1
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Ma J, Wang S, Liu H, Li J, Cui S. Mechanism of the apoptosis of bone marrow erythroblasts in rats under hypobaric hypoxia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 108:102861. [PMID: 38839522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2024.102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the apoptosis of erythroblasts in rat bone marrow after the exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. Male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups. The hypoxic group was kept in a hypobaric hypoxia chamber at a simulated altitude of 5000 m for 7 and 28 days, respectively. The control group was kept at an altitude of 2260 m. We found that myeloid: erythroid (M:E) ratio was significantly lower after hypoxia exposure and the proportions of polychromatic erythroblasts and orthochromatic erythroblasts significantly increased compared to control group, along with significant increase in the proportion of CD71+ cells and apoptosis rate. The expression levels of caspase-3, Bax, and Cyt-C in CD71+ cells were higher after hypoxia exposure than those in control group, while there was no significant difference in the expression levels of TNFR and Fas. In conclusion, after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia the proliferation of peripheral blood and bone marrow erythroblasts in rats increased, and apoptosis also increased, indicating that bone marrow erythroblasts in rats is regulated by both proliferation and apoptosis, and the mitochondrial pathway is one of the important pathways for apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Shengyan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Jinjie Li
- Department of Hematology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Sen Cui
- Department of Hematology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Xining, Qinghai, China.
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2
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Li K, Luobu G, Wu P, Ciren D, Xiao X, Li K, Li Q. Ameliorating effects of the HIF-2α inhibitor PT2385 on high-altitude polycythemia. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 201:106857. [PMID: 39032535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
High-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) is a common chronic altitude disease caused by living in low-pressure and low-oxygen environment. At present, there is still no effective cure for HAPC. HIF-2α may play an important role in the development of HAPC in regulating the increased red blood cell excessively induced by HIF-EPO and the blood vessel formation induced by VEGF-VEGFR. Here, we established a rat HAPC model and treated it with the HIF-2α inhibitor PT2385. We mainly evaluated the therapeutic effect of PT2385 on HAPC rats by observing the changes in rat phenotype, tissue and organ damage, red blood cell and hemoglobin content, angiogenesis, lipid peroxidation reaction, and inflammatory factors. The results showed that PT2385 treatment improved the congestion phenotype characteristics, inhibited increased erythrocytes and hemoglobin, reduced blood vessel formation, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation, and reduced tissue and organ damage in HAPC rats. This study preliminarly explains the physiological, pathological, and immunological effects of PT2385 treatment for HAPC. It provides a new idea, a reliable experimental basis, and theoretical support for the clinical prevention and treatment of HAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Tibet Plateau Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Gesang Luobu
- Tibet Plateau Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Occupational Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China
| | - Dawa Ciren
- Tibet Plateau Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ka Li
- Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qijie Li
- Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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3
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Wang S, Ma J, Qiu H, Liu S, Zhang S, Liu H, Zhang P, Ge RL, Li G, Cui S. Plasma exosomal microRNA expression profiles in patients with high-altitude polycythemia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2023; 98:102707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2022.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Zhu MM, Ma Y, Tang M, Pan L, Liu WL. Hypoxia-induced upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 increases basement membrane degradation by downregulating collagen type IV alpha 1 chain. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia can cause basement membrane (BM) degradation in tissues. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is involved in various human cancers as well as BM degradation by downregulating type IV collagen (COL4). This study investigated the role of MMP-9 in hypoxia-mediated BM degradation in rat bone marrow based on its regulation of collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1). Eighty male rats were randomly divided into four groups based on exposure to hypoxic conditions at a simulated altitude of 7,000 m, control (normoxia) and 3, 7, and 10 days of hypoxia exposure. BM degradation in bone marrow was determined by transmission electron microscopy. MMP-9 levels were assessed by western blot and real-time PCR, and COL4A1 levels were assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Microvessels BMs in bone marrow exposed to acute hypoxia were observed by electron microscopy. MMP-9 expression increased, COL4A1 protein expression decreased, and BM degradation occurred in the 10-, 7-, and 3-day hypoxia groups compared with that in the control group (all P < 0.05). Hypoxia increased MMP-9 levels, which in turn downregulated COL4A1, thereby increasing BM degradation. MMP-9 upregulation significantly promoted BM degradation and COL4A1 downregulation. Our results suggest that MMP-9 is related to acute hypoxia-induced BM degradation in bone marrow by regulating COL4A1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - WL Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China;
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5
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ZHU MM, MA Y, TANG M, PAN L, LIU WL. Hypoxia-induced upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 increases basement membrane degradation by downregulating collagen type IV alpha 1 chain. Physiol Res 2022; 71:825-834. [PMID: 36281728 PMCID: PMC9814978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia can cause basement membrane (BM) degradation in tissues. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is involved in various human cancers as well as BM degradation by downregulating type IV collagen (COL4). This study investigated the role of MMP-9 in hypoxia-mediated BM degradation in rat bone marrow based on its regulation of collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1). Eighty male rats were randomly divided into four groups based on exposure to hypoxic conditions at a simulated altitude of 7,000 m, control (normoxia) and 3, 7, and 10 days of hypoxia exposure. BM degradation in bone marrow was determined by transmission electron microscopy. MMP-9 levels were assessed by western blot and real-time PCR, and COL4A1 levels were assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Microvessels BMs in bone marrow exposed to acute hypoxia were observed by electron microscopy. MMP-9 expression increased, COL4A1 protein expression decreased, and BM degradation occurred in the 10-, 7-, and 3-day hypoxia groups compared with that in the control group (all P < 0.05). Hypoxia increased MMP-9 levels, which in turn downregulated COL4A1, thereby increasing BM degradation. MMP-9 upregulation significantly promoted BM degradation and COL4A1 downregulation. Our results suggest that MMP-9 is related to acute hypoxia-induced BM degradation in bone marrow by regulating COL4A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming ZHU
- Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yi MA
- Qinghai University, Xining, China,Qinghai University High Altitude Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine Ministry of Education Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Medicine Application Basics Xining, China
| | - Meng TANG
- The First People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Li PAN
- Xi’an Daxing Hospital, Xi’an, China
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6
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Qin Q, Liu Y, Yang Z, Aimaijiang M, Ma R, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Signaling in Osteogenesis and Skeletal Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911201. [PMID: 36232501 PMCID: PMC9569554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufficient oxygen is required to maintain normal cellular and physiological function, such as a creature’s development, breeding, and homeostasis. Lately, some researchers have reported that both pathological hypoxia and environmental hypoxia might affect bone health. Adaptation to hypoxia is a pivotal cellular event in normal cell development and differentiation and in pathological settings such as ischemia. As central mediators of homeostasis, hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) can allow cells to survive in a low-oxygen environment and are essential for the regulation of osteogenesis and skeletal repair. From this perspective, we summarized the role of HIF-1 and HIF-2 in signaling pathways implicated in bone development and skeletal repair and outlined the molecular mechanism of regulation of downstream growth factors and protein molecules such as VEGF, EPO, and so on. All of these present an opportunity for developing therapies for bone regeneration.
