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Kee Jang D, Kyu Lee J, Yung Jung C, Ho Kim K, Ra Kang H, Sun Lee Y, Hwa Yoon J, Ro Joo K, Kyu Chae M, Hyeon Baek Y, Seo BK, Hyub Lee S, Lim C. Electroacupuncture for abdominal pain relief in patients with acute pancreatitis: A three-arm randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 21:537-542. [PMID: 37973472 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroacupuncture (EA) may reduce the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) and provide additional pain relief in patients with chronic pancreatitis. However, the ability of EA to relieve pain in patients with AP has not been well documented. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to compare the pain-relieving effects of EA and conventional treatment in patients with AP. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS This study was conducted using a randomized, controlled, three-arm, parallel-group and multi-center design. Patients diagnosed with AP were randomly and equally assigned to EA1, EA2 or control groups. All participants received conventional standard-of-care therapy for AP. Local EA alone was administered in EA1, and local plus distal EA was given in EA2. Local EA included two abdominal acupoints, while distal EA included twelve peripheral acupoints. EA groups underwent one session of EA daily for 4 days (days 1-4), or until pain was resolved or discharged. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was the change in the visual analogue scale (VAS; 0-100) pain score between baseline and day 5. RESULTS Eighty-nine participants were randomized into EA1, EA2 and control groups, and 88 (EA1, 30; EA2, 29; control, 29) were included in the full-analysis set. VAS score change (median [interquartile range]) on day 5 was (12.3 ± 22.5) in the EA1 group, (10.3 ± 21.5) in the EA2 group, and (8.9 ± 15.2) in the control group. There were not significant differences in the change in VAS score among treatments (P = 0.983). However, time to food intake was significantly shorter in the EA group (EA1 + EA2) than in the control group (median 2.0 days vs 3.0 days), with a hazard ratio of 0.581 (P = 0.022; 95% CI, 0.366-0.924). No significant adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION EA treatment did not significantly reduce pain after 4 days of treatment in patients with AP-associated abdominal pain but significantly reduced time to first food intake. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03173222. Please cite this article as: Jang DK, Lee JK, Jung CY, Kim KH, Kang HR, Lee YS, Yoon JH, Joo KR, Chae MK, Baek YH, Seo BK, Lee SH, Lim C. Electroacupuncture for abdominal pain relief in patients with acute pancreatitis: A three-arm randomized controlled trial. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(6): 537-542.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kee Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chan Yung Jung
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Hospital, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Hospital, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ra Kang
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sun Lee
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Yoon
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38067, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ro Joo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Chae
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyeon Baek
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Seo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiyeon Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
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Yu X, Kong Q. Potential value of neuroimmunotherapy for COVID-19: efficacies and mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation, electroacupuncture, and cholinergic drugs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197467. [PMID: 37475861 PMCID: PMC10355152 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is an inflammatory disease with multiple organs involved, mainly respiratory symptoms. Although the majority of patients with COVID-19 present with a mild to moderate self-limited course of illness, about 5-10% of patients with inflammatory disorders in severe COVID-19 have life-threatening progression. With the exception of a few drugs that have shown outstanding anti-COVID-19 effects, the efficacy of most drugs remains controversial. An increasing number of animal and clinical studies have shown that neuromodulation has a significant effect on reducing inflammatory markers of COVID-19, thus exerting an effective neuroimmunotherapeutic value. Currently, the main neuroimmunomodulatory measures effective against COVID-19 include vagus nerve stimulation, electroacupuncture, and cholinergic drugs. In this review, we will summarize the research progress of potential value of this neuroimmunotherapy measures for COVID-19 and elaborate its efficacies and mechanisms, in order to provide reliable evidence for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Yu
- Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Heart center, Qingdao, China
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Cardiology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qingming Kong
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang province, Key Laboratory of Bio-tech Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Yu X, Wang Y. Electroacupuncture in Regulating Gastrointestinal Symptoms of COVID-19: A Mini-review. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:1163-1165. [PMID: 37194937 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230516164527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nearly three years into the COVID-19 pandemic, there is still no effective treatment. In the meantime, more and more evidence indicate that gastrointestinal symptoms are important manifestations of COVID-19. Therefore, the involvement of multiple system symptoms brings a lot of burden and harm to patients. To our knowledge, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a remarkable effect on improving gastrointestinal function. In particular, a considerable number of clinical practices during the pandemic have demonstrated the significant value of electroacupuncture (EA) in regulating the gastrointestinal function of COVID-19. In summary, EA can regulate the gastrointestinal function of COVID-19. As more is learned about EA, its potential value in COVID-19 deserves further consideration. In this review, we will elucidate the potential efficacy and mechanism of EA in the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Yu
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
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Ying J, Xiao R, Xu L, Yan M. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Opioid-Induced Constipation in Palliative Care: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:5383821. [PMID: 37123082 PMCID: PMC10132909 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5383821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) has become increasingly prevalent with the rise of prescription opioid use, particularly in patients with advanced illnesses. Existing literature suggests that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could be applied to treat cancer pain and reduce OIC incidence. However, there need to be more systematic review studies on the effectiveness of TENS in treating OIC. Objective In order to fill the gap of TENS in treating OIC in current knowledge, we have conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Methods The comprehensive computer retrieval PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical (CBM), and Wanfang Database were used to collect literature for relevant studies of TENS treatment of OIC, in accordance with the standard of literature filtering, data extraction, and quality evaluation. The data were meta-analysed using ReviewManager 5.3 software recommended by Cochrane. Results A total of 180 pieces of literature were yielded through original search. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 9 articles were included in this study. Our analysis of seven studies has revealed that TENS (28.18%) significantly reduces the incidence rate of OIC compared to control (52.45%) (I 2 = 57%, P=0.03; OR = 0.66 (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.82), Z = 3.70, P < 0.01). The results of two studies indicated that TENS significantly improved the quality of life compared to the control group (i.e., treatment-as-usual only) (I 2 = 80%, P=0.03; OR = -1.91; 95% CI, -2.54 to -1.29, Z = 6.00, P < 0.01). Conclusion The administration of TENS therapy holds the potential to mitigate the occurrence of OIC and augment the quality of life for individuals suffering from cancer. Particularly, TENS therapy proves to be appropriate for propagation within community and domestic environments. Nevertheless, advanced clinical randomized controlled trials of superior quality are necessary to authenticate the comprehensive clinical efficiency and safety of this therapy. Further investigation is indispensable to comprehend its mechanism in greater detail and establish the optimum therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyue Ying
- Campus Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renzhong Xiao
- Hunan Royal Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Yan
