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Lockhart A, Simon JE, Wu Q. Stability study of Nepeta cataria iridoids analyzed by LC/MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 39099156 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catnip (Nepeta cataria, L.) has well-documented applications in arthropod repellency because of its bioactive iridoids. Long-term stability of nepetalactones and other iridoids in N. cataria are needed to develop as effective pest repellents. OBJECTIVES The present work intends to measure iridoid concentration over time in biomass, plant extracts, and extract solution while identifying degradative byproducts under different storage conditions. METHODOLOGY Samples of desiccated biomass, ethanol extract, and extract in ethanol solution were stored in ambient light or darkness. Through UHPLC-QTOF/MS or UHPLC-QQQ/MS, the concentration of Z,E-nepetalactone, E,Z-nepetalactone, nepetalic acid, and dihydronepetalactone were examined over 2 years and statistically analyzed for determination of best storage practices. Degradation kinetics were applied to each analyte using graphical estimation. With targeted formula searching, degradative byproducts were identified and quantified. RESULTS Light exposure caused significant decreases in E,Z-nepetalactone concentration in all sample types, while having no effect on Z,E-nepetalactone as it decayed more rapidly. Extract samples lost nepetalactone content faster than biomass or extract solution. Dihydronepetalactone levels were low, but never declined over 2 years. Nepetalic acid increased over some periods, depending on sample type, indicating a relationship between the acid and nepetalactone. Four degradative byproducts-nepetonic acid, dehydronepetalactone, an anhydride, and an ethanolic ester-were identified, with variable responses to light exposure. CONCLUSIONS Protecting catnip products from light is necessary to preserve nepetalactones, and a discernable difference in nepetalactone isomer stability was discovered. Identifying Nepeta chemotypes rich in dihydronepetalactone may provide more resilient botanicals as starting materials for processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lockhart
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Rutgers Core Facility for Natural Products and Bioanalysis, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program (NUANP), Department of Plant Biology, Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health and Natural Products, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - James Edward Simon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Rutgers Core Facility for Natural Products and Bioanalysis, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program (NUANP), Department of Plant Biology, Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health and Natural Products, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Qingli Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Rutgers Core Facility for Natural Products and Bioanalysis, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program (NUANP), Department of Plant Biology, Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health and Natural Products, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Zhang D, Lu M, Liu X, Wei X, Lv G, Shi J, Battino M, Chen K, Zou X. Effect of Phenol and Alkylamide Interaction on α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Cellular Antioxidant Activity during In Vitro Digestion: Using Szechuan Pepper ( Zanthoxylum genus) as a Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11531-11548. [PMID: 38700894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Although recent evidence indicated significant phenol and alkylamide interaction in aqueous solutions, the gastrointestinal digestion influence of the combination remains unclear. This study aims to investigate phenol and alkylamide interaction during in vitro digestion, focusing on bioaccessibility and bioactivity, including α-glucosidase inhibition and cellular antioxidant activity. Additionally, the structural mechanism of phenol and alkylamide interaction during in vitro digestion was explored. The results indicated that the presence of phenols and alkylamides significantly increased or decreased their respective bioaccessibility, depending on the Zanthoxylum varieties. Furthermore, although antagonistic phenol/alkylamide interaction was evident during α-glucosidase inhibition, cellular oxidative stress alleviation, and antioxidant gene transcription upregulation, this effect weakened gradually as digestion progressed. Glycoside bond cleavage and the methylation of phenols as well as alkylamide isomerization and addition were observed during digestion, modifying the hydrogen bonding sites and interaction behavior. This study provided insights into the phenol/alkylamide interaction in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Minmin Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xuhao Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaoou Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanhua Lv
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Maurizio Battino
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Kexian Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Amtaghri S, Slaoui M, Eddouks M. Mentha Pulegium: A Plant with Several Medicinal Properties. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:302-320. [PMID: 37711001 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230914103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The species Mentha Pulegium L. (M. pulegium L.) belongs to the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, and the genus Mentha. It has been traditionally used in food, cosmetics, and medicines. It is a perennial, fragrant, well-liked, herbaceous plant that can grow up to half a meter tall. It is extensively used as a food flavoring, particularly for Moroccan traditional drinks. Chewing mint and M. pulegium, a relaxing and refreshing plant, can be used to treat hiccups and act as an anticonvulsant and nerve relaxant. Pennyroyal leaves that have been crushed have a pungent, spearmint-like scent. Pennyroyal is used to make herbal teas, which, while not proven to be harmful to healthy adults in small doses, are not recommended due to their liver toxicity. Infants and children can die if they consume it. Pennyroyal leaves, both fresh and dried, are particularly effective at repelling insects. Pennyroyal essential oil should never be taken internally because it is highly toxic, even in small doses, it can be fatal. This plant is used in traditional Moroccan medicine to treat a wide range of conditions, including influenza, rheumatism, migraine, infertility, ulcer, pain, gastrointestinal problems, fever, diabetes, obesity, mental and cardiac disorders, constipation, respiratory ailments, and cough. M. pulegium is a great candidate for contemporary therapeutic usage since it contains a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins in all its parts. Among the different parts used are the whole plant, the aerial part, the stem, and the leaves. More interestingly, the entire plant contains a variety of compounds including Pulegone, Isomenthone, Carvone, Menthofuran, Menthol, 1,8-Cineole, Piperitone, Piperitenone, Neomenthol, -humulene, and 3-octanol. Eriocitrin, Hesperidin, Narirutin, Luteolin, Isorhoifolin, Galic acid, and Rosmarinic acid are found in the leaves. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, Ferulic acid, Caffeic acid, Vanillic acid, Syringic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Cinnamic acid, Phloretic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, Catechin, Epicatechin, Chrysin, Quercetin, Naringenin, Carvacrol are all found in the areal part. Alterporriol G, Atropisomer, Alterporriol H, Altersolanol K, Altersolanol L, Stemphypyrone, 6-O-methylalaternin, Macrosporin, Altersolanol A, Alterporriol E, Alterporriol D, Alterporriol A, Alterporriol B, and Altersolanol J are also found in the stem of fungus. Pulegone, Piperitone, p-Menthane-1,2,3- triol, β-elemenene, guanine (cis-), Carvacrol acetate, and Phenyl ethyl alcohol are all components of this plant's essential oils. Moreover, the study also sought to investigate and document all currently available evidence and information on the nutritional composition and therapeutic uses of this plant ornamental. Its pharmacological applications include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antifungal, anticancer, burn wound healing, antispasmodic, and hepatotoxicity. Finally, toxicological studies have revealed that while low doses of extracts of the plant M. pulegium are not toxic, however, its essential oils of it are extremely toxic. In order to evaluate future research needs and investigate its pharmacological applications through clinical trials, the current assessment focuses on the distribution, chemical composition, biological activities, and primary uses of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Amtaghri
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
- Energy, Materials and Sustainable Development (EMDD) Team, Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Miloudia Slaoui
- Energy, Materials and Sustainable Development (EMDD) Team, Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
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Abdurrahim AE, Mazurak VC, Chen L. Gingerols synergize with anthocyanins to induce antioxidant activity in vitro. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1229015. [PMID: 37743923 PMCID: PMC10514514 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1229015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by free radicals contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple chronic health conditions. Phytochemicals protect against oxidative stress; however, low bioavailability from dietary sources limits their health benefits. This study aimed to assess the effects of anthocyanins and gingerols' combination on the cellular antioxidant response of Caco-2 cells against oxidative stress. A strong synergism was observed for anthocyanin-gingerol (Ac-G) w/w combined ratios of 8:1 and 2:1 (dosages of (1 + 0.125) and (1 + 0.5) μg/mL) in the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and cytoprotective effects, with synergistic effect indicator (SE) values of 1.41 and 1.61, respectively. The synergism of Ac-G combinations promoted cellular antioxidant defense systems and cytoprotective effects by reducing the induced GPx enzyme activity, protecting SOD enzyme activity, reducing cellular ROS generation, increasing glutathione content, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Thus, Ac-G combinations showed potential in supporting the endogenous antioxidant systems to protect cells from oxidation and restore physiological redox status. The Ac-G formulation is a promising healthy option that can be developed into functional foods or nutraceutical products. Furthermore, it could help address the low bioavailability of these phenolics, as higher effects were achieved when combining the same doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Emhemed Abdurrahim
