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Zanghellini B, Zechmann N, Baurecht D, Grünewald TA, Burghammer M, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Leithner A, Davydok A, Lichtenegger H. Multimodal analysis and comparison of stoichiometric and structural characteristics of parosteal and conventional osteosarcoma with massive sclerosis in human bone. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108106. [PMID: 38871094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in humans and occurs in various subtypes. Tumor formation happens through malignant osteoblasts producing immature bone. In the present paper we studied two different subtypes of osteosarcoma, from one individual with conventional OS with massive sclerosis and one individual with parosteal OS, based on a multimodal approach including small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), wide angle x-ray diffraction (WAXS), backscattered electron imaging (BEI) and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that both tumors showed reduced mineral particle sizes and degree of orientation of the collagen-mineral composite in the affected areas, alongside with a decreased crystallinity. Distinct differences between the tumor material from the two individuals were found in the degree of mineralization. Further differences were observed in the carbonate to phosphate ratio, which is related to the degree of carbonate substitution in bone mineral and indicative of the turnover rate. The contraction of the c-axis of the bone mineral crystals proved to be a further, very sensitive parameter, potentially indicative of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Zechmann
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Dieter Baurecht
- Instiute of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Tilman A Grünewald
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Anton Davydok
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helga Lichtenegger
- Institute of Physics and Material Science, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria.
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2
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Barba-Rosado LV, Carrascal-Hernández DC, Insuasty D, Grande-Tovar CD. Graphene Oxide (GO) for the Treatment of Bone Cancer: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:186. [PMID: 38251150 PMCID: PMC10820493 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe disease that, in 2022, caused more than 9.89 million deaths worldwide. One worrisome type of cancer is bone cancer, such as osteosarcoma and Ewing tumors, which occur more frequently in infants. This study shows an active interest in the use of graphene oxide and its derivatives in therapy against bone cancer. We present a systematic review analyzing the current state of the art related to the use of GO in treating osteosarcoma, through evaluating the existing literature. In this sense, studies focused on GO-based nanomaterials for potential applications against osteosarcoma were reviewed, which has revealed that there is an excellent trend toward the use of GO-based nanomaterials, based on their thermal and anti-cancer activities, for the treatment of osteosarcoma through various therapeutic approaches. However, more research is needed to develop highly efficient localized therapies. It is suggested, therefore, that photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and the use of nanocarriers should be considered as non-invasive, more specific, and efficient alternatives in the treatment of osteosarcoma. These options present promising approaches to enhance the effectiveness of therapy while also seeking to reduce side effects and minimize the damage to surrounding healthy tissues. The bibliometric analysis of photothermal and photochemical treatments of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide from January 2004 to December 2022 extracted 948 documents with its search strategy, mainly related to research papers, review papers, and conference papers, demonstrating a high-impact field supported by the need for more selective and efficient bone cancer therapies. The central countries leading the research are the United States, Iran, Italy, Germany, China, South Korea, and Australia, with strong collaborations worldwide. At the same time, the most-cited papers were published in journals with impact factors of more than 6.0 (2021), with more than 290 citations. Additionally, the journals that published the most on the topic are high impact factor journals, according to the analysis performed, demonstrating the high impact of the research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemy Vanessa Barba-Rosado
- Grupo de Investigación en Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia; (L.V.B.-R.); (D.C.C.-H.)
| | - Domingo César Carrascal-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia; (L.V.B.-R.); (D.C.C.-H.)
- Departamento de Química y Biología, División de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla 081007, Colombia;
| | - Daniel Insuasty
- Departamento de Química y Biología, División de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla 081007, Colombia;
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación en Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia; (L.V.B.-R.); (D.C.C.-H.)
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3
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Wu X, Cao Y, Xiao H, Feng J, Lin J. Bazedoxifene Suppresses the Growth of Osteosarcoma Cells by Inhibiting IL-6 and IL-11/GP130 Signaling Pathway. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 46:8-14. [PMID: 37962127 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor. Using the multiple ligands simultaneous docking method, we found that bazedoxifene could bind to the GP130 D1 domain. We then demonstrated that bazedoxifene can decrease cell viability and cell migration of osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-11/GP130 signaling. Consistently, treatment with IL-6 or IL-11 antibody or knockdown of GP130 by siRNA silenced the activation of STAT3, ERK, and AKT. Similarly, recombinant IL-6 and IL-11 proteins antagonized the inhibitory effect of bazedoxifene on osteosarcoma cells. Finally, the combinational treatment of temsirolimus and bazedoxifene synergistically suppressed osteosarcoma development in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that bazedoxifene directly prompts the deactivation of GP130 and inhibits the osteosarcoma progression in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, bazedoxifene could be effectively applied as a therapeutic drug for human osteosarcoma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Hematology & Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xiao
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Jiayuh Lin
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
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4
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Liang W, Zhou C, Jin S, Fu L, Zhang H, Huang X, Long H, Ming W, Zhao J. An update on the advances in the field of nanostructured drug delivery systems for a variety of orthopedic applications. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2241667. [PMID: 38037335 PMCID: PMC10987052 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2241667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has made significant progress in various fields, including medicine, in recent times. The application of nanotechnology in drug delivery has sparked a lot of research interest, especially due to its potential to revolutionize the field. Researchers have been working on developing nanomaterials with distinctive characteristics that can be utilized in the improvement of drug delivery systems (DDS) for the local, targeted, and sustained release of drugs. This approach has shown great potential in managing diseases more effectively with reduced toxicity. In the medical field of orthopedics, the use of nanotechnology is also being explored, and there is extensive research being conducted to determine its potential benefits in treatment, diagnostics, and research. Specifically, nanophase drug delivery is a promising technique that has demonstrated the capability of delivering medications on a nanoscale for various orthopedic applications. In this article, we will explore current advancements in the area of nanostructured DDS for orthopedic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Songtao Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lifeng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing City Keqiao District Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hengjian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hengguo Long
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenyi Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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Ma Z, Bolinger AA, Chen H, Zhou J. Drug Discovery Targeting Nuclear Receptor Binding SET Domain Protein 2 (NSD2). J Med Chem 2023; 66:10991-11026. [PMID: 37578463 PMCID: PMC11092389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor binding SET domain proteins (NSDs) catalyze the mono- or dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36me1 and H3K36me2), using S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. As a key member of the NSD family of proteins, NSD2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases such as cancers, inflammations, and infectious diseases, serving as a promising drug target. Developing potent and specific NSD2 inhibitors may provide potential novel therapeutics. Several NSD2 inhibitors and degraders have been discovered while remaining in the early stage of drug development. Excitingly, KTX-1001, a selective NSD2 inhibitor, has entered clinical trials. In this Perspective, the structures and functions of NSD2, its roles in various human diseases, and the recent advances in drug discovery strategies targeting NSD2 have been summarized. The challenges, opportunities, and future directions for developing NSD2 inhibitors and degraders are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghui Ma
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Andrew A Bolinger
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Haiying Chen
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
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Deng Y, Zhou C, Fu L, Huang X, Liu Z, Zhao J, Liang W, Shao H. A mini-review on the emerging role of nanotechnology in revolutionizing orthopedic surgery: challenges and the road ahead. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1191509. [PMID: 37260831 PMCID: PMC10228697 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1191509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An emerging application of nanotechnology in medicine currently being developed involves employing nanoparticles to deliver drugs, heat, light, or other substances to specific types of cells (such as cancer cells). As most biological molecules exist and function at the nanoscale, engineering and manipulating matter at the molecular level has many advantages in the field of medicine (nanomedicine). Although encouraging, it remains unclear how much of this will ultimately result in improved patient care. In surgical specialties, clinically relevant nanotechnology applications include the creation of surgical instruments, suture materials, imaging, targeted drug therapy, visualization methods, and wound healing techniques. Burn lesion and scar management is an essential nanotechnology application. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of numerous orthopedic conditions are crucial technological aspects for patients' functional recovery. Orthopedic surgery is a specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. In recent years, the field of orthopedics has been revolutionized by the advent of nanotechnology. Using biomaterials comprised of nanoparticles and structures, it is possible to substantially enhance the efficacy of such interactions through nanoscale material modifications. This serves as the foundation for the majority of orthopedic nanotechnology applications. In orthopedic surgery, nanotechnology has been applied to improve surgical outcomes, enhance bone healing, and reduce complications associated with orthopedic procedures. This mini-review summarizes the present state of nanotechnology in orthopedic surgery, including its applications as well as possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lifeng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing City Keqiao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Zunyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Haiyan Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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7
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Dey H, Vasudevan K, Doss C. GP, Kumar SU, El Allali A, Alsamman AM, Zayed H. Integrated gene network analysis sheds light on understanding the progression of Osteosarcoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1154417. [PMID: 37081847 PMCID: PMC10110863 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1154417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteosarcoma is a rare disorder among cancer, but the most frequently occurring among sarcomas in children and adolescents. It has been reported to possess the relapsing capability as well as accompanying collateral adverse effects which hinder the development process of an effective treatment plan. Using networks of omics data to identify cancer biomarkers could revolutionize the field in understanding the cancer. Cancer biomarkers and the molecular mechanisms behind it can both be understood by studying the biological networks underpinning the etiology of the disease. Methods In our study, we aimed to highlight the hub genes involved in gene-gene interaction network to understand their interaction and how they affect the various biological processes and signaling pathways involved in Osteosarcoma. Gene interaction network provides a comprehensive overview of functional gene analysis by providing insight into how genes cooperatively interact to elicit a response. Because gene interaction networks serve as a nexus to many biological problems, their employment of it to identify the hub genes that can serve as potential biomarkers remain widely unexplored. A dynamic framework provides a clear understanding of biological complexity and a pathway from the gene level to interaction networks. Results Our study revealed various hub genes viz. TP53, CCND1, CDK4, STAT3, and VEGFA by analyzing various topological parameters of the network, such as highest number of interactions, average shortest path length, high cluster density, etc. Their involvement in key signaling pathways, such as the FOXM1 transcription factor network, FAK-mediated signaling events, and the ATM pathway, makes them significant candidates for studying the disease. The study also highlighted significant enrichment in GO terms (Biological Processes, Molecular Function, and Cellular Processes), such as cell cycle signal transduction, cell communication, kinase binding, transcription factor activity, nucleoplasm, PML body, nuclear body, etc. Conclusion To develop better therapeutics, a specific approach toward the disease targeting the hub genes involved in various signaling pathways must have opted to unravel the complexity of the disease. Our study has highlighted the candidate hub genes viz. TP53, CCND1 CDK4, STAT3, VEGFA. Their involvement in the major signaling pathways of Osteosarcoma makes them potential candidates to be targeted for drug development. The highly enriched signaling pathways include FOXM1 transcription pathway, ATM signal-ling pathway, FAK mediated signaling events, Arf6 signaling events, mTOR signaling pathway, and Integrin family cell surface interactions. Targeting the hub genes and their associated functional partners which we have reported in our studies may be efficacious in developing novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrituraj Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - Karthick Vasudevan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - George Priya Doss C.
