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Li Z, Qiu X, Guan G, Shi K, Chen S, Tang J, Xiao M, Tang S, Yan Y, Zhou J, Xie H. The role of FGF-21 in promoting diabetic wound healing by modulating high glucose-induced inflammation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30022. [PMID: 38726159 PMCID: PMC11078883 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Wound healing is a complex biological process that can be impaired in individuals with diabetes. Diabetic wounds are a serious complication of diabetes that require promoting diagnosis and effective treatment. FGF-21, a member of the endocrine FGF factors family, has caught the spotlight in the treatment of diabetes for its beneficial effects on accelerating human glucose uptake and fat catabolism. However, the therapeutic efficacy of FGF-21 in promoting diabetic wounds remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of FGF-21 in promoting diabetic wound healing. Methods we investigated the effects of FGF-21 on wound healing related-cells under high-glucose conditions using various assays such as CCK8, scratch assay, flow cytometry analysis, endothelial tube-formation assay, and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, we used db/db mice to verify the healing-promoting therapeutic effects of FGF-21 on diabetic wounds. We also conducted qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining analyses to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Result Our results indicate that FGF-21 treatment restored hyperglycemic damage on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube-forming ability. It also reduced endothelial cell death rates under high-glucose conditions. TEM analysis showed that FGF-21 treatment effectively restored mitochondrial damage and morphological changes in endothelial cells caused by glucose. Additionally, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis indicated that FGF-21 treatment restored inflammatory responses caused by hyperglycemic damage. Animal experiments confirmed these findings, suggesting that FGF-21 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of non-healing diabetic wounds due to its effectiveness in stimulating angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory function. Conclusion Our study provides evidence that FGF-21 is an essential regulator of wound-related cells under high-glucose conditions and has the potential to be a novel therapeutic target for accelerating diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheling Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaopeng Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyue Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangjie Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Muzhang Xiao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical Collage, Shantou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya III Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, People's Republic of China
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Bu LL, Yuan HH, Xie LL, Guo MH, Liao DF, Zheng XL. New Dawn for Atherosclerosis: Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence and Death. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15160. [PMID: 37894840 PMCID: PMC10606899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner linings of blood vessels, and are directly exposed to endogenous hazard signals and metabolites in the circulatory system. The senescence and death of ECs are not only adverse outcomes, but also causal contributors to endothelial dysfunction, an early risk marker of atherosclerosis. The pathophysiological process of EC senescence involves both structural and functional changes and has been linked to various factors, including oxidative stress, dysregulated cell cycle, hyperuricemia, vascular inflammation, and aberrant metabolite sensing and signaling. Multiple forms of EC death have been documented in atherosclerosis, including autophagic cell death, apoptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying EC senescence or death in atherogenesis are not fully understood. To provide a comprehensive update on the subject, this review examines the historic and latest findings on the molecular mechanisms and functional alterations associated with EC senescence and death in different stages of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Lan Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Huan-Huan Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
| | - Ling-Li Xie
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Min-Hua Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Ding P, Yang R, Li C, Fu HL, Ren GL, Wang P, Zheng DY, Chen W, Yang LY, Mao YF, Yuan HB, Li YH. Fibroblast growth factor 21 attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway. Crit Care 2023; 27:196. [PMID: 37218012 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is caused by overdistension of the alveoli by the repetitive recruitment and derecruitment of alveolar units. This study aims to investigate the potential role and mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a metabolic regulator secreted by the liver, in VILI development. METHODS Serum FGF21 concentrations were determined in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia and in a mouse VILI model. Lung injury was compared between FGF21-knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Recombinant FGF21 was administrated in vivo and in vitro to determine its therapeutic effect. RESULTS Serum FGF21 levels in patients and mice with VILI were significantly higher than in those without VILI. Additionally, the increment of serum FGF21 in anesthesia patients was positively correlated with the duration of ventilation. VILI was aggravated in FGF21-KO mice compared with WT mice. Conversely, the administration of FGF21 alleviated VILI in both mouse and cell models. FGF21 