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, College of Medical Technology-Misurata, Misurata, Libya
| | - Vera C. Mazurak
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Vijay K, Ambedkar R, Sowmya PRR, Ramaiah S, Ranga Rao A, Gundamaraju R, Hanumanthappa M, Malarvili MB, Manikam R, Lakshminarayana R. Prevention of aspirin-mediated secondary toxicity by combined treatment of carotenoids in macrophages. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:223. [PMID: 37292139 PMCID: PMC10244315 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon understanding the boosting role of carotenoids on the endogenous anti-inflammatory system, it is vital to explore their role in reducing the use of high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), and their mediated secondary toxicity during the treatment of chronic diseases. The current study investigates the carotenoids potential on inhibition of secondary complications induced by NSAIDs, aspirin (ASA) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated inflammation. Initially, this study evaluated a minimal cytotoxic dose of ASA and carotenoids (β-carotene, BC/lutein, LUT/astaxanthin, AST/fucoxanthin FUCO) in Raw 264.7, U937, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In all three cells, carotenoids + ASA treatment reduced the LDH release, NO, and PGE2 efficiently than an equivalent dose of carotenoid or ASA treated alone. Based on cytotoxicity and sensitivity results, RAW 264.7 cells were selected for further cell-based assay. Among carotenoids, FUCO + ASA exhibited an efficient reduction of LDH release, NO, and PGE2 than the other carotenoids (BC + ASA, LUT + ASA, and AST + ASA) treatment. FUCO + ASA combination decreased LPS/ASA induced oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory mediators (iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB), and cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) efficiently. Further, apoptosis was inhibited by 69.2% in FUCO + ASA, and 46.7% in ASA than LPS treated cells. A drastic decrease in intracellular ROS generation with the increase in GSH was observed in FUCO + ASA compared to LPS/ASA groups. The results documented on the low dose of ASA with a relative physiological concentration of FUCO suggested greater importance for alleviating secondary complications and optimize prolonged chronic disease treatments with NSAID's associated side effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03632-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariyappa Vijay
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | - Rudrappa Ambedkar
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | | | - Suresh Ramaiah
- Department of Statistics, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | - Ambati Ranga Rao
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation of Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213 India
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248 Australia
| | - Manjunatha Hanumanthappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | - M. B. Malarvili
- Trauma and Emergency, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rishya Manikam
- School of Biomedical and Health Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru Malaysia
| | - Rangaswamy Lakshminarayana
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
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Individual and Combined Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Spice Phenolics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020308. [PMID: 36829866 PMCID: PMC9952251 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the interaction effects (additive, synergistic, and antagonistic) of different groups of spices, their constituent phenolic compounds, and synthetic antioxidants on the total phenol (TP) content and antioxidant activity, as measured by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the mixtures. The results showed that there was an additive effect in all the groups studied, except for the group containing turmeric or curcumin. The groups containing turmeric or curcumin showed a moderate synergistic effect. Among the groups of spices, the highest summated TP (50.6 mg GAE/mL) and FRAP (106.2 mg Trolox/mL) values were observed in the group containing clove, cinnamon, pimento, rosemary, oregano, and cardamom. In the case of the groups of pure phenolics, the highest summated TP (364.96 mg GAE/mL) and FRAP (1124.25 mg Trolox/mL) values were observed in the group containing eugenol, acetyl eugenol, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid. The summated and combined TP and FRAP values of the samples correlated highly with the correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.976 and 0.988, respectively, inferring an additive nature of the interaction effect in most of the groups studied. The interactions of phenolics in mixtures are very complex, being affected by a number of factors, and requires more investigations. The current study will add considerable knowledge to the existing literature to understand the diversity and mechanisms of interactions.
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Atheroprotective Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154697. [PMID: 35897875 PMCID: PMC9332620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis are the major cause of death in developed countries. Early prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis are considered to be an important aspect of the therapy of cardiovascular disease. Preparations based on natural products affect the main pathogenetic steps of atherogenesis, and so represent a perspective for the long-term prevention of atherosclerosis development. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the multiple beneficial effects of licorice and its bioactive compounds—anti-inflammatory, anti-cytokine, antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, and anti-platelet action—which allow us to consider licorice as a promising atheroprotective agent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the licorice anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms of action based on the results of experimental studies, including the results of the in vitro study demonstrating licorice effect on the ability of blood serum to reduce intracellular cholesterol accumulation in cultured macrophages, and presented the results of clinical studies confirming the ameliorating activity of licorice in regard to traditional cardiovascular risk factors as well as the direct anti-atherosclerotic effect of licorice.
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Otocka-Kmiecik A. Effect of Carotenoids on Paraoxonase-1 Activity and Gene Expression. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142842. [PMID: 35889799 PMCID: PMC9318174 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme attached to HDL with an anti-atherogenic potential. It protects LDL and HDL from lipid peroxidation. The enzyme is sensitive to various modulating factors, such as genetic polymorphisms as well as pharmacological, dietary (including carotenoids), and lifestyle interventions. Carotenoids are nutritional pigments with antioxidant activity. The aim of this review was to gather evidence on their effect on the modulation of PON1 activity and gene expression. Carotenoids administered as naturally occurring nutritional mixtures may present a synergistic beneficial effect on PON1 status. The effect of carotenoids on the enzyme depends on age, ethnicity, gender, diet, and PON1 genetic variation. Carotenoids, especially astaxanthin, β-carotene, and lycopene, increase PON1 activity. This effect may be explained by their ability to quench singlet oxygen and scavenge free radicals. β-carotene and lycopene were additionally shown to upregulate PON1 gene expression. The putative mechanisms of such regulation involve PON1 CpG-rich region methylation, Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKKII) pathway induction, and upregulation via steroid regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2). More detailed and extensive research on the mechanisms of PON1 modulation by carotenoids may lead to the development of new targeted therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Otocka-Kmiecik
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka St., 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Liu R, Xu Y, Zhang T, Gong M, Liu R, Chang M, Wang X. Interactions between liposoluble antioxidants: A critical review. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant for the Amelioration of Type II Diabetes Mellitus. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072335. [PMID: 35408734 PMCID: PMC9000630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition is of utmost importance in chronic disease management and has often been described as the cornerstone of a variety of non-communicable diseases. In particular, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a prevalent and global public health crisis. Lycopene, a bright red carotenoid hydrocarbon found in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, has been extensively studied for its biological activities and treatment efficiency in diabetes care. Epidemiological investigations indicate that lycopene has potential antioxidant properties, is capable of scavenging reactive species, and alleviates oxidative stress in T2DM patients. This review aims to summarize the characteristics and mechanisms of action of lycopene as a potent antioxidant for T2DM. In addition, the evidence demonstrating the effects of lycopene on glycemic control and oxidative stress biomarkers in T2DM are also highlighted using animal and human studies as literature approach.