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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Yang Y, Yu H, Babygirija R, Shi B, Sun W, Zheng X, Zheng J. Electro-Acupuncture Attenuates Chronic Stress Responses via Up-Regulated Central NPY and GABA A Receptors in Rats. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:629003. [PMID: 33574739 PMCID: PMC7870494 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.629003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress can increase the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the hypothalamus, resulting in attenuation of gastric motor functions. In contrast, central neuropeptide Y (NPY) can reduce the biological actions of CRF, and in turn weaken stress responses. Although electroacupuncture (EA) at stomach 36 (ST-36) has been shown to have anti-stress effects, its mechanism has not yet been investigated. The effect of EA at ST-36 on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and gastrointestinal motility in chronic complicated stress (CCS) conditions have not been studied and the inhibitory mechanism of NPY on CRF through the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor need to be further investigated. A CCS rat model was set up, EA at ST-36 was applied to the bilateral hind limbs every day prior to the stress loading. Further, a GABAA receptor antagonist was intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected daily. Central CRF and NPY expression levels were studied, serum corticosterone and NPY concentrations were analyzed, and gastric motor functions were assessed. CCS rats showed significantly elevated CRF expression and corticosterone levels, which resulted in inhibited gastric motor functions. EA at ST-36 significantly increased central NPY mRNA expression and reduced central CRF mRNA expression as well as the plasma corticosterone level, helping to restore gastric motor function. However, ICV administration of the GABAA receptor antagonist significantly abolished these effects. EA at ST-36 upregulates the hypothalamic NPY system. NPY may, through the GABAA receptor, significantly antagonize the overexpressed central CRF and attenuate the HPA axis activities in CCS conditions, exerting influences and helping to restore gastric motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haijie Yu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weinan Sun
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wahaab S, Suban Mohammed Gouse H, Mohammed Gouse Saleem S. Pseudo Intestinal Obstruction Treated by Acupuncture − A Case Report. ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND HEALTH CARE 2020. [DOI: 10.18311/ajprhc/2020/24901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhu X, Yang L, Li X, Zhu F, Li Z, Craemer A, Xiong Y, Lan Y, Zhao Y, Wu J. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture on relieving abdominal pain and distension for acute pancreatitis: A protocol for systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19044. [PMID: 32080079 PMCID: PMC7034659 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on relieving abdominal pain and distension in acute pancreatitis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will electronically search PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science Journal Database, and Wanfang Database from their inception. Furthermore, we will manually retrieve other resources, including reference lists of identified publications, conference articles, and gray literature. The clinical randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture treating acute pancreatitis will be included in the study. The language is limited to Chinese and English. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment will be independently completed by 2 researchers. Data will be synthesized using a fixed effects model or random effects model depending on the heterogeneity test. The overall response rate and the visual analog scale score will be the primary outcomes. The time of first bowel sound, the time of first defecation, the length of hospitalization, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score, and the adverse events will also be assessed as secondary outcomes. RevMan 5 (version 5.3) statistical software will be used for meta-analysis, and the level of evidence will be assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Continuous data will be expressed in the form of weighted mean difference or standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals, whereas dichotomous data will be expressed in the form of risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol of this systematic review does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. We will publish this article in peer-reviewed journals and present at relevant conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019147503.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Zhu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Lijie Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Xianglei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Qiaoxi District, Xingtai, Hebei
| | - Fengya Zhu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zimeng Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Andrea Craemer
- School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueheng Xiong
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Ying Lan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Yuemeng Zhao
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jie Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan
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Xing X, Zhi Y, Lu J, Lei S, Huang L, Zhu M, Fang K, Wang Q, Wu J, Wu Y, Liao L, Mao S, Chen Z, Zhang G, Jiang R. Traditional Chinese medicine bundle therapy for septic acute gastrointestinal injury: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture plus routine treatment (RT) for acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS Literature searches were performed in 8 databases up to October 31, 2018. Randomized controlled trials comparing acupuncture plus RT with RT alone for AP were included. RESULTS Twelve eligible studies were included finally. The meta-analysis showed that acupuncture plus RT compared with RT alone could significantly improve the total effective rate and gastrointestinal function and reduce the Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation II score, tumor necrosis factor α count, the time of resuming to diets, and the length of hospital stay. Only 3 of the studies reported adverse events or reactions. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that acupuncture combined with RT may be effective for AP. However, more rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm the current findings.
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Zhang K, Li C, Gao C, Zhao C, Tang Q, Zhai J, Li Y. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture as an adjuvant treatment for acute pancreatitis: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029327. [PMID: 31278104 PMCID: PMC6615812 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acupuncture may be effective for acute pancreatitis (AP). This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as an adjuvant treatment for AP. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data and Chinese Science Journal Database from inception to 30 June 2019 to identify any eligible study. Only randomised controlled trials will be included. The selection of studies, data extraction and management will be completed by two reviewers independently. The primary outcomes include the overall response rate, mortality during the treatment, the proportion of patients with severe acute pancreatitis transferred to the intensive care unit or scheduled for surgery, gastrointestinal function and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II scores. The secondary outcomes include visual analogue scale, the use of analgesics, the recovery time of blood amylase becoming normal, tumour necrosis factor α counts, IL-6 counts, IL-10 counts, length of hospital stay and adverse events related to acupuncture (such as fainting, nausea, haematoma and local infection). Review Manager V.5.3 software will be used for statistical analyses. The risk of bias of included studies will be assessed by the Cochrane 'risk of bias' tool. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study will not involve personal information. The ethical approval will not be required. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018115099.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin Gong An Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Tianjin Institute of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qilin Tang
- Graduate College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin Gong An Hospital, Tianjin, China
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The prevalence, characteristics, expenditure and predictors of complementary medicine use in Australians living with gastrointestinal disorders: A cross-sectional study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 35:158-169. [PMID: 31003652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the prevalence, characteristics, expenditure and predictors of complementary medicine (CM) use in Australian adults living with gastrointestinal disorders (GID). METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 2,025 Australian adults was conducted. Participants were recruited through purposive convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics were conducted to report the prevalence of people living with GIDs and their CM use, including CM products, mind-body practices and CM practitioner services. Chi-square test and independent-samples t-test were used to determine the associations between sociodemographic or health-related variables with CM use. Binary logistic regression was conducted to determine the significant predictors of CM use in GID participants. Economic data was calculated based on the mean out-of-pocket expenditure on CM. RESULTS Of the 293 participants reporting a GID, 186 (63.5%) used CM products, 55 (18.8%) used a mind-body practice and 141 (48.1%) visited at least one CM practitioner in the last 12 months. Collectively, the majority of GID participants using any type of CM were female, aged 40-49 years, married and employed. The mean score for health-related quality of life was 49.6 out of 100 in GID participants and 68.2 in participants without a GID (p < 0.001). Average annual out-of-pocket expenditure on CM products was AUD127.29 by CM products users with a GID. The predictors of CM products, mind-body practices and CM practitioner services use differed. Of the 111 CM product users with a GID, 103 (92.8%) disclosed all or some of their CM use to general practitioner, 89 (80.2%) to specialist doctor, 79 (71.2%) to pharmacist and 69 (62.1%) to hospital doctor. CONCLUSIONS A substantial proportion of Australian adults living with GID use CM products, mind-body practices and CM practitioner services. This study provides important insights to inform and guide the development of a more coordinated health care services for individuals living with GID.