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - S. Udhaya Kumar
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Achraf El Allali
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Alsamman M. Alsamman
- Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Discovery of synthetic lethal interactions from large-scale pan-cancer perturbation screens. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7748. [PMID: 36517508 PMCID: PMC9751287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer therapies is limited by the availability of suitable drug targets. Potential candidate drug targets can be identified based on the concept of synthetic lethality (SL), which refers to pairs of genes for which an aberration in either gene alone is non-lethal, but co-occurrence of the aberrations is lethal to the cell. Here, we present SLIdR (Synthetic Lethal Identification in R), a statistical framework for identifying SL pairs from large-scale perturbation screens. SLIdR successfully predicts SL pairs even with small sample sizes while minimizing the number of false positive targets. We apply SLIdR to Project DRIVE data and find both established and potential pan-cancer and cancer type-specific SL pairs consistent with findings from literature and drug response screening data. We experimentally validate two predicted SL interactions (ARID1A-TEAD1 and AXIN1-URI1) in hepatocellular carcinoma, thus corroborating the ability of SLIdR to identify potential drug targets.
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ADCK1 is a potential therapeutic target of osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:954. [PMID: 36371387 PMCID: PMC9653483 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
We here showed that ADCK1 (AarF domain-containing kinase 1), a mitochondrial protein, is upregulated in human osteosarcoma (OS) tissues and OS cells. In primary and established OS cells, ADCK1 shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-induced ADCK1 knockout (KO) remarkably inhibited cell viability, proliferation and migration, and provoked apoptosis activation. Conversely, ectopic ADCK1 overexpression exerted pro-cancerous activity by promoting OS cell proliferation and migration. ADCK1 depletion disrupted mitochondrial functions in OS cells and induced mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, ATP depletion, reactive oxygen species production. Significantly, ADCK1 silencing augmented doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in primary OS cells. mTOR activation is important for ADCK1 expression in OS cells. The mTOR inhibitors, rapamycin and AZD2014, as well as mTOR shRNA, potently decreased ADCK1 expression in primary OS cells. In nude mice, the growth of subcutaneous pOS-1 xenografts was largely inhibited when bearing ADCK1 shRNA or ADCK1 KO construct. Moreover, ADCK1 KO largely inhibited pOS-1 xenograft in situ growth in proximal tibia of nude mice. ADCK1 depletion, apoptosis activation and ATP reduction were detected in pOS-1 xenografts bearing ADCK1 shRNA or ADCK1 KO construct. Together, the mitochondrial protein ADCK1 is required for OS cell growth and is a novel therapeutic target of OS.
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10
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Proteasome Inhibitors and Their Potential Applicability in Osteosarcoma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194544. [PMID: 36230467 PMCID: PMC9559645 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone cancer has seen minimal benefits in therapeutic options in the past 30 years. Proteasome inhibitors present a new avenue of research for the treatment of bone cancer. Proteasome inhibitors impair the function of the proteasome, a structure within the cell that removes unwanted and misfolded proteins. Bone cancer cells heavily rely on the proteasome to properly function and survive. Impairing the proteasome function can have detrimental consequences and lead to cell death. This review provides a thorough summary of the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research that has explored proteasome inhibitors for the treatment of bone cancer. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone cancer, with ~30% of patients developing secondary/metastatic tumors. The molecular complexity of tumor metastasis and the lack of effective therapies for OS has cultivated interest in exploiting the proteasome as a molecular target for anti-cancer therapy. As our understanding towards the behavior of malignant cells expands, it is evident that cancerous cells display a greater reliance on the proteasome to maintain homeostasis and sustain efficient biological activities. This led to the development and approval of first- and second-generation proteasome inhibitors (PIs), which have improved outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. Researchers have since postulated the therapeutic potential of PIs for the treatment of OS. As such, this review aims to summarize the biological effects and latest findings from clinical trials investigating PI-based treatments for OS. Integrating PIs into current treatment regimens may better outcomes for patients diagnosed with OS.
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11
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Origin and Therapies of Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143503. [PMID: 35884563 PMCID: PMC9322921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children, with a 5-year survival rate ranging from 70% to 20% depending on the aggressiveness of the disease. The current treatments have not evolved over the past four decades due in part to the genetic complexity of the disease and its heterogeneity. This review will summarize the current knowledge of OS origin, diagnosis and therapies. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone tumor, mainly affecting children and young adults. Despite therapeutic advances, the 5-year survival rate is 70% but drastically decreases to 20–30% for poor responders to therapies or for patients with metastasis. No real evolution of the survival rates has been observed for four decades, explained by poor knowledge of the origin, difficulties related to diagnosis and the lack of targeted therapies for this pediatric tumor. This review will describe a non-exhaustive overview of osteosarcoma disease from a clinical and biological point of view, describing the origin, diagnosis and therapies.
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12
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MicroRNAs and osteosarcoma: Potential targets for inhibiting metastasis and increasing chemosensitivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115094. [PMID: 35588853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the third most common cancer in young adults after lymphoma and brain cancer. Metastasis, like other cellular events, is dependent on signaling pathways; a series of changes in some proteins and signaling pathways pave the way for OS cells to invade and migrate. Ezrin, TGF-β, Notch, RUNX2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Wnt/β-catenin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT are among the most important of these proteins and signaling pathways. Despite the improvements in treating OS, the overall survival of patients suffering from the metastatic disease has not experienced any significant change after surgical treatments and chemotherapy and 5-years overall survival in patients with metastatic OS is about 20%. Studies have shown that overexpression or inhibition of some microRNAs (miRNAs) has significant effects in limiting the invasion and migration of OS cells. The results of these studies highlight the potential of the clinical application of some miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors (antagomiRs) to inhibit OS metastasis in the future. In addition, some studies have shown that miRNAs are associated with the most important drug resistance mechanisms in OS, and some miRNAs are highly effective targets to increase chemosensitivity. The results of these studies suggest that miRNA mimics and antagomiRs may be helpful to increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of metastatic OS. In this article, we discussed the role of various signaling pathways and the involved miRNAs in the metastasis of OS, attempting to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on OS metastasis and chemosensitivity.