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Tian Z, Zhang X, Sun M. Phytochemicals Mediate Autophagy Against Osteoarthritis by Maintaining Cartilage Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:795058. [PMID: 34987406 PMCID: PMC8722717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.795058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease and is a leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. There are currently no clinical treatments that can stop or slow down OA. Drugs have pain-relieving effects, but they do not slow down the course of OA and their long-term use can lead to serious side effects. Therefore, safe and clinically appropriate long-term treatments for OA are urgently needed. Autophagy is an intracellular protective mechanism, and targeting autophagy-related pathways has been found to prevent and treat various diseases. Attenuation of the autophagic pathway has now been found to disrupt cartilage homeostasis and plays an important role in the development of OA. Therefore, modulation of autophagic signaling pathways mediating cartilage homeostasis has been considered as a potential therapeutic option for OA. Phytochemicals are active ingredients from plants that have recently been found to reduce inflammatory factor levels in cartilage as well as attenuate chondrocyte apoptosis by modulating autophagy-related signaling pathways, which are not only widely available but also have the potential to alleviate the symptoms of OA. We reviewed preclinical studies and clinical studies of phytochemicals mediating autophagy to regulate cartilage homeostasis for the treatment of OA. The results suggest that phytochemicals derived from plant extracts can target relevant autophagic pathways as complementary and alternative agents for the treatment of OA if subjected to rigorous clinical trials and pharmacological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tian
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinan Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Jebali J, Ghazghazi H, Aouadhi C, ELBini-Dhouib I, Ben Salem R, Srairi-Abid N, Marrakchi N, Rigane G. Tunisian Native Mentha pulegium L. Extracts: Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010314. [PMID: 35011545 PMCID: PMC8746529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mint species (Lamiaceae family) have been used as traditional remedies for the treatment of several diseases. In this work, we aimed to characterize the biological activities of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Mentha pulegium L. extracts collected from two different regions of Tunisia. The highest amounts of total phenols (74.45 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (28.87 ± 0.02 mg RE/g DW), and condensed tannins (4.35 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) were found in the Bizerte locality. Methanolic leaf extracts were subjected to HPLC-UV analysis in order to identify and quantify the phenolic composition. This technique allowed us to identify seven phenolic compounds: two phenolic acids and five flavonoid compounds, such as eriocitrin, hesperidin, narirutin, luteolin, and isorhoifolin, which were found in both extracts with significant differences between samples collected from the different regions (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our results showed that the methanolic extract from leaves collected from Bizerte had the highest antioxidant activities (DPPH IC50 value of 16.31 μg/mL and 570.08 μmol Fe2+/g, respectively). Both extracts showed high radical-scavenging activity as well as significant antimicrobial activity against eight tested bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram-positive bacteria with inhibition zone diameters and MIC values ranging between 19 and 32 mm and 40 and 160 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, at 10 μg/mL, the extract had a significant effect on cell proliferation of U87 human glioblastoma cells. These findings open perspectives for the use of Mentha pulegium L. extract in green pharmacy, alternative/complementary medicine, and natural preventive therapies for the development of effective antioxidant, antibacterial, and/or antitumoral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed Jebali
- Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Institut Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (I.E.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +216-71-844-688 (ext. 491); Fax: +216-71-791-833
| | - Hanene Ghazghazi
- Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry (INRGREF), University of Carthage, Tunis 1004, Tunisia;
| | - Chedia Aouadhi
- Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et Microbiologie Vétérinaire, Groupes de Bactériologie et Développement Biotechnologique, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur, B.P. 74, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
| | - Ines ELBini-Dhouib
- Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Institut Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (I.E.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (N.M.)
| | - Ridha Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (R.B.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Najet Srairi-Abid
- Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Institut Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (I.E.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (N.M.)
| | - Naziha Marrakchi
- Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Institut Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (I.E.-D.); (N.S.-A.); (N.M.)
- Medicine School of Tunis, 15 Djebel Lakhdhar, Street La Rabta, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Ghayth Rigane
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (R.B.S.); (G.R.)
- Chemistry-Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, B.P. 380, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia
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13
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Choi Y, Larson N, Steffen LM, Schreiner PJ, Gallaher DD, Duprez DA, Shikany JM, Rana JS, Jacobs DR. Plant-Centered Diet and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease During Young to Middle Adulthood. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020718. [PMID: 34344159 PMCID: PMC8475033 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The association between diets that focus on plant foods and restrict animal products and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is inconclusive. We investigated whether cumulative intake of a plant‐centered diet and shifting toward such a diet are associated with incident CVD. Methods and Results Participants were 4946 adults in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) prospective study. They were initially 18 to 30 years old and free of CVD (1985–1986, exam year [year 0]) and followed until 2018. Diet was assessed by an interviewer‐administered, validated diet history. Plant‐centered diet quality was assessed using the A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS), in which higher scores indicate higher consumption of nutritionally rich plant foods and limited consumption of high‐fat meat products and less healthy plant foods. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios of CVD associated with both time‐varying average APDQS and a 13‐year change in APDQS score (difference between the year 7 and year 20 assessments). During the 32‐year follow‐up, 289 incident CVD cases were identified. Both long‐term consumption and a change toward such a diet were associated with a lower risk of CVD. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.28–0.81) when comparing the highest quintile of the time‐varying average ADPQS with lowest quintiles. The 13‐year change in APDQS was associated with a lower subsequent risk of CVD, with a hazard ratio of 0.39 (95% CI, 0.19–0.81) comparing the extreme quintiles. Similarly, strong inverse associations were found for coronary heart disease and hypertension‐related CVD with either the time‐varying average or change APDQS. Conclusions Consumption of a plant‐centered, high‐quality diet starting in young adulthood is associated with a lower risk of CVD by middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota-Twin Cities St Paul MN
| | - Nicole Larson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis MN
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis MN
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis MN
| | - Daniel D Gallaher
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota-Twin Cities St Paul MN
| | - Daniel A Duprez
- Cardiovascular Division Department of Medicine University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis MN
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Jamal S Rana
- Divisions of Cardiology and Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland CA.,Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco CA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis MN
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14
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Leena MM, Silvia MG, Vinitha K, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Synergistic potential of nutraceuticals: mechanisms and prospects for futuristic medicine. Food Funct 2021; 11:9317-9337. [PMID: 33211054 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are valued for their therapeutic effects and numerous health benefits. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated their superior performances when co-delivered; the concept of synergism has been established for various bioactives. Apart from improvements in the bioavailability of partnering compounds, this approach can protect the radical scavenging potential and biological effects of individual compounds. In this review, the intricate mechanisms that promote synergistic effects when bioactive compounds are co-delivered are detailed. Importantly, a range of potential medical applications that have been established through such synergistic effects is presented, emphasizing recent developments in this field. Also, a section has been devoted to highlighting perspectives on co-encapsulation at the nanoscale for improved synergistic benefits. While prospects for the treatment of chronic diseases are well-demonstrated, several challenges and safety concerns remain, and these have been discussed, providing recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maria Leena
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India, Thanjavur - 613005, Tamil Nadu, India.
