, suggesting developed immune memory for this cancer. The findings offer a potential new therapy approach, which could be further investigated and developed for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer, with major potential impact, especially in resource-poor settings.
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14
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Efficacy and safety of combination immunotherapy for malignant solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 138:178-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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15
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Leaman Alcibar O, Candini D, López-Campos F, Albert Antequera M, Morillo Macías V, Conde AJ, Rodríguez Pérez A, Hervás Morón A, Contreras Martínez J, Ferrer Albiach C, Navarro Aguilar S, Rodríguez-Ruiz ME. Time for radioimmunotherapy: an overview to bring improvements in clinical practice. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:992-1004. [PMID: 30644044 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-02027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing the patient's own immune system against an established cancer has proven to be a successful strategy. Within the last years, several antibodies blocking critical "checkpoints" that control the activation of T cells, the immune cells able to kill cancer cells, have been approved for the use in patients with different tumours. Unfortunately, these cases remain a minority. Over the last years, radiotherapy has been reported as a means to turn a patient's own tumour into an in situ vaccine and generate anti-tumour T cells in patients who lack sufficient anti-tumour immunity. Indeed, review data show that the strategy of blocking multiple selected immune inhibitory targets in combination with radiotherapy has the potential to unleash powerful anti-tumour responses and improve the outcome of metastatic solid tumours. Here, we review the principal tumours where research in this field has led to new knowledge and where radioimmunotherapy becomes a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Leaman Alcibar
- Radiation Oncology Department, Central University Hospital of Defence Gómez Ulla, Madrid, Spain.
| | - D Candini
- Radiation Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - F López-Campos
- Radiation Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Albert Antequera
- Radiation Oncology Department, La Ribera University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Morillo Macías
- Radiation Oncology Department, General Hospital in Castellón de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - A J Conde
- Radiation Oncology Department, The University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez Pérez
- Radiation Oncology Department, Internacional Ruber Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Hervás Morón
- Radiation Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - C Ferrer Albiach
- Radiation Oncology Department, General Hospital in Castellón de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - S Navarro Aguilar
- Radiation Oncology Department, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institut, Ricardo Palma Clinic, Lima, Peru
| | - M E Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Navarra Clinic and CIMA, Navarra, Spain
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16
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Marabelle A, Andtbacka R, Harrington K, Melero I, Leidner R, de Baere T, Robert C, Ascierto PA, Baurain JF, Imperiale M, Rahimian S, Tersago D, Klumper E, Hendriks M, Kumar R, Stern M, Öhrling K, Massacesi C, Tchakov I, Tse A, Douillard JY, Tabernero J, Haanen J, Brody J. Starting the fight in the tumor: expert recommendations for the development of human intratumoral immunotherapy (HIT-IT). Ann Oncol 2018; 29:2163-2174. [PMID: 30295695 PMCID: PMC6290929 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)-sponsored expert meeting was held in Paris on 8 March 2018 which comprised 11 experts from academia, 11 experts from the pharmaceutical industry and 2 clinicians who were representatives of ESMO. The focus of the meeting was exclusively on the intratumoral injection/delivery of immunostimulatory agents with the aim of harmonizing the standard terms and methodologies used in the reporting of human intratumoral immunotherapy (HIT-IT) clinical trials to ensure quality assurance and avoid a blurring of the data reported from different studies. The goal was to provide a reference document, endorsed by the panel members that could provide guidance to clinical investigators, pharmaceutical companies, ethics committees, independent review boards, patient advocates and the regulatory authorities and promote an increase in the number and quality of HIT-IT clinical trials in the future. Particular emphasis was placed not only on the development of precise definitions to facilitate a better understanding between investigators but also on the importance of systematic serial biopsies as a driver for translational research and the need for the recording and reporting of data, to facilitate a better understanding of the key processes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marabelle
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - R Andtbacka
- Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - K Harrington
- The Royal Marsden/The Institute of Cancer Research, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Centre, London, UK
| | - I Melero
- Clinica Universidad de Navarra and CIBERONC, Pamplona, Spain
| | - R Leidner
- Providence Cancer Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, USA
| | - T de Baere
- Department of Image Guided Therapy, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif
| | - C Robert
- Department of Dermatology, Institute Gustave-Roussy, Paris, France
| | - P A Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - J-F Baurain
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - D Tersago
- Clinical Development, Bioncotech Therapeutics, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M Hendriks
- Aduro Biotech, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R Kumar
- MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, USA
| | | | | | - C Massacesi
- Global Product Development Oncology, Pfizer, USA
| | | | - A Tse
- Oncology Early Development, Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, USA
| | | | - J Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Haanen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Brody
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA
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17
