1
|
Inoue G, Ohtaki Y, Satoh K, Odanaka Y, Katoh A, Suzuki K, Tomita Y, Eiraku M, Kikuchi K, Harano K, Yagi M, Uchida N, Dohi K. Sedation Therapy in Intensive Care Units: Harnessing the Power of Antioxidants to Combat Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2129. [PMID: 37626626 PMCID: PMC10452444 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In critically ill patients requiring intensive care, increased oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis. Sedatives are widely used for sedation in many of these patients. Some sedatives are known antioxidants. However, no studies have evaluated the direct scavenging activity of various sedative agents on different free radicals. This study aimed to determine whether common sedatives (propofol, thiopental, and dexmedetomidine (DEX)) have direct free radical scavenging activity against various free radicals using in vitro electron spin resonance. Superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, and nitric oxide (NO) direct scavenging activities were measured. All sedatives scavenged different types of free radicals. DEX, a new sedative, also scavenged hydroxyl radicals. Thiopental scavenged all types of free radicals, including NO, whereas propofol did not scavenge superoxide radicals. In this retrospective analysis, we observed changes in oxidative antioxidant markers following the administration of thiopental in patients with severe head trauma. We identified the direct radical-scavenging activity of various sedatives used in clinical settings. Furthermore, we reported a representative case of traumatic brain injury wherein thiopental administration dramatically affected oxidative-stress-related biomarkers. This study suggests that, in the future, sedatives containing thiopental may be redeveloped as an antioxidant therapy through further clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Inoue
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Yuhei Ohtaki
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The Jikei University, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kazue Satoh
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Yuki Odanaka
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Akihito Katoh
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Yoshitake Tomita
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Manabu Eiraku
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Kazuki Kikuchi
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Kouhei Harano
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Masaharu Yagi
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
| | - Naoki Uchida
- Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, 6-11-11 Kitakarasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Dohi
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; (G.I.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The Jikei University, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Izumino H, Tajima G, Tasaki O, Inokuma T, Hatachi G, Takagi K, Miyazaki T, Matsumoto K, Tsuchiya T, Sato S, Nagayasu T. Balance of the prooxidant and antioxidant system is associated with mortality in critically ill patients. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:157-164. [PMID: 36936878 PMCID: PMC10017322 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that oxidative stress causes certain diseases and organ damage. However, roles of oxidative stress in the acute phase of critical patients remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the balance of oxidative and antioxidative system and to clarify the association between oxidative stress and mortality in critically ill patients. This cohort study enrolled 247 patients transported to our emergency department by ambulance. Blood was drawn on hospital arrival, and serum derivatives of reactive oxidant metabolites (dROMs, oxidative index) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP, antioxidative index) were measured. Modified ratio (MR) is also calculated as BAP/dROMs/7.51. There were 197 survivors and 50 non-survivors. In the non-survivors, dROMs were significantly lower (274 vs 311, p<0.01), BAP was significantly higher (2,853 vs 2,138, p<0.01), and MR was significantly higher (1.51 vs 0.92, p<0.01) compared to those in the survivors. The AUC of MR was similar to that for the APACHE II score. Contrary to our expectations, higher BAP and lower dROMs were observed on admission in non-survivors. This may suggest that the antioxidative system is more dominant in the acute phase of severe insults and that the balance toward a higher antioxidative system is associated with mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Izumino
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Goro Tajima
- Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Osamu Tasaki
- Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Inokuma
- Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Go Hatachi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsunori Takagi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Sato
- Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pipová Kokošová N, Kisková T, Vilhanová K, Štafuriková A, Jendželovský R, Račeková E, Šmajda B. Melatonin mitigates hippocampal and cognitive impairments caused by prenatal irradiation. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:3575-3594. [PMID: 31985866 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Formation of new neurons and glial cells in the brain is taking place in mammals not only during prenatal embryogenesis but also during adult life. As an enhancer of oxidative stress, ionizing radiation represents a potent inhibitor of neurogenesis and gliogenesis in the brain. It is known that the pineal hormone melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger and counteracts inflammation and apoptosis in brain injuries. The aim of our study was to establish the effects of melatonin on cells in the hippocampus and selected forms of behaviour in prenatally irradiated rats. The male progeny of irradiated (1 Gy of gamma rays; n = 38) and sham-irradiated mothers (n = 19), aged 3 weeks or 2 months, were used in the experiment. Melatonin was administered daily in drinking water (4 mg/kg b. w.) to a subset of animals from each age group. Prenatal irradiation markedly suppressed proliferative activity in the dentate gyrus in both age groups. Melatonin significantly increased the number of proliferative BrdU-positive cells in hilus of young irradiated animals, and the number of mature NeuN-positive neurons in hilus and granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus in these rats and in CA1 region of adult irradiated rats. Moreover, melatonin significantly improved the spatial memory impaired by irradiation, assessed in Morris water maze. A significant correlation between the number of proliferative cells and cognitive performances was found, too. Our study indicates that melatonin may decrease the loss of hippocampal neurons in the CA1 region and improve cognitive abilities after irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Pipová Kokošová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Terézia Kisková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Vilhanová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Štafuriková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Rastislav Jendželovský
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Enikő Račeková
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Beňadik Šmajda
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pathology and Prevention of Secondary Brain Injury for Neurocritical Care Physicians. Neurocrit Care 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7272-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
5
|
D'Arena G, Seneca E, Migliaccio I, De Feo V, Giudice A, La Rocca F, Capunzo M, Calapai G, Festa A, Caraglia M, Musto P, Iorio EL, Ruggieri V. Oxidative stress in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: still a matter of debate. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:867-875. [PMID: 30234409 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1509317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a large body of evidence showing a strong correlation between carcinogenesis of several types of human tumors, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and oxidative stress (OS). The mechanisms by which OS may promote cancer pathogenesis have not been completely deciphered yet and, in CLL, as in other neoplasms, whether OS is a primary cause or simply a downstream effect of the disease is still an open question. It has been demonstrated that, in CLL, OS concomitantly results from increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mainly ascribable to CLL cells mitochondrial activity, and impaired antioxidant defenses. Interestingly, OS evaluation in CLL patients, at diagnosis, seems to have a prognostic significance, thus getting new insights in the biological comprehension of the disease with potential therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni D'Arena
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Elisa Seneca
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Ilaria Migliaccio
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- b Pharmacology Department , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Aldo Giudice
- c Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale , Napoli , Italy
| | - Francesco La Rocca
- d Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Mario Capunzo
- e Department of Medicine and Surgery , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- f Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Sciences , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Agostino Festa
- g Department of Biochimics, Biophysics and General Pathology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- g Department of Biochimics, Biophysics and General Pathology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- h Scientific Direction, IRCCS-CROB , Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | | | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- d Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dohi K, Satoh K, Miyamoto K, Momma S, Fukuda K, Higuchi R, Ohtaki H, Banks WA. Molecular hydrogen in the treatment of acute and chronic neurological conditions: mechanisms of protection and routes of administration. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 61:1-5. [PMID: 28751802 PMCID: PMC5525017 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species is considered a major mediator of tissue and cell injuries in various neuronal conditions, including neurological emergencies and neurodegenerative diseases. Molecular hydrogen is well characterized as a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. Recently, the neuroprotective effects of treatment with molecular hydrogen have been reported in both basic and clinical settings. Here, we review the effects of hydrogen therapy in acute neuronal conditions and neurodegenerative diseases. Hydrogen therapy administered in drinking water may be useful for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases and for reducing the symptoms of acute neuronal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Dohi
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Rm 810A, Bldg 1 VAPSHCS/GRECC S-182, 1660 S, Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Kazue Satoh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Miyamoto
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Shusuke Momma
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Fukuda
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ryo Higuchi
- Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohtaki
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Williams A Banks