reduced Caspase-1 activity, suppressed the mRNA levels of Nlrp3, Asc, Il-1β, Il-18, Hmgb1 and Nf-κb, and decreased the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β, IL-18, HMGB1 and the cleaved form of GSDMD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that endogenous FGF21 signaling is triggered in response to VILI, which protects against VILI by inhibiting the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway. These results suggest that boosting endogenous FGF21 or the administration of recombinant FGF21 could be promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of VILI during anesthesia or critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, PLA No.983 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Long Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Li Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, PLA No.983 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Yu Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ye Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Fei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong-Bin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Hu XQ, Song R, Dasgupta C, Blood AB, Zhang L. TET2 confers a mechanistic link of microRNA-210 and mtROS in hypoxia-suppressed spontaneous transient outward currents in uterine arteries of pregnant sheep. J Physiol 2023; 601:1501-1514. [PMID: 36856073 PMCID: PMC10106393 DOI: 10.1113/jp284336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia during pregnancy impairs uterine vascular adaptation via microRNA-210 (miR-210)-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation. TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) participates in regulating inflammation and oxidative stress and its deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular diseases. Thus, we hypothesize a role of TET2 in hypoxia/miR-210-mediated mtROS suppressing spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) in uterine arteries. We found that gestational hypoxia downregulated TET2 in uterine arteries of pregnant sheep and TET2 was a target of miR-210. Knockdown of TET2 with small interfering RNAs suppressed mitochondrial respiration, increased mtROS, inhibited STOCs and elevated myogenic tone. By contrast, overexpression of TET2 negated hypoxia- and miR-210-induced mtROS. The effects of TET2 knockdown in uterine arteries on mtROS, STOCs and myogenic contractions were blocked by the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ. In addition, the recovery effects of inhibiting endogenous miR-210 with miR-210-LNA on hypoxia-induced suppression of STOCs and augmentation of myogenic tone were reversed by TET2 knockdown in uterine arteries. Together, our study reveals a novel mechanistic link between the miR-210-TET2-mtROS pathway and inhibition of STOCs and provides new insights into the understanding of uterine vascular maladaptation in pregnancy complications associated with gestational hypoxia. KEY POINTS: Gestational hypoxia downregulates TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) in uterine arteries of pregnant sheep. TET2 is a downstream target of microRNA-210 (miR-210) and miR-210 mediates hypoxia-induced TET2 downregulation. Knockdown of TET2 in uterine arteries recapitulates the effect of hypoxia and miR-210 and impairs mitochondrial bioenergetics and increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) . Overexpression of TET2 negates the effect of hypoxia and miR-210 on increasing mtROS. TET2 knockdown reiterates the effect of hypoxia and miR-210 and suppresses spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) and elevates myogenic tone, and these effects are blocked by MitoQ. Knockdown of TET2 reverses the miR-210-LNA-induced reversal of the effects of hypoxia on STOCs and myogenic tone in uterine arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qun Hu
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Arlin B Blood
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Gong B, He M, Shen X, Tan L, Zha Z. Silencing of IRF7 ameliorates osteoarthritis by inhibiting chondrocyte pyroptosis via targeting FGF21. Cytokine 2023; 165:156168. [PMID: 36963293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease which can lead to serious disability. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family. This study aimed to explore the function and potential mechanism of IRF7 in OA. Our results found that IRF7 was increased in LPS-stimulated C28/I2 chondrocytes and in OA mice established with medial menisco-tibial ligament (MMTL) transection. IRF7 silencing enhanced cell viability, reduced IL-18 and IL-1β levels and suppressed cell apoptosis. IRF7 knockdown decreased ROS and LDH levels, and inhibited pyroptosis in LPS-treated chondrocytes. IRF7 negatively regulated FGF21 expression. FGF21 overexpression alleviated pyroptosis in LPS-stimulated chondrocytes. Knockdown of IRF7 improved OA injury in mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that silencing of IRF7 alleviates OA by inhibiting chondrocyte pyroptosis via upregulation of FGF21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gong
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Afliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Meng He
- Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Liming Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Zhengang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Afliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Huang S, Wu B, He Y, Qiu R, Yang T, Wang S, Lei Y, Li H, Zheng F. Canagliflozin ameliorates the development of NAFLD by preventing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis through FGF21-ERK1/2 pathway. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0045. [PMID: 36757426 PMCID: PMC9916118 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that sodium-glucose co-transporter2 inhibitors go beyond their glycemic advantages to ameliorate the development of NAFLD. However, little research has been done on the underlying mechanisms. Here, we took deep insight into the effect of canagliflozin (CANA), one of the sodium-glucose co-transporter2 inhibitor, on the progression of NAFLD, and explored the molecular mechanisms. Our findings showed that CANA-treated ob/ob and diabetic mice developed improved glucose and insulin tolerance, although their body weights were comparable or even increased compared with the controls. The CANA treatment ameliorated hepatic steatosis and lipid accumulation of free fatty acid-treated AML12 cells, accompanied by decreased lipogenic gene expression and increased fatty acid β oxidation-related gene expression. Furthermore, inflammation and fibrosis genes decreased in the livers of CANA-treated ob/ob and diabetic mice mice. FGF21 and its downstream ERK1/2/AMPK signaling decreased, whereas NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis increased in the livers of the ob/ob and diabetic mice mice, which was reversed by the CANA treatment. In addition, blocking FGF21 or ERK1/2 activity antagonized the effects of CANA on NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in lipopolysaccharide plus nigericin-treated J774A.1 cells. We conclude that CANA treatment alleviated insulin resistance and the progression of NAFLD in ob/ob and diabetic mice mice independent of the body weight change. CANA protected against the progression of NAFLD by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and enhancing FGF21-ERK1/2 pathway activity in the liver. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of sodium-glucose co-transporter2 inhibitors in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Beibei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingzi He
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ruojun Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Fourth Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yongzhen Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fenping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Liu MY, Ju YN, Jia BW, Sun XK, Qiu L, Liu HY, Xu GX, Tai QH, Tan J, Gao W. Inhibition of DNA methylation attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231153587. [PMID: 36756846 PMCID: PMC9912569 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231153587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DNA methylation plays an important role in inflammation and oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhibiting DNA methylation on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI). METHODS We adopted a completely random design for our study. Thirty-two rats were randomized into the sham, LIRI, azathioprine (AZA), and pluripotin (SC1) groups. The rats in the LIRI, AZA, and SC1 groups received left lung transplantation and intravenous injection of saline, AZA, and SC1, respectively. After 24 hours of reperfusion, histological injury, the arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen ratio, the wet/dry weight ratio, protein and cytokine concentrations in lung tissue, and DNA methylation in lung tissue were evaluated. The pulmonary endothelium that underwent hypoxemia and reoxygenation was treated with AZA or SC1. Endothelial apoptosis, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, nuclear factor-κB, and apoptotic proteins in the endothelium were studied. RESULTS Inhibition of DNA methylation by AZA attenuated lung injury, inflammation, and the oxidative stress response, but SC1 aggravated LIRI injury. AZA significantly improved endothelial function, suppressed apoptosis and necrosis, reduced chemokines, and inhibited nuclear factor-κB. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of DNA methylation ameliorates LIRI and apoptosis and improves pulmonary function via the regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-yuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying-nan Ju
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital
of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bao-wei Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xi-kun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Heng-yu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guang-xiao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qi-hang Tai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Wei Gao, Department of Anesthesiology, The
Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin,
Heilongjiang 150081, China.
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Ju J, Liu Y, Liang H, Yang B. The role of pyroptosis in endothelial dysfunction induced by diseases. Front Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1093985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most organs in the body rely on blood flow, and vesicular damage is the leading cause of injury in multiple organs. The endothelium, as the barriers of vessels, play a critical role in ensuring vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. The rapid development of risk factors in endothelial injuries has been seen in the past decade, such as smoking, infectious, and diabetes mellites. Pyroptotic endothelium is an inflammatory mode of governed endothelial cell death that depend on the metabolic disorder and severe infectious such as atherosclerosis, and sepsis-related acute lung injury, respectively. Pyroptotic endothelial cells need GSDMD cleaved into N- and C-terminal by caspase1, and the cytokines are released by a pore constructed by the N-terminal of GSDMD in the membrane of ECs, finally resulting in severe inflammation and pyroptotic cell death. This review will focus on the patho-physiological and pharmacological pathways of pyroptotic endothelial metabolism in diseases. Overall, this review indicates that pyroptosis is a significant risk factor in diseases and a potential drug target in related diseases.
