1
|
Generalova AN, Vikhrov AA, Prostyakova AI, Apresyan SV, Stepanov AG, Myasoedov MS, Oleinikov VA. Polymers in 3D printing of external maxillofacial prostheses and in their retention systems. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124181. [PMID: 38697583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Maxillofacial defects, arising from trauma, oncological disease or congenital abnormalities, detrimentally affect daily life. Prosthetic repair offers the aesthetic and functional reconstruction with the help of materials mimicking natural tissues. 3D polymer printing enables the design of patient-specific prostheses with high structural complexity, as well as rapid and low-cost fabrication on-demand. However, 3D printing for prosthetics is still in the early stage of development and faces various challenges for widespread use. This is because the most suitable polymers for maxillofacial restoration are soft materials that do not have the required printability, mechanical strength of the printed parts, as well as functionality. This review focuses on the challenges and opportunities of 3D printing techniques for production of polymer maxillofacial prostheses using computer-aided design and modeling software. Review discusses the widely used polymers, as well as their blends and composites, which meet the most important assessment criteria, such as the physicochemical, biological, aesthetic properties and processability in 3D printing. In addition, strategies for improving the polymer properties, such as their printability, mechanical strength, and their ability to print multimaterial and architectural structures are highlighted. The current state of the prosthetic retention system is presented with a focus on actively used polymer adhesives and the recently implemented prosthesis-supporting osseointegrated implants, with an emphasis on their creation from 3D-printed polymers. The successful prosthetics is discussed in terms of the specificity of polymer materials at the restoration site. The approaches and technological prospects are also explored through the examples of the nasal, auricle and ocular prostheses, ranging from prototypes to end-use products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alla N Generalova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Vikhrov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna I Prostyakova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Samvel V Apresyan
- Institute of Digital Dentistry, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander G Stepanov
- Institute of Digital Dentistry, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim S Myasoedov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Oleinikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Silva JC, Marcelino P, Meneses J, Barbosa F, Moura CS, Marques AC, Cabral JMS, Pascoal-Faria P, Alves N, Morgado J, Ferreira FC, Garrudo FFF. Synergy between 3D-extruded electroconductive scaffolds and electrical stimulation to improve bone tissue engineering strategies. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2771-2794. [PMID: 38384239 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02673f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a simple, reliable, and versatile strategy to create 3D electroconductive scaffolds suitable for bone tissue engineering (TE) applications with electrical stimulation (ES). The proposed scaffolds are made of 3D-extruded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), subjected to alkaline treatment, and of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), anchored to PCL with one of two different crosslinkers: (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS) and divinyl sulfone (DVS). Both cross-linkers allowed the formation of a homogenous and continuous coating of PEDOT:PSS to PCL. We show that these PEDOT:PSS coatings are electroconductive (11.3-20.1 S cm-1), stable (up to 21 days in saline solution), and allow the immobilization of gelatin (Gel) to further improve bioactivity. In vitro mineralization of the corresponding 3D conductive scaffolds was greatly enhanced (GOPS(NaOH)-Gel - 3.1 fold, DVS(NaOH)-Gel - 2.0 fold) and cell colonization and proliferation were the highest for the DVS(NaOH)-Gel scaffold. In silico modelling of ES application in DVS(NaOH)-Gel scaffolds indicates that the electrical field distribution is homogeneous, which reduces the probability of formation of faradaic products. Osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) was performed under ES. Importantly, our results clearly demonstrated a synergistic effect of scaffold electroconductivity and ES on the enhancement of MSC osteogenic differentiation, particularly on cell-secreted calcium deposition and the upregulation of osteogenic gene markers such as COL I, OC and CACNA1C. These scaffolds hold promise for future clinical applications, including manufacturing of personalized bone TE grafts for transplantation with enhanced maturation/functionality or bioelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João C Silva
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Pedro Marcelino
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
| | - João Meneses
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
| | - Frederico Barbosa
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Carla S Moura
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana C Marques
- CERENA, DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Paula Pascoal-Faria
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
- Department of Mathematics, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Morro do Lena-Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory Arise, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Alves
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal-Zona Industrial, Marinha Grande 2430-028, Portugal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Morro do Lena-Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory Arise, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Morgado
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Frederico Castelo Ferreira
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Fábio F F Garrudo
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Avenida. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reizabal A, Saiz PG, Luposchainsky S, Liashenko I, Chasko D, Lanceros-Méndez S, Lindberg G, Dalton PD. Cryo-Electrohydrodynamic Jetting of Aqueous Silk Fibroin Solutions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1843-1855. [PMID: 37988293 PMCID: PMC10934238 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of 3D-printing principles with electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jetting provides a harmonious balance between resolution and processing speed, allowing for the creation of high-resolution centimeter-scale constructs. Typically, EHD jetting of polymer melts offers the advantage of rapid solidification, while processing polymer solutions requires solvent evaporation to transition into solid fibers, creating challenges for reliable printing. This study navigates a hybrid approach aimed at minimizing printing instabilities by combining viscous solutions and achieving rapid solidification through freezing. Our method introduces and fully describes a modified open-source 3D printer equipped with a frozen collector that operates at -35 °C. As a proof of concept, highly concentrated silk fibroin aqueous solutions are processed into stable micrometer scale jets, which rapidly solidify upon contact with the frozen collector. This results in the formation of uniform microfibers characterized by an average diameter of 27 ± 5 μm, a textured surface, and porous internal channels. The absence of instabilities and the notably fast direct writing speed of 42 mm·s-1 enable precise, fast, and reliable deposition of these fibers into porous constructs spanning several centimeters. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated by the consistent production of biologically relevant scaffolds that can be customized with varying pore sizes and shapes. The achieved degree of control over micrometric jet solidification and deposition dynamics represents a significant advancement in EHD jetting, particularly within the domain of aqueous polymer solutions, offering new opportunities for the development of intricate and functional biological structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ander Reizabal
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
- BCMaterials,
Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Bldg. Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science
Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Paula G. Saiz
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
- Macromolecular
Chemistry Group (LABQUIMAC), Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, E-48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Simon Luposchainsky
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
| | - Ievgenii Liashenko
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
| | - DeShea Chasko
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
| | | | - Gabriella Lindberg
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Phil
and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, Oregon, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
von Witzleben M, Hahn J, Richter RF, de Freitas B, Steyer E, Schütz K, Vater C, Bernhardt A, Elschner C, Gelinsky M. Tailoring the pore design of embroidered structures by melt electrowriting to enhance the cell alignment in scaffold-based tendon reconstruction. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 156:213708. [PMID: 38029698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering of ligaments and tendons aims to reproduce the complex and hierarchical tissue structure while meeting the biomechanical and biological requirements. For the first time, the additive manufacturing methods of embroidery technology and melt electrowriting (MEW) were combined to mimic these properties closely. The mechanical benefits of embroidered structures were paired with a superficial micro-scale structure to provide a guide pattern for directional cell growth. An evaluation of several previously reported MEW fiber architectures was performed. The designs with the highest cell orientation of primary dermal fibroblasts were then applied to embroidery structures and subsequently evaluated using human adipose-derived stem cells (AT-MSC). The addition of MEW fibers resulted in the formation of a mechanically robust layer on the embroidered scaffolds, leading to composite structures with mechanical properties comparable to those of the anterior cruciate ligament. Furthermore, the combination of embroidered and MEW structures supports a higher cell orientation of AT-MSC compared to embroidered structures alone. Collagen coating further promoted cell attachment. Thus, these investigations provide a sound basis for the fabrication of heterogeneous and hierarchical synthetic tendon and ligament substitutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max von Witzleben
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Hahn
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Institute of Polymer Materials, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ron F Richter
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bianca de Freitas
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emily Steyer
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Cindy Elschner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Institute of Polymer Materials, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