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Maharjan A, Peng M, Cakmak YO. Non-invasive High Frequency Median Nerve Stimulation Effectively Suppresses Olfactory Intensity Perception in Healthy Males. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 12:533. [PMID: 30719001 PMCID: PMC6348262 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Median nerve stimulation (MNS) had been performed in the existing literature to alleviate symptoms of nausea and vomiting. The observed facilitative effects are thought to be mediated by the vagal pathways, particularly the vagus nerve (VN) brainstem nuclei of the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus and nucleus tractus solitarius (DMV-NTS). Sense of smell is one of the major sensory modalities for inducing vomiting and nausea as a primary defense against potentially harmful intake of material. This study aimed to test effects of non-invasive, high and low frequency MNS on human olfactory functioning, with supplementary exploration of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Twenty healthy, male, adults performed supra-threshold odor intensity tests (labeled magnitude scale, LMS) for four food-related odorant samples (presented in three different concentrations) before and after receiving high-, low frequency MNS and placebo (no stimulation), while cortical activities in the OFC was monitored by the NIRS. Data of the NIRS and LMS test of separate stimulation parameters were statistically analyzed using mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA). Only the high frequency MNS showed effects for suppressing the intensity perception of the moderate concentration of Amyl Acetate (p:0.042) and strong concentration of Isovaleric Acid (p:0.004) and 1-Octen-3-ol (p:0.006). These behavioral changes were coupled with significant changes in the NIRS recordings of the left (p:0.000) and right (p:0.003) hemispheric orbitofrontal cortices. This is the first study that applied non-invasive, high frequency MNS to suppress the supra-threshold odor ratings of specific concentrations of odors. The vagal networks are potential relays of MNS to influence OFC. Results from the current article implore further research into non-invasive, high frequency MNS in the investigation of its modulatory effects on olfactory function, given its potential to be used for ameliorating nausea and malnutrition associated with various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Maharjan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mei Peng
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yusuf O Cakmak
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence, Auckland, New Zealand
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Zhang S, Li S, Liu Y, Ye F, Yin J, Foreman RD, Wang D, Chen JDZ. Electroacupuncture via chronically implanted electrodes improves gastric dysmotility mediated by autonomic-cholinergic mechanisms in a rodent model of functional dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13381. [PMID: 29856090 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). However, its mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate mechanisms of the prokinetic effects of EA in a rodent model of FD. METHODS A FD model was established by neonatal treatment of iodoacetamide (IA). Eight weeks later, the rats were implanted with electrodes in the stomach for the measurement of gastric slow waves (GSW) and electrodes into acupoints ST36 for EA. Autonomic functions were assessed by the spectral analysis of heart rate variability. KEY RESULTS (i) The IA-treated rats ("FD" rats) showed increased dysrhythmia in both fasting and fed states (P < .01) as well as during rectal distention (P < .02). EA reduced the percentage of dysrhythmia (P < .05 for both fasting and fed) and normalized RD-induced impairment in GSW in "FD" rats. Atropine blocked the effect of EA on GSW. (ii) "FD" rats showed delayed gastric emptying (P = .001 vs control) that was accelerated with EA (P = .01, vs sham-EA). (iii) "FD" rats showed increased plasma norepinephrine (P = .006, vs control) that was suppressed with EA (P = .003) and reduced vagal activity that was improved with EA. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Gastric motility (GSW and GE) is impaired in rats treated with IA, possibly attributed to impaired autonomic functions. EA improves GSW and accelerates GE mediated via the autonomic and cholinergic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhang
- Veterans Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin No. 254 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - S Li
- Veterans Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Center for Neurogastroenterology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Veterans Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of traditional Chinese medicine, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - F Ye
- Veterans Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Hepatology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - J Yin
- Veterans Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Center for Neurogastroenterology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R D Foreman
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - D Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin No. 254 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - J D Z Chen
- Veterans Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Center for Neurogastroenterology, Baltimore, MD, USA
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14
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Zhu X, Liu Z, Qin Y, Niu W, Wang Q, Li L, Zhou J. Analgesic Effects of Electroacupuncture at St25 and Cv12 in a Rat Model of Postinflammatory Irritable Bowel Syndrome Visceral Pain. Acupunct Med 2018; 36:240-246. [DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Treatment with electroacupuncture (EA) at ST25 and CV12 has a significant analgesic effect on postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) visceral pain. Enterochromaffin (EC) cells and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) are important in the development of visceral hyperalgesia. Objective To investigate the analgesic effect and underlying mechanisms of EA at ST25 and CV12 on the treatment of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced PI-IBS visceral hyperalgesia in rats. Methods After EA at ST25 and CV12, changes in abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR), electromyography (EMG) recordings, colonic EC cell numbers, and expression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) of TNBS-induced PI-IBS visceral hyperalgesia in rats were examined. Results The results of AWR tests and EMG recordings indicated a significant analgesic effect of EA stimulation at ST25 and CV12on PI-IBS visceral hyperalgesia (p<0.05). In addition, the increased EC cell numbers and colonic expression of TPH and 5-HT in rats with TNBS-induced PI-IBS visceral hyperalgesia were significantly reduced by EA (p<0.05). Conclusions EA stimulation at ST25 and CV12 can attenuate visceral hyperalgesia. This analgesic effect may be mediated via reduction of both colonic EC cell number and 5-HT concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhu
- Innovation Research Centre of Acupuncture combined with Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Innovation Research Centre of Acupuncture combined with Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yifei Qin
- Innovation Research Centre of Acupuncture combined with Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenmin Niu
- Innovation Research Centre of Acupuncture combined with Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Innovation Research Centre of Acupuncture combined with Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Public Hygiene, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an-Xianyang New Economic Zone, Shaanxi Province, China
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15
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Teoh AYB, Chong CCN, Leung WW, Chan SKC, Tse YK, Ng EKW, Lai PBS, Wu JCY, Lau JYW. Electroacupuncture-reduced sedative and analgesic requirements for diagnostic EUS: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study. Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 87:476-485. [PMID: 28750840 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of electroacupuncture (EA) in reducing sedative and analgesic requirements during EUS is uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of EA in reducing procedure-related pain and discomfort during EUS. METHODS This was a double-blinded randomized controlled study conducted between March 2014 and July 2016. Consecutive patients who were scheduled for diagnostic EUS were recruited and randomized to receive EA or sham-electroacupuncture (SA). The primary outcome was the dosage of propofol used. Other outcome measurements included pain scores, anxiety scores, satisfaction scores, patients' willingness to repeat the procedure, total procedure time, and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 128 patients were recruited to the study. The patients who received EA had significantly fewer requirements for patient-controlled sedation and analgesia (PCA). The median (interquartile range) number of demands for PCA (2 [1-5] vs 16.5 [8.5-33.8]; P < .001), the number of successful demands (2 [1-4] vs 9 [5.3-13]; P < .001), and the total dose of propofol (0.15 [0.08-0.34] vs 0.77 [0.38-1.09]; P < .001) and alfentanil (0.38 [0.20-0.86] vs 1.92 [0.94-2.72]; P < .001) were all significantly less. Patients who received EA also had significantly lower procedural pain scores and anxiety scores (P < .001), and higher satisfaction scores (P < .001), and they were more willing to repeat the procedure (P < .001). Being in the SA group and the procedure time were significant predictors of increased PCA demands (P < .001 and P = .009, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the use of EA reduced sedative and analgesia demands, improved patient experience, and was associated with a low risk of adverse events during diagnostic EUS. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT02066194.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Charing Ching Ning Chong
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Wa Leung
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Kin Cheong Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yee Kit Tse
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Enders Kwok Wai Ng
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul Bo San Lai
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Justin Che Yuen Wu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - James Yun Wong Lau
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Eichenseher J. Peptic Ulcer Disease. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Zhao J, Yu Y, Luo M, Li L, Rong P. Bi-directional regulation of acupuncture on extrahepatic biliary system: An approach in guinea pigs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14066. [PMID: 29070912 PMCID: PMC5656652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, acupuncture affects the motility of the extrahepatic biliary tract, but the underlining mechanisms are still unknown. We applied manual acupuncture (MA) and electrical acupuncture (EA) separately at acupoints Tianshu (ST25), Qimen (LR14), Yanglingquan (GB34), and Yidan (CO11) in forty guinea pigs (4 groups) with or without atropinization under anesthesia while Sphincter of Oddi (SO) myoelectric activities and gallbladder pressure were monitored. In both MA and EA groups, stimulation at ST25 or LR14 significantly increased the frequency and amplitude of SO myoelectrical activities and simultaneously decreased the gallbladder pressure as compared to the pre-MA and pre-EA (P < 0.05). On the contrary, stimulation at GB34 or CO11 significantly decreased SO myoelectricity and increased the gallbladder pressure (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with atropine could abolish the effect of stimulation at acupoints ST25, GB34 and LR14 (P > 0.05), although significant myoelectricity increases were still inducible with MA or EA stimulation at CO11 (P < 0.05). In summary, acupuncture has bi-directional effects to gallbladder pressure and SO function, which probably due to autonomic reflex and somatovisceral interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjun Zhao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yutian Yu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Rudolf Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Man Luo