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Rm 810A, Bldg 1 VAPSHCS/GRECC S-182, 1660 S, Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Korenaga M, Nishina S, Korenaga K, Tomiyama Y, Yoshioka N, Hara Y, Sasaki Y, Shimonaka Y, Hino K. Branched-chain amino acids reduce hepatic iron accumulation and oxidative stress in hepatitis C virus polyprotein-expressing mice. Liver Int 2015; 35:1303-14. [PMID: 25156780 PMCID: PMC4409847 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) reduce the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis. However, the mechanisms that underlie these effects remain unknown. Previously, we reported that oxidative stress in male transgenic mice that expressed hepatitis C virus polyprotein (HCVTgM) caused hepatic iron accumulation by reducing hepcidin transcription, thereby leading to HCC development. This study investigated whether long-term treatment with BCAA reduced hepatic iron accumulation and oxidative stress in iron-overloaded HCVTgM and in patients with HCV-related advanced fibrosis. METHODS Male HCVTgM were fed an excess-iron diet that comprised either casein or 3.0% BCAA, or a control diet, for 6 months. RESULTS For HCVTgM, BCAA supplementation increased the serum hepcidin-25 levels and antioxidant status [ratio of biological antioxidant potential (BAP) relative to derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (dROM)], decreased the hepatic iron contents, attenuated reactive oxygen species generation, and restored mitochondrial superoxide dismutase expression and mitochondrial complex I activity in the liver compared with mice fed the control diet. After 48 weeks of BCAA supplementation in patients with HCV-related advanced fibrosis, BAP/dROM and serum hepcidin-25 increased and serum ferritin decreased compared with the pretreatment levels. CONCLUSIONS BCAA supplementation reduced oxidative stress by restoring mitochondrial function and improved iron metabolism by increasing hepcidin-25 in both iron-overloaded HCVTgM and patients with HCV-related advanced fibrosis. These activities of BCAA may partially account for their inhibitory effects on HCC development in cirrhosis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Korenaga
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan,The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM)Chiba, Japan,Correspondence Masaaki Korenaga MD, PhD,The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), 1-7-1 Kohnodai, Ichikawa Chiba, Japan, Tel: 81 47 372 3501, Fax: 81 47 375 4766, e-mail:
| | - Sohji Nishina
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan
| | - Keiko Korenaga
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tomiyama
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshioka
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hara
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sasaki
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimonaka
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hino
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Status of systemic oxidative stress during therapeutic hypothermia in patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:562429. [PMID: 24066191 PMCID: PMC3770059 DOI: 10.1155/2013/562429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is thought to be due to the downregulation of free radical production, although the details of this process remain unclear. Here, we investigate changes in oxidative stress and endogenous biological antioxidant potential during TH in patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). Nineteen PCAS patients were enrolled in the study. Brain temperature was decreased to the target temperature of 33°C, and it was maintained for 24 h. Patients were rewarmed slowly (0.1°C/h, <1°C/day). The generation of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) was evaluated in plasma samples by d-ROM test. Plasma antioxidant capacity was measured by the biological antioxidant potential (BAP) test. Levels of d-ROMs and BAP levels during the hypothermic stage (33°C) were suppressed significantly compared with pre-TH induction levels (P < 0.05), while both d-ROM and BAP levels increased with rewarming (33-36°C) and were correlated with brain temperature. Clinical monitoring of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential is useful for evaluating the redox state of patients undergoing TH after PCAS. Additional therapy to support the antioxidant potential in the rewarming stage following TH may reduce some of the observed side effects associated with the use of TH.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chaudhuri P. Edaravon: Caution for use in traumatic brain injury. Experience in 127 patients. INDIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnt.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
11
|
Therapeutic time window for edaravone treatment of traumatic brain injury in mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:379206. [PMID: 23710445 PMCID: PMC3654699 DOI: 10.1155/2013/379206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in young people. No effective therapy is available to ameliorate its damaging effects. Our aim was to investigate the optimal therapeutic time window of edaravone, a free radical scavenger which is currently used in Japan. We also determined the temporal profile of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative stress, and neuronal death. Male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to a controlled cortical impact (CCI). Edaravone (3.0 mg/kg), or vehicle, was administered intravenously at 0, 3, or 6 hours following CCI. The production of superoxide radicals (O2∙−) as a marker of ROS, of nitrotyrosine (NT) as an indicator of oxidative stress, and neuronal death were measured for 24 hours following CCI. Superoxide radical production was clearly evident 3 hours after CCI, with oxidative stress and neuronal cell death becoming apparent after 6 hours. Edaravone administration after CCI resulted in a significant reduction in the injury volume and oxidative stress, particularly at the 3-hour time point. Moreover, the greatest decrease in O2∙− levels was observed when edaravone was administered 3 hours following CCI. These findings suggest that edaravone could prove clinically useful to ameliorate the devastating effects of TBI.