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Ju J, Liu Y, Liang H, Yang B. The role of pyroptosis in endothelial dysfunction induced by diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1093985. [PMID: 36776394 PMCID: PMC9910335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1093985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Most organs in the body rely on blood flow, and vesicular damage is the leading cause of injury in multiple organs. The endothelium, as the barriers of vessels, play a critical role in ensuring vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. The rapid development of risk factors in endothelial injuries has been seen in the past decade, such as smoking, infectious, and diabetes mellites. Pyroptotic endothelium is an inflammatory mode of governed endothelial cell death that depend on the metabolic disorder and severe infectious such as atherosclerosis, and sepsis-related acute lung injury, respectively. Pyroptotic endothelial cells need GSDMD cleaved into N- and C-terminal by caspase1, and the cytokines are released by a pore constructed by the N-terminal of GSDMD in the membrane of ECs, finally resulting in severe inflammation and pyroptotic cell death. This review will focus on the patho-physiological and pharmacological pathways of pyroptotic endothelial metabolism in diseases. Overall, this review indicates that pyroptosis is a significant risk factor in diseases and a potential drug target in related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ju
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,*Correspondence: Baofeng Yang,
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Yang N, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Yan J, Qian Z, Li H, Luo P, Yang Z, Luo M, Wei X, Nie H, Ruan L, Hao Y, Gao S, Zheng K, Zhang C, Zhang L. FGF21 at physiological concentrations regulates vascular endothelial cell function through multiple pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166558. [PMID: 36174877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are closely associated with dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells (VECs), which can be influenced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), but the effects of serum FGF21 on VECs remain unclear. We performed a cross-sectional study nested within a prospective cohort to assess the range of physiological concentrations of fasting serum FGF21 in 212 healthy individuals. We also treated human umbilical VECs (HUVECs) with recombinant FGF21 at different concentrations. The effects of FGF21 treatment on glycolysis, nitric oxide release and reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species were assessed. The cells were also collected for RNA transcriptomic sequencing to investigate the potential mechanisms induced by FGF21 treatment. In addition, the roles of SIRT1 in the regulation of FGF21 were evaluated by SIRT1 knockdown. The results showed that the serum FGF21 concentration in healthy individuals ranged from 15.70 to 499.96 pg/mL and was positively correlated with age and pulse wave velocity. FGF21 at 400 pg/mL was sufficient to enhance glycolysis, increase nitric oxide release and protect cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage. The upregulated genes after FGF21 treatment were mostly enriched in metabolic pathways, whereas the downregulated genes were mostly enriched in inflammation and apoptosis signaling pathways. Moreover, SIRT1 may be involved in the regulation of some genes by FGF21. In conclusion, our data indicate that FGF21 at a level within the physiological concentration range has a beneficial effect on HUVECs and that this effect may partly depend on the regulation of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zonghao Qian
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mandi Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuxian Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Nie
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Ruan
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shangbang Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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11
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Tang Y, Yan JH, Ge ZW, Fei AH, Zhang YC. LncRNA Gaplinc promotes the pyroptosis of vascular endothelial cells through SP1 binding to enhance NLRP3 transcription in atherosclerosis. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110420. [PMID: 35901931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, characterized by activation of the Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and its downstream effector inflammatory factors, has been shown to play a crucial role in atherosclerosis development. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the progression of pyroptosis. However, the role and mechanism of the novel lncRNA gastric adenocarcinoma associated, positive CD44 regulator (Gaplinc), in endothelial cell pyroptosis during atherosclerosis development remain unexplored. Bioinformatics was performed to evaluate dysregulated lncRNAs in atherosclerotic mice fed a high-fat diet. The effect of Gaplinc on atherosclerosis progression in vivo was assessed via Oil Red O staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Its function in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced pyroptosis of endothelial cells was determined through ectopic expression. Additionally, RNA pull-down and immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to determine Gaplinc and transcription factor SP1 interactions. Then the pyroptosis pathway proteins were analyzed via immunofluorescence and western blotting. We found that lncRNA Gaplinc was highly expressed in ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells as well as in the plaque and plasma of high-fat diet-treated ApoE-/- mice. Gaplinc silencing significantly inhibited endothelial cell pyroptosis and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Mechanistically, Gaplinc could interact with SP1 to bind to the NLRP3 promoter and upregulate the target gene expression of NLRP3, facilitating endothelial cell pyroptosis and atherosclerotic plaque enlargement in high- fat diet-fed mice. In conclusion, our results revealed the underlying mechanism of the lncRNA Gaplinc /SP1/NLRP3 axis in endothelial cell pyroptosis, which may provide new potential targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo-Wang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Hua Fei