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Moszyńska A, Jaśkiewicz M, Serocki M, Cabaj A, Crossman DK, Bartoszewska S, Gebert M, Dąbrowski M, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. The hypoxia-induced changes in miRNA-mRNA in RNA-induced silencing complexes and HIF-2 induced miRNAs in human endothelial cells. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22412. [PMID: 35713587 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101987r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cellular adaptive response to hypoxia relies on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), HIF-1 and HIF-2. HIFs regulate global gene expression changes during hypoxia that are necessary for restoring oxygen homeostasis and promoting cell survival. In the early stages of hypoxia, HIF-1 is elevated, whereas at the later stages, HIF-2 becomes the predominant form. What governs the transition between the two HIFs (the HIF switch) and the role of miRNAs in this regulation are not completely clear. Genome-wide expression studies on the miRNA content of RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISC) in HUVECs exposed to hypoxia compared to the global miRNA-Seq analysis revealed very specific differences between these two populations. We analyzed the miRNA and mRNA composition of RISC at 2 h (mainly HIF-1 driven), 8 h (HIF-1 and HIF-2 elevated), and 16 h (mainly HIF-2 driven) in a gene ontology context. This allowed for determining the direct impact of the miRNAs in modulating the cellular signaling pathways involved in the hypoxic adaptive response. Our results indicate that the miRNA-mRNA RISC components control the adaptive responses, and this does not always rely on the miRNA transcriptional elevations during hypoxia. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the hypoxic levels of the vast majority of HIF-1-dependent miRNAs (including miR-210-3p) are also HIF-2 dependent and that HIF-2 governs the expression of 11 specific miRNAs. In summary, the switch from HIF-1 to HIF-2 during hypoxia provides an important level of miRNA-driven control in the adaptive pathways in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Moszyńska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Cabaj
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, The UAB Genomics Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gebert
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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8
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Yang M, Zhu M, Song K, Wuren T, Yan J, Ge RL, Ji L, Cui S. VHL gene methylation contributes to excessive erythrocytosis in chronic mountain sickness rat model by upregulating the HIF-2α/EPO pathway. Life Sci 2020; 266:118873. [PMID: 33309718 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of erythrocytosis in chronic mountain sickness (CMS). von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is a key regulator of hypoxia that can direct the poly-ubiquitylation and degradation of HIFs. Epigenetic mechanisms are believed to contribute toward adaption to chronic hypoxia. Here, we investigated the contribution and mechanism of VHL methylation in rats with erythrocytosis in CMS. MAIN METHODS The methylation status of VHL was measured via bisulfite sequencing PCR, while VHL, DNMT1, DNMT3α, and DNMT3β expression were assessed using real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. HIF-2α and EPO expression levels in bone marrow were determined via immunohistochemical staining, and erythroid hyperplasia in bone marrow sections were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. KEY FINDINGS We found that chronic hypoxia triggered erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow and increased the quantity of peripheral red blood cells in CMS rats. Chronic hypoxia significantly induced methylation at the CpG site in the VHL promoter, decreased VHL expression, and increased HIF-2α and EPO expression. Chronic hypoxia increased DNMT3α and DNMT3β expression, consistent with the decrease in VHL expression. The DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine reduced chronic hypoxia-induced erythroid proliferation in the bone marrow of rats with CMS by suppressing VHL methylation and DNMTs expression. SIGNIFICANCE Our study suggests that VHL methylation contributes toward excessive erythrocytosis in CMS by upregulating the HIF-2α/EPO pathway in the bone marrow of rats. We demonstrated that the DNMT inhibitor 5-azacytidine can attenuate erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow by demethylating the VHL promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China
| | - Mingming Zhu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China; Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Kang Song
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China; Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810001, China
| | - Tanna Wuren
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China
| | - Linhua Ji
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China; Huadu District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510800, China.
| | - Sen Cui
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China; Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China.
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9
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Sánchez K, Ballaz SJ. Might a high hemoglobin mass be involved in non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema? The case of the chronic maladaptation to high-altitude in the Andes. Med Hypotheses 2020; 146:110418. [PMID: 33268002 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to hypoxic environments when ascending at high altitudes may cause life-threatening pulmonary edema (HAPE) due to a rapid accumulation of extracellular fluid flooding in the pulmonary alveoli. In Andeans, high-altitude adaptation occurs at the expense of being more prone to chronic mountain sickness: relative hypoventilation, excess pulmonary hypertension, and secondary polycythemia. Because HAPE prevalence is high in the Andes, we posit the hypothesis that a high hemoglobine mass may increase HAPE risk. In support of it, high intrapulmonary hypertension along with hyperviscosity produced by polycytemia may enhance sear forces and intravascular hemolysis, thus leading to increased acellular hemoglobin and the subsequent damage of the alveolar and endothelial barrier. It is proposed to investigate the relationship between the vaso-endothelial homeostasis and erythropoiesis in the maladaptation to high altitude and HAPE. This research is especially important when reentry HAPE, since rheologic properties of blood changes with rapid ascent to high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Sánchez
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering. Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Santiago J Ballaz
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering. Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ecuador.