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Evans ER, Bugga P, Asthana V, Drezek R. Metallic Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2018; 21:673-685. [PMID: 30197553 PMCID: PMC6124314 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, or the utilization of the body's immune system to attack tumor cells, has gained prominence over the past few decades as a viable cancer treatment strategy. Recently approved immunotherapeutics have conferred remission upon patients with previously bleak outcomes and have expanded the number of tools available to treat cancer. Nanoparticles -including polymeric, liposomal, and metallic formulations - naturally traffic to the spleen and lymph organs and the relevant immune cells therein, making them good candidates for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents. Metallic nanoparticle formulations in particular are advantageous because of their potential for dense surface functionalization and their capability for optical or heat based therapeutic methods. Many research groups have investigated the potential of nanoparticle-mediated delivery platforms to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies. Despite the significant preclinical successes demonstrated by many of these platforms over the last twenty years, few metallic nanoparticles have successfully entered clinical trials with none achieving FDA approval for cancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss preclinical research and clinical trials involving metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) for cancer immunotherapy applications and discuss the potential for clinical translation of MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Reiser Evans
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Pallavi Bugga
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Vishwaratn Asthana
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Rebekah Drezek
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
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18
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Brix N, Tiefenthaller A, Anders H, Belka C, Lauber K. Abscopal, immunological effects of radiotherapy: Narrowing the gap between clinical and preclinical experiences. Immunol Rev 2018; 280:249-279. [PMID: 29027221 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy-despite being a local therapy that meanwhile is characterized by an impressively high degree of spatial accuracy-can stimulate systemic phenomena which occasionally lead to regression and rejection of non-irradiated, distant tumor lesions. These abscopal effects of local irradiation have been observed in sporadic clinical case reports since the beginning of the 20th century, and extensive preclinical work has contributed to identify systemic anti-tumor immune responses as the underlying driving forces. Although abscopal tumor regression still remains a rare event in the radiotherapeutic routine, increasing numbers of cases are being reported, particularly since the clinical implementation of immune checkpoint inhibiting agents. Accordingly, interests to systematically exploit the therapeutic potential of radiotherapy-stimulated systemic responses are constantly growing. The present review briefly delineates the history of radiotherapy-induced abscopal effects and the activation of systemic anti-tumor immune responses by local irradiation. We discuss preclinical and clinical reports with specific focus on the corresponding controversies, and we propose issues that should be addressed in the future in order to narrow the gap between preclinical knowledge and clinical experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikko Brix
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Tiefenthaller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Anders
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium Partner Site München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
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19
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Ngwa W, Irabor OC, Schoenfeld JD, Hesser J, Demaria S, Formenti SC. Using immunotherapy to boost the abscopal effect. Nat Rev Cancer 2018; 18:313-322. [PMID: 29449659 PMCID: PMC5912991 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2018.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 732] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
More than 60 years ago, the effect whereby radiotherapy at one site may lead to regression of metastatic cancer at distant sites that are not irradiated was described and called the abscopal effect (from 'ab scopus', that is, away from the target). The abscopal effect has been connected to mechanisms involving the immune system. However, the effect is rare because at the time of treatment, established immune-tolerance mechanisms may hamper the development of sufficiently robust abscopal responses. Today, the growing consensus is that combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy provides an opportunity to boost abscopal response rates, extending the use of radiotherapy to treatment of both local and metastatic disease. In this Opinion article, we review evidence for this growing consensus and highlight emerging limitations to boosting the abscopal effect using immunotherapy. This is followed by a perspective on current and potential cross-disciplinary approaches, including the use of smart materials to address these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Ngwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Omoruyi Credit Irabor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Schoenfeld
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jürgen Hesser
- University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3. D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, Box 169, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia C. Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, Box 169, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Moreau M, Yasmin-Karim S, Kunjachan S, Sinha N, Gremse F, Kumar R, Chow KF, Ngwa W. Priming the Abscopal Effect Using Multifunctional Smart Radiotherapy Biomaterials Loaded with Immunoadjuvants. Front Oncol 2018; 8:56. [PMID: 29594038 PMCID: PMC5857738 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the use of multifunctional smart radiotherapy biomaterials (SRBs) loaded with immunoadjuvants for boosting the abscopal effect of local radiotherapy (RT). SRBs were designed similar to currently used inert RT biomaterials, incorporating a biodegradable polymer with reservoir for loading payloads of the immunoadjuvant anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody. Lung (LLC1) tumors were generated both on the right and left flank of each mouse, with the left tumor representing metastasis. The mice were randomized and divided into eight cohorts with four cohorts receiving image-guided RT (IGRT) at 5 Gy and another similar four cohorts at 0 Gy. IGRT and Computed Tomography (CT) imaging were performed using a small animal radiation research platform (SARRP). Tumor volume measurements for both flank tumors and animal survival was assessed over 25 weeks. Tumor volume measurements showed significantly enhanced