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15
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Zhang D, Liu X, Yang Z, Shi J, Zhao L, Battino M, Xiao J, Deng X, Wu Y, Wang C, Shi B, Zou X. Interactions between Phenols and Alkylamides of Sichuan Pepper ( Zanthoxylum Genus) in α-Glucosidase Inhibition: A Structural Mechanism Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5583-5598. [PMID: 33977724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The phenols and alkylamides in 26 varieties of Zanthoxylum pericarps (ZP) were comparatively identified, and the contribution of these key components to the inhibition of in vitro α-glucosidase (α-Glu) was confirmed using principal component analysis (PCA) and ingredient recombination models. Additionally, spectrophotometric assays, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular docking (MD) were employed to characterize the interactions among key components in ZP when exposed to α-Glu. Four phenols and hydroxy-α-sanshool (α-SOH), which were recognized as main ingredients, presented an antagonistic effect in the inhibition of α-Glu. 1H NMR demonstrated chemical shifts of certain hydrogens in the B phenolic ring and tetraenyl group, indicating a possible p-π conjugation between phenols and α-SOH. In addition, using MD analysis, the phenol-binding sites were observed to be negatively affected when α-SOH initially interacted with α-Glu. The combined results of the NMR and MD clarified the structural mechanism behind phenol/α-SOH antagonistic behavior in α-Glu inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.,Jiangsu Hengshun Group Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Xuhao Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhikun Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Food and Agriculture Standardization Institute, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Maurizio Battino
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyue Deng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanling Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bolin Shi
- Food and Agriculture Standardization Institute, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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16
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Dai J, Zhang Y, Chen D, Chen D, Li X, Wang J, Sun Y. Glabridin inhibits osteoarthritis development by protecting chondrocytes against oxidative stress, apoptosis and promoting mTOR mediated autophagy. Life Sci 2021; 268:118992. [PMID: 33417956 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative disease that affects the elderly. Thus far, no pharmacological therapy approved by regulators has shown a convincing effect on OA. Glabridin, a small molecule, is a well-known and powerful natural antioxidant, which has a strong scavenging effect on free radicals. This study attempted to explore the role and underlying mechanisms of Glabridin on OA both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, Glabridin was found to increase the expression levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) related genes, Collagen II, Aggrecan (ACAN), SRY-box 9 (SOX9) and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4). Moreover, Glabridin was observed to significantly reduce the level of oxidative stress in OA chondrocytes while effectively reducing the apoptosis of chondrocytes. Glabridin was also found to significantly increase the autophagy of human OA chondrocytes. During the in vivo study, intraarticular injection of Glabridin was observed to alleviate OA progression and protect chondrocytes against apoptosis following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in rats. Furthermore, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) mediated autophagy was identified as one of the potential mediators of Glabridin activity. Overall, Glabridin protects articular cartilage from damage in rats with OA by protecting chondrocytes against oxidative stress, apoptosis and promoting mTOR mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Dai
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China; Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Deng Chen
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Duoyun Chen
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Gholami F, Antonio J, Evans C, Cheraghi K, Rahmani L, Amirnezhad F. Tomato powder is more effective than lycopene to alleviate exercise-induced lipid peroxidation in well-trained male athletes: randomized, double-blinded cross-over study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:17. [PMID: 33639967 PMCID: PMC7912503 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Consumption of nutritional supplements to optimize recovery is gaining popularity among athletes. Tomatoes contain micronutrients and various bioactive components with antioxidant properties. Many of the health benefits of tomatoes have been attributed to lycopene encouraging athletes to consume pure lycopene supplements. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of tomato powder and lycopene supplement on lipid peroxidation induced by exhaustive exercise in well-trained male athletes. Methods Eleven well-trained male athletes participated in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study. Each subject underwent three exhaustive exercise tests after 1-week supplementation of tomato powder (each serving contained 30 mg lycopene, 5.38 mg beta-carotene, 22.32 mg phytoene, 9.84 mg phytofluene), manufactured lycopene supplement (30 mg lycopene), or placebo. Three blood samples (baseline, post-ingestion and post-exercise) were collected to assess total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) and variables of lipid peroxidation including malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-isoprostane. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures of ANOVA at P < 0.05. Results Tomato powder enhanced total antioxidant capacity (12% increase, P = 0.04). Exhaustive exercise, regardless of supplement/ placebo, elevated MDA and 8-isoprostane levels (P < 0.001). The elevation of 8–isoprostane following exhaustive exercise was lower in the tomato powder treatment compared to the placebo (9% versus 24%, p = 0.01). Furthermore, following exhaustive exercise MDA elevated to a lower extent in tomatoe powder treatment compared to the placebo (20% versus 51%, p = 0.009). However, such differences were not indicated between lycopene and placebo treatments (p > 0.05). Conclusion Beneficial effects of tomato powder on antioxidant capacity and exercise-induced lipid peroxidation may be brought about by a synergistic interaction of lycopene with other bioactive nutrients rather than single lycopene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Gholami
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Jose Antonio
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Cassandra Evans
- Department of Nutrition, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Khadijeh Cheraghi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran
| | - Leila Rahmani
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amirnezhad
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran
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18
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Liu R, Xu Y, Chang M, Tang L, Lu M, Liu R, Jin Q, Wang X. Antioxidant interaction of α-tocopherol, γ-oryzanol and phytosterol in rice bran oil. Food Chem 2020; 343:128431. [PMID: 33131960 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, purified rice bran oil (RBO) was used as a lipid matrix model to study the individual and binary antioxidant capacity of the minor constituents (α-tocopherol, γ-oryzanol and phytosterol) added at different concentrations and ratios. The results revealed that concentration influenced on the oxidation stability and scavenging capacity, while ratio mainly affected the type of interaction or the degree of synergism or antagonism. It was important to notice that the antioxidant capacity of α-tocopherol would decrease under high concentration. Besides, the inhibition of phytosterol on α-tocopherol and the formation of hydrogen bond between γ-oryzanol and phytosterol were speculated by the interactions of these minor constituents. This work helps to select efficient combinations for stabilizing the anti-oxidation of nutrient enriched RBO or provide suggestions for moderate retain of minor constituents in RBO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
| | - Ming Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
| | - Lin Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
| | - Mengyao Lu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China.
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu PR China
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19
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Wang Y, Liu S, Yang M, Taha AA, Wang J, Ma C. Interaction effects on a gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for antioxidant capacity evaluation of polyphenols. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14705-14713. [PMID: 35497138 PMCID: PMC9051923 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01861a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction effects of endogenous polyphenols remarkably influenced the performance of gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for antioxidant capacity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Mengnan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Ahmed Aboueloyoun Taha
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing
- PR China
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20
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Pronin D, Krishnakumar S, Rychlik M, Wu H, Huang D. Development of a Fluorescent Probe for Measurement of Singlet Oxygen Scavenging Activity of Flavonoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10726-10733. [PMID: 31469953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A turn-on fluorescent probe, HOCD-RB, for monitoring singlet oxygen (1O2) was developed by linking rhodamine B as fluorophore with dimethylhomoocoerdianthrone (HOCD) as 1O2 reaction site and fluorescence quencher due to the intramolecular energy transfer (ET) between rhodamine B and HOCD moieties. Upon exposure to 1O2 it rapidly forms endoperoxide with HOCD and turns on the fluorescence of rhodamine B by 18-fold. Taking advantage of the HOCD-RB probe that shows fast response, high sensitivity, and selectivity for 1O2, it is applied for imaging of endogenous 1O2 in living cells and the fluorometric assay for evaluating 1O2 quenching activity of selected common flavonoids found in our daily diets. The results show that the 1O2 scavenging activity of flavonoids depends on not only the structure of individual flavonoid but also the competitive interactions between mixed flavonoids. The best antioxidant capacity for individual and mixed flavonoids is epigallocatechin gallate and the mixture of catechin gallate with kaempferol, respectively. Overall, this work provided a new tool for detection and imaging of singlet oxygen activity in a biological system as well as an efficient fluorometric assay of 1O2 scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Pronin
- Analytical Food Chemistry , Technical University of Munich , Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Saarangan Krishnakumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 , Republic of Singapore
| | - Michael Rychlik
- Analytical Food Chemistry , Technical University of Munich , Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2 , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Haixia Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Food Science and Technology , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 , Republic of Singapore
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 , Republic of Singapore
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21
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Mushtaq Z, Tahir Nadeem M, Arshad MU, Saeed F, Ahmed MH, Bader Ul Ain H, Javed A, Anjum FM, Hussain S. Exploring the biochemical and antioxidant potential of ginger (Adric) and turmeric (Haldi). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1666138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Mushtaq