- Department of General Family Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ya-Chen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Jiang H, Zhou Y, Nabavi SM, Sahebkar A, Little PJ, Xu S, Weng J, Ge J. Mechanisms of Oxidized LDL-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction and Its Consequences for the Development of Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:925923. [PMID: 35722128 PMCID: PMC9199460 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.925923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an immuno-metabolic disease involving chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetics, and metabolic dysfunction. There is compelling evidence suggesting numerous modifications including the change of the size, density, and biochemical properties in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) within the vascular wall. These modifications of LDL, in addition to LDL transcytosis and retention, contribute to the initiation, development and clinical consequences of atherosclerosis. Among different atherogenic modifications of LDL, oxidation represents a primary modification. A series of pathophysiological changes caused by oxidized LDL (oxLDL) enhance the formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques. OxLDL also promotes the development of fatty streaks and atherogenesis through induction of endothelial dysfunction, formation of foam cells, monocyte chemotaxis, proliferation and migration of SMCs, and platelet activation, which culminate in plaque instability and ultimately rupture. This article provides a concise review of the formation of oxLDL, enzymes mediating LDL oxidation, and the receptors and pro-atherogenic signaling pathways of oxLDL in vascular cells. The review also explores how oxLDL functions in different stages of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Future targeted pathways and therapies aiming at reducing LDL oxidation and/or lowering oxLDL levels and oxLDL-mediated pro-inflammatory responses are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yongwen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peter J. Little
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Suowen Xu ; orcid.org/0000-0002-5488-5217
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Jianping Weng ; orcid.org/0000-0002-7889-1697
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Ge ; orcid.org/0000-0002-9424-6049
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13
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Qiu Y, Li L, Guo X, Liu J, Xu L, Li Y. Exogenous spermine inhibits high glucose/oxidized LDL‑induced oxidative stress and macrophage pyroptosis by activating the Nrf2 pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:310. [PMID: 35350102 PMCID: PMC8943647 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that macrophage pyroptosis promotes the progression of diabetic atherosclerosis. Spermine, a natural cellular metabolite, demonstrates a protective effect against cardiovascular diseases. However, whether spermine has a protective effect against macrophage pyroptosis caused by high glucose (HG) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) conditions remains to be elucidated. To investigate the protective effect of spermine and the related underlying mechanism, THP-1 macrophages were treated with HG/ox-LDL, spermine, or the specific nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) inhibitor ML385. Cell viability was detected using CCK-8, cell membrane permeability was analyzed using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Hoechst/propidium iodide staining and pyroptosis-related gene and protein expression levels were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Spermine showed a potent preventive effect on THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis and oxidative stress induced by HG/ox-LDL. Cells treated with spermine showed increased cell viability, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreased LDH levels in the supernatant and reduced cell swelling. In addition, spermine significantly reduced NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, cleaved caspase-1, N-gasdermin D and IL-1β expression, as well as IL-1β levels in the supernatant. This demonstrated that the inhibition of pyroptosis and oxidative stress due to spermine was Nrf2 dependent. Furthermore, spermine enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, thereby increasing heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 expression, which subsequently reduced ROS production. In addition, the anti-pyroptotic and antioxidant effects of spermine were reversed by ML385 inhibition of Nrf2. It was concluded that spermine prevented macrophage pyroptosis and increased ROS overproduction by activating the Nrf2 pathway. The data suggested that spermine may be a potential novel drug for the treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis because it targets macrophage pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, P.R. China
| | - Linna Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Harbin City First Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Harbin City First Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Jiangwen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150007, P.R. China
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14
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Zhang Y, Liu D, Long XX, Fang QC, Jia WP, Li HT. The role of FGF21 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:2931-2943. [PMID: 34939977 PMCID: PMC8710326 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing worldwide and seriously threaten human life and health. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a metabolic regulator, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism and may exert beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. In recent years, FGF21 has been found to act directly on the cardiovascular system and may be used as an early biomarker of CVDs. The present review highlights the recent progress in understanding the relationship between FGF21 and CVDs including coronary heart disease, myocardial ischemia, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure and also explores the related mechanism of the cardioprotective effect of FGF21. FGF21 plays an important role in the prediction, treatment, and improvement of prognosis in CVDs. This cardioprotective effect of FGF21 may be achieved by preventing endothelial dysfunction and lipid accumulating, inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and regulating the associated oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy. In conclusion, FGF21 is a promising target for the treatment of CVDs, however, its clinical application requires further clarification of the precise role of FGF21 in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Long
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Qi-Chen Fang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wei-Ping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hua-Ting Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
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15
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Ouyang R, Zhao X, Zhang R, Yang J, Li S, Deng D. FGF21 attenuates high uric acid‑induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by activating Sirt1. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:35. [PMID: 34850960 PMCID: PMC8669652 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. Hyperuricemia has been previously reported to contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction and the development of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney diseases. In addition, it has been reported that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) can exert regulatory effects on UA‑induced lipid accumulation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible role of FGF21 in HUVEC cell injury induced by UA. The study used UA to induce HUVEC cell injury, inhibited sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) expression using EX527 and overexpressed FGF21 by transfection. Subsequently, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression levels of FGF21, Sirt1 and inflammatory cytokines TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, whereas western blotting was performed to measure their corresponding protein expression levels including FGF21, Sirt1, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, pro‑caspase1, apoptosis‑associated speck‑like protein containing a CARD, activating