1
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Suzuki E, Imuta H, Fujita D, Takahashi M, Oba S, Kiyosue A, Nishimatsu H. Endogenous Interleukin-1β Is Implicated in Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Apolipoprotein E Gene Null Mice. Circ J 2018; 82:1130-1138. [PMID: 29467356 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) has been implicated in plaque instability and rupture in atherosclerotic lesions, although the mechanisms by which IPH progresses remain largely unknown. In this study, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice with carotid artery ligation and cuff placement around the artery were used, and pro-inflammatory cytokines that are implicated in IPH were analyzed.Methods and Results:The expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) increased significantly following cuff placement compared with mice with carotid artery ligation alone. IPH occurred in the cuff-placed carotid artery following treatment with the negative control (NC) small interfering RNA (siRNA). However, the occurrence was significantly reduced in the cuff-placed carotid artery following treatment with an IL-1β siRNA. Neovessel formation was significantly reduced in the carotid artery treated with the NC siRNA compared with that treated with IL-1β siRNA. IL-1β significantly inhibited the tube formation and wound healing capacities of vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, immunostaining of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) significantly increased in the carotid artery treated with the NC siRNA compared with that treated with IL-1β siRNA. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that endogenous IL-1β is implicated in the progression of IPH via the inhibition of physiological angiogenesis in the atherosclerotic plaque, leading to the formation of leaky neovessels. Furthermore, the stimulation of MMP-9 expression may also contribute to the formation of leaky neovessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsu Suzuki
- Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyuki Imuta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo
| | - Daishi Fujita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo
| | - Masao Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeyoshi Oba
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo
| | - Arihiro Kiyosue
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo
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2
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Chen S, Li C, Wu B, Zhang C, Liu C, Lin X, Wu X, Sun L, Liu C, Chen B, Zhong Z, Xu L, Li E. Identification of differentially expressed genes and their subpathways in recurrent versus primary bone giant cell tumors. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1133-42. [PMID: 24969034 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone is a benign but locally aggressive bone neoplasm with a strong tendency to develop local recurrent and metastatic disease. Thus, it provides a useful model system for the identification of biological mechanisms involved in bone tumor progression and metastasis. This study profiled 24 cases of recurrent versus primary bone GCT tissues using QuantiGene 2.0 Multiplex Arrays that included Human p53 80-Plex Panels and Human Stem Cell 80-Plex Panels. A total of 32 differentially expressed genes were identified, including the 20 most upregulated genes and the 12 most downregulated genes in recurrent GCT. The genes identified are related to cell growth, adhesion, apoptosis, signal transduction and bone formation. Furthermore, iSubpathwayMiner analyses were performed to identify significant biological pathway regions (subpathway) associated with this disease. The pathway analysis identified 11 statistically significant enriched subpathways, including pathways in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation pathway and Wnt signaling pathway. Among these subpathways, four genes (IGF1, MDM2, STAT1 and RAC1) were presumed to play an important role in bone GCT recurrence. The differentially expressed MDM2 protein was immunohistochemically confirmed in the recurrent versus primary bone GCT tissues. This study identified differentially expressed genes and their subpathways in recurrent GCT, which may serve as potential biomarkers for the prediction of GCT recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Chunquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Bingli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Chunlong Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqiao Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Chunpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
| | - Enmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P.R. China
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3