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | - Muhammad Tahir Nadeem
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | - Muhammad Umair Arshad
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | - Muhammad Haseeb Ahmed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | - Huma Bader Ul Ain
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | - Ahsan Javed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistande
| | | | - Shahzad Hussain
- College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Asemani Y, Zamani N, Bayat M, Amirghofran Z. Allium vegetables for possible future of cancer treatment. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3019-3039. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Asemani
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Nasrindokht Zamani
- Research Center for Persian Medicine and History MedicineShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Maryam Bayat
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research CenterShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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23
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Storniolo CE, Sacanella I, Mitjavila MT, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Moreno JJ. Bioactive Compounds of Cooked Tomato Sauce Modulate Oxidative Stress and Arachidonic Acid Cascade Induced by Oxidized LDL in Macrophage Cultures. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1880. [PMID: 31412595 PMCID: PMC6722768 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sofrito is a mix of tomato, onion, garlic, and olive oil, which contains phenolic compounds and carotenoids. Consumption of tomato-based sofrito has been related to a lower risk of cardiovascular events, but the mechanisms behind such beneficial effects remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the effects of representative sofrito compounds such as naringenin, hydroxytyrosol, lycopene, and β-carotene on mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We demonstrated that both phenolic compounds and both carotenoids studied were able to inhibit low density lipoproteins (LDL) oxidation, as well as oxidative stress and eicosanoid production induced by oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in macrophage cultures. These effects were not the consequences of disturbing oxLDL uptake by macrophages. Finally, we observed an additive effect of these sofrito compounds, as well as the activity of a main naringenin metabolite, naringenin 7-O-β-d-glucuronide on LDL oxidation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Storniolo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sacanella
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María T Mitjavila
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Farooq S, Sehgal A. Scrutinizing antioxidant interactions between green tea and some medicinal plants commonly used as herbal teas. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12984. [PMID: 31489661 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Meta-analysis reports suggested that green tea (GT) consumption is associated with mild to moderate effects on major global killers. To enhance the health promoting potential of GT, one of the strategies is to combine it with traditionally used medicinal plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus, and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis). The aim of this investigation was to evaluate and compare the possible synergistic antioxidant interaction of binary combinations of GT with medicinal plants. Overall, GT and O. gratissimum combination showed the highest antioxidant potential and strongest synergistic interaction at EC50 . A strong correlation was found between antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, NO, and hemolysis) and total phenolic content (TPC) (except lipid peroxidation) for individual infusions, but very weak correlation was observed for GT combinations. Whereas, for both individual and binary aqueous infusions, moderate to strong correlation was observed between antioxidant parameters and FTIR-selected peak (3250-3290 cm-1 ) omitting lipid peroxidation for single infusions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The combination of GT with certain medicinal plants used as herbal teas can demonstrate synergistic interactions that may boost the health promoting potential of GT. This study provides basis for future designing and formulation of beverages containing GT combinations based on their antioxidant interactions that can potentially enhance the efficacy of GT as a chemopreventive agent. It may also promote the consumption of GT combinations that may help in realizing untapped potential of underutilized plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Farooq
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Amit Sehgal
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad R, Sharopov F, Namiesnik J, Roointan A, Kamle M, Kumar P, Martins N, Sharifi-Rad J. Beneficial effects and potential risks of tomato consumption for human health: An overview. Nutrition 2019; 62:201-208. [PMID: 30925445 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tomato and its derived products have a very interesting nutritional value in addition to prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Tomatoes are generally quite safe to eat. However, overall consumption varies from individual to individual. Indeed, either beneficial or harmful effects of plants or their derived products are closely related to quality, including the presence of biologically active compounds. On the other hand, the synthesis and accumulation of these bioactive molecules depends on many other factors, such as environmental conditions. In this sense, this review briefly highlights the relationship between the chemistry of tomato and its derived products and their beneficial or harmful effects on human health, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease or heartburn, allergies, kidney and cardiovascular disorders, prostate cancer, irritable bowel syndrome, lycopenodermia, body aches, arthritis, and urinary problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Razieh Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Jacek Namiesnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Amir Roointan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Madhu Kamle
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Effects of Dietary Lycopene or Tomato Paste on Laying Performance and Serum Lipids in Laying Hens and on Malondialdehyde Content in Egg Yolk upon Storage. J Poult Sci 2019; 56:52-57. [PMID: 32055196 PMCID: PMC6993882 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0170118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary, synthetic lycopene or tomato paste on laying performance and egg qualities in laying hens, and on lipid oxidation of stored eggs. One hundred and sixty 38-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were randomly housed in cages (two birds per cage, five cages per replicate) equipped with nipples and a trough-type feeder and subjected to one of four experimental diets. Each treatment had four replicates. A corn and soybean meal base diet was added with or without either synthetic lycopene to contain 10 or 20 mg per kg of diet, or with 17 g of tomato paste per kg of diet. The feeding trial lasted four weeks. Feed intake did not differ between dietary treatments. Laying hens fed diets containing lycopene or tomato paste laid lighter eggs (P<0.05) compared with those fed on the control diet. Egg production was higher (P<0.05) in tomato paste-fed layers, but lower (P<0.05) in those fed on a diet containing 20 mg/kg of lycopene compared with the control diet-fed counterparts. Dietary lycopene did not affect egg quality, except for yolk color, nor did serum lipid profiles. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum samples and eggs that had been stored at 24°C for four weeks was reduced (P<0.05) by lycopene or tomato paste. Adding lycopene or tomato paste into a diet of laying hens increased the incorporation of lycopene into the liver and egg yolk. Collectively, the present study shows that addition of low levels of lycopene or tomato paste into the layers' diet is an effective nutritional strategy to enhance oxidative stability of fresh eggs.
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Tomato lycopene prevention of alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma development. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2018; 4:211-224. [PMID: 30603740 PMCID: PMC6308920 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in the United States, and chronic, excessive alcohol consumption is responsible for 32%–45% of all the liver cancer cases in the United States. Avoidance of chronic or excessive alcohol intake is the best protection against alcohol-related liver injury; however, the social presence and addictive power of alcohol are strong. Induction of the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme by chronic and excessive alcohol intake is known to play a role in the pathogenesis of ALD. High intake of tomatoes, rich in the carotenoid lycopene, is associated with a decreased risk of chronic disease. The review will overview the prevention of ALD and HCC through dietary tomato rich in lycopene as an effective intervention strategy and the crucial role of CYP2E1 induction as a molecular target. The review also indicates a need for caution among individuals consuming both alcohol and high dose lycopene as a dietary supplement.
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Kiokias S, Proestos C, Oreopoulou V. Effect of Natural Food Antioxidants against LDL and DNA Oxidative Changes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7100133. [PMID: 30282925 PMCID: PMC6211048 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical oxygen species formed in human tissue cells by many endogenous and exogenous pathways cause extensive oxidative damage which has been linked to various human diseases. This review paper provides an overview of lipid peroxidation and focuses on the free radicals-initiated processes of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidative modification and DNA oxidative damage, which are widely associated with the initiation and development of atherosclerosis and carcinogenesis, respectively. The article subsequently provides an overview of the recent human trials or even in vitro investigations on the potential of natural antioxidant compounds (such as carotenoids; vitamins C and E) to monitor LDL and DNA oxidative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece.
| | - Vassilki Oreopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iron Politechniou 9, 15780 Athens, Greece.
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Effect of Different Anthocyanidin Glucosides on Lutein Uptake by Caco-2 Cells, and Their Combined Activities on Anti-Oxidation and Anti-Inflammation In Vitro and Ex Vivo. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082035. [PMID: 30110956 PMCID: PMC6222837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactive effects on anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation of lutein combined with each of the six common anthocyanidin glucosides were studied in both chemical and cellular systems. The combined phytochemicals showed an antagonism in the inhibition of lipid oxidation in a liposomal membrane, but showed an additive effect on cellular antioxidant activity in Caco-2 cells. Lutein was an active lipoxygenase inhibitor at 2–12 μM while anthocyanins were inactive. The concentration of lutein when it was used in combination with anthocyanins was 25–54% higher than when lutein was used alone (i.e., IC50 = 1.2 μM) to induce 50% of lipoxygenase inhibition. Only the combination of lutein with malvidin-3-glucoside showed anti-inflammatory synergy in the suppression of interleukin-8, and the synergy was seen at all three ratios tested. Some mixtures, however, showed anti-inflammatory antagonism. The presence of anthocyanins (5–7.5 μM) did not affect lutein uptake (2.5–5 μM) by Caco-2 cells.