von Witzleben M, Stoppe T, Zeinalova A, Chen Z, Ahlfeld T, Bornitz M, Bernhardt A, Neudert M, Gelinsky M. Multimodal additive manufacturing of biomimetic tympanic membrane replacements with near tissue-like acousto-mechanical and biological properties. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:124-141. [PMID: 37696412 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The three additive manufacturing techniques fused deposition modeling, gel plotting and melt electrowriting were combined to develop a mimicry of the tympanic membrane (TM) to tackle large TM perforations caused by chronic otitis media. The mimicry of the collagen fiber orientation of the TM was accompanied by a study of multiple funnel-shaped mimics of the TM morphology, resulting in mechanical and acoustic properties similar to those of the eardrum. For the different 3D printing techniques used, the process parameters were optimized to allow reasonable microfiber arrangements within the melt electrowriting setup. Interestingly, the fiber pattern was less important for the acousto-mechanical properties than the overall morphology. Furthermore, the behavior of keratinocytes and fibroblasts is crucial for the repair of the TM, and an in vitro study showed a high biocompatibility of both primary cell types while mimicking the respective cell layers of the TM. A simulation of the in vivo ingrowth of both cell types resulted in a cell growth orientation similar to the original collagen fiber orientation of the TM. Overall, the combined approach showed all the necessary parameters to support the growth of a neo-epithelial layer with a similar structure and morphology to the original membrane. It therefore offers a suitable alternative to autologous materials for the treatment of chronic otitis media. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Millions of people worldwide suffer from chronic middle ear infections. Although the tympanic membrane (TM) can be reconstructed with autologous materials, the grafts used for this purpose require extensive manual preparation during surgery. This affects not only the hearing ability but also the stability of the reconstructed TM, especially in the case of full TM reconstruction. The synthetic alternative presented here mimicked not only the fibrous structure of the TM but also its morphology, resulting in similar acousto-mechanical properties. Furthermore, its high biocompatibility supported the migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts to form a neo-epithelial layer. Overall, this completely new TM replacement was achieved by combining three different additive manufacturing processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max von Witzleben
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Stoppe
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ear Research Center Dresden (ERCD), Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alina Zeinalova
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ear Research Center Dresden (ERCD), Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Bornitz
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ear Research Center Dresden (ERCD), Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Neudert
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ear Research Center Dresden (ERCD), Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dewey MJ, Chang RSH, Nosatov AV, Janssen K, Crotts SJ, Hollister SJ, Harley BAC. Generative design approach to combine architected Voronoi foams with porous collagen scaffolds to create a tunable composite biomaterial. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.05.556448. [PMID: 37732275 PMCID: PMC10508746 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.05.556448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative biomaterials for musculoskeletal defects must address multi-scale mechanical challenges. We are developing biomaterials for craniomaxillofacial bone defects that are often large and irregularly shaped. These require close conformal contact between implant and defect margins to aid healing. While we have identified a mineralized collagen scaffold that promotes mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo, its mechanical performance is insufficient for surgical translation. We report a generative design approach to create scaffold-mesh composites by embedding a macro-scale polymeric Voronoi mesh into the mineralized collagen scaffold. The mechanics of architected foam reinforced composites are defined by a rigorous predictive moduli equation. We show biphasic composites localize strain during loading. Further, planar and 3D mesh-scaffold composites can be rapidly shaped to aid conformal fitting. Voronoi-based composites overcome traditional porosity-mechanics relationship limits while enabling rapid shaping of regenerative implants to conformally fit complex defects unique for individual patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Moretti M, Rossi A. Closed-Loop Filament Feed Control in Fused Filament Fabrication. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:500-513. [PMID: 37346190 PMCID: PMC10280219 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an additive manufacturing process where a thermoplastic polymeric material, provided in the form of a filament, is extruded to create layers. Achieving a consistent flow of the extruded material is key to ensure quality of the final part. Extrudate flow depends on many factors; among these, the rate at which the filament is fed into the extruder. In a conventional FFF machine, filament transport is achieved through the use of a drive gear. However, slippage between the gear and the filament may occur, leading to reduced transport and the consequent local decrease of extrudate flow rate, which in turn leads to a series of imperfections in the fabricated part due to underextrusion, including reduced density. In this work, we propose a closed-loop control system to ensure the correct filament transport to the extruder. The system works through the comparison between the nominal transport of the filament and the actual filament transport measured using an encoder. The measured value is used to correct the filament feed rate in real time, ensuring a material flow close to the nominal one, regardless of the other process parameters. In this work, an instrumented FFF machine prototype was used to investigate the performance of the approach. For validation, parts were realized using different process parameters, while enabling and disabling the closed-loop control system. Results showed that the relative filament transport error decreased from up to 9% to below 0.25% and a density increase up to ∼10% regardless of the process parameters, as well as the reduction of interlayer and intralayer voids, as highlighted through cross-sectional imaging of realized samples. A reduction of defects on realized parts was observed, especially at higher fabrication feed rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Moretti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Arianna Rossi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim HS, Park J, Ha HS, Baek S, Lee CH, Lee K, Park S, Kim J, Yi SW, Sung HJ. Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0137. [PMID: 37228635 PMCID: PMC10204741 DOI: 10.34133/research.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts, skin bandages, and joint protectors. Currently, an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic stresses. Here, the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration ("adipoconductive") after surgical defects are made. The membrane has the following key characteristics: (a) It contains a panel of honeycomb structures, thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane; (b) a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity, thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing; and (c) thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur sporadically. The elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above Tm. The structure can then be fixed as the temperature decreases. As a result, the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Seon Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Park
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Su Ha
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sewoom Baek
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyubae Lee
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Suji Park
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Won Yi
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- TMD LAB Co. Ltd., 6th Floor, 31, Gwangnaru-ro 8-gil,
Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04799, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project,
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- TMD LAB Co. Ltd., 6th Floor, 31, Gwangnaru-ro 8-gil,
Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04799, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xie J, Gao Q, Del Prado ZN, Venkateswaran N, Mousa HM, Salero E, Ye J, De Juan-Pardo EM, Sabater AL, Perez VL. Establishment of a bi-layered tissue engineered conjunctiva using a 3D-printed melt electrowritten poly-(ε-caprolactone) scaffold. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:215-232. [PMID: 35932420 PMCID: PMC9902434 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To utilize melt electrowriting (MEW) technology using poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) coupled with a 2-step co-culturing strategy for the development of a conjunctival bi-layer synthetic construct. METHODS Melt electrowritten scaffolds using PCL were fabricated using an in-house-built MEW printer. Human conjunctival stromal cells (CjSCs) and epithelial cells (CjECs) were isolated from donor tissue. A 2-step co-culture method was done by first seeding the CjSCs and culturing for 4 weeks to establish a stromal layer, followed by CjECs and co-culturing for 2 more weeks. Cultured cells were each characterized by morphology and marker expression on immunofluorescence and qPCR. The produced construct was assessed for cellular proliferation using viability assays. The bi-layer morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, and immunofluorescence imaging. The expression of extracellular matrix components and TGF-b was evaluated using qPCR. RESULTS CjSCs were spindle-shaped and vimentin + while CjECs were polygonal and CK13 + . CjSCs showed consistent proliferation and optimal adherence with the scaffold at the 4-week culture mark. A 2-layered construct consisting of a CjSC-composed stromal layer and a CjEC-composed epithelial layer was appreciated on confocal microscopy, SEM, and immunofluorescence. CjSCs secreted collagens (types I, V, VI) but at differing amounts from natural tissue while TGF-b production was comparable. CONCLUSION The 3D-printed melt electrowritten PCL scaffold paired with the 2-step co-culturing conditions of the scaffold allowed for the first approximation of a bi-layered stromal and epithelial reconstruction of the conjunctiva that can potentially improve the therapeutic arsenal in ocular surface reconstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zelmira Nuñez Del Prado
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nandini Venkateswaran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hazem M Mousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology, Distinguished Stephen and Frances Foster Chair in Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Enrique Salero
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Elena M De Juan-Pardo
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alfonso L Sabater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Victor L Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology, Distinguished Stephen and Frances Foster Chair in Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Promoting endogenous articular cartilage regeneration using extracellular matrix scaffolds. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100343. [PMID: 35865410 PMCID: PMC9294195 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage defects fail to heal spontaneously, typically progressing to osteoarthritis. Bone marrow stimulation techniques such as microfracture (MFX) are the current surgical standard of care; however MFX typically produces an inferior fibro-cartilaginous tissue which provides only temporary symptomatic relief. Here we implanted solubilised articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) derived scaffolds into critically sized chondral defects in goats, securely anchoring these implants to the joint surface using a 3D-printed fixation device that overcame the need for sutures or glues. In vitro these ECM scaffolds were found to be inherently chondro-inductive, while in vivo they promoted superior articular cartilage regeneration compared to microfracture. In an attempt to further improve the quality of repair, we loaded these scaffolds with a known chemotactic factor, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3. In vivo such TGF-β3 loaded scaffolds promoted superior articular cartilage regeneration. This study demonstrates that ECM derived biomaterials, either alone and particularly when combined with exogenous growth factors, can successfully treat articular cartilage defects in a clinically relevant large animal model.
