1
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Zeng M, Wang W, Zhang S, Gao Z, Yan Y, Liu Y, Qi Y, Yan X, Zhao W, Zhang X, Guo N, Li H, Li H, Xie G, Tao Y, Chen R, Huang W. Enabling robust blue circularly polarized organic afterglow through self-confining isolated chiral chromophore. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3053. [PMID: 38594234 PMCID: PMC11004163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Creating circularly polarized organic afterglow system with elevated triplet energy levels, suppressed non-radiative transitions, and effective chirality, which are three critical prerequisites for achieving blue circularly polarized afterglow, has posed a formidable challenge. Herein, a straightforward approach is unveiled to attain blue circularly polarized afterglow materials by covalently self-confining isolated chiral chromophore within polymer matrix. The formation of robust hydrogen bonds within the polymer matrix confers a distinctly isolated and stabilized molecular state of chiral chromophores, endowing a blue emission band at 414 nm, lifetime of 3.0 s, and luminescent dissymmetry factor of ~ 10-2. Utilizing the synergistic afterglow and chirality energy transfer, full-color circularly polarized afterglow systems are endowed by doping colorful fluorescent molecules into designed blue polymers, empowering versatile applications. This work paves the way for the streamlined design of blue circularly polarized afterglow materials, expanding the horizons of circularly polarized afterglow materials into various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuman Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhisheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingmeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaozhan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Tele communications, Nanjing, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
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2
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Li H, Cui Y, Tao M, Sun S, Yan X, Xiao Y. Discriminatory fluorescence and FRET in the chiral-perovskite/RhB system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10515-10519. [PMID: 38526518 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05277j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) holds a significant position in various natural and artificial systems, especially within donor-acceptor systems encompassing chiral components. Despite extensive investigations, a clear understanding of the effects of chirality and FRET on discriminatory fluorescence remains elusive. Here, chiral perovskite nanowires (CPNWs) and achiral rhodamine B (RhB) are employed to examine the FRET and discriminatory fluorescence behavior in a donor-acceptor system involving a chiral nanostructure. A notable FRET from the CPNWs to RhB is observed, along with circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) activities in RhB. Although the FRET interaction remains consistent over time, a notable inversion in the polarity preference of the CD and CPL of RhB is observed. This reveals that the discriminatory fluorescence of the acceptor arises from the electromagnetic influence of the chiral donor. These findings elucidate that "chirality", as a property related to spatial orientation, cannot accompany the transfer of energy (which is a scalar) from chiral nanostructures to achiral molecules, which helps advance the understanding of the discriminatory fluorescence in the donor-acceptor system with a chiral nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Ying Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Min Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Shuo Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
- School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinyao Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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3
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Joseph JP, Miglani C, Maulik A, Abraham SR, Dutta A, Baev A, Prasad PN, Pal A. Stereoselective Plasmonic Interaction in Peptide-tethered Photopolymerizable Diacetylenes Doped with Chiral Gold Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306751. [PMID: 37483166 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Designing polymeric systems with ultra-high optical activity is instrumental in the pursuit of smart artificial chiroptical materials, including the fundamental understanding of structure/property relations. Herein, we report a diacetylene (DA) moiety flanked by chiral D- and L-FF dipeptide methyl esters that exhibits efficient topochemical photopolymerization in the solid phase to furnish polydiacetylene (PDA) with desired control over the chiroptical properties. The doping of the achiral gold nanoparticles provides plasmonic interaction with the PDAs to render asymmetric shape to the circular dichroism bands. With the judicious design of the chiral amino acid ligand appended to the AuNPs, we demonstrate the first example of selective chiral amplification mediated by stereo-structural matching of the polymer-plasmonic AuNP hybrid pairs. Such ordered self-assembly aided by topochemical polymerization in peptide-tethered PDA provides a smart strategy to produce soft responsive materials for applications in chiral photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jojo P Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo (SUNY), 14260, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Chirag Miglani
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Antarlina Maulik
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Shema R Abraham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo (SUNY), 14260, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Avisek Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo (SUNY), 14260, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Baev
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo (SUNY), 14260, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo (SUNY), 14260, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Asish Pal
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
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4
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Ward MD, Shi W, Gasparini N, Nelson J, Wade J, Fuchter MJ. Best practices in the measurement of circularly polarised photodetectors. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2022; 10:10452-10463. [PMID: 35967516 PMCID: PMC9332130 DOI: 10.1039/d2tc01224c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarised light will revolutionise emerging technologies, including encrypted light-based communications, quantum computing, bioimaging and multi-channel data processing. In order to make use of these remarkable opportunities, high performance photodetectors that can accurately differentiate between left- and right-handed circularly polarised light are desperately needed. Whilst this potential has resulted in considerable research interest in chiral materials and circularly polarised photodetecting devices, their translation into real-world technologies is limited by non-standardised reporting and testing protocols. This mini-review provides an accessible introduction into the working principles of circularly polarised photodetectors and a comprehensive overview of the performance metrics of state-of-the-art devices. We propose a rigorous device characterisation procedure that will allow for standardised evaluation of novel devices, which we hope will accelerate research and investment in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Ward