transcription factor 4, C/EBP homologous protein and eukaryotic initiation factor 2. Furthermore, dichloro‑dihydro‑fluorescein diacetate staining was performed to measure intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HUVECs. The levels of ROS and nitric oxide were also quantified using commercial assay kits. The results demonstrated that overexpression of FGF21 significantly inhibited UA treatment‑induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation and oxidative stress in HUVECs. Furthermore, overexpression of FGF21 significantly activated Sirt1. The sirt1 inhibitor, EX527, significantly abrogated the suppressive effects of FGF21 overexpression on ER stress, inflammation and oxidative stress in UA‑stimulated HUVECs. To conclude, results of the present study suggested that FGF21 may attenuate UA‑induced ER stress, inflammation and vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by activating Sirt1. Therefore, FGF21 may be a potential effective target for the future treatment of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ouyang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Siyin Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Daihua Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
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16
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Wu A, Feng B, Yu J, Yan L, Che L, Zhuo Y, Luo Y, Yu B, Wu D, Chen D. Fibroblast growth factor 21 attenuates iron overload-induced liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting ferroptosis. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102131. [PMID: 34530349 PMCID: PMC8445902 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis plays a role in several diseases such as iron overload-induced liver diseases. Manipulation of ferroptosis has been explored as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat related diseases. Numerous antioxidants have been identified to control ferroptosis but the cell-autonomous mechanisms responsible for regulating ferroptosis remain elusive. In the present study, we found that iron overload promoted ferroptosis in hepatocytes by excessively inducing HO-1 expression, which contributed to the progression of liver injury and fibrosis, accompanied by the upregulation of the FGF21 protein level in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, both recombinant FGF21 and Fgf21 overexpression significantly protected against iron overload-induced hepatocytes mitochondria damage, liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting ferroptosis. In contrast, the loss of FGF21 aggravated iron overload-induced ferroptosis. Notably, FGF21-induced HO-1 inhibition (via the promotion of HO-1 ubiquitination and degradation) and NRF2 activation provide a mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon. Taken together, we identified FGF21 as a novel ferroptosis suppressor. Thus, FGF21 activation may provide an effective strategy for the potential treatment of iron overload-induced ferroptosis-related diseases, such as hereditary haemochromatosis (HH). Iron overload robustly induces hepatic FGF21 expression both in vitro and in vivo. FGF21 suppresses iron overload-induced hepatocytes ferroptosis. Constitutive HO-1 activation contributes to iron overload-induced ferroptosis in hepatocytes. FGF21 protects hepatocytes from iron overload-induced ferroptosis by stimulating HO-1 ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - De Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Du T, Gao J, Li P, Wang Y, Qi Q, Liu X, Li J, Wang C, Du L. Pyroptosis, metabolism, and tumor immune microenvironment. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e492. [PMID: 34459122 PMCID: PMC8329701 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to a wide range of stimulations, host cells activate pyroptosis, a kind of inflammatory cell death which is provoked by the cytosolic sensing of danger signals and pathogen infection. In manipulating the cleavage of gasdermins (GSDMs), researchers have found that GSDM proteins serve as the real executors and the deterministic players in fate decisions of pyroptotic cells. Whether inflammatory characteristics induced by pyroptosis could cause damage the host or improve immune activity is largely dependent on the context, timing, and response degree. Here, we systematically review current points involved in regulatory mechanisms and the multidimensional roles of pyroptosis in several metabolic diseases and the tumor microenvironment. Targeting pyroptosis may reveal potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Du
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Qiuchen Qi
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker DetectionJinanShandongChina
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical LaboratoryJinanShandongChina
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker DetectionJinanShandongChina
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical LaboratoryJinanShandongChina
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18
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Tan Z, Li L. Expression of LncRNA DLGAP1-AS1 in a Mouse Model of Atherosclerosis and Its Effect on Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of vascular endothelial injury is key to the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). This research explores the expression of lncRNA DLGAP1-AS1 in a mouse model of atherosclerosis and its effect on ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury. A mouse model of AS was
constructed, and DLGAP1-AS1 expression was detected using the nano real-time PCR method. Vascular endothelial cells (VEC) are categorized into four groups. Flow cytometry detects cell apoptosis, and Western blot detects Bax and Bcl-2 expressions; WST-8 method detects level of SOD. Thiobarbituric
acid method, Ammonium molybdate colorimetric method, DCFH-DA method were used to detect MDA, CAT, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, respectively. Bioinformatics software predicted the target genes of DLGAP1-AS1. DLGAP1-AS1 expression was raised in AS mice, apoptotic rate and Bax expression
in the ox-LDL group were raised, Bcl-2 expression was abated, MDA and ROS levels were raised, SOD and CAT levels were abated than in control. The si-DLGAP1-AS1+ox-LDL group decreased cell death and Bax expression, increased Bcl-2 expression, decreased MDA and ROS levels, and increased SOD
and CAT levels than in the si-NC+ox-LDL group. Down-regulation of DLGAP1-AS1 was targeted in order to promote miR-26a-5p expression. Compared with co-transfection with DLGAP1-AS1 siRNA and inhibitor control, the apoptosis rate and Bax expression were increased after co-transfection with DLGAP1-AS1
siRNA and miR-26a-5p inhibitor, Bcl-2 expression was decreased, and MDA and ROS levels were increased, the level of SOD and CAT were decreased. DLGAP1-AS1 was up-regulated in AS mice and downregulated to promote miR-26a-5p to inhibit ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell death and oxidative
damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengli Tan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Emergency, Beijing First Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing 100026, PR China
