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Li M, Xue Y, Chi L, Jin L. Heparin Oligosaccharides as Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Inhibitors via their Binding Process Characterization. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:480-491. [PMID: 38284716 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037287189240122110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proven that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was involved in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Cardin et al. found that by an alanine scan, the heparin- binding site on VIP was exactly the same sequence in VIP and its receptor. Therefore, heparin could competitively block the binding of VIP and its receptor. However, the structure-activity relationship between heparin and VIP has not been reported, especially in terms of the sequence and sulfation patterns of heparin oligosaccharides upon binding to VIP. OBJECTIVE A variety of experiments were designed to study the binding process and structure-activity relationship between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP. METHODS Heparin was enzymatically digested and purified to produce heparin oligosaccharides, and the structures were characterized by NMR. The binding capacity between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP was analyzed by GMSA and ITC experiments. The binding between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP was simulated using a molecular docking program to show the complex. ELISA assay was used to investigate the effect of non-anticoagulant heparin oligosaccharides on the VIP-mediated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in vitro. RESULTS The results indicated that both the length and the sulfation pattern of heparin oligosaccharides affected its binding to VIP. VIP could induce the expression of cAMP at a higher level in PC3 cells, which could be regulated by the interaction of heparin oligosaccharides and VIP. CONCLUSION The binding between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP could block the binding between VIP and its receptor on tumor cells. Downloading the regulation of the expression level of cAMP could possibly further affect the subsequent activation of PKA. These non-anticoagulant heparin oligosaccharides may block the VIP-mediated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and thus exert their antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lianli Chi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lan Jin
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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Lü P, Qiu S, Pan Y, Shi S, Yu Q, Yu F, Miao L, Wang H, Chen K. Discovery of an Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor Domain Antibody from a Phage Library and Analysis of Its Inhibitory Effects in SKOV3 Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:572-579. [PMID: 34529926 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor (HB-EGF), which binds to the EGF receptor, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammation in various diseases. HB-EGF mediates the progression of ovarian cancer and is associated with disease prognosis. Thus, a specific humanized antibody to HB-EGF with high affinity is important. Methods: In this study, a humanized domain antibody (VH) against HB-EGF was discovered through phage display technology. The domain antibody was expressed in HB2151 cells and purified from the supernatant using protein L, and were used to test the its effect in invasion and migration of ovarian cancer SKOV3. Results: A domain antibody against HB-EGF was discovered, with a dissociation constant of ∼30 nM. Functional assays indicated that the domain antibody inhibited the functions of HB-EGF in promoting invasion and migration of SKOV3 cells. Conclusions: The selected domain antibody is a potential tool for developing novel drugs or therapies to combat ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lü
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Songlin Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ye Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shenyan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Feng Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Huiying Wang
- Jiangsu Well Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changzhou, China
| | - Keping Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Serum Concentration of Selected Angiogenesis-Related Molecules Differs among Molecular Subtypes, Body Mass Index and Menopausal Status in Breast Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144079. [PMID: 35887839 PMCID: PMC9323050 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is a hallmark of breast cancer (BC) and is mediated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling axis. It is regulated by different proangiogenic factors, including platelet-derived growth factor-CC (PDGF-CC) and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), as well as co-receptors, such as neuropilin-1, which could have prognostic implications in BC patients. Patients and methods: We assessed the serum levels of VEGF, HB-EGF, PDGF-CC and neuropilin-1 in 205 patients with early BC (invasive, n = 187; in situ, n = 18) and in 31 healthy donors (HD) and investigated the potential associations with clinical and histopathological parameters. Results: VEGF serum levels were significantly higher in patients with invasive versus ductal carcinomas in situ. PDGF-CC serum concentrations varied among BC molecular subtypes. Furthermore, we observed a differential expression of most biomarkers between overweight/obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2) and non-obese patients among the BC molecular subtypes. Finally, the classification of subjects according to menopausal status revealed a significant difference in specific biomarker levels between patients and HD. Conclusion: The serum concentrations of angiogenic molecules differ among breast cancer molecular subtypes and are affected by the BMI and menopausal status, which could have possible clinical or prognostic implications.