Collapse
|
12
|
Edaravone increases regional cerebral blood flow after traumatic brain injury in mice. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2013; 118:103-9. [PMID: 23564113 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of preventable death and serious morbidity, with subsequent low cerebral blood flow (CBF) considered to be associated with poor prognosis. In the present study, we demonstrated the effect of the free radical scavenger edaravone on regional CBF (rCBF) after TBI. Male mice (C57/BL6) were subjected to TBI using a controlled cortical impactor device. Immediately after TBI, the animals were intravenously administered 3.0 mg/kg of edaravone or a vehicle saline solution. Two-dimensional rCBF images were acquired before and 24 h post-TBI, and were quantified in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres (n = 5 animals per group). CBF in the vehicle-treated animals decreased broadly over the ipsilateral hemisphere, with the region of low rCBF spreading from the frontal cortex to the occipital lobe. The zone of lowest rCBF matched that of the contusion area. The mean rCBF at 24 h for a defined elliptical region between the bregma and lambda was 73.7 ± 5.8 %. In comparison, the reduction of rCBF in edaravone-treated animals was significantly attenuated (93.4 ± 5.7 %, p < 0.05). The edaravone-treated animals also exhibited higher rCBF in the contralateral hemisphere compared with that seen in -vehicle-treated animals. It is suggested that edaravone reduces neuronal damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by maintaining intact the autoregulation of the cerebral vasculature.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang GH, Jiang ZL, Li YC, Li X, Shi H, Gao YQ, Vosler PS, Chen J. Free-radical scavenger edaravone treatment confers neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurotrauma 2011; 28:2123-34. [PMID: 21732763 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of neurological disability in young adults. Edaravone, a novel synthetic small-molecule free-radical scavenger, has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in both animal models of cerebral ischemia and stroke patients; however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this report, we investigated the potential mechanisms of edaravone treatment in a rat model of TBI. TBI was induced in the right cerebral cortex of male adult rats using Feeney's weight-drop method. Edaravone (0.75, 1.5, or 3 mg/kg) or vehicle (normal saline) was intravenously administered at 2 and 12 h after TBI. Edaravone treatment significantly decreased hippocampal CA3 neuron loss, reduced oxidative stress, and decreased neuronal programmed cell death compared to vehicle treatment. The protective effects of edaravone treatment were also related to the pathology of TBI on non-neuronal cells, as edaravone decreased astrocyte and glial activation. Lastly, edaravone treatment significantly reduced the presence of inflammatory cytokines, cerebral edema, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and, importantly, neurological deficits following TBI. Our results suggest that edaravone exerts a neuroprotective effect in the rat model of TBI. The likely mechanism is via inhibiting oxidative stress, leading to a decreased inflammatory response and glial activation, and thereby reducing neuronal death and improving neurological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Wang
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kikuchi K, Kawahara KI, Uchikado H, Miyagi N, Kuramoto T, Miyagi T, Morimoto Y, Ito T, Tancharoen S, Miura N, Takenouchi K, Oyama Y, Shrestha B, Matsuda F, Yoshida Y, Arimura S, Mera K, Tada KI, Yoshinaga N, Maenosono R, Ohno Y, Hashiguchi T, Maruyama I, Shigemori M. Potential of edaravone for neuroprotection in neurologic diseases that do not involve cerebral infarction. Exp Ther Med 2011; 2:771-775. [PMID: 22977573 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2011.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Edaravone was originally developed as a potent free radical scavenger and has been widely used to treat cerebral infarction in Japan since 2001. Several free radical scavengers have been developed and some of them have progressed to clinical trials for the treatment of cerebral infarction. One such scavenger, edaravone, has been approved by the regulatory authority in Japan for the treatment of patients with cerebral infarction. Of particular interest is the ability of edaravone to diffuse into the central nervous system in various neurologic diseases. Aside from its hydroxyl radical scavenging effect, edaravone has been found to have beneficial effects on inflammation, matrix metalloproteinases, nitric oxide production and apoptotic cell death. Concordantly, edaravone has been found to have neuroprotective effects in a number of animal models of disease, including stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors. The proven safety of edaravone following 9 years of use as a free radical scavenger suggests that it may have potential for development into an effective treatment of multiple neurologic conditions in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yame Public General Hospital, Yame 834-0034