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peijing Rong
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Lowe C, Aiken A, Day AG, Depew W, Vanner SJ. Sham acupuncture is as efficacious as true acupuncture for the treatment of IBS: A randomized placebo controlled trial. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28251729 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients increasingly seek out acupuncture therapy to alleviate symptoms, but it is unclear whether the benefit is due to a treatment-specific effect or a placebo response. This study examined whether true acupuncture is superior to sham acupuncture in relieving IBS symptoms and whether benefits were linked to purported acupuncture mechanisms. METHODS A double blind sham controlled acupuncture study was conducted with Rome I IBS patients receiving twice weekly true acupuncture for 4 weeks (n=43) or sham acupuncture (n=36). Patients returned at 12 weeks for a follow-up review. The primary endpoint of success as determined by whether patients met or exceeded their established goal for percentage symptom improvement. Questionnaires were completed for symptom severity scores, SF-36 and IBS-36 QOL tools, McGill pain score, and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. A subset of patients underwent barostat measurements of rectal sensation at baseline and 4 weeks. KEY RESULTS A total of 53% in the true acupuncture group met their criteria for a successful treatment intervention, but this did not differ significantly from the sham group (42%). IBS symptom scores similarly improved in both groups. Scores also improved in the IBS-36, SF-36, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, but did not differ between groups. Rectal sensory thresholds were increased in both groups following treatment and pain scores decreased; however, these changes were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The lack of differences in symptom outcomes between sham and true treatment acupuncture suggests that acupuncture does not have a specific treatment effect in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lowe
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit (GIDRU), Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - A Aiken
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - A G Day
- Biostatician, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - W Depew
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit (GIDRU), Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - S J Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit (GIDRU), Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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19
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Xu J, Zheng X, Cheng KK, Chang X, Shen G, Liu M, Wang Y, Shen J, Zhang Y, He Q, Dong J, Yang Z. NMR-based metabolomics Reveals Alterations of Electro-acupuncture Stimulations on Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45580. [PMID: 28358020 PMCID: PMC5372362 DOI: 10.1038/srep45580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a common gastrointestinal disease which has been considered as precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma. Previously, electro-acupuncture stimulation has been shown to be effective in ameliorating symptoms of CAG. However the underlying mechanism of this beneficial treatment is yet to be established. In the present study, an integrated histopathological examination along with molecular biological assay, as well as 1H NMR analysis of multiple biological samples (urine, serum, stomach, cortex and medulla) were employed to systematically assess the pathology of CAG and therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation at Sibai (ST 2), Liangmen (ST 21), and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints located in the stomach meridian using a rat model of CAG. The current results showed that CAG caused comprehensive metabolic alterations including the TCA cycle, glycolysis, membrane metabolism and catabolism, gut microbiota-related metabolism. On the other hand, electro-acupuncture treatment was found able to normalize a number of CAG-induced metabolomics changes by alleviating membrane catabolism, restoring function of neurotransmitter in brain and partially reverse the CAG-induced perturbation in gut microbiota metabolism. These findings provided new insights into the biochemistry of CAG and mechanism of the therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xujuan Zheng
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kian-Kai Cheng
- Department of Bioprocess &Polymer Engineering, Innovative Centre in Agritechnology, University Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | - Xiaorong Chang
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Guiping Shen
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mi Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiacheng Shen
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Qida He
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiyang Dong
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zongbao Yang
- Department of Electronic Science, and Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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20
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Zhou W, Su J, Zhang H. Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia: Meta-Analysis. J Altern Complement Med 2016; 22:380-9. [PMID: 27028618 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder. Currently, no established optimal treatment is available. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of acupuncture in relieving symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with FD. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Sino-Med, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP databases, and Google Scholar engine were searched from inception through April 2014 to identify randomized controlled trials of acupuncture therapy that reported on overall FD symptoms or FD-related quality of life as a primary outcome. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool, RevMan 5.0, and Stata 12.0 software were used for meta-analysis. Data were pooled to calculate relative risk (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of substantial improvement after treatment for dichotomous data and mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs for continuous data using random-effects models. RESULTS Twenty-four English- and Chinese-language articles describing randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trials involving 3097 patients were included. Acupuncture significantly improved FD symptoms in studies reporting outcomes using dichotomous (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.12-1.27; p < 0.001) and continuous (standardized MD [SMD], -0.78; 95% CI, -1.21 to -0.35; p = 0.0004) variables. Pooled analyses showed that acupuncture improved FD-related (weighted MD [WMD], 5.97; 95% CI, 3.14-8.80; p = 0.0002) and health-related (WMD, 6.83; 95% CI, 3.02-10.65; p = 0.004) quality of life, without serious adverse events. However, acupuncture failed to increase plasma motilin concentration (SMD, 0.67; 95% CI, -0.07 to 1.42; p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture appears to be efficacious in relieving FD symptoms and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Jiewen Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
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21
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Gao X, Qin Q, Yu X, Liu K, Li L, Qiao H, Zhu B. Acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints facilitates distal colonic motility via activating M3 receptors and somatic afferent C-fibers in normal, constipated, or diarrhoeic rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:1817-30. [PMID: 26459908 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of somatic stimulation for patients with gastrointestinal motility disorders. However, little effort has been made to investigate the effects of acupuncture on colonic motility, particularly in pathological conditions. The precise mechanism employed in the regulation of acupuncture on colonic motility still remains unclear. METHODS We assessed the effect of acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints on distal colonic motility using a warm-water-filled manometric balloon inserted 5-6 cm into the rectum of anesthetized normal rats or rats with diarrhea or constipation. Choline chloride, 4-DAMP, cobra venom and capsaicin were separately applied to investigate the role of M3 receptors in the regulation of distal colonic motility by acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints, and whether Aδ- and/or C-fibers are required for triggering distal colonic motility by acupuncture. KEY RESULTS Acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints increased distal colonic motility not only in normal rats but also in rats with constipation or diarrhea. M3 receptors play an important role in the facilitation of distal colonic motility triggered by acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints. Afferent nerve Aδ- and C-fibers mediate the transduction of the acupuncture signal and C-fibers are essential for enhancing the effect of acupuncture at the heterotopic acupoint on distal colonic motility. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Our results reveal that acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints increases distal colonic motility regardless of normal or pathological conditions via predominately activating C-fibers of somatic afferent nerve and M3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Q Qin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Henan Orthopedics Hospital, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
| | - X Yu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - K Liu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H Qiao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Third Clinical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - B Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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(1) H NMR Metabolic Profiling of Biofluids from Rats with Gastric Mucosal Lesion and Electroacupuncture Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:801691. [PMID: 26170882 PMCID: PMC4485499 DOI: 10.1155/2015/801691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gastric mucosal lesion (GML) is a common gastrointestinal disorder with multiple pathogenic mechanisms in clinical practice. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), electroacupuncture (EA) treatment has been proven as an effective therapy for GML, although the underlying healing mechanism is not yet clear. Here, we used proton nuclear magnetic resonance- (1H NMR-) based metabolomic method to investigate the metabolic perturbation induced by GML and the therapeutic effect of EA treatment on stomach meridian (SM) acupoints. Clear metabolic differences were observed between GML and control groups, and related metabolic pathways were discussed by means of online metabolic network analysis toolbox. By comparing the endogenous metabolites from GML and GML-SM groups, the disturbed pathways were partly recovered towards healthy state via EA treated on SM acupoints. Further comparison of the metabolic variations induced by EA stimulated on SM and the control gallbladder meridian (GM) acupoints showed a quite similar metabolite composition except for increased phenylacetylglycine, 3,4-dihydroxymandelate, and meta-hydroxyphenylacetate and decreased N-methylnicotinamide in urine from rats with EA treated on SM acupoints. The current study showed the potential application of metabolomics in providing further insight into the molecular mechanism of acupuncture.