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Fan XM, Huang JY, Ling XM, Wei W, Su WB, Zhang YW. A Highly Active Chondroitin Sulfate Lyase ABC for Enzymatic Depolymerization of Chondroitin Sulfate. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091770. [PMID: 35566938 PMCID: PMC9100776 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic preparation of low-molecular-weight chondroitin sulfate (LMWCS) has received increasing attention. In this work, a chondroitin sulfate lyase ABC (Chon-ABC) was successfully cloned, expressed, and characterized. The Km and Vmax of the Chon-ABC were 0.54 mM and 541.3 U mg−1, respectively. The maximal activity was assayed as 500.4 U mg−1 at 37 °C in pH 8.0 phosphate buffer saline. The half-lives of the Chon-ABC were 133 d and 127 min at 4 °C and 37 °C, respectively. Enzymatic preparation of LMWCS was performed at room temperature for 30 min. The changes between the substrate and product were analyzed with mass spectrometry (MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Overall, the Chon-ABC from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is competitive in large-scale enzymatic preparation of LMWCS for its high activity, stability, and substrate specificity.
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Ribatti D, Annese T, Tamma R. Controversial role of mast cells in breast cancer tumor progression and angiogenesis. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 21:486-491. [PMID: 34580034 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a neoplastic disease and is a cause of cancer-related mortality for women. Among cellular and molecular regulators of the microenvironment, mast cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are correlated with tumor progression and prognosis in breast cancer. Clinical and experimental studies on breast cancer have revealed a marked correlation between increased angiogenesis, metastasization, and poorer prognosis. After a brief introduction on angiogenesis evidence and angiogenic factors role in different breast cancer subtypes, in this article, we have discerned the relationship between mast cell infiltration, angiogenesis, and tumor progression in human breast cancer with particular reference to the dual role of mast cells, in terms of both pro- or anti-tumoral activity and poor or good biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Association between SNAP25 and human glioblastoma multiform: a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:224371. [PMID: 32412599 PMCID: PMC7284326 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a most common aggressive malignant brain tumor. In recent years, targeted therapy has been increasingly applied in GBM treatment. Methods: In the present study, GSE22866 was downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO). The genomic and clinical data were obtained from TCGA. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functional analysis was performed using clusterprofiler. Then, the co-expression network for the DEGs was established using the “WGCNA” package. Next, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) was assessed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) and hub modules in Cytoscape were screened. The Venn diagram was plotted to showcase the overlapped hub DEGs in PPI network and TCGA. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to predict the risk score of each patient. Validations of the hub gene were completed in other databases. Results: Functional analysis of the DEGs verified the involvement of DEGs in growth factor binding and gated channel activity. Among the 10 GBM-related modules, the red one displayed the strongest tie with GBM. VAMP2 was filtered out as the most intimate protein. The PPI network and TCGA were comprehensively analyzed. Finally, SNAP25 was identified as a real hub gene positively correlated with GBM prognosis. The result was validated by GEPIA, ONCOMINE database and qRT-PCR. Conclusions: SNAP25 might act as a GBM suppressor and a biomarker in GBM treatment.