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Cowan RW, Singh G. Giant cell tumor of bone: a basic science perspective. Bone 2013; 52:238-46. [PMID: 23063845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Comprehending the pathogenesis of giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is of critical importance for developing novel targeted treatments for this locally-aggressive primary bone tumor. GCT is characterized by the presence of large multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells distributed amongst mononuclear spindle-like stromal cells and other monocytes. The giant cells are principally responsible for the extensive bone resorption by the tumor. However, the spindle-like stromal cells chiefly direct the pathology of the tumor by recruiting monocytes and promoting their fusion into giant cells. The stromal cells also enhance the resorptive ability of the giant cells. This review encompasses many of the attributes of GCT, including the process of giant cell formation and the mechanisms of bone resorption. The significance of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in the development of GCT and the importance of proteases, including numerous matrix metalloproteinases, are highlighted. The mesenchymal lineage of the stromal cells and the origin of the hematopoietic monocytes are also discussed. Several aspects of GCT that require further understanding, including the etiology of the tumor, the mechanisms of metastases, and the development of an appropriate animal model, are also considered. By exploring the current status of GCT research, this review accentuates the significant progress made in understanding the biology of the tumor, and discusses important areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Cowan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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4
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Chung AS, Waldeck H, Schmidt DR, Kao WJ. Monocyte inflammatory and matrix remodeling response modulated by grafted ECM-derived ligand concentration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 91:742-52. [PMID: 19051303 PMCID: PMC2767419 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ligands presented on biomaterials are a common method to facilitate and control the host response. In a gelatin and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGdA) based semi-interpenetrating network (sIPN), the effects of extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived peptide amount on monocyte adhesion and subsequent protein and mRNA expression were examined. Peptide amount on the sIPN surface was controlled by varying the wt % ratio of the peptide-PEG grafted gelatin to PEGdA. We hypothesized that increasing bioactive peptide amount would modulate human blood-derived monocyte adhesion, cytokine expression, and gene regulation. Monocyte adhesion, release of gelatin degrading proteases matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), and proinflammatory protein interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and mRNA expression of these proteins were evaluated. We found RGD-PEG grafted sIPNs with higher surface RGD concentrations showed increased adherent density. MMP-2 and IL-1beta protein release was also influenced by the ligand concentration, as initial increase in protein concentration was observed at higher ligand concentrations. MMP-9 protein showed an initial increase that subsided then increased. A decreased IL-1beta protein and mRNA expression was observed over time but MMP-2 mRNA was not detected at any time though MMP-2 protein concentrations showed an initial burst. Hence, monocyte behavior was modulated by surface ligand identity in tandem with ligand concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy S Chung
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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5
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Rabinovich A, Mak IWY, Cowan RW, Turcotte RE, Colterjohn N, Singh G, Ghert M. Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in the Stromal Cell of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 1:46-52. [PMID: 22287999 PMCID: PMC3266943 DOI: 10.2174/1876525400901010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a destructive and potentially metastatic bone tumour in which the characteristic giant cells have classically been considered the culprits in bone destruction. However, the neoplastic element of the tumour consists of propagative osteoblast-like stromal cells that may play a role in bone resorption. The objectives of this study were to determine the expression and activity of the gelatinases, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9, in GCT stromal cells, and to determine if these cells have bone-resorbing capabilities. We performed immunohistochemistry on clinical specimens, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and zymography on cell lysates and conditioned media from cultured clinical GCT specimens in order to evaluate the expression and activity of MMP-2 and-9 in GCT stromal cells. Our results support the fact that GCT stromal cells express MMP-2 and MMP-9 and are capable of gelatin degradation in vitro. These cells may therefore play a role in bone destruction in GCT.