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23
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Yuxue Z, Changxiang C, Qingguang Q, Hui B, Junhong G, Xiaochun Y, Bing Z. Effect of manual acupuncture on bowel motility in normal kunming mouse. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2015; 35:227-33. [PMID: 25975058 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of acupuncture on motility of jejunum and distal colon at different acupoints on normal Kunming mice. METHODS The jejunal and colorectal motor activity of forty Kunming mice were recorded by the intra-intestinal capsule. The capsules contained with distilled water were placed into the cavities of jejunum and distal colon. The changes of bowel were compared with the background activity recorded before any stimulation. The chosen acupoints were as follows: Zusanli (ST 36) on the lower legs, Tianshu (ST 25) on the mid-lower abdomen. RESULTS Manual acupuncture (MA) at Zusanli (ST 36) significantly promoted the motility of jejunum and distal colon (manifested as increased change rate of average amplitude and increased change rate of mean area under the contractile curve) of normal Kunming mice (P < 0.01). MA at Tianshu (ST 25) significantly inhibited the motility of jejunum (manifested as decreased change rate of average amplitude, decreased change rate of mean area under the contractile curve, and the reduced frequency) of normal Kunming mice (P < 0.01), while significantly increased the distal colonic motility (manifested as increased amplitude and increased mean area under the contractile curve) of normal Kunming mice (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION MA at specific acupoints [Zusanli (ST 36), Tianshu (ST 25)] has different effects on the motility of jejunum and distal colon, which might involve the segmental innervations of the related nerve.
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24
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Li G, Huang C, Zhang X, Xie H, Cheng H, Tang Y, Li Z. The short-term effects of acupuncture on patients with diabetic gastroparesis: a randomised crossover study. Acupunct Med 2015; 33:204-9. [PMID: 25689986 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture may improve gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with various disorders, but its efficacy in diabetic gastroparesis is unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term effects of acupuncture on gastric emptying and gastroparesis symptoms in patients with diabetic gastroparesis. METHODS In a single-blind controlled crossover trial, 25 patients with diabetic gastroparesis were randomly assigned to undergo 1 week of real acupuncture (RA) treatment followed by 1 week of sham acupuncture (SA) treatment, or vice versa, with a washout of 1 month in between. Before and after each intervention, gastric retention, the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels were measured. RESULTS 21 patients completed the study. Compared with SA treatment, RA treatment was associated with significantly greater reductions in gastric retention at 2 h (-11.1±7.0%; 95% CI -13.6% to -6.2%; p<0.01) and at 4 h (-5.0±2.8%; 95% CI -6.0% to -0.2%; p=0.04) and in GCSI score (-8.0±3.4; 95% CI -8.4 to -2.8; p<0.01). There were no significant differences in FBG and HbA1c levels between RA and SA treatments. CONCLUSIONS In patients with diabetic gastroparesis, 1 week of short-term manual acupuncture reduces gastric retention and improves gastroparesis symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Chengfei Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuezhu Zhang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Research Institute, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital, Jianghan, Hubei, China
| | - Yinshan Tang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Abstract
There has been a marked decline over the last several years in drug development for gastroesophageal reflux disease and specifically for nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), despite there being many areas of unmet need. In contrast, we have seen a proliferation, during the same period of time, in development of novel, nonmedical therapeutic strategies for NERD using cutting-edge technology. Presently, compliance and lifestyle modifications are readily available noninvasive therapeutic interventions for NERD. Other nonmedical therapies include, the Stretta procedure, transoral incisionless fundoplication, and the magnetic sphincter augmentation device (LINX). Antireflux surgery, in experienced hands, has been repeatedly shown to be efficacious in resolving NERD-related symptoms. Psychological therapeutic interventions and alternative medicine techniques, such as acupuncture, continue to show promise, especially in NERD patients who failed antireflux treatment.
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Lu B, Ma Z, Cheng F, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Mao H, Shen X, Liu S. Effects of electroacupuncture on ethanol-induced impairments of spatial learning and memory and Fos expression in the hippocampus in rats. Neurosci Lett 2014; 576:62-7. [PMID: 24923763 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that alcohol impairs spatial learning and memory. Here, we investigated the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 or nonacupoint on ethanol-induced learning and memory impairment and the expression of Fos in the hippocampus. Ethanol (5g/kg) was administered intragastrically once a day for 5 consecutive days; 2Hz EA was administered immediately after ethanol exposure. After a 2-day ethanol abstinence, for 6 consecutive days, the rats were submitted to Morris water maze training. Probe trials were performed on 1 day after the final training session. We also applied immunohistochemistry to detect Fos-positive nuclei in the hippocampus. We found that 5-day ethanol exposure markedly decreased spatial learning and memory abilities in the Morris water maze task as indicated by escape latency and time in the target quadrant. EA treatment shortened the time of reaching platform and increased times traveled in the target quadrant (P<0.05). Animals administered with ethanol emitted significantly fewer Fos expression in the hippocampal CA1 area. EA increased Fos expression in the hippocampal CA1 area. Significant correlations were obtained between Fos protein expression in CA1 and time in the target quadrant. Altogether, these results suggest that EA protects against ethanol-induced impairments of spatial learning and memory, which may be involved in the hippocampal CA1 area. EA treatment may provide a novel nonpharmacological strategy for ethanol-induced learning and memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huijuan Mao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xueyong Shen
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Saxena P, Chen JA, Mullin GE. The Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Pancreatic Disorders. Nutr Clin Pract 2014; 29:409-11. [DOI: 10.1177/0884533614528987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Payal Saxena
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jason A. Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Glen Burnie, Maryland
| | - Gerard E. Mullin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Danielli Miller N, Schiff E, Ben-Arye E, Singer J, Tsadok Perets T, Flaut S, Sahar N, Niv Y, Dickman R. Benefits of acupuncture for diabetic gastroparesis: a comparative preliminary study. Acupunct Med 2013; 32:139-45. [PMID: 24323633 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2013-010465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this preliminary study was to compare the effectiveness of domperidone and acupuncture for the management of diabetic gastroparesis. METHODS This was a preliminary, prospective non-randomised, unblinded case-crossover study conducted in patients with longstanding, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and gastroparesis. All patients received domperidone (20 mg four times a day) for 12 weeks, followed by a 2-3 week washout period, and then biweekly acupuncture treatments for 8 weeks. Gastric emptying rate, glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels were measured at start and end of each treatment period. At each of these timepoints patients completed the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey Update (SF-36). RESULTS The trial was curtailed after only eight participants could be recruited in 3 years. The mean age of patients was 57.1±9.9 years, the male:female ratio was 1:7 and mean body mass index (kg/m(2)) was 25.2±1.2. There was no change in any of the outcome parameters after treatment with domperidone. Acupuncture was associated with a decrease in scores for almost all cardinal symptoms of the GCSI, as well as in increased total score on the SWLS (p=0.002) and the social functioning domain of the SF-36 (p=0.054). Acupuncture did not lead to an improvement in gastric emptying, or glucose control from baseline. CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture treatment may lead to symptomatic improvement in patients with diabetic gastroparesis. Within the limitations of this preliminary, non-randomised and unblinded study, it appears that this effect may be due to non-specific mechanisms.
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Effect of Electroacupuncture at ST36 on Gastric-Related Neurons in Spinal Dorsal Horn and Nucleus Tractus Solitarius. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:912898. [PMID: 24191172 PMCID: PMC3804039 DOI: 10.1155/2013/912898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at the ST36 acupoint on the firing rate of gastric-related neurons in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). There were different effects of gastric distention in SDH and NTS in 46 male Sprague-Dawley rats. In 10 excitatory neurons in SDH, most of the neurons were inhibited by homolateral EA. The firing rates decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in 10 excitatory gastric-related neurons in NTS; the firing rates of 6 neurons were further excited by homolateral EA, with a significant increase of the firing rates (P < 0.05); all inhibitory gastric-related neurons in NTS were excited by EA. The inhibition rate of homolateral EA was significantly increased in comparison with contralateral EA in gastric-related neurons of SDH (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between homolateral and contralateral EA in gastric-related neurons of NTS. EA at ST36 changes the firing rate of gastric-related neurons in SDH and NTS. However, there are some differences in responsive mode in these neurons. The existence of these differences could be one of the physiological foundations of diversity and complexity in EA effects.