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lai ME, Vacquer S, Carta MP, Spiga A, Cocco P, Abete C, Dessì S, Mandas A. Evidence for a proatherogenic biochemical phenotype in beta thalassemia minor and intermedia. Acta Haematol 2011; 126:87-94. [PMID: 21576933 DOI: 10.1159/000327252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to focus on pathophysiological mechanisms linking β-thalassemia intermedia (β-TI) and minor (β-TMI) with cardiovascular risk. Iron status, prooxidant-antioxidant balance and lipid profiles in serum, and lipid content in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated in 20 β-TMI subjects, 22 β-TI patients and in 30 nonthalassemic blood donors. The mRNA levels of some genes involved in the regulation of iron and cholesterol metabolism were also determined. In β-TI and in β-TMI, serum iron, prooxidant-antioxidant ratio, transferrin saturation and erythropoietin levels were higher, while transferrin and hepcidin were lower compared to controls. Hepcidin and interleukin-1α mRNA levels were found to be reduced in β-TI- and β-TMI-PBMCs, while those of tumor necrosis factor alpha were increased. A reduction in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum and an accumulation of neutral lipids coupled with increased mRNA levels of acetyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase and decreased neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase in PBMCs were also observed in β-TI and β-TMI compared to controls. Taken together, these findings provide experimental support for the idea that not only β-TI patients but also β-TMI have a proatherogenic biochemical phenotype which may contribute to increase their cardiovascular disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eliana Lai
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pan YH, Wang YC, Zhang LM, Duan SR. Protective effect of edaravone against PrP106-126-induced PC12 cell death. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2010; 24:235-41. [PMID: 20806394 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The prion protein peptide PrP106-126 induces cell apoptosis through mechanisms involving production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. The present study investigated the effects of edaravone, a potent free radical scavenger in clinical use, on cell cytotoxicity induced by PrP106-126. Results showed that PrP106-126 decreased PC12 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Edaravone significantly antagonized the cytotoxic effects of PrP106-126. Mechanistically, PrP106-126 decreased PC 12 intracellular glutathione (GSH) concentrations, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, increased concentrations of the oxidation end product malondialdehyde (MDA), depolarized the mitochondrial membrane, and increased caspase-3 activity. Edaravone alone did not affect GSH, SOD, or MDA but did effectively reverse all of the intracellular prooxidant effects induced by PrP106-126 and inhibit induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. In conclusion, edaravone may be a viable candidate for the treatment of oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Pan
- Department of Neurology, First Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dohi K, Ohtaki H, Nakamachi T, Yofu S, Satoh K, Miyamoto K, Song D, Tsunawaki S, Shioda S, Aruga T. Gp91phox (NOX2) in classically activated microglia exacerbates traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7:41. [PMID: 20659322 PMCID: PMC2917406 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-7-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We hypothesized that gp91phox (NOX2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, generates superoxide anion (O2-) and has a major causative role in traumatic brain injury (TBI). To evaluate the functional role of gp91phox and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on TBI, we carried out controlled cortical impact in gp91phox knockout mice (gp91phox-/-). We also used a microglial cell line to determine the activated cell phenotype that contributes to gp91phox generation. Methods Unilateral TBI was induced in gp91phox-/- and wild-type (Wt) mice (C57/B6J) (25-30 g). The expression and roles of gp91phox after TBI were investigated using immunoblotting and staining techniques. Levels of O2- and peroxynitrite were determined in situ in the mouse brain. The activated phenotype in microglia that expressed gp91phox was determined in a microglial cell line, BV-2, in the presence of IFNγ or IL-4. Results Gp91phox expression increased mainly in amoeboid-shaped microglial cells of the ipsilateral hemisphere of Wt mice after TBI. The contusion area, number of TUNEL-positive cells, and amount of O2- and peroxynitrite metabolites produced were less in gp91phox-/- mice than in Wt. In the presence of IFNγ, BV-2 cells had increased inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide levels, consistent with a classical activated phenotype, and drastically increased expression of gp91phox. Conclusions Classical activated microglia promote ROS formation through gp91phox and have an important role in brain damage following TBI. Modulating gp91phox and gp91phox -derived ROS may provide a new therapeutic strategy in combating post-traumatic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Dohi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dohi K, Satoh K, Nakamachi T, Ohtaki H, Yofu S, Nakamura S, Shioda S, Aruga T. Novel free radical monitoring in patients with neurological emergency diseases. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2010; 106:315-319. [PMID: 19812971 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress has important roles in various neuronal conditions. Stroke and traumatic brain injury are also related to oxidative stress. However few studies prove the existence of free radicals in humans because they are difficult to measure. We recently developed a technique for free radical and oxidative stress monitoring using the ex vivo electron spin resonance (ESR) spin trapping method in patients with neuroemergency. Blood samples were collected by catheterization of the internal jugular bulb. The alkoxyl radical level was measured by ex vivo ESR spectrometry using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (Dojin Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) as a spin trap. Electron spin response detection of the spin adduct was performed at room temperature using a JESREIX X-band spectrometer (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). As a marker of reactive oxygen species, we also used the diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites test (d-ROM). This method is not invasive for patients, and it is technically easy to execute.Oxidative stress monitoring is useful and may prove valuable for clarifying the pathophysiology of neuroemergency diseases, which has long been hampered by technical difficulties in measuring and monitoring oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Dohi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mori H, Nakamachi T, Ohtaki H, Yofu S, Sato A, Endo K, Iso Y, Suzuki H, Takeyama Y, Shintani N, Hashimoto H, Baba A, Shioda S. Cardioprotective Effect of Endogenous Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Mice. Circ J 2010; 74:1183-90. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Mori