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6
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Ghert M, Simunovic N, Cowan RW, Colterjohn N, Singh G. Properties of the stromal cell in giant cell tumor of bone. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007; 459:8-13. [PMID: 17327805 DOI: 10.1097/blo.0b013e31804856a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The histiogenesis and mechanisms of bone destruction in giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone are not well understood. We asked whether the spindle-like stromal cells of GCT of bone exhibit osteoblastic properties, and whether the stromal cells produce active matrix-degrading proteases in vitro. We performed immunohistochemistry on 17 paraffin-embedded archival specimens with a pathologic diagnosis of GCT with monoclonal antibodies for the osteoblastic lineage markers osteopontin, osteonectin, and osteocalcin. The average staining grade for the 17 specimens was highest for osteonectin, followed by osteopontin, and osteocalcin. Primary cell cultures of GCT stromal cells were prepared from two fresh tumor specimens. Western blots were used on the cell lysates and media to detect osteocalcin precursor and the matrix-degrading proteases MMP-2 and MMP-9. We found the stromal cells in culture produce osteocalcin precursor, indicating osteoblastic lineage. The cells also express both the active and inactive isoforms of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Gelatinase assays confirmed the activity of the proteases in vitro. The spindle like stromal cells of GCT have characteristics of osteoblast progenitors and produce active matrix-degrading proteases. These cells may therefore play a central role in bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ghert
- McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences and the Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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7
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Komohara Y, Hirahara J, Horikawa T, Kawamura K, Kiyota E, Sakashita N, Araki N, Takeya M. AM-3K, an anti-macrophage antibody, recognizes CD163, a molecule associated with an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. J Histochem Cytochem 2006; 54:763-71. [PMID: 16517975 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5a6871.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD163 is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich superfamily restricted to the monocyte/macrophage lineage and is thought to be a useful marker for anti-inflammatory or alternatively activated macrophages. In this study we used mass spectrometric analysis to determine that the antigen recognized by the antibody AM-3K, which we previously generated as a tissue macrophage-specific monoclonal antibody, was CD163. An anti-inflammatory subtype of macrophages stimulated by dexamethasone or interleukin-10 showed strong reactivity for AM-3K and increased expression of CD163 mRNA. Immunohistochemical staining of routinely processed pathological specimens revealed that AM-3K recognized a specialized subpopulation of macrophages. In granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or foreign body reactions, tissue macrophages around granulomas, but not component cells of the granulomas such as epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells, showed positive staining for AM-3K. In atherosclerotic lesions, scattered macrophages in diffuse intimal lesions were strongly positive for AM-3K, whereas foamy macrophages in atheromatous plaques demonstrated only weak staining. We therefore suggest that, in routine pathological specimens, AM-3K is a useful marker for anti-inflammatory macrophages because these cells can be distinguished from inflammatory or classically activated macrophages. Because AM-3K cross-reacts with macrophage subpopulations in different animal species including rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, goats, pigs, bovine species, horses, monkeys, and cetaceans, it will have wide application for detection of CD163 in various animals.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/immunology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Bone Neoplasms/immunology
- Bone Neoplasms/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Foreign-Body Reaction/immunology
- Foreign-Body Reaction/metabolism
- Gaucher Disease/immunology
- Gaucher Disease/metabolism
- Giant Cell Tumors/immunology
- Giant Cell Tumors/metabolism
- Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/immunology
- Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/metabolism
- Histiocytosis, Sinus/immunology
- Histiocytosis, Sinus/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Macrophage Activation
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mass Spectrometry
- Paraffin Embedding
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Sarcoidosis/immunology
- Sarcoidosis/metabolism
- Soft Tissue Neoplasms/immunology
- Soft Tissue Neoplasms/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University 1-1-1, Honjo Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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8