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Mills LJ, Scott MC, Shah P, Cunanan AR, Deshpande A, Auch B, Curtin B, Beckman KB, Spector LG, Sarver AL, Subramanian S, Richmond TA, Modiano JF. Comparative analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation identifies patterns that associate with conserved transcriptional programs in osteosarcoma. Bone 2022; 158:115716. [PMID: 33127576 PMCID: PMC8076342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive tumor of the bone that primarily affects young adults and adolescents. Osteosarcoma is characterized by genomic chaos and heterogeneity. While inactivation of tumor protein p53 (TP53) is nearly universal other high frequency mutations or structural variations have not been identified. Despite this genomic heterogeneity, key conserved transcriptional programs associated with survival have been identified across human, canine and induced murine osteosarcoma. The epigenomic landscape, including DNA methylation, plays a key role in establishing transcriptional programs in all cell types. The role of epigenetic dysregulation has been studied in a variety of cancers but has yet to be explored at scale in osteosarcoma. Here we examined genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in 24 human and 44 canine osteosarcoma samples identifying groups of highly correlated DNA methylation marks in human and canine osteosarcoma samples. We also link specific DNA methylation patterns to key transcriptional programs in both human and canine osteosarcoma. Building on previous work, we built a DNA methylation-based measure for the presence and abundance of various immune cell types in osteosarcoma. Finally, we determined that the underlying state of the tumor, and not changes in cell composition, were the main driver of differences in DNA methylation across the human and canine samples. SIGNIFICANCE: Genome wide comparison of DNA methylation patterns in osteosarcoma across two species lays the ground work for the exploration of DNA methylation programs that help establish conserved transcriptional programs in the context of varied mutational landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Mills
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Childhood Cancer Genomics Group, Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Milcah C Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Pankti Shah
- Roche Sequencing Solution, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Auch
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bridget Curtin
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Logan G Spector
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Childhood Cancer Genomics Group, Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Aaron L Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA; Institute of Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Subbaya Subramanian
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Jaime F Modiano
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA; Institute of Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, UDS Institute for Engineering in Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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14
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Alemi F, Malakoti F, Vaghari-Tabari M, Soleimanpour J, Shabestani N, Sadigh AR, Khelghati N, Asemi Z, Ahmadi Y, Yousefi B. DNA damage response signaling pathways as important targets for combination therapy and chemotherapy sensitization in osteosarcoma. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2374-2386. [PMID: 35383920 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignancy that occurs most often in young adults, and adolescents with a survival rate of 20% in its advanced stages. Nowadays, increasing the effectiveness of common treatments used in OS has become one of the main problems for clinicians due to cancer cells becoming resistant to chemotherapy. One of the most important mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy is through increasing the ability of DNA repair because most chemotherapy drugs damage the DNA of cancer cells. DNA damage response (DDR) is a signal transduction pathway involved in preserving the genome stability upon exposure to endogenous and exogenous DNA-damaging factors such as chemotherapy agents. There is evidence that the suppression of DDR may reduce chemoresistance and increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy in OS. In this review, we aim to summarize these studies to better understand the role of DDR in OS chemoresistance in pursuit of overcoming the obstacles to the success of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimanpour
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Shohada Teaching Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Shabestani
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aydin R Sadigh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Khelghati
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Yasin Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Soleimania, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Tian S, Liu S, Qing X, Lin H, Peng Y, Wang B, Shao Z. A predictive model with a risk-classification system for cancer-specific survival in patients with primary osteosarcoma of long bone. Transl Oncol 2022; 18:101349. [PMID: 35134673 PMCID: PMC8844746 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven clinical factors were significantly related to the prognosis of patients with long bone osteosarcoma. The established nomogram can help surgeons evaluate the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients in the most common sites. High-risk individuals can be identified through risk-stratification system.
Background Osteosarcoma (OS), most commonly occurring in long bone, is a group of malignant tumors with high incidence in adolescents. No individualized model has been developed to predict the prognosis of primary long bone osteosarcoma (PLBOS) and the current AJCC TNM staging system lacks accuracy in prognosis prediction. We aimed to develop a nomogram based on the clinicopathological factors affecting the prognosis of PLBOS patients to help clinicians predict the cancer-specific survival (CSS) of PLBOS patients. Method We studied 1199 PLBOS patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015 and randomly divided the dataset into training and validation cohorts at a proportion of 7:3. Independent prognostic factors determined by stepwise multivariate Cox analysis were included in the nomogram and risk-stratification system. C-index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to verify the performance of the nomogram. Results Age, Histological type, Surgery of primary site, Tumor size, Local extension, Regional lymph node (LN) invasion, and Distant metastasis were identified as independent prognostic factors. C-indexes, calibration curves and DCAs of the nomogram indicating that the nomogram had good discrimination and validity. The risk-stratification system based on the nomogram showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in CSS among different risk groups. Conclusion We established a nomogram with risk-stratification system to predict CSS in PLBOS patients and demonstrated that the nomogram had good performance. This model can help clinicians evaluate prognoses, identify high-risk individuals, and give individualized treatment recommendation of PLBOS patients.
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16
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Zhang W, Wei L, Weng J, Yu F, Qin H, Wang D, Zeng H. Advances in the Research of Osteosarcoma Stem Cells and its Related Genes. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:336-343. [PMID: 34941001 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor that often occurs in adolescents. There is an urgent need of new treatment options for osteosarcoma due to its poor prognosis after metastasis. Cancer stem cell theory states that cancer stem cells represent a small proportion of cancer cells. These cancer stem cells have self-renewal ability and are closely associated with cancer growth and metastasis as well as chemotherapy resistance. Similarly, osteosarcoma stem cells (OSCs) play an important role in the growth, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of osteosarcoma cells. Targeting OSCs may represent a future treatment of osteosarcoma. Furthermore, some genes have shown to regulate the growth, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of osteosarcoma cells by altering the stemness of OSCs. Targeting these genes may help in the treatment of osteosarcoma. This review mainly discusses recent advances in the research of OSCs and its related genes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifei Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
| | - Liangchen Wei
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
| | - Haotian Qin
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
| | - Deli Wang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China, 518036
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17
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Sharma A, Khan H, Singh TG, Grewal AK, Najda A, Kawecka-Radomska M, Kamel M, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Pharmacological Modulation of Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathways in Oncogenic Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111971. [PMID: 34769401 PMCID: PMC8584958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is involved in regulating several biological functions, including cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. It is widely known for its role in degrading abnormal protein substrates and maintaining physiological body functions via ubiquitinating enzymes (E1, E2, E3) and the proteasome. Therefore, aberrant expression in these enzymes results in an altered biological process, including transduction signaling for cell death and survival, resulting in cancer. In this review, an overview of profuse enzymes involved as a pro-oncogenic or progressive growth factor in tumors with their downstream signaling pathways has been discussed. A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Bentham, Scopus, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out to understand the nature of the extensive work done on modulation of ubiquitin-proteasome pathways in oncogenic signaling. Various in vitro, in vivo studies demonstrating the involvement of ubiquitin-proteasome systems in varied types of cancers and the downstream signaling pathways involved are also discussed in the current review. Several inhibitors of E1, E2, E3, deubiquitinase enzymes and proteasome have been applied for treating cancer. Some of these drugs have exhibited successful outcomes in in vivo studies on different cancer types, so clinical trials are going on for these inhibitors. This review mainly focuses on certain ubiquitin-proteasome enzymes involved in developing cancers and certain enzymes that can be targeted to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
- Correspondence: or (T.G.S.); (M.M.A.-D.); Tel.: +91-9815951171 (T.G.S.); +966-580192142 (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Amarjot Kaur Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (M.K.-R.)
| | - Małgorzata Kawecka-Radomska
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (M.K.-R.)
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (T.G.S.); (M.M.A.-D.); Tel.: +91-9815951171 (T.G.S.); +966-580192142 (M.M.A.-D.)
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18
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LncRNA LINC00662 Exerts an Oncogenic Effect on Osteosarcoma by the miR-16-5p/ITPR1 Axis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:8493431. [PMID: 34621314 PMCID: PMC8492273 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8493431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most malignant bone tumors and has a high metastatic rate. Increasing research has demonstrated the vital roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human cancers, including OS. LncRNA LINC00662 has been revealed to act as an oncogene involved in multiple tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern, function, and regulatory mechanism of LINC00662 in OS. Methods Patients who underwent OS surgery were involved in this study. Experiments including RT-qPCR, MTT, western blot, FISH, RNA pull-down, luciferase reporter, colony formation, transwell invasion and migration, and sphere formation assay were performed to investigate the regulatory role of LINC00662 in OS. Results In the present study, our findings demonstrated the upregulation of LINC00662 expression in OS tissues and cells, and high expression of LINC00662 predicted a poor clinical prognosis of patients' iNOS. Through a series of in vivo assays, LINC00662 knockdown suppressed OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and stemness property maintenance. Further mechanistical investigations indicated that LINC00662 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for sponging microRNA-16-5p (miR-16-5p) to upregulate the expression of IP receptor type 1 (ITPR1) in OS cells. Restoration assays validated the involvement of ITPR1 in LINC00662-mediated regulation of cell functions in OS. Conclusion LINC00662 exerts oncogenic functions in OS by targeting the miR-16-5p/ITPR1 axis.
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19
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Urciuoli E, D'Oria V, Petrini S, Peruzzi B. Lamin A/C Mechanosensor Drives Tumor Cell Aggressiveness and Adhesion on Substrates With Tissue-Specific Elasticity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:712377. [PMID: 34595168 PMCID: PMC8476891 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.712377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its structural properties in the nucleoskeleton, Lamin A/C is a mechanosensor protein involved in perceiving the elasticity of the extracellular matrix. In this study we provide evidence about Lamin A/C-mediated regulation of osteosarcoma cell adhesion and spreading on substrates with tissue-specific elasticities. Our working hypothesis is based on the observation that low-aggressive and bone-resident SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells express high level of Lamin A/C in comparison to highly metastatic, preferentially to the lung, osteosarcoma 143B cells, thereby suggesting a role for Lamin A/C in tumor cell tropism. Specifically, LMNA gene over-expression in 143B cells induced a reduction in tumor cell aggressiveness in comparison to parental cells, with decreased proliferation rate and reduced migration capability. Furthermore, LMNA reintegration into 143B cells changed the adhesion properties of tumor cells, from a preferential tropism toward the 1.5 kPa PDMS substrate (resembling normal lung parenchyma) to the 28 kPa (resembling pre-mineralized bone osteoid matrix). Our study suggests that Lamin A/C expression could be involved in the organ tropism of tumor cells, thereby providing a rationale for further studies focused on the definition of cancer mechanism of metastatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Urciuoli
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Peruzzi
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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20
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Tanshinone I restrains osteosarcoma progression by regulating circ_0000376/miR-432-5p/BCL2 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 477:1-13. [PMID: 34532813 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as important regulators in cancer progression. Nevertheless, little is known about the biological function of circ_0000376 in the progression of osteosarcoma (OS). Cell viability, colony formation ability, apoptosis, and motility were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. Cellular glycolytic metabolism was analyzed using commercial kits. RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were performed to analyze RNA and protein expression in OS tissues and cells. Starbase software was used to establish circRNA-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA linkage, and intermolecular interaction was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft tumor assay was conducted to analyze the effects of Tanshinone I (Tan I) and circ_0000376 on xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Tan I treatment suppressed the viability, migration, invasion, and glycolysis and triggered the apoptosis of OS cells. Tan I treatment markedly down-regulated circ_0000376 expression in OS cells. The addition of circ_0000376 plasmid largely rescued the malignant behaviors of OS cells upon Tan I exposure. Circ_0000376 interacted with miR-432-5p in OS cells. Circ_0000376 overexpression-mediated protective effects in Tan I-induced OS cells were partly attenuated by the accumulation of miR-432-5p. miR-432-5p bound to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) in OS cells. miR-432-5p interference-induced effects in Tan I-treated OS cells were partly overturned by the silence of BCL2. Circ_0000376 can act as miR-432-5p sponge to up-regulate BCL2 expression in OS cells. Circ_0000376 silencing contributed to the anti-tumor effect of Tan I on the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. Tan I exerted an anti-tumor role in OS progression by targeting circ_0000376/miR-432-5p/BCL2 axis.