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10
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Liu H, Tang F, Su J, Ma J, Qin Y, Ji L, Geng H, Wang S, Zhang P, Liu J, Cui S, Ge RL, Li Z. EPAS1 regulates proliferation of erythroblasts in chronic mountain sickness. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 84:102446. [PMID: 32470757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive erythrocytosis (EE) is a characteristic of chronic mountain sickness (CMS). Currently, the pathogenesis of CMS remains unclear. This study was intended to investigate the role of EPAS1 in the proliferation of erythroblasts in CMS. Changes of HIF-1α and EPAS1/HIF-2α in the bone marrow erythroblasts of 21 patients with CMS and 14 control subjects residing at the same altitudes were determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. We also developed a lentiviral vector, Lv-EPAS1/sh-EPAS1, to over-express/silence EPAS1 in K562 cells. Cells cycle and proliferation were detected by flow cytometry. Transcriptome analyses were carried out on Illumina. CMS patients showed a higher expression of EPAS1/HIF-2α in the bone marrow erythroblasts than those of controls. Variations in EPAS1 expression in CMS patients were positively correlated with RBC levels, and negatively correlated with SaO2. Over-expressing of EPAS1 in K562 cells accelerated the erythroid cells cycle progression and promoted the erythroid cells proliferation-and vice versa. Transcriptome data indicated that proliferation-related DEGs were significantly enriched in EPAS1 overexpression/silencing K562 cells. Our results suggest that EPAS1 might participate in the pathogenesis of EE by regulating the proliferation of erythroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Liu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yajing Qin
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Linhua Ji
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Hui Geng
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shengyan Wang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Peili Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Junli Liu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Sen Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Zhanquan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China.
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11
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Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Microvessel Proliferation and Basal Membrane Degradation in the Bone Marrow of Rats Regulated through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/MMP-9 Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9204708. [PMID: 32047820 PMCID: PMC7003287 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9204708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia (CH) is characterized by long-term hypoxia that is associated with microvessel proliferation and basal membrane (BM) degradation in tissues. The IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/MMP-9 pathway has been described in a variety of human cancers and plays an essential role in microvessel proliferation and BM degradation. Therefore, this study investigated the role of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/MMP-9 pathway in hypoxia-mediated microvessel proliferation and BM degradation in the rat bone marrow. Eighty pathogen-free Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups (20 per group)—control group, CH group (exposed to hypoxia in a hypobaric chamber at a simulated altitude of 5000 m for 28 d), CH + STAT3 inhibitor group (7.5 mg/kg/d), and CH + DMSO group. Microvessel density (MVD) and BM degradation in the bone marrow were determined by immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. Serum IL-6 levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the levels of P-JAK2, P-STAT3, and MMP-9 were assessed by western blot analysis and real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Hypoxia increased serum IL-6 levels, which in turn increased JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation, which subsequently upregulated MMP-9. Overexpression of MMP-9 significantly promoted the elevation of MVD and BM degradation. Inhibition of STAT3 using an inhibitor, SH-4-54, significantly downregulated MMP-9 expression and decreased MVD and BM degradation. Surprisingly, STAT3 inhibition also decreased serum IL-6 levels and JAK2 phosphorylation. Our results suggest that the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/MMP-9 pathway might be related to CH-induced microvessel proliferation and BM degradation in the bone marrow.