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Li A, Varney ML, Valasek J, Godfrey M, Dave BJ, Singh RK. Autocrine role of interleukin-8 in induction of endothelial cell proliferation, survival, migration and MMP-2 production and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2005; 8:63-71. [PMID: 16132619 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-005-5208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2004] [Accepted: 03/29/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8), a paracrine angiogenic factor, modulates multiple biologic functions in CXCR1 and CXCR2 expressing endothelial cells. Several reports suggest that inflammation, infection, cellular stress and tumor presence regulate IL-8 production in endothelial cells. In the present study, we test the hypothesis that IL-8 regulates multiple biological effects in endothelial cells in an autocrine manner. We examined the autocrine role of IL-8 in regulating angiogenesis by using a neutralizing antibody to IL-8, CXCR1 or CXCR2 in human vein umbilical endothelial cell (HUVEC) and human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC). Neutralizing antibody to IL-8, CXCR1 or CXCR2 inhibited endothelial cell proliferation, and MMP-2 production as compared to cells cultured with medium alone or control antibody. In addition, we observed that the number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in anti-IL-8, anti-CXCR1 and anti-CXCR2 treated endothelial cells, which coincided with decreased survival-associated gene expression. We observed reduced migration of endothelial cells treated with anti-IL-8 and anti-CXCR2 antibody, but not anti-CXCR1 antibody as compared to controls. Further, we observed an inhibition of capillary tube formation and neovascularization following treatment with anti-IL-8, anti-CXCR1 and anti-CXCR2 antibodies. Together these data suggest that IL-8 functions as an important autocrine growth and angiogenic factor in regulating multiple biological activities in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Li
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, 985845, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-7660, USA
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9
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Wuelling M, Delling G, Kaiser E. Differential gene expression in stromal cells of human giant cell tumor of bone. Virchows Arch 2004; 445:621-30. [PMID: 15449052 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-004-1113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2004] [Accepted: 08/02/2004] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell tumor (GCT) offers a unique model for the hematopoietic-stromal cell interaction in human bone marrow. Evidence has been presented that GCT stromal cells (GCTSCs) promote accumulation, size and activity of the giant cells. Although GCTSCs are considered the neoplastic component of GCT, little is known about their genetic basis and, to date, a tumor-specific gene expression pattern has not been characterized. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified as the origin of the GCT neoplastic stromal cell. Using state of the art array technology, expression profiling was applied to enriched stromal cell populations from five different GCTs and two primary MSCs as controls. Of the 29 differentially expressed genes found, 25 showed an increased expression. Differential mRNA expression was verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of 10 selected genes, supporting the validity of cDNA arrays as a tool to identify tumor-related genes in GCTSCs. Increased expression of two oncogenes, JUN and NME2, was substantiated at the protein level, utilizing immunohistochemical evaluation of GCT sections and Western-blot analysis. Increased phosphorylation of JUN Ser-63 was also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wuelling
- Department of Bone Pathology, Center of Biomechanics, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestrasse 59, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Morelli C, Campioni K, Parolin C, Palù G, Tognon M. Activity of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter in human normal and tumor cells. J Cell Physiol 2004; 199:126-33. [PMID: 14978741 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.10450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of proteins essential for those processes involving extracellular matrix degradation, such as embryonic development, morphogenesis, and tissue resorption and remodeling. Some members of this family play a crucial role also in tumor invasion. Most notably, MMP-9 is expressed in invasive tumors, and represents a key protein in brain tumor progression, whereas it is not expressed in adult normal tissues. The expression of the MMP-9, like other members of the family, is transcriptionally regulated. We, therefore, postulated that the MMP-9 promoter could be useful in driving selective expression of exogenous genes in tumor cells. This represents a key feature for gene therapy applications, since currently employed viral promoters induce severe organ toxicity, limiting the clinical benefits. In this study, we investigated the activity of the MMP-9 promoter in driving exogenous gene expression in human cell lines. High levels of reporter gene expression were detected in tumor derived cell lines, whereas the MMP-9 promoter activity in non-tumor cells was negligible. Furthermore, we show that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is able to enhance considerably the MMP-9 promoter activity only in tumor cells. Since recent studies have indicated that MMP-9 enzymatic activity is detectable in the blood, it would be possible to screen potential responsive patients for a tumor gene therapy approach based on the MMP-9 promoter. Taken together these data suggest that MMP-9 promoter has the characteristics for transcritpionally targeted and inducible gene therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morelli
- Department of Morphology and Embryology, and Center of Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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11