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Popovic N, Hooker E, Barabino A, Flamier A, Provost F, Buscarlet M, Bernier G, Larrivée B. COCO/DAND5 inhibits developmental and pathological ocular angiogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e12005. [PMID: 33587337 PMCID: PMC7933934 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization contributes to multiple visual disorders including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinopathy of prematurity. Current therapies for treating ocular angiogenesis are centered on the inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). While clinically effective, some AMD patients are refractory or develop resistance to anti-VEGF therapies and concerns of increased risks of developing geographic atrophy following long-term treatment have been raised. Identification of alternative pathways to inhibit pathological angiogenesis is thus important. We have identified a novel inhibitor of angiogenesis, COCO, a member of the Cerberus-related DAN protein family. We demonstrate that COCO inhibits sprouting, migration and cellular proliferation of cultured endothelial cells. Intravitreal injections of COCO inhibited retinal vascularization during development and in models of retinopathy of prematurity. COCO equally abrogated angiogenesis in models of choroidal neovascularization. Mechanistically, COCO inhibited TGFβ and BMP pathways and altered energy metabolism and redox balance of endothelial cells. Together, these data show that COCO is an inhibitor of retinal and choroidal angiogenesis, possibly representing a therapeutic option for the treatment of neovascular ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalija Popovic
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
- Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
| | - Erika Hooker
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
- Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
| | - Andrea Barabino
- Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
| | - Anthony Flamier
- Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
- Present address:
Whitehead Institute of Biomedical ResearchCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | | | - Gilbert Bernier
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
- Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
| | - Bruno Larrivée
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
- Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
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20
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Zeng J, Tao J, Xi L, Wang Z, Liu L. PCSK9 mediates the oxidative low‑density lipoprotein‑induced pyroptosis of vascular endothelial cells via the UQCRC1/ROS pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:53. [PMID: 33576442 PMCID: PMC7895513 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the role and mechanisms of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced pyroptosis of vascular endothelial cells. For this purpose, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with oxLDL (100 µg/ml) for 24 h to induce pyroptosis, which was detected using PI/hoechst33342 double staining. The expression of pyroptosis-associated molecules was measured by western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane potential were examined through ROS probe and JC-1 staining, respectively. PCSK9 and mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 (UQCRC1) protein were knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA). PCSK9 was overexpressed by lentivirus. The results revealed that oxLDL induced HUVEC injury, pyroptosis and inflammatory factor release, and upregulated the expression of PCSK9 protein in the HUVECs in a concentration-dependent manner. The silencing of PCSK9 expression with siRNA suppressed the oxLDL-induced damage to HUVECs, the release of inflammatory substances and the occurrence of pyroptosis. In addition, oxLDL inhibited UQCRC1 expression, promoted mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and damaged mitochondrial function; however, these processes were reversed by the silencing of PCSK9. PCSK9 overexpression induced the pyroptosis of HUVECs, the generation of ROS and the disorder of mitochondrial function by inhibiting UQCRC1. Therefore, PCSK9 mediates the oxLDL-induced pyroptosis of vascular endothelial cells via the UQCRC1/ROS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfa Zeng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Linzhen Xi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Lushan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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21
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He X, Fan X, Bai B, Lu N, Zhang S, Zhang L. Pyroptosis is a critical immune-inflammatory response involved in atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105447. [PMID: 33516832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death activated by various stimuli and is characterized by inflammasome assembly, membrane pore formation, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18). Atherosclerosis-related risk factors, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and cholesterol crystals, have been shown to promote pyroptosis through several mechanisms that involve ion flux, ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal rupture, Golgi function, autophagy, noncoding RNAs, post-translational modifications, and the expression of related molecules. Pyroptosis of endothelial cells, macrophages, and smooth muscle cells in the vascular wall can induce plaque instability and accelerate atherosclerosis progression. In this review, we focus on the pathogenesis, influence, and therapy of pyroptosis in atherosclerosis and provide novel ideas for suppressing pyroptosis and the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Nanjuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Shuang Zhang
- General Surgery, Harbin Changzheng Hospital, 363 Xuan Hua Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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22
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Wang G, Yang Y, Ma H, Shi L, Jia W, Hao X, Liu W. LncRNA FENDRR Inhibits ox-LDL Induced Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Disorder in Aortic Endothelial Cells via miR-18a-5p/PGC-1 α Signaling Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:622665. [PMID: 33912133 PMCID: PMC8072360 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.622665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to AS. At present, several signaling pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction have been found, one of which is around PGC-1α. PGC-1α is a transcription activator, which is related to mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense. In this study, we explored the effect of miR-18a-5p/PGC-1α signaling pathway on mitochondrial energy metabolism in HAECs with ox-LDL treatment. The results showed that the mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder in HAECs treated by ox-LDL was related to the downregulation of LncRNA FENDRR and PGC-1α. FENDRR could reverse ox-LDL induced mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder and upregulate the PGC-1α expression. FENDRR could be used as ceRNA to inhibit the miR-18a-5p expression and reduce the negative regulation of miR-18a-5p on PGC-1α. Downregulation of miR-18a-5p expression or upregulation of PGC-1α in ox-LDL treated HAECs could reverse mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder. In conclusion, these findings suggested that FENDRR/miR-18a-5p/PGC-1α signaling pathway regulated mitochondrial energy metabolism in HAECs; ox-LDL downregulated the expression of PGC-1α and cause mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder by inhibiting this signal pathway.