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Wenda Shi
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Jenny Nelson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Jessica Wade
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
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5
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Wu Y, Yan C, Li XS, You LH, Yu ZQ, Wu X, Zheng Z, Liu G, Guo Z, Tian H, Zhu WH. Circularly Polarized Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (C-FRET) for Efficient Chirality Transmission within an Intermolecular System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24549-24557. [PMID: 34425040 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence and transmission of chirality is a fascinating characteristic of nature. However, the intermolecular transmission efficiency of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) remains challenging due to poor through-space energy transfer. We report a unique CPL transmission from inducing the achiral acceptor to emit CPL within a specific liquid crystal (LC)-based intermolecular system through a circularly polarized fluorescence resonance energy transfer (C-FRET), wherein the luminescent cholesteric LC is employed as the chirality donor, and rationally designed achiral long-wavelength aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore acts as the well-assembled acceptor. In contrast to photon-release-and-absorption, the chirality transmission channel of C-FRET is highly dependent upon the energy resonance in the highly intrinsic chiral assembly of cholesteric LC, as verified by deliberately separating the achiral acceptor from the chiral donor to keep it far beyond the resonance distance. This C-FRET mode provides a de novo strategy concept for high-level information processing for applications such as high-density data storage, combinatorial logic calculation, and multilevel data encryption and decryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, China
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xin-Shun Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, China
| | - Li Hong You
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, China
| | - Zhen-Qiang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Leverhulme Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guofeng Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, and Institute of Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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6
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Wu Y, Yan C, Li X, You LH, Yu Z, Wu X, Zheng Z, Liu G, Guo Z, Tian H, Zhu W. Circularly Polarized Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (
C
‐FRET) for Efficient Chirality Transmission within an Intermolecular System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518037 China
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xin‐Shun Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518037 China
| | - Li Hong You
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518037 China
| | - Zhen‐Qiang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518037 China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Leverhulme Centre for Functional Materials Design Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- Department of Physics East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Guofeng Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, and Institute of Advanced Study Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wei‐Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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7
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Greenfield JL, Wade J, Brandt JR, Shi X, Penfold TJ, Fuchter MJ. Pathways to increase the dissymmetry in the interaction of chiral light and chiral molecules. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8589-8602. [PMID: 34257860 PMCID: PMC8246297 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02335g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissymmetric interaction between circularly polarised (CP) light and chiral molecules is central to a range of areas, from spectroscopy and imaging to next-generation photonic devices. However, the selectivity in absorption or emission of left-handed versus right-handed CP light is low for many molecular systems. In this perspective, we assess the magnitude of the measured chiroptical response for a variety of chiral systems, ranging from small molecules to large supramolecular assemblies, and highlight the challenges towards enhancing chiroptical activity. We explain the origins of low CP dissymmetry and showcase recent examples in which molecular design, and the modification of light itself, enable larger responses. Our discussion spans spatial extension of the chiral chromophore, manipulation of transition dipole moments, exploitation of forbidden transitions and creation of macroscopic chiral structures; all of which can increase the dissymmetry. Whilst the specific strategy taken to enhance the dissymmetric interaction will depend on the application of interest, these approaches offer hope for the development and advancement of all research fields that involve interactions of chiral molecules and light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake L Greenfield
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Jessica Wade
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road SW7 2AZ UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Jochen R Brandt
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Xingyuan Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Thomas J Penfold
- Chemistry - School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
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8
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Abstract