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Tomoya Nakamachi
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
- Center for Biotechnology, Showa University
| | - Hirokazu Ohtaki
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Sachiko Yofu
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Kimi Endo
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshitaka Iso
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Youichi Takeyama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Norihito Shintani
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Akemichi Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Seiji Shioda
- Department of First Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mandas A, Iorio EL, Congiu MG, Balestrieri C, Mereu A, Cau D, Dessì S, Curreli N. Oxidative imbalance in HIV-1 infected patients treated with antiretroviral therapy. J Biomed Biotechnol 2009; 2009:749575. [PMID: 19884983 PMCID: PMC2768042 DOI: 10.1155/2009/749575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Revised: 07/19/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that oxidative stress is involved in HIV infection. However, the role in oxidative balance of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is still debated. In our study we assessed serum oxidant and antioxidant levels in an HIV-1-infected population treated with HAART, and compared them with those of untreated HIV-1 patients and HIV-1-negative subjects. The study included 116 HIV-1-infected patients (86 HAART-treated and 30 untreated), and 46 HIV-negative controls. Serum oxidant levels were significantly higher in the HIV-1 treated group as compared to untreated and control groups. In addition, a decrease of serum total antioxidant status was observed in the HIV-1 treated group. To be noted is that patients who rigorously follow antiretroviral therapy (optimal HAART adherence) have significantly higher oxidative status than those who do not closely follow the therapy (poor HAART adherence). Analysis of variance revealed no significant further increase in oxidative status in HIV-1-infected patients taking antiretroviral and other drugs with the exception of psychiatric drugs (e.g. anxiolytics or antidepressants). Taken together, our results indicate that HAART may affect oxidative stress in HIV-1-infected patients and suggest that antiretroviral therapy plays an important role in the synergy of HIV infection and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Mandas
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Eugenio Luigi Iorio
- International Observatory of Oxidative Stress, Free Radicals and Antioxidant Systems, Via Paolo Grisignano 21, 84127 Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Congiu
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Cinzia Balestrieri
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonello Mereu
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Cau
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Sandra Dessì
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Curreli
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Division of Biochemistry, University of Cagliari, SS 554 Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kikuchi K, Kawahara KI, Tancharoen S, Matsuda F, Morimoto Y, Ito T, Biswas KK, Takenouchi K, Miura N, Oyama Y, Nawa Y, Arimura N, Iwata M, Tajima Y, Kuramoto T, Nakayama K, Shigemori M, Yoshida Y, Hashiguchi T, Maruyama I. The Free Radical Scavenger Edaravone Rescues Rats from Cerebral Infarction by Attenuating the Release of High-Mobility Group Box-1 in Neuronal Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 329:865-74. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.149484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
22
|
Li CT, Zhang WP, Lu YB, Fang SH, Yuan YM, Qi LL, Zhang LH, Huang XJ, Zhang L, Chen Z, Wei EQ. Oxygen-glucose deprivation activates 5-lipoxygenase mediated by oxidative stress through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in PC12 cells. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:991-1001. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
23
|
Gong P, Zhang Y, Song ZJ. Protective effects of edaravone on rats with severe acute pancreatitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:31-35. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of edaravone on rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) induced by L-arginine.
METHODS: A total of 60 rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups, namely control group, SAP model group and edaravone treatment group (n = 20). A SAP model was established by injecting intraperitoneally with L-arginine at a dose of 2.5 g/kg twice at an interval of 1 h, and injecting intravenously with edaravone 3 mg/kg, bid × 3 d (edaravone treatment group). The characteristics and volume of ascites, the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and the serum levels of amylase (AMY), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) in pancreatic tissue of rats and prognosis were compared after 72 h following administration of L-arginine.