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21
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Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma: Clinical aspects, biomarker discovery and liquid biopsy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 162:103340. [PMID: 33894338 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone sarcomas, although rare, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The most frequent primary bone cancers include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The treatment approaches are heterogeneous and mainly chosen based on precise tumour staging. Unfortunately, clinical outcome has not changed significantly in over 30 years and tumour grade is still the best prognosticator of metastatic disease and survival. An option to improve this scenario is to identify molecular biomarkers in the early stage of the disease, or even before the disease onset. Blood-based liquid biopsies are a promising, non-invasive way to achieve this goal and there are an increasing number of studies which investigate their potential application in bone cancer diagnosis, prognosis and personalised therapy. This review summarises the interplay between clinical and molecular aspects of the three main bone sarcomas, alongside biomarker discovery and promising applications of liquid biopsy in each tumour context.
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22
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Pathogenesis and Current Treatment of Osteosarcoma: Perspectives for Future Therapies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061182. [PMID: 33809018 PMCID: PMC8000603 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. The standard-of-care curative treatment for osteosarcoma utilizes doxorubicin, cisplatin, and high-dose methotrexate, a standard that has not changed in more than 40 years. The development of patient-specific therapies requires an in-depth understanding of the unique genetics and biology of the tumor. Here, we discuss the role of normal bone biology in osteosarcomagenesis, highlighting the factors that drive normal osteoblast production, as well as abnormal osteosarcoma development. We then describe the pathology and current standard of care of osteosarcoma. Given the complex heterogeneity of osteosarcoma tumors, we explore the development of novel therapeutics for osteosarcoma that encompass a series of molecular targets. This analysis of pathogenic mechanisms will shed light on promising avenues for future therapeutic research in osteosarcoma.
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23
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Hirozane T, Masuda M, Sugano T, Sekita T, Goto N, Aoyama T, Sakagami T, Uno Y, Moriyama H, Sawa M, Asano N, Nakamura M, Matsumoto M, Nakayama R, Kondo T, Kawai A, Kobayashi E, Yamada T. Direct conversion of osteosarcoma to adipocytes by targeting TNIK. JCI Insight 2021; 6:137245. [PMID: 33400690 PMCID: PMC7934882 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive mesenchymal tumor for which no molecularly targeted therapies are available. We have previously identified TRAF2- and NCK-interacting protein kinase (TNIK) as an essential factor for the transactivation of Wnt signal target genes and shown that its inhibition leads to eradication of colorectal cancer stem cells. The involvement of Wnt signaling in the pathogenesis of OS has been implicated. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential of TNIK as a therapeutic target in OS. RNA interference or pharmacological inhibition of TNIK suppressed the proliferation of OS cells. Transcriptome analysis suggested that a small-molecule inhibitor of TNIK upregulated the expression of genes involved in OS cell metabolism and downregulated transcription factors essential for maintaining the stem cell phenotype. Metabolome analysis revealed that this TNIK inhibitor redirected the metabolic network from carbon flux toward lipid accumulation in OS cells. Using in vitro and in vivo OS models, we confirmed that TNIK inhibition abrogated the OS stem cell phenotype, simultaneously driving conversion of OS cells to adipocyte-like cells through induction of PPARγ. In relation to potential therapeutic targeting in clinical practice, TNIK was confirmed to be in an active state in OS cell lines and clinical specimens. From these findings, we conclude that TNIK is applicable as a potential target for treatment of OS, affecting cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hirozane
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Masuda
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Sugano
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sekita
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Goto
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takato Sakagami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Uno
- Carna Biosciences Inc., Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Naofumi Asano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert Nakayama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tesshi Yamada
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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TRIM21-regulated Annexin A2 plasma membrane trafficking facilitates osteosarcoma cell differentiation through the TFEB-mediated autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:21. [PMID: 33414451 PMCID: PMC7790825 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, which is characterized by dysfunctional autophagy and poor differentiation. Our recent studies have suggested that the tripartite motif containing-21 (TRIM21) plays a crucial role in regulating OS cell senescence and proliferation via interactions with several proteins. Yet, its implication in autophagy and differentiation in OS is largely unknown. In the present study, we first showed that TRIM21 could promote OS cell autophagy, as determined by the accumulation of LC3-II, and the degradation of cargo receptor p62. Further, we were able to identify that Annexin A2 (ANXA2), as a novel interacting partner of TRIM21, was critical for TIRM21-induced OS cell autophagy. Although TRIM21 had a negligible effect on the mRNA and protein expressions of ANXA2, we did find that TRIM21 facilitated the translocation of ANXA2 toward plasma membrane (PM) in OS cells through a manner relying on TRIM21-mediated cell autophagy. This functional link has been confirmed by observing a nice co-expression of TRIM21 and ANXA2 (at the PM) in the OS tissues. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TRIM21, via facilitating the ANXA2 trafficking at the PM, enabled to release the transcription factor EB (TFEB, a master regulator of autophagy) from the ANXA2-TFEB complex, which in turn entered into the nucleus for the regulation of OS cell autophagy. In accord with previous findings that autophagy plays a critical role in the control of differentiation, we also demonstrated that autophagy inhibited OS cell differentiation, and that the TRIM21/ANXA2/TFEB axis is implicated in OS cell differentiation through the coordination with autophagy. Taken together, our results suggest that the TRIM21/ANXA2/TFEB axis is involved in OS cell autophagy and subsequent differentiation, indicating that targeting this signaling axis might lead to a new clue for OS treatment.
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Mirabello L, Zhu B, Koster R, Karlins E, Dean M, Yeager M, Gianferante M, Spector LG, Morton LM, Karyadi D, Robison LL, Armstrong GT, Bhatia S, Song L, Pankratz N, Pinheiro M, Gastier-Foster JM, Gorlick R, de Toledo SRC, Petrilli AS, Patino-Garcia A, Lecanda F, Gutierrez-Jimeno M, Serra M, Hattinger C, Picci P, Scotlandi K, Flanagan AM, Tirabosco R, Amary MF, Kurucu N, Ilhan IE, Ballinger ML, Thomas DM, Barkauskas DA, Mejia-Baltodano G, Valverde P, Hicks BD, Zhu B, Wang M, Hutchinson AA, Tucker M, Sampson J, Landi MT, Freedman ND, Gapstur S, Carter B, Hoover RN, Chanock SJ, Savage SA. Frequency of Pathogenic Germline Variants in Cancer-Susceptibility Genes in Patients With Osteosarcoma. JAMA Oncol 2021; 6:724-734. [PMID: 32191290 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Importance Osteosarcoma, the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, occurs in a high number of cancer predisposition syndromes that are defined by highly penetrant germline mutations. The germline genetic susceptibility to osteosarcoma outside of familial cancer syndromes remains unclear. Objective To investigate the germline genetic architecture of 1244 patients with osteosarcoma. Design, Setting, and Participants Whole-exome sequencing (n = 1104) or targeted sequencing (n = 140) of the DNA of 1244 patients with osteosarcoma from 10 participating international centers or studies was conducted from April 21, 2014, to September 1, 2017. The results were compared with the DNA of 1062 individuals without cancer assembled internally from 4 participating studies who underwent comparable whole-exome sequencing and 27 173 individuals of non-Finnish European ancestry who were identified through the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database. In the analysis, 238 high-interest cancer-susceptibility genes were assessed followed by testing of the mutational burden across 736 additional candidate genes. Principal component analyses were used to identify 732 European patients with osteosarcoma and 994 European individuals without cancer, with outliers removed for patient-control group comparisons. Patients were subsequently compared with individuals in the ExAC group. All data were analyzed from June 1, 2017, to July 1, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures The frequency of rare pathogenic or likely pathogenic genetic variants. Results Among 1244 patients with osteosarcoma (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 16 [8.9] years [range, 2-80 years]; 684 patients [55.0%] were male), an analysis restricted to individuals with European ancestry indicated a significantly higher pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant burden in 238 high-interest cancer-susceptibility genes among patients with osteosarcoma compared with the control group (732 vs 994, respectively; P = 1.3 × 10-18). A pathogenic or likely pathogenic cancer-susceptibility gene variant was identified in 281 of 1004 patients with osteosarcoma (28.0%), of which nearly three-quarters had a variant that mapped to an autosomal-dominant gene or a known osteosarcoma-associated cancer predisposition syndrome gene. The frequency of a pathogenic or likely pathogenic cancer-susceptibility gene variant was 128 of 1062 individuals (12.1%) in the control group and 2527 of 27 173 individuals (9.3%) in the ExAC group. A higher than expected frequency of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants was observed in genes not previously linked to osteosarcoma (eg, CDKN2A, MEN1, VHL, POT1, APC, MSH2, and ATRX) and in the Li-Fraumeni syndrome-associated gene, TP53. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, approximately one-fourth of patients with osteosarcoma unselected for family history had a highly penetrant germline mutation requiring additional follow-up analysis and possible genetic counseling with cascade testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roelof Koster
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eric Karlins
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Michael Dean
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Matthew Gianferante
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Logan G Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Lindsay M Morton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Danielle Karyadi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Leslie L Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Gregory T Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Smita Bhatia
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Lei Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Maisa Pinheiro
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie M Gastier-Foster
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Silvia Regina Caminada de Toledo
- Laboratorio de Genetica, Instituto de Oncologia Pediatrica, Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e a Crianca com Cancer/Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio S Petrilli
- Laboratorio de Genetica, Instituto de Oncologia Pediatrica, Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e a Crianca com Cancer/Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Patino-Garcia