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Bi HJ, He YY, Shu S, Zhou QH. Failed acupuncture treatment of small intestinal obstruction after distal gastric cancer: a case report. Acupunct Med 2013; 31:334-5. [PMID: 23872138 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2013-010376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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"Intensity-response" effects of electroacupuncture on gastric motility and its underlying peripheral neural mechanism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:535742. [PMID: 23935667 PMCID: PMC3713365 DOI: 10.1155/2013/535742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the "intensity-response" relationship between EAS and the effect of gastric motility of rats and its underlying peripheral neural mechanism by employing ASIC3 knockout (ASIC3-/-), TRPV1 knockout (TRPV1-/-), and C57BL/6 mice. For adult male Sprague-Dawley (n = 18) rats, the intensities of EAS were 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mA, respectively. For mice (n = 8 in each group), only 1 mA was used, by which C fiber of the mice can be activated. Gastric antrum motility was measured by intrapyloric balloon. Gastric motility was facilitated by EAS at ST36 and inhibited by EAS at CV12. The half maximal facilitation intensity of EAS at ST36 was 2.1-2.3 mA, and the half maximal inhibitory intensity of EAS at CV12 was 2.8 mA. In comparison with C57BL/6 mice, the facilitatory effect of ST36 and inhibitive effect of CV12 in ASIC3-/- mice decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, these effects in TRPV1-/- mice decreased significantly (P < 0.001). The results indicated that there existed an "intensity-response" relationship between EAS and the effect of gastric motility. TRPV1 receptor was involved in the regulation of gastric motility of EAS.
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Leung WW, Jones AYM, Ng SSM, Wong CYN, Lee JFY. Acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation reduces discomfort associated with barostat-induced rectal distension: A randomized-controlled study. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:381-8. [PMID: 23372361 PMCID: PMC3554823 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i3.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the effectiveness of acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Acu-TENS), a non-invasive modality in reduction of rectal discomfort during barostat-induced rectal distension.
METHODS: Forty healthy subjects were randomized to receive 45 min of either Acu-TENS or placebo-TENS (no electrical output) over acupuncture points Hegu (large-intestine 4), Neiguan (pericardium 6) and Zusanli (stomach 36). A balloon catheter attached to a dual-drive barostat machine was then inserted into the subjects’ rectum. A step-wise (4 mmHg) increase in balloon pressure was induced until maximal tolerable or 48 mmHg. Visual analogue scale and a 5-point subjective discomfort scale (no perception, first perception of distension, urge to defecate, discomfort/pain and extreme pain) were used to assess rectal discomfort at each distension pressure. Blood beta-endorphin levels were measured before, immediately after intervention, at 24 mmHg and at maximal tolerable distension pressure.
RESULTS: There was no difference in the demographic data and baseline plasma beta-endorphin levels between the two groups. Perception threshold levels were higher in the Acu-TENS group when compared to the placebo group, but the difference reached statistical significance only at the sensations “urge to defecate” and “pain”. The distension pressures recorded at the “urge to defecate” sensation for the Acu-TENS and placebo-TENS groups were 28.0 ± 4.5 mmHg and 24.6 ± 5.7 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.043); and the pressures recorded for the “pain” sensation for these two groups were 36.0 ± 4.2 mmHg and 30.5 ± 4.3 mmHg respectively (P = 0.002). Compared to the placebo group, a higher number of participants in the Acu-TENS group tolerated higher distension pressures (> 40 mmHg) (65% in Acu-TENS vs 25% in placebo, P = 0.02). The plasma beta-endorphin levels of the Acu-TENS group were significantly higher than that of the placebo group at barostat inflation pressure of 24 mmHg (1.31 ± 0.40 ng/mL vs 1.04 ± 0.43 ng/mL, P = 0.044) and at maximal inflation pressure (1.46 ± 0.53 ng/mL vs 0.95 ± 0.38 ng/mL, P = 0.003).
CONCLUSION: Acu-TENS reduced rectal discomfort during barostat-induced rectal distension and concurrently associated with a rise in beta-endorphin level.
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Takahashi T. Effect and mechanism of acupuncture on gastrointestinal diseases. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2013; 111:273-94. [PMID: 24215928 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411545-3.00014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture modulates various biomechanical responses, such as prokinetic, antiemetic, and antinociceptive effects. Acupuncture treatment involves the insertion of thin needles into the skin and underlying muscle and the needles are stimulated manually or electrically. Thus, acupuncture stimulates the somatic afferent nerves of the skin and muscles. The somatic sensory information from the body is carried to the cortex area of the brain. Somatic sensory fibers also project to the various nuclei, including the brain stem, periaqueductal gray (PAG), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Somatosensory pathways stimulated by acupuncture activate these nuclei. Activation of the brain stem modulates the imbalance between sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity. Opioid released from the PAG is involved in mediating antiemetic and antinociceptive effects of acupuncture. Oxytocin release from the PVN mediates antistress and antinociceptive effects of acupuncture. Acupuncture may be effective in patients with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders because of its effects on GI motility and visceral pain. It is expected that acupuncture is used in the treatment of patients with functional GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toku Takahashi
- Department of Neurology and Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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Hu A, Lai M, Wei J, Wang L, Mao H, Zhou W, Liu S. The effect of electroacupuncture on extinction responding of heroin-seeking behavior and FosB expression in the nucleus accumbens core. Neurosci Lett 2012; 534:252-7. [PMID: 23274705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Augmentation of extinction with learning enhancing therapy may offer an effective strategy to combat heroin relapse. Our lab previously found that electroacupuncture (EA) not only significantly reduced cue-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking but also exhibited a promoting effect on the ability of learning and memory. In the present study, we further investigated the effects of EA on the extinction of heroin-seeking behavior in rats with a history of intravenous heroin self-administration. We trained Sprague-Dawley rats to nose-poke for i.v. heroin either daily for 4h or 25 infusions for 14 consecutive days; then the rats underwent 7 daily 3h extinction sessions in the operant chamber. To assess EA's effects on the extinction response of heroin-associated cues, 2Hz EA was administered 1h before each of the 7 extinction sessions. We also applied immunohistochemistry to detect FosB-positive nuclei in the nucleus accumbens core. We found that EA treatment facilitated the extinction response of heroin seeking but did not alter the locomotor activity in an open field testing environment. EA stimulation attenuated the FosB expression in the core of the nucleus accumbens, a brain region involved in the learning and execution of motor responses. Altogether, these results suggest that EA may provide a novel nonpharmacological approach to enhance extinction learning when combined with extinction therapy for the treatment of heroin addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airong Hu
- Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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Liu J, Huang H, Xu X, Chen JDZ. Effects and possible mechanisms of acupuncture at ST36 on upper and lower abdominal symptoms induced by rectal distension in healthy volunteers. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 303:R209-17. [PMID: 22592556 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00301.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background acupuncture (AP) has been shown to have a therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal motility disorders. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of acupuncture on postprandial upper and lower abdominal symptoms induced by rectal distension (RD). Twenty healthy volunteers were involved in a two-session study (AP and sham-AP, AP and no-AP, or sham-AP and no-AP). In 12 of the volunteers, RD was performed for 60 min in the postprandial state, and AP at ST36 or sham-AP was performed during the second 30-min period of RD. Gastric slow waves and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded using the electrogastrogram and electrocardiogram, respectively. Upper and lower abdominal symptoms were scored during RD with AP and sham-AP. In five of the subjects, an additional experiment with two sessions (with AP and no-AP) was performed. In the remaining eight volunteers, the same experiment was performed with sham-AP and no-AP was performed. The results were, first, RD at an average volume of 171 ml induced upper and lower abdominal symptoms (P < 0.01). AP, but not sham-AP or no-AP, reduced both upper and lower abdominal symptoms (P < 0.05). Second, RD decreased the percentage of normal gastric slow waves (P < 0.05). AP improved gastric slow waves compared with sham-AP or no-AP (P < 0.05). Third, in the larger, but not smaller, sample size experiment, the vagal activity during the RD plus AP period was significantly higher than that during the RD alone period in the same session and the corresponding period with sham-AP or no-AP in other sessions (P < 0.05). Neither sham-AP nor no-AP showed any effects on vagal activity (P > 0.05). Finally, in the experiment with eight volunteers, neither sham-AP nor no-AP showed any effects on RD-induced impairment in gastric slow waves, abdominal symptoms, or vagal activity (P > 0.05). The conclusions are RD induces upper or lower abdominal symptoms and impairs gastric slow waves in healthy volunteers. AP at ST36 is able to improve upper and lower abdominal symptoms and impaired gastric slow waves induced by RD, possibly mediated via the vagal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Huazhong Science & Technology University, Wuhan, China