Collapse
|
11
|
An R, Strissel PL, Al-Abboodi M, Robering JW, Supachai R, Eckstein M, Peddi A, Hauck T, Bäuerle T, Boccaccini AR, Youssef A, Sun J, Strick R, Horch RE, Boos AM, Kengelbach-Weigand A. An Innovative Arteriovenous (AV) Loop Breast Cancer Model Tailored for Cancer Research. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070280. [PMID: 35877331 PMCID: PMC9311974 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are important tools to investigate the pathogenesis and develop treatment strategies for breast cancer in humans. In this study, we developed a new three-dimensional in vivo arteriovenous loop model of human breast cancer with the aid of biodegradable materials, including fibrin, alginate, and polycaprolactone. We examined the in vivo effects of various matrices on the growth of breast cancer cells by imaging and immunohistochemistry evaluation. Our findings clearly demonstrate that vascularized breast cancer microtissues could be engineered and recapitulate the in vivo situation and tumor-stromal interaction within an isolated environment in an in vivo organism. Alginate–fibrin hybrid matrices were considered as a highly powerful material for breast tumor engineering based on its stability and biocompatibility. We propose that the novel tumor model may not only serve as an invaluable platform for analyzing and understanding the molecular mechanisms and pattern of oncologic diseases, but also be tailored for individual therapy via transplantation of breast cancer patient-derived tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Pamela L. Strissel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.L.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Majida Al-Abboodi
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10081, Iraq
| | - Jan W. Robering
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Reakasame Supachai
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91056 Erlangen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Ajay Peddi
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Theresa Hauck
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Preclinical Imaging Platform Erlangen (PIPE), Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91056 Erlangen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Almoatazbellah Youssef
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Reiner Strick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.L.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Raymund E. Horch
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Anja M. Boos
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Annika Kengelbach-Weigand
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rossi A, Morettini G, Moretti M, Capponi L. Filament Transport Control for Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Parts Realised by Fused Filament Fabrication. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3530. [PMID: 35629557 PMCID: PMC9145558 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The fused filament fabrication (FFF) process is widely used for producing prototypes and functional parts for diverse applications. While FFF is particularly attractive due to its cost-effectiveness, on the other hand, the fabricated parts have limitations in terms of large manufacturing time and reduced mechanical properties. The latter is strongly influenced by the fabrication process parameters, which affect the interlayer bonding and the adhesion between consecutive layers. Several works presented in the literature analysed the correlation between mechanical properties and process parameters. It was demonstrated that an increase in the fabrication feed rate causes slippage between filament and the feeding system, which leads to a decrease in the extruded material flow, and thus in part density. This work aims to investigate how the limitation of the slippage phenomenon affects the mechanical properties of parts fabricated using the FFF process. A prototype machine, equipped with a closed-loop control system on filament transport, was used to fabricate samples for tensile tests and dynamical mechanical analysis. Samples fabricated enabling the filament transport control showed an increase both in ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break for those fabricated with disabled control, whilst a decrease in stiffness was observed. In addition, the results showed that the use of a filament transport control system on a FFF machine increases the possibility of fabricating high value-added parts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michele Moretti
- Industrial Department, University of Perugia, 06125 Perugia, Italy; (A.R.); (G.M.); (L.C.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu K, Yan L, Li R, Song Z, Ding J, Liu B, Chen X. 3D Printed Personalized Nerve Guide Conduits for Precision Repair of Peripheral Nerve Defects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103875. [PMID: 35182046 PMCID: PMC9036027 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of peripheral nerve defects has always been one of the most challenging clinical practices in neurosurgery. Currently, nerve autograft is the preferred treatment modality for peripheral nerve defects, while the therapy is constantly plagued by the limited donor, loss of donor function, formation of neuroma, nerve distortion or dislocation, and nerve diameter mismatch. To address these clinical issues, the emerged nerve guide conduits (NGCs) are expected to offer effective platforms to repair peripheral nerve defects, especially those with large or complex topological structures. Up to now, numerous technologies are developed for preparing diverse NGCs, such as solvent casting, gas foaming, phase separation, freeze-drying, melt molding, electrospinning, and three-dimensional (3D) printing. 3D printing shows great potential and advantages because it can quickly and accurately manufacture the required NGCs from various natural and synthetic materials. This review introduces the application of personalized 3D printed NGCs for the precision repair of peripheral nerve defects and predicts their future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Lesan Yan
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology122 Luoshi RoadWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Ruotao Li
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Song
- Department of Sports MedicineThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ali MA, Hu C, Yttri EA, Panat R. Recent Advances in 3D Printing of Biomedical Sensing Devices. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2022; 32:2107671. [PMID: 36324737 PMCID: PMC9624470 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing, also called 3D printing, is a rapidly evolving technique that allows for the fabrication of functional materials with complex architectures, controlled microstructures, and material combinations. This capability has influenced the field of biomedical sensing devices by enabling the trends of device miniaturization, customization, and elasticity (i.e., having mechanical properties that match with the biological tissue). In this paper, the current state-of-the-art knowledge of biomedical sensors with the unique and unusual properties enabled by 3D printing is reviewed. The review encompasses clinically important areas involving the quantification of biomarkers (neurotransmitters, metabolites, and proteins), soft and implantable sensors, microfluidic biosensors, and wearable haptic sensors. In addition, the rapid sensing of pathogens and pathogen biomarkers enabled by 3D printing, an area of significant interest considering the recent worldwide pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, is also discussed. It is also described how 3D printing enables critical sensor advantages including lower limit-of-detection, sensitivity, greater sensing range, and the ability for point-of-care diagnostics. Further, manufacturing itself benefits from 3D printing via rapid prototyping, improved resolution, and lower cost. This review provides researchers in academia and industry a comprehensive summary of the novel possibilities opened by the progress in 3D printing technology for a variety of biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Azahar Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Chunshan Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Eric A Yttri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rahul Panat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xie Y, Chen J, Zhao H, Huang F. Prediction of the fiber diameter of melt electrospinning writing by kriging model. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Jianxiong Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Han Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Feng Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A review of protein adsorption and bioactivity characteristics of poly ε-caprolactone scaffolds in regenerative medicine. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
17
|
Böhm C, Stahlhut P, Weichhold J, Hrynevich A, Teßmar J, Dalton PD. The Multiweek Thermal Stability of Medical-Grade Poly(ε-caprolactone) During Melt Electrowriting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104193. [PMID: 34741411 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Melt electrowriting (MEW) is a high-resolution additive manufacturing technology that places unique constraints on the processing of thermally degradable polymers. With a single nozzle, MEW operates at low throughput and in this study, medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is heated for 25 d at three different temperatures (75, 85, and 95 °C), collecting daily samples. There is an initial increase in the fiber diameter and decrease in the jet speed over the first 5 d, then the MEW process remains stable for the 75 and 85 °C groups. When the collector speed is fixed to a value at least 10% above the jet speed, the diameter remains constant for 25 d at 75 °C and only increases with time for 85 and 95 °C. Fiber fusion at increased layer height is observed for 85 and 95 °C, while the surface morphology of single fibers remain similar for all temperatures. The properties of the prints are assessed with no observable changes in the degree of crystallinity or the Young's modulus, while the yield strength decreases in later phases only for 95 °C. After the initial 5-d period, the MEW processing of PCL at 75 °C is extraordinarily stable with overall fiber diameters averaging 13.5 ± 1.0 µm over the entire 25-d period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Böhm
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Stahlhut
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Weichhold
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrei Hrynevich
- Department of Veterinary Science, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, 3584 CL, Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Jörg Teßmar