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Nagar S, Hensel A, Mischnick P, Kumar V. A unique polysaccharide containing 3- O -methylarabinose and 3- O -methylgalactose from Tinospora sinensis. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 193:326-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Daramola B. Preliminary investigation on antioxidant interactions between bioactive components of Solanum anguivi and Capsicum annuum. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:3827-3832. [PMID: 30150843 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of antioxidative interaction between two fruits of contra-similar characteristics belonging to same botanical family Solanacea namely S. anguivi and Capsicum annuum was accomplished in this study. The relative reducing power (RRP) and radical scavenging activity (RSA) of the mixture (11:0, 10:1, 5:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:5,1:10, 0:11) with antioxidant interaction range of 0.6958-2.4244 and 0.724-1.648 was obtained for RRP and RSA respectively for acetone-hexane derived extract. Similarly antioxidant interaction range from 1.045-1.486 to 1.0969-1.3166 was obtained for RRP and RSA respectively for ethanolic extract samples.This study demonstrated enhanced activity of S. anguivi and C. annuum when used as a mixture in comparison to when used alone. These results suggested that application of S. anguivi and C. annuum as mixture decreased intensity of undesirable sensory properties of high intensity bitterness and hot pungency associated with S. anguivi and C. annuum respectively without the use of taste masking agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Daramola
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Polytechnic, PMB 5351, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria
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Phan MAT, Bucknall M, Arcot J. Interactive effects of β-carotene and anthocyanins on cellular uptake, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and ex vivo. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Impact of wall material physicochemical characteristics on the stability of encapsulated phytochemicals: A review. Food Res Int 2018; 107:227-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Revoltella S, Baraldo G, Waltenberger B, Schwaiger S, Kofler P, Moesslacher J, Huber-Seidel A, Pagitz K, Kohl R, Jansen-Duerr P, Stuppner H. Identification of the NADPH Oxidase 4 Inhibiting Principle of Lycopus europaeus. Molecules 2018; 23:E653. [PMID: 29538284 PMCID: PMC6017630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) has recently been implicated as driving force in cellular senescence. Thus, there is growing interest to develop Nox4 inhibitors, which might be valuable agents for cosmeceutical applications. Alpine plants represent a valuable source for the identification of novel bioactive natural products with anti-ageing effects, especially substances that protect plants against UV radiation, which is also known to contribute to the ageing of human skin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify novel Nox4 inhibitors from alpine plants. Within an initial screening of extracts of alpine plants on their ability to inhibit Nox4 activity in HEK cells, the methanolic extract of the subaerial parts of Lycopus europaeus showed a strong inhibition of Nox4 (81% chemiluminescence quenching) and a simultaneously high cell viability (91% vitality). Rosmarinic acid was isolated and identified as the major compound in this bioactive extract. It showed a dose dependent inhibitory activity on Nox4 with an IC50 of 1 µM. Moreover, it also showed a significant inhibitory activity on Nox2 in the low micromolar range, whereas no inhibition of Nox5 was detected. Further investigations confirmed that the observed effects of rosmarinic acid on Nox2 and Nox4 are real inhibitory activities, and not due to ROS scavenging effects. Therefore, L. europaeus, which we demonstrated to be a good source of rosmarinic acid, has great potential for usage in cosmeceutical products with anti-ageing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Revoltella
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Giorgia Baraldo
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Philipp Kofler
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | | | - Konrad Pagitz
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Roland Kohl
- Cura Marketing GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Pidder Jansen-Duerr
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Darwish WS, Ikenaka Y, Nakayama S, Mizukawa H, Thompson LA, Ishizuka M. β-carotene and retinol reduce benzo[a]pyrene-induced mutagenicity and oxidative stress via transcriptional modulation of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in human HepG2 cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:6320-6328. [PMID: 29247416 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which is formed due to smoking of foods, incomplete combustion of woods, vehicle exhausts, and cigarettes smokes. B[a]P gets entry into human and animal bodies mainly through their diets. Metabolic activation of B[a]P is required to induce mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in animal and human studies. Carotenoids and retinoids are phytochemicals that if ingested have multiple physiological interferences in the human and animal bodies. In this study, we firstly investigated the protective effects of β-carotene, β-apo-8-carotenal, retinol, and retinoic acid against B[a]P-induced mutagenicity and oxidative stress in human HepG2 cells. Secondly, we tested the hypothesis of modulating xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) by carotenoids and retinoids as a possible mechanism of protection by these micronutrients against B[a]P adverse effects. The obtained results declared that β-carotene and retinol significantly reduced B[a]P-induced mutagenicity and oxidative stress. Tested carotenoids and retinoids reduced B[a]P-induced phase I XMEs and induced B[a]P reduced phase II and III XMEs. Thus, the protective effects of these micronutrients are probably due to their ability of induction of phase II and III enzymes and interference with the induction of phase I enzymes by the promutagen, B[a]P. It is highly recommended to consume foods rich in these micronutrients in the areas of high PAH pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44510, Egypt
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Shouta Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hazuki Mizukawa
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Lesa A Thompson
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.
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Yu L, Wang W, Pang W, Xiao Z, Jiang Y, Hong Y. Dietary Lycopene Supplementation Improves Cognitive Performances in Tau Transgenic Mice Expressing P301L Mutation via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Tau Hyperphosphorylation. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 57:475-482. [PMID: 28269786 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies and participates in their development by promoting hyperphosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau. Lycopene, as an effective antioxidant, combined with vitamin E seemed to be additive against oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to examine whether lycopene or lycopene/vitamin E could exert protective effects on memory deficit and oxidative stress in tau transgenic mice expressing P301L mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS P301L transgenic mice were assigned to three groups: P301L group (P301L), P301L+lycopene (Lyc), and P301L+lycopene/vitamin E (Lyc+VE). Age-matched C57BL/6J mice as wild type controls (Con) were used in the present study. Spatial memory was assessed by radial arm while passive memories were evaluated by step-down and step-through tests. Levels of tau phosphorylation were detected by western blot. Oxidative stress biomarkers were measured in the serum using biochemical assay kits. RESULTS Compared with the control group, P301L mice displayed significant spatial and passive memory impairments, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in serum, and increased tau phosphorylation at Thr231/Ser235, Ser262, and Ser396 in brain. Supplementations of lycopene or lycopene/vitamin E could significantly ameliorate the memory deficits, observably decreased MDA concentrations and increased GSH-Px activities, and markedly attenuated tau hyperphosphorylation at multiple AD-related sites. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that the combination of lycopene and vitamin E antioxidants acted in a synergistic fashion to bring significant effects against oxidative stress in tauopathies.