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Liu CY, Su WB, Guo LB, Zhang YW. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel heparinase I from Bacteroides eggerthii. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:477-485. [PMID: 31900079 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1709977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Heparinase I (Hep I) specifically degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide and has been widely used in preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). In this work, a novel Hep I from Bacteroides eggerthii VPI T5-42B-1 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The enzyme has specific activity of 480 IU·mg-1 at the optimal temperature and pH of 30 °C and pH 7.5, and the Km and Vmax were 3.6 mg·mL-1 and 647.93 U·mg-1, respectively. The Hep I has good stability with t1/2 values of 350 and 60 min at 30 and 37 °C, respectively. And it showed a residual relative activity of 70.8% after 21 days incubation at 4 °C. Substrate docking study revealed that Lys99, Arg101, Gln241, Lys270, Asn275, and Lys292 were mainly involved in the substrate binding of Hep I. The shorter hydrogen bonds formed between heparin and these residues suggested the higher specific activity of BeHep I. And the minimum conformational entropy value of 756 J·K-1 provides an evidence for the improved stability of this enzyme. This Hep I could be of interest in the industrial preparation of LMWH for its high specific activity and good stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Su
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Bin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Wang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Agarwal M, Mondal T, Bose B. Peptides derived from a short stretch of diphtheria toxin bind to heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor. Toxicon 2019; 169:109-116. [PMID: 31494209 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-anchored heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is the receptor for diphtheria toxin (DT). Mutated or truncated, non-toxic DT has been used earlier for HB-EGF-targeted drug delivery and to modulate HB-EGF signaling. In the present work, we have synthesized a peptide corresponding to a 26 amino acid long stretch of the receptor-binding domain of DT. This region of DT makes multiple contacts with HB-EGF and has residues critical for binding to HB-EGF. We show that this peptide and two of its mutants bind to HB-EGF. We have also created recombinant proteins by fusing Maltose-binding Protein (MBP) with these peptides. These recombinant MBP-tagged peptides bind to HB-EGF with affinities in the range of 10-7 to 10-8 M. We have observed that these MBP-tagged peptides can modulate molecular signaling of HB-EGF. Therefore, this 26 amino acid long stretch of DT can be considered as an independent functional segment for binding to HB-EGF. Peptides corresponding to this region may be used for HB-EGF targeted cellular delivery of molecular cargo or to modulate HB-EGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Agarwal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India; Current Address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Tanmay Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India
| | - Biplab Bose
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India.
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Saavedra D, Neninger E, Rodriguez C, Viada C, Mazorra Z, Lage A, Crombet T. CIMAvax-EGF: Toward long-term survival of advanced NSCLC. Semin Oncol 2018; 45:34-40. [PMID: 30318082 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histologic type of lung cancer. Medical and scientific progress has led to longer survival in an increasing number of patients suffering from cancer. Concerning patients with advanced NSCLC, there is a subgroup with long-term survival. The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family plays a key role in tumor development. This cluster of genes is associated with augmented angiogenesis and enhanced proliferation, survival, and migration of tumor cells. The CIMAvax-EGF vaccine consists of a chemical conjugate of the EGF with the P64 protein derived from the Meningitis B bacteria and the Montanide ISA 51, as adjuvant. The vaccine induces antibodies against EGF that results in EGF withdrawal. CIMAvax-EGF has been demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in advanced NSCLC patients. Here we summarize the current knowledge of the mechanism of action of CIMAvax-EGF, highlighting the impact of this anti-EGF-based vaccine on the long-term survival of advanced NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danay Saavedra
- Clinical Immunology Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba.
| | | | - Camilo Rodriguez
- Clinical Immunology Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Carmen Viada
- Clinical Immunology Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Zaima Mazorra
- Clinical Immunology Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Agustin Lage
- Clinical Immunology Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Tania Crombet
- Clinical Immunology Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
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Hewei Z, Shuran M, Tian T, Ya X, Dandan Z, Tong W, Chunying H, Shujing Z. Inhibitory effect of Sumu (Lignum Sappan) plus Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata) on a lung carcinoma model. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Necessity of translocation domain for realisation of cytostatic effect of non-toxic derivatives of diphtheria toxin. BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/biotech11.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Cimpean AM, Tamma R, Ruggieri S, Nico B, Toma A, Ribatti D. Mast cells in breast cancer angiogenesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 115:23-26. [PMID: 28602166 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells, accumulate in the stroma surrounding certain tumors and take part to the inflammatory reaction occurring at the periphery of the tumor. Mast cell-secreted angiogenic cytokines facilitate tumor vascularization not only by a direct effect but also by stimulating other inflammatory cells of the tumor microenvironment to release other angiogenic mediators. An increased number of mast cells have been demonstrated in angiogenesis associated with solid tumors, including breast cancer. Mast cells might act as a new target for the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer through the selective inhibition of angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and tumor promoting molecules, allowing the secretion of cytotoxic cytokines and preventing mast cell mediated immune-suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy,; National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Ruggieri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Nico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Alina Toma
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy,; National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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