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR, 97403-6231, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yoshida M, Turner PR, McAdam CJ, Ali MA, Cabral JD. A comparison between β-tricalcium phosphate verse chitosan poly-caprolactone-based 3D melt extruded composite scaffolds. Biopolymers 2021; 113:e23482. [PMID: 34812488 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Melt extrusion 3D printing has become an attractive additive manufacturing technology to construct degradable scaffolds as tissue precursors in order to create clinically relevant medical devices. Towards this end, a commonly used synthetic polyester, poly-caprolactone (PCL), was used to make scaffolds composed of different biomaterial compositions to increase bioactivity using 3D melt pneumatic extrusion technology. Varying ratios of the natural biopolymer, chitosan, or the bioceramic, β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) were blended with PCL to fabricate support scaffolds with three-dimensional (3D) architecture for human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) growth for potential bone regeneration application. In this study, basic printing requirements as well as biomaterial dynamic mechanical (DMA), elemental, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis results demonstrate material homogeneity as well as thermal stability. Scaffold morphology and microarchitecture were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) alongside in vitro scaffold degradation and biological characterisation. Human BMSC proliferation was assessed using fluorescence imaging, and quantitated via the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. These in vitro cell viability studies revealed that the highest chitosan concentration blend of 20% favoured the most hBMSC growth, exhibited the most swelling, and showed minimal degradation after 28 days. The 20% TCP blend had the second highest hBMSC growth, exhibited moderate swelling, and the fastest degradation rate. Overall, this study demonstrates the first direct comparison of a natural biopolymer-based, that is, chitosan, 3D melt extruded PCL composite with that of a bioceramic-based, that is, β-TCP, PCL composite and their effects on hBMSC 3D proliferation. 3D melt extruded PCL-based composite scaffolds methodology offers a straightforward way to print scaffolds with good shape fidelity, interconnected porosities and enhanced bioactivity; and demonstrates their potential use for regenerative, bone repair applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minami Yoshida
- Centre of Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, School of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paul R Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Mohammed Azam Ali
- Centre of Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, School of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jaydee D Cabral
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bakirci E, Frank A, Gumbel S, Otto PF, Fürsattel E, Tessmer I, Schmidt H, Dalton PD. Melt Electrowriting of Amphiphilic Physically Crosslinked Segmented Copolymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Bakirci
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer (BPI) Institute University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
| | - Andreas Frank
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Simon Gumbel
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Paul F. Otto
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer (BPI) Institute University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
| | - Eva Fürsattel
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Ingrid Tessmer
- Rudolf‐Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 Würzburg 97080 Germany
| | - Hans‐Werner Schmidt
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer (BPI) Institute University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus to Accelerate Scientific Impact University of Oregon 1505 Franklin Blvd Eugene OR 90403 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tip-Viscid Electrohydrodynamic Jet 3D Printing of Composite Osteochondral Scaffold. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102694. [PMID: 34685135 PMCID: PMC8539201 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel method called tip-viscid electrohydrodynamic jet printing (TVEJ), which produces a viscous needle tip jet, was presented to fabricate a 3D composite osteochondral scaffold with controllability of fiber size and space to promote cartilage regeneration. The tip-viscid process, by harnessing the combined effects of thermal, flow, and electric fields, was first systematically investigated by simulation analysis. The influences of process parameters on printing modes and resolutions were investigated to quantitatively guide the fabrication of various structures. 3D architectures with high aspect ratio and good interlaminar bonding were printed, thanks to the stable fine jet and its predictable viscosity. 3D composite osteochondral scaffolds with controllability of architectural features were fabricated, facilitating ingrowth of cells, and eventually inducing homogeneous cell proliferation. The scaffold’s properties, which included chemical composition, wettability, and durability, were also investigated. Feasibility of the 3D scaffold for cartilage tissue regeneration was also proven by in vitro cellular activities.
Collapse
|
21
|
Löblein J, Lorson T, Komma M, Kielholz T, Windbergs M, Dalton PD, Luxenhofer R. An initiator- and catalyst-free hydrogel coating process for 3D printed medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone). Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2095-2101. [PMID: 34476016 PMCID: PMC8381808 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing or 3D printing as an umbrella term for various materials processing methods has distinct advantages over many other processing methods, including the ability to generate highly complex shapes and designs. However, the performance of any produced part not only depends on the material used and its shape, but is also critically dependent on its surface properties. Important features, such as wetting or fouling, critically depend mainly on the immediate surface energy. To gain control over the surface chemistry post-processing modifications are generally necessary, since it′s not a feature of additive manufacturing. Here, we report on the use of initiator and catalyst-free photografting and photopolymerization for the hydrophilic modification of microfiber scaffolds obtained from hydrophobic medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone) via melt-electrowriting. Contact angle measurements and Raman spectroscopy confirms the formation of a more hydrophilic coating of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Apart from surface modification, we also observe bulk polymerization, which is expected for this method, and currently limits the controllability of this procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Löblein
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lorson
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Komma
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kielholz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maike Windbergs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Blvd, Eugene, 97403 Oregon, USA
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang X, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Chen J, Wan Q. The Application of Polycaprolactone in Three-Dimensional Printing Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162754. [PMID: 34451293 PMCID: PMC8400029 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering commonly encompasses the use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to provide a suitable microenvironment for the propagation of cells to regenerate damaged tissues or organs. 3D printing technology has been extensively applied to allow direct 3D scaffolds manufacturing. Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been widely used in the fabrication of 3D scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its advantages such as good biocompatibility, slow degradation rate, the less acidic breakdown products in comparison to other polyesters, and the potential for loadbearing applications. PCL can be blended with a variety of polymers and hydrogels to improve its properties or to introduce new PCL-based composites. This paper describes the PCL used in developing state of the art of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In this review, we provide an overview of the 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of PCL-based composite scaffolds and recent studies on applications in different clinical situations. For instance, PCL-based composite scaffolds were used as an implant surgical guide in dental treatment. Furthermore, future trend and potential clinical translations will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qianbing Wan
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Q.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Popkov AV, Kulbakin DE, Popkov DA, Gorbach EN, Kononovich NA, Danilenko NV, Stankevich KS, Choynzonov EL, Zheravin АА, Khlusov IA, Bondar LN, Perelmuter VM, Bolbasov EN, Tverdokhlebov SI. Solution blow spinning of PLLA/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34229311 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac11ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Composite poly-L-lactide acid-based scaffolds with hydroxyapatite (HAp) content up to 75 wt.% were fabricated via solution blow spinning. The influence of HAp concentration on structure, wettability, mechanical properties and chemical and phase composition of the produced materials was examined. It was found that with an increase of HAp content the average fiber diameter was increased, the uniaxial strength and relative elongation were reduced, while the phase composition and surface wettability did not change. The performance of the scaffolds during implantation in the parietal bone of a rat skull for a period from 15 to 90 days was studied. The materials have shown high ability to integrate with both soft and hard tissues. It was found that scaffolds with 25 wt.% HAp content significantly enhance osteogenesis during scarification (damage) of the periosteum. Overall, the fabricated scaffolds proved to be highly efficient for replacing bone defects in long tubular bones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Popkov
- Russian Ilizarov Scientific Centre 'Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics', Kurgan, Russia
| | - D E Kulbakin
- Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - D A Popkov
- Russian Ilizarov Scientific Centre 'Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics', Kurgan, Russia
| | - E N Gorbach
- Russian Ilizarov Scientific Centre 'Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics', Kurgan, Russia
| | - N A Kononovich
- Russian Ilizarov Scientific Centre 'Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics', Kurgan, Russia
| | | | - K S Stankevich
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States of America
| | - E L Choynzonov
- Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - А А Zheravin
- Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I A Khlusov
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L N Bondar
- Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - V M Perelmuter
- Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - E N Bolbasov