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Achour M, Mateos R, Ben Fredj M, Mtiraoui A, Bravo L, Saguem S. A Comprehensive Characterisation of Rosemary tea Obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis L. Collected in a sub-Humid Area of Tunisia. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:87-100. [PMID: 28895237 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is an aromatic plant common in Tunisia and it is widely consumed as a tea in traditional cuisine and in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. Currently, most research efforts have been focused on rosemary essential oil, alcoholic and aqueous extracts, however, little is reported on rosemary infusion composition. OBJECTIVE To investigate compounds present in rosemary tea obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis L. collected in a sub-humid area of Tunisia in order to assess whether the traditional rosemary tea preparation method could be considered as a reference method for rosemary's compounds extraction. METHODOLOGY Qualitative characterisation of Rosmarinus officinalis tea obtained after rosemary infusion in boiled water was determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). Quantitative analysis relies on high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). RESULTS Forty-nine compounds belonging to six families, namely flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenolic terpenes, jasmonate, phenolic glycosides, and lignans were identified. To the best of the authors' knowledge eucommin A is characterised for the first time in rosemary. Rosmarinic acid (158.13 μg/g dried rosemary) was the main compound followed then by feruloylnepitrin (100.87 μg/g) and luteolin-3'-O-(2″-O-acetyl)-β-d-glucuronide (44.04 μg/g). Among quantified compounds, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside was the compound with the lowest concentration. CONCLUSION The infusion method allows several polyphenols present in rosemary tea to be extracted, therefore it could be a reference method for rosemary's compounds extraction. Moreover, traditional Tunisian Rosmarinus officinalis tea consumption is of interest for its rich phenolic content. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Achour
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics, Professional and Applied Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Raquel Mateos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maha Ben Fredj
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics, Professional and Applied Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ali Mtiraoui
- Research laboratory 'LR12ES03', Department of Family and Community Medicine , Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Laura Bravo
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Saad Saguem
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics, Professional and Applied Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
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Encapsulation of lycopene with lecithin and α-tocopherol by supercritical antisolvent process for stability enhancement. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Winklhofer-Roob BM, Faustmann G, Roob JM. Low-density lipoprotein oxidation biomarkers in human health and disease and effects of bioactive compounds. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:38-86. [PMID: 28456641 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Based on the significance of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in health and disease, this review focuses on human studies addressing oxidation of LDL, including three lines of biomarkers, (i) ex vivo LDL resistance to oxidation, a "challenge test" model, (ii) circulating oxidized LDL, indicating the "current in vivo status", and (iii) autoantibodies against oxidized LDL as fingerprints of an immune response to oxidized LDL, along with circulating oxysterols and 4-hydroxynonenal as biomarkers of lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation and oxidized LDL are hallmarks in the development of various metabolic, cardiovascular and other diseases. Changes further occur across life stages from infancy to older age as well as in athletes and smokers. Given their responsiveness to targeted nutritional interventions, markers of LDL oxidation have been employed in a rapidly growing number of human studies for more than 2 decades. There is growing interest in foods, which, besides providing energy and nutrients, exert beneficial effects on human health, such as protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage. Any health claim, however, needs to be substantiated by supportive evidence derived from human studies, using reliable biomarkers to demonstrate such beneficial effects. A large body of evidence has accumulated, demonstrating protection of LDL from oxidation by bioactive food compounds, including vitamins, other micronutrients and secondary plant ingredients, which will facilitate the selection of oxidation biomarkers for future human intervention studies and health claim support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte M Winklhofer-Roob
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Gernot Faustmann
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Austria; Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes M Roob
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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Phan MAT, Paterson J, Bucknall M, Arcot J. Interactions between phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables: Effects on bioactivities and bioavailability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1310-1329. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1254595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Anh Thu Phan
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janet Paterson
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Bucknall
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jayashree Arcot
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Han J, Wang D, Ye L, Li P, Hao W, Chen X, Ma J, Wang B, Shang J, Li D, Zheng Q. Rosmarinic Acid Protects against Inflammation and Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis during Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:456. [PMID: 28744220 PMCID: PMC5504166 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury greatly influences the therapeutic effect and remains an urgent challenge in clinical therapy. Polypharmacology opens a new therapeutic opportunity to design drugs with a specific target for improving the efficacy. In this study, we first forecasted that Rosmarinic acid (RosA) could be used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease using text mining, chemometric and chemogenomic methods. Consistent with the effect of the positive drug (pioglitazone, PIO), we subsequently validated that RosA pretreatment could restore the decreased cardiac hemodynamic parameters (LVDP, ± dp/dtmin, ± dp/dtmax and CF), decreased the infarct size and the cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a rat model of cardiac I/R injury. Furthermore, RosA pre-treatment inhibited the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and CRP), up-regulated PPARγ expression and down-regulated NF-κB expression in myocardial tissue isolated from the rat model of I/R-induced myocardial injury. In addition, the effects of RosA were reversed by co-treatment with PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662 and T0070907, respectively. These data suggest that RosA attenuates cardiac injury through activating PPARγ and down-regulating NF-κB-mediated signaling pathway, which inhibiting inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a rat model of cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Han
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Lei Ye
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Arts and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu, China
| | - Wenjin Hao
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Defang Li
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai, China.,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, China
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42
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Interactions between the major bioactive polyphenols of berries: effects on antioxidant properties. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2948-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Imran M, Nadeem M, Saeed F, Imran A, Khan MR, Khan MA, Ahmed S, Rauf A. Immunomodulatory perspectives of potential biological spices with special reference to cancer and diabetes. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2016.1259293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Imperial College of Business Studies, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Khan
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Sub-campus, Burewala/Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Sheraz Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Ambar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Assis RP, Arcaro CA, Gutierres VO, Oliveira JO, Costa PI, Baviera AM, Brunetti IL. Combined Effects of Curcumin and Lycopene or Bixin in Yoghurt on Inhibition of LDL Oxidation and Increases in HDL and Paraoxonase Levels in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E332. [PMID: 28333071 PMCID: PMC5412263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy using natural antioxidants to manage diabetes mellitus and its complications is an emerging trend. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes promoted by treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats with yoghurt enriched with the bioactives curcumin, lycopene, or bixin (the latter two being carotenoids). Antioxidants were administered individually, or as mixtures, and biomarkers of metabolic and oxidative disturbances, particularly those associated with cardiovascular risk, were assessed. Treatment of STZ-diabetic rats with natural products individually decreased glycemia, triacylglycerol, total-cholesterol, oxidative stress biomarkers, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Individual carotenoids increased both high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and paraoxonase levels, whereas curcumin increased only paraoxonase. Treatments with mixtures of curcumin and lycopene or bixin had combined effects, decreasing biomarkers of carbohydrate and lipid disturbances (curcumin effect), increasing the HDL levels (carotenoids effects) and mitigating oxidative stress (curcumin and carotenoids effects). The combined effects also led to prevention of the LDL oxidation, thereby mitigating the cardiovascular risk in diabetes. These findings provide evidence for the beneficial effect of curcumin and carotenoid mixtures as a supplementation having antioxidant and antiatherogenic potentials, thus appearing as an interesting strategy to be studied as a complementary therapy for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alberto Arcaro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Vânia Ortega Gutierres
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Oriel Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Inácio Costa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
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Sovrlić MM, Manojlović NT. Plants from The Genus Daphne: A Review of its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological and Pharmacological Activity. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/sjecr-2016-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Plants have an important role in maintaining people’s health and improving the quality of human life. They are an important component of people’s diet, but they are also used in other spheres of human life as a therapeutic resources, ingredients of cosmetic products, paints and others. The Daphne genus belongs to family Thymeleaceae which includes 44 families with approximately 500 herbal species. The plant species of the genus Daphne are used in the traditional medicine in China and tropical part of Africa for the treatment of various conditions. Previous studies showed significant biological potential of these species as a source of pharmacologically active compounds. This indicates that this genus possess a broad spectrum of biological activity including antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, anti-ulcerogenic, abortive, hypocholesterolemic and hemostatic effects. Additionally, Daphne plants are the source of valuable bioactive phytochemicals such as coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, steroids and different classes of terpenes. Different parts of the Daphne plants contain specific bioactive metabolites and can represent a source of new, natural, pharmacologically active compounds, which may potentially be used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav M. Sovrlić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovicá, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Deplanque X, Muscente-Paque D, Chappuis E. Proprietary tomato extract improves metabolic response to high-fat meal in healthy normal weight subjects. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:32537. [PMID: 27707453 PMCID: PMC5052516 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.32537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Lycopene and tomato-based products have been described as potent inhibitors of LDL oxidation. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of a 2-week supplementation with a carotenoid-rich tomato extract (CRTE) standardized for a 1:1 ratio of lycopene and phytosterols, on post-prandial LDL oxidation after a high-fat meal. DESIGN In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-groups, placebo-controlled study, 146 healthy normal weight individuals were randomly assigned to a daily dose of CRTE standardized for tomato phytonutrients or placebo during 2 weeks. Oxidized LDL (OxLDL), glucose, insulin, and triglyceride (TG) responses were measured for 8 h after ingestion of a high-fat meal before and at the end of intervention. RESULTS Plasma lycopene, phytofluene, and phytoene were increased throughout the study period in the CRTE group compared to placebo. CRTE ingestion significantly improved changes in OxLDL response to high-fat meal compared to placebo after 2 weeks (p<0.0001). Changes observed in glucose, insulin, and TG responses were not statistically significant after 2 weeks of supplementation, although together they may suggest a trend of favorable effect on metabolic outcomes after a high-fat meal. CONCLUSIONS Two-week supplementation with CRTE increased carotenoids levels in plasma and improved oxidized LDL response to a high-fat meal in healthy normal weight individuals.