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12
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Bermudez D, Azad P, Figueroa-Mujíca R, Vizcardo-Galindo G, Corante N, Guerra-Giraldez C, Haddad GG, Villafuerte FC. Increased hypoxic proliferative response and gene expression in erythroid progenitor cells of Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R49-R56. [PMID: 31617751 PMCID: PMC6985794 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00250.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Excessive erythrocytosis (EE) is the main sign of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), a maladaptive clinical syndrome prevalent in Andean and other high-altitude populations worldwide. The pathophysiological mechanism of EE is still controversial, as physiological variability of systemic respiratory, cardiovascular, and hormonal responses to chronic hypoxemia complicates the identification of underlying causes. Induced pluripotent stem cells derived from CMS highlanders showed increased expression of genes relevant to the regulation of erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, cardiovascular, and steroid-hormone function that appear to explain the exaggerated erythropoietic response. However, the cellular response to hypoxia in native CMS cells is yet unknown. This study had three related aims: to determine the hypoxic proliferation of native erythroid progenitor burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) cells derived from CMS and non-CMS peripheral blood mononuclear cells; to examine their sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1), GATA-binding factor 1 (GATA1), erythropoietin (EPO), and EPO receptor (EPOR) expression; and to investigate the functional upstream role of SENP1 in native progenitor differentiation into erythroid precursors. Native CMS BFU-E colonies showed increased proliferation under hypoxic conditions compared with non-CMS cells, together with an upregulated expression of SENP1, GATA1, EPOR; and no difference in EPO expression. Knock-down of the SENP1 gene abolished the augmented proliferative response. Thus, we demonstrate that native CMS progenitor cells produce a larger proportion of erythroid precursors under hypoxia and that SENP1 is essential for proliferation. Our findings suggest a significant intrinsic component for developing EE in CMS highlanders at the cellular and gene expression level that could be further enhanced by systemic factors such as alterations in respiratory control, or differential hormonal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bermudez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Priti Azad
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Rómulo Figueroa-Mujíca
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Noemí Corante
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Cristina Guerra-Giraldez
- Laboratorio de Inflamación Cerebral, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriel G Haddad
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Francisco C Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Altura (IIA), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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13
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Ma J, Ji L, Li Z, Liu H, Zhao C, Xiong H, Wang S, Ge RL, Cui S. Downregulation of intrinsic apoptosis pathway in erythroblasts contributes to excessive erythrocytosis of chronic mountain sickness. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 76:25-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Desantis V, Frassanito MA, Tamma R, Saltarella I, Di Marzo L, Lamanuzzi A, Solimando AG, Ruggieri S, Annese T, Nico B, Vacca A, Ribatti D. Rhu-Epo down-regulates pro-tumorigenic activity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:1251-1258. [PMID: 29589107 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) is involved in the regulation of the angiogenic response in multiple myeloma (MM) through a direct effect on macrophages and endothelial cells isolated from the bone marrow of patients with MM. The aim of the present study was designed to determine the effects of rHuEpo on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and MM patients by means of in vitro and in vivo assays. rHuEpo treatment reduces the expression of mRNA levels of fibroblast activation markers, namely alpha smooth actin (αSMA) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in MGUS and MM CAFs, and of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in MM CAFs. Moreover, rHuEpo inhibits the proliferative activity of MM CAFs and increased the apoptosis of MGUS and MM CAFs. Overall, these data suggest that rHu-Epo down-regulates CAFs pro-tumorigenic activity. Moreover, these results are not suggestive for a pro-angiogenic activity of rHuEpo on CAFs. In fact, rHuEpo pre-treatment induces a low angiogenic response in vivo in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay of MGUS and MM CAFs conditioned medium, not comparable to that of a well-known angiogenic cytokine, VEGF-A, tested in the same assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
- National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Simona Ruggieri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Nico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
- National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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15