The problem of resonant energy transfer (RET) between an electric dipole donor, D, and an electric dipole acceptor, A, mediated by a passive, chiral third-body, T, is considered within the framework of molecular quantum electrodynamics theory. To account for the optical activity of the mediator, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole coupling terms are included in addition to the leading electric dipole interaction term. Fourth-order diagrammatic time-dependent perturbation theory is used to obtain the matrix element. It is found that the Fermi golden rule rate depends on pure multipole moment polarizabilities and susceptibilities of T, as well as on various mixed electric and magnetic multipole moment response functions. The handedness of T manifests through mixed electric-magnetic dipole and mixed electric dipole-quadrupole polarizabilities, which affect the rate and, respectively, require the use of fourth-rank and sixth-rank Cartesian tensor averages over T, yielding non-vanishing isotropic rate formulae applicable to a chiral fluid medium. Terms of a similar order of magnitude proportional to the product of electric dipole polarizability and either magnetic dipole susceptibility or electric quadrupole polarizability of T are also computed for oriented and freely tumbling molecules. Migration rates dependent upon the product of the pure electric dipole or magnetic dipole polarizability with the mixed electric-magnetic or electric dipole-quadrupole analogs, which require fourth- and fifth-rank Cartesian tensor averaging, vanish for randomly oriented systems. Asymptotically limiting rate expressions are also evaluated. Insight is gained into RET occurring in complex media.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
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9
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Yao K, Shen Y, Li Y, Li X, Quan Y, Cheng Y. Ultrastrong Red Circularly Polarized Luminescence Promoted from Chiral Transfer and Intermolecular Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Ternary Chiral Emissive Nematic Liquid Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:598-603. [PMID: 33382604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chiral emissive liquid crystals (N*-LCs) have been proved to greatly amplify the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals due to highly regular spiral arrangement of dyes in a well-organized liquid crystals system. Normally, CPL materials with a high luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) and quantum yield (QY) can meet the real application requirement. Here, four chiral aggregate-induced emission (AIE) active donors (Guests A1-A4: R-C2, R-C4, R-C6, R-C8, chiral dopant, and energy donor) and achiral AIE-active acceptors (Guest B: PBCy, CPL emitter) were doped into the commercial nematic liquid crystals E7 (N-LCs, Host) to form CPL-active ternary chiral emissive N-LCs (T-N*-LCs), respectively. This kind of T-N*-LCs could emit strong red CPL with QY = 16.56% and glum up to 1.51 through intermolecular energy transfer and chirality induction from the supramolecular self-assembly of T-N*-LCs. This work provides the effective strategy for the development of high glum CPL materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yihao Shen
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yiwu Quan
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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10
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Wade J, Brandt JR, Reger D, Zinna F, Amsharov KY, Jux N, Andrews DL, Fuchter MJ. 500-Fold Amplification of Small Molecule Circularly Polarised Luminescence through Circularly Polarised FRET. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:222-227. [PMID: 33030274 PMCID: PMC7839560 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Strongly dissymmetric circularly polarised (CP) luminescence from small organic molecules could transform a range of technologies, such as display devices. However, highly dissymmetric emission is usually not possible with small organic molecules, which typically give dissymmetric factors of photoluminescence (gPL ) less than 10-2 . Here we describe an almost 103 -fold chiroptical amplification of a π-extended superhelicene when embedded in an achiral conjugated polymer matrix. This combination increases the |gPL | of the superhelicene from approximately 3×10-4 in solution to 0.15 in a blend film in the solid-state. We propose that the amplification arises not simply through a chiral environment effect, but instead due to electrodynamic coupling between the electric and magnetic transition dipoles of the polymer donor and superhelicene acceptor, and subsequent CP Förster resonance energy transfer. We show that this amplification effect holds across several achiral polymer hosts and thus represents a simple and versatile approach to enhance the g-factors of small organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wade
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonWhite City Campus, 82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Jochen R. Brandt
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonWhite City Campus, 82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - David Reger
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica IndustrialeUniversità di PisaVia Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
| | - Konstantin Y. Amsharov
- Institute for Organic ChemistryMartin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergKurt-Mothes-Straße 206120HalleGermany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | | | - Matthew J. Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonWhite City Campus, 82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
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MacKenzie LE, Pal R. Circularly polarized lanthanide luminescence for advanced security inks. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 5:109-124. [PMID: 37117607 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-00235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Authenticating products and documents with security inks is vital to global commerce, security and health. Lanthanide complexes are widely used in luminescent security inks owing to their unique and robust photophysical properties. Lanthanide complexes can also be engineered to undergo circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), which encodes chiral molecular fingerprints in luminescence spectra that cannot be decoded by conventional optical measurements. However, chiral CPL signals have not yet been exploited as an extra security layer in advanced security inks. This Review introduces CPL and related concepts that are necessary to appreciate the challenges and potential of lanthanide-based, CPL-active security inks. We describe recent advances in CPL analysis and read-out technologies that have expedited CPL-active security ink applications. Further, we provide a systematic meta-analysis of strongly CPL-active Euiii, Tbiii, Smiii, Ybiii, Cmiii, Dyiii and Criii complexes, discussing the suitability of their photophysical properties and highlighting promising candidates. We conclude by providing key recommendations for the development and advancement of the field.