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Li A, Dubey S, Varney ML, Dave BJ, Singh RK. IL-8 directly enhanced endothelial cell survival, proliferation, and matrix metalloproteinases production and regulated angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 170:3369-76. [PMID: 12626597 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.6.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 963] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IL-8, a member of the chemokine family, has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The objective of this study was to determine the mechanism of IL-8-mediated angiogenesis. We examined the direct role of IL-8 in angiogenesis by examining IL-8 receptor expression on endothelial cells and their proliferation, survival, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) production. We demonstrate that HUVEC and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells constitutively express CXCR1 and CXCR2 mRNA and protein. Recombinant human IL-8 induced endothelial cell proliferation and capillary tube organization while neutralization of IL-8 by anti-IL-8 Ab blocks IL-8-mediated capillary tube organization. Incubation of endothelial cells with IL-8 inhibited endothelial cell apoptosis and enhanced antiapoptotic gene expression. Endothelial cells incubated with IL-8 had higher levels of Bcl-x(L):Bcl-x(S) and Bcl-2:Bax ratios. Furthermore, incubation of endothelial cells with IL-8 up-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 production and mRNA expression. Our data suggest that IL-8 directly enhanced endothelial cell proliferation, survival, and MMP expression in CXCR1- and CXCR2-expressing endothelial cells and regulated angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis/immunology
- Capillaries/physiology
- Cell Division/genetics
- Cell Division/immunology
- Cell Line
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Cell Survival/immunology
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-8/metabolism
- Interleukin-8/physiology
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/genetics
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/physiology
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/physiology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- Up-Regulation/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Li
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987660 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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12
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Abstract
Giant cell tumor of bone is an enigmatic osseous neoplasm that is histologically benign but clinically shows local aggression and metastatic potential. The absence of clinical, radiographic, or pathologic features that are predictive of tumor behavior and patient outcome has resulted in recent attention to the pathobiology of giant cell tumor of bone. In this report, the clinicopathologic features of and current treatment approaches to giant cell tumor of bone are reviewed. Recent investigations of the specific role of the cell populations present in giant cell tumor of bone that influence tumor proliferation, bone resorption, and its clinical behavior are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan W Yasko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Box 444, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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13
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Li A, Dubey S, Varney ML, Singh RK. Interleukin-8-induced proliferation, survival, and MMP production in CXCR1 and CXCR2 expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2002; 64:476-81. [PMID: 12453441 DOI: 10.1006/mvre.2002.2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Li
- Department of Patholoogy and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987660 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7660, USA
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14
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Abstract
There are complex bi-directional interactions among the central nervous system (CNS), the endocrine system, and the immune system. Although the mechanisms of this bi-directional communication is not yet fully understood, studies in the field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) have shown that stress, through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and the sympathetic-adrenal medullary (SAM) axes, can result in the dysregulation of the immune system. In this review, we discuss human studies and animal models, which focuses on psychological stress emphasizing the implications of these effects on wound healing and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric V Yang
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus 43210, USA
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15
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Gan X, Wong B, Wright SD, Cai TQ. Production of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in CaCO-2 cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2001; 21:93-8. [PMID: 11244573 DOI: 10.1089/107999001750069953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) may play an important role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the cellular source of MMP-9 in the inflamed mucosa of IBD remains unclear. Here we report that MMP-9 mRNA is expressed in CaCO-2 cells, an intestinal epithelial cell line, and that its expression is upregulated by inflammatory stimuli. Stimulation of CaCO-2 cells with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) led to a dose-dependent increase in expression and secretion of MMP-9. In contrast, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) failed to induce expression or secretion of MMP-9, suggesting that an inflammatory reaction leading to cytokine release is a necessary step for the induction of MMP-9 release in intestinal epithelial cells. Additional studies show that induction of MMP-9 mRNA peaked at 16 h of IL-1beta stimulation, whereas expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-8 both peaked at 3 h of stimulation. Treatment of CaCO-2 cells with rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist, significantly reduced secretion of MMP-9, indicating that agents that activate PPAR-gamma may have therapeutic use in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gan
- Department of Lipid Biochemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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