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36
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Oh TH, Fass R. Commentary: functional dyspepsia - is acupuncture the solution? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35:955-6; discussion 956-7. [PMID: 22436034 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T H Oh
- Neuroenteric Clinical Research, Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, USA
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37
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Taniguchi H, Imai K, Ludwig K, Takahashi T. Effects of Acupuncture on Stress-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in Conscious Dogs. Med Acupunct 2012. [DOI: 10.1089/acu.2011.0832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Taniguchi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kenji Imai
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kirk Ludwig
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Toku Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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38
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Eichenseher J. Peptic Ulcer Disease. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-1793-8.00042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acupuncture has been used for treating various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. However, the mechanism of acupuncture remains unclear. METHODS The aim of this article is to review the published literature on the mechanism of acupuncture on neuromodulation in the gut. RESULTS Acupuncture treatment involves the insertion of thin needles into the skin and underlying muscle and the subsequent stimulation of the needles manually or electrically. Thus, acupuncture stimulates the somatic afferent nerves of the skin and muscles. The somatic sensory information from the body is carried to the cortex area of the brain. Somatic sensory fibers also project to the various nuclei at the brain stem and hypothalamus. Via somato-autonomic reflex, acupuncture modulates various biomechanical responses, such as prokinetic, antiemetic, and anti-nociceptive effects. CONCLUSION According to traditional Chinese medicine, "Acupuncture is believed to restore the balance of Yin and Yang." This can be translated into the Western medicine terminology that "Acupuncture modulates the imbalance between the parasympathetic and sympathetic activity." Acupuncture may be effective in patients with functional GI disorders because of its effects on GI motility and visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toku Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.
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40
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Yin J, Chen JDZ. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and acupuncture. Auton Neurosci 2010; 157:31-7. [PMID: 20363196 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, numerous studies have been performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of acupuncture or electroacupuncture (EA) on gastrointestinal motility and patients with functional gastrointestinal diseases. A PubMed search was performed on this topic and all available studies published in English have been reviewed and evaluated. This review is organized based on the gastrointestinal organ (from the esophagus to the colon), components of gastrointestinal motility and the functional diseases related to specific motility disorders. It was found that the effects of acupuncture or EA on gastrointestinal motility were fairly consistent and the major acupuncture points used in these studies were ST36 and PC6. Gastric motility has been mostly studied, whereas much less information is available on the effect of EA on small and large intestinal motility or related disorders. A number of clinical studies have been published, investigating the therapeutic effects of EA on a number of functional gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux, functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. However, the findings of these clinical studies were inconclusive. In summary, acupuncture or EA is able to alter gastrointestinal motility functions and improve gastrointestinal motility disorders. However, more studies are needed to establish the therapeutic roles of EA in treating functional gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyun Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Meng ZQ, Garcia MK, Chiang JS, Peng HT, Shi YQ, Fu J, Liu LM, Liao ZX, Zhang Y, Bei WY, Thornton B, Palmer JL, McQuade J, Cohen L. Electro-acupuncture to prevent prolonged postoperative ileus: A randomized clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:104-11. [PMID: 20039456 PMCID: PMC2799905 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i1.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To examine whether acupuncture can prevent prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) after intraperitoneal surgery for colon cancer.
METHODS: Ninety patients were recruited from the Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China. After surgery, patients were randomized to receive acupuncture (once daily, starting on postoperative day 1, for up to six consecutive days) or usual care. PPOI was defined as an inability to pass flatus or have a bowel movement by 96 h after surgery. The main outcomes were time to first flatus, time to first bowel movement, and electrogastroenterography. Secondary outcomes were quality of life (QOL) measures, including pain, nausea, insomnia, abdominal distension/fullness, and sense of well-being.
RESULTS: No significant differences in PPOI on day 4 (P = 0.71) or QOL measures were found between the groups. There were also no group differences when the data were analyzed by examining those whose PPOI had resolved by day 5 (P = 0.69) or day 6 (P = 0.88). No adverse events related to acupuncture were reported.
CONCLUSION: Acupuncture did not prevent PPOI and was not useful for treating PPOI once it had developed in this population.
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Fukuta H, Koshita M, Nakamura E, Nakamura H, Yamada A, Kawase Y, Ishigami T, Kurono Y, Iino S, Suzuki H. Acupuncture modulates mechanical responses of smooth muscle produced by transmural nerve stimulation in gastric antrum of genetically hyperglycemic rats. J Smooth Muscle Res 2009; 45:167-85. [PMID: 19783870 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.45.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of acupuncture treatment on mechanical responses produced by transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) and acetylcholine (ACh) were investigated in circular smooth muscle preparations isolated from the antrum of the stomach of genetically hyperglycemic rats. While control rats had blood glucose levels of about 140 mg/dl, this was approximately tripled in the genetically hyperglycemic rats, but only doubled in the acupuncture treated genetically hyperglycemic rats. Antrum smooth muscle produced phasic contractions spontaneously, with a similar frequency and amplitude in the three groups of rats. Effects of atropine and Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) on TNS-induced responses revealed that in the antrum smooth muscle of the control rats, cholinergic excitatory, non-adrenergic non-cholinergic excitatory (NANCE), nitrergic inhibitory and off-responses produced projections: the last projection was considered to be non-adrenergic non-cholinergic non-nitrergic (NANCNN) in nature. In genetically hyperglycemic rats, nitrergic and NANCNN projections were enhanced and NANCE projections were absent. Acupuncture treated genetically hyperglycemic rats showed a reduction of NANCNN projection and enhancement of cholinergic projection, with no alteration to nitrergic projection, but a recovery of NANCE projection. ACh elicited inhibitory responses at low concentrations (1-30 nM) and excitatory responses at high concentrations (100-300 nM), in the three groups of rats. L-NA converted the ACh-induced inhibitory responses to excitatory responses. Immunohistochemical examination indicated no significant difference in the distribution of c-Kit expressing cells in the antrum smooth muscle from the three groups of rats. The results indicated that in antral smooth muscle, hyperglycemia was associated with enhanced activity in nitrergic and NANCNN projections and attenuation of NANCE projections, and that acupuncture treatment caused both a reduced blood glucose level and attenuated NANCNN projections. In genetically hyperglycemic rats, cholinergic responses were enhanced by acupuncture, possibly due to the enhanced cholinergic projections, with no change in the sensitivity of postjunctional muscarinic receptors to ACh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Fukuta
- Department of Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