- Solid Tumor Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra and Center for Applied Medical Research, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, and Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Solid Tumor Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra and Center for Applied Medical Research, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, and Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Gutierrez-Jimeno
- Solid Tumor Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra and Center for Applied Medical Research, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Research Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fernanda Amary
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Nilgün Kurucu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, A.Y. Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Inci Ergurhan Ilhan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, A.Y. Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mandy L Ballinger
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Donald A Barkauskas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | | | | | - Belynda D Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Amy A Hutchinson
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Margaret Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susan Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brian Carter
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Zhang J, Rao D, Ma H, Kong D, Xu X, Lu H. LncRNA SNHG15 contributes to doxorubicin resistance of osteosarcoma cells through targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:871-883. [PMID: 33817274 PMCID: PMC7874549 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone cancer. Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in many cancers. Nevertheless, the role of SNHG15 in the doxorubicin (DXR) resistance of osteosarcoma cells has not been fully addressed. Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was conducted to measure the half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of DXR in osteosarcoma cells. Western blotting was carried out to examine the levels of autophagy-related proteins and GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRA1). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the levels of SNHG15, miR-381-3p, and GFRA1. The proliferation of osteosarcoma cells was measured by MTT assay. The binding sites between miR-381-3p and SNHG15 or GFRA1 were predicted by Starbase bioinformatics software, and the interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established to validate the function of SNHG15 in vivo. Results Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine sensitized DXR-resistant osteosarcoma cell lines to DXR. SNHG15 was upregulated in DXR-resistant osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. SNHG15 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, DXR resistance, and autophagy of osteosarcoma cells. MiR-381-3p was a direct target of SNHG15, and GFRA1 bound to miR-381-3p in osteosarcoma cells. SNHG15 contributed to DXR resistance through the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis in vitro. SNHG15 depletion contributed to the inhibitory effect of DXR on osteosarcoma tumor growth through the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis in vivo. Conclusions SNHG15 enhanced the DXR resistance of osteosarcoma cells through elevating the autophagy via targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis. Restoration of miR-381-3p expression might be an underlying therapeutic strategy to overcome the DXR resistance of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Dan Rao
- Central Hospital of Edong Medical Group, Huangshi City, Hubei Province, 435000, Huangshi, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Defeng Kong
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, No. 1 Renmin Road, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hougen Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, No. 1 Renmin Road, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434020, Jingzhou, China
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Bone Microenvironment and Osteosarcoma Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196985. [PMID: 32977425 PMCID: PMC7582690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone microenvironment is an ideal fertile soil for both primary and secondary tumors to seed. The occurrence and development of osteosarcoma, as a primary bone tumor, is closely related to the bone microenvironment. Especially, the metastasis of osteosarcoma is the remaining challenge of therapy and poor prognosis. Increasing evidence focuses on the relationship between the bone microenvironment and osteosarcoma metastasis. Many elements exist in the bone microenvironment, such as acids, hypoxia, and chemokines, which have been verified to affect the progression and malignance of osteosarcoma through various signaling pathways. We thoroughly summarized all these regulators in the bone microenvironment and the transmission cascades, accordingly, attempting to furnish hints for inhibiting osteosarcoma metastasis via the amelioration of the bone microenvironment. In addition, analysis of the cross-talk between the bone microenvironment and osteosarcoma will help us to deeply understand the development of osteosarcoma. The cellular and molecular protagonists presented in the bone microenvironment promoting osteosarcoma metastasis will accelerate the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies towards osteosarcoma.
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Li H, Lan M, Liao X, Tang Z, Yang C. Circular RNA cir-ITCH Promotes Osteosarcoma Migration and Invasion through cir-ITCH/miR-7/EGFR Pathway. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033819898728. [PMID: 31960764 PMCID: PMC6974758 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819898728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that circular RNAs play an important role in the
progression of various cancers. We aimed to investigate the possible role of
cir-ITCH in osteosarcoma. In this study, we performed experiments with
the human osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19 and several osteosarcoma cancer cell lines and the
results showed that the expression of cir-ITCH in osteosarcoma cancer
cell lines was significantly upregulated compared to that in the human osteoblast cell
line. In addition, the results showed that cir-ITCH could promote the
migration, invasion, and growth of osteosarcoma cells. Further mechanistic studies
revealed that cir-ITCH could enhance epidermal growth factor receptor
(EGFR) expression by reducing the level of miR-7. Increased EGFR phosphorylation was found
to be concomitant with high expression of EGFR. We determined that
cir-ITCH-mediated increase in the migration and invasion of
osteosarcoma cells was dependent on EGFR phosphorylation. In conclusion, our research
uncovered an important role of the cir-ITCH/miR-7/EGFR pathway in the
migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and suggested that cir-ITCH
may be a prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingen Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiming Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Wong SK, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S. Berberine and musculoskeletal disorders: The therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:152892. [PMID: 30902523 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders are a group of disorders that affect the joints, bones, and muscles, causing long-term disability. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, has been previously established to exhibit beneficial properties in preventing various diseases, including musculoskeletal disorders. PURPOSE This review article aims to recapitulate the therapeutic potential of berberine and its mechanism of action in treating musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS A wide range of literature illustrating the effects of berberine in ameliorating musculoskeletal disorders was retrieved from online electronic databases (PubMed and Medline) and reviewed. RESULTS Berberine may potentially retard the progression of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Limited studies reported the effects of berberine in suppressing the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. These beneficial properties of berberine are mediated in part through its ability to target multiple signaling pathways, including PKA, p38 MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, AMPK, RANK/RANKL/OPG, PI3K/Akt, NFAT, NF-κB, Hedgehog, and oxidative stress signaling. In addition, berberine exhibited anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive properties. CONCLUSION The current evidence indicates that berberine may be effective in preventing musculoskeletal disorders. However, findings from in vitro and in vivo investigations await further validation from human clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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30
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Dewhurst RM, Scalzone A, Buckley J, Mattu C, Rankin KS, Gentile P, Ferreira AM. Development of Natural-Based Bone Cement for a Controlled Doxorubicin-Drug Release. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:754. [PMID: 32733869 PMCID: PMC7363953 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) accounts for 60% of all global bone cancer diagnoses. Intravenous administration of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (DOXO) is the current form of OS treatment, however, systemic delivery has been linked to the onset of DOXO induced cardiomyopathy. Biomaterials including calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have been tested as localized drug delivery scaffolds for OS cells. However, the tumor microenvironment is critical in cancer progression, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) thought to promote OS metastasis and drug resistance. The extent of MSC assisted survival of OS cells in response to DOXO delivered by CPCs is unknown. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effect of DOXO release from a new formulation of calcium phosphate-based bone cement on the viability of OS cells cocultured with hMSC in vitro. NPs made of PLGA were loaded with DOXO and incorporated in the formulated bone cement to achieve local drug release. The inclusion of PLGA-DOXO NPs into CPCs was also proven to increase the levels of cytotoxicity of U2OS cells in mono- and coculture after 24 and 72 h. Our results demonstrate that a more effective localized DOXO delivery can be achieved via the use of CPCs loaded with PLGA-DOXO NPs compared to CPCs loaded with DOXO, by an observed reduction in metabolic activity of U2OS cells in indirect coculture with hMSCs. The presence of hMSCs offer a degree of DOXO resistance in U2OS cells cultured on PLGA-DOXO NP bone cements. The consideration of the tumor microenvironment via the indirect inclusion of hMSCs in this study can act as a starting point for future direct coculture and in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Marie Dewhurst
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Annachiara Scalzone
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Buckley
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Kenneth S Rankin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Marina Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C isoforms are conveyed by osteosarcoma-derived extracellular vesicles. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:417-426. [PMID: 32583269 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are able to release high amounts of extracellular vesicles, thereby conditioning the normal cells in the surrounding tissue and/or in distant target organs. In the context of bone cancers, previous studies suggested that osteosarcoma cancer cells produce transforming extracellular vesicles able to induce a tumour-like phenotype in normal recipient cells. Indeed, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) enzymes are differentially expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines with increasing aggressiveness, thus providing helpful insights to better define their role and functions in this bone tumour. By confocal microscopy analysis, we demonstrated that osteosarcoma-derived extracellular vesicles convey all the assessed PI-PLC isoforms, and that they localize into cell membrane bubble-like structures, resembling extracellular vesicles about to be released, as conveyed and/or membrane protein. Cytofluorimetric analysis confirmed the presence of PI-PLC isoforms in the extracellular vesicles collected from conditioned media of osteosarcoma cells. These findings suggest the feasibility to use circulating extracellular vesicles as biomarkers of osteosarcoma progression and/or the monitoring of this distressing disease.