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Zhao C, Li Z, Ji L, Ma J, Ge RL, Cui S. PI3K-Akt Signal Transduction Molecules Maybe Involved in Downregulation of Erythroblasts Apoptosis and Perifosine Increased Its Apoptosis in Chronic Mountain Sickness. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5637-5649. [PMID: 29176544 PMCID: PMC5713146 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) has a higher incidence in the plateau region. The one of its principal characters is excessive erythrocytosis. The PI3K-Akt pathway plays an important role in the process of erythropoiesis, and could downregulate apoptosis by regulating apoptosis-related molecules. In this paper, we explored the change in apoptosis of erythroblasts and the effect of the PI3K-Akt signal pathway on erythroblasts apoptosis in CMS. Material/Methods A total of 22 CMS and 20 non-CMS participants were involved in this study. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were cultured and treated with celecoxib and perifosine in vitro for 72 hours. The apoptotic rate, the mRNA expressions of Akt, Bcl-xl, and caspase-9, and the protein expressions of Akt, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and caspase-9 were determined by flow cytometry, quantitative RT-PCR, and western-blot technique. Results The apoptotic rate of cultured erythroblasts was lower in the CMS group than in the non-CMS group. It was increased after perifosine intervention. The mRNA and protein expressions of Akt and Bcl-xl were higher and caspase-9 was lower in the CMS group than the non-CMS group. Perifosine induced decreased Bcl-xl mRNA and proteins and p-Akt proteins, and increased caspase-9 mRNA and proteins in vitro. In the CMS group, the hemoglobin concentration was correlated with apoptotic rate negatively and with Bcl-xl mRNA positively in erythroblasts; the erythroblasts apoptotic rate was negatively associated with the Akt mRNA and Bcl-xl mRNA. Conclusion The erythroblasts apoptosis was downregulated and the PI3K-Akt signal pathway appeared to be involved in the mechanism of decreased erythroblasts apoptosis in CMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland).,Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland)
| | - Zhanquan Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland).,Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland)
| | - Linhua Ji
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland).,Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland).,Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland)
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland)
| | - Sen Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland).,Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China (mainland)
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16
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Erythropoietin and Its Angiogenic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071519. [PMID: 28703764 PMCID: PMC5536009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is the main hematopoietic hormone acting on progenitor red blood cells via stimulation of cell growth, differentiation, and anti-apoptosis. However, its receptor (EPOR) is also expressed in various non-hematopoietic tissues, including endothelium. EPO is a pleiotropic growth factor that exhibits growth stimulation and cell/tissue protection on numerous cells and tissues. In this article we review the angiogenesis potential of EPO on endothelial cells in heart, brain, and leg ischemia, as well as its role in retinopathy protection and tumor promotion. Furthermore, the effect of EPO on bone marrow and adipose tissue is also discussed.
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17
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Villafuerte FC, Corante N. Chronic Mountain Sickness: Clinical Aspects, Etiology, Management, and Treatment. High Alt Med Biol 2016; 17:61-9. [PMID: 27218284 PMCID: PMC4913504 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2016.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Villafuerte, Francisco C., and Noemí Corante. Chronic mountain sickness: clinical aspects, etiology, management, and treatment. High Alt Med Biol. 17:61–69, 2016.—Millions of people worldwide live at a high altitude, and a significant number are at risk of developing Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS), a progressive incapacitating syndrome caused by lifelong exposure to hypoxia. CMS is characterized by severe symptomatic excessive erythrocytosis (EE; Hb ≥19 g/dL for women and Hb ≥21 g/dL for men) and accentuated hypoxemia, which are frequently associated with pulmonary hypertension. In advanced cases, the condition may evolve to cor pulmonale and congestive heart failure. Current knowledge indicates a genetic predisposition to develop CMS. However, there are important risk factors and comorbidities that may trigger and aggravate the condition. Thus, appropriate medical information on CMS is necessary to provide adequate diagnosis and healthcare to high-altitude inhabitants. After reviewing basic clinical aspects of CMS, including its definition, diagnosis, and common clinical findings, we discuss aspects of its etiology, and address its epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco C Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia , Lima, Perú
| | - Noemí Corante
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia , Lima, Perú
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