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu X, Wang Z, Teng F. A review of regulated self-organizing approaches for tissue regeneration. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 167:63-78. [PMID: 34293337 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue and organ regeneration is the dynamic process by which a population of cells rearranges into a specific form with specific functions. Traditional tissue regeneration utilizes tissue grafting, cell implantation, and structured scaffolds to achieve clinical efficacy. However, tissue grafting methods face a shortage of donor tissue, while cell implantation may involve leakage of the implanted cells without a supportive 3D matrix. Cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation in structured scaffolds may disorganize and frustrate the artificially pre-designed structures, and sometimes involve immunogenic reactions. To overcome this limitation, the self-organizing properties and innate regenerative capability of tissue/organism formation in the absence of guidance by structured scaffolds has been investigated. This review emphasizes the growing subfield of the regulated self-organizing approach for neotissue formation and describes advances in the subfield using diverse, cutting-edge, inter-disciplinarity technologies. We cohesively summarize the directed self-organization of cells in the micro-engineered cell-ECM system and 3D/4D cell printing. Mathematical modeling of cellular self-organization is also discussed for providing rational guidance to intractable problems in tissue regeneration. It is envisioned that future self-organization approaches integrating biomathematics, micro-nano engineering, and gene circuits developed from synthetic biology will continue to work in concert with self-organizing morphogenesis to enhance rational control during self-organizing in tissue and organ regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhu
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China; Changzhou Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture Technology, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Special Robot Technology, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213022, China
| | - Fang Teng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Aytac Z, Dubey N, Daghrery A, Ferreira JA, de Souza Araújo IJ, Castilho M, Malda J, Bottino MC. Innovations in Craniofacial Bone and Periodontal Tissue Engineering - From Electrospinning to Converged Biofabrication. INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS 2021; 67:347-384. [PMID: 35754978 PMCID: PMC9216197 DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2021.1946236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
From a materials perspective, the pillars for the development of clinically translatable scaffold-based strategies for craniomaxillofacial (CMF) bone and periodontal regeneration have included electrospinning and 3D printing (biofabrication) technologies. Here, we offer a detailed analysis of the latest innovations in 3D (bio)printing strategies for CMF bone and periodontal regeneration and provide future directions envisioning the development of advanced 3D architectures for successful clinical translation. First, the principles of electrospinning applied to the generation of biodegradable scaffolds are discussed. Next, we present on extrusion-based 3D printing technologies with a focus on creating scaffolds with improved regenerative capacity. In addition, we offer a critical appraisal on 3D (bio)printing and multitechnology convergence to enable the reconstruction of CMF bones and periodontal tissues. As a future outlook, we highlight future directions associated with the utilization of complementary biomaterials and (bio)fabrication technologies for effective translation of personalized and functional scaffolds into the clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Aytac
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Arwa Daghrery
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Jessica A. Ferreira
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Isaac J. de Souza Araújo
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C. Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang J, Zhang Y, Aghda NH, Pillai AR, Thakkar R, Nokhodchi A, Maniruzzaman M. Emerging 3D printing technologies for drug delivery devices: Current status and future perspective. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:294-316. [PMID: 33895212 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 'one-size-fits-all' approach followed by conventional drug delivery platforms often restricts its application in pharmaceutical industry, due to the incapability of adapting to individual pharmacokinetic traits. Driven by the development of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, three-dimensional (3D) printed drug delivery medical devices have gained increasing popularity, which offers key advantages over traditional drug delivery systems. The major benefits include the ability to fabricate 3D structures with customizable design and intricate architecture, and most importantly, ease of personalized medication. Furthermore, the emergence of multi-material printing and four-dimensional (4D) printing integrates the benefits of multiple functional materials, and thus provide widespread opportunities for the advancement of personalized drug delivery devices. Despite the remarkable progress made by AM techniques, concerns related to regulatory issues, scalability and cost-effectiveness remain major hurdles. Herein, we provide an overview on the latest accomplishments in 3D printed drug delivery devices as well as major challenges and future perspectives for AM enabled dosage forms and drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Niloofar Heshmati Aghda
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Amit Raviraj Pillai
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Rishi Thakkar
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Mohammed Maniruzzaman
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cheng L, Suresh K S, He H, Rajput RS, Feng Q, Ramesh S, Wang Y, Krishnan S, Ostrovidov S, Camci-Unal G, Ramalingam M. 3D Printing of Micro- and Nanoscale Bone Substitutes: A Review on Technical and Translational Perspectives. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4289-4319. [PMID: 34211272 PMCID: PMC8239380 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s311001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology offer immense potential in fabricating scaffolds and implants for various biomedical applications, especially for bone repair and regeneration. As the availability of autologous bone sources and commercial products is limited and surgical methods do not help in complete regeneration, it is necessary to develop alternative approaches for repairing large segmental bone defects. The 3D printing technology can effectively integrate different types of living cells within a 3D construct made up of conventional micro- or nanoscale biomaterials to create an artificial bone graft capable of regenerating the damaged tissues. This article reviews the developments and applications of 3D printing in bone tissue engineering and highlights the numerous conventional biomaterials and nanomaterials that have been used in the production of 3D-printed scaffolds. A comprehensive overview of the 3D printing methods such as stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and ink-jet 3D printing, and their technical and clinical applications in bone repair and regeneration has been provided. The review is expected to be useful for readers to gain an insight into the state-of-the-art of 3D printing of bone substitutes and their translational perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shoma Suresh K
- Biomaterials and Organ Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Hongyan He
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ritu Singh Rajput
- Biomaterials and Organ Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Qiyang Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, People’s Republic of China
| | - Saravanan Ramesh
- Biomaterials and Organ Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Yuzhuang Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sasirekha Krishnan
- Biomaterials and Organ Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Serge Ostrovidov
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Gulden Camci-Unal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- Biomaterials and Organ Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bouyer M, Garot C, Machillot P, Vollaire J, Fitzpatrick V, Morand S, Boutonnat J, Josserand V, Bettega G, Picart C. 3D-printed scaffold combined to 2D osteoinductive coatings to repair a critical-size mandibular bone defect. Mater Today Bio 2021; 11:100113. [PMID: 34124641 PMCID: PMC8173095 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of large bone defects (12 cm3) remains a challenge for clinicians. We developed a new critical-size mandibular bone defect model on a minipig, close to human clinical issues. We analyzed the bone reconstruction obtained by a 3D-printed scaffold made of clinical-grade polylactic acid (PLA), coated with a polyelectrolyte film delivering an osteogenic bioactive molecule (BMP-2). We compared the results (computed tomography scans, microcomputed tomography scans, histology) to the gold standard solution, bone autograft. We demonstrated that the dose of BMP-2 delivered from the scaffold significantly influenced the amount of regenerated bone and the repair kinetics, with a clear BMP-2 dose-dependence. Bone was homogeneously formed inside the scaffold without ectopic bone formation. The bone repair was as good as for the bone autograft. The BMP-2 doses applied in our study were reduced 20- to 75-fold compared to the commercial collagen sponges used in the current clinical applications, without any adverse effects. Three-dimensional printed PLA scaffolds loaded with reduced doses of BMP-2 may be a safe and simple solution for large bone defects faced in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bouyer
- CEA, CNRS, Université de Grenoble Alpes, ERL5000 BRM, IRIG Institute, 17 Rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR5628, LMGP, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- Clinique Générale d’Annecy, 4 Chemin de la Tour la Reine, 74000, Annecy, France
| | - C. Garot
- CEA, CNRS, Université de Grenoble Alpes, ERL5000 BRM, IRIG Institute, 17 Rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR5628, LMGP, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016, Grenoble, France
| | - P. Machillot
- CEA, CNRS, Université de Grenoble Alpes, ERL5000 BRM, IRIG Institute, 17 Rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR5628, LMGP, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016, Grenoble, France
| | - J. Vollaire
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - V. Fitzpatrick
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR5628, LMGP, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016, Grenoble, France
| | - S. Morand
- CEA, CNRS, Université de Grenoble Alpes, ERL5000 BRM, IRIG Institute, 17 Rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR5628, LMGP, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016, Grenoble, France
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, 1 Avenue de l'hôpital, 74370, Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
| | - J. Boutonnat
- Unité Médico-technique d’Histologie Cytologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Joseph Fourier, 38700, La Tronche, France
- Département d’Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, France
| | - V. Josserand
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - G. Bettega
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, 1 Avenue de l'hôpital, 74370, Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
- Corresponding author.