RESULTS: Compared with control group, 72 h after administration of L-arginine, SAP model group showed typical histopathological changes of SAP, elevated the volume of ascites (5.16 ± 1.52 vs 0.50 ± 0.10, P < 0.01), and significantly higher serum levels of AMY, TNF-α, IL-6 and content of MDA of pancreatic tissue (8967.5 ± 298.4 vs 720.1 ± 119.7I; 103.98 ± 10.56 vs 41.59 ± 3.79; 548.57 ± 10.45 vs 198.34 ± 2.10; 35.6 ± 3.8 vs 7.9 ± 2.2, all P < 0.01), and lower GSH and SOD in pancreatic tissue (7.2 ± 0.6 vs 17.1 ± 2.1; 7300 ± 1800 vs 28 400 ± 2700, both P < 0.01). Compared with SAP model group, 72 h after administration of L-arginine, significantly alleviated pathological lesions of SAP, decreased volume of ascites (4.05 ± 1.22 vs 53.16 ± 1.52, P < 0.05), lower pathological scores (P < 0.05), lower serum levels of AMY, TNF-α, IL-6 and MDA in pancreatic tissue (7809.5 ± 158.3 vs 8967.5 ± 298.4; 79.80 ± 14.23 vs 103.98 ± 10.56; 467 ± 6.64 vs548.57 ± 10.45; 29.1 ± 2.6 vs 35.6 ± 3.8, all P < 0.05), and higher GSH and SOD in pancreatic tissue were observed in edaravone treatment group (8.7 ± 1.3 vs 7.2 ± 0.6; 114 000 ± 27 000 vs 7300 ± 1800, both P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Edaravone can scavenge oxygen-derived free radicals, upgrade the contents of SOD and GSH in pancreatic tissue, decrease the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and, ameliorate the pathological lesions of pancreatic tissue in rats, and has a possibility of decreasing death rate.
Collapse
|
24
|
Neuroprotective effects of edaravone, a free radical scavenger, on the rat hippocampus after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Seizure 2009; 18:71-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2008] [Revised: 06/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
25
|
Yuan WJ, Yasuhara T, Shingo T, Muraoka K, Agari T, Kameda M, Uozumi T, Tajiri N, Morimoto T, Jing M, Baba T, Wang F, Leung H, Matsui T, Miyoshi Y, Date I. Neuroprotective effects of edaravone-administration on 6-OHDA-treated dopaminergic neurons. BMC Neurosci 2008; 9:75. [PMID: 18671880 PMCID: PMC2533664 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-9-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic systems. Free radicals induced by oxidative stress are involved in the mechanisms of cell death in PD. This study clarifies the neuroprotective effects of edaravone (MCI-186, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one), which has already been used for the treatment of cerebral ischemia in Japan, on TH-positive dopaminergic neurons using PD model both in vitro and in vivo. 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a neurotoxin for dopaminergic neurons, was added to cultured dopaminergic neurons derived from murine embryonal ventral mesencephalon with subsequet administration of edaravone or saline. The number of surviving TH-positive neurons and the degree of cell damage induced by free radicals were analyzed. In parallel, edaravone or saline was intravenously administered for PD model of rats receiving intrastriatal 6-OHDA lesion with subsequent behavioral and histological analyses. Results In vitro study showed that edaravone significantly ameliorated the survival of TH-positive neurons in a dose-responsive manner. The number of apoptotic cells and HEt-positive cells significantly decreased, thus indicating that the neuroprotective effects of edaravone might be mediated by anti-apoptotic effects through the suppression of free radicals by edaravone. In vivo study demonstrated that edaravone-administration at 30 minutes after 6-OHDA lesion reduced the number of amphetamine-induced rotations significantly than edaravone-administration at 24 hours. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining of the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta revealed that edaravone might exert neuroprotective effects on nigrostriatal dopaminergic systems. The neuroprotective effects were prominent when edaravone was administered early and in high concentration. TUNEL, HEt and Iba-1 staining in vivo might demonstrate the involvement of anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of edaravone-administration. Conclusion Edaravone exerts neuroprotective effects on PD model both in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanisms might be involved in the anti-apoptotic effects, anti-oxidative effects, and/or anti-inflammatory effects of edaravone. Edaravone might be a hopeful therapeutic option for PD, although the high therapeutic dosage remains to be solved for the clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ji Yuan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|