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Park YC, Kang W, Choi SM, Son CG. Evaluation of manual acupuncture at classical and nondefined points for treatment of functional dyspepsia: a randomized-controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med 2009; 15:879-84. [PMID: 19678778 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2008.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acupuncture has been used traditionally as a treatment for functional dyspepsia (FD). The goal of this trial was to examine the efficacy of acupuncture at classical points and nondefined points as a treatment for functional dyspepsia. METHODS Sixty-eight (68) patients with functional dyspepsia, as defined by Rome-II criteria, were randomized into two groups: classical six-point acupuncture and nondefined-point acupuncture. Acupuncture was conducted three times per week for 2 weeks in a single-blind setting. To assess the effects of acupuncture, symptoms and quality of life were scored according to the Nepean Dyspepsia Index before and after acupuncture treatments. RESULTS Acupuncture treatment significantly decreased the dyspepsia symptoms and improved the quality of life. There was no statistical difference between the acupuncture groups treated at classical and nondefined points. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that both acupunctures at classical points and nondefined points improved the symptoms of patients with FD. However, we cannot rule out the possibilities of placebo effect in this trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Jastrowski Mano KE, Davies WH. Parental attitudes toward acupuncture in a community sample. J Altern Complement Med 2009; 15:661-8. [PMID: 19489705 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2008.0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to investigate parental attitudes toward acupuncture for their child. No known research has explored how medical providers discuss acupuncture with families or specific concerns parents have about acupuncture. This study examined whether acupuncture attitudes were influenced by (1) the way acupuncture is explained to parents by a physician and (2) parental experience with acupuncture. DESIGN Parents (N = 240) read vignettes that varied in a 2 (Physician Description of Acupuncture: Traditional Chinese Medicine versus biomedical) x 2 (Gender: male versus female) design and responded to questions assessing their attitudes toward acupuncture. RESULTS A factor analysis of the vignette questions resulted in two factors: acupuncture acceptability (alpha = 0.88) and information seeking (alpha = 0.70). Previous experience with acupuncture significantly increased acupuncture acceptability and reduced interest in information seeking. Parents with experience were more likely to report wanting to pursue acupuncture for their child. A biomedical explanation led to increased acceptability and interest in pursuing information among parents with experience (d = 0.36), and significantly predicted parental agreement with the vignette item, "I would have my child receive acupuncture treatment." Common acupuncture concerns included fear of needles and acupuncture ineffectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Parents' experience with acupuncture, regardless of its perceived helpfulness, appears to play an important role in their consideration of acupuncture for their child. Additional research is needed to fully understand the importance of the way acupuncture is presented to families, as it appears to impact parental attitudes in subtle ways. Parents have numerous concerns regarding acupuncture. Our findings suggest that providers would benefit from increased awareness of families' interest in and use of complementary and alternative medicine so as to better monitor safety, provide advice, and discuss treatment expectations and misconceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Jastrowski Mano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Jane B. Pettit Pain and Palliative Care Center, MS 792, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, 9000 W. Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Acupuncture modulates spontaneous activities in the anticorrelated resting brain networks. Brain Res 2009; 1279:37-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Anastasi JK, McMahon DJ, Kim GH. Symptom management for irritable bowel syndrome: a pilot randomized controlled trial of acupuncture/moxibustion. Gastroenterol Nurs 2009; 32:243-55. [PMID: 19696601 DOI: 10.1097/sga.0b013e3181b2c920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effect of an individualized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) acupuncture and moxibustion (Acu/Moxa) treatment on symptom control in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in a preliminary, randomized, sham/placebo-controlled trial. Twenty-nine men and women with IBS were randomized to either individualized Acu/Moxa (treatment group) or sham/placebo Acu/Moxa (control group). All subjects were assessed by a diagnostic acupuncturist for a TCM evaluation and individualized point prescription. Only those subjects assigned to the experimental group received the individually prescribed treatment. The diagnostic acupuncturist did not administer treatments and was blind to treatment assignments. All subjects kept a symptom diary for the duration of the study, enabling measurement of symptom frequency, severity, and improvement. The Clinical Global Impression Scale was administered preintervention to establish baseline severity and on completion of the 4-week, eight-session treatment intervention. After 4 weeks of twice-weekly Acu/Moxa treatment, average daily abdominal pain/discomfort improved whereas the control group showed minimal reduction. This between-group difference adjusted for baseline difference was statistically significant. The intestinal gas, bloating, and stool consistency composite score showed a similar pattern of improvement. The findings indicate that Acu/Moxa treatment shows promise in the area of symptom management for IBS.
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da Silva JBG, Nakamura MU, Cordeiro JA, Kulay L, Saidah R. Acupuncture for Dyspepsia in Pregnancy: A Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Study. Acupunct Med 2009; 27:50-3. [DOI: 10.1136/aim.2009.000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study was undertaken to describe under real-life conditions the effects of acupuncture on symptomatic dyspepsia during pregnancy and to compare this with a group of patients undergoing conventional treatment alone. Methods A total of 42 conventionally treated pregnant women were allocated by chance into two groups to be treated, or not, by acupuncture. They reported the severity of symptoms and the disability these were causing in daily aspects of life such as sleeping and eating, using a numerical rating scale. The study also observed the use of medications. Results Six women dropped out (one in the acupuncture group and five in the control group). Significant improvements in symptoms were found in the study group. This group also used less medication and had a greater improvement in their disabilities when compared with the control group. Conclusions This study suggests that acupuncture may alleviate dyspepsia during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luiz Kulay
- Department of Obstetrics, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rassen Saidah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Preto Medical College, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
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Chen J, Song GQ, Yin J, Koothan T, Chen JDZ. Electroacupuncture improves impaired gastric motility and slow waves induced by rectal distension in dogs. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 295:G614-20. [PMID: 18653722 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.90322.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rectal distension (RD) is known to induce upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of RD on gastric slow waves (GSW) and motor activity and furthermore to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on GSW and motor activity. Eight female hound dogs chronically implanted with gastric serosal electrodes and a gastric fistula were studied in six separate sessions. Antral motility, GSW, heart rate variability, and rectal pressure were evaluated for the above purposes. 1) RD at a volume of 120 ml suppressed antral motility significantly. Guanethidine blocked the inhibitory effect of RD. EA at ST36 was able to restore the suppressed antral contractions induced by RD (16.6+/-1.7 vs. 8.0+/-1.4, P<0.001). Naloxone partially blocked the effect of EA on antral contractions. 2) RD reduced the percentage of normal GSW from 98.8+/-0.8% at baseline to 76.1+/-8.6% (P<0.05) that was increased to 91.8+/-3.0% with EA. The effects of EA on the GSW were nullified by the presence of naloxone. 3) EA did not show any significant effect on rectal pressure, suggesting that the ameliorating effects of EA on RD-induced impaired gastric motility were not due to a decrease in rectal pressure. 4) EA increased the vagal activity suppressed by RD. In conclusion, RD inhibits postprandial gastric motility and impairs GSW in dogs, and the inhibitory effects are mediated via the adrenergic pathways. EA at ST36 is able to restore the RD-induced impaired GSW and motor activities, possibly by enhancing vagal activity, and is partially mediated via the opioid pathway. EA may have therapeutic potential for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0632, USA.
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Kim J, Ogay V, Lee BC, Kim MS, Lim I, Woo HJ, Park HJ, Kehr J, Soh KS. Catecholamine-Producing Novel Endocrine Organ: Bonghan System. Med Acupunct 2008. [DOI: 10.1089/acu.2008.0600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jungdae Kim
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Vyacheslav Ogay
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Byung-Cheon Lee
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Min-Su Kim
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Inbin Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Woo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Department of Acupuncture and Meridian, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jan Kehr
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kwang-Sup Soh
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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Garcia MK, Skibber JM, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Chang DZ, Feig BW, Bisanz AK, Palmer JL, Cohen L, Chiang JS. Acupuncture to Prevent Prolonged Postoperative Ileus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Acupunct 2008. [DOI: 10.1089/acu.2008.0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kay Garcia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - John M. Skibber
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - David Z. Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Barry W. Feig
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Annette K. Bisanz
- Department of Nursing Administration, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J. Lynn Palmer
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- Departments of Behavioral Science and Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Joseph S. Chiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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