| | - C. Picart
- CEA, CNRS, Université de Grenoble Alpes, ERL5000 BRM, IRIG Institute, 17 Rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR5628, LMGP, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016, Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guo Z, Poot AA, Grijpma DW. Advanced polymer-based composites and structures for biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
30
|
Herwig G, Pérez-Madrigal MM, Dove AP. Customized Fading Scaffolds: Strong Polyorthoester Networks via Thiol-Ene Cross-linking for Cytocompatible Surface-Eroding Materials in 3D Printing. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1472-1483. [PMID: 33683869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyorthoesters are a highly desirable class of cytocompatible materials that are able to rapidly surface-erode. Despite their promise, their mechanical weakness and complex synthesis have limited their processability and application in advanced technologies. Herein, we report a readily accessible family of cross-linked poly(orthoester-thioether) (POETE) materials that are suitable for processing via photopolymerization. Polymer networks are accessed through bifunctional orthoester precursors using simple thiol-ene addition chemistry. The mobility of the polymer chains and the cross-linking density within the polymer structure can be tuned through the choice of the monomer, which in turn presents customizable thermal and mechanical properties in the resulting materials. The photopolymerizability of these POETE materials also allows for processing via additive manufacturing, which is demonstrated on a commercial 3D printer. Post-processing conditions and architecture are crucial to material degradability and are exploited for programmed bulk-release applications with degradation rate and release time linearly dependent on the specimen dimensions, such as strand or shell thickness. Analogous to acid-releasing polylactide materials, degradation products of the POETE materials show cytocompatibility below a certain concentration/acidity threshold. This research highlights the simplicity, versatility, and applicability of POETE networks as cytocompatible, surface-eroding materials that can be processed by additive manufacturing for advanced applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Herwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV8 4AL, U.K.,School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.,Laboratory for Advanced Fibers, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Melt Electrospinning of Polymers: Blends, Nanocomposites, Additives and Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melt electrospinning has been developed in the last decade as an eco-friendly and solvent-free process to fill the gap between the advantages of solution electrospinning and the need of a cost-effective technique for industrial applications. Although the benefits of using melt electrospinning compared to solution electrospinning are impressive, there are still challenges that should be solved. These mainly concern to the improvement of polymer melt processability with reduction of polymer degradation and enhancement of fiber stability; and the achievement of a good control over the fiber size and especially for the production of large scale ultrafine fibers. This review is focused in the last research works discussing the different melt processing techniques, the most significant melt processing parameters, the incorporation of different additives (e.g., viscosity and conductivity modifiers), the development of polymer blends and nanocomposites, the new potential applications and the use of drug-loaded melt electrospun scaffolds for biomedical applications.
Collapse
|
32
|
Carbon Nanotube-Based Composite Filaments for 3D Printing of Structural and Conductive Elements. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11031272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this publication, we describe the process of fabrication and the analysis of the properties of nanocomposite filaments based on carbon nanotubes and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer for fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing. Polymer granulate was mixed and extruded with a filling fraction of 0.99, 1.96, 4.76, 9.09 wt.% of CNTs (carbon nanotubes) to fabricate composite filaments with a diameter of 1.75 mm. Detailed mechanical and electrical investigations of printed test samples were performed. The results demonstrate that CNT content has a significant influence on mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of printed samples. Printed samples obtained from high CNT content composites exhibited an improvement in the tensile strength by 12.6%. Measurements of nanocomposites’ electrical properties exhibited non-linear relation between the supply voltage and measured sample resistivity. This effect can be attributed to the semiconductor nature of the CNT functional phase and the occurrence of a tunnelling effect in percolation network. Detailed I–V characteristics related to the amount of CNTs in the composite and the supply voltage influence are also presented. At a constant voltage value, the average resistivity of the printed elements is 2.5 Ωm for 4.76 wt.% CNT and 0.15 Ωm for 9.09 wt.% CNT, respectively. These results demonstrate that ABS/CNT composites are a promising functional material for FDM additive fabrication of structural elements, but also structural electronics and sensors.