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Tao J, Xia L, Cai Z, Liang L, Chen Y, Meng J, Wang Z. Interaction Between microRNA and DNA Methylation in Atherosclerosis. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 40:101-115. [PMID: 33259723 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease accompanied by complex pathological changes, such as endothelial dysfunction, foam cell formation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Many approaches, including regulating AS-related gene expression in the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level, contribute to alleviating AS development. The DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic modification in regulating cell function by silencing the relative gene expression. The microRNA (miRNA) is a type of noncoding RNA that plays an important role in gene post-transcriptional regulation and disease development. The DNA methylation and the miRNA are important epigenetic factors in AS. However, recent studies have found a mutual regulation between these two factors in AS development. In this study, recent insights into the roles of miRNA and DNA methylation and their interaction in the AS progression are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linzhen Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zemin Cai
- Department of Pediatrics and The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lingli Liang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Functional Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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24
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Upregulation of miR-223 abrogates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis to attenuate oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced cell death in human vascular endothelial cells (ECs). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:670-679. [PMID: 32914384 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
MiR-223 is closely associated with pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD); however, the molecular mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, the human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to induce cellular CAD models in vitro. We found that ox-LDL inhibited cell proliferation and viability, and promoted cell apoptosis in ECs. Of note, ox-LDL promoted cell pyroptosis, and both the pyroptosis inhibitor necrosulfonamide (NSA) and NLRP3 ablation restored cell viability in ECs treated with ox-LDL, indicating that ox-LDL induced EC death by triggering cell pyroptosis. In addition, miR-223 was downregulated by ox-LDL in ECs, and miR-223 overexpression rescued cell viability in ECs treated with ox-LDL. Interestingly, there existed targeting sites in miR-223 and 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of NLRP3 mRNA, and further experiments validated that miR-223 negatively regulated NLRP3 expressions in ECs at both transcriptional and translational levels. Finally, we verified that upregulation of NLRP3 abrogated the protective effects of miR-223 overexpression on ox-LDL-treated ECs. Collectively, this in vitro study proved that overexpression of miR-223 protected ox-LDL-stimulated ECs from death through inactivating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic cell death.
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25
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Pulse Wave Velocity Is Associated with Increased Plasma oxLDL in Ageing but Not with FGF21 and Habitual Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030221. [PMID: 32156043 PMCID: PMC7139299 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and adiponectin increase the expression of genes involved in antioxidant pathways, but their roles in mediating oxidative stress and arterial stiffness with ageing and habitual exercise remain unknown. We explored the role of the FGF21-adiponectin axis in mediating oxidative stress and arterial stiffness with ageing and habitual exercise. Eighty age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were assigned to younger sedentary or active (18-36 years old, n = 20 each) and older sedentary or active (45-80 years old, n = 20 each) groups. Arterial stiffness was measured indirectly using pulse wave velocity (PWV). Fasted plasma concentrations of FGF21, adiponectin and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) were measured. PWV was 0.2-fold higher and oxLDL concentration was 25.6% higher (both p < 0.001) in older than younger adults, despite no difference in FGF21 concentration (p = 0.097) between age groups. PWV (p = 0.09) and oxLDL concentration (p = 0.275) did not differ between activity groups but FGF21 concentration was 9% lower in active than sedentary individuals (p = 0.011). Adiponectin concentration did not differ by age (p = 0.642) or exercise habits (p = 0.821). In conclusion, age, but not habitual exercise, was associated with higher oxidative stress and arterial stiffness. FGF21 and adiponectin did not differ between younger and older adults, meaning that it is unlikely that they mediate oxidative stress and arterial stiffness in healthy adults.
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