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32
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Li W, Zhang X, Xi X, Li Y, Quan H, Liu S, Wu L, Wu P, Lan W, Shao Y, Li H, Chen K, Hu Z. PLK2 modulation of enriched TAp73 affects osteogenic differentiation and prognosis in human osteosarcoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:4371-4385. [PMID: 32349184 PMCID: PMC7300400 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There are three subtypes of undifferentiated human conventional osteosarcoma (HCOS): osteoblastic osteosarcoma (OOS), chondroblastic osteosarcoma (COS), and fibroblastic osteosarcoma (FOS). HCOS also exhibits heterogeneous pathological maldifferentiation in individual patients. Currently, the mechanism regulating HCOS differentiation remains unclear, and therapies are ineffective. Osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) are markers of osteoblast maturation, and their expression is inhibited in HCOS. A previous study found that PLK2 inhibited TAp73 phosphorylation and consequent anti-OS function of TAp73 in OS cells with enriched TAp73. TAp73 was also reported to regulate bone cell calcification. Here, OOS was found to have higher TAp73 levels and PLK2 expression than those in COS, which is correlated with HCOS maldifferentiation according to Spearman analysis and affects patient prognosis according to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. In the conventional OS cell-line Saos2 and in patient-derived xenograft OS (PDX-OS) cells, increased PLK2 expression owing to abundant TAp73 levels affected OPN and OCN content as measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and alizarin red staining showed that PLK2 affected calcium deposition in OS cells. In addition, PLK2 inhibition in PDX-OS cells prohibited clone formation, as indicated by a clonogenic assay, and sensitized OS cells to cisplatin (CDDP) (which consequently limited proliferation), as shown by the CCK-8 assay. In an established PDX animal model with abundant TAp73 levels, PLK2 inhibition or CDDP treatment prevented tumor growth and prolonged median survival. The combined therapeutic effect of PLK2 inhibition with CDDP treatment was better than that of either monotherapy. These results indicate that increased PLK2 levels due to enriched TAp73 affect osteogenic differentiation and maturation and OS prognosis. In conclusion, PLK2 is a potential target for differentiation therapy of OS with enriched TAp73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Li
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Xianliao Zhang
- Orthopedics CenterZhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinhua Xi
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShaoguanChina
| | - Yufa Li
- The Second School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologyGuangdong provincial people's Hospital & Guangdong, Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Hong Quan
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Shifeng Liu
- Orthopedics CenterDongguan Eighth People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Liqi Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Penghuan Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
- Orthopedics CenterZhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenxing Lan
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Yongjun Shao
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Haomiao Li
- Orthopedics CenterThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityOrthopedics institute of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Kebing Chen
- Orthopedics CenterThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityOrthopedics institute of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhengbo Hu
- Department of OrthopedicsShaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityShaoguanChina
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33
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Li ZF, Yao YD, Zhao YY, Liu Y, Liu ZH, Hu P, Zhu ZR. Effects of PAK4/LIMK1/Cofilin-1 signaling pathway on proliferation, invasion, and migration of human osteosarcoma cells. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23362. [PMID: 32463132 PMCID: PMC7521293 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the effects of PAK4/LIMK1/Cofilin‐1 signaling pathway on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of human osteosarcoma cells. Methods The expression of PAK4/LIMK1/Cofilin‐1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in osteosarcoma tissues. The osteosarcoma cell line MG63 was transfected and divided into Mock, Control siRNA, si‐PAK4, LIMK1, and si‐PAK4+LIMK1 groups. Then, the cellular biological features of MG63 cells were detected by CCK‐8, wound‐healing, Transwell, and flow cytometry methods. The relationship of PAK4 and LIMK1 was performed by co‐immunoprecipitation test, and the protein expression of PAK4/LIMK1/Cofilin‐1 was determined by Western blotting. Finally, the effect of PAK4 on the growth of osteosarcoma was verified by subcutaneous transplantation model of osteosarcoma in nude mice. Results The expression of PAK4/LIMK1/Cofilin‐1 in both osteosarcoma tissues and cells was up‐regulated. Positive PAK4, LIMK1, and Cofilin‐1 expressions in osteosarcoma were associated with the clinical stage, distant metastasis, and tumor grade. The MG63 cell viability, migration, and invasion, as well as the expression of PAK4, p‐LIMK/LIMK, and p‐Cofilin‐1/Cofilin‐1, were restrained by the knock down of PAK4 while it promoted apoptosis. PAK4 silencing also suppressed the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumor in nude mice. Co‐immunocoprecipitation showed that LIMK and PAK4 protein can form complex in osteosarcoma cells. Besides, LIMK1 overexpression reversed the inhibition effect of PAK4 siRNA on the growth of osteosarcoma cells. Conclusion The expression of PAK4/LIMK1/Cofilin‐1 pathway in osteosarcoma tissues was up‐regulated. Thus, PAK4 inhibition may restrict the osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration but promote its apoptosis via decreasing the activity of LIMK1/Cofilin‐1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yin-Di Yao
- College of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yin-Yin Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Xu Z, He W, Ke T, Zhang Y, Zhang G. DHRS12 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma via Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. Future Oncol 2020; 16:665-674. [PMID: 32250163 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This experimental design was based on DHRS12 to explore its biological effects on osteosarcoma (OS). Materials & methods: The expression level of endogenous DHRS12 was analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis. DHRS12 was overexpressed in MG-63 and HOS cells by plasmid transfection. Cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis and western blot were used in the experiment. Results: The expression of DHRS12 was significantly reduced in OS. Overexpression of DHRS12 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of MG-63 and HOS cells and induced apoptosis of OS cells. Overexpression of DHRS12 upregulated Bax, Caspase 9 and Caspase 3. Overexpression of DHRS12 resulted in inactivation of the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion: Overexpression of DHRS12 inhibited the progression of OS via the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Wubing He
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Tie Ke
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Yongfa Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
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Urciuoli E, Petrini S, D’Oria V, Leopizzi M, Della Rocca C, Peruzzi B. Nuclear Lamins and Emerin Are Differentially Expressed in Osteosarcoma Cells and Scale with Tumor Aggressiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020443. [PMID: 32069980 PMCID: PMC7073215 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina is essential for the maintenance of nuclear shape and mechanics. Mutations in lamin genes have been identified in a heterogeneous spectrum of human diseases known as “laminopathies” associated with nuclear envelope defects and deregulation of cellular functions. Interestingly, osteosarcoma is the only neoplasm described in the literature in association with laminopathies. This study aims characterized the expression of A-type and B-type lamins and emerin in osteosarcoma, revealing a higher percentage of dysmorphic nuclei in osteosarcoma cells in comparison to normal osteoblasts and all the hallmarks of laminopathic features. Both lamins and emerin were differentially expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines in comparison to normal osteoblasts and correlated with tumor aggressiveness. We analysed lamin A/C expression in a tissue-microarray including osteosarcoma samples with different prognosis, finding a positive correlation between lamin A/C expression and the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. An inefficient MKL1 nuclear shuttling and actin depolymerization, as well as a reduced expression of pRb and a decreased YAP nuclear content were observed in A-type lamin deficient 143B cells. In conclusion, we described for the first time laminopathic nuclear phenotypes in osteosarcoma cells, providing evidence for an altered lamins and emerin expression and a deregulated nucleoskeleton architecture of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Urciuoli
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Area, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Valentina D’Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Martina Leopizzi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy; (M.L.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Carlo Della Rocca
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy; (M.L.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Barbara Peruzzi
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Area, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-6859-2938
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Zha Z, Han Q, Liu W, Huo S. lncRNA GAS8-AS1 downregulates lncRNA UCA1 to inhibit osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:38. [PMID: 32013985 PMCID: PMC6998179 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-1550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary bone tumor that mainly affects adolescents and young adults. The present study explored the role of lncRNA GAS8-AS1 in OS. Methods A total of 48 OS patients were selected from the 82 OS patients admitted by Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province between May 2010 and May 2013. Transient cell transfections, Transwell cell migration and invasion assay, RT-qPCR, and patient follow-up were carried out during the research. Results The results showed that GAS8-AS1 was downregulated, while UCA1 was upregulate in cancer tissues in comparison to adjacent non-cancer tissues of OS patients. GAS8-AS1 was not affected by clinical stage. Follow-up study showed that downregulated GAS8-AS1 in cancer tissues was closely correlated with poor survival. GAS8-AS1 and UCA1 were inversely correlated in cancer tissues. Overexpression of UCA1 failed to affect the expression of GAS8-AS1, while overexpression of GAS8-AS1 led to downregulated expression of UCA1 in OS cells, while the molecular mediators between these two lncRNAs are unknown. Overexpression of GAS8-AS1 did not affect OS cell proliferation but significantly inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion. Overexpression of UCA1 promoted the migration and invasion of OS cells and attenuated the effects of overexpressing GAS8-AS1. Conclusions Therefore, GAS8-AS1 may inhibit OS cell migration and invasion by downregulating oncogenic UCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Zha
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, No.100 Yongping Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, No.100 Yongping Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaochuan Huo
- Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6001, North Ring Road, Futian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518048, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao J, Dean DC, Hornicek FJ, Yu X, Duan Z. Emerging next-generation sequencing-based discoveries for targeted osteosarcoma therapy. Cancer Lett 2020; 474:158-167. [PMID: 31987920 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy and is frequently lethal via metastasis to the lung. While surgical techniques and adjuvant chemotherapies have emerged to combat this deadly cancer, the 5-year survival rate has plateaued over the past four decades. Therapeutic progress has been notably poor because past technologies have not been able to reveal obscured OS biomarkers and targets. With the advent and implementation of large-scale next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies, various somatic mutations and copy number changes involved in OS progression and metastasis have surfaced. These findings have significantly expanded the amount of genome-informed pathways and candidate genes suitable for targeting in pre-clinical models. Furthermore, NGS analyses comparing primary and matched pulmonary metastatic tumor tissues have catalogued previously unknown prognostic biomarkers in OS. In this review, we delineate the most recent findings in NGS for OS therapy and how this technology has advanced personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
| | - Dylan C Dean
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Xiuchun Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Yuan J, Kang J, Yang M. Long non-coding RNA ELF3-antisense RNA 1 promotes osteosarcoma cell proliferation by upregulating Kruppel-like factor 12 potentially via methylation of the microRNA-205 gene. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2475-2480. [PMID: 32194747 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study characterized the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ELF3-antisense RNA 1 (ELF3-AS1) as an oncogenic lncRNA in bladder cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role of ELF3-AS1 in osteosarcoma (OS). It was found that ELF3-AS1 was upregulated in OS tissues, and ELF3-AS1 expression level increased with increasing clinical stage. In OS tissues, Kruppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) was positively correlated with ELF3-AS1, while microRNA (miR)-205 was negatively correlated with ELF3-AS1. ELF3-AS1 overexpression resulted in the upregulation of KLF12, but the downregulation of miR-205. Overexpression of miR-205 caused downregulation of KLF12, but had no significant effects on ELF3-AS1 expression. Overexpression of KLF12 showed no significant impact on ELF3-AS1 and miR-205. ELF3-AS1 and KLF12 overexpression resulted in an increased proliferation rate in OS cells, while miR-205 played an opposite role and attenuated the effects of ELF3-AS1 overexpression. ELF3-AS1 overexpression promoted the methylation of the miR-205 gene. Therefore, ELF3-AS1 may promote OS cell proliferation by upregulating KLF12 through the methylation of the miR-205 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Kang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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Mo H, He J, Yuan Z, Wu Z, Liu B, Lin X, Guan J. PLK1 contributes to autophagy by regulating MYC stabilization in osteosarcoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7527-7536. [PMID: 31571905 PMCID: PMC6750617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PLK1, a typical PLK protein, is the main driver of cancer cell growth and proliferation. It is an inhibitor of the protein kinases that is currently being investigated in clinical studies. It is often used as a tumor marker, as high PLK1 expression correlates with poor prognosis in cancer. Overexpression of MYC is a hallmark of many human cancers. MYC modulates the transcription of thousands of genes that required to coordinate a series of cellular processes, including those essential for growth, proliferation, differentiation, self-renewal and apoptosis. To date, functions of PLK1 and MYC on tumor are mostly studied in separate researches, and studies on their mutual crosstalk are lacking. Purpose To investigate the mechanism of PLK1 and MYC in regulating progress of osteosarcoma. Methods Protein level was examined using Western blot. Animal experiments were performed with female FOX CHASE severe combined immunodeficient mice. Mice were randomly divided into experimental or control groups. Results PLK1 or MYC promoted the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells through the autophagy pathway. PLK1 contributed to MYC protein stabilization. PLK1 inhibition enhanced MYC degradation in osteosarcoma cells. PLK1 inhibition led to a marked decline in MYC protein abundance. The representative MYC target genes were deregulated by PLK1 inhibitors. BI2536 treatment caused a significant delay in xenograft tumor growth in mice injected with U-2 OS cells subcutaneously, with lower mean tumor weight compared to the control group. Conclusion PLK1 is crucial for MYC stabilization. It promotes cell proliferation by autophagy pathway in osteosarcoma cells. Data validate PLK1 as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma caused by MYC-amplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Mo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Juliang He
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Yuan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Hsu MJ, Peng SF, Chueh FS, Tsai CH, Tsai FJ, Huang CY, Tang CH, Yang JS, Hsu YM, Huang WW, Chung JG. Lupeol suppresses migration and invasion via p38/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1729-1739. [PMID: 31010399 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1606693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Lupeol, one of the common components from the fruits and natural foods, has been reported to exert antitumor activities in many human cancer cell lines; however, its effects on osteosarcoma cell metastasis were not elucidated. In the present study, lupeol at 10–25 μM induced cell morphological changes and decreased total viable cell number in U-2 OS cells. Lupeol (5–15 μM) suppressed cell mobility, migration, and invasion by wound healing and transwell chamber assays, respectively. Lupeol inhibited the activities of MMP-2 and −9 in U-2 OS cells by gelatin zymography assay. Lupeol significantly decreased PI3K, pAKT, β-catenin, and increased GSK3β. Furthermore, lupeol decreased the expressions of Ras, p-Raf-1, p-p38, and β-catenin. Lupeol also decreased uPA, MMP-2, MMP-9, and N-cadherin but increased VE-cadherin in U-2 OS cells. Based on these observations, we suggest that lupeol can be used in anti-metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- China Medical University Children‘s Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- China Medical University Children‘s Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sheng K, Li Y. LncRNA TUG1 promotes the development of osteosarcoma through RUNX2. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3002-3008. [PMID: 31555384 PMCID: PMC6755426 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) is known to serve a role as an oncogene in the development of a number of human malignancies. However, the functionality of TUG1 in osteosarcoma remains poorly characterized. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the role of TUG1 in osteosarcoma. TUG1 expression in tumor tissues, adjacent healthy tissues and plasma from 40 osteosarcoma patients and 40 healthy controls was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value of TUG1 for osteosarcoma while the prognostic value of TUG1 for osteosarcoma was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. TUG1 expression vectors and siRNAs were transfected into MG-63 and U2OS osteosarcoma cell lines, and the effects on osteosarcoma cell viability, migration and invasion were tested using Cell Counting kit-8 and Transwell assays. The effects of TUG1 overexpression on runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression were also detected using western blotting. TUG1 expression was found to be significantly higher in osteosarcoma tissues compared with adjacent healthy tissues, and in the plasma of osteosarcoma patients compared with healthy controls. TUG1 expression also exhibited significant diagnostic and prognostic value for osteosarcoma. TUG1 overexpression and knockdown respectively increased and reducedosteosarcoma cell viability, migration and invasion. In addition, TUG1 overexpression upregulated RUNX2 expression. These results suggest that lncRNA TUG1 may promote the development of osteosarcoma by modulating RUNX2 and TUG1 expression, which can serve as prognostic and diagnostic markers for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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42
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Ren J, Lu Y, Qian Y, Chen B, Wu T, Ji G. Recent progress regarding kaempferol for the treatment of various diseases. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2759-2776. [PMID: 31572524 PMCID: PMC6755486 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol, also known as kaempferol-3 or kaempferide, is a flavonoid compound that naturally occurs in tea, as well as numerous common vegetables and fruits, including beans, broccoli, cabbage, gooseberries, grapes, kale, strawberries, tomatoes, citrus fruits, brussel sprouts, apples and grapefruit. The present review mainly summarizes the application of kaempferol in treating diseases and the underlying mechanisms that are currently being studied. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, it may be used to treat numerous acute and chronic inflammation-induced diseases, including intervertebral disc degeneration and colitis, as well as post-menopausal bone loss and acute lung injury. In addition, it has beneficial effects against cancer, liver injury, obesity and diabetes, inhibits vascular endothelial inflammation, protects the cranial nerve and heart function, and may be used for treating fibroproliferative disorders, including hypertrophic scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Qian
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bozhou Chen
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Zanghellini B, Grünewald TA, Burghammer M, Rennhofer H, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Leithner A, Lichtenegger HC. High-resolution large-area imaging of nanoscale structure and mineralization of a sclerosing osteosarcoma in human bone. J Struct Biol 2019; 207:56-66. [PMID: 31004766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer type in humans. It is predominantly found in young individuals, with a second peak later in life. The tumour is formed by malignant osteoblasts and consists of collagenous, sometimes also mineralized, bone matrix. While the morphology of osteosarcoma has been well studied, there is virtually no information about the nanostructure of the tumour and changes in mineralization on the nanoscale level. In the present paper, human bone tissue inside, next to and remote from a sclerosing osteosarcoma was studied with small angle x-ray scattering, x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Quantitative evaluation of nanostructure parameters was combined with high resolution, large area mapping to obtain microscopic images with nanostructure parameter contrast. It was found that the tumour regions were characterized by a notable reduction in mineral particle size, while the mineral content was even higher than that in normal bone. Furthermore, the normal preferential orientation of mineral particles along the longitudinal direction of corticalis or trabeculae was largely suppressed. Also the bone mineral crystal structure was affected: severe crystal lattice distortions were detected in mineralized tumour tissue pointing to a different ion substitution of hydroxyl apatite in tumorous tissue than in healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Zanghellini
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Harald Rennhofer
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helga C Lichtenegger
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Vienna, Austria
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Zhao L, Bi D, Qi X, Guo Y, Yue F, Wang X, Han M. Polydopamine-based surface modification of paclitaxel nanoparticles for osteosarcoma targeted therapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:255101. [PMID: 30736019 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab055f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to achieve the purpose of targeting treatment of osteosarcoma, we developed novel paclitaxel (PTX) nanoparticles (Nps) coated with polydopamine (PDA) and grafted by alendronate (ALN) as ligand. Dopamine can be easily polymerized on various surfaces to form a thin PDA film in alkaline environment, which provided a versatile platform to perform secondary reactions for compounds without functional groups. The targeting Nps had a mean particle size of 290.6 ± 2.2 nm and a zeta potential of -13.4 ± 2.7. It was stable in phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.4), 5% glucose, plasma and displayed sustained drug release behavior. In vitro assay demonstrated the targeting Nps had stronger cytotoxicity against K7M2 wt osteosarcoma cells than the non-targeting Nps. Furthermore, in vivo distribution study indicated they could accumulate much more in tumor than non-targeting Nps. This is consistent with the in vivo antitumor study, targeting Nps achieved a better therapeutic effect than Taxol (8 mg kg-1, i.v.) (71.85% versus 66.53%) and prominently decreased the side effects of PTX. In general, the PTX-PDA-ALN-Nps may offer a feasible and effective strategy for osteosarcoma targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China. Life Sciences and Environmental Sciences Center, Harbin University of Commerce, People's Republic of China