Collapse
|
33
|
Garot C, Bettega G, Picart C. Additive Manufacturing of Material Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Toward Application in the Clinics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2006967. [PMID: 33531885 PMCID: PMC7116655 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202006967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the fabrication of customized bone scaffolds in terms of shape, pore size, material type and mechanical properties. Combined with the possibility to obtain a precise 3D image of the bone defects using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, it is now possible to manufacture implants for patient-specific bone regeneration. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the different materials and AM techniques used for the fabrication of 3D-printed scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering. Their advantages and drawbacks are highlighted. For materials, specific criteria, were extracted from a literature study: biomimetism to native bone, mechanical properties, biodegradability, ability to be imaged (implantation and follow-up period), histological performances and sterilization process. AM techniques can be classified in three major categories: extrusion-based, powder-based and liquid-base. Their price, ease of use and space requirement are analyzed. Different combinations of materials/AM techniques appear to be the most relevant depending on the targeted clinical applications (implantation site, presence of mechanical constraints, temporary or permanent implant). Finally, some barriers impeding the translation to human clinics are identified, notably the sterilization process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Garot
- CEA, Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ERL 5000, IRIG Institute, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Georges Bettega
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Annecy-Genevois, 1 avenue de l’hôpital, F-74370 Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- CEA, Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ERL 5000, IRIG Institute, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Otto IA, Capendale PE, Garcia JP, de Ruijter M, van Doremalen RFM, Castilho M, Lawson T, Grinstaff MW, Breugem CC, Kon M, Levato R, Malda J. Biofabrication of a shape-stable auricular structure for the reconstruction of ear deformities. Mater Today Bio 2021; 9:100094. [PMID: 33665603 PMCID: PMC7903133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioengineering of the human auricle remains a significant challenge, where the complex and unique shape, the generation of high-quality neocartilage, and shape preservation are key factors. Future regenerative medicine–based approaches for auricular cartilage reconstruction will benefit from a smart combination of various strategies. Our approach to fabrication of an ear-shaped construct uses hybrid bioprinting techniques, a recently identified progenitor cell population, previously validated biomaterials, and a smart scaffold design. Specifically, we generated a 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold via fused deposition modeling, photocrosslinked a human auricular cartilage progenitor cell–laden gelatin methacryloyl (gelMA) hydrogel within the scaffold, and cultured the bioengineered structure in vitro in chondrogenic media for 30 days. Our results show that the fabrication process maintains the viability and chondrogenic phenotype of the cells, that the compressive properties of the combined PCL and gelMA hybrid auricular constructs are similar to native auricular cartilage, and that biofabricated hybrid auricular structures exhibit excellent shape fidelity compared with the 3D digital model along with deposition of cartilage-like matrix in both peripheral and central areas of the auricular structure. Our strategy affords an anatomically enhanced auricular structure with appropriate mechanical properties, ensures adequate preservation of the auricular shape during a dynamic in vitro culture period, and enables chondrogenically potent progenitor cells to produce abundant cartilage-like matrix throughout the auricular construct. The combination of smart scaffold design with 3D bioprinting and cartilage progenitor cells holds promise for the development of clinically translatable regenerative medicine strategies for auricular reconstruction. First application of human auricular cartilage progenitor cells for bioprinting. Dual-printing of hybrid ear-shaped constructs with excellent shape fidelity over time. Strategy and design ensured adequate deposition of cartilage-like matrix throughout large auricular constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I A Otto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P E Capendale
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J P Garcia
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M de Ruijter
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R F M van Doremalen
- Robotics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.,Bureau Science & Innovation, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - M Castilho
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - T Lawson
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - M W Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - C C Breugem
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Kon
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li K, Zhang F, Wang D, Qiu Q, Liu M, Yu A, Cui Y. Silkworm-inspired electrohydrodynamic jet 3D printing of composite scaffold with ordered cell scale fibers for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:124-132. [PMID: 33418047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The combination of biomimetic and 3D printing has created novel opportunities for the manufacture of 3D engineered materials. A sub-microscale E-Jet 3D printing method, inspired by the dehydration and protein enrichment process of silkworm, was developed to fabricate composite bone tissue scaffold with the characteristics of controllability, fast and inexpensive. By applying the resultant effects of thermal field and flow field to low viscous composite ink, the concentration gradient biopolymer ink was obtained near the needle tip, mimicking the advanced dehydration of natural spinning apparatus. After electrical shearing force were applied on concentration gradient ink, a stable and fine jet formed. Various printing modes (droplet, continuous fiber) and structure resolutions were achieved by adjusting local solvent evaporation. Thin film, high resolution 2D structures, high aspect ratio well-bonding 3D structures were fabricated. The printed result showed that a 100 μm-sized needle could be employed directly to print patterning down to 800 nm. The printed composite scaffold with controllability of fiber size and space has been proved the feasibility as a medium for bone tissue regeneration. It can be estimated that the novel biomimetic E-Jet 3D printing technique is a new and promising way for bone tissue repairing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Fangyuan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Dazhi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Quanshui Qiu
- Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Maiqi Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Aibing Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yuguo Cui
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Calore AR, Sinha R, Harings J, Bernaerts KV, Mota C, Moroni L. Additive Manufacturing Using Melt Extruded Thermoplastics for Tissue Engineering. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2147:75-99. [PMID: 32840812 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0611-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Melt extrusion of thermoplastic materials is an important technique for fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds by additive manufacturing methods. Scaffold manufacturing is commonly achieved by one of the following extrusion-based techniques: fused deposition modelling (FDM), 3D-fiber deposition (3DF), and bioextrusion. FDM needs the input material to be strictly in the form of a filament, whereas 3DF and bioextrusion can be used to process input material in several forms, such as pellets or powder. This chapter outlines a common workflow for all these methods, going from the material to a scaffold, while highlighting the special requirements of particular methods. A few ways of characterizing the scaffolds are also briefly described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Roberto Calore
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ravi Sinha
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jules Harings
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien V Bernaerts
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kovylin RS, Aleynik DY, Fedushkin IL. Modern Porous Polymer Implants: Synthesis, Properties, and Application. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238221010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The needs of modern surgery triggered the intensive development of transplantology, medical materials science, and tissue engineering. These directions require the use of innovative materials, among which porous polymers occupy one of the leading positions. The use of natural and synthetic polymers makes it possible to adjust the structure and combination of properties of a material to its particular application. This review generalizes and systematizes the results of recent studies describing requirements imposed on the structure and properties of synthetic (or artificial) porous polymer materials and implants on their basis and the advantages and limitations of synthesis methods. The most extensively employed, promising initial materials are considered, and the possible areas of application of polymer implants based on these materials are highlighted.
Collapse
|
38
|
Torre M, Giannitelli SM, Mauri E, Trombetta M, Rainer A. Additive manufacturing of biomaterials. Soft Robot 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ache.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
39
|
Bolle ECL, Nicdao D, Dalton PD, Dargaville TR. Production of Scaffolds Using Melt Electrospinning Writing and Cell Seeding. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2147:111-124. [PMID: 32840814 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0611-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melt electrospinning writing (MEW) is a solvent-free fabrication method for making polymer fiber scaffolds with features which include large surface area, high porosity, and controlled deposition of the fibers. These scaffolds are ideal for tissue engineering applications. Here we describe how to produce scaffolds made from poly(ε-caprolactone) using MEW and the seeding of primary human-derived dermal fibroblasts to create cell-scaffold constructs. The same methodology could be used with any number of cell types and MEW scaffold designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore C L Bolle
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Deanna Nicdao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Tim R Dargaville
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Additive manufacturing of the core template for the fabrication of an artificial blood vessel: the relationship between the extruded deposition diameter and the filament/nozzle transition ratio. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111406. [PMID: 33255009 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An artificial blood vessel with a tubular structure was additively manufactured via fused deposition modeling (FDM) starting from a single strand of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) filament coated with a specific thickness of biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), followed by removal of the inner core via hydrogen peroxide leaching under sonication. In particular, we examined the relationship between the extruded deposition diameter and the filament migration speed/nozzle control speed (referred to as the filament/nozzle transition ratio), which is almost independent of the extruded deposition flow rate due to the weak die-swelling and memory effects of the extruded PVA arising from its intrinsically low viscoelasticity. The chemical stability of the PDMS during sonication in the hydrogen peroxide solution was then determined by spectroscopic techniques. The PDMS displayed no mechanical degradation in the hydrogen peroxide solution, resulting in similar fracture elongation and yield strength to those of the pristine specimen without the leaching treatment. As a further advantage, the inside surface of the PDMS was smooth regardless of the hydrogen peroxide leaching under sonication. The potential application of the as-developed scaffold in soft tissue engineering (particularly that involving vascular tissue regeneration) was demonstrated by the successful transplantation of the artificial blood vessel in a right-hand surgical replica used in a clinical simulation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Li J, Luo Y, Li B, Xia Y, Wang H, Fu C. Implantable and Injectable Biomaterial Scaffolds for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:612950. [PMID: 33330440 PMCID: PMC7734317 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.612950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become an emerging strategy recently producing durable immune responses in patients with varieties of malignant tumors. However, the main limitation for the broad application of immunotherapies still to reduce side effects by controlling and regulating the immune system. In order to improve both efficacy and safety, biomaterials have been applied to immunotherapies for the specific modulation of immune cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recently, researchers have constantly developed biomaterials with new structures, properties and functions. This review provides the most recent advances in the delivery strategies of immunotherapies based on localized biomaterials, focusing on the implantable and injectable biomaterial scaffolds. Finally, the challenges and prospects of applying implantable and injectable biomaterial scaffolds in the development of future cancer immunotherapies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiqian Luo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baoqin Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanliang Xia