inhibition in growth for the right flank tumors of mice in the cohort treated with SRBs loaded with CD40 mAbs and IGRT. Results also suggest that the use of polymeric SRBs with CD40 mAbs without RT could generate an immune response, consistent with previous studies showing such response when using anti-CD40. Overall, 60% of mice treated with SRBs showed complete tumor regression during the observation period, compared to 10% for cohorts administered with anti-CD40 mAbs, but no SRB. Complete tumor regression was not observed in any other cohorts. The findings justify more studies varying RT doses and quantifying the immune-cell populations involved when using SRBs. Such SRBs could be developed to replace currently used RT biomaterials, allowing not only for geometric accuracy during RT, but also for extending RT to the treatment of metastatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Moreau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Sayeda Yasmin-Karim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sijumon Kunjachan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Neeharika Sinha
- Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Felix Gremse
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Electronic Materials Research Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kwok Fan Chow
- Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Wilfred Ngwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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21
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Mulder WJM, Gnjatic S. Cancer Immunotherapy: From local to global. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:840-841. [PMID: 28875982 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem J M Mulder
- Department of Radiology and at the Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, and in the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Department of Medicine (Hematology and Medical Oncology Division), the Department of Oncological Sciences, and at the Tisch Cancer Institute and Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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22
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Ngwa W, Ouyang Z. Following the Preclinical Data: Leveraging the Abscopal Effect More Efficaciously. Front Oncol 2017; 7:66. [PMID: 28447024 PMCID: PMC5388832 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is employed in the treatment of over 50% of cancer patients. However, this therapy approach is limited to mainly treating localized disease. In 1953, Mole described the remarkable abscopal effect, whereby, localized radiotherapy of a patient’s primary tumor might engender regression of cancer at distant sites, which were not irradiated. Current consensus is that if the abscopal effect can be efficaciously leveraged, it would transform the field of radiation oncology, extending the use of radiotherapy to treatment of both localized and metastatic disease. A close examination of the literature on the abscopal effect proffers a disruptive new hypothesis for consideration in future clinical trials. This hypothesis is that generating a subcutaneous human tumor autograft as the primary tumor may be a more efficacious approach to prime the abscopal effect. Following the preclinical data, the merits and demerits of such an approach are examined in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Ngwa
- Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zi Ouyang
- Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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23
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Dua K, Shukla SD, de Jesus Andreoli Pinto T, Hansbro PM. Nanotechnology: Advancing the translational respiratory research. Interv Med Appl Sci 2017; 9:39-41. [PMID: 28932494 PMCID: PMC5598120 DOI: 10.1556/1646.9.2017.1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the various limitations associated with the conventional dosage forms, nanotechnology is gaining increased attention in drug delivery particularly in respiratory medicine and research because of its advantages like targeting effects, improved pharmacotherapy, and patient compliance. This paper provides a quick snapshot about the recent trends and applications of nanotechnology to various translational and formulation scientists working on various respiratory diseases, which can help paving a new path in developing effective drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Shakti Dhar Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Ngwa W, Boateng F, Kumar R, Irvine DJ, Formenti S, Ngoma T, Herskind C, Veldwijk MR, Hildenbrand GL, Hausmann M, Wenz F, Hesser J. Smart Radiation Therapy Biomaterials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016; 97:624-637. [PMID: 28126309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is a crucial component of cancer care, used in the treatment of over 50% of cancer patients. Patients undergoing image guided RT or brachytherapy routinely have inert RT biomaterials implanted into their tumors. The single function of these RT biomaterials is to ensure geometric accuracy during treatment. Recent studies have proposed that the inert biomaterials could be upgraded to "smart" RT biomaterials, designed to do more than 1 function. Such smart biomaterials include next-generation fiducial markers, brachytherapy spacers, and balloon applicators, designed to respond to stimuli and perform additional desirable functions like controlled delivery of therapy-enhancing payloads directly into the tumor subvolume while minimizing normal tissue toxicities. More broadly, smart RT biomaterials may include functionalized nanoparticles that can be activated to boost RT efficacy. This work reviews the rationale for smart RT biomaterials, the state of the art in this emerging cross-disciplinary research area, challenges and opportunities for further research and development, and a purview of potential clinical applications. Applications covered include using smart RT biomaterials for boosting cancer therapy with minimal side effects, combining RT with immunotherapy or chemotherapy, reducing treatment time or health care costs, and other incipient applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Ngwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts.
| | - Francis Boateng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Silvia Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Twalib Ngoma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | - Carsten Herskind
- University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marlon R Veldwijk
- University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Michael Hausmann
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik Wenz
- University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juergen Hesser
- University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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