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Xiong Z, Luo P, Zhou J, Tan M. 15-Deoxy-Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J 2 as a potential regulator of bone metabolism via PPARγ-dependent and independent pathways: a review. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1879-1888. [PMID: 31213775 PMCID: PMC6549764 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s206695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a complex physiological process that primarily involves osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, both of which are regulated by a variety of biological factors. There is increasing evidence that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and plays an important role in lipid metabolism and bone metabolism. Through the PPARγ-dependent pathway, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) promotes the formation of marrow adipocytes and inhibits the formation of osteoblasts, resulting in bone loss and increasing the risk of fracture and osteoporosis. Recent studies have found that through the PPARγ-independent pathway, 15d-PGJ2 plays a regulatory role in bone metastasis of breast cancer, which can inhibit osteoclastogenesis and reduce bone destruction. The purpose of our review is to summarize the recent progress in elucidating the mechanisms and effects of 15d-PGJ2 in bone metabolism, which can serve as a novel therapeutic target for bone tumors, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and other bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencheng Xiong
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Luo
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingsheng Tan
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Z, Zhao M, Wang G. Upregulation of microRNA-7 contributes to inhibition of the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through the inhibition of IGF1R. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22195-22206. [PMID: 31102265 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We aim to uncover the methylation of microRNA-7 (miR-7) promoter in osteosarcoma (OS) and the inner mechanism of miR-7 on the progression of OS cells. Expression and methylation state of miR-7 in OS tissues and cells were detected. With the aim to unearth the ability of miR-7 in OS, the proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, invasion, migration of OS cells, and the tumor growth in nude mice were determined. Meanwhile, IGF1R expression was detected and the association between miR-7 and IGF1R was confirmed. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was tested by immunohistochemical staining, and the lung metastasis was observed by H&E staining. miR-7 expression was decreased and methylation state of miR-7 was increased in OS tissues and cells. Upregulated miR-7 inhibited proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion,and migration, while inducing apoptosis of OS cells and the tumor growth as well as PCNA expression in nude mice. Expression of IGF1R was downregulated in OS cells with overexpression of miR-7. Experiments verified the binding site between miR-7 and IGF1R. Our study demonstrates that abnormal methylation of miR-7 contributes to decreased miR-7 in OS. In addition, miR-7 represses the initiation and progression of OS cells through the inhibition of IGF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojun Zhang
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
| | - Guojie Wang
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
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Cao S, Jiang L, Shen L, Xiong Z. Role of microRNA-92a in metastasis of osteosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting expression of TCF21 with the transmission of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:31. [PMID: 30804710 PMCID: PMC6373113 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the role of microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in metastasis of osteosarcoma (OS) cells in vivo and in vitro by regulatingTCF21 with the transmission of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods BMSCs were isolated, purified and cultured from healthy adult bone marrow tissues. The successfully identified BMSCs were co-cultured with OS cells, and the effects of BMSCs on the growth metastasis of OS cells in vitro and in vivo were determined. qRT-PCR and western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of miR-92a and TCF21 in OS cells and OS cells co-cultured with BMSCs. Proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells transfected with miR-92a mimics and miR-92a inhibitors was determined, and the tumorigenesis and metastasis of OS cells in nude mice were observed. Expression of miR-92a and TCF21 mRNA in tissue specimens as well as the relationship between the expression of miR-92a and the clinicopathological features of OS was analyzed. Results BMSCs promoted proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells in vitro together with promoted the growth and metastasis of OS cells in vivo. Besides, high expression of miR-92a was found in OS cells co-cultured with BMSCs. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-92a promoted proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells in vitro as well as promoted growth and metastasis of OS cells in vivo. The expression of miR-92a increased significantly, and the expression of TCF21 mRNA and protein decreased significantly in OS tissues. Expression of miR-92a was related to Ennecking staging and distant metastasis in OS patients. Conclusion Collectively, this study demonstrates that the expression of miR-92a is high in OS and BMSCs transfers miR-92a to inhibit TCF21 and promotes growth and metastasis of OS in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, 102600 People's Republic of China
| | - Liangde Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, 102600 People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, 102600 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizheng Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Yueyang Second People's Hospital, Yueyang, 414000 People's Republic of China
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Chen S, Liu Z, Lu S, Hu B. EPEL promotes the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by upregulating ROCK1. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3133-3140. [PMID: 30867743 PMCID: PMC6396117 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F-mediated cell proliferation enhancing long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) (EPEL) is a newly identified lncRNA involved in the regulation of lung cancer cell proliferation. However, its association with other types of cancer is unknown. The present study recruited patients with osteosarcoma and healthy controls. Tumor and adjacent healthy tissues were obtained from patients with osteosarcoma, and whole blood was extracted from patients and healthy controls. The expression levels of EPEL in tissues were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic value of serum EPEL for osteosarcoma was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The association between serum levels of EPEL and basic clinical patient information was analyzed by χ2 test. Subsequently, EPEL overexpression in osteosarcoma cell lines was established, and its effects on cell migration and invasion were explored by Transwell assay. The implications of EPEL overexpression on Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) expression were investigated by western blotting. The results revealed that EPEL was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent tissues. In addition, serum levels of EPEL were higher in patients with osteosarcoma compared with healthy controls, and were positively associated with distant tumor metastasis. Furthermore, EPEL overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and induced overexpression of ROCK1. In conclusion, these results suggested that EPEL may promote the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by upregulating ROCK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunguang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Biao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
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Histone methyltransferase NSD2 regulates apoptosis and chemosensitivity in osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:65. [PMID: 30683853 PMCID: PMC6347630 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumour. However, the genetic basis for the pathogenesis of OS remains elusive. In this study, we uncovered the role of the histone methyltransferase NSD2 in regulating tumourigenesis and chemosensitivity in OS. We show that NSD2 knockdown leads to increased apoptosis in OS cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, NSD2 knockdown significantly enhances the efficacy of cisplatin against OS cells and accordingly inhibits properties associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). Furthermore, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that NSD2 promotes transcription of genes associated with negative regulation of apoptotic signalling pathways and CSC properties. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) assays indicated that NSD2 knockdown leads to decreased H3K36me2 modification at BCL2 and SOX2 loci, thus inhibiting the transcription of these two genes that are closely correlated with apoptosis, CSC properties and chemosensitivity in OS cells. Pathway analysis demonstrated that the ERK and AKT pathways mediate the regulation of OS progression and chemosensitivity by NSD2. Overall, our study is the first to uncover the function of NSD2 in OS chemosensitivity. NSD2 regulates the expression of the apoptosis regulatory proteins BCL2 and SOX2 through the ERK and AKT pathways. Our results suggest that NSD2 is a new target for combined chemotherapy and is a prognostic factor for OS.
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Up-regulation of microRNA-340 promotes osteosarcoma cell apoptosis while suppressing proliferation, migration, and invasion by inactivating the CTNNB1-mediated Notch signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171615. [PMID: 29769415 PMCID: PMC6117618 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common histological form of primary bone cancer. It is most prevalent in teenagers and young adults. The present study aims at exploring the regulatory effect of microRNA-340 (miR-340) on OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis via regulating the Notch signaling pathway by targeting β-catenin (cadherin-associated protein) 1 (CTNNB1). OS tissues belonging to 45 patients and normal femoral head tissues of 45 amputees were selected. Cells were allocated to different groups. In situ hybridization was performed to determine the positive rate of miR-340 expression while immunohistochemistry was used to determine that of CTNNB1 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). We used a series of experiments to measure the expressions of related factors and assess rates of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cycle, and apoptosis respectively. Our results show that miR-340 was expressed a higher level in normal tissue than OS tissue. Expression of Notch, CTNNB1, hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), Bcl-2, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin increased and that of miR-340, Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (BIM), and Bcl-2 associated protein X (Bax) decreased in OS tissues. U-2OS cell line had the highest miR-340 expression. We also found that the up-regulation of miR-340 had increased expression of miR-340, BIM, and Bax but decreased expression of Notch, CTNNB1, Hes1, Bcl-2, Runx2, and osteocalcin. Up-regulation of miR-340p lead to increased cell apoptosis, suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our study demonstrates that overexpression of miR-340 could suppress OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as promoting OS cell apoptosis by inactivating the Notch signaling pathway via down-regulating CTNNB1. Functional miR-340 overexpression might be a future therapeutic strategy for OS.
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