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Wade J, Brandt JR, Reger D, Zinna F, Amsharov KY, Jux N, Andrews DL, Fuchter MJ. 500‐Fold Amplification of Small Molecule Circularly Polarised Luminescence through Circularly Polarised FRET. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wade
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Jochen R. Brandt
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - David Reger
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Università di Pisa Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Konstantin Y. Amsharov
- Institute for Organic Chemistry Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - David L. Andrews
- University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Matthew J. Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
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Ji L, Zhao Y, Tao M, Wang H, Niu D, Ouyang G, Xia A, Liu M. Dimension-Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescent Nanoassemblies with Emerging Selective Chirality and Energy Transfer. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2373-2384. [PMID: 32027478 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The selective interplay between dimensional morphology transition and signal transfer is an important feature for both nanomaterials and biosystems. While most of those reported examples considered either dimensional transition or signal transfer, the integrated interplay or selectivity for these two aspects in single self-assembled system has been rarely studied. Here, we report that a positively charged chiral π-building block could self-assemble into multidimensional nanostructures, which showed tunable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Impressively, when these CPL-active multidimensional structures interacted with two achiral dyes (positively charged ThT and negatively charged CNA), 3D nanocubes and 0D nanospheres showed neither chirality transfer nor energy transfer, while 2D nanoplates could successfully trigger a selective chirality or energy transfer depending on the charge type of acceptor dyes, which then emitted an enhanced CPL signal. This work demonstrated rational design of charged π-building block for the construction of dimension controllable and selective signal transfer self-assembly system, which might deepen the understanding the interplay of dimensional structures and signal transfer functions in natural and nano systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukang Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- College of Pharmacy , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , P.R. China
| | - Min Tao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Hanxiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Dian Niu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Ouyang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Andong Xia
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin 300072 , P.R. China
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15
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Forbes KA, Bradshaw DS, Andrews DL. Influence of chirality on fluorescence and resonance energy transfer. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:034305. [PMID: 31325950 DOI: 10.1063/1.5109844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronically excited molecules frequently exhibit two distinctive decay mechanisms that rapidly generate optical emission: one is direct fluorescence and the other is energy transfer to a neighboring component. In the latter, the process leading to the ensuing "indirect" fluorescence is known as FRET, or fluorescence resonance energy transfer. For chiral molecules, both fluorescence and FRET exhibit discriminatory behavior with respect to optical and material handedness. While chiral effects such as circular dichroism are well known, as too is chiral discrimination for FRET in isolation, this article presents a study on a stepwise mechanism that involves both. Chirally sensitive processes follow excitation through the absorption of circularly polarized light and are manifest in either direct or indirect fluorescence. Following recent studies setting down the symmetry principles, this analysis provides a rigorous, quantum outlook that complements and expands on these works. Circumventing expressions that contain complicated tensorial components, our results are amenable for determining representative numerical values for the relative importance of the various coupling processes. We discover that circular dichroism exerts a major influence on both fluorescence and FRET, and resolving the engagement of chirality in each component reveals the distinct roles of absorption and emission by, and between, donor and acceptor pairs. It emerges that chiral discrimination in the FRET stage is not, as might have been expected, the main arbiter in the stepwise mechanism. In the concluding discussion on various concepts, attention is focused on the validity of helicity transfer in FRET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayn A Forbes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - David S Bradshaw
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - David L Andrews
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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