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changfeng Fu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mechau J, Frank A, Bakirci E, Gumbel S, Jungst T, Giesa R, Groll J, Dalton PD, Schmidt H. Hydrophilic (AB)
n
Segmented Copolymers for Melt Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Mechau
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Andreas Frank
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Ezgi Bakirci
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
| | - Simon Gumbel
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
| | - Reiner Giesa
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 Würzburg 97070 Germany
| | - Hans‐Werner Schmidt
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Großhaus C, Bakirci E, Berthel M, Hrynevich A, Kade JC, Hochleitner G, Groll J, Dalton PD. Melt Electrospinning of Nanofibers from Medical-Grade Poly(ε-Caprolactone) with a Modified Nozzle. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003471. [PMID: 33048431 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Melt electrospun fibers, in general, have larger diameters than normally achieved with solution electrospinning. This study uses a modified nozzle to direct-write melt electrospun medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone) onto a collector resulting in fibers with the smallest average diameter being 275 ± 86 nm under certain processing conditions. Within a flat-tipped nozzle is a small acupuncture needle positioned so that reduces the flow rate to ≈0.1 µL h-1 and has the sharp tip protruding beyond the nozzle, into the Taylor cone. The investigations indicate that 1-mm needle protrusion coupled with a heating temperature of 120 °C produce the most consistent, small diameter nanofibers. Using different protrusion distances for the acupuncture needle results in an unstable jet that deposited poor quality fibers that, in turn, affects the next adjacent path. The material quality is notably affected by the direct-writing speed, which became unstable above 10 mm min-1 . Coupled with a dual head printer, first melt electrospinning, then melt electrowriting could be performed in a single, automated process for the first time. Overall, the approach used here resulted in some of the smallest melt electrospun fibers reported to date and the smallest diameter fibers from a medical-grade degradable polymer using a melt processing technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Großhaus
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Ezgi Bakirci
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Marius Berthel
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Andrei Hrynevich
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Juliane C Kade
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Gernot Hochleitner
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ahlinder A, Charlon S, Fuoco T, Soulestin J, Finne-Wistrand A. Minimise thermo-mechanical batch variations when processing medical grade lactide based copolymers in additive manufacturing. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
45
|
Application of Stereolithography Based 3D Printing Technology in Investment Casting. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11100946. [PMID: 33086736 PMCID: PMC7589843 DOI: 10.3390/mi11100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Advanced methods for manufacturing high quality parts should be used to ensure the production of competitive products for the world market. Investment casting (IC) is a process where a wax pattern is used as a sacrificial pattern to manufacture high precision casting of solid metal parts. Rapid casting is in turn, a technique that eases the IC process by combining additive manufacturing (AM) technologies with IC. The use of AM technologies to create patterns for new industrial products is a unique opportunity to develop cost-effective methods for producing investment casting parts in a timely manner. Particularly, stereolithography (SLA) based AM is of interest due to its high dimensional accuracy and the smooth surface quality of the printed parts. From the first appearance of commercially available SLA printers in the market, it took a few decades until desktop SLA printers became available to consumers at a reasonable price. Therefore, the aim of this review paper is to analyze the state-of-the-art and applicability of SLA based 3D printing technology in IC manufacturing, as SLA based AM technologies have been gaining enormous popularity in recent times. Other AM techniques in IC are also reviewed for comparison. Moreover, the SLA process parameters, material properties, and current issues are discussed.
Collapse
|
46
|
Mondal D, Srinivasan A, Comeau P, Toh YC, Willett TL. Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil/hydroxyapatite-based nanocomposite scaffolds prepared by additive manufacturing for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111400. [PMID: 33255003 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties and biocompatibility of nanocomposites composed of Acrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil (AESO), nano-Hydroxyapatite (nHA) rods and either 2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate (HEA) or Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA) and 3D printed using extrusion-based additive manufacturing methods were investigated. The effects of addition of HEA or PEGDA on the rheological, mechanical properties and cell-biomaterial interactions were studied. AESO, PEGDA (or HEA), and nHA were composited using an ultrasonic homogenizer and scaffolds were 3D printed using a metal syringe on an extrusion-based 3D printer while simultaneously UV cured during layer-by-layer deposition. Nanocomposite inks were characterized for their viscosity before curing, and dispersion of the nHA particles and tensile mechanical properties after curing. Proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were studied by seeding cells onto the scaffolds and culturing in osteogenic differentiation medium for 7, 14 and 21 days. Overall, each of the scaffolds types demonstrated controlled morphology resulting from the printability of nanocomposite inks, well-dispersed nHA particles within the polymer matrices, and were shown to support cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation after 14 and 21 days of culture. However, the nature of the functional groups present in each ink detectably affected the mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of the scaffolds. For example, while the incorporation of HEA reduced nHA dispersion and tensile strength of the final nanocomposite, it successfully enhanced shear yield strength, and printability, as well as cell adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, establishing a positive effect perhaps due to additional hydrogen bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibakar Mondal
- Composite Biomaterial Systems Laboratory, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Akshaya Srinivasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, #04-10, 117583, Singapore
| | - Patricia Comeau
- Composite Biomaterial Systems Laboratory, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yi-Chin Toh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, #04-10, 117583, Singapore
| | - Thomas L Willett
- Composite Biomaterial Systems Laboratory, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Guzzi EA, Tibbitt MW. Additive Manufacturing of Precision Biomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901994. [PMID: 31423679 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials play a critical role in modern medicine as surgical guides, implants for tissue repair, and as drug delivery systems. The emerging paradigm of precision medicine exploits individual patient information to tailor clinical therapy. While the main focus of precision medicine to date is the design of improved pharmaceutical treatments based on "-omics" data, the concept extends to all forms of customized medical care. This includes the design of precision biomaterials that are tailored to meet specific patient needs. Additive manufacturing (AM) enables free-form manufacturing and mass customization, and is a critical enabling technology for the clinical implementation of precision biomaterials. Materials scientists and engineers can contribute to the realization of precision biomaterials by developing new AM technologies, synthesizing advanced (bio)materials for AM, and improving medical-image-based digital design. As the field matures, AM is poised to provide patient-specific tissue and organ substitutes, reproducible microtissues for drug screening and disease modeling, personalized drug delivery systems, as well as customized medical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elia A Guzzi
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mark W Tibbitt
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao Y, Yang Q, Ma H, Wu P, Huang Y, Gong P. An investigation of post treatment on properties and structure of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene parts prepared by selective laser sintering for biomedical application. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinglun Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Haoyu Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Pingping Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yajiang Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Pengjian Gong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Amnael Orozco-Díaz C, Moorehead R, Reilly GC, Gilchrist F, Miller C. Characterization of a composite polylactic acid-hydroxyapatite 3D-printing filament for bone-regeneration. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:025007. [PMID: 33438633 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab73f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Autologous cancellous-bone grafts are the current gold standard for therapeutic interventions in which bone-regeneration is desired. The main limitations of these implants are the need for a secondary surgical site, creating a wound on the patient, the limited availability of harvest-safe bone, and the lack of structural integrity of the grafts. Synthetic, resorbable, bone-regeneration materials could pose a viable treatment alternative, that could be implemented through 3D-printing. We present here the development of a polylactic acid-hydroxyapatite (PLA-HAp) composite that can be processed through a commercial-grade 3D-printer. We have shown that this material could be a viable option for the development of therapeutic implants for bone regeneration. Biocompatibility in vitro was demonstrated through cell viability studies using the osteoblastic MG63 cell-line, and we have also provided evidence that the presence of HAp in the polymer matrix enhances cell attachment and osteogenicity of the material. We have also provided guidelines for the optimal PLA-HAp ratio for this application, as well as further characterisation of the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite. This study encompasses the base for further research on the possibilities and safety of 3D-printable, polymer-based, resorbable composites for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Amnael Orozco-Díaz
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tylek T, Blum C, Hrynevich A, Schlegelmilch K, Schilling T, Dalton PD, Groll J. Precisely defined fiber scaffolds with 40 μm porosity induce elongation driven M2-like polarization of human macrophages. Biofabrication 2020; 12:025007. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab5f4e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|