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Tinganelli W, Luoni F, Durante M. What can space radiation protection learn from radiation oncology? LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2021; 30:82-95. [PMID: 34281668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protection from cosmic radiation of crews of long-term space missions is now becoming an urgent requirement to allow a safe colonization of the moon and Mars. Epidemiology provides little help to quantify the risk, because the astronaut group is small and as yet mostly involved in low-Earth orbit mission, whilst the usual cohorts used for radiation protection on Earth (e.g. atomic bomb survivors) were exposed to a radiation quality substantially different from the energetic charged particle field found in space. However, there are over 260,000 patients treated with accelerated protons or heavier ions for different types of cancer, and this cohort may be useful for quantifying the effects of space-like radiation in humans. Space radiation protection and particle therapy research also share the same tools and devices, such as accelerators and detectors, as well as several research topics, from nuclear fragmentation cross sections to the radiobiology of densely ionizing radiation. The transfer of the information from the cancer radiotherapy field to space is manifestly complicated, yet the two field should strengthen their relationship and exchange methods and data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Tinganelli
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Francesca Luoni
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Physik Kondensierter Materie, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marco Durante
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Physik Kondensierter Materie, Darmstadt, Germany.
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Muraro S, Battistoni G, Collamati F, De Lucia E, Faccini R, Ferroni F, Fiore S, Frallicciardi P, Marafini M, Mattei I, Morganti S, Paramatti R, Piersanti L, Pinci D, Rucinski A, Russomando A, Sarti A, Sciubba A, Solfaroli-Camillocci E, Toppi M, Traini G, Voena C, Patera V. Monitoring of Hadrontherapy Treatments by Means of Charged Particle Detection. Front Oncol 2016; 6:177. [PMID: 27536555 PMCID: PMC4972018 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of the incoming beam radiation with the patient body in hadrontherapy treatments produces secondary charged and neutral particles, whose detection can be used for monitoring purposes and to perform an on-line check of beam particle range. In the context of ion-therapy with active scanning, charged particles are potentially attractive since they can be easily tracked with a high efficiency, in presence of a relatively low background contamination. In order to verify the possibility of exploiting this approach for in-beam monitoring in ion-therapy, and to guide the design of specific detectors, both simulations and experimental tests are being performed with ion beams impinging on simple homogeneous tissue-like targets (PMMA). From these studies, a resolution of the order of few millimeters on the single track has been proven to be sufficient to exploit charged particle tracking for monitoring purposes, preserving the precision achievable on longitudinal shape. The results obtained so far show that the measurement of charged particles can be successfully implemented in a technology capable of monitoring both the dose profile and the position of the Bragg peak inside the target and finally lead to the design of a novel profile detector. Crucial aspects to be considered are the detector positioning, to be optimized in order to maximize the available statistics, and the capability of accounting for the multiple scattering interactions undergone by the charged fragments along their exit path from the patient body. The experimental results collected up to now are also valuable for the validation of Monte Carlo simulation software tools and their implementation in Treatment Planning Software packages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erika De Lucia
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell’INFN, Frascati, Italy
| | - Riccardo Faccini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Fernando Ferroni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Paola Frallicciardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerche Cliniche Ecomedia, Empoli, Italy
| | - Michela Marafini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “E. Fermi”, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Morganti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Luca Piersanti
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell’INFN, Frascati, Italy
| | | | - Antoni Rucinski
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Russomando
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Sarti
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “E. Fermi”, Roma, Italy
| | - Adalberto Sciubba
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “E. Fermi”, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Marco Toppi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell’INFN, Frascati, Italy
| | - Giacomo Traini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Patera
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “E. Fermi”, Roma, Italy
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