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El-Naggar SA, Abdel-Farid IB, Germoush MO, Elgebaly HA, Alm-Eldeen AA. Efficacy of Rosmarinus officinalis leaves extract against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2007-2016. [PMID: 26828825 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1137954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is used to treat different cancer types, although it causes severe hepatotoxicity due to its oxidative stress effect. Rosmarinus officinalis, L. (Lamiaceae) has a therapeutic potential against hepatotoxicity due to its antioxidant activity. Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the phytochemical analysis of the methanol extract of Rosmarinus officianalis leaves (MEROL) and its efficacy against CTX-induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and methods The phytochemical analyses were assessed spectrophotometericaly. To assess the MEROL efficacy, 72 Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups. Group 1 was control, groups 2 and 3 included mice which were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 100 or 200 mg/kg of MEROL at days 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 and 16; group 4 was injected (i.p.) with CTX (200 mg/kg) at day 17, groups 5 and 6 were injected (i.p.) with MEROL as groups 3 and 4 followed by 200 mg/kg CTX at day 17, respectively. At day 22, six mice from each group were sacrificed and the others were sacrificed at day 37. Results MEROL has a high content of total phenolics, saponins, total antioxidant capacity and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The median lethal dose (LD50) value of MEROL was 4.125 g/kg b.w. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value for DPPH radical scavenging was 55 μg/mL. Pretreatment with 100 mg/kg MEROL for 16 d ameliorated CTX-induced hepatotoxicity represented in lowering the levels of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lipid profile and minimizing the histological damage. Conclusions Pretreatment with 100 mg/kg b.w. MEROL mitigated CTX-induced hepatotoxicity due to its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry A El-Naggar
- a Department of Biology, College of Science , Aljouf University , Sakaka , Saudi Arabia
- b Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Ibrahim B Abdel-Farid
- a Department of Biology, College of Science , Aljouf University , Sakaka , Saudi Arabia
- c Department of Botany, Faculty of Science , Aswan University , Aswan , Egypt
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- a Department of Biology, College of Science , Aljouf University , Sakaka , Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Elgebaly
- a Department of Biology, College of Science , Aljouf University , Sakaka , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Alm-Eldeen
- b Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
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Bahri S, Jameleddine S, Shlyonsky V. Relevance of carnosic acid to the treatment of several health disorders: Molecular targets and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:569-582. [PMID: 27694001 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid is a phenolic diterperne compound found in abundance in sage and rosemary, which are both widely used in traditional medicine. Research over the past decade indicates that carnosic acid has multiple bioactive properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities among others. This review summarizes the current in vitro and in vivo data about the efficacy of carnosic acid in the prevention or treatment of various experimental health disorders. The analysis of the literature allows an insight into the participation of numerous signaling pathways modulated by carnosic acid, into its synergistic potential and, thus, into the divergence in cellular mechanisms of action of this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Bahri
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Physiopathology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Saloua Jameleddine
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Vadim Shlyonsky
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Sánchez-Escalante A, Torrescano G, Djenane D, Beltrán JA, Roncalés P. Combined Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Addition of Lycopene Rich Tomato Pulp, Oregano and Ascorbic Acid and Their Mixtures on the Stability of Beef Patties. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013203009002002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Beef patties were treated with ascorbic acid, oregano extract, lycopene rich tomato pulp (LRTP) and their mixtures, packaged in modified atmosphere and stored at 2°C. Lipid oxidation (TBARS formation), metmyoglobin formation, psychrotrophic bacterial counts and sensory odour and discolouration were analyzed throughout 20 days of storage. TBA values of beef patties containing oregano were the lowest ( p < 0.05); those containing ascorbic acid and LRTP alone were also significantly lower ( p < 0.05) than the control. The formation of surface metmyoglobin was significantly delayed ( p < 0.05) by the addition of oregano alone and its mixtures with ascorbic acid and/or LRTP. Psychrotrophic bacterial counts were significantly lower ( p < 0.05) in patties treated with 500 ppm oregano. Sensory colour and odour characteristics of beef patties were in agreement with the results of lipid and pigment oxidation. The antioxidant ability of oregano was dependent on the concentration; the presence of 500 ppm extended the shelf life of beef patties by about 8 days. LRTP alone exerted a limited antioxidant effect, while its combination with oregano resulted in a reduction of the antioxidative effect of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sánchez-Escalante
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico (currently at University of Zaragoza)
| | - G. Torrescano
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico (currently at University of Zaragoza)
| | - D. Djenane
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Laboratory of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. A. Beltrán
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Laboratory of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P. Roncalés
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Laboratory of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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Lee KW, Choo WD, Kang CW, An BK. Effect of lycopene on the copper-induced oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in broiler chickens. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:389. [PMID: 27047715 PMCID: PMC4816939 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate whether dietary lycopene (LP) could prevent the copper-mediated oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL), and affect growth performance, relative organ weights, plasma and meat lipid profiles, and LP contents in plasma and tissues in broiler chickens. A total of 160 day-old male broiler chicks were randomly allotted into 16 pens with rice husk as a bedding material. Each experiment had 4 replicates, 10 chicks per replicate (n = 4 per treatment). A corn-soybean meal base diet was used as a control diet (CONT). To formulate the experimental diets, the base diet was added with LP at the levels of 10 (LP10) or 20 mg/kg (LP20), or 17 g/kg of tomato paste (TP17) which was equivalent to 5 ppm of LP. The experiment lasted 4 weeks. Growth performance and relative organ weights were not affected (p > 0.05) by any of dietary treatments. Dietary LP significantly lowered (p < 0.05) triglyceride and LDL cholesterol at 2 weeks of age, but did not affect them at 4 weeks of age. Total cholesterol in thigh meats was not altered by dietary treatments. LP was not detected in leg meats in all chicks, nor in liver or plasma of the CONT group. LP was found in liver and plasma, being the former greater in the concentration, of the chicks fed diets containing LP10, LP20, or TP17. At 2 and 4 weeks, the copper-mediated oxidation of LDL was delayed (p < 0.05) in either LP- or TP-fed chickens compared with the CONT group. In conclusion, LP lowers triglyceride and LDL cholesterol, is deposited into serum and liver, and prevents the LDL oxidation in broiler chickens, confirming the role of LP in the lipid-lowering and antioxidant properties in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701 South Korea
| | - Won-Don Choo
- Laboratory of Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701 South Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- Laboratory of Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701 South Korea
| | - Byoung-Ki An
- Laboratory of Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701 South Korea
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